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Zablocki RW, Hartman SJ, Di C, Zou J, Carlson JA, Hibbing PR, Rosenberg DE, Greenwood-Hickman MA, Dillon L, LaCroix AZ, Natarajan L. Using functional principal component analysis (FPCA) to quantify sitting patterns derived from wearable sensors. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2024; 21:48. [PMID: 38671485 PMCID: PMC11055353 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-024-01585-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behavior (SB) is a recognized risk factor for many chronic diseases. ActiGraph and activPAL are two commonly used wearable accelerometers in SB research. The former measures body movement and the latter measures body posture. The goal of the current study is to quantify the pattern and variation of movement (by ActiGraph activity counts) during activPAL-identified sitting events, and examine associations between patterns and health-related outcomes, such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP). METHODS The current study included 314 overweight postmenopausal women, who were instructed to wear an activPAL (at thigh) and ActiGraph (at waist) simultaneously for 24 hours a day for a week under free-living conditions. ActiGraph and activPAL data were processed to obtain minute-level time-series outputs. Multilevel functional principal component analysis (MFPCA) was applied to minute-level ActiGraph activity counts within activPAL-identified sitting bouts to investigate variation in movement while sitting across subjects and days. The multilevel approach accounted for the nesting of days within subjects. RESULTS At least 90% of the overall variation of activity counts was explained by two subject-level principal components (PC) and six day-level PCs, hence dramatically reducing the dimensions from the original minute-level scale. The first subject-level PC captured patterns of fluctuation in movement during sitting, whereas the second subject-level PC delineated variation in movement during different lengths of sitting bouts: shorter (< 30 minutes), medium (30 -39 minutes) or longer (> 39 minute). The first subject-level PC scores showed positive association with DBP (standardized β ^ : 2.041, standard error: 0.607, adjusted p = 0.007), which implied that lower activity counts (during sitting) were associated with higher DBP. CONCLUSION In this work we implemented MFPCA to identify variation in movement patterns during sitting bouts, and showed that these patterns were associated with cardiovascular health. Unlike existing methods, MFPCA does not require pre-specified cut-points to define activity intensity, and thus offers a novel powerful statistical tool to elucidate variation in SB patterns and health. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03473145; Registered 22 March 2018; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03473145 ; International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/28684.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong W Zablocki
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, California, USA
| | - Sheri J Hartman
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, California, USA
| | - Chongzhi Di
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, 98109, Washington, USA
| | - Jingjing Zou
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, California, USA
| | - Jordan A Carlson
- Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles and Nutrition, Children's Mercy Kansas City, 610 E. 22nd St., Kansas City, 64108, Missouri, USA
| | - Paul R Hibbing
- Department of Kinesiology and Nutrition, University of Illinois Chicago, 1919 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
| | - Dori E Rosenberg
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, 1730 Minor Ave, Suite 1600, Seattle, 98101, Washington, USA
| | | | - Lindsay Dillon
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, California, USA
| | - Andrea Z LaCroix
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, California, USA
| | - Loki Natarajan
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093, California, USA.
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Pearse S, Léger M, Albert WJ, Cardoso M. Active workstations: A literature review on workplace sitting. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2024; 38:406-416. [PMID: 38763586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to further understand current literature on prolonged sitting, sitting posture and active sitting solutions. This paper is divided into three sections: The first section (Part I) is a comprehensive overview of the literature on how a static prolonged seated posture can affect: spinal health, trunk posture, contact pressure/discomfort development and vascular issues. The second section (Part II) reviews and qualitatively compares the four working postures recognized in ANSI/HFES 100-2007: reclined sitting, upright sitting, declined sitting and standing. The final section (Part III) is a summary of research on active chairs that revolves around the two types of movement patterns: 1- sustaining continual movement over a range of postures, occasionally reaching neutral lordosis, and 2- maintaining high frequency and duration of daily light contractile activity in the legs (or lower limbs).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle Léger
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, NB, Canada
| | - Wayne J Albert
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, NB, Canada
| | - Michelle Cardoso
- École de kinésiologie et de loisir, Université de Moncton, NB, Canada.
