1
|
Martinez-Peon D, Garcia-Hernandez NV, Benavides-Bravo FG, Parra-Vega V. Characterization and classification of kinesthetic motor imagery levels. J Neural Eng 2024; 21:046024. [PMID: 38963179 DOI: 10.1088/1741-2552/ad5f27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Objective.Kinesthetic Motor Imagery (KMI) represents a robust brain paradigm intended for electroencephalography (EEG)-based commands in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, ensuring high accuracy in multi-command execution remains challenging, with data from C3 and C4 electrodes reaching up to 92% accuracy. This paper aims to characterize and classify EEG-based KMI of multilevel muscle contraction without relying on primary motor cortex signals.Approach.A new method based on Hurst exponents is introduced to characterize EEG signals of multilevel KMI of muscle contraction from electrodes placed on the premotor, dorsolateral prefrontal, and inferior parietal cortices. EEG signals were recorded during a hand-grip task at four levels of muscle contraction (0%, 10%, 40%, and 70% of the maximal isometric voluntary contraction). The task was executed under two conditions: first, physically, to train subjects in achieving muscle contraction at each level, followed by mental imagery under the KMI paradigm for each contraction level. EMG signals were recorded in both conditions to correlate muscle contraction execution, whether correct or null accurately. Independent component analysis (ICA) maps EEG signals from the sensor to the source space for preprocessing. For characterization, three algorithms based on Hurst exponents were used: the original (HO), using partitions (HRS), and applying semivariogram (HV). Finally, seven classifiers were used: Bayes network (BN), naive Bayes (NB), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), random tree (RT), multilayer perceptron (MP), and k-nearest neighbors (kNN).Main results.A combination of the three Hurst characterization algorithms produced the highest average accuracy of 96.42% from kNN, followed by MP (92.85%), SVM (92.85%), NB (91.07%), RF (91.07%), BN (91.07%), and RT (80.35%). of 96.42% for kNN.Significance.Results show the feasibility of KMI multilevel muscle contraction detection and, thus, the viability of non-binary EEG-based BCI applications without using signals from the motor cortex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Martinez-Peon
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, National Technological Institute of Mexico (TecNM)- IT Nuevo Leon, Guadalupe, Mexico
| | - N V Garcia-Hernandez
- National Council on Science and Technology, Saltillo, Mexico
- Robotics and Advanced Manufacturing, Research Center for Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Saltillo, Mexico
| | - F G Benavides-Bravo
- Department of Basic Sciences, National Technological Institute of Mexico (TecNM)- IT Nuevo Leon, Guadalupe, Mexico
| | - V Parra-Vega
- Robotics and Advanced Manufacturing, Research Center for Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Saltillo, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kotegawa K, Kuroda N, Sakata J, Teramoto W. Association between visuo-spatial working memory and gait motor imagery. Hum Mov Sci 2024; 94:103185. [PMID: 38320427 DOI: 10.1016/j.humov.2024.103185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Although motor imagery and working memory (WM) appear to be closely linked, no previous studies have demonstrated direct evidence for the relationship between motor imagery and WM abilities. This study investigated the association between WM and gait motor imagery and focused on the individual differences in young adults. This study included 33 participants (mean age: 22.2 ± 0.9 years). We used two methods to measure the ability of different WM domains: verbal and visuo-spatial WM. Gait motor imagery accuracy was assessed via the mental chronometry paradigm. We measured the times participants took to complete an actual and imagined walk along a 5 m walkway, with three different path widths. The linear mixed effects model analysis revealed that visuo-spatial WM ability was a significant predictor of the accuracy of gait motor imagery, but not of verbal WM ability. Specifically, individuals with lower visuo-spatial WM ability demonstrated more inaccuracies in the difficult path-width conditions. However, gait motor imagery was not as accurate as actual walking even in the easiest path width or in participants with high visuo-spatial WM ability. Further, visuo-spatial WM ability was significantly correlated with mental walking but not with actual walking. These results suggest that visuo-spatial WM is related to motor imagery rather than actual movement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Kotegawa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science, Kumamoto Health Science University, 325 Izumi, Kumamoto 861-5598, Japan.
| | - Naoki Kuroda
- Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-40-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Junya Sakata
- Department of Rehabilitation, Medical Corporation Tanakakai, Musashigaoka Hospital, 7-15-1 Kusunoki, Kumamoto 861-8003, Japan
| | - Wataru Teramoto
- Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-40-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Mandolesi L, Passarello N, Lucidi F. Differences in motor imagery abilities in active and sedentary individuals: new insights from backward-walking imagination. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2024; 88:499-508. [PMID: 37773349 PMCID: PMC10858124 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-023-01876-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Evidence has shown that imagining a complex action, like backward-walking, helps improve the execution of the gesture. Despite this, studies in sport psychology have provided heterogeneous results on the use of motor imagery (MI) to improve performance. We aimed to fill this gap by analyzing how sport experience influences backward-walking MI processes in a sample of young women (n = 41, mean age = 21 ± 2.2) divided into Active and Sedentary. All participants were allocated to two randomized mental chronometric tasks, in which they had first to imagine and then execute forward-walking (FW) and backward-walking (BW). The Isochrony Efficiency measured the difference between imagination and execution times in both conditions (FW and BW). Moreover, we analyzed the ability to vividly imagine FW and BW within various perspectives in both groups through the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire (VMIQ-2). Findings showed that active individuals performed better in the BW imagery task when compared to sedentary ones (F1,39 = 4.98; p = 0.03*), while there were no differences between groups in the FW imagery task (F1,39 = .10; p = 0.75). Further, VMIQ-2 had evidenced that the ability to imagine backward is influenced by perspective used. Specifically, the use of internal visual imagery (IVI) led to worse Isochrony Efficiency (t32,25 = 2.16; p = 0.04*), while the use of kinesthetic imagery (KIN) led to better Isochrony Efficiency (t32,25 = - 2.34; p = 0.03*). These results suggest a close relation between motor experience and complex motor imagery processes and open new insights for studying these mental processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mandolesi
- Department of Humanities, "Federico II" University of Naples, Via Porta Di Massa, 1, 80133, Naples, Italy.
| | - Noemi Passarello
- Department of Humanities, "Federico II" University of Naples, Via Porta Di Massa, 1, 80133, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Lucidi
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Marsi, 78, 00185, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Agnelli M, Libeccio B, Frisoni MC, Bolzoni F, Temporiti F, Gatti R. Action observation plus motor imagery and somatosensory discrimination training are effective non-motor approaches to improve manual dexterity. J Hand Ther 2024; 37:94-100. [PMID: 37580196 DOI: 10.1016/j.jht.2023.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Action observation plus motor imagery (AOMI) and somatosensory discrimination training (SSDT) represent sensory input-based approaches to train the motor system without necessarily asking subjects to perform active movements. PURPOSE To investigate AOMI and SSDT effects compared to no intervention on manual dexterity in healthy subjects. STUDY DESIGN Randomized controlled study. METHODS Sixty healthy right-handed participants were randomized into AOMI, SSDT or Control (CTRL) groups. AOMI observed video-clips including right-hand dexterity tasks and concurrently performed motor imagery, SSDT performed surfaces recognition and 2-point distance discrimination tasks with the right hand, whereas CTRL underwent no intervention. A blinded physiotherapist assessed participants for manual dexterity using the Purdue Pegboard Test (Right hand-R, Left hand-L, Both hands-B, R+L+B and assembly tasks) at baseline (T0) and training end (T1). A mixed-design Analysis of Variance with Time as within-subject factor and Group as between-subject factor was used to investigate between-group differences over time. RESULTS A Time by Group interaction and Time effect were found for R task, which increased from T0 to T1 in all groups with very large effect sizes for SSDT (d = 1.8, CI95 2.4-1.0, P < .001) and AOMI (d = 1.7, CI95 2.5-1.0, P < .001) and medium effect size for CTRL (d = 0.6, CI95 1.2-0.2, P < .001). Between-group post-hoc comparison for deltas (T1-T0) showed large effect size (d = 1.0, CI95 1.6-0.3, P = .003) in favor of SSDT and medium effect size (d = 0.7, CI95 1.4-0.1, P = .026) in favor of AOMI compared to CTRL. Time effects were found for L, B, R + L + B and assembly tasks (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AOMI and SSDT induced greater manual dexterity improvements than no intervention. These findings supported the role of visual and somatosensory stimuli in building a motor plan and enhancing the accuracy of hand movements. These non-motor approaches may enhance motor performance in job or hobbies requiring marked manual dexterity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriana Agnelli
- Physiotherapy Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Benedetta Libeccio
- Physiotherapy Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Chiara Frisoni
- Physiotherapy Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Bolzoni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico Temporiti
- Physiotherapy Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Gatti
- Physiotherapy Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Familiarity and identification of everyday food odors in older adults and their influence on hedonic liking. Food Qual Prefer 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodqual.2022.104715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
6
|
Metais A, Muller CO, Boublay N, Breuil C, Guillot A, Daligault S, Di Rienzo F, Collet C, Krolak-Salmon P, Saimpont A. Anodal tDCS does not enhance the learning of the sequential finger-tapping task by motor imagery practice in healthy older adults. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1060791. [PMID: 36570544 PMCID: PMC9780548 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1060791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Motor imagery practice (MIP) and anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) are innovative methods with independent positive influence on motor sequence learning (MSL) in older adults. Objective The present study investigated the effect of MIP combined with a-tDCS over the primary motor cortex (M1) on the learning of a finger tapping sequence of the non-dominant hand in healthy older adults. Methods Thirty participants participated in this double-blind sham-controlled study. They performed three MIP sessions, one session per day over three consecutive days and a retention test 1 week after the last training session. During training / MIP, participants had to mentally rehearse an 8-element finger tapping sequence with their left hand, concomitantly to either real (a-tDCS group) or sham stimulation (sham-tDCS group). Before and after MIP, as well as during the retention test, participants had to physically perform the same sequence as fast and accurately as possible. Results Our main results showed that both groups (i) improved their performance during the first two training sessions, reflecting acquisition/on-line performance gains, (ii) stabilized their performance from one training day to another, reflecting off-line consolidation; as well as after 7 days without practice, reflecting retention, (iii) for all stages of MSL, there was no significant difference between the sham-tDCS and a-tDCS groups. Conclusion This study highlights the usefulness of MIP in motor sequence learning for older adults. However, 1.5 mA a-tDCS did not enhance the beneficial effects of MIP, which adds to the inconsistency of results found in tDCS studies. Future work is needed to further explore the best conditions of use of tDCS to improve motor sequence learning with MIP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angèle Metais
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, LIBM, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Camille O. Muller
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, LIBM, Villeurbanne, France,EuroMov Digital Health in Motion, Université Montpellier, IMT Mines Alès, Montpellier, France
| | - Nawale Boublay
- Centre de Recherche Clinique Vieillissement Cerveau - Fragilité, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Caroline Breuil
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, LIBM, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aymeric Guillot
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, LIBM, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sébastien Daligault
- Centre de Recherche Multimodal et Pluridisciplinaire en Imagerie du Vivant (CERMEP), Département de MagnétoEncéphalographie, Bron, France
| | - Franck Di Rienzo
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, LIBM, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christian Collet
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, LIBM, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Pierre Krolak-Salmon
- Centre de Recherche Clinique Vieillissement Cerveau - Fragilité, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Arnaud Saimpont
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, LIBM, Villeurbanne, France,*Correspondence: Arnaud Saimpont,
