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Tetteh PA, Kalvani Z, Stevens D, Sappal R, Kamunde C. Interactions of binary mixtures of metals on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) heart mitochondrial H 2O 2 homeodynamics. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 273:106986. [PMID: 38851027 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
For continuous pumping of blood, the heart needs a constant supply of energy (ATP) that is primarily met via oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes. However, sustained high rates of electron transport for energy conversion redox reactions predisposes the heart to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. Mitochondrial ROS are fundamental drivers of responses to environmental stressors including metals but knowledge of how combinations of metals alter mitochondrial ROS homeodynamics remains sparse. We explored the effects and interactions of binary mixtures of copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn), metals that are common contaminants of aquatic systems, on ROS (hydrogen peroxide, H2O2) homeodynamics in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) heart mitochondria. Isolated mitochondria were energized with glutamate-malate or succinate and exposed to a range of concentrations of the metals singly and in equimolar binary concentrations. Speciation analysis revealed that Cu was highly complexed by glutamate or Tris resulting in Cu2+ concentrations in the picomolar to nanomolar range. The concentration of Cd2+ was 7.2-7.5 % of the total while Zn2+ was 15 % and 21 % of the total during glutamate-malate and succinate oxidation, respectively. The concentration-effect relationships for Cu and Cd on mitochondrial H2O2 emission depended on the substrate while those for Zn were similar during glutamate-malate and succinate oxidation. Cu + Zn and Cu + Cd mixtures exhibited antagonistic interactions wherein Cu reduced the effects of both Cd and Zn, suggesting that Cu can mitigate oxidative distress caused by Cd or Zn. Binary combinations of the metals acted additively to reduce the rate constant and increase the half-life of H2O2 consumption while concomitantly suppressing thioredoxin reductase and stimulating glutathione peroxidase activities. Collectively, our study indicates that binary mixtures of Cu, Zn, and Cd act additively or antagonistically to modulate H2O2 homeodynamics in heart mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pius Abraham Tetteh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, PE, Canada
| | - Zahra Kalvani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, PE, Canada
| | - Don Stevens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, PE, Canada
| | - Ravinder Sappal
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, PE, Canada; Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, New York, USA
| | - Collins Kamunde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, PE, Canada.
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2
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Kumar N, Gismondi E, Reddy KS. Copper and nanocopper toxicity using integrated biomarker response in Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:1581-1600. [PMID: 38009665 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The current study focused on assessing the toxicological effects of copper (Cu) and copper nanoparticles (Cu-NPs) in acute condition on Pangasianodon hypophthalmus. The median lethal concentration (LC50 ) for Cu and Cu-NPs were determined as 8.04 and 3.85 mg L-1 , respectively. For the subsequent definitive test, varying concentrations were selected: 7.0, 7.5, 8.0, 8.5, and 9.0 mg L-1 for Cu, and 3.0, 3.3, 3.6, 3.9, and 4.2 mg L-1 for Cu-NPs. To encompass these concentration levels and assess their toxic effects, biomarkers associated with toxicological studies like oxidative stress, neurotransmission, and cellular metabolism were measured in the liver, kidney, and gill tissues. Notably, during the acute test, the activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-s-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, and lipid peroxide in the liver, gill, and kidney tissues were significantly increased due to exposure to Cu and Cu-NPs. Similarly, acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain was notably inhibited in the presence of Cu and Cu-NPs when compared to the control group. Cellular metabolic stress was greatly influenced by the exposure to Cu and Cu-NPs, evident from the considerable elevation of cortisol, HSP 70, and blood glucose levels in the treated groups. Furthermore, integrated biomarker response, genotoxicity, DNA damage in gill tissue, karyotyping in kidney tissue, and histopathology in gill and liver were investigated, revealing tissue damage attributed to exposure to Cu and Cu-NPs. In conclusion, this study determined that elevated concentrations of essential trace elements, namely Cu and Cu-NPs, induce toxicity and disrupt cellular metabolic activities in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kumar
- ICAR-National Institute of Abiotic Stress Management, Pune, India
| | - Eric Gismondi
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Ecotoxicology (LEAE)-Freshwater and Oceanic Sciences Unit of Research (FOCUS), Chemistry Institute, University of Liege, Liège, Belgium
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3
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Capparelli MV, Dzul-Caamal R, Rodríguez-Cab EM, Borges-Ramírez MM, Osten JRV, Beltran K, Pichardo-Casales B, Ramírez-Olivares AI, Vargas-Abúndez JA, Thurman CL, Moulatlet GM, Rosas C. Synergistic effects of microplastic and lead trigger physiological and biochemical impairment in a mangrove crab. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2024; 276:109809. [PMID: 38056684 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2023.109809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MP) are vectors for other environmental contaminants, such as metals, being a considerable problem, especially in the aquatic ecosystem. To investigate the combined effects of MP (high density polyethylene) with lead (Pb), we exposed the mangrove fiddler crab Minuca vocator to Pb (50 mg L-1), and MP (25 mg L-1) alone and in mixture, for 5 days. We aimed to determine Pb and MP bioaccumulation, as well as physiological (oxygen consumption and hemolymph osmolality) and biochemical (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and lipid peroxidation) traits effects. Co-exposure of MP and Pb significantly increased the bioaccumulation of Pb, but reduced MP tissue accumulation. Regarding the physiological traits, increasing osmolality and oxygen consumption rates compared to the control were observed, particularly in the combined Pb and MP exposure. As to biochemical traits, the combination of Pb and MP induced the most significant responses in the enzymatic profile antioxidant enzyme activity. The catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and dismutase superoxide (SOD) decreased compared to individual exposure effects; the combination of MP and Pb had a synergistic effect on promoting lipid peroxidation (LPO). The co-exposure of MP and Pb acted synergistically when compared to the effects of the isolated compounds. Due to the increasing MP contamination in mangroves, more severe physiological and biochemical effects can be expected on mangrove crabs exposed to metal contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana V Capparelli
- Estación El Carmen, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Carmen-Puerto Real km 9.5, 24157 Ciudad del Carmen, Mexico.
