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Li J, Chang X, Zhao S, Zhang Y, Pu Q, Wang Y, Li J. Exudates of Microcystis aeruginosa on oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in gills of Sinocyclocheilus grahami. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 280:116587. [PMID: 38878336 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Early cyanobacterial blooms studies observed that exposure to blue-green algae led to fish gills impairment. The objective of this work was to evaluate the toxic mechanisms of exudates of Microcystis aeruginosa (MaE) on fish gills. In this study, the toxic mechanism of MaE (2×106 cells/mL) and one of its main components phytosphingosine (PHS) with two concentrations 2.9 ng/mL and 145 ng/mL were conducted by integrating histopathology, biochemical biomarkers, and transcriptomics techniques in Sinocyclocheilus grahami (S. grahami) for 96 h exposure. Damaged gill tissue with epithelial hyperplasia and hypertrophy, remarkable Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) enzyme activity, disrupted the redox homeostats including lipid peroxidation and inflammatory responses were observed in the fish of MaE exposure group. Compare to MaE exposure, two concentrations of PHS exposure appeared to be a trend of lower degree of tissue damage, NKA activity and oxidative stress, but induced obviously lipid metabolism disorder with higher triglycerides, total cholesterol and total bile acid, which might be responsible for inflammation responses in fish gill. By transcriptome analysis, MaE exposure were primarily enriched in pathways related to gill function and immune response. PHS exposure, with higher number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), were enriched in Toll-like receptor (TLR), Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) pathways. We concluded that MaE and PHS were induced the inflammatory responses, with oxidative stress-induced inflammation for MaE exposure but lipid metabolism disorder-induced inflammation for PHS exposure. The present study provided two toxin-induced gill inflammation response pathways under cyanobacterial blooms, which could be a scientific basis for the ecological and health risk assessment in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China; Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Xuexiu Chang
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Sen Zhao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Yuanwei Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Fish Breeding, Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Plateau-Lake Health and Restoration, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Qi Pu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Jiaojiao Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China.
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Yang C, Ding M, Hou K, Feng J, Li X, Pan X, Yang C, Zhang X, Guo J, Dai X. Dissolved organic matter, calcium ion and extracellular polymeric substances on living associated bacteria of Microcystis colony are crucial for unicellular Microcystis to efficiently form colonies. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 471:134352. [PMID: 38677120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Microcystis typically forms colonies under natural conditions, which contributes to occurrence and prevalence of algal blooms. The colonies consist of Microcystis and associated bacteria (AB), embedded in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). Previous studies indicate that AB can induce Microcystis to form colonies, however the efficiency is generally low and results in a uniform morphotype. In this study, by using filtrated natural water, several AB strains induced unicellular M. aeruginosa to form colonies resembling several Microcystis morphotypes. The mechanisms were investigated with Methylobacterium sp. Z5. Ca2+ was necessary for Z5 to induce Microcystis to form colonies, while dissolved organic matters (DOM) facilitated AB to agglomerate Microcystis to form large colonies. EPS of living Z5, mainly the aromatic protein components, played a key role in colony induction. Z5 initially aggregated Microcystis via the bridging effects of Ca2+ and DOM, followed by the induction of EPS synthesis and secretion in Microcystis. In this process, the colony forming mode shifted from cell adhesion to a combination of cell adhesion and cell division. Intriguingly, Z5 drove the genomic rearrangement of Microcystis by upregulating some transposase genes. This study unveiled a novel mechanism about Microcystis colony formation and identified a new driver of Microcystis genomic evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource Development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Mengyue Ding
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource Development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Kaiyu Hou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource Development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Junzhou Feng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource Development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xu Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource Development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaoyi Pan
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fish Health and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou 313001, China
| | - Caiyun Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource Development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource Development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jianlin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Fish Health and Nutrition of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Institute of Freshwater Fisheries, Huzhou 313001, China
| | - Xianzhu Dai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource Development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; National Base of International S&T Collaboration on Water Environmental Monitoring and Simulation in TGR Region (WEMST), 400716 Chongqing, China.
