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Vorage L, Vincze L, Tudehope L, Harris N. Effectiveness of Interventions Promoting Dietary Intake, Physical Activity, and Healthy Weight Status of Children in Family Child Care: A Systematic Review. J Nutr Educ Behav 2024; 56:242-255. [PMID: 38340129 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneb.2023.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This systematic review examines the effectiveness of interventions in family child care (FCC) on (1) children's dietary intake, physical activity levels and weight, and (2) FCC health-promoting environments, policies, and practices. Quasi-experimental studies measuring these outcomes were included. METHODS All available articles up to July 2023 were searched using MEDLINE, ERIC, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, and A+ Education, and 15 interventions were included. Methodological quality was assessed with the Effective Public Health Practice Project Assessment tool. RESULTS Thirteen studies were weak, and 2 strong in quality. Four interventions included children's dietary intake as an outcome measure, 2 included physical activity, and 3 weight status. Twelve interventions assessed nutrition and 7 physical activity environmental outcomes. DISCUSSION Interventions in FCC improved children's dietary intake, but their impact on physical activity and weight status was inconclusive. Furthermore, positive impacts were observed in environmental outcomes related to nutrition, whereas research on physical activity environmental outcomes was limited. IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH AND PRACTICE Future research could replicate interventions to validate effectiveness and understand positive outcome mechanisms. Future interventions might use FCC stakeholders' input, incorporate innovative physical activity components, enhance FCC providers' position as role models, involve parents, and target those groups that are at a high risk of being obese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieke Vorage
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Lisa Vincze
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lucy Tudehope
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Neil Harris
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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Tudehope L, Harris N, Vorage L, Sofija E. What methods are used to examine representation of mental ill-health on social media? A systematic review. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:105. [PMID: 38424653 PMCID: PMC10905888 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01603-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
There has been an increasing number of papers which explore the representation of mental health on social media using various social media platforms and methodologies. It is timely to review methodologies employed in this growing body of research in order to understand their strengths and weaknesses. This systematic literature review provides a comprehensive overview and evaluation of the methods used to investigate the representation of mental ill-health on social media, shedding light on the current state of this field. Seven databases were searched with keywords related to social media, mental health, and aspects of representation (e.g., trivialisation or stigma). Of the 36 studies which met inclusion criteria, the most frequently selected social media platforms for data collection were Twitter (n = 22, 61.1%), Sina Weibo (n = 5, 13.9%) and YouTube (n = 4, 11.1%). The vast majority of studies analysed social media data using manual content analysis (n = 24, 66.7%), with limited studies employing more contemporary data analysis techniques, such as machine learning (n = 5, 13.9%). Few studies analysed visual data (n = 7, 19.4%). To enable a more complete understanding of mental ill-health representation on social media, further research is needed focussing on popular and influential image and video-based platforms, moving beyond text-based data like Twitter. Future research in this field should also employ a combination of both manual and computer-assisted approaches for analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Tudehope
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, 1 Parklands Drive, 4222, Southport, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.
| | - Neil Harris
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, 1 Parklands Drive, 4222, Southport, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Lieke Vorage
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, 1 Parklands Drive, 4222, Southport, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Ernesta Sofija
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, 1 Parklands Drive, 4222, Southport, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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Marme G, Kuzma J, Zimmerman PA, Harris N, Rutherford S. Investigating socio-ecological factors influencing implementation of tuberculosis infection prevention and control in rural Papua New Guinea. J Public Health (Oxf) 2024:fdae018. [PMID: 38326281 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly transmissible infectious disease killing millions of people yearly, particularly in low-income countries. TB is most likely to be transmitted in healthcare settings with poor infection control practices. Implementing TB infection prevention and control (TB-IPC) is pivotal to preventing TB transmission in healthcare settings. This study investigated diverse stakeholders' perspectives relating to barriers and strategies for TB-IPC in rural hospitals in Papua New Guinea. METHODS Multiple qualitative case studies were conducted with 32 key stakeholders with experience in TB services. Data collection drew on three primary sources to triangulate data: semi-structured interviews, document reviews and field notes. The data were analyzed using hybrid deductive-inductive thematic analysis. RESULTS Our results reveal that key stakeholders perceive multiple interdependent factors that affect TB-IPC practice. The key emerging themes include strategic planning for and prioritizing TB-IPC guidelines; governance, leadership and accountability at the provincial level; community attitudes towards TB control; institutional capacity to deliver TB care, healthcare workers' safety, and long-term partnership and integration of TB-IPC programmes into the broad IPC programme. CONCLUSIONS The evidence suggests that a multi-perspective approach is crucial for TB-IPC guidelines in healthcare institutions. Interventions focusing on addressing health systems strengthening may improve the implementation of TB-IPC guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gigil Marme
- School of Medicine & Dentistry (Public Health), Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Jerzy Kuzma
- Department of Medicine, Divine Word University, Madang Province 511, Papua New Guinea
| | - Peta-Anne Zimmerman
- Graduate Infection Prevention and Control Program, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Neil Harris
- Higher Degree Research, Health Group, School of Medicine and Dentistry (Public Health), Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4215, Australia
| | - Shannon Rutherford
- School of Medicine & Dentistry (Public Health), Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4215, Australia
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Ndode-Ekane XE, Ali I, Gomez CS, Andrade P, Immonen R, Casillas-Espinosa P, Paananen T, Manninen E, Puhakka N, Smith G, Brady RD, Silva J, Braine E, Hudson M, Yamakawa GR, Jones NC, Shultz SR, Harris N, Wright DK, Gröhn O, Staba R, O’Brien TJ, Pitkänen A. Epilepsy phenotype and its reproducibility after lateral fluid percussion-induced traumatic brain injury in rats: Multicenter EpiBioS4Rx study project 1. Epilepsia 2024; 65:511-526. [PMID: 38052475 PMCID: PMC10922674 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to assess reproducibility of the epilepsy outcome and phenotype in a lateral fluid percussion model of posttraumatic epilepsy (PTE) across three study sites. METHODS A total of 525 adult male Sprague Dawley rats were randomized to lateral fluid percussion-induced brain injury (FPI) or sham operation. Of these, 264 were assigned to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI cohort, 43 sham, 221 traumatic brain injury [TBI]) and 261 to electrophysiological follow-up (EEG cohort, 41 sham, 220 TBI). A major effort was made to harmonize the rats, materials, equipment, procedures, and monitoring systems. On the 7th post-TBI month, rats were video-EEG monitored for epilepsy diagnosis. RESULTS A total of 245 rats were video-EEG phenotyped for epilepsy on the 7th postinjury month (121 in MRI cohort, 124 in EEG cohort). In the whole cohort (n = 245), the prevalence of PTE in rats with TBI was 22%, being 27% in the MRI and 18% in the EEG cohort (p > .05). Prevalence of PTE did not differ between the three study sites (p > .05). The average seizure frequency was .317 ± .725 seizures/day at University of Eastern Finland (UEF; Finland), .085 ± .067 at Monash University (Monash; Australia), and .299 ± .266 at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA; USA; p < .01 as compared to Monash). The average seizure duration did not differ between UEF (104 ± 48 s), Monash (90 ± 33 s), and UCLA (105 ± 473 s; p > .05). Of the 219 seizures, 53% occurred as part of a seizure cluster (≥3 seizures/24 h; p >.05 between the study sites). Of the 209 seizures, 56% occurred during lights-on period and 44% during lights-off period (p > .05 between the study sites). SIGNIFICANCE The PTE phenotype induced by lateral FPI is reproducible in a multicenter design. Our study supports the feasibility of performing preclinical multicenter trials in PTE to increase statistical power and experimental rigor to produce clinically translatable data to combat epileptogenesis after TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Ekolle Ndode-Ekane
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Idrish Ali
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Cesar Santana Gomez
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Pedro Andrade
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Riikka Immonen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pablo Casillas-Espinosa
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Tomi Paananen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eppu Manninen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Noora Puhakka
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Gregory Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Rhys D. Brady
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Juliana Silva
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Emma Braine
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Matt Hudson
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Glen R. Yamakawa
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Nigel C. Jones
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Sandy R. Shultz
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Neil Harris
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - David K. Wright
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Olli Gröhn
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Richard Staba
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States
| | - Terence J. O’Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Medicine, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Asla Pitkänen
- A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
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Ndode-Ekane XE, Ali I, Santana-Gomez CE, Casillas-Espinosa PM, Andrade P, Smith G, Paananen T, Manninen E, Immonen R, Puhakka N, Ciszek R, Hämäläinen E, Brady RD, Silva J, Braine E, Hudson MR, Yamakawa G, Jones NC, Shultz SR, Wright D, Harris N, Gröhn O, Staba RJ, O'Brien TJ, Pitkänen A. Successful harmonization in EpiBioS4Rx biomarker study on post-traumatic epilepsy paves the way towards powered preclinical multicenter studies. Epilepsy Res 2024; 199:107263. [PMID: 38056191 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2023.107263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Project 1 of the Preclinical Multicenter Epilepsy Bioinformatics Study for Antiepileptogenic Therapy (EpiBioS4Rx) consortium aims to identify preclinical biomarkers for antiepileptogenic therapies following traumatic brain injury (TBI). The international participating centers in Finland, Australia, and the United States have made a concerted effort to ensure protocol harmonization. Here, we evaluate the success of harmonization process by assessing the timing, coverage, and performance between the study sites. METHOD We collected data on animal housing conditions, lateral fluid-percussion injury model production, postoperative care, mortality, post-TBI physiological monitoring, timing of blood sampling and quality, MR imaging timing and protocols, and duration of video-electroencephalography (EEG) follow-up using common data elements. Learning effect in harmonization was assessed by comparing procedural accuracy between the early and late stages of the project. RESULTS The animal housing conditions were comparable between the study sites but the postoperative care procedures varied. Impact pressure, duration of apnea, righting reflex, and acute mortality differed between the study sites (p < 0.001). The severity of TBI on D2 post TBI assessed using the composite neuroscore test was similar between the sites, but recovery of acute somato-motor deficits varied (p < 0.001). A total of 99% of rats included in the final cohort in UEF, 100% in Monash, and 79% in UCLA had blood samples taken at all time points. The timing of sampling differed on day (D)2 (p < 0.05) but not D9 (p > 0.05). Plasma quality was poor in 4% of the samples in UEF, 1% in Monash and 14% in UCLA. More than 97% of the final cohort were MR imaged at all timepoints in all study sites. The timing of imaging did not differ on D2 and D9 (p > 0.05), but varied at D30, 5 months, and ex vivo timepoints (p < 0.001). The percentage of rats that completed the monthly high-density video-EEG follow-up and the duration of video-EEG recording on the 7th post-injury month used for seizure detection for diagnosis of post-traumatic epilepsy differed between the sites (p < 0.001), yet the prevalence of PTE (UEF 21%, Monash 22%, UCLA 23%) was comparable between the sites (p > 0.05). A decrease in acute mortality and increase in plasma quality across time reflected a learning effect in the TBI production and blood sampling protocols. SIGNIFICANCE Our study is the first demonstration of the feasibility of protocol harmonization for performing powered preclinical multi-center trials for biomarker and therapy discovery of post-traumatic epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Ekolle Ndode-Ekane
