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Cooper S, Hanning J, Hegarty C, Generalis C, Smith A, Hall T, Starbuck C, Kaux JF, Schwartz C, Buckley C. Effects of a range of 6 prefabricated orthotic insole designs on plantar pressure in a healthy population: A randomized, open-label crossover investigation. Prosthet Orthot Int 2024; 48:474-480. [PMID: 39140763 DOI: 10.1097/pxr.0000000000000292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prefabricated orthotic insoles are widely commercially available for self-selection to treat foot and lower-body musculoskeletal pain, without requiring advice from health care professionals. Although they are generally designed to mimic traditional design features of custom-made orthotics used in clinical practice, the effects of prefabricated insoles on plantar pressure distribution are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE This investigation aimed to evaluate and directly compare the effects of a range of 6 different commercially available prefabricated orthotic insole designs on plantar pressure in healthy individuals. METHODS This was a single-center, randomized, open-label, crossover investigation. In-shoe dynamic pressure (F-scan) was investigated in 24 healthy subjects with normal foot posture, wearing standard shoes alone and in combination with 6 different orthotic insoles, consecutively, measured on a single day. The biomechanical impact of each insole was determined by the statistical significance of changes from baseline measurements (standard shoe alone). RESULTS Insoles with heel cups and medial arch geometries consistently increased contact area at medial arch and whole-foot regions and reduced both plantar peak pressure (PP) and pressure time integral at medial arch and heel regions. CONCLUSIONS This investigation has aided in further understanding the mode of action of prefabricated insoles in a healthy population. The insoles in this study redistributed plantar pressure at key regions of the foot, based on design features common to prefabricated insoles. Prefabricated orthotic insoles represent an easily accessible means of reducing lower-body musculoskeletal stress for those who spend prolonged periods of time on their feet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Adam Smith
- Reckitt Health Ltd., Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Tanya Hall
- Scholl's Wellness Company Ltd., Hull, United Kingdom
| | - Chelsea Starbuck
- Applied Sports, Technology, Exercise, and Medicine Research Centre, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
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Jacovides CL, Guetter CR, Crandall M, McGuire K, Slama EM, Plotkin A, Kashyap MV, Lal G, Henry MC. Overcoming Barriers: Sex Disparity in Surgeon Ergonomics. J Am Coll Surg 2024; 238:971-979. [PMID: 38511681 DOI: 10.1097/xcs.0000000000001043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal discomfort is widely experienced by surgeons across multiple surgical specialties. Developing technologies and new minimally invasive techniques add further complexity and ergonomic stressors. These stressors differentially affect male and female surgeons, but little is known about the role these sex disparities play in surgical ergonomic stress. We reviewed existing literature to better understand how ergonomic stress varies between male and female surgeons. STUDY DESIGN A literature search was performed via PubMed including but not limited to the following topics: ergonomics, surgeons, female surgeons, women surgeons, pregnancy, and operating room. A review of available quantitative data was performed. RESULTS Female surgeons endure more pronounced ergonomic discomfort than their male counterparts, with added ergonomic stress associated with pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS A 4-fold method is proposed to overcome ergonomic barriers, including (1) improved education on prevention and treatment of ergonomic injury for active surgeons and trainees, (2) increased departmental and institutional support for ergonomic solutions for surgeons, (3) partnerships with industry to study innovative ergonomic solutions, and (4) additional research on the nature of surgical ergonomic challenges and the differential effects of surgical ergonomics on female surgeons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina L Jacovides
- From the Division of Trauma, Surgical Critical Care, and Acute Care Surgery, Department of Surgery, Temple University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA (Jacovides)
| | - Camila R Guetter
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (Guetter)
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA (Guetter)
| | - Marie Crandall
- Department of Surgery, University of Florida College of Medicine Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL (Crandall)
| | - Kandace McGuire
- Department of Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA (McGuire)
| | - Eliza M Slama
- Sentara Northern Virginia Medical Center, Woodbridge, VA (Slama)
| | - Anastasia Plotkin
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Department of Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (Plotkin)
| | - Meghana V Kashyap
- Department of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE (Kashyap)
| | - Geeta Lal
- Division of Surgical Oncology and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA (Lal)
| | - Marion C Henry
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL (Henry)
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Rabal-Pelay J, Cimarras-Otal C, Lacárcel-Tejero B, Alcázar-Crevillén A, Villalba-Ruete JA, Berzosa C, Bataller-Cervero AV. Changes in Baropodometric Evaluation and Discomfort during the Workday in Assembly-Line Workers. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:761. [PMID: 38610183 PMCID: PMC11011590 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12070761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Prolonged standing at work is associated with health risks. The appearance of lower-limb and lower-back discomfort is one of the most prevalent factors in prolonged standing workers. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of an eight-hour workday on foot pressure and musculoskeletal discomfort in standing workers. Thirty-six assembly-line workers (six women) were recruited to participate in a cross-sectional study to assess foot pressure and surface, foot, knee, and lower-back discomfort before and after a real workday. Baropodometry outcomes (surface and pressure) were evaluated by the pressure platform SensorMedica and musculoskeletal discomfort was evaluated by Cornell's Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionaire. Total foot surface (p = 0.01) and foot discomfort (p = 0.03) increased significantly at the end of the workday. Prolonged standing during 8 h workday increased the foot discomfort and total foot surface in assembly-line workers. No foot pressure variable (forefoot, rearfoot, or total) was significantly modified after the workday in assembly-line workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Rabal-Pelay
- ValorA Research Group, Universidad San Jorge, Autovía A-23 Zaragoza-Huesca km 299, 50830 Villanueva de Gállego, Spain; (J.R.-P.); (C.B.); (A.V.B.-C.)