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Zi J, Barker J, Zi Y, MacIsaac HJ, Zhou Y, Harshaw K, Chang X. Assessment of estrogenic potential from exudates of microcystin-producing and non-microcystin-producing Microcystis by metabolomics, machine learning and E-screen assay. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 470:134170. [PMID: 38613957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial blooms, often dominated by Microcystis aeruginosa, are capable of producing estrogenic effects. It is important to identify specific estrogenic compounds produced by cyanobacteria, though this can prove challenging owing to the complexity of exudate mixtures. In this study, we used untargeted metabolomics to compare components of exudates from microcystin-producing and non-microcystin-producing M. aeruginosa strains that differed with respect to their ability to produce microcystins, and across two growth phases. We identified 416 chemicals and found that the two strains produced similar components, mainly organoheterocyclic compounds (20.2%), organic acids and derivatives (17.3%), phenylpropanoids and polyketides (12.7%), benzenoids (12.0%), lipids and lipid-like molecules (11.5%), and organic oxygen compounds (10.1%). We then predicted estrogenic compounds from this group using random forest machine learning. Six compounds (daidzin, biochanin A, phenylethylamine, rhein, o-Cresol, and arbutin) belonging to phenylpropanoids and polyketides (3), benzenoids (2), and organic oxygen compound (1) were tested and exhibited estrogenic potency based upon the E-screen assay. This study confirmed that both Microcystis strains produce exudates that contain compounds with estrogenic properties, a growing concern in cyanobacteria management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinmei Zi
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China; Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Justin Barker
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada; Maps, Data, and Government Information Centre, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario K9L 0G2, Canada
| | - Yuanyan Zi
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Hugh J MacIsaac
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada; School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- The Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Station of DEEY in Kunming, Kunming 650228, China; School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Keira Harshaw
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Xuexiu Chang
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China; Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario N9B 3P4, Canada.
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Hong Z, Chen X, Hu J, Chang X, Qian Y. Adverse effects of Microcystis aeruginosa exudates on the filtration, digestion, and reproduction organs of benthic bivalve Corbicula fluminea. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10934. [PMID: 38740841 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61333-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria bloom and the secondary metabolites released by the microorganism are extremely harmful to aquatic animals, yet study on their adverse effects in zoobenthos is rare. Corbicula fluminea widely distributed in freshwater environment with algal blooms. It is a typical filter feeding zoobenthos that may be affected by the secondary metabolites of cyanobacteria due to its high filtering rate. In this study, C. fluminea was exposed to Microcystis aeruginosa exudates (MaE) for 96 h, which was obtained from 5 × 105 cells/mL and 2.5 × 106 cells/mL exponential stage M. aeruginosa culture solution that represented cyanobacteria cell density needs environmental risk precaution control and emergent control, respectively. The responses of C. fluminea critical organs to MaE were analyzed and evaluated based on histopathological sections, antitoxicity biomarkers, and organ function biomarkers. The results showed that all the organs underwent structural disorders, cell vacuolization, apoptosis, and necrosis, and the damage levels increased as MaE concentration increased. The detoxification and antioxidant defense systems biomarkers in each organ response to MaE exposure differently and the level of reaction improved when MaE concentration increased. The siphon rate and acetylcholinesterase activity showed that the filtration function decreased significantly as the MaE concentration increased. Increased activity of glutathione S-transferase and amylase in the digestive gland indicate that it is the major detoxification organ of C. fluminea. Increased vitellogenin concentration and enlarged oocytes in the gonad indicate that MaE may have an estrogenic effect on C. fluminea. This study demonstrates that cyanobacteria threat benthic bivalves by inducing oxidative stress, inhibiting filtering feeding system, and disturbing digestion system and reproduction potential of C. fluminea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijin Hong
- Yunan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, China
| | - Xinyun Chen
- Yunan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, China
| | - Junxiang Hu
- Yunan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, China
| | - Xuexiu Chang
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B 3P4, Canada
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - Yu Qian
- Yunan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, Yunnan, China.