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Passarello N, Liparoti M, Padulo C, Sorrentino P, Alivernini F, Fairfield B, Lucidi F, Mandolesi L. Motor Imagery as a Key Factor for Healthy Ageing: A Review of New Insights and Techniques. Brain Sci 2022; 12:1492. [PMID: 36358418 PMCID: PMC9688582 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12111492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Motor imagery (MI) describes a dynamic cognitive process where a movement is mentally simulated without taking place and holds potential as a means of stimulating motor learning and regaining motor skills. There is growing evidence that imagined and executed actions have common neural circuitry. Since MI counteracts cognitive and motor decline, a growing interest in MI-based mental exercise for older individuals has emerged. Here we review the last decade's scientific literature on age-related changes in MI skills. Heterogeneity in the experimental protocols, as well as the use of populations with unrepresentative age, is making it challenging to draw unambiguous conclusions about MI skills preservation. Self-report and behavioural tasks have shown that some MI components are preserved, while others are impaired. Evidence from neuroimaging studies revealed that, during MI tasks, older individuals hyperactivate their sensorimotor and attentional networks. Some studies have argued that this represents a compensatory mechanism, others claim that this is a sign of cognitive decline. However, further studies are needed to establish whether MI could be used as a promotion factor to improve cognitive functioning and well-being in older people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Passarello
- Department of Humanities, Federico II University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Liparoti
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Caterina Padulo
- Department of Psychological, Health and Territorial Sciences, Gabriele d’Annunzio University of Chieti, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Sorrentino
- Institut de Neuroscience des Systemès, Aix-Marseille University, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Fabio Alivernini
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Beth Fairfield
- Department of Humanities, Federico II University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Lucidi
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, “Sapienza” University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Mandolesi
- Department of Humanities, Federico II University of Naples, 80138 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bek J, Humphries S, Poliakoff E, Brady N. Mental rotation of hands and objects in ageing and Parkinson's disease: differentiating motor imagery and visuospatial ability. Exp Brain Res 2022; 240:1991-2004. [PMID: 35680657 PMCID: PMC9288383 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-022-06389-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Motor imagery supports motor learning and performance and has the potential to be a useful strategy for neurorehabilitation. However, motor imagery ability may be impacted by ageing and neurodegeneration, which could limit its therapeutic effectiveness. Motor imagery can be assessed implicitly using a hand laterality task (HLT), whereby laterality judgements are slower for stimuli corresponding to physically more difficult postures, as indicated by a “biomechanical constraint” effect. Performance is also found to differ between back and palm views of the hand, which may differentially recruit visual and sensorimotor processes. Older adults and individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have shown altered performance on the HLT; however, the effects of both ageing and PD on laterality judgements for the different hand views (back and palm) have not been directly examined. The present study compared healthy younger, healthy older, and PD groups on the HLT, an object-based mental rotation task, and an explicit motor imagery measure. The older and PD groups were slower than the younger group on the HLT, particularly when judging laterality from the back view, and exhibited increased biomechanical constraint effects for the palm. While response times were generally similar between older and PD groups, the PD group showed reduced accuracy for the back view. Letter rotation was slower and less accurate only in the PD group, while explicit motor imagery ratings did not differ significantly between groups. These results suggest that motor imagery may be slowed but relatively preserved in both typical ageing and neurodegeneration, while a PD-specific impairment in visuospatial processing may influence task performance. The findings have implications for the use of motor imagery in rehabilitation protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Bek
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. .,Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Stacey Humphries
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ellen Poliakoff
- Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Nuala Brady
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Li X, Chen P, Yu X, Jiang N. Analysis of the Relationship Between Motor Imagery and Age-Related Fatigue for CNN Classification of the EEG Data. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:909571. [PMID: 35912081 PMCID: PMC9329804 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.909571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThe aging of the world population poses a major health challenge, and brain–computer interface (BCI) technology has the potential to provide assistance and rehabilitation for the elderly.ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the electroencephalogram (EEG) characteristics during motor imagery by comparing young and elderly, and study Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) classification for the elderly population in terms of fatigue analysis in both frontal and parietal regions.MethodsA total of 20 healthy individuals participated in the study, including 10 young and 10 older adults. All participants completed the left- and right-hand motor imagery experiment. The energy changes in the motor imagery process were analyzed using time–frequency graphs and quantified event-related desynchronization (ERD) values. The fatigue level of the motor imagery was assessed by two indicators: (θ + α)/β and θ/β, and fatigue-sensitive channels were distinguished from the parietal region of the brain. Then, rhythm entropy was introduced to analyze the complexity of the cognitive activity. The phase-lock values related to the parietal and frontal lobes were calculated, and their temporal synchronization was discussed. Finally, the motor imagery EEG data was classified by CNNs, and the accuracy was discussed based on the analysis results.ResultFor the young and elderly, ERD was observed in C3 and C4 channels, and their fatigue-sensitive channels in the parietal region were slightly different. During the experiment, the rhythm entropy of the frontal lobe showed a decreasing trend with time for most of the young subjects, while there was an increasing trend for most of the older ones. Using the CNN classification method, the elderly achieved around 70% of the average classification accuracy, which is almost the same for the young adults.ConclusionCompared with the young adults, the elderly are less affected by the level of cognitive fatigue during motor imagery, but the classification accuracy of motor imagery data in the elderly may be slightly lower than that in young persons. At the same time, the deep learning method also provides a potentially feasible option for the application of motor-imagery BCI (MI-BCI) in the elderly by considering the ERD and fatigue phenomenon together.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyun Li
- West China Biomedical Big Data Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Med-X Center for Manufacturing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Peng Chen
| | - Xi Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rehabilitation Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Med-X Center for Manufacturing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kaur J, Ghosh S, Singh P, Dwivedi AK, Sahani AK, Sinha JK. Cervical Spinal Lesion, Completeness of Injury, Stress, and Depression Reduce the Efficiency of Mental Imagery in People With Spinal Cord Injury. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2022; 101:513-519. [PMID: 35034059 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000001955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to assess the relationships of (1) clinical variables (age, level of injury, time since injury [TSI], and completeness of injury) and (2) psychological variables (stress and depression) with mental imagery ability in individuals with spinal cord injury. STUDY DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study. Participants with spinal cord injury (N = 130) were requested to fill the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire and Vividness of Motor Imagery Questionnaire. They also completed the Perceived Stress Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire 9 for the assessment of stress and depression, respectively. RESULTS Mental imagery scores were found to be significantly low in cervical injuries (P < 0.001) as compared with thoracic injuries (P < 0.001). Furthermore, higher levels of spinal injuries resulted in lower mental imagery scores. Completeness of injury (according to Asia Impairment Scale) also had a significant relationship (P < 0.001) with the mental imagery ability among spinal cord injury participants. Presence of stress (P < 0.001) and depression (P < 0.001) also associated with reduced efficiency of mental imagery in these individuals. CONCLUSIONS Injury type and psychological factors were associated with mental imagery in SCI patients. Imagery-based interventions should be designed after consideration of identified factors yielding effect on their outcomes. TO CLAIM CME CREDITS Complete the self-assessment activity and evaluation online at http://www.physiatry.org/JournalCME. CME OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this article, the reader should be able to: (1) Determine the impact of clinical variables such as level of injury, completeness and chronicity of injury on mental imagery ability in spinal cord injury; (2) Discuss the role of stress and depression on mental imagery ability in spinal cord injury; and (3) Describe the various dimensions of mental imagery ability and its variability among individuals who have spinal cord injury. LEVEL Advanced. ACCREDITATION The Association of Academic Physiatrists is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians.The Association of Academic Physiatrists designates this Journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaskirat Kaur
- From the Amity Institute of Neuropsychology & Neurosciences (AINN), Amity University UP, Noida, India (JK, JKS); Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, India (SG); All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (PS); Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, Texas (AKD); and Indian Spinal Injuries Centre (ISIC), Sector C, New Delhi, India (AKS)
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kotegawa K, Teramoto W. Association of executive function capacity with gait motor imagery ability and PFC activity: An fNIRS study. Neurosci Lett 2022; 766:136350. [PMID: 34785311 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Individual differences exist in gait motor imagery ability. However, little is known about the underlying neural mechanisms. We previously conducted a study using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS), which showed that participants who overestimated mental walking times to a greater degree exhibited greater activation in the right prefrontal cortex (PFC). The PFC is implicated in executive functions (EFs), including working memory (WM). Thus, this study investigated whether individual differences in EF capacity are associated with gait motor imagery ability and PFC activity. Thirty volunteers participated (mean age: 21.7 ± 1.8 years) in the study. Their EF capacity was assessed by the Trail Making Test - Part B (TMT-B). We measured the accuracy of gait motor imagery and PFC activity during mental walking using fNIRS, while changing task difficulty by varying the path width. The results showed that the overestimation of mental walking time over actual walking time and right PFC activity increased with an increase in the TMT-B times. These results suggest that the EF capacity, including WM, is strongly associated with gait motor imagery ability and right PFC activity. The brain network that includes the right PFC may play an important role in the maintenance and manipulation of gait motor imagery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Kotegawa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science, Kumamoto Health Science University, 325, Izumi, Kumamoto 861-5598, Japan; Graduate School of Social and Cultural Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-40-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
| | - Wataru Teramoto
- Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-40-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Normal Aging Affects the Short-Term Temporal Stability of Implicit, But Not Explicit, Motor Learning following Visuomotor Adaptation. eNeuro 2021; 8:ENEURO.0527-20.2021. [PMID: 34580156 PMCID: PMC8519305 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0527-20.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Normal aging is associated with a decline in memory and motor learning ability. However, the exact form of these impairments (e.g., the short-term temporal stability and affected learning mechanisms) is largely unknown. Here, we used a sensorimotor adaptation task to examine changes in the temporal stability of two forms of learning (explicit and implicit) because of normal aging. Healthy young subjects (age range, 19–28 years; 20 individuals) and older human subjects (age range, 63–85 years; 19 individuals) made reaching movements in response to altered visual feedback. On each trial, subjects turned a rotation dial to select an explicit aiming direction. Once selected, the display was removed and subjects moved the cursor from the start position to the target. After initial training with the rotational feedback perturbation, subjects completed a series of probe trials at different delay periods to systematically assess the short-term retention of learning. For both groups, the explicit aiming showed no significant decrease over 1.5 min. However, this was not the case for implicit learning; the decay pattern was markedly different between groups. Older subjects showed a linear decrease of the implicit component of adaptation over time, while young subjects showed an exponential decay over the same period (time constant, 25.61 s). Although older subjects adapted at a similar rate, these results suggest natural aging selectively impacts the short-term (seconds to minutes) temporal stability of implicit motor learning mechanisms. This understanding may provide a means to dissociate natural aging memory impairments from deficits caused by brain disorders that progress with aging.