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Idrish Ali
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Australia; Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Cesar E Santana-Gomez
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Pablo M Casillas-Espinosa
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Australia; Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Pedro Andrade
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Gregory Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Tomi Paananen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Eppu Manninen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Riikka Immonen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Noora Puhakka
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Robert Ciszek
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Elina Hämäläinen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Rhys D Brady
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Australia
| | - Juliana Silva
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Australia
| | - Emma Braine
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Australia
| | - Matthew R Hudson
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Australia; Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Australia
| | - Glenn Yamakawa
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Australia
| | - Nigel C Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Australia; Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Sandy R Shultz
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Australia; Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - David Wright
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Australia; Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Neil Harris
- Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Olli Gröhn
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Richard J Staba
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Australia; Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Australia; Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | - Asla Pitkänen
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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Reyes Bernard N, Tudehope L, Phung H, Harris N, Sofija E. An Analysis of Crisis Communication Delivered by the Chief Health Officer During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Queensland, Australia. J Health Commun 2023; 28:689-698. [PMID: 37642460 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2023.2252373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
During the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic, the state of Queensland, Australia, had relative success in containing viral transmission, presenting a unique case for potential insights into effective crisis management. Limited research exists into the communication style and effectiveness of Chief Health Officers (CHOs) throughout pandemic scenarios. Using an adapted Crisis Emergency and Risk Communication (CERC) framework based on 12 themes which indirectly assess domains of trust, credibility, transparency, and accountability. A content analysis of 107 press conferences dating from January 30th to December 24th, 2020 was conducted to analyze crisis communication style delivered by the Queensland CHO and guest speakers. Our analysis found that most communication aligned with the CERC framework, suggesting that adherence to CERC themes in crisis communication may have played an important role in the state's success. However, areas which were lacking included themes relating to efforts to address, search and gather knowledge. Analysis also revealed that some CERC themes overlapped or were missing, thus triggering the development of a modified framework to provide a more succinct coding model. Our findings demonstrate the importance communication plays in successful crisis management and the modified framework can be applied to analyze communication at national and sub-national levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Reyes Bernard
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Lucy Tudehope
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Hai Phung
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Neil Harris
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ernesta Sofija
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
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Thapak P, Smith G, Ying Z, Paydar A, Harris N, Gomez-Pinilla F. The BDNF mimetic R-13 attenuates TBI pathogenesis using TrkB-related pathways and bioenergetics. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2023; 1869:166781. [PMID: 37286142 PMCID: PMC10619508 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is major neurological burden globally, and effective treatments are urgently needed. TBI is characterized by a reduction in energy metabolism and synaptic function that seems a primary cause of neuronal dysfunction. R13, a small drug and BDNF mimetic showed promising results in improving spatial memory and anxiety-like behavior after TBI. Additionally, R13 was found to counteract reductions in molecules associated with BDNF signaling (p-TrkB, p-PI3K, p-AKT), synaptic plasticity (GluR2, PSD95, Synapsin I) as well as bioenergetic components such as mitophagy (SOD, PGC-1α, PINK1, Parkin, BNIP3, and LC3) and real-time mitochondrial respiratory capacity. Behavioral and molecular changes were accompanied by adaptations in functional connectivity assessed using MRI. Results highlight the potential of R13 as a therapeutic agent for TBI and provide valuable insights into the molecular and functional changes associated with this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Thapak
- Dept. Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Gregory Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America; UCLA Brain Injury Research Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Zhe Ying
- Dept. Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Afshin Paydar
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America; UCLA Brain Injury Research Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Neil Harris
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America; UCLA Brain Injury Research Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America; Intellectual Development and Disabilities Research Center, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Fernando Gomez-Pinilla
- Dept. Integrative Biology and Physiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America; Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America; UCLA Brain Injury Research Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America.
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Harris N, Marin M. Commentary on Delayed Diagnosis in a 61-Year-Old Hispanic Male with Ecchymoses, Soft Tissue Bleeding, and Edema. Clin Chem 2023; 69:807. [PMID: 37531561 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvad078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Neil Harris
- University of Florida, Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Maximo Marin
- University of Florida, Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Harris N, Roche E, Lee P, Asper L, Wiseman N, Keel R, Duffy S, Sofija E. Vision screening outcomes of 4-5 year-olds reflect the social gradient. Clin Exp Optom 2023; 106:640-644. [PMID: 36038506 DOI: 10.1080/08164622.2022.2109947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
Abstract
CLINICAL RELEVANCE Children in socioeconomically disadvantaged communities often do not access follow-up eye care services when referred from vision screenings; whether this is due to lack of availability is not known. This paper highlights the need for vision and eye care for vulnerable children with practicing clinical optometrists well placed to provide vision care. BACKGROUND Vision impairments develop from a young age and may inhibit learning experiences and impact life outcomes. Vision screening to detect and refer vision abnormalities supports children in their education and prevents minor vision impairments from worsening. This research describes outcomes from a vision screening programme for 4- to 5-year-olds delivered in Queensland, Australia. METHODS The programme involved all prep children from participating schools in Queensland. Vision screening was conducted with the Parr 4 m Visual Acuity Test and Welch Allyn Spot Vision Screener. A cross-sectional study design was adopted. Descriptive data analyses explored the frequency of vision screening and referral outcomes. Inferential analyses examined associations between vision screening and referral outcomes with socio-economic indexes for areas (SEIFA) scores . RESULTS Of 71,003 prep students screened, 4,855 (6.8%) received a referral recommendation. A higher proportion of children who received a referral recommendation was from more disadvantaged locations (?2 = 109.16, p < 0.001). Of the students referred, 3,017 were seen by an eye health professional. Further vision assessment of students by an eye health professional revealed that 43.3% of the referred children were diagnosed with a vision abnormality, 18.9% had no vision abnormality and 37.7% had an 'undetermined' diagnosis. A higher proportion of children confirmed with a vision abnormality were from more disadvantaged locations (?2 = 52.27, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION It is important that vision screening programmes target disadvantaged populations and support families of children who require further health assessment to access health services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Harris
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Elisha Roche
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Patricia Lee
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Lisa Asper
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicola Wiseman
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Rachel Keel
- Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Services, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Shelley Duffy
- Children's Health Queensland Hospital and Health Services, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ernesta Sofija
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia
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Dent R, Harris N, van Walraven C. Validity of two weight prediction models for community-living patients participating in a weight loss program. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11629. [PMID: 37468655 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38683-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Models predicting individual body weights over time clarify patient expectations in weight loss programs. The accuracy of two commonly used weight prediction models in community living people is unclear. All eligible people entering a weight management program between 1992 and 2015 were included. Patients' diet was 1200 kcal/day for week 0 followed by 900 kcal/day for weeks 1-7 and were excluded from the analysis if they were nonadherent. We generated expected weights using the National Institutes of Health Body Weight Planner (NIH-BWP) and the Pennington Biomedical Research Center Weight Loss Predictor (PBRC-WLP). 3703 adherent people were included (mean age 46 years, 72.6% women, mean [SD] weight 262.3 pounds [54.2], mean [SD] BMI 42.4 [7.6]). Mean (SD) relative body weight differences (100*[observed-expected]/expected) for NIH-BWP and PBRC-WLP models was - 1.5% (3.8) and - 2.9% (3.2), respectively. At week 7, mean squared error with NIH-BWP (98.8, 83%CI 89.7-108.8) was significantly lower than that with PBRC-WLP (117.7, 83%CI 112.4-123.4). Notable variation in relative weight difference were seen (for NIH-BWP, 5th-95th percentile was - 6.2%, + 3.7%; Δ 9.9%). During the first 7 weeks of a weight loss program, both weight prediction models returned expected weights that were very close to observed values with the NIH-BWP being more accurate. However, notable variability between expected and observed weights in individual patients were seen. Clinicians can monitor patients in weight loss programs by comparing their progress with these data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Dent
- Department of Medicine, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Neil Harris
- Weight Management Clinic, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Carl van Walraven
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, University of Ottawa, ASB1-003 1053, Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON, K1Y 4E9, Canada.