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Mutoti MI, Jideani AI, Madala NE, Gumbo JR. The occurrence and human health risk assessment of microcystins in diverse food matrixes during production. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29882. [PMID: 38681651 PMCID: PMC11053293 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Globally, the presence of cyanotoxins in water supplies and food has been widely investigated for over a decade. Cyanotoxins are harmful metabolites produced by toxic cyanobacterial genera. These metabolites belong to diverse chemical classes, with a variety of physicochemical properties, chemical structures, and toxic activities. The present study seeks to investigate the occurrence of cyanotoxins in water supplies destined for food processing and assess the human health risk from exposure to cyanotoxins. To achieve this, a simple, sensitive, and reliable analytical method was developed for the determination of microcystins (MC-RR, MC-LR, MC-YR) in process water, raw maize meal, and cooked maize (porridge) at ppb (parts per billion) levels. These compounds were extracted using Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) with optimized parameters; thereafter, Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used for the rapid determination of the analytes selected for the present study. The method developed was applied to samples collected from the meal grinding station located in Mawoni village in South Africa; and was able to detect and quantify all the target cyanotoxins. MC-LR, MC-YR and MC-RR were detected at concentrations ranging from 10 to 11.2 μg/L, 9.1-9.4 μg/L, and 2.3-3.5 μg/L, in water samples, respectively. However, MC-YR was not detected in ground water sample. Moreover, MC-LR, MC-YR, and MC-RR concentrations in maize and porridge samples ranged between 9.2 and 11.2, 5.5-8.6, and 6.3-9.3 μg/kg dry weight, respectively. The hazard quotient index (HQi) levels found in the present study ranged between 2.2 - 8.4 and 0.11-8.9 for adults and children, respectively, representing potential risks to human health. Findings from LC-MS/MS reveal that cyanotoxins can be transferred from water to food during food processing using cyanotoxins contaminated water. Furthermore, the methods developed can be used by environmental and health agencies to strengthen the monitoring of cyanotoxins in water and food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulalo I. Mutoti
- Department of Environmental, Water, and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria, 0083, South Africa
| | - Afam I.O. Jideani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, 0950, South Africa
| | - Ntakadzeni E. Madala
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, 0950, South Africa
| | - Jabulani R. Gumbo
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Agriculture, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, 0950, South Africa
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Harshaw K, Fahim A, Zi J, Chandrasekera PC, Chang X, Dixon B, MacIsaac HJ. Non-microcystin extracellular metabolites of Microcystis aeruginosa impair viability and reproductive gene expression in rainbow trout cell lines. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 919:170747. [PMID: 38340819 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Microcystis aeruginosa is a ubiquitous freshwater cyanobacterium best known for producing hepatotoxic microcystins; however, this common bloom-forming species also produces myriad biologically active and potentially deleterious other metabolites. Our understanding of the effects of these non-microcystin metabolites on fish is limited. In this study, we evaluated cytotoxicity of extracellular metabolites harvested from both microcystin-producing (MC+) and non-producing (MC-) strains of M. aeruginosa on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) cell lines derived from tissues of the brain, pituitary, heart, gonads, gills, skin, liver, and milt. We also examined the influence of M. aeruginosa exudates (MaE) on the expression of critical reproduction-related genes using the same cell lines. We found that exudates of the MC- M. aeruginosa strain significantly reduced viability in RTBrain, RTgill-W1, and RT-milt5 cell lines and induced significant cellular stress and/or injury in six of the eight cell lines-highlighting potential target tissues of cyanobacterial cytotoxic effects. Observed sublethal consequences of Microcystis bloom exposure occurred with both MC+ and MC- strains' exudates and significantly altered expression of developmental and sex steroidogenic genes. Collectively, our results emphasize the contributions of non-MC metabolites to toxicity of Microcystis-dominated algal blooms and the need to integrate the full diversity of M. aeruginosa compounds-beyond microcystins-into ecotoxicological risk assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keira Harshaw
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Ambreen Fahim
- Canadian Centre for Alternatives to Animal Methods, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Jinmei Zi
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
| | | | - Xuexiu Chang
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada; Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Brian Dixon
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Hugh J MacIsaac
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada; School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
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7