| | - Ricardo Dzul-Caamal
- Instituto de Ecología, Pesquería y Oceanografía del Golfo de México (EPOMEX), Campus VI, Av. Héroe de Nacozari 480, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, 24070 Campeche, Mexico
| | - Erick M Rodríguez-Cab
- Instituto de Ecología, Pesquería y Oceanografía del Golfo de México (EPOMEX), Campus VI, Av. Héroe de Nacozari 480, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, 24070 Campeche, Mexico
| | - Merle M Borges-Ramírez
- Instituto de Ecología, Pesquería y Oceanografía del Golfo de México (EPOMEX), Campus VI, Av. Héroe de Nacozari 480, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, 24070 Campeche, Mexico
| | - Jaime Rendón-von Osten
- Instituto de Ecología, Pesquería y Oceanografía del Golfo de México (EPOMEX), Campus VI, Av. Héroe de Nacozari 480, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, 24070 Campeche, Mexico
| | - Karen Beltran
- Estación El Carmen, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Carretera Carmen-Puerto Real km 9.5, 24157 Ciudad del Carmen, Mexico
| | - Brian Pichardo-Casales
- Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores Unidad Morelia (ENES Morelia), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro No. 8701, C.P. 58190 Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | | | | | - Carl L Thurman
- Department of Biology, University of Northern Iowa, 1227 W. 27 th St., Cedar Falls, IO, USA
| | - Gabriel M Moulatlet
- Arizona Institute for Resilience, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
| | - Carlos Rosas
- Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
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Lu L, Yang Y, Shi G, He X, Xu X, Feng Y, Wang W, Li Z, Yang J, Li B, Sun G. Alterations in mitochondrial structure and function in response to environmental temperature changes in Apostichopus japonicus. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 194:106330. [PMID: 38171258 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2023.106330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Global temperatures have risen as a result of climate change, and the resulting warmer seawater will exert physiological stresses on many aquatic animals, including Apostichopus japonicus. It has been suggested that the sensitivity of aquatic poikilothermal animals to climate change is closely related to mitochondrial function. Therefore, understanding the interaction between elevated temperature and mitochondrial functioning is key to characterizing organisms' responses to heat stress. However, little is known about the mitochondrial response to heat stress in A. japonicus. In this work, we investigated the morphological and functional changes of A. japonicus mitochondria under three representative temperatures, control temperature (18 °C), aestivation temperature (25 °C) and heat stress temperature (32 °C) temperatures using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation of mitochondrial morphology combined with proteomics and metabolomics techniques. The results showed that the mitochondrial morphology of A. japonicus was altered, with decreases in the number of mitochondrial cristae at 25 °C and mitochondrial lysis, fracture, and vacuolization at 32 °C. Proteomic and metabolomic analyses revealed 103 differentially expressed proteins and 161 differential metabolites at 25 °C. At 32 °C, the levels of 214 proteins and 172 metabolites were significantly altered. These proteins and metabolites were involved in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, substance transport, membrane potential homeostasis, anti-stress processes, mitochondrial autophagy, and apoptosis. Furthermore, a hypothetical network of proteins and metabolites in A. japonicus mitochondria in response to temperature changes was constructed based on proteomic and metabolomic data. These results suggest that the dynamic regulation of mitochondrial energy metabolism, resistance to oxidative stress, autophagy, apoptosis, and mitochondrial morphology in A. japonicus may play important roles in the response to elevated temperatures. In summary, this study describes the response of A. japonicus mitochondria to temperature changes from the perspectives of morphology, proteins, and metabolites, which provided a better understanding the mechanisms of mitochondrial regulation under environment stress in marine echinoderms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Lu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Yu Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Guojun Shi
- Hekou District Science and Technology Bureau, China
| | - Xiaohua He
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Yanwei Feng
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Zan Li
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China
| | - Bin Li
- Yantai Haiyu Marine Science and Technology Co. Ltd, Yantai, 264002, China
| | - Guohua Sun
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, Shandong, 264025, China.
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Yousefi M, Hoseini SM, Kulikov EV, Seleznev SB, Petrov AK, Babichev NV, Kochneva MV, Davies SJ. Effects of dietary Hyssop, Hyssopus officinalis, extract on physiological and antioxidant responses of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, juveniles to thermal stress. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:1042063. [DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.1042063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed at assessing the effects of dietary Hyssop, Hyssopus officinalis, extract on rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, responses to thermal stress. The juveniles (69.8 ± 0.38 g) were stocked in 12 through-flow tanks at a density of 12 fish per tank. Methanolic extract of Hyssop (HME) was added to diet at 0, 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg and the fish were fed (3% of biomass) over a 70-d period: 62 d at 13.3 ± 0.08°C and 7 d at 21–22°C. At the end of the trial, the plasma alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxin (T4), cortisol, glucose, lactate, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), ascorbate, and the gill glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and malondialdehyde (MDA). The results showed that HME had no significant effects on fish growth performance, survival, and feed efficiency. Dietary 250 mg/kg HME significantly decreased plasma ALT activity (P < 0.001), but showed no significant effects on plasma AST) (P = 0.106) activity, T3 (P = 0.992), and T4 (P = 0.070) levels. Thermal stress significantly (P < 0.001) increased plasma ALT and AST activities, but lowered plasma T3 and T4 levels. Dietary HME and thermal stress had interaction effects on plasma cortisol (P < 0.001), glucose (P = 0.007), lactate (P = 0.010), LDH (P = 0.005), TAC (P = 0.038), ascorbate (P < 0.001), and the gill GPx (P = 0.001), GR (P < 0.001), GST (P < 0.001), and MDA (P = 0.001). Thermal stress significantly increased plasma cortisol, glucose, lactate, and LDH, the gill GPX, GR, and GST, but dietary HME supplementation significantly reduced such elevations, particularly at 250 mg/kg level. Dietary HME significantly increased plasma TAC before the thermal stress and mitigated the stress-induced decreased in TAC, particularly at 250 mg/kg level. Dietary HME significantly decreased the gill MDA before and after the thermal stress, and lowest MDA was observed in 250 mg/kg HME level. Based on the present results, 250 mg/kg HME is recommended as suitable dose to improve antioxidative responses and hepatoprotection in rainbow trout under heat stress.
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Park K, Kwak IS. Environmental co-exposure of high temperature and Cu induce hormonal disturbance of cortisol signaling and altered responses of cellular defense genes in zebrafish. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 842:156555. [PMID: 35750185 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Global warming is causing a continuous increase in environmental temperatures, which simultaneously activates toxic environmental stresses, such as heavy metal exposure, in aquatic ecosystems. The present study aimed at evaluating the effects of Cu toxicity along with increased temperature during zebrafish embryogenesis. Decreased survival rates were observed following combined exposure to high temperature and Cu. Heart rates of zebrafish embryos were significantly increased only during heat stress. An abnormal morphology with curved body shape was induced by exposure to a combination of Cu and heat stress. Furthermore, heat stress also triggered Cu-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, with upregulation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione s-transferase (GST) expression, and cell death with modified expression of p53 and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) in zebrafish embryos. Finally, increased cortisol levels and altered expression of cortisol-signaling genes were observed following exposure to Cu and high temperatures. These results highlight that realistic exposure to combined stressors induces developmental disturbances via stress-induced responses involving oxidative stress and cell death as well as transcriptional alterations leading to cortisol signaling in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyun Park
- Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, South Korea
| | - Ihn-Sil Kwak
- Fisheries Science Institute, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, South Korea; Department of Ocean Integrated Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 59626, South Korea.