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11
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Norton L, Parkinson J, Harris N, Hart L. Why "mealtime chatter matters": A process evaluation of a preventive health brief intervention. Health Mark Q 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37314365 DOI: 10.1080/07359683.2023.2219512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
How parents communicate about food is important for building children's emotional relationships with food. "Mealtime Chatter Matters" (MCM) is an evidence-informed brief intervention providing behavioral strategies for parents focusing on positive communication at mealtimes. This process study explored parents' experiences of the brief intervention. Nine mothers participated in interviews, followed by a qualitative inductive analysis. Findings revealed the strengths and weaknesses of MCM and critical reflections of participants' experiences that can be used to inform future program strategies. This study has important health marketing implications for developing preventive health resources and indicates that future research on mealtime communication is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyza Norton
- Department of Marketing, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joy Parkinson
- Department of Marketing, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
- CSIRO-Australian eHealth Research Centre, Herston, Australia
| | - Neil Harris
- Public Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Laura Hart
- Melbourne School of Population & Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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12
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Norton L, Parkinson J, Harris N, Hart L. Disordered eating prevention: Co-designing a brief intervention for use in Community Child Health Services. Health Mark Q 2023:1-21. [PMID: 37310143 DOI: 10.1080/07359683.2023.2220511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Dietary habits established in childhood, often persist into adulthood highlighting the importance of early intervention. However, limited interventions exist promoting "how" to establish healthful eating behaviors in children. To create impactful interventions, it is important they are based on evidence and co-designed with end-users. Fifteen child health nurses participated in this co-design study, underpinned by the Knowledge to Action Framework. Child health nurses reviewed evidence-based statements and then workshopped practical strategies. Findings from the co-design sessions were used to inform the development of a preventive intervention. The study has important health marketing implications for conducting co-design with child health nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyza Norton
- Department of Marketing, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Joy Parkinson
- Department of Marketing, Griffith University, Southport, Queensland, Australia
- CSIRO-Australian eHealth Research Centre, Herston, Australia
| | - Neil Harris
- Public Health, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Southport, Queensland, Australia
| | - Laura Hart
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
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13
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Norton L, Parkinson J, MacGuinness M, Harris N, Hart L. Examining the feasibility of a brief parent intervention designed to promote positive food communication with infants. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2023; 9:93. [PMID: 37270631 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-023-01328-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few prevention interventions exist focusing on supporting parents to use positive food communication at mealtimes, for the prevention of disordered eating. "Mealtime chatter matters (MCM)" is a brief intervention designed for parents of infants. The intervention was designed in collaboration with child health nurses (CHNs) to be embedded into usual care. The overall aim of this study was to test the feasibility of the intervention through examining the acceptability of the MCM content and resources and the potential impact of the intervention on parents. METHODS This pilot study utilised a mixed methods approach and took place within a regional child health service in Queensland, Australia (October 2021 to June 2022). Participants were parents of infants attending child health education groups and CHNs. The intervention consisted of a brief education session (including accompanying resources), facilitated by a Paediatric Dietitian. The acceptability of MCM content and resources was assessed by both parents and CHNs via self-reported questionnaires and the potential impact on parents assessed via pre-/post-self-reported questionnaires. RESULTS Forty-six parents of infants (aged < 8 months) and six CHNs who hosted the intervention and observed the program's delivery participated in the study. MCM content and resources were highly acceptable to parents and CHNs, as both qualitative and quantitative data concurred. How the program may have potentially impacted parenting practices was unclear from the survey results and further investigation is required to better understand these. Tangible lessons and opportunities to further test this intervention were clear from current results. CONCLUSION Overall, MCM was acceptable to both parents and CHNs, with the content and resources both being highly valued. Parents reported the content to be informative and engaging and CHNs were keen to have such an intervention available in the future. However, further modification and testing is required of MCM. This feasibility study is an essential first step in supporting parents and CHNs to access an evidence-based intervention with the aim of preventing disordered eating. TRIAL REGISTRATION Griffith University Human Research Ethics Committee (2021/577) and Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service Human Research Ethics Committee (QGC/76618).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyza Norton
- Griffith University, 1 Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia.
| | - Joy Parkinson
- Griffith University, 170 Kessels Road, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia
- Australian eHealth Research Centre, CSIRO, Level 7, 296 Herston Road, Herston, QLD, 4029, Australia
| | - Margaret MacGuinness
- Gold Coast Hospital and Health Service, 1 Hospital Blvd, Southport, QLD, 4215, Australia
| | - Neil Harris
- Griffith University, 1 Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia
| | - Laura Hart
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Carlton, VIC, 3010, Australia
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14
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Marme G, Kuzma J, Zimmerman PA, Harris N, Rutherford S. Tuberculosis infection prevention and control in rural Papua New Guinea: an evaluation using the infection prevention and control assessment framework. Antimicrob Resist Infect Control 2023; 12:31. [PMID: 37046339 PMCID: PMC10092912 DOI: 10.1186/s13756-023-01237-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Papua New Guinea (PNG) is one of the 14 countries categorised as having a triple burden of tuberculosis (TB), multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB), and TB-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infections. TB infection prevention and control (TB-IPC) guidelines were introduced in 2011 by the National Health Department of PNG. This study assesses the implementation of this policy in a sample of district hospitals in two regions of PNG. METHODS The implementation of TB-IPC policy was assessed using a survey method based on the World Health Organization (WHO) IPC assessment framework (IPCAF) to implement the WHO's IPC core components. The study included facility assessment at ten district hospitals and validation observations of TB-IPC practices. RESULTS Overall, implementation of IPC and TB-IPC guidelines was inadequate in participating facilities. Though 80% of facilities had an IPC program, many needed more clearly defined IPC objectives, budget allocation, and yearly work plans. In addition, they did not include senior facility managers in the IPC committee. 80% (n = 8 of 10) of hospitals had no IPC training and education; 90% had no IPC committee to support the IPC team; 70% had no surveillance protocols to monitor infections, and only 20% used multimodal strategies for IPC activities. Similarly, 70% of facilities had a TB-IPC program without a proper budget and did not include facility managers in the TB-IPC team; 80% indicated that patient flow poses a risk of TB transmission; 70% had poor ventilation systems; 90% had inadequate isolation rooms; and though 80% have personal protective equipment available, frequent shortages were reported. CONCLUSIONS The WHO-recommended TB-IPC policy is not effectively implemented in most of the participating district hospitals. Improvements in implementing and disseminating TB-IPC guidelines, monitoring TB-IPC practices, and systematic healthcare worker training are essential to improve TB-IPC guidelines' operationalisation in health settings to reduce TB prevalence in PNG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gigil Marme
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Public Health and Leadership, Divine Word University, P O Box 483, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea.
| | - Jerzy Kuzma
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Divine Word University, P O Box 483, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea
| | - Peta-Anne Zimmerman
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Graduate Infection Prevention and Control Program, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD, 4215, Australia
| | - Neil Harris
- School of Medicine & Dentistry (Public Health), Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4215, Australia
| | - Shannon Rutherford
- School of Medicine & Dentistry (Public Health), Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, 4215, Australia
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15
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Marme G, Rutherford S, Harris N. What tuberculosis infection control measures are effective in resource-constrained primary healthcare facilities? A systematic review of the literature. Rural Remote Health 2023; 23:7175. [PMID: 36947945 DOI: 10.22605/rrh7175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, killing millions of people, despite the availability of preventive TB medication. The majority of these infections and deaths occur in low-income countries. Therefore, practical public health strategies are required to reduce the global TB burden in these countries effectively. The purpose of this review was to examine the current evidence of tuberculosis infection control (TBIC) measures in reducing TB transmission and explore the barriers and enablers of TBIC measures in resource-constrained primary healthcare settings. METHODS The PRISMA framework was adopted to identify studies that report on the evidence and barriers and facilitators of administrative, environmental and respiratory control measures at healthcare settings in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). ProQuest, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Embase and PubMed were searched for English language peer-reviewed studies published since the introduction of TBIC guidelines. Studies not relevant to the topic, were not on TBIC measures or were reviews or commentary-style papers were excluded. Included articles were evaluated based on their aim, study design, geography and health settings interventions (TBIC measures), economic setting (ie LMICs) and main findings. RESULTS Our review of the 15 included studies identified a cough officer screening system, isolation of TB patients, modification of consultation rooms, and opening windows and doors as effective TB prevention measures. Lack of patient education, unsupportive workplace culture, inadequate supply of particulate respirators, insufficient isolation facilities and poor physical infrastructures were identified as barriers to TBIC practices. Triaging TB patients, maintenance of health infrastructure, appropriate use of personal protective equipment (PPE) and healthcare workers (HCWs) training on the correct use of PPE were reported as facilitators of TBIC in primary healthcare facilities. CONCLUSION Our review provides consistent evidence of TBIC measures in reducing TB transmission in resource-constrained primary healthcare settings. This review has demonstrated that TB transmission can be successfully controlled using multiple and simple low-cost TBIC measures including administrative, environmental and respiratory controls. Effective implementation of triaging patients with suspected TB alongside maintenance of health infrastructure, appropriate use of PPE and robust HCWs training on TBIC could improve implementation of TBIC measures in primary healthcare settings. Healthcare management should address these areas particularly in rural and remote locations to improve the implementation of TBIC measures in primary healthcare facilities in LMICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gigil Marme
- Public Health, Divine Word University, Madang Province, Papua New Guinea; and School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
| | - Shannon Rutherford
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
| | - Neil Harris
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Southport, Qld, Australia
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16
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Marme G, Zimmerman PA, Harris N, Rutherford S. 122. Implementation of national tuberculosis infection prevention and control guidelines in rural hospitals, Papua New Guinea. Infect Dis Health 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idh.2022.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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17