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Zhao S, Chang X, Li J, Zhu Y, Pan X, Hua Z, Li J. The two-way immunotoxicity in native fish induced by exudates of Microcystis aeruginosa: Immunostimulation and immunosuppression. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132554. [PMID: 37741215 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Secondary metabolites of cyanobacterial blooms have caused serious risks to aquatic animals. The immune system is an important barrier for fish against pollutants in aquatic systems. The immunetoxic mechanism of the exudates of Microcystis aeruginosa (MaE) on fish was lacking due to the complex components of MaE. In this project, Sinocyclocheilus grahami was used as the model to study the immunotoxic effects of MaE and PHS (one of the main components of the MaE) in fish. The immunosuppression effects of MaE are mainly in, decreased head-kindey index, damaged tissue structure of head-kidney and downregulated NF-κB, IL-1β. PHS induce immunostimulation via, increasing spleen index, apparently increasing leucocytes, increasing the IgM and lysozyme levels in serum and skin mucus, upregulating protease in skin mucus, increasing pro-immunologic factors (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and NF-κB), probably activating the TLRs/NF-κB, MAPK, FoxO1 and PPARγ signaling pathways. Therefore, our research identified potential data gaps that how the exudates of cyanobacteria induces immunostimulation and immunosuppression from immune organs level to skin mucus to blood cells to inflammatory factors to potential molecular initiating event of MaE and PHS. Further research is needed to obtain a deeper view of the molecular mechanisms involved in MaE and PHS immunotoxicity and its consequences in long-time exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zhao
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Xuexiu Chang
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Jun Li
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China
| | - Yanhua Zhu
- No. 1 School of Clinical Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaofu Pan
- The State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, Yunnan, China
| | - Zexiang Hua
- Aquatic Technology Promotion Station of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650034, China
| | - Jiaojiao Li
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan 650500, China.
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Guo S, Tong W, Qi Y, Jiang M, Li P, Zhang Z, Hu Q, Song Z, Ding B. Effects of Dietary Limosilactobacillus fermentum and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei Supplementation on the Intestinal Stem Cell Proliferation, Immunity, and Ileal Microbiota of Broiler Chickens Challenged by Coccidia and Clostridium perfringens. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3864. [PMID: 38136901 PMCID: PMC10740854 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate effects of dietary Limosilactobacillus fermentum and Lacticaseibacillus paracasei supplementation on the intestinal stem cell proliferation, immunity, and ileal microbiota of broiler chickens challenged by coccidia and Clostridium perfringens. A total of 336 one-day-old Ross 308 chickens were randomly assigned into four groups. Chickens in the control (CTR) group were fed basal diet, and chickens in the three challenged groups were fed basal diets supplemented with nothing (CCP group), 1.0 × 109 CFU/kg L. fermentum (LF_CCP group), and 1.0 × 109 CFU/kg L. paracasei (LP_CCP group), respectively. All challenged birds were infected with coccildia on day 9 and Clostridium perfringens during days 13-18. The serum and intestinal samples were collected on days 13 and 19. The results showed that L. fermentum significantly increased jejunal gene expression of cdxB (one of the intestinal stem cell marker genes) on day 13. Additionally, L. fermentum significantly up-regulated mRNA levels of JAK3 and TYK2 and tended to increase STAT6 mRNA expression in jejunum on day 19. In the cecal tonsil, both L. fermentum and L. paracasei decreased mRNA expression of JAK2 on day 13, and L. fermentum down-regulated JAK1-2, STAT1, and STAT5-6 gene expressions on day 19. Ileal microbiological analysis showed that coccidial infection increased the Escherichia-Shigella, Lactobacillus, and Romboutsia abundance and decreased Candidatus_Arthromitus richness on day 13, which were reversed by Lactobacillus intervention. Moreover, Lactobacilli increased ileal Lactobacillus richness on day 19. In conclusion, Lactobacilli alleviated the impairment of intestinal stem cell proliferation and immunity in coccidia- and C. perfringens-challenged birds via modulating JAK/STAT signaling and reshaping intestinal microflora.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Guo
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural by-Products, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (S.G.); (W.T.); (Y.Q.); (M.J.); (P.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Wenfei Tong
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural by-Products, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (S.G.); (W.T.); (Y.Q.); (M.J.); (P.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Ya Qi
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural by-Products, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (S.G.); (W.T.); (Y.Q.); (M.J.); (P.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Meihan Jiang
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural by-Products, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (S.G.); (W.T.); (Y.Q.); (M.J.); (P.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Peng Li
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural by-Products, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (S.G.); (W.T.); (Y.Q.); (M.J.); (P.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhengfan Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural by-Products, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (S.G.); (W.T.); (Y.Q.); (M.J.); (P.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Qunbing Hu
- Hubei Horwath Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Xianning 437099, China;
- Hunan International Joint Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Ecology and Health, Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Human Health, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Intestinal Function and Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Zhuan Song
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural by-Products, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (S.G.); (W.T.); (Y.Q.); (M.J.); (P.L.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Binying Ding
- Engineering Research Center of Feed Protein Resources on Agricultural by-Products, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China; (S.G.); (W.T.); (Y.Q.); (M.J.); (P.L.); (Z.Z.)