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7
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Isei MO, Stevens D, Kamunde C. Copper modulates heart mitochondrial H 2O 2 emission differently during fatty acid and pyruvate oxidation. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 254:109267. [PMID: 35026399 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Although the preferred cardiac metabolic fuels are fatty acids, glucose metabolism also plays an important role. However, irrespective of substrate type, energy generation results in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. To determine if the preference of fat over carbohydrates predisposes cardiomyocytes to oxidant production, we measured total and site-specific H2O2 emission in heart mitochondria oxidizing palmitoylcarnitine or pyruvate during copper (Cu) exposure. H2O2 emission was higher during oxidation of palmitoylcarnitine compared with pyruvate. Moreover, the bulk of the H2O2 emitted during palmitoylcarnitine oxidation originated from the outer ubiquinone binding site of complex III (site IIIQo) and the flavin site of electron transfer flavoprotein (site EF). We found no evidence of ROS production from complex I ubiquinone-binding site (site IQ) by reverse electron transport during oxidation of palmitoylcarnitine. Pyruvate oxidation also drove H2O2 emission primarily from sites IIIQo; however, the flavin sites of pyruvate dehydrogenase (site PF) and complex II (site IIF) contributed substantially. The effect of Cu depended on substrate and redox site, with effects at sites OF and IIIQo being more pronounced in mitochondria oxidizing pyruvate compared with palmitoylcarnitine. Cu imposed a concentration-saturable effect at site PF but concentration-dependently stimulated H2O2 emission at site EF. The substrate-dependent differences in H2O2 emission and effects of Cu suggest that fuel type and points of entry of electrons into the mitochondrial electron transport system determine the mitochondrial ROS production rate. Importantly, knowledge of sites of mitochondrial ROS production is crucial to the understanding of cardiac dysfunction associated with impaired substrate metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael O Isei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Don Stevens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Collins Kamunde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
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Hraoui G, Breton S, Miron G, Boudreau LH, Hunter-Manseau F, Pichaud N. Mitochondrial responses towards intermittent heat shocks in the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:272029. [PMID: 34401903 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.242745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Frequent heat waves caused by climate change can give rise to physiological stress in many animals, particularly in sessile ectotherms such as bivalves. Most studies characterizing thermal stress in bivalves focus on evaluating the responses to a single stress event. This does not accurately reflect the reality faced by bivalves, which are often subject to intermittent heat waves. Here, we investigated the effect of intermittent heat stress on mitochondrial functions of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica, which play a key role in setting the thermal tolerance of ectotherms. Specifically, we measured changes in mitochondrial oxygen consumption and H2O2 emission rates before, during and after intermittent 7.5°C heat shocks in oysters acclimated to 15 and 22.5°C. Our results showed that oxygen consumption was impaired following the first heat shock at both acclimation temperatures. After the second heat shock, results for oysters acclimated to 15°C indicated a return to normal. However, oysters acclimated to 22.5°C struggled more with the compounding effects of intermittent heat shocks as denoted by an increased contribution of FAD-linked substrates to mitochondrial respiration as well as high levels of H2O2 emission rates. However, both acclimated populations showed signs of potential recovery 10 days after the second heat shock, reflecting a surprising resilience to heat waves by C. virginica. Thus, this study highlights the important role of acclimation in the oyster's capacity to weather intermittent heat shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georges Hraoui
- Département des Sciences Biologiques, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada, H2X 1Y4.,Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada, H2V 0B3
| | - Sophie Breton
- Département de Sciences Biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada, H2V 0B3
| | - Gilles Miron
- Department of Biology, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada, E1A 3E9
| | - Luc H Boudreau
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada, E1A 3E9.,New Brunswick Centre for Precision Medicine (NBCPM), Moncton, NB, Canada, E1C 8X3
| | - Florence Hunter-Manseau
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada, E1A 3E9.,New Brunswick Centre for Precision Medicine (NBCPM), Moncton, NB, Canada, E1C 8X3
| | - Nicolas Pichaud
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada, E1A 3E9.,New Brunswick Centre for Precision Medicine (NBCPM), Moncton, NB, Canada, E1C 8X3
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Isei MO, Stevens D, Kamunde C. Temperature rise and copper exposure reduce heart mitochondrial reactive oxygen species scavenging capacity. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 243:108999. [PMID: 33556536 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.108999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria produce and scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS); however, whether oxidative distress due to exogenous stress arises from excessive production or impaired scavenging remains unclear. We assessed the effect of copper (Cu) and thermal stress on kinetics of ROS (H2O2) consumption in mitochondria isolated from fish heart. Mitochondria were energized with succinate, glutamate-malate or palmitoylcarnitine (PC) and incubated with 1-25 μM Cu at 11 (control) and 23 °C. We found that H2O2 consumption capacity of heart mitochondria varies with substrate and is additively reduced by temperature rise and Cu. While Cu is a potent inhibitor of H2O2 consumption in mitochondria oxidizing glutamate-malate and succinate, mitochondria oxidizing PC are resistant to the inhibitory effect of the metal. Moreover, the sensitivity of H2O2 consumption pathways to Cu depend on the substrate and are greatly impaired during oxidation of glutamate-malate. Pharmacological manipulation of mitochondrial antioxidant systems revealed that NADPH-dependent peroxidase systems are the centerpieces of ROS scavenging in heart mitochondria, with the glutathione-dependent pathway being the most prominent while catalase played a minimal role. Surprisingly, Cu is as efficacious in inhibiting thioredoxin-dependent peroxidase pathway as auranofin, a selective inhibitor of thioredoxin reductase. Taken together, our study uncovered unique mechanisms by which Cu alters mitochondrial H2O2 homeostasis including its ability to inhibit specific mitochondrial ROS scavenging pathways on a par with conventional inhibitors. Importantly, because of additive inhibitory effect on mitochondrial ROS removal mechanisms, hearts of organisms jointly exposed to Cu and thermal stress are likely at increased risk of oxidative distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael O Isei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Don Stevens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Collins Kamunde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
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Sokolova I. Bioenergetics in environmental adaptation and stress tolerance of aquatic ectotherms: linking physiology and ecology in a multi-stressor landscape. J Exp Biol 2021; 224:224/Suppl_1/jeb236802. [PMID: 33627464 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.236802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Energy metabolism (encompassing energy assimilation, conversion and utilization) plays a central role in all life processes and serves as a link between the organismal physiology, behavior and ecology. Metabolic rates define the physiological and life-history performance of an organism, have direct implications for Darwinian fitness, and affect ecologically relevant traits such as the trophic relationships, productivity and ecosystem engineering functions. Natural environmental variability and anthropogenic changes expose aquatic ectotherms to multiple stressors that can strongly affect their energy metabolism and thereby modify the energy fluxes within an organism and in the ecosystem. This Review focuses on the role of bioenergetic disturbances and metabolic adjustments in responses to multiple stressors (especially the general cellular stress response), provides examples of the effects of multiple stressors on energy intake, assimilation, conversion and expenditure, and discusses the conceptual and quantitative approaches to identify and mechanistically explain the energy trade-offs in multiple stressor scenarios, and link the cellular and organismal bioenergetics with fitness, productivity and/or ecological functions of aquatic ectotherms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna Sokolova
- Marine Biology Department, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany .,Department of Maritime Systems, Interdisciplinary Faculty, University of Rostock, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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11
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Isei MO, Kamunde C. Effects of copper and temperature on heart mitochondrial hydrogen peroxide production. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 147:114-128. [PMID: 31825803 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
High energy demand for continuous mechanical work and large number of mitochondria predispose the heart to excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production that may precipitate oxidative stress and heart failure. While mitochondria have been proposed as a unifying cellular target and driver of adverse effects induced by diverse stressful states, there is limited understanding of how heart mitochondrial ROS homeostasis is affected by combinations of stress factors. Thus, we probed the effect of copper (Cu) and thermal stress on ROS (as hydrogen peroxide, H2O2) emission and elucidated the effects of Cu on ROS production sites in rainbow trout heart mitochondria using the Amplex UltraRed-horseradish peroxidase detection system optimized for our model. Mitochondria oxidizing malate-glutamate or succinate were incubated at 4, 11 (control) and 23 °C and exposed to a range (1-100 μM) of Cu concentrations. We found that the rates and patterns of H2O2 emission depended on substrate type, Cu concentration and temperature. In mitochondria oxidizing malate-glutamate, Cu increased the rate of H2O2 emission with a spike at 1 μM while temperature had no effect. In contrast, both temperature and Cu increased the rate of H2O2 emission in mitochondria oxidizing succinate with a prominent spike at 25 μM Cu. The rates of H2O2 emission at the three temperatures during the spike imposed by 25 μM Cu were of the order 11 > 23 > 4 °C. Interestingly, 5 μM Cu supressed H2O2 emission in mitochondria oxidizing succinate or malate-glutamate suggesting a common mechanism of action independent of substrate type. In the absence of Cu, the site-specific capacities of H2O2 emission were: complex III outer ubiquinone binding site (site IIIQo) > complex II flavin site (site IIF) ≥ complex I flavin site (site IF) > complex I ubiquinone-binding site (site IQ). Rotenone marginally increased succinate-driven H2O2 emission suggesting either the absence of reverse electron transport (RET)-driven ROS production at site IQ or masking of the expected rotenone response (reduction) by H2O2 produced from other sites. Cu acted at multiple sites in the electron transport system resulting in different site-specific H2O2 emission responses depending on the concentration. Specifically, site IF H2O2 emission was suppressed by Cu concentration-dependently while H2O2 emission by site IIF was inhibited and stimulated by low and high concentrations of Cu, respectively. Additionally, emission from site IIIQo was stimulated by low and inhibited by high Cu concentrations. Overall, our study unveiled distinctive effects and sites of modulation of mitochondrial ROS production by Cu with implications for cardiac redox signaling networks and development of mitochondria-targeted Cu-based drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael O Isei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Collins Kamunde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada.