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Fanelli SJ, Elzeneini M, Meece LE, Mahmoud A, Jeng EI, Harris N, Ahmed MM. Fixed-dose aspirin monotherapy compared with thromboelastography directed antiplatelet therapy in long-term management of left ventricular assist devices. J Card Surg 2022; 37:2621-2628. [PMID: 35610463 PMCID: PMC9357030 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.16637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The role of thromboelastography (TEG) in managing antiplatelet therapy (APT) in left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) is controversial. Our aim was to determine whether removal of TEG from an LVAD-specific APT protocol reduced late-onset bleeding without increasing thromboembolic complications. METHODS We performed a single-center, retrospective cohort study including all recipients of a continuous-flow LVAD between April 2005 and November 2019 (n = 293). LVAD recipients before June 1, 2017 (n = 221) whose APT was monitored and adjusted using TEG were compared with LVAD recipients after June 1, 2017 (n = 72) where TEG was not utilized. Occurrence of late-onset bleeding events after postoperative Day 7 and thromboembolic events were collected. APT doses, warfarin use and International normalized ratio (INR) values were collected at discharge and at 1, 3, 6, and 12-months postimplantation. RESULTS Over a median 12-month follow-up, INTERMACS major bleeding events occurred in 35% of patients where TEG was utilized compared with 29% where TEG was not utilized (p = 0.375), and procedural intervention was required in 29% compared with 18%, respectively (p = 0.058). Use of TEG was associated with higher doses of aspirin (>325 mg) (41% compared with none) and use of a second antiplatelet (dipyridamole) (43% compared to 1%). Despite this, there was no significant difference in thromboembolic events (15% in each). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests the use of TEG led to increased doses of aspirin as well as adding a second antiplatelet agent, without improving outcomes in LVAD recipients. Furthermore, the removal of TEG from an LVAD-specific APT protocol did not worsen thromboembolic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammed Elzeneini
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Lauren E. Meece
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Ahmad Mahmoud
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Eric I. Jeng
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Neil Harris
- Department of Pathology, Immunology & Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Mustafa M. Ahmed
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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18
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Wang KY, Nedelec P, Clark H, Harris N, Kajino M, Igarashi Y. Impacts on air dose rates after the Fukushima accident over the North Pacific from 19 March 2011 to 2 September 2015. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272937. [PMID: 36001589 PMCID: PMC9401177 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A fleet of thirteen in-service global container ships continuously measured the air dose rates over the North Pacific after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station (FDNPS) accident. The results showed that the elevated air dose rates over the Port of Tokyo and the FDNPS emissions are significantly correlated (log(emission fluxes) = 54.98 x (air dose rates) (R = 0.95, P-value<0.01), and they are also significantly correlated with the Tsukuba deposition fluxes (log(deposition fluxes) = 0.47 + 30.98 (air dose rates) (R = 0.91, P-value<0.01). These results demonstrate the direct impact of the FDNPS emissions on the depositions of radionuclides and the air dose rates over the Port of Tokyo. Over the North Pacific, the correlation equations are log(emission fluxes) = -2.72 + 202.36 x (air dose rates over the northwestern Pacific) (R = 0.40, P-value<0.01), and log(emission fluxes) = -0.55 + 80.19 x (air dose rates over the northeastern Pacific) (R = 0.29, P-value = 0.0424). These results indicate that the resuspension of the deposited radionuclides have become a dominant source in the transport of radionuclides across the North Pacific. Model simulations show underestimated air dose rates during the periods of 22-25 March 2011 and 27-30 March 2011 indicating the lack of mechanisms, such as the resuspension of radionuclides, in the model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Ying Wang
- Department of Atmospheric Sciences, National Central University, Chung-Li, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
| | - Philippe Nedelec
- Laboratoire d’Aérologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Neil Harris
- Centre for Environment and Agricultural Informatics, Cranfield University, Cranfield, United Kingdom
| | - Mizuo Kajino
- Meteorological Research Institute (MRI), Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yasuhito Igarashi
- Division of Nuclear Engineering Science, Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University (KURNS), Osaka, Japan
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19
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Song C, Becagli S, Beddows DCS, Brean J, Browse J, Dai Q, Dall’Osto M, Ferracci V, Harrison RM, Harris N, Li W, Jones AE, Kirchgäßner A, Kramawijaya AG, Kurganskiy A, Lupi A, Mazzola M, Severi M, Traversi R, Shi Z. Understanding Sources and Drivers of Size-Resolved Aerosol in the High Arctic Islands of Svalbard Using a Receptor Model Coupled with Machine Learning. Environ Sci Technol 2022; 56:11189-11198. [PMID: 35878000 PMCID: PMC9386907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c07796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric aerosols are important drivers of Arctic climate change through aerosol-cloud-climate interactions. However, large uncertainties remain on the sources and processes controlling particle numbers in both fine and coarse modes. Here, we applied a receptor model and an explainable machine learning technique to understand the sources and drivers of particle numbers from 10 nm to 20 μm in Svalbard. Nucleation, biogenic, secondary, anthropogenic, mineral dust, sea salt and blowing snow aerosols and their major environmental drivers were identified. Our results show that the monthly variations in particles are highly size/source dependent and regulated by meteorology. Secondary and nucleation aerosols are the largest contributors to potential cloud condensation nuclei (CCN, particle number with a diameter larger than 40 nm as a proxy) in the Arctic. Nonlinear responses to temperature were found for biogenic, local dust particles and potential CCN, highlighting the importance of melting sea ice and snow. These results indicate that the aerosol factors will respond to rapid Arctic warming differently and in a nonlinear fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congbo Song
- School
of Geography, Earth and Environment Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Silvia Becagli
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- National
Research Council of Italy, Institute of
Polar Sciences (CNR-ISP), Via Torino 155, Venice-Mestre 30172, Italy
| | - David C. S. Beddows
- National
Centre for Atmospheric Science (NCAS), School of Geography, Earth
and Environmental Sciences, University of
Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - James Brean
- School
of Geography, Earth and Environment Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Jo Browse
- Centre
for Geography and Environmental Science, University of Exeter, Penryn TR10 9FE, U.K.
| | - Qili Dai
- State Environmental
Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter
Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science
and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Manuel Dall’Osto
- Institute
of Marine Science, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones
Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona 08003, Spain
| | - Valerio Ferracci
- Centre
for Environmental and Agricultural Informatics, School of Water, Energy
& Environment, Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield MK43 0AL, U.K.
| | - Roy M. Harrison
- School
of Geography, Earth and Environment Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
- Department
of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment
and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz
University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Neil Harris
- Centre
for Environmental and Agricultural Informatics, School of Water, Energy
& Environment, Cranfield University, College Road, Cranfield MK43 0AL, U.K.
| | - Weijun Li
- Department
of Atmospheric Sciences, School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Anna E. Jones
- British
Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge CB3 0ET, U.K.
| | - Amélie Kirchgäßner
- British
Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge CB3 0ET, U.K.
| | - Agung Ghani Kramawijaya
- School
of Geography, Earth and Environment Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
| | - Alexander Kurganskiy
- Centre
for Geography and Environmental Science, University of Exeter, Penryn TR10 9FE, U.K.
| | - Angelo Lupi
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute
of Polar Sciences (CNR-ISP), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Mauro Mazzola
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute
of Polar Sciences (CNR-ISP), Via P. Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Mirko Severi
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- National
Research Council of Italy, Institute of
Polar Sciences (CNR-ISP), Via Torino 155, Venice-Mestre 30172, Italy
| | - Rita Traversi
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff”, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino 50019, Italy
- National
Research Council of Italy, Institute of
Polar Sciences (CNR-ISP), Via Torino 155, Venice-Mestre 30172, Italy
| | - Zongbo Shi
- School
of Geography, Earth and Environment Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K.
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20
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Paller A, Siegfried E, Marron S, Clark M, Harris N, Quin S, Chao J, Bansal A, Sun Y, Chuang C, Wang Z. 250 Development and validation of a caregiver-reported numeric rating scale for measuring skin pain in children aged 6 months to <6 years with atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Wootten S, Wiseman N, Harris N. Measuring the outcomes for aged care residents' participation in physical activity interventions: A systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Australas J Ageing 2022; 41:165-187. [PMID: 34921588 DOI: 10.1111/ajag.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Lack of physical activity presents substantial health risks to older adults living in residential aged care facilities. The objective of this review was to examine the suitability of physical activity outcome measurement instruments among cognitively sound residents. METHODS Search terms were used to explore health, nursing and social science databases to identify applicable English-language research from January 2000 to July 2020. RESULTS Sixteen papers met the inclusion criteria. The findings show that a diverse range of outcome measurement instruments have been used to evaluate physical activity intervention effectiveness. Most were found not to be validated for use specifically with residential aged care populations. CONCLUSIONS A range of Outcome Measurement Instruments (OMI) appear to effectively measure physical activity intervention outcomes among residential aged care older adults. Results highlighted the need for greater rigour in study design and selection of valid and population-appropriate instruments for use with this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Wootten
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicola Wiseman
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Neil Harris
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
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22
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Norton L, Parkinson J, Harris N, Darcy M, Hart L. Parental Food Communication and Child Eating Behaviours: A Systematic Literature Review. Health Promot J Austr 2022; 34:366-378. [PMID: 35363899 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To review current evidence for parental food communication practices and their association with child eating behaviours. METHODS The PRISMA framework guided the reporting of the review; registered with Prospero in July 2020 (blinded for peer review). Eligible studies were critically appraised using the Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Only quantitative studies that included a parental measure of food communication and a child measure of eating behaviour were included. RESULTS From 11063 articles 23 were eligible for synthesis. The vast majority (82%) of studies used observational cross-sectional designs. Three involved observing parent-child dyads, with the remainder using questionnaires. Two quasi-experimental designs tested interventions and two randomised control trial were reported. The majority of measures assessing parental food communication were subscales of larger questionnaires. The Caregiver's Feeding Style Questionnaire (CFSQ) was the most direct and relevant measure of parental food communication. Findings of reviewed studies highlighted that "how" parents communicate about food appears to impact child eating behaviours. Using child-centred communication provided promising outcomes for positive child eating behaviours, while parental "diet" communication was found to be associated with poorer dietary outcomes in children. CONCLUSIONS Food communication research is in its infancy. However, evidence for the importance of parents' child-focused food communication is emerging, providing a focus for future research and interventions. SO WHAT?: Given the gaps in our understanding about prevention of disordered eating, there is a significant opportunity to explore what food communication strategies may assist parents to communicate about food in a positive way.