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A Single Subject, Feasibility Study of Using a Non-Contact Measurement to "Visualize" Temperature at Body-Seat Interface. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22103941. [PMID: 35632349 PMCID: PMC9143088 DOI: 10.3390/s22103941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Measuring temperature changes at the body-seat interface has been drawing increased attention from both industrial and scientific fields, due to the increasingly sedentary nature from daily leisure activity to routine work. Although contact measurement is considered the gold standard, it can affect the local micro-environment and the perception of sitting comfort. A non-contact temperature measurement system was developed to determine the interface temperature using data gathered unobtrusively and continuously from an infrared sensor (IRs). System performance was evaluated regarding linearity, hysteresis, reliability and accuracy. Then a healthy participant sat for an hour on low/intermediate density foams with thickness varying from 0.5−8 cm while body-seat interface temperature was measured simultaneously using a temperature sensor (contact) and an IRs (non-contact). IRs data were filtered with empirical mode decomposition and fractal scaling indices before a data-driven artificial neural network was utilized to estimate the contact surface temperature. A strong correlation existed between non-contact and contact temperature measurement (ρ > 0.85) and the estimation results showed a low root mean square error (RMSE) (<0.07 for low density foam and <0.16 for intermediate density foam) and high Nash-Sutcliff efficiency (NSE) values (≈1 for both types of foam materials).
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Colenberg S, Jylhä T. Identifying interior design strategies for healthy workplaces – a literature review. JOURNAL OF CORPORATE REAL ESTATE 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/jcre-12-2020-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
It is widely recognized that interior office space can affect health in several ways. Strategic and evidence-based design, including explicit design objectives, well-chosen design solutions and evaluation of results, aid realization of desired health effects. Therefore, this paper aims to identify possibly effective interior design strategies and accompanying design solutions and to provide examples of effectiveness measures.
Design/methodology/approach
A literature sample of 59 peer-reviewed papers published across disciplines was used to collect examples of workplace design features that have positively influenced workers’ well-being. The papers were grouped by their health objective and design scope successively and their theoretical assumptions, measures and findings were analyzed.
Findings
Four main workplace design strategies were identified. Design for comfort aims at reducing or preventing health complaints, discomfort and stress, following a pathogenic approach. It has the longest tradition and is the most frequently addressed in the included papers. The other three take a salutogenic approach, promoting health by increasing resources for coping with demands through positive design. Design for restoration supports physical and mental recovery through connections with nature. Design for social well-being facilitates social cohesion and feelings of belonging. Design for healthy behavior aims at nudging physical activity in the workplace.
Originality/value
By drawing complementary perspectives and offering examples of design solutions and effectiveness measures, this paper encourages workplace designers, managers and researchers to take a transdisciplinary and evidence-based approach to healthy workplaces. It also serves as a starting point for future empirical research.
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Kuster RP, Hagströmer M, Baumgartner D, Grooten WJA. Concurrent and discriminant validity of ActiGraph waist and wrist cut-points to measure sedentary behaviour, activity level, and posture in office work. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:345. [PMID: 33579254 PMCID: PMC7881682 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10387-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sedentary Behaviour (SB) gets an increasing attention from ergonomics and public health due to its associated detrimental health effects. A large number of studies record SB with ActiGraph counts-per-minute cut-points, but we still lack valid information about what the cut-points tell us about office work. This study therefore analysed the concurrent and discriminant validity of commonly used cut-points to measure SB, activity level, and posture. Methods Thirty office workers completed four office tasks at three workplaces (conventional chair, activity-promoting chair, and standing desk) while wearing two ActiGraphs (waist and wrist). Indirect calorimetry and prescribed posture served as reference criteria. Generalized Estimation Equations analysed workplace and task effects on the activity level and counts-per-minute, and kappa statistics and ROC curves analysed the cut-point validity. Results The activity-promoting chair (p < 0.001, ES ≥ 0.66) but not the standing desk (p = 1.0) increased the activity level, and both these workplaces increased the waist (p ≤ 0.003, ES ≥ 0.63) but not the wrist counts-per-minute (p = 0.74) compared to the conventional chair. The concurrent and discriminant validity was higher for activity level (kappa: 0.52–0.56 and 0.38–0.45, respectively) than for SB and posture (kappa ≤0.35 and ≤ 0.19, respectively). Furthermore, the discriminant validity for activity level was higher for task effects (kappa: 0.42–0.48) than for workplace effects (0.13–0.24). Conclusions ActiGraph counts-per-minute for waist and wrist placement were – independently of the chosen cut-point – a measure for activity level and not for SB or posture, and the cut-points performed better to detect task effects than workplace effects. Waist cut-points were most valid to measure the activity level in conventional seated office work, but they showed severe limitations for sit-stand desks. None of the placements was valid to detect the increased activity on the activity-promoting chair. Caution should therefore be paid when analysing the effect of workplace interventions on activity level with ActiGraph waist and wrist cut-points. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-021-10387-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman P Kuster
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. .,IMES Institute of Mechanical Systems, School of Engineering, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.