| | - Cristina Cimarras-Otal
- ValorA Research Group, Universidad San Jorge, Autovía A-23 Zaragoza-Huesca km 299, 50830 Villanueva de Gállego, Spain; (J.R.-P.); (C.B.); (A.V.B.-C.)
| | | | | | - José Antonio Villalba-Ruete
- BSH Electrodomésticos España S.A., Polígono Industrial La Cartuja Baja, Ctra. Castellón, km 6.300, Cartuja Baja, 50720 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - César Berzosa
- ValorA Research Group, Universidad San Jorge, Autovía A-23 Zaragoza-Huesca km 299, 50830 Villanueva de Gállego, Spain; (J.R.-P.); (C.B.); (A.V.B.-C.)
| | - Ana Vanessa Bataller-Cervero
- ValorA Research Group, Universidad San Jorge, Autovía A-23 Zaragoza-Huesca km 299, 50830 Villanueva de Gállego, Spain; (J.R.-P.); (C.B.); (A.V.B.-C.)
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Di Felice C, Sharma P, Matta M, Sethi S, Machuzak M, Young BP, Avasarala SK, Argento AC, Batra H, Akulian JA. The Need for Ergonomics Training in Interventional Pulmonary Fellowship. ATS Sch 2024; 5:45-52. [PMID: 38638917 PMCID: PMC11025561 DOI: 10.34197/ats-scholar.2023-0098br] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Di Felice
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care
Medicine, Louis Stokes Cleveland Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Pallavi Sharma
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care
Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Maroun Matta
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care
Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sonali Sethi
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, and
Critical Care Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation,
Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Michael Machuzak
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, and
Critical Care Medicine, Respiratory Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation,
Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Benjamin P. Young
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care
Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sameer K. Avasarala
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care
Medicine, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - A. Christine Argento
- Section of Interventional Pulmonology,
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University
School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Hitesh Batra
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and
Critical Care Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham,
Alabama; and
| | - Jason A. Akulian
- Section of Interventional Pulmonology and
Pulmonary Oncology, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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Ntiamoah P, Machuzak M, Gildea TR, Mehta AC. Ergonomics of bronchoscopy: good advice or a pain in the neck? Eur Respir Rev 2023; 32:230139. [PMID: 37852660 PMCID: PMC10582918 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0139-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Interventional pulmonologists require a unique set of skills including precise motor abilities and physical endurance, but surprisingly the application of ergonomic principles in the field of bronchoscopy remains limited. This is particularly intriguing when considering the significant impact that poor ergonomics can have on diagnostic aptitude, income potential and overall health. It is therefore imperative to provide comprehensive education to physicians regarding the significance of ergonomics in their work, especially considering the introduction of advanced diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. By implementing simple yet effective measures (e.g. maintaining neutral positions of the wrist, neck and shoulder; adjusting the height of tables and monitors; incorporating scheduled breaks; and engaging in regular exercises), the risk of injuries can be substantially reduced. Moreover, objective tools are readily available to assess ergonomic postures and estimate the likelihood of work-related musculoskeletal injuries. This review aims to evaluate the current literature on the impact of procedure-related musculoskeletal pain on practising pulmonologists and identify modifiable factors for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prince Ntiamoah
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael Machuzak
- Respiratory Institute, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Thomas R Gildea
- Respiratory Institute, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Atul C Mehta
- Respiratory Institute, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Smith AB, Cooper S, Hanning J, Buckley C. The humanistic and economic burden of work-related musculoskeletal pain: a cross-sectional survey of workers in the United Kingdom. BMC Res Notes 2023; 16:186. [PMID: 37620927 PMCID: PMC10463619 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-023-06461-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of work-related musculoskeletal (MSK) lower body pain on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and work productivity in a large sample of workers in the United Kingdom, as well as evaluating the potential economic impact of MSK pain. METHODS Participants with self-reported work-related MSK pain were recruited from an online panel maintained by a third party (Qualtrics LLC). Participants completed three validated instruments online: the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), the Assessment of Quality of Life Instrument (AQoL-4D), and the 6-item Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire (WPAI). Sociodemographic details, work patterns and healthcare resource utilisation were also reported. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-tests were used to explore differences between variables. Linear regression was applied to determine the impact of work-related MSK pain on HRQoL. RESULTS All 1035 recruited participants completed the survey (57.4% female; mean age 43.4 years). Participants reported spending all (25.2%) or most (53%) of their time at work on their feet. Mean pain severity was 4.63 (standard deviation: 2.07); mean pain interference was 4.37 (2.49). There was a linear relationship between length of shift, time on feet and pain. Mean AQoL-4D scores were 0.609 (0.254). A mean of 4.12 h was lost per week due to pain. Absenteeism (last 7 days) was 9.5% (20.7%), and presenteeism 33.3% (24.9%). An average 1.55 visits were made to family practitioners (total cost: £19,866) and 1 hospital visit (£37,320) due to work-related MSK pain. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that work-related lower body pain has a significant impact in terms of individual HRQoL and as an economic societal burden.