Collapse
|
13
|
Individual differences in mental imagery in different modalities and levels of intentionality. Mem Cognit 2021; 50:29-44. [PMID: 34462893 PMCID: PMC8763825 DOI: 10.3758/s13421-021-01209-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Mental imagery is a highly common component of everyday cognitive functioning. While substantial progress is being made in clarifying this fundamental human function, much is still unclear or unknown. A more comprehensive account of mental imagery aspects would be gained by examining individual differences in age, sex, and background experience in an activity and their association with imagery in different modalities and intentionality levels. The current online study combined multiple imagery self-report measures in a sample (n = 279) with a substantial age range (18-65 years), aiming to identify whether age, sex, or background experience in sports, music, or video games were associated with aspects of imagery in the visual, auditory, or motor stimulus modality and voluntary or involuntary intentionality level. The findings show weak positive associations between age and increased vividness of voluntary auditory imagery and decreased involuntary musical imagery frequency, weak associations between being female and more vivid visual imagery, and relations of greater music and video game experience with higher involuntary musical imagery frequency. Moreover, all imagery stimulus modalities were associated with each other, for both intentionality levels, except involuntary musical imagery frequency, which was only related to higher voluntary auditory imagery vividness. These results replicate previous research but also contribute new insights, showing that individual differences in age, sex, and background experience are associated with various aspects of imagery such as modality, intentionality, vividness, and frequency. The study's findings can inform the growing domain of applications of mental imagery to clinical and pedagogical settings.
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Abstract
Neurofeedback (NF) is a versatile non-invasive neuromodulation technique. In combination with motor imagery (MI), NF has considerable potential for enhancing motor performance or supplementing motor rehabilitation. However, not all users achieve reliable NF control. While research has focused on various brain signal properties and the optimisation of signal processing to solve this issue, the impact of context, i.e. the conditions in which NF motor tasks occur, is comparatively unknown. We review current research on the impact of context on MI NF and related motor domains. We identify long-term factors that act at the level of the individual or of the intervention, and short-term factors, with levels before/after and during a session. The reviewed literature indicates that context plays a significant role. We propose considering context factors as well as within-level and across-level interactions when studying MI NF.
Collapse
|
15
|
Dylan RM, Charalambos P, Aymeric G, Florent L. Motor imagery and action observation following immobilization-induced hypoactivity: a narrative review. Ann Phys Rehabil Med 2021; 65:101541. [PMID: 34023499 DOI: 10.1016/j.rehab.2021.101541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In sports, the risk of pathology or event that leads to an injury, a cessation of practice or even to an immobilization is high. The subsequent reduction of physical activity, or hypoactivity, induces neural and muscular changes that adversely affect motor skills and functional motor rehabilitation. Because the implementation of physical practice is difficult, if not impossible, during and immediately following injury or immobilization, complementary techniques have been proposed to minimize the deleterious impact of hypoactivity on neuromuscular function. OBJECTIVE The current narrative review aimed to discuss the contributions of motor imagery and action observation, which enhance motor (re)learning and induce neural adaptations in both healthy individuals and injured athletes. METHODS Online literature research for studies of the effects of motor imagery, action observation and their combination on hypoactivity, extracting relevant publications within the last decade (2009-2020). RESULTS From published studies and the authors' knowledge of both motor imagery and action observation, some elements are provided for developing applied protocols during and after the immobilization period. Such interventions consist of associating congruent action observation with kinesthetic motor imagery of different movements, organized in increasing difficulty. The aim is to maintain motor functions and promote motor relearning by activating sensorimotor cortical areas and corticomotor pathways of the injured effector. CONCLUSION This narrative review supports the implementation of combined motor imagery and action observation protocols in the context of sports rehabilitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rannaud Monany Dylan
- Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice (CAPS), INSERM UMR1093, UFR STAPS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Papaxanthis Charalambos
- Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice (CAPS), INSERM UMR1093, UFR STAPS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Guillot Aymeric
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité EA 7424, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
| | - Lebon Florent
- Cognition, Action et Plasticité Sensorimotrice (CAPS), INSERM UMR1093, UFR STAPS, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kotegawa K, Yasumura A, Teramoto W. Changes in prefrontal cortical activation during motor imagery of precision gait with age and task difficulty. Behav Brain Res 2020; 399:113046. [PMID: 33279636 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2020.113046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that imagined walking ability decreases with age in a similar manner as actual walking ability; however, little is known about the neural mechanisms underlying this aging effect. The present study investigates this issue, focusing on the effect of task difficulty and the involvement of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Twenty healthy right-handed older adults (mean age 74.5 ± 3.3 years) participated in two experiments. In Experiment 1, the time participants took for actual and imagined walking along a 5-m walkway of three different path widths (15, 25, and 50 cm) were compared. In Experiment 2, the participants imagined walking along the aforementioned paths while PFC activity was measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy. At the behavioral level, older adults exhibited longer mental and actual walking times for narrower paths and tended to overestimate their imagined walking times over their actual ones. However, overall, the magnitude of the overestimation did not differ by task difficulty. Regarding brain activity, older adults who overestimated mental walking times to a greater degree in the narrowest path exhibited decreased activation in the bilateral PFC. Moreover, compared with young adults in our previous study (Kotegawa et al., 2020), older adults with higher gait ability exhibited the same or smaller mental/actual walking times as well as decreased bilateral PFC activation in the most difficult condition. These results suggest that older adults, especially those with higher gait ability, can utilize neural mechanisms that are different from those of young adults when generating gait motor imagery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Kotegawa
- Department of Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Science, Kumamoto Health Science University, 325, Izumi Kumamoto, 861-5598 Japan; Graduate School of Social and Cultural Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-40-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto, 860-8555 Japan.