| | - Maria Hagströmer
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Medical Unit Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Occupational Therapy & Physiotherapy, Theme Women's Health and Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Daniel Baumgartner
- IMES Institute of Mechanical Systems, School of Engineering, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Wilhelmus J A Grooten
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Medical Unit Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Bontrup C, Taylor WR, Fliesser M, Visscher R, Green T, Wippert PM, Zemp R. Low back pain and its relationship with sitting behaviour among sedentary office workers. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2019; 81:102894. [PMID: 31422243 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2019.102894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The relationships between sedentary lifestyle, sitting behaviour, and low back pain (LBP) remain controversial. In this study, we investigated the relationship between back pain and occupational sitting habits in 64 call-centre employees. A textile pressure mat was used to evaluate and parameterise sitting behaviour over a total of 400 h, while pain questionnaires evaluated acute and chronic LBP. Seventy-five percent of the participants reported some level of either chronic or acute back pain. Individuals with chronic LBP demonstrated a possible trend (t-test not significant) towards more static sitting behaviour compared to their pain-free counterparts. Furthermore, a greater association was found between sitting behaviour and chronic LBP than for acute pain/disability, which is plausibly due to a greater awareness of pain-free sitting positions in individuals with chronic pain compared to those affected by acute pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michael Fliesser
- Sociology of Health and Physical Activity, Department of Health Science, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | | | - Tamara Green
- Sociology of Health and Physical Activity, Department of Health Science, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Pia-Maria Wippert
- Sociology of Health and Physical Activity, Department of Health Science, University of Potsdam, Germany
| | - Roland Zemp
- Institute for Biomechanics, ETH Zurich, Switzerland.
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Anderson A, Thornton O, Coats R, Capozio A, Astill S. The effect of using a cycling workstation on mouse dexterity. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220896. [PMID: 31461444 PMCID: PMC6713392 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of using a cycling workstation on mouse dexterity, including if and how this changed with practice. Thirty-four healthy adults were allocated to a sitting group (n = 17) or cycling group (n = 17). All participants completed standardised computer tasks on 6 occasions: baseline and final—all participants were seated; practice 1 to 4—sitting group participants were seated, cycling group participants pedalled on an under desk cycle. Three computer tasks were employed: (1) Tracking (continuous task)—participants used the mouse pointer to track a dot in a figure of 8 pattern at 3 different speeds without a guide then with a guide (2) Aiming (discrete task)—participants moved the mouse pointer to a dot which repeatedly disappeared then reappeared again in different locations, creating the outline of a pentagram (3) Steering (continuous task)—participants steered the mouse pointer around two different pathways. Accuracy was measured during the Tracking and Steering tasks as the root mean square error and penalised path accuracy respectively. Speed was measured during the Aiming task as the movement time. Data was analysed using frequentist and Bayes Factor analyses. During the continuous tasks (Tracking and Steering), accuracy was impaired among participants using the cycling workstation, both compared to their accuracy when seated and to the accuracy of participants in the sitting group. In contrast, no deficits in speed were noted among participants using the cycling work station during the discrete task (Aiming). No learning effects were observed among either group for any tasks. These findings suggest using a cycling workstation may impair the accuracy but not speed of mouse use, regardless of task practice. Overall this supports the implementation of cycling workstations in typical office settings, but suggests cycling workstations may impair productivity among workers performing high precision mouse tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Anderson
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, England, United Kingdom
- Physiotherapy Department, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, England, United Kingdom
| | - Oliver Thornton
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, England, United Kingdom
| | - Rachel Coats
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, England, United Kingdom
| | - Antonio Capozio
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, England, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah Astill
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, England, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Sui W, Smith ST, Fagan MJ, Rollo S, Prapavessis H. The effects of sedentary behaviour interventions on work-related productivity and performance outcomes in real and simulated office work: A systematic review. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2019; 75:27-73. [PMID: 30509536 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This review examined the impact of environmental, behavioral, and combined interventions to reduce occupational sedentary behaviour on work performance and productivity outcomes. Productivity outcomes were defined as variables assessing work-related tasks (e.g., typing, mouse), whereas performance outcomes were categorized as any variables assessing cognition that did not mimic work-related tasks. Nine databases were searched for articles published up to January 2018. Sixty-three studies were identified that met the inclusion criteria: 45 examined a productivity outcome (i.e., typing, mouse, work-related tasks, and absenteeism), 38 examined a performance outcome (i.e., memory, reading comprehension, mathematics, executive function, creativity, psychomotor function, and psychobiological factors), and 30 examined a self-reported productivity/performance outcome (i.e., presenteeism or other self-reported outcome). Overall, standing interventions do not appear to impact productivity/performance outcomes, whereas walking and cycling interventions demonstrate mixed null/negative associations for productivity outcomes. Hence, standing interventions to reduce occupational sedentary behaviour could be implemented without negatively impacting productivity/performance outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuyou Sui
- Exercise Health and Psychology Lab, Room 408, Arthur Sonia Labatt Health Science Building, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada.