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Aminde JA, Harris N, Thng C, Desbrow B. Effectiveness of self-managed home and community exercise interventions in improving physical activity, body adiposity and related health indices in adults living with HIV: a protocol for a systematic review. Syst Rev 2022; 11:37. [PMID: 35241154 PMCID: PMC8895643 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-022-01908-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Disorders of adipose tissue distribution in people living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have been associated with significant metabolic derangements that increase their risk of cardiometabolic and other chronic diseases. Systematic reviews focusing on supervised laboratory-based exercise interventions demonstrate that these interventions improve adipose tissue distribution and related health outcomes in people living with HIV (PLWH). However, there is a need to examine the effectiveness of more pragmatic home or community exercise programmes. The aim of this review will be to synthesize existing evidence on the effectiveness of self-managed home or community exercise interventions to improve physical activity levels, adipose tissue distribution and associated health indices in PLWH. METHODS This review will encompass interventional studies that evaluate the effect of prescribed exercise programmes performed in the home or community with minimal supervision, by adults living with HIV. The following will be searched from inception: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Physiotherapy Evidence Database, SPORTDiscus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and Clinicaltrials.gov. Screening of studies and data extraction will be conducted by two independent reviewers. The risk of bias in included studies will be assessed using version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) and the Risk of Bias In Non-Randomized Studies-of Interventions (ROBINS-I) tool for non-randomized concurrently controlled and single-arm interventional studies. A random effects meta-analysis will be used to pool effect estimates for outcomes of interest (measures of physical activity and body adiposity). However, if pooling is deemed inappropriate due to substantial differences between studies, a narrative synthesis will be performed. This protocol is written according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-analysis Protocols 2015 statement (see Additional file 1). DISCUSSION This review shall provide evidence to support or disapprove the prescription of self-managed exercise interventions in a particularly vulnerable population. We will equally explore the potential impact of technology in improving physical activity outcomes. Our findings could help guide clinicians involved in the care of PLWH in prescribing exercise and inform the design of future trials and research. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42021223357 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeannine Anyingu Aminde
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work (SHS), Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4222, Australia.
| | - Neil Harris
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Caroline Thng
- Gold Coast University Hospital, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia
| | - Ben Desbrow
- School of Health Sciences and Social Work (SHS), Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, 4222, Australia
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Rajasekhar A, Arnaoutakis GJ, Janelle GM, Harris N, Wynn T, Anderson RD, Ashton JN, Mandernach MW. Multidisciplinary Management of a Hemophilia A Patient Requiring Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2021; 36:534-538. [PMID: 34895963 DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2021.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Rajasekhar
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.
| | - George J Arnaoutakis
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Gregory M Janelle
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Neil Harris
- Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Tung Wynn
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - R David Anderson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Jennifer N Ashton
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Florida Health Shands, Gainesville, FL
| | - Molly W Mandernach
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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25
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Norton L, Parkinson J, Harris N, Hart LM. What Factors Predict the Use of Coercive Food Parenting Practices among Mothers of Young Children? An Examination of Food Literacy, Disordered Eating and Parent Demographics. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph181910538. [PMID: 34639838 PMCID: PMC8508140 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Parents have the most significant influence on the development of young children’s eating patterns. Understanding what parental factors best predict specific negative feeding practices is important for designing preventive interventions. We examined the relationship between parents’ use of coercive food parenting practices (pressure to eat and restriction) and parents’ disordered eating, food literacy, Body Mass Index (BMI) and socio-economic status (SES). Adult mothers, with a mean age of 33 years, at least one child aged between 6 months and 5 years and living in Australia (n = 819) completed an online questionnaire. Regression models were used to examine predictors of pressure to eat and restriction, respectively. Although the amount of variance accounted for by the models was small, maternal eating disorder symptoms were found to be the most important predictor of coercive food parenting practices. This finding has implications for early nutrition education, which has traditionally focused heavily on nutrition literacy. Parental disordered eating may be a more important preventive target and thus including behavioral strategies for positive feeding practices may better assist mothers in promoting positive eating habits with their children, rather than traditional approaches that aim to increase nutrition literacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyza Norton
- Department of Social Marketing, Griffith University, 1 Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Joy Parkinson
- Department of Social Marketing, Griffith University, 1 Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia;
| | - Neil Harris
- Department of Public Health, Griffith University, 1 Parklands Drive, Southport, QLD 4215, Australia;
| | - Laura M. Hart
- Centre for Mental Health, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 207 Bouverie Street, Carlton, VIC 3010, Australia;
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Evans N, Boyd H, Harris N, Noonan K, Ingram T, Jarvis A, Ridgers J, Cheston R. The experience of using prompting technology from the perspective of people with Dementia and their primary carers. Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:1433-1441. [PMID: 32223428 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1745145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES People who are living with dementia typically experience difficulties in completing multi-step, everyday tasks. However, digital technology such as touchscreen tablets provide a means of delivering concise personalised prompts that combine audio, text and pictures. This study was one component of a broader, mixed methods study that tested how an application (app) -based prompter running on a touchscreen tablet computer could support everyday activities in individuals with mild to moderate dementia. In this study we set out to understand the experiences of people living with dementia and their primary carer in using the prompter over a four-week period. METHOD We collected qualitative data using semi-structured interviews from 26 dyads, composed of a person living with dementia and their carer. Dyads were interviewed at the start and end of this period. Transcripts were then analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS The study identified three overarching themes related to: participants' attitudes towards the technology; their judgements about how useful the prompter would be; and the emotional impact of using it. CONCLUSION Consistent with the Technology Acceptance Model, carers and participants were influenced by their approaches to technology and determined the usefulness of the prompter according to whether it worked for them and fitted into their routines. In addition, participants' decisions about using the prompter were also determined by the extent to which doing so would impact on their self-identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Evans
- Designability, Wolfson Centre, Royal United Hospital, Bath, UK
| | - H Boyd
- Designability, Wolfson Centre, Royal United Hospital, Bath, UK
| | - N Harris
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - K Noonan
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - T Ingram
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - A Jarvis
- Research Institute for the Care of Older People, the RICE Centre, Royal United Hospital, Bath, UK
| | - J Ridgers
- Designability, Wolfson Centre, Royal United Hospital, Bath, UK
| | - R Cheston
- Health and Social Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
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27
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Reyes Bernard N, Basit A, Sofija E, Phung H, Lee J, Rutherford S, Sebar B, Harris N, Phung D, Wiseman N. Analysis of crisis communication by the Prime Minister of Australia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Disaster Risk Reduct 2021; 62:102375. [PMID: 36568696 PMCID: PMC9766882 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Leadership and communication capabilities of federal leaders during crises are imperative to support and guide citizens' behaviors and emotions. The following content analysis examines crisis communication delivered by the Australian Prime Minister (PM), Scott Morrison during the COVID-19 pandemic. Communication delivered over seven months starting from the first reported case of COVID-19 in Australia, was analyzed through a process of coding to identify central organizing crisis communication frames and themes and measured against eleven main themes based on principles of Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication (CERC) recommended by the WHO and US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Transcripts were sourced from the PM's official website and 91 communiques were analyzed. Key epidemiological indicators and public health measures were reviewed over timeframe to examine changes in communication over the pandemic. Findings indicated that PM Morrison included many features of CERC within his official messaging. Our analysis revealed that the original framework was limited in its scope to encompass certain messages and thus the allocation of new frames,'public health and medical advice' and 'assuring and commending the public and institutions', allowed for a more thorough analysis of communication during a novel global health pandemic. The temporal analysis demonstrated that the government's policy and communication temporally followed case numbers and relative threat of the virus. This study has provided an in-depth review of CERC during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. New frames and themes for the current CERC framework are suggested which can be transferable to other crises in Australia and other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Reyes Bernard
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Abdul Basit
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Ernesta Sofija
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Hai Phung
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Jessica Lee
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Shannon Rutherford
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Bernadette Sebar
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Neil Harris
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Dung Phung
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland, 4222, Australia
| | - Nicola Wiseman
- School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University, Parklands Drive, Southport, Queensland, 4222, Australia
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28
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Wootten S, Harris N, Wiseman N. Self-identified motivators for physical activity: Perspectives of older residential care facility residents. Health Promot J Austr 2021; 33:519-523. [PMID: 34297432 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To inform strategies to increase physical activity amongst Older Residential Care Facility Residents (ORCFR), this research explored self-identified motivators for, benefits of and barriers to physical activity engagement. METHODS The research was framed within a salutogenic model of health, viewing health as a continuum shaped by one's health resources and life stressors. This exploratory qualitative research examined the physical activity experiences of seven ORCFR in Brisbane, Australia. Semi-structured interviews with open-ended questions assessed basic demographics, Physical Activity (PA) levels, perceived benefits of and barriers to PA. The resulting data underwent thematic analysis. RESULTS After seven interviews, data saturation was reached, revealing three major themes and seven subthemes. These were positive socialisation (inclusion) with subthemes of enjoying social contact and avoiding "zombieland" (loneliness). Negative socialisation (isolation) with subthemes of avoiding conflict and feeling awkward. Maintaining independence was the benefit, with subthemes of getting around to socialise, activities of daily living and preserving health to socialise. CONCLUSION Conventional physical activity programs emphasising medical and clinical benefits are disconnected from ORCFR motivators, as residents perceive benefits in terms of mobility and socialisation. This disconnect partially explains poor acceptability and uptake of ORCFR physical activity interventions over the last 25 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven Wootten
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Neil Harris
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicola Wiseman
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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Beal SG, Winchester DE, Wilkerson G, Harris N, Allen B. Comparison of Patient Results on a New High-Sensitivity Troponin I Assay with a Conventional Assay, Focusing on Clinically Relevant Cutpoints. J Appl Lab Med 2021; 5:597-599. [PMID: 32445354 DOI: 10.1093/jalm/jfaa014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stacy G Beal
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - David E Winchester
- Cardiovascular Medicine Department, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | | | - Neil Harris
- Department of Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Brandon Allen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
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Santhira Shagar P, Donovan CL, Boddy J, Tapp C, Harris N. Does culture moderate the relationship between body dissatisfaction and quality of life? A comparative study of Australian and Malaysian emerging adults. Health Psychol Open 2021; 8:20551029211018378. [PMID: 34104460 PMCID: PMC8170297 DOI: 10.1177/20551029211018378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigating moderating effects of culture between body dissatisfaction (BD) and
quality of life (QoL) is paramount, as BD affects psychosocial functioning.
Participants include 866 females (18–25) years old from Australia
(n = 464) M (20.88) SD (3.38) and Malaysia
(n = 402) M (20.63) SD (2.05). Higher
levels of BD predicted lower levels of QoL across all four domains. BD had the
strongest effect on psychological QoL for both cultures. Culture moderated the
relationship between BD and: (i) physical QoL and (ii) environmental QoL. The
adverse impact of BD on all domains of QoL, highlights the importance of BD as a
public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravina Santhira Shagar
- Pravina Santhira Shagar, School of
Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast campus, QLD 4222, Australia.
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Naidu CK, Wiseman N, Harris N. Factors Associated with Low Screening Participation and Late Presentation of Cancer amongst Women in the Pacific Island Countries and Territories: A Systematic Review. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:1451-1458. [PMID: 34048173 PMCID: PMC8408407 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.5.1451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: In most Pacific Island Countries and Territories (PICTs), cancer patients commonly present at very late stages and by the time the disease is diagnosed, it is often too late for treatment. This review examines the evidence on factors associated with low cancer screening participation and late presentation of cancer among women of the PICTs. Materials and Methods: Medline, PubMed, ProQuest and The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature were searched to identify relevant studies for this review. Terms of medical subject headings was performed in combination with other key words such as “screening”, “delay”, “determinants”, “awareness”. Results: Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria of this review. Six factors were identified from these studies: resources and facilities, trust in the health care system, culture and tradition, modesty, awareness and socioeconomic status. Conclusion: Due to several barriers and factors, women in the PICTs are hindered from accessing cancer screening practices and often present late with cancer symptoms leading to advanced stage diagnosis. The findings of this study provide a foundation for future studies that could focus more in-depth to explain how these factors contribute to the presentation of cancer in late stages.