| | - Akira Yasumura
- Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-40-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto, 860-8555 Japan
| | - Wataru Teramoto
- Graduate School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Kumamoto University, 2-40-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto, 860-8555 Japan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kruse A, Suica Z, Taeymans J, Schuster-Amft C. Effect of brain-computer interface training based on non-invasive electroencephalography using motor imagery on functional recovery after stroke - a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Neurol 2020; 20:385. [PMID: 33092554 PMCID: PMC7584076 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-020-01960-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Training with brain-computer interface (BCI) technology in the rehabilitation of patients after a stroke is rapidly developing. Numerous RCT investigated the effects of BCI training (BCIT) on recovery of motor and brain function in patients after stroke. Methods A systematic literature search was performed in Medline, IEEE Xplore Digital Library, Cochrane library, and Embase in July 2018 and was repeated in March 2019. RCT or controlled clinical trials that included BCIT for improving motor and brain recovery in patients after a stroke were identified. Data were meta-analysed using the random-effects model. Standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence (95%CI) and 95% prediction interval (95%PI) were calculated. A meta-regression was performed to evaluate the effects of covariates on the pooled effect-size. Results In total, 14 studies, including 362 patients after ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke (cortical, subcortical, 121 females; mean age 53.0+/− 5.8; mean time since stroke onset 15.7+/− 18.2 months) were included. Main motor recovery outcome measure used was the Fugl-Meyer Assessment. Quantitative analysis showed that a BCI training compared to conventional therapy alone in patients after stroke was effective with an SMD of 0.39 (95%CI: 0.17 to 0.62; 95%PI of 0.13 to 0.66) for motor function recovery of the upper extremity. An SMD of 0.41 (95%CI: − 0.29 to 1.12) for motor function recovery of the lower extremity was found. BCI training enhanced brain function recovery with an SMD of 1.11 (95%CI: 0.64 to 1.59; 95%PI ranging from 0.33 to 1.89). Covariates such as training duration, impairment level of the upper extremity, and the combination of both did not show significant effects on the overall pooled estimate. Conclusion This meta-analysis showed evidence that BCI training added to conventional therapy may enhance motor functioning of the upper extremity and brain function recovery in patients after a stroke. We recommend a standardised evaluation of motor imagery ability of included patients and the assessment of brain function recovery should consider neuropsychological aspects (attention, concentration). Further influencing factors on motor recovery due to BCI technology might consider factors such as age, lesion type and location, quality of performance of motor imagery, or neuropsychological aspects. Trial Registration PROSPERO registration: CRD42018105832. Supplementary information Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s12883-020-01960-5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antje Kruse
- Department of Health Professions, Bern University Applied Science, Schwarztorstrasse 48, 3007, Bern, Switzerland.,Private Practice, Baslerstrasse 60, 4102, Binningen, Switzerland
| | - Zorica Suica
- Research Department, Reha Rheinfelden, Salinenstrasse 98, 4310, Rheinfelden, Switzerland
| | - Jan Taeymans
- Department of Health Professions, Bern University Applied Science, Schwarztorstrasse 48, 3007, Bern, Switzerland.,Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Corina Schuster-Amft
- Research Department, Reha Rheinfelden, Salinenstrasse 98, 4310, Rheinfelden, Switzerland. .,Department of Engineering and Information Technology, Pestalozzistrasse 20, 3401, Burgdorf, Switzerland. .,Department of Sport, Exercise and Health, University of Basel, Birsstrasse 320 B, 4052, Basel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zapparoli L, Seghezzi S, Sacheli LM, Verga C, Banfi G, Paulesu E. Eyes wide shut: How visual cues affect brain patterns of simulated gait. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 41:4248-4263. [PMID: 32639101 PMCID: PMC7502842 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last 20 years, motor imagery (MI) has been extensively used to train motor abilities in sport and in rehabilitation. However, MI procedures are not all alike as much as their potential beneficiaries. Here we assessed whether the addition of visual cues could make MI performance more comparable with explicit motor performance in gait tasks. With fMRI we also explored the neural correlates of these experimental manipulations. We did this in elderly subjects who are known to rely less on kinesthetic information while favoring visual strategies during motor performance. Contrary to expectations, we found that the temporal coupling between execution and imagery times, an index of the quality of MI, was less precise when participants were allowed to visually explore the environment. While the brain activation patterns of the gait motor circuits were very similar in both an open‐eyed and eye‐shut virtual walking MI task, these differed for a vast temporo‐occipito‐parietal additional activation for open‐eyed MI. Crucially, the higher was the activity in this posterior network, the less accurate was the MI performance with eyes open at a clinical test of gait. We conclude that both visually‐cued and internally‐cued MI are associated with the neurofunctional activation of a gait specific motor system. The less precise behavioral coupling between imagined and executed gait while keeping eyes open may be attributed to the processing load implied in visual monitoring and scanning of the environment. The implications of these observations for rehabilitation of gait with MI are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Zapparoli
- Psychology Department & Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.,fMRI Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Seghezzi
- Psychology Department & Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.,PhD Program in Neuroscience of School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Lucia Maria Sacheli
- Psychology Department & Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.,fMRI Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Verga
- Psychology Department & Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- fMRI Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy.,School of Medicine, San Raffaele Vita e Salute University, Milan, Italy
| | - Eraldo Paulesu
- Psychology Department & Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.,fMRI Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Imagining handwriting movements in a usual or unusual position: effect of posture congruency on visual and kinesthetic motor imagery. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2020; 85:2237-2247. [PMID: 32743730 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-020-01399-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Motor imagery has been used in training programs to improve the performance of motor skills. Handwriting movement may benefit from motor imagery training. To optimize the efficacy of this kind of training, it is important to identify the factors that facilitate the motor imagery process for handwriting movements. Several studies have shown that motor imagery is more easily achieved when there is maximum compatibility between the actual posture and the imagined movement. We, therefore, examined the effect of posture congruency on visual and kinesthetic motor imagery for handwriting movements. Adult participants had to write and imagine writing a sentence by focusing on the evocation of either the kinesthetic or visual consequences of the motion. Half the participants performed the motor imagery task in a congruent posture (sitting with a hand ready for writing), and half in an incongruent one (standing with arms crossed behind the back and fingers spread wide). The temporal similarity between actual and imagined movement times and the vividness of the motor imagery were evaluated. Results revealed that temporal similarity was stronger in the congruent posture condition than in the incongruent one. Furthermore, in the incongruent posture condition, participants reported greater difficulty forming a precise kinesthetic motor image of themselves writing than a visual image, whereas no difference was observed in the congruent posture condition. Taken together, our results show that postural information is taken into account during the mental simulation of handwriting movements. The implications of these findings for guiding the design of motor imagery training are discussed.
Collapse
|
20
|
Fuchs CT, Becker K, Austin E, Tamplain P. Accuracy and Vividness in Motor Imagery Ability: Differences between Children and Young Adults. Dev Neuropsychol 2020; 45:297-308. [PMID: 32633136 DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2020.1788034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Motor imagery (MI) refers to the imagination of a motor task without actual movement execution. The purpose of this study was to compare MI accuracy and vividness, and motor proficiency between children (n = 101; 7-12 years) and young adults (n = 140; 18-25 years). Results indicated that young adults were significantly more accurate and rated their MI significantly more vivid than children. For MI accuracy, between-subject effects showed that young adults had higher scores than children on three of the four subscales and the action subscale significantly predicted motor proficiency. These findings indicate that MI ability continues to develop into adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chadwick T Fuchs
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Kevin Becker
- School of Health Promotion and Kinesiology, Texas Woman's University , Denton, TX, USA
| | - Erin Austin
- Department of Psychology, University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Priscila Tamplain
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas at Arlington , Arlington, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Activity in the prefrontal cortex during motor imagery of precision gait: an fNIRS study. Exp Brain Res 2019; 238:221-228. [DOI: 10.1007/s00221-019-05706-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
22
|
Sakai K, Ikeda Y. Clinical assessment of motor imagery and physical function in mild stroke patients. J Phys Ther Sci 2019; 31:992-996. [PMID: 32038070 PMCID: PMC6893160 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.31.992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] The aim of this study was to clarify whether the motor imagery of walking and
physical function are related in mild hemiplegic stroke patients. [Participants and
Methods] Sixteen mild hemiplegic stroke patients were included in this study. We evaluated
motor imagery with a 10-m walking, the estimation error and the kinesthetic and visual
imagery questionnaire. Physical function was evaluated with the actual 10-m walk test
time, Brunnstrom recovery stage, stroke impairment assessment set, and functional
independent measure. The correlation coefficient was calculated using Spearman’s
correlation coefficient for all evaluation methods. [Results] The 10-m walking motor
imagery took an average of 23.36 ± 22.14 s. The actual 10-m walk test averaged 24.87 ±
21.41 s. The 10-m walking motor imagery and the 10-m walking
speed were significantly correlated. There was a significant correlation between the 10-m
walking motor imagery and the Brunnstrom recovery stage, stroke impairment assessment set,
and functional independent measure. There were no significant correlations between the
estimation error and all the assessments. [Conclusion] These results show that the motor
imagery of walking is related to physical function in mild hemiplegic stroke patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuya Sakai
- Tokyo Metropolitan University Graduate School of Human Health Sciences: 7-2-10 Higashiogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo 116-8551, Japan
| | - Yumi Ikeda
- Tokyo Metropolitan University Graduate School of Human Health Sciences: 7-2-10 Higashiogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo 116-8551, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Imagery Ability and Imagery Perspective Preference: A Study of Their Relationship and Age- and Gender-Related Changes. Behav Neurol 2019; 2019:7536957. [PMID: 31467614 PMCID: PMC6701277 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7536957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined if imagery ability (i.e., vividness and temporal congruence between imagined and executed knee extensions) and imagery perspective preference were affected by ageing and gender. Ninety-four participants, 31 young, 43 intermediate, and 20 older adults completed the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire-2 and a knee extension temporal congruence test to reflect on their imagery ability and an imagery perspective preference test. Male participants had a better imagery ability than the female participants (F (4, 85) = 2.84, p = .029, η2 = .118). However, significant age-related changes in imagery ability were not found in the three age groups. Change in imagery perspective preference with a trend towards an external imagery perspective was observed with ageing (F (3, 89) = 3.16, p = .028, η2 = .096) but not between male and female. The results suggest that imagery ability may be preserved with ageing. As individuals age, their preference for using an imagery perspective shifts from a more internal to a more external perspective. This understanding is important when designing future imagery research and real-life application or clinical intervention.
