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Awad E, Zalaket N, Rahme E, Hallit S, Fekih-Romdhane F, Obeid S. Body appreciation and mindful eating in Lebanese adults: the mediating role of psychological distress. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024:1-13. [PMID: 38566373 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2024.2337832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
A gap in the literature exists about the associations between adaptive eating patterns like mindful eating, body appreciation and psychological distress within the Lebanese population. The current culture of acceptance and increased emphasis on wellbeing elicits interest in studying body acceptance and its correlates. The aim of the current study is to assess the mediating effect of psychological distress in the association between body appreciation and mindful eating behaviors among a sample of Lebanese adults. This cross-sectional study enrolled 465 participants. Men and women over the age of 18 were eligible to participate. Then, initial participants were asked to recruit other participants they know. Individuals who consented took an online questionnaire that contained the following scales: a section collecting sociodemographic information, Mindful Eating Behavior Scale, Depression Stress Anxiety Scale (DASS-8) and Body Appreciation (BAS-2). The results of the mediation analysis showed that psychological distress fully mediated the associations between body appreciation and eating with awareness/eating without distraction. Higher body appreciation was significantly associated with less psychological distress, whereas higher psychological distress was significantly associated with less eating with awareness/eating without distraction. However, body appreciation was not associated with eating with awareness/eating without distraction respectively. These findings could guide further research on different categories of adaptive eating patterns and positive body variables within the Lebanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Awad
- Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
| | - Nadine Zalaket
- Psychology and Social Departments, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Elias Rahme
- Psychology and Social Departments, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
| | - Souheil Hallit
- School of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Holy Spirit University of Kaslik, Jounieh, Lebanon
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Feten Fekih-Romdhane
- The Tunisian Center of Early Intervention in Psychosis, Department of Psychiatry "Ibn Omrane", Razi hospital, Manouba, Tunisia
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Tunis El Manar University, Tunis,Tunisia
| | - Sahar Obeid
- Social and Education Sciences Department, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Jbeil, Lebanon
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Darling KE, Warnick J, Guerry WB, Rancourt D. Adolescent Females' Dyadic Conversations About Body, Weight, and Appearance. JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT RESEARCH 2024; 39:487-510. [PMID: 38414661 PMCID: PMC10896266 DOI: 10.1177/07435584221120111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Body talk among adolescent females has been associated with negative outcomes, including depressed mood, disordered eating, and body dissatisfaction. Yet, little work has investigated the manifestation of body talk in actual conversations between adolescent females or explored pathways through which body talk is spread (e.g., co-rumination). The present study examined body talk among adolescent female dyads (N = 23 dyads) ages 13 to 17 (Mage = 15.12) using an observational design. Reciprocally nominated dyads were recruited from a high school in the southeastern United States. Conversations between dyads were qualitatively coded using an applied thematic analysis approach. Identified themes were related to weight, appearance, and personality. Results provide insight into the social context in which sociocultural norms of weight stigma, body dissatisfaction, and eating-related psychopathology may be reinforced. Findings have implications for informing the development of interventions to reduce co-rumination of negative weight- and appearance-related body talk and to promote positive body image and healthy weight among adolescent girls.