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Li L, He L, Harris N, Zhou Y, Engel J, Bragin A. Topographical reorganization of brain functional connectivity during an early period of epileptogenesis. Epilepsia 2021; 62:1231-1243. [PMID: 33720411 DOI: 10.1111/epi.16863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The current study aims to investigate functional brain network representations during the early period of epileptogenesis. METHODS Eighteen rats with the intrahippocampal kainate model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy were used for this experiment. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) measurements were made 1 week after status epilepticus, followed by 2-4-month electrophysiological and video monitoring. Animals were identified as having (1) developed epilepsy (E+, n = 9) or (2) not developed epilepsy (E-, n = 6). Nine additional animals served as controls. Graph theory analysis was performed on the fMRI data to quantify the functional brain networks in all animals prior to the development of epilepsy. Spectrum clustering with the network features was performed to estimate their predictability in epileptogenesis. RESULTS Our data indicated that E+ animals showed an overall increase in functional connectivity strength compared to E- and control animals. Global network features and small-worldness of E- rats were similar to controls, whereas E+ rats demonstrated increased small-worldness, including increased reorganization degree, clustering coefficient, and global efficiency, with reduced shortest pathlength. A notable classification of the combined brain network parameters was found in E+ and E- animals. For the local network parameters, the E- rats showed increased hubs in sensorimotor cortex, and decreased hubness in hippocampus. The E+ rats showed a complete loss of hippocampal hubs, and the appearance of new hubs in the prefrontal cortex. We also observed that lesion severity was not related to epileptogenesis. SIGNIFICANCE Our data provide a view of the reorganization of topographical functional brain networks in the early period of epileptogenesis and how it can significantly predict the development of epilepsy. The differences from E- animals offer a potential means for applying noninvasive neuroimaging tools for the early prediction of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Lingna He
- Department of Computer Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Zhejiang, China
| | - Neil Harris
- Department of Neurosurgery, UCLA Brain Injury Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles,, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Intellectual Development and Disorders Research Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA
| | - Jerome Engel
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Neurobiology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Anatol Bragin
- Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Brain Research Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Cuesta-Briand B, Sofija E, Burich S, Harris N. Beliefs about cancer causation in Samoa: results from an awareness campaign recall survey. Rural Remote Health 2021; 21:6118. [PMID: 33675680 DOI: 10.22605/rrh6118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer is a leading cause of death in Samoa. Cultural beliefs shape attitudes towards disease and disease prevention in Pacific countries, and are a barrier to engaging in cancer screening services. METHODS A survey of 205 Samoan adults conducted as part of the evaluation of the first cancer awareness campaign implemented in Samoa explored beliefs about cancer causation. RESULTS Lifestyle factors associated with a departure from fa'aSamoa (traditional lifestyle) were most commonly cited as causing cancer. Cancer was also attributed to pathogens and person-to-person transmission, and, to a lesser extent, cultural beliefs including supernatural agency (spirits, God). CONCLUSION Addressing misconceptions while integrating certain aspects of fa'aSamoa into cancer control strategies could support greater engagement in health promotion practices and screening initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Cuesta-Briand
- Samoa Cancer Society, Hospital Complex, Moto'otua, Apia, Samoa. Present address: Rural Clinical School, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Ernesta Sofija
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4222, Australia
| | - Shelley Burich
- Samoa Cancer Society, Hospital Complex, Moto'otua, Apia, Samoa. Present address: PO Box 3439, Apia, Samoa
| | - Neil Harris
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Qld 4222, Australia
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Hashemi N, Marzban M, Sebar B, Harris N. Perceived discrimination and subjective well-being among Middle Eastern migrants in Australia: The moderating role of perceived social support. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2021; 67:110-119. [PMID: 32635789 DOI: 10.1177/0020764020940740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Middle Eastern (ME) migrants are vulnerable to developing mental health problems due to pre-migration and post-migration traumas and stresses. The evidence on the subjective well-being of ME migrants and its contributing factors is limited and inconclusive. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to examine the moderating role of perceived social support in the association between perceived discrimination and subjective well-being, after controlling for socio-demographic factors. METHOD(S) This cross-sectional survey study was conducted in Queensland, Australia. A total of 382 first-generation young adult ME migrants, aged between 20 to 39 years, completed a self-administered questionnaire. To analyse data, a series of three hierarchical multiple regression (HMR) analyses were conducted, one for each of the subjective well-being components (i.e., positive affect, negative affect, and satisfaction with life). The interaction between perceived social support and perceived discrimination for the prediction of subjective well-being components was further explored using simple slope analysis. RESULTS Gender was found to be a significant predictor of positive and negative affect. Education was found to predict satisfaction with life, but not positive and negative affect. Married migrants were found to have significantly higher life satisfaction, positive affect and lower negative affect. Perceived social support had a moderating role in the association between perceived discrimination and subjective well-being. CONCLUSION Considering the buffering role of perceived social support against the adverse effects of perceived discrimination on subjective well-being, organizations and individuals working with ME migrants should acknowledge the significance of social support and improve their capacity to deliver effective and appropriate social support services to migrants experiencing discrimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Hashemi
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Maryam Marzban
- The Persian Gulf Tropical Medicine Research Center, The Persian Gulf Biomedical Sciences Research Institute, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Bernadette Sebar
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Neil Harris
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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Sofija E, Harris N, Sebar B, Phung D. Who Are the Flourishing Emerging Adults on the Urban East Coast of Australia? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:1125. [PMID: 33514003 PMCID: PMC7908618 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
It is increasingly recognised that strategies to treat or prevent mental illness alone do not guarantee a mentally healthy population. Emerging adults have been identified as a particularly vulnerable population when it comes to mental health concerns. While mental illnesses are carefully monitored and researched, less is known about mental wellbeing or flourishing, that is, experience of both high hedonic and eudaimonic wellbeing. This cross-sectional study examined the prevalence of flourishing and its predictors among emerging adults in Australia. 1155 emerging adults aged 18-25 years completed a survey containing measures of wellbeing, social networks, social connectedness, health status, and socio-demographic variables. Most participants (60.4%) experienced moderate levels of wellbeing, 38.6% were flourishing and 1% were languishing (low wellbeing). Flourishers were more likely to be older, identify as Indigenous, be in a romantic relationship, study at university, perceive their family background as wealthy, rate their general health status as excellent, and have higher perceived social resources. The findings show that the majority of emerging adults are not experiencing flourishing and offer an insight into potential target groups and settings, such as vocational education colleges, for emerging adult mental health promotion. Interventions that help strengthen social resources have the potential to improve the mental wellbeing of emerging adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesta Sofija
- School of Medicine, Gold Coast Campus, Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD 4222, Australia; (N.H.); (B.S.); (D.P.)
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Sofija E, Harris N, Phung D, Sav A, Sebar B. Does Flourishing Reduce Engagement in Unhealthy and Risky Lifestyle Behaviours in Emerging Adults? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:E9472. [PMID: 33348792 PMCID: PMC7766773 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17249472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Emerging adulthood is a transitional life stage with increased probability of risky and unhealthy lifestyle behaviours that are known to have strong links with premature mortality and morbidity. Wellbeing, as a positive subjective experience, is identified as a factor that encourages self-care and may steer individuals away from risky lifestyle behaviours. Investigating wellbeing-behaviour links in the emerging adult population may increase understanding of the factors that lead to, and ways to prevent, engagement in risky behaviours. This study examines the association between flourishing, that is, the experience of both high hedonic and eudaimonic wellbeing, and a broad range of risky and unhealthy lifestyle behaviours among emerging adults in Australia. A cross-sectional survey of 1155 emerging adults aged 18-25 years measured wellbeing, socio-demographics, and six groups of lifestyle behaviours surrounding substance use, physical activity, diet, sex, sun protection, and driving. Bivariate and multivariate statistics were used to analyse the data. The findings revealed that flourishing was negatively associated with more dangerous types of risk behaviours, such as driving under the influence of drugs, and positively associated with self-care behaviours, such as healthier dietary behaviour and sun protection. If enabling emerging adults to flourish can contribute to reduced engagement in risky/unhealthy lifestyle behaviours, then promoting it is an important goal for health promotion efforts not only because flourishing is desirable in its own right, but also to bring about sustainable change in behaviour. Further research is needed to inform the designs of such interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesta Sofija
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport 4222, Australia; (N.H.); (D.P.); (B.S.)
| | - Neil Harris
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport 4222, Australia; (N.H.); (D.P.); (B.S.)
| | - Dung Phung
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport 4222, Australia; (N.H.); (D.P.); (B.S.)
| | - Adem Sav
- School of Public Health and Social Work, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Kelvin Grove Campus, Brisbane 4059, Australia;
| | - Bernadette Sebar
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport 4222, Australia; (N.H.); (D.P.); (B.S.)
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Caulkins H, Rand K, Harris N, Beal S. Nonconcordance of E, N, and RdRp Genes in SARS-Coronavirus-2 Nucleic Acid Amplification Test Among Patients Older than 60 Years. Am J Clin Pathol 2020. [PMCID: PMC7665298 DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa161.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
During the COVID-19 pandemic, the FDA authorized emergency use of nucleic acid amplification (NAA) testing. Accurate and rapid testing identifies infected persons, especially among at-risk populations. In our institution, the InGenius platform detects three gene targets of SARS-Coronavirus-2: envelope (E), nucleocapsid (N), and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp). Nonconcordance of these components present accuracy or precision errors or may correspond to varying expression of viral genes with disease progression.
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the result components from 93 nasopharyngeal swabs from 50 patients older than 60 years and positive for SARS-Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The symptom onset date was determined by chart review.
Results
We found a significant 26% nonconcordance rate, with a predominant pattern demonstrating positive N with negative RdRp and E (χ2 = 27.25, P < 0.0005). This nonconcordant pattern was more prevalent at longer symptom durations. In 7 patients with serial testing, the transition from concordant to nonconcordant results occurred 12 days (95% CI 3.5 – 20.3 days) after symptom onset.