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Capparelli MV, Bordon IC, Araujo G, Gusso-Choueri PK, de Souza Abessa DM, McNamara JC. Combined effects of temperature and copper on oxygen consumption and antioxidant responses in the mudflat fiddler crab Minuca rapax (Brachyura, Ocypodidae). Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 223:35-41. [PMID: 31085294 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates the combined effects of waterborne copper exposure and acute temperature change on oxygen consumption and the oxidative stress biomarkers, glutathione S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), in the gills and hepatopancreas of the fiddler crab Minuca rapax. Crabs held at 25 °C were acclimated to 0 (control), 50, 250 or 500 μg Cu L-1 for 21 days, and were then subjected to 15, 25 and 35 °C for 24 h. Aerial oxygen consumption rates of crabs in copper free media increased with increasing temperature from 15 to 35 °C, Q10 values reaching ≈3. Crabs exposed to increasing copper concentrations exhibited variable responses, Q10 values falling to ≈1.5. Copper had no effect on oxygen consumption at 25 °C. However, at 35 °C, rates decreased in a clear concentration-response manner in the copper exposed crabs, revealing impaired aerobic capability. At 15 °C, oxygen consumption rates increased with copper concentration, except for a decrease at 500 μg Cu L-1. Gill GST activity was ≈2-fold that of the hepatopancreas, while hepatopancreas GPx activity was 3-fold that of the gills. Gill GST activities were reduced by copper exposure only at 25 °C while hepatopancreas GST activities were altered by copper at all temperatures. Hepatopancreas GST and GPx activities increased in crabs exposed to copper at 35 °C, revealing oxidative stress induction. Hepatopancreas GST and GPx activities were reduced in copper exposed crabs at 15 °C, suggesting a diminished capability to mitigate the effects of copper exposure at low temperature. These findings reveal that copper exposure increases oxygen consumption at low temperatures but decreases consumption at high temperature. Hepatopancreas GPx activities decreased at low temperature and increased at high temperature. These novel findings demonstrate that the interaction between copper exposure and temperature should be considered when evaluating biomarker activities in semi-terrestrial crabs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Vellosa Capparelli
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil; Universidad Regional Amazónica-IKIAM, Via Tena, Muyuna kilómetro 7, Ecuador.
| | - Isabella C Bordon
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de São Vicente, São Vicente 11380-972, SP, Brazil
| | - Giuliana Araujo
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de São Vicente, São Vicente 11380-972, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - John Campbell McNamara
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, SP, Brazil; Centro de Biologia Marinha, Universidade de São Paulo, São Sebastião 11600-000, SP, Brazil
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13
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Yu H, Jiang X, Lin X, Zhang Z, Wu D, Zhou L, Liu J, Yang X. Hippocampal Subcellular Organelle Proteomic Alteration of Copper-Treated Mice. Toxicol Sci 2019; 164:250-263. [PMID: 29617964 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfy082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper neurotoxicity has been implicated in multiple neurological diseases. However, there is a lack of deep understanding on copper neurotoxicity, especially for low-dose copper exposure. In this study, we investigated the effects of chronic, low-dose copper treatment (0.13 ppm copper chloride in drinking water) on hippocampal mitochondrial and nuclear proteome in mice by 2-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis coupled with MALDI-TOF-MS/MS. Behavioral tests revealed that low-dose copper caused spatial memory impairment, DNA oxidative damage as well as loss of synaptic proteins. Proteomic analysis revealed modulation of 31 hippocampal mitochondrial proteins (15 increased and 16 decreased), and 46 hippocampal nuclear proteins (18 increased and 28 decreased) in copper-treated versus untreated mice. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that these differentially expressed proteins are mainly involved energy metabolism (NDUV1, COX5B, IDH3A, and PGAM1), synapses (complexin-2, synapsin-2), DNA damage (PDIA3), apoptosis (GRP75), and oxidative stress (SODC, PRDX3). Among these differentially expressed proteins, synapsin-2, a synaptic-related protein, was found to be significantly decreased as confirmed by Western-blot analysis. In addition, we found that superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] (SODC), a copper ion target protein, was identified to be decreased in copper-treated mice versus untreated mice. We also found that stathmin (STMN1), a microtubule-destabilizing neuroprotein, was significantly decreased in hippocampal nuclei of copper-treated mice versus untreated mice. Taken together, we conclude that low-dose copper exposure causes spatial memory impairment and perturbs multiple biological/pathogenic processes by dysregulating the mitochondrial and nuclear proteome, particularly the proteins related to respiratory chain, synaptic vesicle fusion, axonal/neurtic integrity, and oxidative stress. The change of STMN1 and SODC may represent early novel biomarkers of copper neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Institute of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuemei Lin
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Institute of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zaijun Zhang
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangzhou, Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Desheng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Institute of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Institute of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Institute of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xifei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Institute of Toxicology, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen 518055, China
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Chen C, Jiang X, Li Y, Yu H, Li S, Zhang Z, Xu H, Yang Y, Liu G, Zhu F, Ren X, Zou L, Xu B, Liu J, Spencer PS, Yang X. Low-dose oral copper treatment changes the hippocampal phosphoproteomic profile and perturbs mitochondrial function in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 135:144-156. [PMID: 30862541 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Excessive copper can cause neurotoxicity and contribute to the development of some neurological diseases; however, copper neurotoxicity and the potential mechanisms remain poorly understood. We used proteomics and phosphoproteomics to quantify protein changes in the hippocampus of wild-type and 3xTg-AD mice, both of which were treated at 6 months of age with 2 months of drinking water with or without added copper chloride (0.13 ppm concentration). A total of 3960 unique phosphopeptides (5290 phosphorylation sites) from 1406 phosphoproteins was identified. Differentially expressed phosphoproteins involved neuronal and synaptic function, transcriptional regulation, energy metabolism and mitochondrial function. In addition, low-dose copper treatment of wild-type mice decreased hippocampal mitochondrial copy number, mitochondrial biogenesis and disrupted mitochondrial dynamics; these changes were associated with increased hydrogen peroxide production (H2O2), reduced cytochrome oxidase activity and decreased ATP content. In 3xTg-AD mice, identical low-dose oral copper treatment increased axonal degeneration, which was associated with altered phosphorylation of Camk2α at T286 and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK1/2), which involved long-term potentiation (LTP) signaling. Mitochondrial dysfunction was mainly related to changes in phosphorylation levels of glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β) and serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit alpha isoform (Ppp3ca), which involved mitochondrial biogenesis signaling. In sum, low-dose oral copper treatment changes the phosphorylation of key hippocampal proteins involved in mitochondrial, synaptic and axonal integrity. These data showing that excess of copper speeds some early events of AD changes observed suggest that excess circulating copper has the potential to perturb brain function of wild-type mice and exacerbate neurodegenerative changes in a mouse model of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongyang Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xin Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingchao Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Haitao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shupeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zaijun Zhang