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Lin E, Young R, Shields J, Smith K, Chao L. Growing pains: strategies for improving ergonomics in minimally invasive gynecologic surgery. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2023; 35:361-367. [PMID: 37144567 DOI: 10.1097/gco.0000000000000875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To evaluate factors contributing to the development of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) and review strategies for mitigating ergonomic strain in minimally invasive gynecologic surgery. RECENT FINDINGS Factors associated with increased ergonomic strain and the development of WMSDs include increasing patient body mass index (BMI), smaller surgeon hand size, noninclusive design of instruments and energy devices and improper positioning of surgical equipment. Each type of minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopic, robotic, vaginal) confers its own ergonomic risk to the surgeon. Recommendations have been published regarding optimal ergonomic surgeon and equipment positioning. Intraoperative breaks and stretching are effective in reducing surgeon discomfort. Formal training in ergonomics has not yet been widely implemented, but educational interventions have been effective in reducing surgeon discomfort and can improve surgeon recognition of suboptimal ergonomics. SUMMARY Considering the serious downstream effects of WMSDs on surgeons, it is imperative to implement strategies for WMSD prevention. Optimal positioning of the surgeons and operative equipment should be routine. Intraoperative breaks and stretching should be incorporated during procedures and between every case. Formal education in ergonomics should be provided to surgeons and trainees. Additionally, more inclusive instrument design by industry partners should be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Lin
- Division of Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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Ünver S, Makal Orğan E. The effect of anti-fatigue floor mat on pain and fatigue levels of surgical team members: A crossover study. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2023; 110:104017. [PMID: 36933417 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2023.104017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As ergonomics is important to maintain comfort, this study aimed to examine the effect of anti-fatigue floor mats on pain and fatigue levels of surgical team members. Thirty-eight members participated in this crossover-designed study with no-mat and with-mat conditions, separated by a one-week washout period. They stood on the 15 mm thick rubber anti-fatigue floor mat and on the standard antistatic polyvinyl chloride flooring surface during the surgical procedures. Subjective ratings of pain and fatigue levels were measured pre and after-surgery for each experimental condition using the Visual Analogue Scale and Fatigue-Visual Analogue Scale scales. The after-surgery pain and fatigue levels for the with-mat condition were significantly lower than the no mat condition (p < .05). Consequently, anti-fatigue floor mats are effective in decreasing pain and fatigue levels of surgical team members during surgical procedures. Using anti-fatigue mats may be a practical and easy way to prevent discomfort that is often experienced by surgical teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seher Ünver
- Trakya University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Surgical Nursing, Edirne, Turkey.
| | - Esra Makal Orğan
- Trakya University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Surgical Nursing, Edirne, Turkey.