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Xu J, Chang X, MacIsaac HJ, Zhou Y, Li J, Wang T, Zhang J, Wen J, Xu D, Zhang H, Xu R. Is a lower-toxicity strain of Microcystis aeruginosa really less toxic? AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 263:106705. [PMID: 37776710 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Some well-known hazards of blooming cyanobacteria are caused by toxic metabolites such as microcystins (MCs), though many other bioactive chemicals of unknown toxicity are present in their exudates. It is also unclear whether toxicity of cyanobacterial cells depends on growth phases in the life cycle. In this study, we compared toxicity to Daphnia magna of Microcystis aeruginosa - a common cyanobacterial species - exudates (MaE) from two MC-producing strains over both exponential growth and stationary phases in acute and chronic experiments. Specifically, we assessed mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation, and filtering activity and heartbeat rate of Daphnia exposed to MaE. All MaE treatments induced common characteristics of Microcystis toxicity including disorder in the mitochondrial membrane and aberrant heart rate. MaE from cells at stationary growth phase were more toxic than those at exponential phase. Surprisingly, the MC-lower strain had higher toxicity than MC-higher one. Microcystis at different stage of blooms may differentially affect waterfleas owing to variable MaE-induced physiological dysfunction, abundance and grazing rate. Our study suggested that Microcystis strains with lower microcystin-producing ability might release other detrimental chemicals and should not be ignored in harmful bloom monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Xu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Xuexiu Chang
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China; Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Hugh J MacIsaac
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; The Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Station of DEEY in Kunming, Kunming 650228, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Yunnan Collaborative Innovation Center for Plateau Lake Ecology and Environmental Health, College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jiayao Wen
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Daochun Xu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Hongyan Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Runbing Xu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory for Plateau Mountain Ecology and Restoration of Degraded Environments, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
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10
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Melo Rocha MA, Clemente A, Amorim Santos A, da Silva Melo J, J Pestana C, A Lawton L, Capelo-Neto J. In situ H 2O 2 treatment of blue-green algae contaminated reservoirs causes significant improvement in drinking water treatability. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 333:138895. [PMID: 37187381 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The evaluation of water quality improvement brought about by in situ treatment of eutrophic water bodies, especially those used for human supply is a challenging task since each water system responds differently. To overcome this challenge, we applied exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to understand the effects of using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) on eutrophic water used as a drinking water supply. This analysis was used to identify the main factors that described the water treatability after exposing blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) contaminated raw water to H2O2 at both 5 and 10 mg L-1. Cyanobacterial chlorophyll-a was undetectable following the application of both concentrations of H2O2 after four days, while not causing relevant changes to green algae and diatoms chlorophyll-a concentrations. EFA demonstrated that the main factors affected by both H2O2 concentrations were turbidity, pH, and cyanobacterial chlorophyll-a concentration, which are important variables for a drinking water treatment plant. The H2O2 caused significant improvement in water treatability by decreasing those three variables. Finally, the use of EFA was demonstrated to be a promising tool in identifying which limnological variables are most relevant concerning the efficacy of water treatment, which in turn can make water quality monitoring more efficient and less costly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Allan Clemente
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Allan Amorim Santos
- Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jessica da Silva Melo
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Carlos J Pestana
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Linda A Lawton
- School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK
| | - José Capelo-Neto
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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11