- Institute of New Drug Research and Guangzhou, Key Laboratory of Innovative Chemical Drug Research in Cardio-cerebrovascular Diseases, Jinan University College of Pharmacy, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Hua Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Gongping Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Neurological Disorders, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Feiqi Zhu
- Cognitive Impairment Ward of Neurology Department, The 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, China
| | - Xiaohu Ren
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Liangyu Zou
- Department of Neurology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, Second Clinical College, Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Benhong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Peter S Spencer
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Xifei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Shenzhen, Shenzhen Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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Braz-Mota S, Campos DF, MacCormack TJ, Duarte RM, Val AL, Almeida-Val VMF. Mechanisms of toxic action of copper and copper nanoparticles in two Amazon fish species: Dwarf cichlid (Apistogramma agassizii) and cardinal tetra (Paracheirodon axelrodi). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 630:1168-1180. [PMID: 29554738 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (nCuO) are widely used in boat antifouling paints and are released into the environment, potentially inducing toxicity to aquatic organisms. The present study aimed to understand the effects of nCuO and dissolved copper (Cu) on two ornamental Amazon fish species: dwarf cichlid (Apistogramma agassizii) and cardinal tetra (Paracheirodon axelrodi). Fish were exposed to 50% of the LC50 for nCuO (dwarf cichlid 58.31μgL-1 and cardinal tetra 69.6μgL-1) and Cu (dwarf cichlid 20μgL-1 and cardinal tetra 22.9μgL-1) for 24, 48, 72 and 96h. Following exposure, aerobic metabolic rate (ṀO2), gill osmoregulatory physiology and mitochondrial function, oxidative stress markers, and morphological damage were evaluated. Our results revealed species specificity in metabolic stress responses. An increase of ṀO2 was noted in cardinal tetra exposed to Cu, but not nCuO, whereas ṀO2 in dwarf cichlid showed little change with either treatment. In contrast, mitochondria from dwarf cichlid exhibited increased proton leak and a resulting decrease in respiratory control ratios in response to nCuO and Cu exposure. This uncoupling was directly related to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Our findings reveal different metabolic responses between these two species in response to nCuO and Cu, which are probably caused by the differences between species natural histories, indicating that different mechanisms of toxic action of the contaminants are associated to differential osmoregulatory strategies among species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Braz-Mota
- Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Ave André Araújo, 2936 Aleixo, Manaus, AM, Brazil.
| | - Derek F Campos
- Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Ave André Araújo, 2936 Aleixo, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Tyson J MacCormack
- Mount Allison University, Dept. of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 63C York St., Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Rafael M Duarte
- Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Ave André Araújo, 2936 Aleixo, Manaus, AM, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, São Vicente, SP, Brazil
| | - Adalberto L Val
- Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Ave André Araújo, 2936 Aleixo, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Vera M F Almeida-Val
- Brazilian National Institute for Research of the Amazon, Laboratory of Ecophysiology and Molecular Evolution, Ave André Araújo, 2936 Aleixo, Manaus, AM, Brazil
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Moghimi M, Mahboobi-Soofiani N, Malekpouri P. Effects of water-borne copper and lead on metabolic and excretion rate of bahaii loach (Turcinoemacheilus bahaii). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 60:176-183. [PMID: 29730226 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Beyond the role of anthropogenic activities, natural sources of metal contaminations are still controversial, together counting, however, as a major threat to inland and coastal waters, becoming an even more prominent stressor for aquatic life. To address the effects of metals on the physiological response of fish, standard metabolic rate (SMR), maximum metabolic rate (MMR), aerobic scope (AS) and factorial aerobic scope (FAS) as well as specific rate of ammonia excretion (Jamm) of Turcinoemacheilus bahaii were determined following different water-borne Cu2+ and Pb2+ treatments. Following LC50-96 h determination, 72 fish (BW = 1.153 ± 0.56 g and TL = 6.155 ± 0.97 cm) were exposed to different amounts of Cu2+ and Pb2+ in 9 different treatments (eight fish/treatment), including 0.910 mg l-1 Cu2+ for 24 h, 0.455 mg l-1 Cu2+ for 7d, 0.182 mg l-1 Cu2+ for 14d and 0.091 mg l-1 Cu2+ for 30 d as well as 124.430 mg l-1 Pb2+ for 24 h, 62.215 mg l-1 Pb2+ for 7d,12.443 mg l-1 Pb2+ for 14d, 6.221 mg l-1 Pb2+ for 30d and control. The SMR of fish was reduced following exposures to all Cu2+ and Pb2+ treatments (P < 0.05), except for 30d exposure as compared with the control. The MMR remained steady following all Cu2+ treatments while it was raised significantly (P < 0.05) following Pb2+ treatments at 7, 14 and 30d exposure. Although the AS showed a similar pattern to MMR, the FAS was elevated (P < 0.05) following all the treatments when compared with control. Lower Jamm were observed following all metals-treated fish in comparison with control (P < 0.05). In addition, higher (P < 0.05) levels of injuries were observed following all Cu2+ and Pb2+ treatments in gills and kidneys. The results suggest that Cu2+ and Pb2+ over the experimental period could impair the metabolic and excretory capacities, hence affecting the possible physiological performance of fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnaz Moghimi
- Fisheries Division, Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran
| | - Nasrollah Mahboobi-Soofiani
- Fisheries Division, Department of Natural Resources, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan 8415683111, Iran.
| | - Pedram Malekpouri
- Young Researchers and Elites Club, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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17
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Sampaio E, Lopes AR, Francisco S, Paula JR, Pimentel M, Maulvault AL, Repolho T, Grilo TF, Pousão-Ferreira P, Marques A, Rosa R. Ocean acidification dampens physiological stress response to warming and contamination in a commercially-important fish (Argyrosomus regius). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 618:388-398. [PMID: 29132006 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 11/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Increases in carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gases emissions are changing ocean temperature and carbonate chemistry (warming and acidification, respectively). Moreover, the simultaneous occurrence of highly toxic and persistent contaminants, such as methylmercury, will play a key role in further shaping the ecophysiology of marine organisms. Despite recent studies reporting mostly additive interactions between contaminant and climate change effects, the consequences of multi-stressor exposure are still largely unknown. Here we disentangled how Argyrosomus regius physiology will be affected by future stressors, by analysing organ-dependent mercury (Hg) accumulation (gills, liver and muscle) within isolated/combined warming (ΔT=4°C) and acidification (ΔpCO2=1100μatm) scenarios, as well as direct deleterious effects and phenotypic stress response over multi-stressor contexts. After 30days of exposure, although no mortalities were observed in any treatments, Hg concentration was enhanced under warming conditions, especially in the liver. On the other hand, elevated CO2 decreased Hg accumulation and consistently elicited a dampening effect on warming and contamination-elicited oxidative stress (catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione-S-transferase activities) and heat shock responses. Thus, potentially unpinned on CO2-promoted protein removal and ionic equilibrium between hydrogen and reactive oxygen species, we found that co-occurring acidification decreased heavy metal accumulation and contributed to physiological homeostasis. Although this indicates that fish can be physiologically capable of withstanding future ocean conditions, additional experiments are needed to fully understand the biochemical repercussions of interactive stressors (additive, synergistic or antagonistic).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Sampaio
- MARE - Marine Environmental Sciences Centre & Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo 939, 2750-374 Cascais, Portugal.