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Souchet AD, Lourdeaux D, Burkhardt JM, Hancock PA. Design guidelines for limiting and eliminating virtual reality-induced symptoms and effects at work: a comprehensive, factor-oriented review. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1161932. [PMID: 37359863 PMCID: PMC10288216 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1161932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Virtual reality (VR) can induce side effects known as virtual reality-induced symptoms and effects (VRISE). To address this concern, we identify a literature-based listing of these factors thought to influence VRISE with a focus on office work use. Using those, we recommend guidelines for VRISE amelioration intended for virtual environment creators and users. We identify five VRISE risks, focusing on short-term symptoms with their short-term effects. Three overall factor categories are considered: individual, hardware, and software. Over 90 factors may influence VRISE frequency and severity. We identify guidelines for each factor to help reduce VR side effects. To better reflect our confidence in those guidelines, we graded each with a level of evidence rating. Common factors occasionally influence different forms of VRISE. This can lead to confusion in the literature. General guidelines for using VR at work involve worker adaptation, such as limiting immersion times to between 20 and 30 min. These regimens involve taking regular breaks. Extra care is required for workers with special needs, neurodiversity, and gerontechnological concerns. In addition to following our guidelines, stakeholders should be aware that current head-mounted displays and virtual environments can continue to induce VRISE. While no single existing method fully alleviates VRISE, workers' health and safety must be monitored and safeguarded when VR is used at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis D. Souchet
- Heudiasyc UMR 7253, Alliance Sorbonne Université, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Compiègne, France
- Institute for Creative Technologies, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Domitile Lourdeaux
- Heudiasyc UMR 7253, Alliance Sorbonne Université, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS, Compiègne, France
| | | | - Peter A. Hancock
- Department of Psychology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, United States
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Garcia MG, Roman MG, Davila A, Martin BJ. Comparison of Physiological Effects Induced by Two Compression Stockings and Regular Socks During Prolonged Standing Work. HUMAN FACTORS 2023; 65:562-574. [PMID: 34078143 PMCID: PMC10210207 DOI: 10.1177/00187208211022126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to evaluate and compare lower-leg muscle fatigue, edema, and discomfort induced by the prolonged standing of security guards wearing regular socks and those wearing 15-20 or 20-30 mmHg compression stockings as intervention. BACKGROUND Compression stockings are sometimes used by individuals standing all day at work. However, quantitative evidence showing their potential benefits for lower-leg health issues in healthy individuals during real working conditions is lacking. METHOD Forty male security employees participated in the study. All were randomly assigned to the control or one of the two intervention groups (I15-20 or I20-30). Lower-leg muscle twitch force, volume, and discomfort ratings were measured before and after their regular 12-hr standing work shift. RESULTS Significant evidence of lower-leg long-lasting muscle fatigue, edema, and discomfort was observed after standing work for guards wearing regular socks. However, no significant changes were found for guards wearing either compression stockings. CONCLUSION In healthy individuals, compression stockings seem to attenuate efficiently the tested outcomes in the lower leg resulting from prolonged standing. APPLICATION Occupational activities requiring prolonged standing may benefit from 15-20 or 20-30 mmHg compression stockings. As similar benefits were observed for both levels of compression, the lower level may be sufficient.
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Walsh CM. Enhancing Ergonomics in Pediatric Endoscopy Training and Practice. Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2023; 33:235-251. [PMID: 36948744 DOI: 10.1016/j.giec.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric endoscopists are at risk of work-related injuries from overuse and repetitive motions during endoscopy. Recently, there has been increasing appreciation for the importance of ergonomics education and training to help build long-term habits that prevent injury. This article reviews the epidemiology of endoscopy-related injuries in pediatric practice, describes methods for controlling exposures in the workplace, discusses key ergonomic principles that can be used to mitigate injury risk, and outlines tips for integrating education on endoscopy ergonomics during training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharine M Walsh
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition and the SickKids Research and Learning Institutes, The Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Paediatrics and The Wilson Centre, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada.
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Esmaeili R, Shakerian M, Esmaeili SV, Jalali M, Pouya AB, Karimi A. A multicomponent quasi-experimental ergonomic interventional study: long-term parallel four-groups interventions. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:107. [PMID: 36759793 PMCID: PMC9909905 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are known as one of the main problems affecting the health of industrial workers and can lead to lost working days, functional disability of workers and wasting the financial resources of an organization. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluating the effect of ergonomic interventions on reducing MSDs and improving working posture in the in a foundry industry workers. METHODS A field multicomponent cross-interventional study was conducted on workers working in a foundry industry. In this study, 117 male workers were divided into 4 groups, including a control group, a group with specialized ergonomics training, a group with workstation intervention, and a group simultaneously undergoing training and workstation intervention. All 4 groups were evaluated during a period of baseline, 6 and 12-months follow- up. The Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ) and direct observations of working postures by using the Quick Exposure Check (QEC) method were used. RESULTS The results showed that the implemented interventions in the shoulder/arm, back and stress level were effective and the difference in the final score was significant among different groups (P-value > 0.05). In addition, the interventions led to a significant decrease in the QEC scores and musculoskeletal symptom scores in the neck, shoulder, lower back, knee, and lower leg regions among different groups (P-value > 0.05). CONCLUSION The results showed that workstation modification and training and workstation intervention simultaneously had a greater effect on MSDs and improving working posture compared to training alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Esmaeili