Conclusion
This may be caused by several mechanisms. Possibilities include decreased expression of E and RdRp over time, inhibition of expression by treatments or host immune response, or lower viral titers by clearance or migration to the lower respiratory tract. Presence of a different viral strain or systematic processing errors are less likely causes of nonconcordance. Future directions of study would determine whether a similar decline in RdRp and E detection is seen in tracheal samples or if this correlates with changes in symptom severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Caulkins
- Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, UNITED STATES
| | - K Rand
- Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, UNITED STATES
| | - N Harris
- Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, UNITED STATES
| | - S Beal
- Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, UNITED STATES
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Sidhu JPS, Gupta VVSR, Stange C, Ho J, Harris N, Barry K, Gonzalez D, Van Nostrand JD, Zhou J, Page D, Tiehm A, Toze S. Prevalence of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in the biofilms from an aquifer recharged with stormwater. Water Res 2020; 185:116269. [PMID: 32798893 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An improved understanding of the diversity and composition of microbial communities carrying antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence genes (VGs) in aquifers recharged with stormwater is essential to comprehend potential human health risks from water reuse. A high-throughput functional gene array was used to study the prevalence of ARGs and VGs in aquifer biofilms (n = 27) taken from three boreholes over three months. Bacterial genera annotated as opportunistic pathogens such as Aeromonas, Burkholderia, Pseudomonas, Shewanella, and Vibrio were ubiquitous and abundant in all biofilms. Bacteria from clinically relevant genera, Campylobacter, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, Mycobacterium, Mycoplasma, and Salmonella were detected in biofilms. The mean travel time of stormwater from the injection well to P1 and P3 boreholes was 260 and 360 days respectively. The presence of ARGs and VGs in the biofilms from these boreholes suggest a high spatial movement of ARGs and VGs in the aquifer. The ARGs with the highest abundance were small multidrug resistance efflux pumps (SMR) and multidrug efflux (Mex) followed by β-lactamase C genes. β- lactamase C encoding genes were primarily detected in Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Bacillaceae, and Rhodobacteraceae families. The VGs encoding siderophores, including aerobactin (iro and iuc genes), followed by pilin, hemolysin, and type III secretion were ubiquitous. Canonical correspondence analysis suggested that Total Organic Carbon (TOC), Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), turbidity, and Fe concentration has a significant impact on the microbial community structure of bacteria carrying ARGs and VGs. Post abstraction treatment of groundwater may be prudent to improve water security and reduce potential health risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P S Sidhu
- CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere, Ecoscience Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Brisbane 4102, Australia.
| | - V V S R Gupta
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Locked Bag No. 2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - C Stange
- DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser (TZW), Karlsruher Street 84, D-76139 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - J Ho
- DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser (TZW), Karlsruher Street 84, D-76139 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - N Harris
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Locked Bag No. 2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - K Barry
- CSIRO Land and Water Private Bag 2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - D Gonzalez
- CSIRO Land and Water Private Bag 2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - J D Van Nostrand
- Institute of Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - J Zhou
- Institute of Environmental Genomics, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - D Page
- CSIRO Land and Water Private Bag 2, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - A Tiehm
- DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser (TZW), Karlsruher Street 84, D-76139 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - S Toze
- CSIRO Land and Water, Ecoscience Precinct, 41 Boggo Road, Brisbane 4102, Australia
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Ronto R, Carins J, Ball L, Pendergast D, Harris N. Adolescents' views on high school food environments. Health Promot J Austr 2020; 32:458-466. [PMID: 32619026 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED This study explored adolescents' views on high school food environments and potential strategies to help them to make informed food choices. METHODS Fifteen focus groups were conducted with 131 adolescents aged 12-17 years from three high schools in South East Queensland, Australia. Adolescents were asked how their school food environment (dis)encouraged them to eat healthy and what schools could do to help them eat healthier. All focus groups were audio recorded. Data were analysed using content and thematic data analysis methods. RESULTS Four major themes emerged: food availability and affordability; food related policy and regulations; nutrition education; and attitudes, preferences and practices. Adolescents stated that nutrition education within the school curriculum and positive role modelling by peers and school staff in healthy eating were the major factors in helping them to make informed food choices. In contrast, high availability, affordability, fundraising, peer pressure, positive attitudes and negative role modelling towards unhealthy foods impacted unhealthy dietary behaviours. CONCLUSIONS Emerging results indicate that adolescents do not perceive the current high school food environments as helping them to make healthy food choices. Adolescents suggested limiting unhealthy foods in high schools by implementing strict food and beverage policies, compulsory nutrition education classes and changing attitudes towards healthy foods as strategies to improve high school food environments. SO WHAT?: This study highlights the importance of high school food environments in impacting adolescents' food choices. Strategies identified by adolescents inform public health practitioners and school authorities on how high school food environments could be tailored to help them in making better food choices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rimante Ronto
- Department of Health Systems and Populations, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Julia Carins
- Defence Science and Technology Group, Scottsdale, TAS, Australia.,Social Marketing @ Griffith, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Lauren Ball
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Donna Pendergast
- School of Education and Professional Studies, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Neil Harris
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
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Bennett SA, Harris N, Chaffin J, Beal S. Educational Case: Hematologic and Immunologic Response to Allergic Rhinitis With Other Causes of Leukocytosis. Acad Pathol 2020; 7:2374289520953568. [PMID: 33088908 PMCID: PMC7545511 DOI: 10.1177/2374289520953568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The following fictional case is intended as a learning tool within the Pathology Competencies for Medical Education (PCME), a set of national standards for teaching pathology. These are divided into three basic competencies: Disease Mechanisms and Processes, Organ System Pathology, and Diagnostic Medicine and Therapeutic Pathology. For additional information, and a full list of learning objectives for all three competencies, seehttp://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2374289517715040.1
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Andre Bennett
- University of Florida, Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Neil Harris
- University of Florida, Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Joanna Chaffin
- University of Florida, Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Stacy Beal
- University of Florida, Pathology, Immunology, and Laboratory Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Vecchio N, Comans T, Harris P, Graham V, Cully A, Harris N, Fitzgerald J, Cartmel J, Golenko X, Radford K. Economic Evaluation of Intergenerational Programs: Suggested Measures and Design. Journal of Intergenerational Relationships 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15350770.2020.1810194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Vecchio
- Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - P. Harris
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - V. Graham
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - A. Cully
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - N. Harris
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - J. Cartmel
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
- Griffith Health School
| | - X. Golenko
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - K. Radford
- Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
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Tuffaha H, Radford K, Chai A, Rutherford S, Harris N, Scuffham P. PNS23 Setting Health Priorities in Low-Income and Middle-Income Countries in the ASIA-Pacific Region: The Case of Papua New Guinea. Value Health Reg Issues 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2020.07.442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Golenko X, Radford K, Fitzgerald JA, Vecchio N, Cartmel J, Harris N. Uniting generations: A research protocol examining the impacts of an intergenerational learning program on participants and organisations. Australas J Ageing 2020; 39:e425-e435. [PMID: 31919942 PMCID: PMC7687250 DOI: 10.1111/ajag.12761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Economic, health and social issues associated with the ageing population and the disconnect between the generations call for novel approaches to care services. Intergenerational programs are known to enhance engagement between generations, improve health and well-being and create a stronger sense of community. While the health and social benefits are well documented, little attention has been given to the operational aspects of intergenerational programs within care facilities. This paper describes the research protocol used to develop, implement and evaluate an intergenerational learning program for preschool-aged children and older people attending care services. The research focuses on five key areas: (a) impact on older people and children; (b) intergenerational learning; (c) workforce development; (d) socio-economic implications and costs; and (e) program fidelity and sustainability. Findings from this research are expected to contribute to building age-friendly communities through the development of practical operational guidelines for intergenerational learning programs to be implemented more broadly across Australia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xanthe Golenko
- Department of Business Strategy and InnovationGriffith Business SchoolCold Coast CampusGriffith UniversityGold CoastQldAustralia
| | - Katrina Radford
- Department of Business Strategy and InnovationGriffith Business SchoolCold Coast CampusGriffith UniversityGold CoastQldAustralia
| | - Janna Anneke Fitzgerald
- Department of Business Strategy and InnovationGriffith Business SchoolCold Coast CampusGriffith UniversityGold CoastQldAustralia
| | - Nerina Vecchio
- Department of Accounting, Finance and EconomicsGriffith Business SchoolGriffith UniversityGold CoastQldAustralia
| | - Jennifer Cartmel
- School of Human Services and Social WorkGriffith UniversityLogan CityQldAustralia
| | - Neil Harris
- Public Health, School of MedicineGriffith UniversityGold CoastQldAustralia
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Vorage L, Wiseman N, Graca J, Harris N. The Association of Demographic Characteristics and Food Choice Motives with the Consumption of Functional Foods in Emerging Adults. Nutrients 2020; 12:E2582. [PMID: 32854396 PMCID: PMC7551355 DOI: 10.3390/nu12092582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The functional food market is one of the fastest growing segments of the global food industry. The aims of this study were to understand the association of demographic characteristics and food choice motives (FCMs) with (a) attitudes toward functional foods and (b) consumption of functional foods in Australian emerging adults. Data were collected through a paper-based and online questionnaire completed by 370 young adults aged between 17 and 29 years. A binomial logistic regression was used to determine the association between demographic characteristics and FCMs with attitudes towards functional foods. The logistic regression model was statistically significant at χ2(11) = 48.310 (p < 0.001) and explained 18.1% of the variance in attitude towards functional food. Of the several predictors, only the FCMs natural content and weight control were statistically significant. A binomial logistic regression was also used to determine the association between demographic characteristics and FCMs with the consumption of functional foods. The logistic regression model was statistically significant at χ2(9) = 37.499 (p < 0.001) and explained 14.1% of the variance in functional food consumption. Of the eight predictors, three were statistically significant: living situation, natural content and health. Findings highlight that when targeting emerging adults, functional food companies could benefit from promoting the natural and health properties of their products. Furthermore, consumption can be increased by targeting the parents of emerging adults and by designing functional foods that attract emerging adults interested in controlling weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lieke Vorage
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia; (N.W.); (N.H.)
| | - Nicola Wiseman
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia; (N.W.); (N.H.)
| | - Joana Graca
- Morlife (Pty) Ltd., Arundel, QLD 4214, Australia;
| | - Neil Harris
- School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, Southport, QLD 4222, Australia; (N.W.); (N.H.)