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Deek MR, Kemps E, Prichard I. My mother, sisters, and I: Investigating the role of female family members in body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviours among young Middle-Eastern women. Body Image 2024; 48:101682. [PMID: 38373362 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The global rise in body dissatisfaction and disordered eating concerns is apparent; however, limited research in Middle-Eastern populations gives an incomplete understanding of these concerns. The present study recruited 377 young women aged 18 to 25 years from the Middle-East for an online survey to determine how female family members may contribute to body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviours. Guided by the Tripartite Influence Model, we investigated the relationships between appearance pressures and fat talk, from mothers and sister(s), in predicting body dissatisfaction, and in turn, disordered eating symptomatology (restriction and bulimia), as mediated by appearance comparisons and internalisation of the thin-ideal. Overall, greater appearance pressures and fat talk from mothers and sister(s) were associated with body dissatisfaction and disordered eating symptomatology. Greater reported closeness in mother-daughter relationships, but not sister relationships, was associated with less perceived appearance pressure and fat talk by mothers, and lower appearance comparisons, body dissatisfaction and bulimia symptomatology. Finally, participants perceived greater appearance pressure from their mothers than their sister(s), but there was no difference in their perceived levels of fat talk. Findings demonstrate the applicability of a subsection of the Tripartite Influence Model in a non-Western and understudied population, namely in young Middle-Eastern women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Rebecca Deek
- Psychology, College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
| | - Eva Kemps
- Psychology, College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Ivanka Prichard
- Health & Exercise Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia; SHAPE Research Centre, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia; Caring Futures Institute, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
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Rezende F, Oliveira BMPM, Poínhos R. Assessment of Intuitive Eating and Mindful Eating among Higher Education Students: A Systematic Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:572. [PMID: 38470683 PMCID: PMC10931607 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12050572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of mindful eating (ME) and intuitive eating (IE) in improving eating behavior, diet quality, and health is an area of increasing interest. OBJECTIVE The objective of this review was to identify the instruments used to assess ME and IE among higher education students and outcomes related to these dimensions. METHODS This review was carried out according to the PRISMA statement, through systematic searches in PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and Scopus. The inclusion criteria selected for higher education students, levels of ME and/or IE reported, and observational and clinical studies. The exclusion criteria selected against reviews, qualitative studies, and case studies. Quality was assessed using the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Quality Criteria Checklist. RESULTS A total of 516 initial records were identified, from which 75 were included. Cross-sectional studies were the most common research design (86.7%). Most studies were conducted with samples that were predominantly female (90.7%), White (76.0%), aged 18 to 22 years (88.4%), with BMI < 25 kg/m2 (83.0%), and in the United States (61.3%). The Intuitive Eating Scale (IES), the Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ), and their different versions were the most used instruments. The outcomes most studies included were eating behavior and disorders (77.3%), anthropometric assessments (47.8%), mental health (42.0%), and body image (40.6%). Regarding the quality of studies, 34.7% of studies were assigned a positive, 1.3% a negative, and 64.0% a neutral rate. CONCLUSIONS IES and MEQ were the most used instruments. RCT and cohort studies are scarce, and future research with a higher level of quality is needed, especially on the topics of food consumption, diet quality, and biochemical markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiane Rezende
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto (FCNAUP), Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Bruno M. P. M. Oliveira
- Laboratory of Artificial Intelligence and Decision Support, Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Technology and Science (LIIAD, INESC-TEC), 4200-465 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Rui Poínhos
- Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto (FCNAUP), Rua do Campo Alegre 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal;
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White HJ, Sharpe H, Plateau CR. Family body culture, disordered eating and mental health among young adult females during COVID-19. Eat Behav 2023; 51:101792. [PMID: 37647687 DOI: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2023.101792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Different family interactions related to body weight and shape may co-occur and represent a broader 'family body culture'. This may be important in the context of COVID-19 due to a heightened focus on body weight/shape, and many young adults living back with their families. This study aimed to, first, explore relationships between different family body-related interactions to assess the presence of a family body culture, and second, explore relationships between aspects of family body culture, disordered eating and mental health among young adult females during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were 233 females aged 18-25 years who completed measures of family body culture (family fat talk; family weight concern; family weight teasing), disordered eating, anxiety and depression. Results showed all aspects of family body culture were significantly, positively related. Engaging in fat talk with family members (self fat talk) was a key correlate of disordered eating, anxiety and depression. Family concern with weight was also significantly associated with disordered eating. Findings suggest that among some families there is a more problematic family body culture with a greater importance placed on body weight and shape through various body-related interactions. Additionally, findings highlight two key aspects of family body culture related to disordered eating and wellbeing among young adult females. Specifically, vocalising critical remarks about one's own body when with family and an environment that may indirectly communicate a high importance of body weight and shape (e.g., via dieting). These should be considered in future family interventions to support healthy eating behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah J White
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
| | - Helen Sharpe
- School of Health in Social Science, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, EH8 9AG Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Carolyn R Plateau
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.