- grid.411036.10000 0001 1498 685XStudent Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Shakerian
- grid.411036.10000 0001 1498 685XDepartment of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sayed Vahid Esmaeili
- grid.411600.2Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Jalali
- grid.411036.10000 0001 1498 685XStudent Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran ,grid.502998.f0000 0004 0550 3395Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Amin Babaei Pouya
- grid.411426.40000 0004 0611 7226Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Azim Karimi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. .,Student Research Committee, Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Alves J, Lima TM, Gaspar PD. The sociodemographic challenge in human-centred production systems – a systematic literature review. THEORETICAL ISSUES IN ERGONOMICS SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1463922x.2022.2148178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joel Alves
- C-MAST - Center for Mechanical and Aerospace Science and Technologies, Calçada Fonte do Lameiro, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Tânia M. Lima
- C-MAST - Center for Mechanical and Aerospace Science and Technologies, Calçada Fonte do Lameiro, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Pedro D. Gaspar
- C-MAST - Center for Mechanical and Aerospace Science and Technologies, Calçada Fonte do Lameiro, Covilhã, Portugal
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The Effect of Standing Mats on Biomechanical Characteristics of Lower Limbs and Perceived Exertion for Healthy Individuals during Prolonged Standing. Appl Bionics Biomech 2022; 2022:8132402. [PMID: 35942253 PMCID: PMC9356849 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8132402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To identify the effect of standing mats on biomechanical characteristics of lower limbs and perceived exertion for healthy adult individuals during a prolonged standing task. Methods 32 healthy college students were recruited in the randomized and cross-over designed trial according to the effect size and statistical power. After collecting the anthropometric data, each participant was asked to finish 2 sessions of 4-hour prolonged standing tasks on standing mats (MS) and hard ground (GS) in a random order and with a 72-hour interval rest. The plantar pressure distribution, foot morphology, and scores of the BESS (balance error scoring system) would be recorded pre- and posteach task. The Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE) would be collected during the whole task. Paired-samples t test was adopted to analyse the before and after difference within group and independent-samples t test was adopted to analyse the difference between groups separately. Results (1) A prolonged standing task on both MS and GS have a negative effect on RPE and balance performance. (2) The negative effect on RPE and balance performance induced by MS is significantly smaller than that induced by GS. (3) Compared to GS, prolonged standing on MS has a lower peak plantar pressure and an implicit decrease in navicular drop and AHI (arch index). Conclusion Standing mat tends to alleviate the fatigue induced by prolonged standing in lower limbs, optimize the distribution of plantar pressure, and maintain the stability.
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Lin MIB, Yen YT, Chang CH. Use of an inflatable mat to reduce body discomfort development when performing computer work at a standing desk. ERGONOMICS 2022; 65:1015-1034. [PMID: 34797209 DOI: 10.1080/00140139.2021.2009042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effects of inflatable mat design on body discomfort, task performance, and musculoskeletal exposures during standing computer work. Twenty-seven healthy adults completed three 2-hour standing trials on different mediums (concrete floor, foam mat, and inflatable mat) on different days in an experimental laboratory. Both mats were associated with reduced discomfort in all lower-body regions and increased typing performance compared to the concrete floor. Perceived discomfort in lower extremities (except thighs) was further alleviated while standing on the inflatable mat than on the foam mat. Use of the inflatable mat led to increased lower-body muscle activity, a flexed lower back, and a wide range of sagittal knee movements. As standing time increased, body discomfort increased, typing accuracy decreased, and there were increased variations in muscle activity and postural movements in the lower body. The inflatable mat shows potential to improve the ergonomic experience during prolonged standing. Practitioner summary: Incorporating standing postures in office-based workplaces can reduce sitting time and may mitigate the health hazards associated with sedentary behaviour. With adequate weight-shifting movements, using an inflatable mat for standing could be an effective way to lessen discomfort and accumulated musculoskeletal strain due to constrained standing, without jeopardising task productivity. Abbreviations: APDF: amplitude probability distribution function. AVR: average rectified value. CI: confidence interval. CMRR: common mode rejection ratio. COP: center of pressure. CV: coefficient of variation. EA: electrical activity. EMG: electromyography. FL: fibularis longus. GM: gluteus medius. LBP: lower back pain. LES: lumbar erector spinae. MVC: maximum voluntary contraction. PD: pain developer. rANOVA: repeated-measures analysis of variance. SOL: soleus. VAS: visual analog scale. WPM: words per minute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-I Brandon Lin
- Department of Industrial and Information Management, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Information Management, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Yen
- Department of Industrial and Information Management, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chun Han Chang
- Department of Industrial and Information Management, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Cardoso VDF, Stefane CA, de Barros FC, Gonçalves JS, Figueiredo LC, de Oliveira Sato T. Influence of gender and age on musculoskeletal symptoms in white and blue-collar workers - cross-sectional study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2022; 28:2482-2491. [PMID: 35130824 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2022.2037325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Identify the prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms among blue- and white-collar workers stratified by gender and age. METHODS The sample was composed of 390 blue-collar and 510 white-collar workers. Musculoskeletal symptoms were evaluated using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Independent t-test or Mann-Whitney test were used for the inter-group comparisons. The Chi-square (χ2) association test was applied for categorical variables. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the influence of gender and age on musculoskeletal symptoms. RESULTS The prevalence of shoulder, lower back, and ankle/foot symptoms was higher among blue-collar workers compared to white-collar workers. In the analysis stratified by gender, female blue-collar workers had a higher frequency of shoulder symptoms and male blue-collar workers had a higher frequency of lower back symptoms. In the analysis stratified by age, younger blue collar-workers had a higher frequency of shoulder, lower back, and ankle/foot symptoms compared to young white-collar workers and older white-collar workers had a higher frequency of neck symptoms compared to older blue-collar workers. CONCLUSIONS Gender and age exerted an influence on self-reported symptoms in blue- and white-collar workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane de Freitas Cardoso