Collapse
|
24
|
Storm V, Utesch T. Mental Practice Ability Among Stroke Survivors: Investigation of Gender and Age. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1568. [PMID: 31354579 PMCID: PMC6635821 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Mental practice refers to the imaginary representation of a motor action. Mental practice interventions are frequently used among stroke survivors to improve motor function. Individual characteristics that may determine whether a person is able to mentally perform a specific movement have been mainly spared in research. Aims: The aim of the present study is to examine whether gender and age are related to mental practice ability. Methods: The study has a cross-sectional design. Data collection was done via self-report questionnaires on mental practice ability, sociodemographic information, and perceived stroke impact. Data analysis was conducted in R using descriptive statistics and regression analysis. N = 44 stroke survivors (M = 65.8 years, SD = 11.4, range 48–88), n = 19 of which were female were recruited in two German neurologic rehabilitation facilities. Results: Age (β = −0.13, p = 0.057) and gender (β = 0.17, p = 0.260) were not associated with mental practice ability, when controlling for time since stroke and perceived stroke impact (Stroke Impact Scale). Perceived stroke impact was significantly related to mental practice ability (β = 0.44, p = 0.004). Those who reported less stroke impact showed better mental practice ability. Conclusion: Mental practice ability may be preserved in stroke patients, irrespective of age and gender. We report cross-sectional data on mental practice ability in this study, thus the direction of the relationship between mental practice ability and perceived stroke impact is of interest. Future studies should aim at using a longitudinal design and bigger sample sizes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Storm
- Department of Sport and Exercise Psychology, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Till Utesch
- Department of Sport and Exercise Psychology, Institute of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Santoro S, Lo Buono V, Corallo F, Cartella E, Micchia K, Palmeri R, Arcadi FA, Bramanti A, Marino S. Motor imagery in stroke patients: a descriptive review on a multidimensional ability. Int J Neurosci 2019; 129:821-832. [DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2019.1567509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Santoro
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Department of Neurobioimaging, Messina, Italy
| | - Viviana Lo Buono
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Department of Neurobioimaging, Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Corallo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Department of Neurobioimaging, Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuele Cartella
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Department of Neurobioimaging, Messina, Italy
| | - Katia Micchia
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Department of Neurobioimaging, Messina, Italy
| | - Rosanna Palmeri
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Department of Neurobioimaging, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Alessia Bramanti
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Department of Neurobioimaging, Messina, Italy
| | - Silvia Marino
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Department of Neurobioimaging, Messina, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Alves SS, Ocamoto GN, de Camargo PS, Santos ATS, Terra AMSV. Effects of virtual reality and motor imagery techniques using Fugl Meyer Assessment scale in post-stroke patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERAPY AND REHABILITATION 2018. [DOI: 10.12968/ijtr.2018.25.11.587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suélen Santos Alves
- Physiotherapist, Neurofunctional Physical Therapy Laboratory, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Nagai Ocamoto
- Physiotherapist, Neurofunctional Physical Therapy Laboratory, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Silva de Camargo
- Physiotherapist, Neurofunctional Physical Therapy Laboratory, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adriana Teresa Silva Santos
- Teacher, Neurofunctional Physical Therapy Laboratory, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Rulleau T, Robin N, Abou-Dest A, Chesnet D, Toussaint L. Does the Improvement of Position Sense Following Motor Imagery Practice Vary as a Function of Age and Time of Day? Exp Aging Res 2018; 44:443-454. [PMID: 30300100 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2018.1521496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The effectiveness of motor imagery practice is known to depend on age and on the ability to form motor images. In the same individual, motor imagery quality changes during the day, being better late in the morning for older adults and in the afternoon for younger adults. Does this mean that motor imagery practice should be done at specific time of the day depending on the age of participants to maximize motor learning? To examine whether the effect of motor imagery practice varies as a function of time of day and age, the authors used an arm configuration reproduction task and measured position sense accuracy before and after 135 kinesthetic motor imagery trials. Younger and older participants were randomly assigned to either a morning or an afternoon session. Data showed that the accuracy for reproducing arm configurations improved following imagery practice regardless of time of day for both younger and older adults. Moreover, the authors observed that the position sense was less accurate in the afternoon than in the morning in older participants (before and after motor imagery practice), while performance did not change during the day in younger participants. These results may have practical implications in motor learning and functional rehabilitation programs. They highlight the effectiveness of motor imagery practice for movement accuracy in both younger and older adults regardless of time of day. By contrast, they reveal that the assessment of position sense requires that the time of day be taken into account when practitioners want to report on the older patients' progress without making any mistakes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Rulleau
- a Université de Poitiers, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA, UMR 7295) , Poitiers , France.,b Unité de Recherche Clinique , Centre Hospitalier Départemental de La Roche sur Yon , La Roche sur Yon , France
| | - Nicolas Robin
- c Faculté des Sciences du Sport de Pointe-à-Pitre , Université des Antilles; Laboratoire "Adaptation au Climat Tropical, Exercice & Santé" (EA 3596) , Point-à-Pitre , France
| | - Amira Abou-Dest
- a Université de Poitiers, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA, UMR 7295) , Poitiers , France
| | - David Chesnet
- d Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de la Société (MSHS, USR 3565) , Poitiers , France
| | - Lucette Toussaint
- a Université de Poitiers, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA, UMR 7295) , Poitiers , France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Subirats L, Allali G, Briansoulet M, Salle J, Perrochon A. Age and gender differences in motor imagery. J Neurol Sci 2018; 391:114-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2018.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
29
|
Toriyama H, Ushiba J, Ushiyama J. Subjective Vividness of Kinesthetic Motor Imagery Is Associated With the Similarity in Magnitude of Sensorimotor Event-Related Desynchronization Between Motor Execution and Motor Imagery. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 12:295. [PMID: 30108492 PMCID: PMC6079198 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of psychology, it has been well established that there are two types of motor imagery such as kinesthetic motor imagery (KMI) and visual motor imagery (VMI), and the subjective evaluation for vividness of motor imagery each differs across individuals. This study aimed to examine how the motor imagery ability assessed by the psychological scores is associated with the physiological measure using electroencephalogram (EEG) sensorimotor rhythm during KMI task. First, 20 healthy young individuals evaluated subjectively how vividly they can perform each of KMI and VMI by using the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ). We assessed their motor imagery abilities by summing each of KMI and VMI scores in KVIQ (KMItotal and VMItotal). Second, in physiological experiments, they repeated two strengths (10 and 40% of maximal effort) of isometric voluntary wrist-dorsiflexion. Right after each contraction, they also performed its KMI. The scalp EEGs over the sensorimotor cortex were recorded during the tasks. The EEG power is known to decrease in the alpha-and-beta band (7–35 Hz) from resting state to performing state of voluntary contraction (VC) or motor imagery. This phenomenon is referred to as event-related desynchronization (ERD). For each strength of the tasks, we calculated the maximal peak of ERD during VC, and that during its KMI, and measured the degree of similarity (ERDsim) between them. The results showed significant negative correlations between KMItotal and ERDsim for both strengths (p < 0.05) (i.e., the higher the KMItotal, the smaller the ERDsim). These findings suggest that in healthy individuals with higher motor imagery ability from a first-person perspective, KMI efficiently engages the shared cortical circuits corresponding with motor execution, including the sensorimotor cortex, with high compliance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hisato Toriyama
- Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Junichi Ushiba
- Department of Biosciences and Informatics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Japan.,Keio Institute of Pure and Applied Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Junichi Ushiyama
- Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Seeing action simulation as it unfolds: The implicit effects of action scenes on muscle contraction evidenced through the use of a grip-force sensor. Neuropsychologia 2018; 114:231-242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2018.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
31
|
Nakano H, Kodama T, Ukai K, Kawahara S, Horikawa S, Murata S. Reliability and Validity of the Japanese Version of the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ). Brain Sci 2018; 8:brainsci8050079. [PMID: 29724042 PMCID: PMC5977070 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci8050079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to (1) translate the English version of the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ), which assesses motor imagery ability, into Japanese, and (2) investigate the reliability and validity of the Japanese KVIQ. We enrolled 28 healthy adults in this study. We used Cronbach’s alpha coefficients to assess reliability reflected by the internal consistency. Additionally, we assessed validity reflected by the criterion-related validity between the Japanese KVIQ and the Japanese version of the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-Revised (MIQ-R) with Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the KVIQ-20 were 0.88 (Visual) and 0.91 (Kinesthetic), which indicates high reliability. There was a significant positive correlation between the Japanese KVIQ-20 (Total) and the Japanese MIQ-R (Total) (r = 0.86, p < 0.01). Our results suggest that the Japanese KVIQ is an assessment that is a reliable and valid index of motor imagery ability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Nakano
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Kyoto Tachibana University, 34 Yamada-cho, Oyake, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto-city, Kyoto 607-8175, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Kodama
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Kyoto Tachibana University, 34 Yamada-cho, Oyake, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto-city, Kyoto 607-8175, Japan.
| | - Kazumasa Ukai
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Kyoto Tachibana University, 34 Yamada-cho, Oyake, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto-city, Kyoto 607-8175, Japan.
| | - Satoru Kawahara
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Kyoto Tachibana University, 34 Yamada-cho, Oyake, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto-city, Kyoto 607-8175, Japan.
| | - Shiori Horikawa
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Kyoto Tachibana University, 34 Yamada-cho, Oyake, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto-city, Kyoto 607-8175, Japan.
| | - Shin Murata
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Kyoto Tachibana University, 34 Yamada-cho, Oyake, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto-city, Kyoto 607-8175, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Marusic U, Grosprêtre S. Non-physical approaches to counteract age-related functional deterioration: Applications for rehabilitation and neural mechanisms. Eur J Sport Sci 2018; 18:639-649. [PMID: 29557276 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1447018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Normal and pathological ageing are associated with several motor impairments that reduce quality of life and represent a general challenge for public healthcare systems. Consequently, over the past decades, many scientists and physiotherapists dedicated their research to the development and improvement of safe and costless methods to counteract the progressive decline of motor functions with age. The urgency of finding new and easy to implement methods is even more paramount in case of acute pathologies (e.g. stroke or hip surgery). The frailty of older population makes it difficult or even impossible to use traditional physical therapy at an early stage after the occurrence of a pathology. To that purpose, non-physical approaches such as cognitive training (e.g. memory, attention training) and mental techniques (e.g. motor imagery) have grown in popularity for the elderly. Such methods, involving individual and/or group exercises, have shown particular effects on increasing or maintaining cognitive functions, as well as physical performances. Improving the motor function (especially in older age) requires an improvement of motor execution, i.e. the pathway from the brain motor areas to the muscle but also higher cognitive control. The present work reviews different non-physical interventions that can be used as a complementary approach by asymptomatic or frail older adults, and the effects thereof on functional performance. The use of cognitive training or motor imagery protocols is recommended when physical practice is limited or not possible. Finally, insights into the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms are proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uros Marusic
- a Institute for Kinesiology Research, Science and Research Centre Koper , Koper , Slovenia (EU).,b Department of Health Sciences , Alma Mater Europaea - ECM , Maribor , Slovenia (EU).,c Department of Kinesiology and Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences , University of Primorska , Izola , Slovenia (EU)
| | - Sidney Grosprêtre
- d EA4660, C3S Culture Sport Health Society, Université de Franche - Comté , Besançon , France (EU)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kuehn E, Perez-Lopez MB, Diersch N, Döhler J, Wolbers T, Riemer M. Embodiment in the aging mind. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 86:207-225. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
34
|