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Nurmala I, Pertiwi ED, Muthmainnah M, Rachmayanti RD, Devi YP, Harris N, Wiseman N, Li CY. Peer-to-peer education to prevent drug use: A qualitative analysis of the perspectives of student peer educators from Surabaya, Indonesia. Health Promot J Austr 2020; 32 Suppl 2:206-211. [PMID: 32767622 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED Adolescence is a transition period between childhood and adulthood during which an individual is more likely to engage in drug use. Peer education is one strategy suggested to discourage adolescents from engaging in negative lifestyle behaviours including drug use. This qualitative research was conducted to understand the perspectives of student peer educators to provide counselling to their peers around drug use. METHODS Data were gathered at 10 senior high schools in five regions of Surabaya through semi-structured interviews (student peer educators: n = 20; teachers: n = 13) and focus group discussions (three FGDs with student peer educators: n = 25). The data were analysed through thematic analysis following procedures of data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. RESULTS The peer educators showed readiness (actual or potential) to provide counselling based on the external factor (confidence of ongoing support) and internal factors (motivate healthy lifestyle choices, ready with an open ear, self-development and share knowledge and experience). CONCLUSIONS The readiness to provide counselling emphasises the preparedness of the students to help their peers and appeared underpinned by their self development and personal experiences. A capacity building program to enable student peer educators to enhance their skills to motivate healthy lifestyle choices would be of benefit. SO WHAT?: The confidence in ongoing support factor recognises the essential role of stakeholders to visibly advocate for the reactivation of the peer educator program for high school students as a clear sign of support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ira Nurmala
- Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Elisa D Pertiwi
- Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | | | - Yuli P Devi
- Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Neil Harris
- Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Public Health, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Nicola Wiseman
- Public Health, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Chung Y Li
- Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Department of Public Health, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Sirasa F, Mitchell L, Harris N. Dietary diversity and food intake of urban preschool children in North-Western Sri Lanka. Matern Child Nutr 2020; 16:e13006. [PMID: 32351007 PMCID: PMC7507074 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Childhood malnutrition, associated with poor diet, is a clear public health threat in Sri Lanka, with high rates of under‐nutrition and micronutrient deficiencies coupled with the growing risk of overweight/obesity in urban locations. This study explored the dietary diversity and food intake of urban living Sri Lankan preschool children. A cross‐sectional analysis of the baseline data from a cohort study was conducted with parents/caregivers of children aged 2–6 years, from 21 preschool centres in Kurunegala District, Sri Lanka. Demographic and socio‐economic factors, dietary diversity score (DDS) (n = 597) and food intake (n = 458) (using a food frequency questionnaire) were assessed. Children had a mean DDS of 4.56 ± 0·85 out of 9, with most (91.1%) in the medium DDS category (DDS of 3.1–6.0), consuming rice as most common food. Lentils were consumed more than any meat or alternative food groups at all DDS levels. Child DDS differs with parent/caregiver age and ethnicity. Mean daily intakes of fruit (1.02) and vegetables (0.84) servings align with approximately half of national recommendations, with less than 20% of children meeting daily recommendations. More than one‐third consumed sugary snacks and confectionaries daily and 1 in 10 had them twice a day. Around 40% reported watching television while eating the evening meal. Despite the majority having reasonable DDSs (medium category), findings highlighted inadequate intakes of fruits and vegetables, excessive intakes of sugary snacks and unhealthy dietary and social behaviours, suggests the need for population‐based interventions to promote healthier dietary habits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathima Sirasa
- Public Health, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,Department of Applied Nutrition, Wayamba University of Sri Lanka, Makandura, Sri Lanka
| | - Lana Mitchell
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia.,Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Australia
| | - Neil Harris
- Public Health, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
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Sirasa F, Mitchell LJ, Rigby R, Harris N. Family and community factors shaping the eating behaviour of preschool-aged children in low and middle-income countries: A systematic review of interventions. Prev Med 2019; 129:105827. [PMID: 31476337 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Low and middle-income countries are experiencing the dual burden of malnutrition which is, at least in part, attributable to changes in eating behaviours of children under age five. Development of food choices is influenced by multiple factors and understanding the interplay of these factors in early childhood in these countries is necessary to promote healthy food choices. We conducted a systematic review to examine the evidence of family and community factors targeted in interventions to influence the eating behaviour of preschool-aged children in low and middle-income countries. A search for peer-reviewed papers was conducted using CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Scopus and ProQuest Health Management published prior to September 2018, in English language including preschool-aged children (PROSPERO registration CRD42018108474). Fourteen studies published between 1994 and 2017 were eligible for inclusion. Factors that were consistently and positively associated with children's healthy food consumption were household food availability, nutritional knowledge of family or caregivers and family income. Unhealthy food consumption in children was inversely associated with family or caregivers' nutritional knowledge. Children's micronutrient intake was positively associated with household food availability, nutritional knowledge of family or caregivers and food availability within the surrounding environment. Findings highlight the importance of targeting nutritional knowledge of family or caregivers to facilitate healthy eating behaviours in children. In addition, creating a supportive family environment via increasing household food availability and family income should be considered when designing interventions to promote healthy eating behaviours in preschool-aged children living in low and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fathima Sirasa
- Public Health, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia.
| | - Lana J Mitchell
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Australia.
| | - Roshan Rigby
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia; Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Australia.
| | - Neil Harris
- Public Health, School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD 4222, Australia.
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Terry CF, Shanahan DJ, Ballam LD, Harris N, McDowell DG, Parkes HC. Real-Time Detection of Genetically Modified Soya Using Lightcycler and ABI 7700 Platforms with TaqMan, Scorpion, and SYBR Green I Chemistries. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/85.4.938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A comparative cross platform evaluation of real-time polymerase chain reaction detection of DNA sequences present in Roundup Ready soya was undertaken using the ABI 7700 and Roche Lightcycler detection systems in combination with 3 different detection chemistries: TaqMan, Scorpion primers, and SYBR Green I fluorescent dye. Various copy numbers of a plasmid containing the soya lectin sequence were used to determine the sensitivity and reproducibility of the different technology combinations and to examine both inter and intra machine variability. To examine the relative accuracy of each technology, the genetically modified soya content of baked products containing known amounts of Roundup Ready soya was determined by detection of lectin and the EPSPS transgene. It was determined that the combination of TaqMan detection chemistry and the ABI 7700 platform represented the best method for quantitative detection of genetically modified organisms in terms of both precision and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine F Terry
- Bioanalytical Innovations (F008), LGC (Teddington) Ltd., Queens Rd, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LY, UK
| | - Della J Shanahan
- Bioanalytical Innovations (F008), LGC (Teddington) Ltd., Queens Rd, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LY, UK
| | - Lydia D Ballam
- Bioanalytical Innovations (F008), LGC (Teddington) Ltd., Queens Rd, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LY, UK
| | - Neil Harris
- Bioanalytical Innovations (F008), LGC (Teddington) Ltd., Queens Rd, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LY, UK
| | - David G McDowell
- Bioanalytical Innovations (F008), LGC (Teddington) Ltd., Queens Rd, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LY, UK
| | - Helen C Parkes
- Bioanalytical Innovations (F008), LGC (Teddington) Ltd., Queens Rd, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 0LY, UK
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Abstract
Abstract
The detection of genetically modified crops in foodstuff relies on detection of transgenic DNA or protein material in the sample matrix. Purified DNA or proteins are used as analytical material for polymerase chain reaction technologies and immunodiagnostics. Successful sample preparation is critical to the validity of subsequent analysis. For routine analysis, a good sample preparation technique should be simple, safe, and inexpensive while reproducibly generating DNA/protein of sufficient quality and yield. The suitability of isolated DNA or protein as an analyte for a detection or characterization technique depends on amount or concentration, purity, and integrity, each of which may be influenced by sample matrix and the extraction technique, and, in turn, may impact the validity of analytical techniques. The key sample preparation steps of homogenization, pretreatment, extraction, and purification are discussed as well as typical analytical methods. Consideration is given to application of these steps for particular sample matrixes to maximize yield, reduce inhibition effects, and minimize contamination. The choice of the most appropriate and valid methods for sample preparation from particular foods is discussed with respect to DNA analysis. Attention is also given to ease of use, cost, and generic applicability of the procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine F Terry
- BioAnalytical Innovation Team, LGC, Queens Rd, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 OLY, UK
| | - Neil Harris
- BioAnalytical Innovation Team, LGC, Queens Rd, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 OLY, UK
| | - Helen C Parkes
- BioAnalytical Innovation Team, LGC, Queens Rd, Teddington, Middlesex, TW11 OLY, UK
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Hird H, Powell J, Johnson ML, Oehlschlager S, Anklam E, Buchno M, Bulkmans C, van Duijn G, Foth M, Gachet E, Garrett S, Harris N, Lake R, Moebes A, Moreno C, Popping B, Rentsch J, Sang K, Taesan K, Wiseman G. Determination of Percentage of RoundUp Ready® Soya in Soya Flour Using Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction: Interlaboratory Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.1.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
An interlaboratory study was conducted to evaluate a method for determination of the percentage of RoundUp Ready® (RR) soya in soya flour using Taqman® technology. The method included DNA extraction from the test portion with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide buffer followed by chloroform extraction and Wizard® resin cleanup steps. The DNA was then assayed with primer and probe sets specific for lectin as the endogenous control and the RR insert as the target. The percentage of RR soya in the soya fraction of the sample was calculated by using a matrix-matched standard curve. Ten samples of split-level blind duplicates were sent to 22 laboratories in 12 countries worldwide. Test portions contained 0, 0.5, 0.7, 1.6, 2, and 3.9% (w/w) RR soya prepared gravimetrically from commercially available RR standard reference materials. Based on the results for test materials, the relative standard deviation for repeatability (RSDr) for the method ranged from 9.3 to 19.3% and, for reproducibility (RSDR), ranged from 20.3 to 33.7%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather Hird
- Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne Powell
- Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom
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