| | - Ana R Lopes
- MARE - Marine Environmental Sciences Centre & Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo 939, 2750-374 Cascais, Portugal; UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Quinta da Torre, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Sofia Francisco
- MARE - Marine Environmental Sciences Centre & Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo 939, 2750-374 Cascais, Portugal
| | - Jose R Paula
- MARE - Marine Environmental Sciences Centre & Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo 939, 2750-374 Cascais, Portugal
| | - Marta Pimentel
- MARE - Marine Environmental Sciences Centre & Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo 939, 2750-374 Cascais, Portugal
| | - Ana L Maulvault
- MARE - Marine Environmental Sciences Centre & Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo 939, 2750-374 Cascais, Portugal; Divisão de Aquacultura e Valorização (DivAV), Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA, I.P.), Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Rua das Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago Repolho
- MARE - Marine Environmental Sciences Centre & Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo 939, 2750-374 Cascais, Portugal
| | - Tiago F Grilo
- MARE - Marine Environmental Sciences Centre & Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo 939, 2750-374 Cascais, Portugal
| | - Pedro Pousão-Ferreira
- Divisão de Aquacultura e Valorização (DivAV), Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA, I.P.), Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Marques
- Divisão de Aquacultura e Valorização (DivAV), Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA, I.P.), Av. Brasília, 1449-006 Lisboa, Portugal; Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Rua das Bragas, 289, 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui Rosa
- MARE - Marine Environmental Sciences Centre & Laboratório Marítimo da Guia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Nossa Senhora do Cabo 939, 2750-374 Cascais, Portugal
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Proteomic alterations of brain subcellular organelles caused by low-dose copper exposure: implication for Alzheimer's disease. Arch Toxicol 2018; 92:1363-1382. [PMID: 29383422 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-018-2163-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Excessive copper intake can lead to neurotoxicity, but there is a lack of comprehensive understanding on the potential impact of copper exposure especially at a low-dose on brain. We used 3xTg-AD mice to explore the potential neurotoxicity of chronic, low-dose copper treatment (0.13 ppm copper chloride in drinking water) on behavior and the brain hippocampal mitochondrial and nuclear proteome. Low-dose copper increased the spatial memory impairment of these animals, increased accumulation of intracellular amyloid 1-42 (Aβ1-42), decreased ATP content, increased the positive staining of 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a marker of DNA oxidative damage, and caused apoptosis and a decrease in synaptic proteins. Mitochondrial proteomic analysis by two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) revealed modulation of 24 hippocampal mitochondrial proteins (14 increased and 10 decreased) in copper-treated vs. untreated 3xTg-AD mice. Nuclear proteomic analysis revealed 43 modulated hippocampal nuclear proteins (25 increased and 18 decreased) in copper-treated 3xTg-AD vs. untreated mice. Classification of modulated mitochondrial and nuclear proteins included functional categories such as energy metabolism, synaptic-related proteins, DNA damage and apoptosis-related proteins, and oxidative stress-related proteins. Among these differentially expressed mitochondrial and nuclear proteins, nine proteins were abnormally expressed in both hippocampus mitochondria and nuclei, including electron transport chain-related proteins NADH dehydrogenase 1 alpha subcomplex subunit 10 (NDUAA), cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit Rieske (UCRI), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B (COX5B), and ATP synthase subunit d (ATP5H), glycolytic-related pyruvate kinase PKM (KPYM) and pyruvate dehydrogenase E1 component subunit alpha (ODPA). Furthermore, we found coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), an endogenous mitochondrial protective factor/antioxidant, modulated the expression of 12 differentially expressed hippocampal proteins (4 increased and 8 decreased), which could be classified in functional categories such as glycolysis and synaptic-related proteins, oxidative stress-related proteins, implying that CoQ10 improved synaptic function, suppress oxidative stress, and regulate glycolysis. For the proteomics study, we validated the expression of several proteins related to synapses, DNA and apoptosis. The data confirmed that synapsin-2, a synaptic-related protein, was significantly decreased in both mitochondria and nuclei of copper-exposed 3xTg-AD mice. In mitochondria, dynamin-1 (DYN1), an apoptosis-related proteins, was significantly decreased. In the cellular nuclei, paraspeckle protein 1 (PSPC1) and purin-rich element-binding protein alpha (Purα), two DNA damage-related proteins, were significantly decreased and increased, respectively. We conclude that low-dose copper exposure exacerbates the spatial memory impairment of 3xTg-AD mice and perturbs multiple biological/pathogenic processes by dysregulating the mitochondrial and nuclear proteome. Exposure to copper might therefore contribute to the evolution of AD.
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Ecological significance of mitochondrial toxicants. Toxicology 2017; 391:64-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2017.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Zheng JL, Yuan SS, Shen B, Wu CW. Organ-specific effects of low-dose zinc pre-exposure on high-dose zinc induced mitochondrial dysfunction in large yellow croaker Pseudosciaena crocea. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2017; 43:653-661. [PMID: 27909949 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-016-0319-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The study was carried out to evaluate the effects of low-dose zinc (Zn) pre-exposure on survival rate, new Zn accumulation, and mitochondrial bioenergetics in the liver and spleen of large yellow croaker exposed to high-dose Zn. To the end, fish were pre-exposed to 0 and 2 mg L-1 Zn for 48 h and post-exposed to 0 and 12 mg L-1 Zn for 48 h. Twelve milligrams Zn per liter exposure alone reduced survival rate, but the effect did not appear in the 2 mg L-1 Zn pre-exposure groups. Two milligrams per liter Zn pre-exposure also ameliorated 12 mg Zn L-1 induced new Zn accumulation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and mitochondrial swelling in the liver. However, these effects did not appear in the spleen. In the liver, 2 mg L-1 Zn pre-exposure apparently relieved 12 mg L-1 Zn induced down-regulation of activities of ATP synthase (F-ATPase), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), and malate dehydrogenase (MDH). The mRNA levels of these genes remained relatively stable in fish exposed to 12 mg L-1 Zn alone, but increased in fish exposed to 12 mg L-1 Zn with 2 mg L-1 Zn pre-treatment. In the spleen, 2 mg Zn L-1 pre-exposure did not mitigate the down-regulation of mRNA levels of genes and activities of relative enzymes induced by 12 mg L-1 Zn. In conclusion, our study demonstrated low-dose zinc pre-exposure ameliorated high-dose zinc induced mitochondrial dysfunction in the liver but not in the spleen of large yellow croaker, indicating an organ-specific effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lang Zheng
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Shen
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang-Wen Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316022, People's Republic of China.