| | - Siobhan T Smith
- Exercise Health and Psychology Lab, Room 408, Arthur Sonia Labatt Health Science Building, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada.
| | - Matthew J Fagan
- Exercise Health and Psychology Lab, Room 408, Arthur Sonia Labatt Health Science Building, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada.
| | - Scott Rollo
- Exercise Health and Psychology Lab, Room 408, Arthur Sonia Labatt Health Science Building, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada.
| | - Harry Prapavessis
- Exercise Health and Psychology Lab, Room 408, Arthur Sonia Labatt Health Science Building, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B9, Canada.
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Assessment of the ergonomic risk from saddle and conventional seats in dentistry: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208900. [PMID: 30557311 PMCID: PMC6296655 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to verify whether the saddle seat provides lower ergonomic risk than conventional seats in dentistry. Methods This review followed the PRISMA statement and a protocol was created and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42017074918). Six electronic databases were searched as primary study sources. The "grey literature" was included to prevent selection and publication biases. The risk of bias among the studies included was assessed with the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool for Systematic Reviews. Meta-analysis was performed to estimate the effect of seat type on the ergonomic risk score in dentistry. The heterogeneity among studies was assessed using I2 statistics. Results The search resulted in 3147 records, from which two were considered eligible for this review. Both studies were conducted with a total of 150 second-year dental students who were starting their laboratory activities using phantom heads. Saddle seats were associated with a significantly lower ergonomic risk than conventional seats [right side (mean difference = -3.18; 95% CI = -4.96, -1.40; p < 0.001) and left side (mean difference = -3.12; 95% CI = -4.56, -1.68; p < 0.001)], indicating posture improvement. Conclusion The two eligible studies for this review provide moderate evidence that saddle seats provided lower ergonomic risk than conventional seats in the examined population of dental students.
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Effects of a Dynamic Chair on Chair Seat Motion and Trunk Muscle Activity during Office Tasks and Task Transitions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122723. [PMID: 30513919 PMCID: PMC6313673 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Employing dynamic office chairs might increase the physical (micro-) activity during prolonged office sitting. We investigated whether a dynamic BioSwing® chair increases chair sway and alters trunk muscle activation. Twenty-six healthy young adults performed four office tasks (reading, calling, typing, hand writing) and transitions between these tasks while sitting on a dynamic and on a static office chair. For all task-transitions, chair sway was higher in the dynamic condition (p < 0.05). Muscle activation changes were small with lower mean activity of the left obliquus internus during hand writing (p = 0.07), lower mean activity of the right erector spinae during the task-transition calling to hand writing (p = 0.036), and higher mean activity of the left erector spinae during the task-transition reading to calling (p = 0.07) on the dynamic chair. These results indicate that an increased BioSwing® chair sway only selectively alters trunk muscle activation. Adjustments of chair properties (i.e., swinging elements, foot positioning) are recommended.