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, SP-310, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Claudia Aparecida Stefane
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, SP-310, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Cabegi de Barros
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, SP-310, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Josiane Sotrate Gonçalves
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, SP-310, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro Corrêa Figueiredo
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, SP-310, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiana de Oliveira Sato
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, Rodovia Washington Luís, km 235, SP-310, 13565-905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Tajerian M, Garcia J. Garments and Footwear for Chronic Pain. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2021; 2:757240. [PMID: 35295438 PMCID: PMC8915652 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2021.757240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In most human societies, wearing clothing and shoes, particularly in public settings, is commonplace and may even be legally required. Consequently, there is an abundance of clothing and footwear options for individuals of different ages, genders, body shapes and catering to different needs such as workwear and active-wear. However, many of the available options may not be viable for the millions and pain sufferers worldwide, indicating a need for adaptive apparel for the pain patient. In this perspective manuscript, we focus on the availability and efficacy of clothing designed to prevent pain in the general population as well as reduce or treat pain in pain patients. Furthermore, we put forth some considerations for the construction of adaptive garments. Such efforts and needed and could significantly improve well-being and quality of life in the pain patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maral Tajerian
- Department of Biology, Queens College, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
- The Graduate Center, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Maral Tajerian
| | - Jaqueline Garcia
- Department of Biology, Queens College, City University of New York, New York, NY, United States
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Lu Z, Sun D, Xu D, Li X, Baker JS, Gu Y. Gait Characteristics and Fatigue Profiles When Standing on Surfaces with Different Hardness: Gait Analysis and Machine Learning Algorithms. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10111083. [PMID: 34827076 PMCID: PMC8615158 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Simple Summary The purpose of this study was to explore if an anti-fatigue soft mat could improve the gait performance after standing for long periods and to examine if a machine-learning algorithm could evaluate fatigue state objectively. Compared with standing directly on the hard ground, using an anti-fatigue mat could reduce the negative effect of standing for a long time (4 h). The machine-learning algorithm demonstrated moderate accuracy in measuring fatigue. The accuracy of gait parameters used to consider a non-fatigued state following the use of an anti-fatigue mat was higher than that of the fatigue state. The results may indicate that it is beneficial to use anti-fatigue mats when standing for long periods, and it is feasible to use gait parameters and machine-learning algorithms to detect fatigue. Abstract Background: Longtime standing may cause fatigue and discomfort in the lower extremities, leading to an increased risk of falls and related musculoskeletal diseases. Therefore, preventive interventions and fatigue detection are crucial. This study aims to explore whether anti-fatigue mats can improve gait parameters following long periods of standing and try to use machine learning algorithms to identify the fatigue states of standing workers objectively. Methods: Eighteen healthy young subjects were recruited to stand on anti-fatigue mats and hard ground to work 4 h, including 10 min rest. The portable gait analyzer collected walking speed, stride length, gait frequency, single support time/double support time, swing work, and leg fall intensity. A Paired sample t-test was used to compare the difference of gait parameters without standing intervention and standing on two different hardness planes for 4 h. An independent sample t-test was used to analyze the difference between males and females. The K-nearest neighbor (KNN) classification algorithm was performed, the subject’s gait characteristics were divided into non-fatigued and fatigue groups. The gait parameters selection and the error rate of fatigue detection were analyzed. Results: When gender differences were not considered, the intensity of leg falling after standing on the hard ground for 4 h was significantly lower than prior to the intervention (p < 0.05). When considering the gender, the stride length and leg falling strength of female subjects standing on the ground for 4 h were significantly lower than those before the intervention (p < 0.05), and the leg falling strength after standing on the mat for 4 h was significantly lower than that recorded before the standing intervention (p < 0.05). The leg falling strength of male subjects standing on the ground for 4 h was significantly lower than before the intervention (p < 0.05). After standing on the ground for 4 h, female subjects’ walking speed and stride length were significantly lower than those of male subjects (p < 0.05). In addition, the accuracy of testing gait parameters to predict fatigue was medium (75%). After standing on the mat was divided into fatigue, the correct rate was 38.9%, and when it was divided into the non-intervention state, the correct rate was 44.4%. Conclusion: The results show that the discomfort and fatigue caused by standing for 4 h could lead to the gait parameters variation, especially in females. The use of anti-fatigue mats may improve the negative influence caused by standing for a long period. The results of the KNN classification algorithm showed that gait parameters could be identified after fatigue, and the use of an anti-fatigue mat could improve the negative effect of standing for a long time. The accuracy of the prediction results in this study was moderate. For future studies, researchers need to optimize the algorithm and include more factors to improve the prediction accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghui Lu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Z.L.); (D.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Dong Sun
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Z.L.); (D.X.); (X.L.)