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Onukwufor JO, Kibenge F, Stevens D, Kamunde C. Hypoxia-reoxygenation differentially alters the thermal sensitivity of complex I basal and maximal mitochondrial oxidative capacity. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2016; 201:87-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Maes V, Betoulle S, Jaffal A, Dedourge-Geffard O, Delahaut L, Geffard A, Palluel O, Sanchez W, Paris-Palacios S, Vettier A, David E. Juvenile roach (Rutilus rutilus) increase their anaerobic metabolism in response to copper exposure in laboratory conditions. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2016; 25:900-913. [PMID: 27033855 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-016-1648-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to determine the potential impairment of cell energy synthesis processes (glycolysis and respiratory chain pathways) by copper in juvenile roach at different regulation levels by using a multi-marker approach. Juvenile roach were exposed to 0, 10, 50, and 100 µg/L of copper for 7 days in laboratory conditions. The glycolysis pathway was assessed by measuring the relative expression levels of 4 genes encoding glycolysis enzymes. The respiratory chain was studied by assessing the electron transport system and cytochrome c oxidase gene expression. Muscle mitochondria ultrastructure was studied, and antioxidant responses were measured. Furthermore, the main energy reserves-carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins-were measured, and cellular energy was evaluated by measuring ATP, ADP, AMP and IMP concentrations. This study revealed a disturbance of the cell energy metabolism due to copper exposure, with a significant decrease in adenylate energy charge in roach exposed to 10 μg/L of copper after 1 day. Moreover, ATP concentrations significantly decreased in roach exposed to 10 μg/L of copper after 1 day. This significant decrease persisted in roach exposed to 50 µg/L of copper after 7 days. AMP concentrations increased in all contaminated fish after 1 day of exposure. In parallel, the relative expression of 3 genes encoding for glycolysis enzymes increased in all contaminated fish after 1 day of copper exposure. Focusing on the respiratory chain, cytochrome c oxidase gene expression also increased in all contaminated fish at the two time-points. The activity of the electron transport system was not disturbed by copper, except in roach exposed to 100 µg/L of copper after 1 day. Copper induced a metabolic stress. Juvenile roach seemed to respond to the ensuing high energy demand by increasing their anaerobic metabolism, but the energy produced by the anaerobic metabolism is unable to compensate for the stress induced by copper after 7 days. This multi-marker approach allows us to reach a greater understanding of the effects of copper on the physiological responses of juvenile roach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Maes
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, FR CNRS 3417 Condorcet, BP1039, 51687, Reims Cedex 2, France.
| | - Stéphane Betoulle
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, FR CNRS 3417 Condorcet, BP1039, 51687, Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Ali Jaffal
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, FR CNRS 3417 Condorcet, BP1039, 51687, Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Odile Dedourge-Geffard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, FR CNRS 3417 Condorcet, BP1039, 51687, Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Laurence Delahaut
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, FR CNRS 3417 Condorcet, BP1039, 51687, Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Alain Geffard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, FR CNRS 3417 Condorcet, BP1039, 51687, Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Olivier Palluel
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, BP2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Wilfried Sanchez
- Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, BP2, 60550, Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Séverine Paris-Palacios
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, FR CNRS 3417 Condorcet, BP1039, 51687, Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Aurélie Vettier
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, FR CNRS 3417 Condorcet, BP1039, 51687, Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Elise David
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, UMR-I 02 SEBIO, Stress Environnementaux et BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, FR CNRS 3417 Condorcet, BP1039, 51687, Reims Cedex 2, France
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Lushchak VI. Contaminant-induced oxidative stress in fish: a mechanistic approach. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2016; 42:711-747. [PMID: 26607273 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-015-0171-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The presence of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in living organisms was described more than 60 years ago and virtually immediately it was suggested that ROS were involved in various pathological processes and aging. The state when ROS generation exceeds elimination leading to an increased steady-state ROS level has been called "oxidative stress." Although ROS association with many pathological states in animals is well established, the question of ROS responsibility for the development of these states is still open. Fish represent the largest group of vertebrates and they inhabit a broad range of ecosystems where they are subjected to many different aquatic contaminants. In many cases, the deleterious effects of contaminants have been connected to induction of oxidative stress. Therefore, deciphering of molecular mechanisms leading to such contaminant effects and organisms' response may let prevent or minimize deleterious impacts of oxidative stress. This review describes general aspects of ROS homeostasis, in particular highlighting its basic aspects, modification of cellular constituents, operation of defense systems and ROS-based signaling with an emphasis on fish systems. A brief introduction to oxidative stress theory is accompanied by the description of a recently developed classification system for oxidative stress based on its intensity and time course. Specific information on contaminant-induced oxidative stress in fish is covered in sections devoted to such pollutants as metal ions (particularly iron, copper, chromium, mercury, arsenic, nickel, etc.), pesticides (insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides) and oil with accompanying pollutants. In the last section, certain problems and perspectives in studies of oxidative stress in fish are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr I Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine.
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Sappal R, Fast M, Purcell S, MacDonald N, Stevens D, Kibenge F, Siah A, Kamunde C. Copper and hypoxia modulate transcriptional and mitochondrial functional-biochemical responses in warm acclimated rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2016; 211:291-306. [PMID: 26774776 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To survive in changing environments fish utilize a wide range of biological responses that require energy. We examined the effect of warm acclimation on the electron transport system (ETS) enzymes and transcriptional responses to hypoxia and copper (Cu) exposure in fish. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were acclimated to cold (11 °C; control) and warm (20 °C) temperatures for 3 weeks followed by exposure to Cu, hypoxia or both for 24 h. Activities of ETS enzyme complexes I-IV (CI-CIV) were measured in liver and gill mitochondria. Analyses of transcripts encoding for proteins involved in mitochondrial respiration (cytochrome c oxidase subunits 4-1 and 2: COX4-1 and COX4-2), metal detoxification/stress response (metallothioneins A and B: MT-A and MT-B) and energy sensing (AMP-activated protein kinase α1: AMPKα1) were done in liver mitochondria, and in whole liver and gill tissues by RT-qPCR. Warm acclimation inhibited activities of ETS enzymes while effects of Cu and hypoxia depended on the enzyme and thermal acclimation status. The genes encoding for COX4-1, COX4-2, MT-A, MT-B and AMPKα1 were strongly and tissue-dependently altered by warm acclimation. While Cu and hypoxia clearly increased MT-A and MT-B transcript levels in all tissues, their effects on COX4-1, COX4-2 and AMPKα1 mRNA levels were less pronounced. Importantly, warm acclimation differentially altered COX4-2/COX4-1 ratio in liver mitochondria and gill tissue. The three stressors showed both independent and joint actions on activities of ETS enzymes and transcription of genes involved in energy metabolism, stress response and metals homeostasis. Overall, we unveiled novel interactive effects that should not be overlooked in real world situations wherein fish normally encounter multiple stress factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Sappal
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Mark Fast
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Sara Purcell
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Nicole MacDonald
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Don Stevens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Fred Kibenge
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Ahmed Siah
- British Columbia Centre for Aquatic Health Sciences, 871A Island Highway, Campbell River, BC V9W 2C2, Canada
| | - Collins Kamunde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
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Ivanina AV, Hawkins C, Sokolova IM. Interactive effects of copper exposure and environmental hypercapnia on immune functions of marine bivalves Crassostrea virginica and Mercenaria mercenaria. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 49:54-65. [PMID: 26700170 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 12/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Estuarine organisms such as bivalves are commonly exposed to trace metals such as copper (Cu) and hypercapnia (elevated CO2 levels) in their habitats, which may affect their physiology and immune function. This study investigated the combined effects of elevated CO2 levels (∼800-2000 μatm PCO2, such as predicted by the near-future scenarios of global climate change) and Cu (50 μg l(-1)) on immune functions of the sediment dwelling hard clams Mercenaria mercenaria and an epifaunal bivalve, the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica. Clams and oysters were exposed for 4 weeks to different CO2 and Cu levels, and tissue Cu burdens and immune parameters were assessed to test the hypothesis that hypercapnia will enhance Cu uptake due to the higher bioavailability of free Cu(2+) and increase the immunomodulatory effects of Cu. Exposure to Cu stimulated key immune parameters of clams and oysters leading to increased number of circulating hemocytes, higher phagocytosis and adhesion ability of hemocytes, as well as enhanced antiparasitic and antibacterial properties of the hemolymph reflected in higher activities of lysozyme and inhibitors of cysteine proteases. Lysozyme activation by Cu exposure was most prominent in normocapnia (∼400 μatm PCO2) and an increase in the levels of the protease inhibitors was strongest in hypercapnia (∼800-2000 μatm PCO2), but other immunostimulatory effects of Cu were evident in all PCO2 exposures. Metabolic activity of hemocytes of clams and oysters (measured as routine and mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates) was suppressed by Cu exposure likely reflecting lower rates of ATP synthesis and/or turnover. However, this metabolic suppression had no negative effects of the studied immune functions of hemocytes such as phagocytosis or adhesion capacity. Hypercapnia (∼800-2000 μatm PCO2) slightly but significantly enhanced accumulation of Cu in hemocytes, consistent with higher Cu(2+) bioavailability in CO2-acidified water, but had little effect on cellular and humoral immune traits of clams and oysters. These findings indicate that low levels of Cu contamination may enhance immunity of estuarine bivalves while moderate hypercapnia (such as predicted by the near future scenarios of the global climate change) does not strongly affect their immune parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Ivanina
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA.