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Regan H, Keyte R, Mantzios M, Egan H. The Mediating Role of Body Acceptance in Explaining the Relation of Mindfulness, Self-Compassion and Mindful Eating to Body Image in Gay Men and Bisexual Men. Mindfulness (N Y) 2023; 14:596-605. [PMID: 37008573 PMCID: PMC9995256 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-023-02095-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Objectives Mindfulness and mindfulness-based constructs, such as self-compassion and mindful eating, have been positively associated with healthier eating and body related perceptions. Exploration of mindfulness and related concepts have not been investigated extensively in gay and bisexual men, a population where eating and body related concerns have been found to be widespread. Method Participants completed an online questionnaire, assessing mindfulness, self-compassion, mindful eating, body image and body acceptance. Correlation analysis and further mediation analysis was conducted to explore the relations between these constructs within the present sample (n = 163). Results A community sample showed a positive association of body image to mindfulness-based concepts, and negative to body non-acceptance, within the target population. Mediation analysis showed the role of body acceptance in explaining the relation between mindfulness, self-compassion and mindful eating to body image. Conclusions Findings highlight the importance of body acceptance when considering the development of a mindfulness or compassion-based intervention to attenuate body related issues among gay and bisexual men. Preregistration This manuscript has not been preregistered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harvey Regan
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Business, Law and Social Sciences, Birmingham City University, Room C325, The Curzon Building, 4 Cardigan St, Birmingham, B4 7BD United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Keyte
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Business, Law and Social Sciences, Birmingham City University, Room C325, The Curzon Building, 4 Cardigan St, Birmingham, B4 7BD United Kingdom
| | - Michael Mantzios
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Business, Law and Social Sciences, Birmingham City University, Room C325, The Curzon Building, 4 Cardigan St, Birmingham, B4 7BD United Kingdom
| | - Helen Egan
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Business, Law and Social Sciences, Birmingham City University, Room C325, The Curzon Building, 4 Cardigan St, Birmingham, B4 7BD United Kingdom
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Body Esteem Explains the Relationship Between Mindful Eating and Self-Compassion: a Mediation Analysis. JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE ENHANCEMENT 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41465-022-00252-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Research illustrates that high levels of self-compassion are associated with individuals eating in a mindful way. Previous research focusing upon emotional eating behaviours has suggested that body esteem is a mechanism that links self-compassion to eating behaviours, whilst mindful eating relates negatively to emotional eating and displays another, more adaptive way of eating. The present research explored whether body esteem could explain (i.e. mediate) the relationship between mindful eating and self-compassion. Two hundred participants were recruited to participate in a cross-sectional study to investigate the relationship between mindful eating, self-compassion, and body esteem. The present study highlights a positive correlation between mindful eating and body esteem, with a mediation effect being observed for mindful eating on self-compassion via the appearance subscale of body esteem. Possible explanations and future directions are discussed further with an emphasis on the need for more empirical work. In addition, suggestions are provided regarding the inclusion of body esteem within weight management interventions focusing upon mindful eating and self-compassion.