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Sun C, Chang X, MacIsaac HJ, Wen J, Zhao L, Dai Z, Li J. Phytosphingosine inhibits cell proliferation by damaging DNA in human cell lines. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 256:114840. [PMID: 37001191 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms have caused numerous biosecurity incidents owing to the production of hazardous secondary metabolites such as microcystin. Additionally, cyanobacteria also release many other components that have not been explored. We identified compounds of a toxic mixture exudated from a dominant, blooming species, Microcystis aeruginosa, and found that phytosphingosine (PHS) was one of the bioactive components. Since PHS exhibited toxicity and is deemed a hazardous substance by the European Chemicals Agency, we hypothesized that PHS is a potentially toxic compound in M. aeruginosa exudates. However, the mechanisms of PHS ecotoxicity remain unclear. We assessed the cytotoxicity of PHS using an in vitro cell model in eight human cell lines and observed that the nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE2 was the most sensitive. We exposed CNE2 cells to 0-25 µmol/L PHS for 24 hr to explore its toxicity and mechanism. PHS exposure resulted in abnormal nuclear morphology, micronuclei, and DNA damage. Moreover, PHS significantly inhibited cell proliferation and arrested cell cycle at S phase. The results of Western blot suggested that PHS increased the expression of DNA damage-related proteins (ATM, p-P53 and P21) and decreased the expression of S phase-related proteins (CDK2, CyclinA2 and CyclinE1), indicating the toxicological mechanism of PHS on CNE2 cells. These data provide evidence that PHS has genetic toxicity and inhibits cell proliferation by damaging DNA. Our study provides evidence that PHS inhibits cell proliferation by damaging DNA. While additional work is required, we propose that PHS been considered as a potentially toxic component in MaE in addition to other well-characterized secondary compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Sun
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Xuexiu Chang
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada; College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Hugh J MacIsaac
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China
| | - Jiayao Wen
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Lixing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Zhi Dai
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resource, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Provincial Center for Research & Development of Natural Products, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jiaojiao Li
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
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12
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Zi Y, Barker JR, MacIsaac HJ, Zhang R, Gras R, Chiang YC, Zhou Y, Lu F, Cai W, Sun C, Chang X. Identification of neurotoxic compounds in cyanobacteria exudate mixtures. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 857:159257. [PMID: 36208737 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Release of toxic cyanobacterial secondary metabolites threatens biosecurity, foodwebs and public health. Microcystis aeruginosa (Ma), the dominant species in global freshwater cyanobacterial blooms, produces exudates (MaE) that cause adverse outcomes including nerve damage. Previously, we identified > 300 chemicals in MaE. It is critical to investigate neurotoxicity mechanisms of active substances among this suite of Ma compounds. Here, we screened 103 neurotoxicity assays from the ToxCast database to reveal targets of action of MaE using machine learning. We then built a potential Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) to identify neurotoxicity mechanisms of MaE as well as key targets. Finally, we selected potential neurotoxins matched with those targets using molecular docking. We found 38 targets that were inhibited and eight targets that were activated, collectively mainly related to neurotransmission (i.e. cholinergic, dopaminergic and serotonergic neurotransmitter systems). The potential AOP of MaE neurotoxicity could be caused by blocking calcium voltage-gated channel (CACNA1A), because of antagonizing neurotransmitter receptors, or because of inhibiting solute carrier transporters. We identified nine neurotoxic MaE compounds with high affinity to those targets, including LysoPC(16:0), 2-acetyl-1-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, egonol glucoside, polyoxyethylene (600) monoricinoleate, and phytosphingosine. Our study enhances understanding of neurotoxicity mechanisms and identifies neurotoxins in cyanobacterial bloom exudates, which may help identify priority compounds for cyanobacteria management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyan Zi
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9 B 3P4, Canada
| | - Justin R Barker
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9 B 3P4, Canada
| | - Hugh J MacIsaac
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9 B 3P4, Canada
| | - Ruihan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry for Natural Resources, Ministry of Education and Yunnan Province, School of Chemical Science and Technology, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Robin Gras
- School of Computer Science, University of Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Ying-Chih Chiang
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Life and Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Fangchi Lu
- Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery, School of Life and Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Wenwen Cai
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9 B 3P4, Canada
| | - Chunxiao Sun
- School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9 B 3P4, Canada
| | - Xuexiu Chang
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9 B 3P4, Canada; College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China.