| | - Chelsea Hawkins
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Inna M Sokolova
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA
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Sappal R, Fast M, Stevens D, Kibenge F, Siah A, Kamunde C. Effects of copper, hypoxia and acute temperature shifts on mitochondrial oxidation in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) acclimated to warm temperature. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 169:46-57. [PMID: 26513222 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Temperature fluctuations, hypoxia and metals pollution frequently occur simultaneously or sequentially in aquatic systems and their interactions may confound interpretation of their biological impacts. With a focus on energy homeostasis, the present study examined how warm acclimation influences the responses and interactions of acute temperature shift, hypoxia and copper (Cu) exposure in fish. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were acclimated to cold (11°C; control) and warm (20°C) temperature for 3 weeks followed by exposure to environmentally realistic levels of Cu and hypoxia for 24h. Subsequently, mitochondrial electron transport system (ETS) respiratory activity supported by complexes I-IV (CI-IV), plasma metabolites and condition indices were measured. Warm acclimation reduced fish condition, induced aerobic metabolism and altered the responses of fish to acute temperature shift, hypoxia and Cu. Whereas warm acclimation decelerated the ETS and increased the sensitivity of maximal oxidation rates of the proximal (CI and II) complexes to acute temperature shift, it reduced the thermal sensitivity of state 4 (proton leak). Effects of Cu with and without hypoxia were variable depending on the acclimation status and functional index. Notably, Cu stimulated respiratory activity in the proximal ETS segments, while hypoxia was mostly inhibitory and minimized the stimulatory effect of Cu. The effects of Cu and hypoxia were modified by temperature and showed reciprocal antagonistic interaction on the ETS and plasma metabolites, with modest additive actions limited to CII and IV state 4. Overall, our results indicate that warm acclimation came at a cost of reduced ETS efficiency and increased sensitivity to added stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Sappal
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3, Canada; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Mark Fast
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Don Stevens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Fred Kibenge
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Ahmed Siah
- British Columbia Centre for Aquatic Health Sciences, 871A Island Highway, Campbell River, British Columbia V9W 2C2, Canada
| | - Collins Kamunde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island C1A 4P3, Canada.
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Sappal R, MacDougald M, Fast M, Stevens D, Kibenge F, Siah A, Kamunde C. Alterations in mitochondrial electron transport system activity in response to warm acclimation, hypoxia-reoxygenation and copper in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 165:51-63. [PMID: 26022556 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Fish expend significant amounts of energy to handle the numerous potentially stressful biotic and abiotic factors that they commonly encounter in aquatic environments. This universal requirement for energy singularizes mitochondria, the primary cellular energy transformers, as fundamental drivers of responses to environmental change. Our study probed the interacting effects of thermal stress, hypoxia-reoxygenation (HRO) and copper (Cu) exposure in rainbow trout to test the prediction that they act jointly to impair mitochondrial function. Rainbow trout were acclimated to 11 (controls) or 20°C for 2 months. Liver mitochondria were then isolated and their responses in vitro to Cu (0-20μM) without and with HRO were assessed. Sequential inhibition and activation of mitochondrial electron transport system (ETS) enzyme complexes permitted the measurement of respiratory activities supported by complex I-IV (CI-IV) in one run. The results showed that warm acclimation reduced fish and liver weights but increased mitochondrial protein indicating impairment of energy metabolism, increased synthesis of defense proteins and/or reduced liver water content. Whereas acute rise (11→20°C) in temperature increased mitochondrial oxidation rates supported by CI-IV, warm acclimation reduced the maximal (state 3) and increased the basal (state 4) respiration leading to global uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). HRO profoundly inhibited both maximal and basal respiration rates supported by CI-IV, reduced RCR for all except CII and lowered CI:CII respiration ratio, an indication of decreased OXPHOS efficiency. The effects of Cu were less pronounced but more variable and included inhibition of CII-IV maximal respiration rates and stimulation of both CI and CIII basal respiration rates. Surprisingly, only CII and CIII indices exhibited significant 3-way interactions whereas 2-way interactions of acclimation either with Cu or HRO were portrayed mostly by CIV, and those of HRO and Cu were most common in CI and II respiratory indices. Our study suggests that warm acclimation blunts sensitivity of the ETS to temperature rise and that HRO and warm acclimation impose mitochondrial changes that sensitize the ETS to Cu. Overall, our study highlights the significance of the ETS in mitochondrial bioenergetic dysfunction caused by thermal stress, HRO and Cu exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravinder Sappal
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Michelle MacDougald
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Health Sciences Centre, Prince Philip Drive, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Mark Fast
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Don Stevens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Fred Kibenge
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Ahmed Siah
- British Columbia Centre for Aquatic Health Sciences, 871A Island Highway, Campbell River, BC, V9W 2C2, Canada
| | - Collins Kamunde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada.
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Onukwufor JO, Kibenge F, Stevens D, Kamunde C. Modulation of cadmium-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and volume changes by temperature in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 158:75-87. [PMID: 25461747 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We investigated how temperature modulates cadmium (Cd)-induced mitochondrial bioenergetic disturbances, metal accumulation and volume changes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). In the first set of experiments, rainbow trout liver mitochondrial function and Cd content were measured in the presence of complex I substrates, malate and glutamate, following exposure to Cd (0-100 μM) at three (5, 13 and 25 °C) temperatures. The second set of experiments assessed the effect of temperature on Cd-induced mitochondrial volume changes, including the underlying mechanisms, at 15 and 25 °C. Although temperature stimulated both state 3 and 4 rates of respiration, the coupling efficiency was reduced at temperature extremes due to greater inhibition of state 3 at low temperature and greater stimulation of state 4 at the high temperature. Cadmium exposure reduced the stimulatory effect of temperature on state 3 respiration but increased that on state 4, consequently exacerbating mitochondrial uncoupling. The interaction of Cd and temperature yielded different responses on thermal sensitivity of state 3 and 4 respiration; the Q10 values for state 3 respiration increased at low temperature (5-13 °C) while those for state 4 increased at high temperature (13-25 °C). Importantly, the mitochondria accumulated more Cd at high temperature suggesting that the observed greater impairment of oxidative phosphorylation with temperature was due, at least in part, to a higher metal burden. Cadmium-induced mitochondrial volume changes were characterized by an early phase of contraction followed by swelling, with temperature changing the kinetics and intensifying the effects. Lastly, using specific modulators of mitochondrial ion channels, we demonstrated that the mitochondrial volume changes were associated with Cd uptake via the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) without significant contribution of the permeability transition pore and/or potassium channels. Overall, it appears that high temperature exacerbates Cd-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and volume changes in part by increasing metal uptake through the MCU.
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Affiliation(s)
- John O Onukwufor
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada C1A 4P3
| | - Fred Kibenge
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada C1A 4P3
| | - Don Stevens
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada C1A 4P3
| | - Collins Kamunde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, PE, Canada C1A 4P3.
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