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8
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Norton L, Parkinson J, Harris N, Hart LM. What Factors Predict the Use of Coercive Food Parenting Practices among Mothers of Young Children? An Examination of Food Literacy, Disordered Eating and Parent Demographics. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910538. [PMID: 34639838 PMCID: PMC8508140 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Parents have the most significant influence on the development of young children’s eating patterns. Understanding what parental factors best predict specific negative feeding practices is important for designing preventive interventions. We examined the relationship between parents’ use of coercive food parenting practices (pressure to eat and restriction) and parents’ disordered eating, food literacy, Body Mass Index (BMI) and socio-economic status (SES). Adult mothers, with a mean age of 33 years, at least one child aged between 6 months and 5 years and living in Australia (n = 819) completed an online questionnaire. Regression models were used to examine predictors of pressure to eat and restriction, respectively. Although the amount of variance accounted for by the models was small, maternal eating disorder symptoms were found to be the most important predictor of coercive food parenting practices. This finding has implications for early nutrition education, which has traditionally focused heavily on nutrition literacy. Parental disordered eating may be a more important preventive target and thus including behavioral strategies for positive feeding practices may better assist mothers in promoting positive eating habits with their children, rather than traditional approaches that aim to increase nutrition literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyza Norton
- Department of Social Marketing, Griffith University, 1 Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Joy Parkinson
- Department of Social Marketing, Griffith University, 1 Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia;
| | - Neil Harris
- Department of Public Health, Griffith University, 1 Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia;
| | - Laura M. Hart
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Carlton, VIC 3010, Australia;
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Silva GCAD, Ganen AGDP, Alvarenga MDS. Cross-cultural adaptation of the Fat Talk Questionnaire for Brazilian Portuguese language. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE EPIDEMIOLOGIA 2021; 24:e210051. [PMID: 34468544 DOI: 10.1590/1980-549720210051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To perform the cross-cultural adaptation of the Fat Talk Questionnaire into Brazilian Portuguese with focus on adolescent girls. METHODS The steps taken in this research were: conceptual and item equivalence, semantics, operational. The conceptual and item equivalence was performed by researchers in the field of Nutrition and body image; semantics involved translators fluent in English and Portuguese (n=3) and experts (n=19) in body image and eating behavior. Step 3 included 32 female adolescents (15 and 18 years), who answered the translated and adapted version to assess comprehension by the target audience. RESULTS Of the 14 items, six were considered adequate by the experts and 3 items required minimal language adjustments. Five items needed broader changes for cultural and idiomatic adaptation. The back-translation was approved by the original authors. The average response time by the adolescents was 3.5 minutes, with no queries. CONCLUSION The scale was translated and adapted to Brazilian Portuguese aimed at female adolescents, showing satisfactory results in the translation process, conceptual, semantic and operational equivalence. Analyses of external validity, measurement equivalence and reproducibility were also required.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aline Ganen de Piano Ganen
- Mestrado Profissional em Nutrição: do Nascimento à Adolescência, Centro Universitário São Camilo - São Paulo (SP), Brasil
| | - Marle Dos Santos Alvarenga
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Nutrição em Saúde Pública, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo (SP), Brasil
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10
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Piko BF, Obál A, Mellor D. Body Appreciation in Light of Psychological, Health- and Weight-Related Variables Among Female Adolescents. EUROPES JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 16:676-687. [PMID: 33680205 PMCID: PMC7909497 DOI: 10.5964/ejop.v16i4.2183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Recent research has begun to focus on positive body image and how this can be supported in adolescence. Body appreciation is a key element of positive body image, and has been associated with self-reported health status, weight-related concern, family factors and psychological variables such as self-esteem. In this study we explored these associations among Hungarian adolescent females. Female high school students from two major towns in Csongrád county, Hungary (N = 454; age range from 14 to 20; M = 16.3 years, SD = 1.2) completed questionnaires assessing body appreciation, self-esteem, optimism, life satisfaction and health- and weight-related variables. Analyses revealed that body appreciation was most strongly related to self-esteem, as well as being positively associated with life satisfaction, self-perceived health, being in control of diet, and engagement in sport. Conversely, binge drinking, engaging in slimming behaviors and having eating disorders in the family were negatively associated with body appreciation. These findings provide some indications of factors that might be targetted in health education programs aiming to promote positive body image and to develop resilience against body dissatisfaction in this demographic group. Such programs should also include information of nutrition and media literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina F Piko
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Annabella Obál
- Department of Behavioral Sciences, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - David Mellor
- School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia
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11
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Confirmatory factor analyses of the Body Image-Acceptance and Action Questionnaire and Functionality Appreciation Scale among LGBQ adults. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-01199-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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12
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Feeling let down: An investigation of breastfeeding expectations, appreciation of body functionality, self-compassion, and depression symptoms. Appetite 2020; 154:104756. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.104756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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13
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He J, Sun S, Lin Z, Fan X. The association between body appreciation and body mass index among males and females: A meta-analysis. Body Image 2020; 34:10-26. [PMID: 32505864 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To date, a number of studies have reported an association between body appreciation and body mass index (BMI), but the findings are not consistent. Using a meta-analytic approach, the current study aimed to clarify this association as well as to explore what factors might have contributed to the inconsistency across previous studies. By searching and screening potential studies published up to June 2019 in four databases, we identified 26 articles that reported an association between body appreciation and BMI among males, and 59 articles among females. Under a random-effects model, among males the overall estimate of the association between body appreciation and BMI was negative and small, with the pooled r = -.20 (95 % CI: -.25, -.14) and an adjusted (for publication bias) pooled r = -.11 (95 % CI: -.16, -.06). Among females, the overall estimate of the association was negative and small (but close to moderate), with r = -.27 (95 % CI: -.30, -.24). A mixed-effects model identified several moderators that contributed to the inconsistency across previous studies. These results indicate that the overall negative association between body appreciation and BMI is weak among males, and slightly larger among females. Potential explanations, implications, and future research directions are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo He
- School of Humanities and Social Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
| | - Shaojing Sun
- School of Journalism, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Zhicheng Lin
- School of Humanities and Social Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China.