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13
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Zhou Y, Xu J, MacIsaac HJ, McKay RM, Xu R, Pei Y, Zi Y, Li J, Qian Y, Chang X. Comparative metabolomic analysis of exudates of microcystin-producing and microcystin-free Microcystis aeruginosa strains. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1075621. [PMID: 36741884 PMCID: PMC9894096 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1075621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cHABs) dominated by Microcystis aeruginosa threaten the ecological integrity and beneficial uses of lakes globally. In addition to producing hepatotoxic microcystins (MC), M. aeruginosa exudates (MaE) contain various compounds with demonstrated toxicity to aquatic biota. Previously, we found that the ecotoxicity of MaE differed between MC-producing and MC-free strains at exponential (E-phase) and stationary (S-phase) growth phases. However, the components in these exudates and their specific harmful effects were unclear. In this study, we performed untargeted metabolomics based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to reveal the constituents in MaE of a MC-producing and a MC-free strain at both E-phase and S-phase. A total of 409 metabolites were identified and quantified based on their relative abundance. These compounds included lipids, organoheterocyclic compounds, organic acid, benzenoids and organic oxygen compounds. Multivariate analysis revealed that strains and growth phases significantly influenced the metabolite profile. The MC-producing strain had greater total metabolites abundance than the MC-free strain at S-phase, whereas the MC-free strain released higher concentrations of benzenoids, lipids, organic oxygen, organic nitrogen and organoheterocyclic compounds than the MC-producing strain at E-phase. Total metabolites had higher abundance in S-phase than in E- phase in both strains. Analysis of differential metabolites (DMs) and pathways suggest that lipids metabolism and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites were more tightly coupled to growth phases than to strains. Abundance of some toxic lipids and benzenoids DMs were significantly higher in the MC-free strain than the MC-producing one. This study builds on the understanding of MaE chemicals and their biotoxicity, and adds to evidence that non-MC-producing strains of cyanobacteria may also pose a threat to ecosystem health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhou
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Department of Ecology and Environment of Yunnan Province, Kunming Ecology and Environment Monitoring Station, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Hugh J. MacIsaac
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Michael McKay
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Runbing Xu
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Ying Pei
- College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuanyan Zi
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Jiaojiao Li
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Yu Qian
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Xuexiu Chang
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
- College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming, China
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14
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Xu Y, Xu W, Hu X, Su H, Wen G, Yang K, Cao Y. Toxicity of the microcystin-producing cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa to shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 31:1403-1412. [PMID: 36223040 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-022-02597-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Microcystis aeruginosa is reported to cause cyanobacterial blooms in shrimp breeding ponds, which can result in significant shrimp mortality. However, the toxic effects of M. aeruginosa on Litopenaeus vannamei are still not completely understood. In this paper, the toxicity of M. aeruginosa cells to L. vannamei was examined, and the toxic components in the cells were analyzed through high-pressure liquid chromatography (HLPC). In addition, the immune response of shrimp to the M. aeruginosa cell extract was assessed by measuring the activity of immune-related enzymes, as well as the transcription of the relevant genes. The results showed that M. aeruginosa cells, extract and cell-free cultured medium resulted in a 100%, 98.3%, and 1.7% mortality rate in shrimp, respectively. HPLC analysis results revealed the presence of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) at a concentration of 190.40 mg/kg of cells. In addition, the activity and gene transcription of two immune related enzymes, SOD and LZM, were both significantly reduced in shrimp hepatopancreas (p < 0.05) after injection with extract. However, reduced glutathione (GSH) content was slightly increased, but the ratio of GSH to GSSG decreased. The transcription of gst gene function as detoxification, was significantly downregulated (p < 0.05). The results demonstrated that M. aeruginosa cell extract was highly toxic to L. vannamei, and exerted a negative effect on shrimp immunity including reduction of antioxidant capacity, antibacterial activity and detoxification activity, due to toxins including microcystin-LR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Xu
- Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, 572018, Sanya, China
- Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization and Processing of Marine Fishery Resources of Hainan Province, 572018, Sanya, China
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wujie Xu
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Hu
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haochang Su
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoliang Wen
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, China
| | - Keng Yang
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yucheng Cao
- South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 510300, Guangzhou, China.