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Kuster RP, Bauer CM, Gossweiler L, Baumgartner D. Active sitting with backrest support: Is it feasible? ERGONOMICS 2018; 61:1685-1695. [PMID: 30169988 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2018.1517899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ergonomics science recommends office chairs that promote active sitting to reduce sitting related complaints. Since current office chairs do not fulfill this recommendation, a new chair was developed by inverting an existing dynamic chair principle. This study compares active sitting on the inverted chair during a simulated computer-based office task to two existing dynamic office chairs (n = 8). Upper body stability was analysed using Friedman ANOVA (p = .01). In addition, participants completed a questionnaire to rate their comfort and activity after half a working day. The inverted chair allowed the participants to perform a substantial range of lateral spine flexion (11.5°) with the most stable upper body posture (≤11 mm, ≤2°, p ≤ .01). The results of this study suggest that the inverted chair supports active sitting with backrest support during computer-based office work. However, according to comfort and activity ratings, results should be verified in a future field study with 24 participants. Practitioner Summary: This experimental laboratory study analyses the feasibility of active sitting with a backrest support during common office work on a new type of dynamic office chair. The results demonstrate that active sitting with a backrest support is feasible on the new but limited on existing chairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Peter Kuster
- a IMES Institute of Mechanical Systems, School of Engineering , ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences , Winterthur , Switzerland
- b Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society , Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Christoph Michael Bauer
- c Institute of Physiotherapy, School of Health Profession , ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences , Winterthur , Switzerland
| | - Lukas Gossweiler
- a IMES Institute of Mechanical Systems, School of Engineering , ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences , Winterthur , Switzerland
| | - Daniel Baumgartner
- a IMES Institute of Mechanical Systems, School of Engineering , ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences , Winterthur , Switzerland
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Kuster RP, Huber M, Hirschi S, Siegl W, Baumgartner D, Hagströmer M, Grooten W. Measuring Sedentary Behavior by Means of Muscular Activity and Accelerometry. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18114010. [PMID: 30453605 PMCID: PMC6263709 DOI: 10.3390/s18114010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Sedentary Behavior (SB) is among the most frequent human behaviors and is associated with a plethora of serious chronic lifestyle diseases as well as premature death. Office workers in particular are at an increased risk due to their extensive amounts of occupational SB. However, we still lack an objective method to measure SB consistent with its definition. We have therefore developed a new measurement system based on muscular activity and accelerometry. The primary aim of the present study was to calibrate the new-developed 8-CH-EMG+ for measuring occupational SB against an indirect calorimeter during typical desk-based office work activities. In total, 25 volunteers performed nine office tasks at three typical workplaces. Minute-by-minute posture and activity classification was performed using subsequent decision trees developed with artificial intelligence data processing techniques. The 8-CH-EMG+ successfully identified all sitting episodes (AUC = 1.0). Furthermore, depending on the number of electromyography channels included, the device has a sensitivity of 83–98% and 74–98% to detect SB and active sitting (AUC = 0.85–0.91). The 8-CH-EMG+ advances the field of objective SB measurements by combining accelerometry with muscular activity. Future field studies should consider the use of EMG sensors to record SB in line with its definition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman P Kuster
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Stockholm, Sweden.
- Institute of Mechanical Systems, School of Engineering, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8401 Winterthur, Switzerland.
| | - Mirco Huber
- Institute of Energy Systems and Fluid Engineering, School of Engineering, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8401 Winterthur, Switzerland.
| | - Silas Hirschi
- Institute of Energy Systems and Fluid Engineering, School of Engineering, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8401 Winterthur, Switzerland.
| | - Walter Siegl
- Institute of Energy Systems and Fluid Engineering, School of Engineering, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8401 Winterthur, Switzerland.
| | - Daniel Baumgartner
- Institute of Mechanical Systems, School of Engineering, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, 8401 Winterthur, Switzerland.
| | - Maria Hagströmer
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Stockholm, Sweden.
- Function Area Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Wim Grooten
- Division of Physiotherapy, Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Karolinska Institutet, 141 83 Stockholm, Sweden.
- Function Area Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
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Grooten WJA, Sandberg L, Ressman J, Diamantoglou N, Johansson E, Rasmussen-Barr E. Reliability and validity of a novel Kinect-based software program for measuring posture, balance and side-bending. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2018; 19:6. [PMID: 29310637 PMCID: PMC5759879 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-017-1927-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical examinations are subjective and often show a low validity and reliability. Objective and highly reliable quantitative assessments are available in laboratory settings using 3D motion analysis, but these systems are too expensive to use for simple clinical examinations. Qinematic™ is an interactive movement analyses system based on the Kinect camera and is an easy-to-use clinical measurement system for assessing posture, balance and side-bending. The aim of the study was to test the test-retest the reliability and construct validity of Qinematic™ in a healthy population, and to calculate the minimal clinical differences for the variables of interest. A further aim was to identify the discriminative validity of Qinematic™ in people with low-back pain (LBP). Methods We performed a test-retest reliability study (n = 37) with around 1 week between the occasions, a construct validity study (n = 30) in which Qinematic™ was tested