| | - Xitao Fan
- School of Humanities and Social Science, Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China
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14
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Sidi Y, Geller S, Abu Sinni A, Levy S, Handelzalts JE. Body image among Muslim women in Israel: exploring religion and sociocultural pressures. Women Health 2020; 60:1095-1108. [PMID: 32752948 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2020.1802399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the association of the Muslim religion, as a multidimensional factor, with social pressures related to body image concerns, among Muslim women in Israel. Four hundred and Seventy-five Israeli Muslim women ages between 18 and 30 years completed questionnaire measures of strength of religious faith, wearing a traditional head cover (the Hijab), positive and negative body image, media exposure, societal pressures to conform to Western body ideals and its internalization, from 2016 to 2018. Strength of religious faith and wearing the Hijab were positively associated with positive aspects of body image, while only strength of religious faith negatively correlated with body dissatisfaction. Further, mediation analyses revealed that the relationship between the strength of religious faith and both positive body image and body dissatisfaction was mediated by media pressures. Notably, reduced peer pressures had more influence on positive body image, while reduced family pressures were more influential for negative body image. These results are discussed with regard to promoting a more intricate and multicultural understanding of body image concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yael Sidi
- Department of Education and Psychology, The Open University of Israel , Ra'anana, Israel
| | - Shulamit Geller
- School of Behavioral Sciences, The Academic College of Tel-Aviv Yaffo , Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Aline Abu Sinni
- School of Behavioral Sciences, The Academic College of Tel-Aviv Yaffo , Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Sigal Levy
- School of Behavioral Sciences, The Academic College of Tel-Aviv Yaffo , Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Jonathan E Handelzalts
- School of Behavioral Sciences, The Academic College of Tel-Aviv Yaffo , Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Psychiatry Department, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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15
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Soulliard ZA, Vander Wal JS. Validation of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 and relationships to eating behaviors and health among sexual minorities. Body Image 2019; 31:120-130. [PMID: 31590004 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Although the study of positive body image continues to expand, researchers have predominantly focused the study of this newer construct among presumed heterosexual participants. The purpose of the present study was to examine the factor structure of a measure of positive body image, the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2), among sexual minority participants. The present study also sought to psychometrically validate the BAS-2 among sexual minorities by assessing its relationship with other facets of positive body image, including functionality appreciation and body image flexibility, as well as other related constructs, such as body dissatisfaction, disordered eating behaviors, intuitive eating behaviors, and physical and mental health. Results from a confirmatory factor analysis of 223 sexual minority adults (Mage = 32.45, SD = 10.07) indicated that the BAS-2 displayed strong factorial validity with a unitary factor structure. Furthermore, the BAS-2's construct validity was supported based on correlations with other measures of positive body image, body dissatisfaction, and disordered eating behavior. Results from this cross-sectional study supported a relationship between body appreciation and intuitive eating behaviors, as well as physical and mental health among sexual minority participants. These findings provide an initial understanding of body appreciation and other related constructs among sexual minority individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary A Soulliard
- Saint Louis University, Department of Psychology, 3700 Lindell Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63108, United States.
| | - Jillon S Vander Wal
- Saint Louis University, Department of Psychology, 3700 Lindell Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63108, United States.