Zdziarski-Horodyski L, Horodyski M, Sadasivan KK, Hagen J, Vasilopoulos T, Patrick M, Guenther R, Vincent HK. An integrated-delivery-of-care approach to improve patient reported physical function and mental wellbeing after orthopedic trauma: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2018; 19:32. [PMID: 29325583 PMCID: PMC5765655 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-017-2430-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orthopedic trauma injury impacts nearly 2.8 million people each year. Despite surgical improvements and excellent survivorship rates, many patients experience poor quality of life (QOL) outcomes years later. Psychological distress commonly occurs after injury. Distressed patients more frequently experience rehospitalizations, pain medication dependence, and low QOL. This study was developed to test whether an integrative care approach (IntCare; ten-step program of emotional support, education, customized resources, and medical care) was superior to usual care (UsCare). The primary aim was to assess patient functional QOL (objective and patient-reported outcomes) with secondary objectives encompassing emotional wellbeing and hospital outcomes. The primary outcome was the Lower Extremity Gain Scale score. METHODS/DESIGN A single-blinded, single-center, repeated measures, randomized controlled study is being conducted with 112 orthopedic trauma patients aged 18-85 years. Patients randomized to the IntCare group have completed or are receiving a guided ten-step support program during acute care and at follow-up outpatient visits. The UsCare group is being provided the standard of care. Patient-reported outcomes and objective functional measures are collected at the hospital and at weeks 2, 6, and 12 and months 6 and 12 post surgery. The main study outcomes are changes in Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) questionnaires of Physical Function quality of life, Satisfaction with Social Roles, and Positive-Illness Impact, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Check List, and the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia-11 from baseline to month 12. Secondary outcomes are changes in objective functional measures of the Lower Extremity Gain Scale, handgrip strength, and range of motion of major joints from week 2 to month 12 post surgery. Clinical outcomes include hospital length of stay, medical complications, rehospitalizations, psychological measures, and use of pain medications. A mixed model repeated measures approach assesses the main effects of treatment and time on outcomes, as well as their interaction (treatment × time). DISCUSSION The results from this study will help determine whether an integrative care approach during recovery from traumatic orthopedic injury can improve the patient perceptions of physical function and emotional wellbeing compared to usual trauma care. Additionally, this study will assess the ability to reduce the incidence or severity of psychological distress and mitigate medical complications, readmissions, and reduction of QOL after injury. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02591472 . Registered on 28 October 2015.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - MaryBeth Horodyski
- Departments of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Kalia K Sadasivan
- Departments of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Jennifer Hagen
- Departments of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Terrie Vasilopoulos
- Departments of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA.,Departments of Anesthesia, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Matthew Patrick
- Departments of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Robert Guenther
- Departments of Clinical Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA
| | - Heather K Vincent
- Departments of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32608, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Thomschewski A, Ströhlein A, Langthaler PB, Schmid E, Potthoff J, Höller P, Leis S, Trinka E, Höller Y. Imagine There Is No Plegia. Mental Motor Imagery Difficulties in Patients with Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury. Front Neurosci 2017; 11:689. [PMID: 29311771 PMCID: PMC5732245 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2017.00689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In rehabilitation of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI), imagination of movement is a candidate tool to promote long-term recovery or to control futuristic neuroprostheses. However, little is known about the ability of patients with spinal cord injury to perform this task. It is likely that without the ability to effectively perform the movement, the imagination of movement is also problematic. We therefore examined, whether patients with SCI experience increased difficulties in motor imagery (MI) compared to healthy controls. We examined 7 male patients with traumatic spinal cord injury (aged 23–70 years, median 53) and 20 healthy controls (aged 21–54 years, median 30). All patients had incomplete SCI, with AIS (ASIA Impairment Scale) grades of C or D. All had cervical lesions, except one who had a thoracic injury level. Duration after injury ranged from 3 to 314 months. We performed the Movement Imagery Questionnaire Revised as well as the Beck Depression Inventory in all participants. The self-assessed ability of patients to visually imagine movements ranged from 7 to 36 (Md = 30) and tended to be decreased in comparison to healthy controls (ranged 16–49, Md = 42.5; W = 326.5, p = 0.055). Also, the self-assessed ability of patients to kinesthetically imagine movements (range = 7–35, Md = 31) differed significantly from the control group (range = 23–49, Md = 41; W = 337.5, p = 0.0047). Two patients yielded tendencies for depressive mood and they also reported most problems with movement imagination. Statistical analysis however did not confirm a general relationship between depressive mood and increased difficulty in MI across both groups. Patients with spinal cord injury seem to experience difficulties in imagining movements compared to healthy controls. This result might not only have implications for training and rehabilitation programs, but also for applications like brain-computer interfaces used to control neuroprostheses, which are often based on the brain signals exhibited during the imagination of movements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aljoscha Thomschewski
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.,Department of Psychology, Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Anja Ströhlein
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Patrick B Langthaler
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.,Department of Mathematics, Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Schmid
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.,Department of Psychology, Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jonas Potthoff
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Peter Höller
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Stefan Leis
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Eugen Trinka
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Spinal Cord Injury and Tissue Regeneration Center Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.,Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Yvonne Höller
- Department of Neurology, Christian Doppler Medical Center, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Department of Psychology, Paris-Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.,Center for Cognitive Neuroscience Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Goudarzian M, Ghavi S, Shariat A, Shirvani H, Rahimi M. Effects of whole body vibration training and mental training on mobility, neuromuscular performance, and muscle strength in older men. J Exerc Rehabil 2017; 13:573-580. [PMID: 29114533 PMCID: PMC5667605 DOI: 10.12965/jer.1735024.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the effects of whole body vibration (WBV) exercise, mental training (MT), and the concurrent effect of WBV and MT on lower body balance, neuromuscular performance, and leg muscle strength in elderly men. In a randomized control trial study with parallel group design, 42 older men (mean±standard deviation age, 68±5.78 years) were randomly divided into four groups: WBV (n=11), MT (n=12), WBV+MT (n=10), and control (n=9) groups. The protocol of training consisted of three sessions per week for 8 weeks and about 30 min for each session. The WBV exercise was performed on a vibration machine. In MT group, participants were asked to mentally visualize to do the Timed Up and Go and relaxation technics. postural stability, the Timed Up and Go test, 5-repetition chair-rising test, 6-m tandem gait test, 10-m walking, and leg isometric strength were measured in baseline and after 8-week intervention. Repeated measures-analysis of variance followed by post hoc was used to analyses the data. The results of this study showed that there were significant improvements (P<0.05) in postural stability, Timed Up and Go, 5-repetition chair-rising, 6-m tandem gait test, 10-m walking, and leg isometric strength in WBV, MT, and WBV+MT in comparison with baseline and in comparison with control group. It seems that older adults can take benefit from WBV and MT and WBV+MT exercise as a cost-effective and practical way without side effects to improve postural control, mobility, and functional performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Goudarzian
- Iranian Research Center on Healthy Aging, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Samira Ghavi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Semnan, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ardalan Shariat
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Shirvani
- Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Rahimi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Peixoto Pinto T, Mello Russo Ramos M, Lemos T, Domingues Vargas C, Imbiriba LA. Is heart rate variability affected by distinct motor imagery strategies? Physiol Behav 2017; 177:189-195. [PMID: 28476285 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Although some studies have reported significant changes in autonomic responses according to the perspective-taking during motor imagery [first person perspective (1P) and third person perspective (3P)], investigations on how the strategies adopted to mentally simulate a given movement affect the heart rate variability (HRV) seem so far unexplored. Twenty healthy subjects mentally simulated the movement of middle-finger extension in 1P and 3P, while electrocardiogram was recorded. After each task, the level of easiness was self-reported. Motor imagery ability was also assessed through the revised version of Movement Imagery Questionnaire (MIQ-R) and a mental chronometry index. The traditional measures of HRV in the time- and frequency-domain were compared between 1P and 3P tasks by using Student's t-test for dependent samples. The MIQ-R results showed that subjects had the same facility to imagine movements in 1P or 3P. The mental chronometry index revealed a similar temporal course only between 1P and execution, while the 3P strategy had a shorter duration. Additionally, the subjective report was similar between the experimental tasks. Regarding the HRV measures, the low frequency component, in log-transformed unit, was significantly higher (p=0.017) in 1P than 3P, suggesting a higher activity of the sympathetic system during 1P. This log-transformed HRV parameter seems to be more sensitive than normalized values for the assessment of the motor imagery ability, together with questionnaires, scales and mental chronometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Talita Peixoto Pinto
- Núcleo de Estudos do Movimento Humano (NEMoH), Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratorio di Ingegneria del Sistema Neuromuscolare (LISiN), Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy.
| | - Maitê Mello Russo Ramos
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia II, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thiago Lemos
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia II, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Claudia Domingues Vargas
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia II, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luis Aureliano Imbiriba
- Núcleo de Estudos do Movimento Humano (NEMoH), Escola de Educação Física e Desportos, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Liepert J, Büsching I, Sehle A, Schoenfeld MA. Mental chronometry and mental rotation abilities in stroke patients with different degrees of sensory deficit. Restor Neurol Neurosci 2016; 34:907-914. [PMID: 27689548 DOI: 10.3233/rnn-160640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motor imagery is used for treatment of motor deficits after stroke. Clinical observations suggested that motor imagery abilities might be reduced in patients with severe sensory deficits. This study investigated the influence of somatosensory deficits on temporal (mental chronometry, MC) and spatial aspects of motor imagery abilities. METHODS Stroke patients (n = 70; <6 months after stroke) were subdivided into 3 groups according to their somatosensory functions. Group 1 (n = 31) had no sensory deficits, group 2 (n = 27) had a mild to moderate sensory impairment and group 3 (n = 12) had severe sensory deficits. Patients and a healthy age-matched control group (n = 23) participated in a mental chronometry task (Box and Block Test, BBT) and a mental rotation task (Hand Identification Test, HIT). MC abilities were expressed as a ratio (motor execution time-motor imagery time/motor execution time). RESULTS MC for the affected hand was significantly impaired in group 3 in comparison to stroke patients of group 1 (p = 0.006), group 2 (p = 0.005) and healthy controls (p < 0.001). For the non-affected hand MC was similar across all groups. Stroke patients had a slower BBT motor execution than healthy controls (p < 0.001), and group 1 executed the task faster than group 3 (p = 0.002). The percentage of correct responses in the HIT was similar for all groups. CONCLUSION Severe sensory deficits impair mental chronometry abilities but have no impact on mental rotation abilities. Future studies should explore whether the presence of severe sensory deficits in stroke patients reduces the benefit from motor imagery therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Liepert
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Kliniken Schmieder, Allensbach, Germany
| | - Imke Büsching
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Kliniken Schmieder, Allensbach, Germany
| | - Aida Sehle
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Kliniken Schmieder, Allensbach, Germany
| | - Mircea Ariel Schoenfeld
- Department of Behavioural Neurology, Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, Magdeburg, Germany.,Department of Neurology, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Simultaneous EEG-fNIRS reveals how age and feedback affect motor imagery signatures. Neurobiol Aging 2016; 49:183-197. [PMID: 27818001 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2016.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Stroke frequently results in motor impairment. Motor imagery (MI), the mental practice of movements, has been suggested as a promising complement to other therapeutic approaches facilitating motor rehabilitation. Of particular potential is the combination of MI with neurofeedback (NF). However, MI NF protocols have been largely optimized only in younger healthy adults, although strokes occur more frequently in older adults. The present study examined the influence of age on the neural correlates of MI supported by electroencephalogram (EEG)-based NF and on the neural correlates of motor execution. We adopted a multimodal neuroimaging framework focusing on EEG-derived event-related desynchronization (ERD%) and oxygenated (HbO) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (HbR) concentrations simultaneously acquired using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). ERD%, HbO concentration and HbR concentration were compared between younger (mean age: 24.4 years) and older healthy adults (mean age: 62.6 years). During MI, ERD% and HbR concentration were less lateralized in older adults than in younger adults. The lateralization-by-age interaction was not significant for movement execution. Moreover, EEG-based NF was related to an increase in task-specific activity when compared to the absence of feedback in both older and younger adults. Finally, significant modulation correlations were found between ERD% and hemodynamic measures despite the absence of significant amplitude correlations. Overall, the findings suggest a complex relationship between age and movement-related activity in electrophysiological and hemodynamic measures. Our results emphasize that the age of the actual end-user should be taken into account when designing neurorehabilitation protocols.