- Savaria Institute of Technology, Eötvös Loránd University, 9700 Szombathely, Hungary
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (Y.G.)
| | - Datao Xu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Z.L.); (D.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Xin Li
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Z.L.); (D.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Julien S. Baker
- Centre for Health and Exercise Science Research, Department of Sport and Physical Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, China;
| | - Yaodong Gu
- Faculty of Sports Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Z.L.); (D.X.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (Y.G.)
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Wearing Cushioning Shoes Reduce Load Rates More Effectively in Post-Fatigue than in Pre-Fatigue during Landings. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10100962. [PMID: 34681061 PMCID: PMC8533174 DOI: 10.3390/biology10100962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Athlete experience high impact forces during landing, which is a contributing factor to injury risk potentials. As a potential factor of affecting the impact force, previous study of the effects of footwear cushioning effect on landing biomechanics were inconsistent. Furthermore, limited efforts have been exerted on the relationship between footwear cushioning and fatigue. In this study, the footwear cushioning effects on bipedal landing biomechanics before and after acute exercise-induced fatigue protocol were explored. The results of this study suggest that footwear cushioning can reduce landing-related rearfoot impact forces regardless of fatigue conditions. In a situation where the neuromuscular activity is reduced or absent, e.g., post-fatigue, wearing better cushioning shoes show superior attenuation, as indicated by low forefoot and rearfoot impacts. Abstract Purpose: this study aimed to investigate the footwear cushioning effects on impact forces and joint kinematics of the lower extremity during bipedal drop landings before and after acute exercise-induced fatigue protocol. Methods: in this case, 15 male collegiate basketball athletes performed drop landings from a 60 cm platform wearing highly-cushioned shoes (HS) and less cushioned shoes (control shoes, CS) before and after acute fatigue-inducing exercises (i.e., shuttle run combined with multiple vertical jumps). Force plates and motion capturing systems were synchronised to measure ground reaction forces and kinematic data during drop landings. Maximum jump height was analysed with one-way ANOVA. Two-way repeated measure ANOVAs were performed on each of the tested variables to examine if there was significant main effects of shoe and fatigue as well as the interaction. The significance level was set to 0.05. Results: rearfoot peak impact forces and loading rates significantly reduced when the participants wore HS in pre- and post-fatigue conditions. The peak loading rates in forefoot significantly reduced when HS were worn in post-fatigue. Compared with pre-fatigue, wearing HS contributed to with 24% and 13% reduction in forefoot and rearfoot peak loading rates, respectively, and the occurrence times of first and second peak impact forces and loading rates were much later. In the post-fatigue, a significant increase in the initial contact and minimum angles of the ankle were observed in HS compared with CS. Conclusion: these findings suggest that footwear cushioning can reduce landing-related rearfoot impact forces regardless of fatigue conditions. In a situation where the neuromuscular activity is reduced or absent such as post-fatigue wearing better cushioning shoes show superior attenuation, as indicated by lower forefoot and rearfoot impacts.
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Abstract
Despite more than 80% of interventional operators reporting one or more orthopedic injuries attributed to the X-ray laboratory, there has been limited adoption of various strategies and equipment to minimize these injuries. A comprehensive review of these methods to reduce musculoskeletal strain is lacking in the current literature, and is essential in order to ensure a long, healthy, and productive interventional career.
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Orejel Bustos A, Belluscio V, Camomilla V, Lucangeli L, Rizzo F, Sciarra T, Martelli F, Giacomozzi C. Overuse-Related Injuries of the Musculoskeletal System: Systematic Review and Quantitative Synthesis of Injuries, Locations, Risk Factors and Assessment Techniques. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:2438. [PMID: 33916269 PMCID: PMC8037357 DOI: 10.3390/s21072438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Overuse-related musculoskeletal injuries mostly affect athletes, especially if involved in preseason conditioning, and military populations; they may also occur, however, when pathological or biological conditions render the musculoskeletal system inadequate to cope with a mechanical load, even if moderate. Within the MOVIDA (Motor function and Vitamin D: toolkit for risk Assessment and prediction) Project, funded by the Italian Ministry of Defence, a systematic review of the literature was conducted to support the development of a transportable toolkit (instrumentation, protocols and reference/risk thresholds) to help characterize the risk of overuse-related musculoskeletal injury. The PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) approach was used to analyze Review papers indexed in PubMed and published in the period 2010 to 2020. The search focused on stress (overuse) fracture or injuries, and muscle fatigue in the lower limbs in association with functional (biomechanical) or biological biomarkers. A total of 225 Review papers were retrieved: 115 were found eligible for full text analysis and led to another 141 research papers derived from a second-level search. A total of 183 papers were finally chosen for analysis: 74 were classified as introductory to the topics, 109 were analyzed in depth. Qualitative and, wherever possible, quantitative syntheses were carried out with respect to the literature review process and quality, injury epidemiology (type and location of injuries, and investigated populations), risk factors, assessment techniques and assessment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amaranta Orejel Bustos
- Interuniversity Centre of Bioengineering of the Human Neuromusculoskeletal System (BOHNES), Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (A.O.B.); (V.B.); (V.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Valeria Belluscio
- Interuniversity Centre of Bioengineering of the Human Neuromusculoskeletal System (BOHNES), Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (A.O.B.); (V.B.); (V.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Valentina Camomilla
- Interuniversity Centre of Bioengineering of the Human Neuromusculoskeletal System (BOHNES), Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (A.O.B.); (V.B.); (V.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Leandro Lucangeli
- Interuniversity Centre of Bioengineering of the Human Neuromusculoskeletal System (BOHNES), Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, University of Rome “Foro Italico”, 00135 Rome, Italy; (A.O.B.); (V.B.); (V.C.); (L.L.)