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16
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Chow CM, Hart E, Tan CC. Interactive role of weight status and fat talk on body dissatisfaction: an observation of women friends. Eat Weight Disord 2019; 24:869-878. [PMID: 30238235 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-018-0579-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The current study examined the interactive role of weight status and fat talk on body dissatisfaction among women friends. METHOD Sixty pairs of women friends completed a measure of body dissatisfaction and engaged in an observed fat talk interaction with their friend. RESULTS Women's weight status was related to their own, but not their friend's, body dissatisfaction. Observed fat talk was significantly related to individuals' own and their friend's body dissatisfaction. A significant interaction effect showed that the association between fat talk and body dissatisfaction was minimal for women with higher weight status. In contrast, fat talk was associated with more body dissatisfaction for women with lower weight status. CONCLUSION These findings suggest the importance of examining the conjoint effect of personal (e.g., weight status) and contextual (e.g., fat talk) factors on body image issues. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V, cross-sectional descriptive study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Man Chow
- Psychology Department, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA.
| | - Ellen Hart
- Psychology Department, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, MI, 48197, USA
| | - Cin Cin Tan
- Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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"No seconds for you!": Exploring a sociocultural model of fat-talking in the presence of family involving restrictive/critical caregiver eating messages, relational body image, and anti-fat attitudes in college women. Body Image 2019; 30:56-63. [PMID: 31129472 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In line with sociocultural models of parental influence on body image, we examined the relationship between recall of restrictive/critical caregiver eating messages (RCEM) and current frequency of disclosing self-disparaging fat talk among family in 335 undergraduate women (Mage = 19.4; SD = 1.53; range = 18-27). Additionally, two forms of relational body image (i.e., perceived body acceptance by others, external body image shame) and anti-fat attitudes were tested as potential explanatory pathways. RCEM were positively related to current frequency of self-directed fat talk in the family context. All three proposed mediators helped explain this relationship, with external body image shame demonstrating the largest observed effect. Findings suggest frequent recollections of caregivers' implied weight-stigmatizing comments surrounding eating may contribute to more frequent self-denigrating body talk with family members at present via both positive and negative dimensions of relational body image and endorsed explicit weight bias. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
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Damiano SR, Yager Z, Prichard I, Hart LM. Leading by example: Development of a maternal modelling of positive body image scale and relationships to body image attitudes. Body Image 2019; 29:132-139. [PMID: 30953826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2019.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to develop a measure, the Role Modelling of Body Image (Attitudes and Behaviors) Questionnaire (RMBI-Q), to determine maternal perceptions of their body image role modelling in front of their children, and to evaluate how role modelling differs with demographic characteristics to identify characteristics of mothers who may require assistance in being a positive role model. Participants were a community-based sample of 887 mothers who provided demographic information and completed the RMBI-Q, Body Appreciation Scale (BAS-2), and a measure of dietary restraint (DEBQ) in an online questionnaire. Exploratory factor analysis revealed one 7-item factor for the RMBI-Q. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that removal of an item was necessary for model fit, and thus, a 6-item version of the RMBI-Q was evaluated. Good internal consistency, test-retest reliability, content validity, and convergent validity were found. Higher scores on the RMBI-Q correlated with greater maternal body appreciation and lower dietary restraint. More positive role modelling was reported by mothers with lower body mass index and younger children. The RMBI-Q is useful for assessing maternal modelling of positive behaviors that may improve children's body image. Findings highlight avenues for body image interventions for mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie R Damiano
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, 3086, Australia.
| | - Zali Yager
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ivanka Prichard
- College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, 5001, Australia
| | - Laura M Hart
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, 3086, Australia; Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne 3010, Australia
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