Collapse
|
40
|
Kemlin C, Moulton E, Samson Y, Rosso C. Do Motor Imagery Performances Depend on the Side of the Lesion at the Acute Stage of Stroke? Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:321. [PMID: 27445761 PMCID: PMC4921466 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Motor imagery has been considered a substitute for overt motor execution to study post-stroke motor recovery. However, motor imagery abilities at the acute stage (<3 weeks) are poorly known. The aim of this study was to compare explicit and implicit motor imagery abilities in stroke patients and healthy subjects, correlate them with motor function, and investigate the role of right or left hemisphere lesions on performance. Twenty-four stroke patients at the acute stage and 24 age- and gender-matched healthy volunteers performed implicit (Hand Laterality Judgment Task) and explicit (number of imagined/executed hand movements) motor imagery tasks and a clinical motor assessment. Differences between healthy subjects and patients as well as the impact of lesion side on motor imagery were studied using ANOVA. We analyzed the relationship between motor executed and imagined movements (temporal congruence) using Pearson correlations. Our study shows that for implicit imagery, stroke patients had slower reaction times [RTs, t(46) = 1.7, p = 0.02] and higher error rates for the affected hand [t(46) = 3.7, p < 0.01] yet shared similar characteristics [angle effect: F(1,46) = 30.8, p ≤ 0.0001] with respect to healthy subjects. For the unaffected hand, right-sided stroke patients had a higher error rate and similar RTs whereas left sided stroke had higher RTs but similar error rate than healthy subjects. For explicit imagery, patients exhibited bilateral deficits compared to healthy subjects in the executed and imagined condition (p < 0.0001). Patients and healthy subjects exhibited a temporal congruence between executed and imagined movements (p ≤ 0.04) except for right-sided strokes who had no correlation for both hands. When using motor imagery as a tool for upper limb rehabilitation early after stroke, caution must be taken related to the side of the lesion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claire Kemlin
- APHP, Urgences Cérébro-Vasculaires, Hôpital Pitié-SalpêtrièreParis, France; APHP, Service de Médecine Physique et Réadaptation, Hôpital Pitié-SalpêtrièreParis, France; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinièreParis, France; UPMC Paris 6, INSERM, U1127; CNRS, UMR 7225Paris, France; CONAM, UPMC Paris 6, INSERM, U1127, CNRS, UMR 7225Paris, France
| | - Eric Moulton
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinièreParis, France; UPMC Paris 6, INSERM, U1127; CNRS, UMR 7225Paris, France; CONAM, UPMC Paris 6, INSERM, U1127, CNRS, UMR 7225Paris, France
| | - Yves Samson
- APHP, Urgences Cérébro-Vasculaires, Hôpital Pitié-SalpêtrièreParis, France; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinièreParis, France; UPMC Paris 6, INSERM, U1127; CNRS, UMR 7225Paris, France; COGIMAGE, UPMC Paris 6, INSERM, U1127, CNRS, UMR 7225Paris, France
| | - Charlotte Rosso
- APHP, Urgences Cérébro-Vasculaires, Hôpital Pitié-SalpêtrièreParis, France; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinièreParis, France; UPMC Paris 6, INSERM, U1127; CNRS, UMR 7225Paris, France; CONAM, UPMC Paris 6, INSERM, U1127, CNRS, UMR 7225Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Zapparoli L, Saetta G, De Santis C, Gandola M, Zerbi A, Banfi G, Paulesu E. When I am (almost) 64: The effect of normal ageing on implicit motor imagery in young elderlies. Behav Brain Res 2016; 303:137-51. [PMID: 26851363 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Motor imagery (M.I.) is a cognitive process in which movements are mentally evoked without overt actions. Behavioral and fMRI studies show a decline of explicit M.I. ability (e.g., the mental rehearsal of finger oppositions) with normal ageing: this decline is accompanied by the recruitment of additional cortical networks. However, none of these studies investigated behavioral and the related fMRI ageing modifications in implicit M.I. tasks, like the hand laterality task (HLT). To address this issue, we performed a behavioral and fMRI study: 27 younger subjects (mean age: 31 years) and 29 older subjects (mean age: 61 years) underwent two event-related design fMRI experiments. In the HLT, participants were asked to decide whether a hand rotated at different angles was a left or right hand. To test the specificity of any age related difference in the HLT, we used a letter rotation task as a control experiment: here subjects had to decide whether rotated letters were presented in a standard or a mirror orientation. We did not find any group difference in either behavioral task; however, we found significant additional neural activation in the elderly group in occipito-temporal regions: these differences were stronger for the HLT rather than for the LRT with group by task interactions effects in right occipital cortices. We interpret these results as evidence of compensatory processes associated with ageing that permit a behavioral performance comparable to that of younger subjects. This process appears to be more marked when the task specifically involves motor representations, even when these are implicitly evoked.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Zapparoli
- fMRI Unit-IRCCS Galeazzi, Milan, Italy; Psychology Department & Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
| | - Gianluca Saetta
- Psychology Department & Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo De Santis
- Psychology Department & Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Martina Gandola
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Banfi
- fMRI Unit-IRCCS Galeazzi, Milan, Italy; University Vita e Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Eraldo Paulesu
- fMRI Unit-IRCCS Galeazzi, Milan, Italy; Psychology Department & Milan Center for Neuroscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Allali G, Annweiler C, Predovan D, Bherer L, Beauchet O. Brain volume changes in gait control in patients with mild cognitive impairment compared to cognitively healthy individuals; GAIT study results. Exp Gerontol 2015; 76:72-9. [PMID: 26705916 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2015.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differences in brain structures involved in gait control between normal and pathological aging are still matter of debate. This study aims to compare the regional and global brain volume patterns associated with gait performances assessed with Timed Up and Go test (TUG) between cognitively healthy individuals (CHI) and patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 171 (80 CHI, 25 with amnestic MCI [a-MCI] and 66 with non-amnestic MCI [na-MCI]) participants (70.2±4.0years; 37% female) consecutively realized (rTUG) and imagined (iTUG) the TUG. rTUG measures the time needed to rise from a chair, walk 3m, turn around and return to a seated position and iTUG represents the validated imagined version of the TUG. Global and regional brain volumes were quantified from three-dimensional T1-weighted MRI using a semi-automated software. RESULTS Linear regression models show that increased rTUG (i.e. worse performance) was associated with lower total white matter, total gray matter, left and right hippocampal volume in patients with na-MCI (P<0.045), and with lower right hippocampal volume in CHI (P=0.013). Increased iTUG was associated with lower gray matter and left premotor cortex volumes in patients with na-MCI (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The findings showed different patterns of brain volume reduction associated with increased rTUG and iTUG between CHI and MCI patients, except for the right hippocampal volume which was smaller in both groups.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Allali
- Department of Neurology, Division of Cognitive & Motor Aging, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Yeshiva University, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, Geneva University Hospital and University of Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Cedric Annweiler
- Department of Neuroscience, Division of Geriatric Medicine, UPRES EA 4638, UNAM, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France; Robarts Research Institute, Department of Medical Biophysics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Predovan
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Research centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Louis Bherer
- Research centre, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; PERFORM Centre, Concordia University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Olivier Beauchet
- Department of Medicine, Division of Geriatric Medicine, Sir Mortimer B. Davis - Jewish General Hospital and Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Centre of Excellence on Aging and Chronic Diseases of McGill Integrated University Health Network, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Sakurada T, Hirai M, Watanabe E. Optimization of a motor learning attention-directing strategy based on an individual's motor imagery ability. Exp Brain Res 2015; 234:301-11. [PMID: 26466828 DOI: 10.1007/s00221-015-4464-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Motor learning performance has been shown to be affected by various cognitive factors such as the focus of attention and motor imagery ability. Most previous studies on motor learning have shown that directing the attention of participants externally, such as on the outcome of an assigned body movement, can be more effective than directing their attention internally, such as on body movement itself. However, to the best of our knowledge, no findings have been reported on the effect of the focus of attention selected according to the motor imagery ability of an individual on motor learning performance. We measured individual motor imagery ability assessed by the Movement Imagery Questionnaire and classified the participants into kinesthetic-dominant (n = 12) and visual-dominant (n = 8) groups based on the questionnaire score. Subsequently, the participants performed a motor learning task such as tracing a trajectory using visuomotor rotation. When the participants were required to direct their attention internally, the after-effects of the learning task in the kinesthetic-dominant group were significantly greater than those in the visual-dominant group. Conversely, when the participants were required to direct their attention externally, the after-effects of the visual-dominant group were significantly greater than those of the kinesthetic-dominant group. Furthermore, we found a significant positive correlation between the size of after-effects and the modality-dominance of motor imagery. These results suggest that a suitable attention strategy based on the intrinsic motor imagery ability of an individual can improve performance during motor learning tasks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Sakurada
- Functional Brain Science Laboratory, Center for Development of Advanced Medical Technology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.,Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hirai
- Functional Brain Science Laboratory, Center for Development of Advanced Medical Technology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.
| | - Eiju Watanabe
- Functional Brain Science Laboratory, Center for Development of Advanced Medical Technology, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan.,Department of Neurosurgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, 329-0498, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Nagano K, Nagano Y. The improvement effect of limited mental practice in individuals with poststroke hemiparesis: the influence of mental imagery and mental concentration. J Phys Ther Sci 2015; 27:2641-4. [PMID: 26357451 PMCID: PMC4563333 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.27.2641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
[Purpose] This study examined whether limited mental practice improves the motor
performance of poststroke individuals with hemiparesis. [Subjects] Twenty-three
participants with poststroke hemiparesis (40–82 years of age) participated in this study.