against a 3D motion capture system, and a discriminative validity study, in which a group of people with LBP (n = 20) was compared to healthy controls (n = 17). We tested a large range of psychometric properties of 18 variables in three sections: posture (head and pelvic position, weight distribution), balance (sway area and velocity in single- and double-leg stance), and side-bending. Results The majority of the variables in the posture and balance sections, showed poor/fair reliability (ICC < 0.4) and poor/fair validity (Spearman <0.4), with significant differences between occasions, between Qinematic™ and the 3D–motion capture system. In the clinical study, Qinematic™ did not differ between people with LPB and healthy for these variables. For one variable, side-bending to the left, there was excellent reliability (ICC =0.898), excellent validity (r = 0.943), and Qinematic™ could differentiate between LPB and healthy individuals (p = 0.012). Conclusion This paper shows that a novel software program (Qinematic™) based on the Kinect camera for measuring balance, posture and side-bending has poor psychometric properties, indicating that the variables on balance and posture should not be used for monitoring individual changes over time or in research. Future research on the dynamic tasks of Qinematic™ is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilhelmus Johannes Andreas Grooten
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Huddinge, Sweden. .,Functional Area Occupational Therapy & Physiotherapy, Allied Health Professionals Function, Karolinska University Hospital, 171 76, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Lisa Sandberg
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - John Ressman
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Huddinge, Sweden.,Sports medicine clinic, Bosön, Swedish Sports Confederation Centre, Lidingö, Sweden
| | | | - Elin Johansson
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Huddinge, Sweden.,Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Eva Rasmussen-Barr
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Huddinge, Sweden
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14
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Roossien CC, Stegenga J, Hodselmans AP, Spook SM, Koolhaas W, Brouwer S, Verkerke GJ, Reneman MF. Can a smart chair improve the sitting behavior of office workers? APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2017; 65:355-361. [PMID: 28802456 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged sitting can cause health problems and musculoskeletal discomfort. There is a need for objective and non-obstructive means of measuring sitting behavior. A 'smart' office chair can monitor sitting behavior and provide tactile feedback, aiming to improve sitting behavior. This study aimed to investigate the effect of the feedback signal on sitting behavior and musculoskeletal discomfort. In a 12-week prospective cohort study (ABCB design) among office workers (n = 45) was measured sitting duration and posture, feedback signals and musculoskeletal discomfort. Between the study phases, small changes were observed in mean sitting duration, posture and discomfort. After turning off the feedback signal, a slight increase in sitting duration was observed (10 min, p = 0.04), a slight decrease in optimally supported posture (2.8%, p < 0.01), and musculoskeletal discomfort (0.8, p < 0.01) was observed. We conclude that the 'smart' chair is able to monitor the sitting behavior, the feedback signal, however, led to small or insignificant changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Roossien
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; INCAS(3), Dr. Nassaulaan 9, 9401 HJ Assen, The Netherlands.
| | - J Stegenga
- INCAS(3), Dr. Nassaulaan 9, 9401 HJ Assen, The Netherlands
| | - A P Hodselmans
- Center for Applied Research and Innovation in Health Care and in Nursing, Hanze University of Applied Sciences, Eyssoniusplein 18, 9714 CE Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - S M Spook
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - W Koolhaas
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - S Brouwer
- University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - G J Verkerke
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands; University of Twente, Department of Biomechanical Engineering, Drienerlolaan 5, 7522 NB Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - M F Reneman
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
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15
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Santo CDMDE, Araújo RC. Assessment of changes in spine curvatures and the sensations caused in three different types of working seats. MOTRIZ: REVISTA DE EDUCACAO FISICA 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-6574201700030002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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16
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Sales RBC, Pereira RR, Aguilar MTP, Cardoso AV. Thermal comfort of seats as visualized by infrared thermography. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2017; 62:142-149. [PMID: 28411724 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Published studies that deal with the question of how the temperature of chair seats influences human activities are few, but the studies considering such a factor, a function of the type of material, could contribute to improvements in the design of chairs. This study evaluates seat temperatures of 8 types of chairs made of different materials. The parts of the furniture that people come into contact with, and the thermal response of the material to heating and cooling have been evaluated. Infrared thermography was used for this, as it is a non-contact technique that does not present any type of risk in the measurement of temperatures. Seats made of synthetic leather (leatherette), wood and polyester fabric were found to have the highest temperatures, and the plywood seat showed the lowest. The study has also revealed that thermography can contribute to studies of thermal comfort of chair seats in addition to determining the most suitable material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary Bom Conselho Sales
- Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 7545, Bairro São Luiz, 31270-010 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Romeu Rodrigues Pereira
- Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 7545, Bairro São Luiz, 31270-010 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Maria Teresa Paulino Aguilar
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Antônio Valadão Cardoso
- Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais, Av. Presidente Antônio Carlos, 7545, Bairro São Luiz, 31270-010 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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