| | - Francesco Rizzo
- Joint Veterans Defence Center, Army Medical Center, 00184 Rome, Italy; (F.R.); (T.S.)
| | - Tommaso Sciarra
- Joint Veterans Defence Center, Army Medical Center, 00184 Rome, Italy; (F.R.); (T.S.)
| | - Francesco Martelli
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Claudia Giacomozzi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases and Aging, Italian National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy;
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Rios L, Paggiaro AO, Fernandes RAQ. Quality of life, lifestyle, and working environment of women in the footwear industry. Rev Bras Med Trab 2021; 18:390-398. [PMID: 33688320 PMCID: PMC7934172 DOI: 10.47626/1679-4435-2020-517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The footwear industry uses glue and other organic solvents (such as ethyl acetate, acetone, xylene, and toluene) in its manufacturing process; these substances, when associated with an inadequate working environment, can potentialize health problems and interfere with the perception of quality of life by female workers. Objectives: To verify the quality of life of women working in the footwear industry and its association with the self-reported morbidities of these workers, their working environment, and lifestyle habits. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, developed with 120 women shoemakers in the city of Franca, state of São Paulo. For evaluating quality of life, we used the abbreviated version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument. Results: The most common self-reported morbidities were anxiety (65%), stress (62.5%), irritability (49.2%), sleep alterations (35.8%), fatigue (30%), and muscle cramps (30%). The physical domain presented the highest mean score (68.0), followed by the psychological (67.1) and social relationships domains (66.4). Environment was the domain with the lowest mean score (53.5). Quality of life was associated with the following self-reported morbidities: muscle cramps (p = 0.010), breathing difficulty (p = 0.029), tingling in the upper limbs (p = 0.010), decline in manual skills and work capacity, and pain (p < 0.001); the physical domain was the most affected. We observed a statistically significant difference in mean physical domain scores (p = 0.006) of women who used personal protection equipment; noise in the workplace interfered with the social relationships domain (p = 0.019), while working position interfered with the social relationships (p = 0.021) and environment (0 = 0.047) domains. Conclusions: The self-reported morbidities reported here and some working conditions negatively interfered with the women’s quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Rios
- Mestrado em Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação, Universidade Guarulhos, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
| | - André Oliveira Paggiaro
- Mestrado em Enfermagem, Programa de Pós-Graduação, Universidade Guarulhos, Guarulhos, SP, Brazil
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Srewaradachpisal S, Dechwayukul C, Chatpun S, Spontak RJ, Thongruang W. Optimization of the Rubber Formulation for Footwear Applications from the Response Surface Method. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12092032. [PMID: 32906718 PMCID: PMC7563865 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Impact force remains the primary cause of foot injury and general discomfort with regard to footwear. The footwear industry traditionally relies on modified elastomers (including natural rubber) whose properties can be physically adjusted by varying the constituents in the rubber formulations. This work aims to investigate the effect of filler/plasticizer fractions on shock attenuation of natural rubber soles. The statistical response surface method (RSM) was used to optimize the loading of natural rubber, fillers (carbon black and china clay) and a plasticizer (paraffinic oil). A novel predictive equation addressing the effects of additives on the physical and mechanical properties of the shoe sole was successfully created using the RSM. Our results demonstrate how the concentrations of these components regulate final properties, such as impact force absorption and hardness, in the commercial manufacture of shoe soles. While a higher loading level of plasticizer promotes reductions in hardness and impact force, as well as energy dissipation, in these modified elastomers, these properties were improved by increasing the filler content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satta Srewaradachpisal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; (S.S.); (C.D.)
| | - Charoenyutr Dechwayukul
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; (S.S.); (C.D.)
| | - Surapong Chatpun
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand;
| | - Richard J. Spontak
- Departments of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
| | - Wiriya Thongruang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; (S.S.); (C.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-7428-7217
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