[Methods] The subjects were divided into four groups with respect to a dart-throwing task:
the no-practice, physical practice only, mental practice only, and mental and physical
practice groups. The groups were compared in terms of gains in motor performance, mental
imagery vividness, and level of concentration during mental practice. [Results] No
statistically significant difference was found for gains in motor performance among
groups, and there was no correlation between imagery vividness and motor performance
gains. However, a correlation was found between gains in motor performance and mental
concentration during mental practice. [Conclusion] The results suggested that limited
mental practice for individuals with poststroke hemiparesis may not improve motor
performance. However, a higher degree of concentration during mental practice may improve
motor performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhito Nagano
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Fukui College of Health Sciences: 56 Egami-cho 13-1, Fukui City, Fukui 910-3190, Japan
| | - Yumi Nagano
- Department of Nursing Care, Medical Care Co., Ltd., Japan
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Kalicinski M, Kempe M, Bock O. Motor imagery: effects of age, task complexity, and task setting. Exp Aging Res 2015; 41:25-38. [PMID: 25494669 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2015.978202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED BACKGROUND/STUDY CONTEXT: Mental training may potentially enhance motor performance and self-efficacy in older adults. However, several studies revealed an age-related decay of motor imagery (MI), which suggests that mental training might be too challenging for older adults. Recognizing that laboratory results are often not transferable to real-life situations, the purpose of the present study was to evaluate imagery performance in the elderly with a more real-life-like approach. METHODS MI performance of 21 older (70.28 ± 4.65 years) and 19 younger adults (24.89 ± 3.16 years) was estimated by mental chronometry from the first-person perspective. Subjects were asked to walk in a supermarket scenario straight ahead (A), or with two changes of direction (B), or with two changes of direction while retrieving products (C). The three tasks were completed first in the subjects' imagination and then in reality, with time required as the dependent measure. MI ability was also assessed by the Controllability of Motor Imagery (CMI) test, in which subjects are required to mentally assume a sequence of body postures. RESULTS Age-related alterations of MI were observed for walking only in Tasks B and C, and only in terms of intersubject variability, not in terms of across-subject means. This is in contrast to earlier studies that used a less realistic walking scenario and found an age-related decay even for MI means. Age-related alterations of CMI were observed as well, but they correlated little with those of walking. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that MI is not a global phenomenon, as it decays in old age independently in the temporal and in the spatial domain, decays less with simple than with complex tasks, and less in an everyday-like than in a typical laboratory setting. These characteristics of MI should be taken into account when assessing its decay in old age, and when designing mental training for the elderly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kalicinski
- a Institute of Psychology, German Sport University Cologne , Cologne , Germany
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Zich C, Debener S, De Vos M, Frerichs S, Maurer S, Kranczioch C. Lateralization patterns of covert but not overt movements change with age: An EEG neurofeedback study. Neuroimage 2015; 116:80-91. [PMID: 25979668 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The mental practice of movements has been suggested as a promising add-on therapy to facilitate motor recovery after stroke. In the case of mentally practised movements, electroencephalogram (EEG) can be utilized to provide feedback about an otherwise covert act. The main target group for such an intervention are elderly patients, though research so far is largely focused on young populations (<30 years). The present study therefore aimed to examine the influence of age on the neural correlates of covert movements (CMs) in a real-time EEG neurofeedback framework. CM-induced event-related desynchronization (ERD) was studied in young (mean age: 23.6 years) and elderly (mean age: 62.7 years) healthy adults. Participants performed covert and overt hand movements. CMs were based on kinesthetic motor imagery (MI) or quasi-movements (QM). Based on previous studies investigating QM in the mu frequency range (8-13Hz) QM were expected to result in more lateralized ERD% patterns and accordingly higher classification accuracies. Independent of CM strategy the elderly were characterized by a significantly reduced lateralization of ERD%, due to stronger ipsilateral ERD%, and in consequence, reduced classification accuracies. QM were generally perceived as more vivid, but no differences were evident between MI and QM in ERD% or classification accuracies. EEG feedback enhanced task-related activity independently of strategy and age. ERD% measures of overt and covert movements were strongly related in young adults, whereas in the elderly ERD% lateralization is dissociated. In summary, we did not find evidence in support of more pronounced ERD% lateralization patterns in QM. Our finding of a less lateralized activation pattern in the elderly is in accordance to previous research and with the idea that compensatory processes help to overcome neurodegenerative changes related to normal ageing. Importantly, it indicates that EEG neurofeedback studies should place more emphasis on the age of the potential end-users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catharina Zich
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Germany.
| | - Stefan Debener
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Germany; Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, University of Oldenburg, Germany; Research Center Neurosensory Systems, University of Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Maarten De Vos
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, UK
| | - Stella Frerichs
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Maurer
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Cornelia Kranczioch
- Neuropsychology Lab, Department of Psychology, European Medical School, University of Oldenburg, Germany; Research Center Neurosensory Systems, University of Oldenburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Assessing motor imagery ability in younger and older adults by combining measures of vividness, controllability and timing of motor imagery. Brain Res 2014; 1597:196-209. [PMID: 25481412 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
With the population aging, a large number of patients undergoing rehabilitation are older than 60 years. Also, since the use of motor imagery (MI) training in rehabilitation is becoming more popular, it is important to gain a better knowledge about the age-related changes in MI ability. The main goal of this study was to compare MI ability in younger and older adults as well as to propose a new procedure for testing this ability. Thirty healthy young subjects (mean age: 22.9±2.7 years) and 28 healthy elderly subjects (mean age: 72.4±5.5 years) participated in the experiment. They were administered three tests aimed at assessing three dimensions of MI: (1) the kinesthetic and visual imagery questionnaire (KVIQ) to assess MI vividness; (2) a finger-thumb opposition task to assess MI controllability; and (3) a chronometric task to assess the timing of MI. On average, the younger and older groups showed similar results on the KVIQ and the chronometric task, but the younger group was more accurate at the finger-thumb opposition task. Interestingly, there was a large variability in the performance within both groups, emphasizing the importance of considering each person individually regarding MI ability, whatever his age. Finally, we propose two indexes of MI ability to identify the potential of persons to engage in MI training programs. Future studies are needed to confirm the predictive value of these MI indexes and define inclusion/exclusion thresholds for their use as a screening tool in both younger and older adults.
Collapse
|
48
|
Wang Z, Wang S, Shi FY, Guan Y, Wu Y, Zhang LL, Shen C, Zeng YW, Wang DH, Zhang J. The effect of motor imagery with specific implement in expert badminton player. Neuroscience 2014; 275:102-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2014] [Revised: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
49
|
Task requirements and their effects on imagined walking in elderly. Aging Clin Exp Res 2014; 26:387-93. [PMID: 24362888 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-013-0184-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Mental training has the potential to enhance motor performance and behavior in older adults. Yet several studies have revealed age-related alteration of motor imagery (MI) ability, suggesting that mental training is not applicable for older adults. The purpose of the present study was to estimate MI performance in older adults, taking into account task requirements. METHODS MI performance of 20 older (mean age 70.75 ± 3.68 years) and 22 younger (mean age 24.31 ± 1.25 years) adults was estimated with the mental chronometry paradigm from the first-person perspective. Participants completed four walking tasks with different requirements, walking (A) in a straight line; (B) with two changes of direction; (C) on uneven ground; and (D) while additionally flipping switches. Path length and width were constant across tasks. MI ability was also measured with the Controllability of Motor Imagery Test, in which body parts have to be controlled and manipulated mentally. In addition, participants reported self-rated clarity of their MI in both tests after each trial. RESULTS Our data suggest no generalized alteration in MI of walking with different task requirements among older adults. A significant Age × Condition × Task interaction emerged, but this result could not be attributed to a specific task requirement in post-hoc tests. For controllability of MI, older adults showed alterations in imagining body postures. These results showed dissociation with the self-rated clarity in both tests. CONCLUSION The present findings suggest that older adults show no age-related alterations in MI for familiar movements. Mental Training of familiar movements could therefore be feasible for older adults and enables promising intervention strategies.
Collapse
|
50
|
Peterson DS, Pickett KA, Earhart GM. Effects of levodopa on vividness of motor imagery in Parkinson disease. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2014; 2:127-33. [PMID: 23939437 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-2012-12077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Motor imagery during functional magnetic resonance imaging is commonly used to understand the neural underpinnings of complex movements. This approach has recently been applied to individuals with Parkinson disease (PD) to better understand how brain function may relate to movement dysfunction. However, the ability of individuals with PD to imagine movements when "Off" dopamine replacement medication is poorly understood. Therefore, the primary purpose of the current study is to test the ability of people with PD to imagine movements while "On" and "Off" anti-Parkinson medication. METHODS Vividness of imagery was assessed in 28 individuals with mild to moderate PD (Hoehn and Yahr stages 1-3) via the Kinesthetic Visual Imagery Questionnaire (KVIQ-20) both "On" and "Off" anti-Parkinson medication. Vividness of imagery of 32 age-matched older adults was also assessed. RESULTS No differences in vividness of imagery were observed between "Off" and "On" medication states (p = 0.15). Imagery was similar between controls and PD both "Off" (p = 0.25) and "On" (p = 0.46) anti-Parkinson medication. A significant correlation was observed between imagery and disease severity while "On" anti-Parkinson medication (r = -0.49; p = 0.008). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Vividness of movement imagery was not different between "Off" and "On" anti-Parkinson medications or between PD and controls. These results suggest that people with PD are able to imagine similarly to older adults both when "On" and "Off" anti-Parkinson medication, and supports the use of motor imagery in the "Off" medication state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Peterson
- Program in Physical Therapy, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|