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15
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Li J, Wen J, Sun C, Zhou Y, Xu J, MacIsaac HJ, Chang X, Cui Q. Phytosphingosine-induced cell apoptosis via a mitochondrially mediated pathway. Toxicology 2022; 482:153370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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16
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Cai W, MacIsaac HJ, Xu R, Zhang J, Pan X, Zhang Y, Yang J, Dixon B, Li J, Zi Y, Chang X. Abnormal neurobehavior in fish early life stages after exposure to cyanobacterial exudates. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 245:114119. [PMID: 36174318 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cHABs) pose a risk to exposed aquatic and terrestrial species. Numerous studies have addressed effects of single toxins while much less attention has been devoted to mixtures of cHAB metabolites that are continually released by living cyanobacteria. Neuro-impairment associated with cHABs has been reported in fish, though the mechanism remains unclear. Here we exposed embryos of Sinocyclocheilus grahami, an endangered fish, to Microcystis aeruginosa exudates (MaE) to evaluate neurotoxicity and the toxicity mechanism(s). We found that MaE affected embryonic development by increasing malformation and mortality rates and decreasing the fertilization rate. MaE also inhibited fish neurobehavior including touch response, social frequency, swimming distance, and aggravated light-stimulation response. Neurobehavior suppression resulted from a decrease in excitatory neurotransmitters acetylcholine and dopamine, even though receptors increased. MaE also affected gene and protein expression of neurotransmitters, synthetic and/or degrading enzymes, and receptors. Our findings shed light on specific mechanisms by which MaE induces neurotoxicity in early life stages in fish and contributes to improvement of the conservation strategy for this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Cai
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Hugh J MacIsaac
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Runbing Xu
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Xiaofu Pan
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Fish Breeding, Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Plateau-Lake Health and Restoration, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Yuanwei Zhang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Fish Breeding, Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Plateau-Lake Health and Restoration, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Junxing Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plateau Fish Breeding, Yunnan Engineering Research Center for Plateau-Lake Health and Restoration, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China
| | - Brian Dixon
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Jiaojiao Li
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Yuanyan Zi
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Xuexiu Chang
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada; College of Agronomy and Life Sciences, Kunming University, Kunming 650214, China.
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Zhang S, Cheng Y, Linhartová Z, Rodinová V, Shazada NE, Wu Q, Linhart O. In vivo and in vitro aging of common carp Cyprinus carpio sperm after multiple hormonal application and stripping of males. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:1235-1250. [PMID: 35974127 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01114-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to evaluate sperm phenotypic variables during in vivo and in vitro storage following multiple sperm stripping in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Each male was injected 3 times with carp pituitary 3 days apart. Sperm was stored in vivo in the body cavity for 0.5 days (Fresh sperm) and 3 days (Old sperm) after hormonal stimulation. Then sperm was collected and diluted with a carp extender at a ratio of 1:1, and stored in vitro on ice for 0, 3, and 6 days. The phenotypic parameters, including the number of total motile spermatozoa, number of fast motile spermatozoa, number of motile spermatozoa, percentage of fast motile spermatozoa, and percentage of spermatozoa motility were the major components of principal component analysis (PCA). In general, Fresh sperm from the first stripping showed slightly better quality than Old sperm from the second and third stripping, especially in the phenotypic parameters of a number of total spermatozoa and a number of total motile spermatozoa (P < 0.05). The highest kinetic and quantitative spermatozoa variables were obtained in Fresh and Old sperm just after sperm collection (0-day storage in vitro), and then they were decreased during the period of in vitro storage up to 6 days (P < 0.05). However, the fertilization, hatching, and malformation rates from Fresh sperm were similar compared with the Old sperm. Sperm could be stripped 0.5 days post hormonal treatment and stored in vitro up to 6 days with good fertilization performance (fertility, hatching, and malformation rates were 92.5%, 91.5%, and 1.3%, respectively). Therefore, our results suggested that multiple hormonal treatments with multiple stripping could be used in artificial reproduction in common carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songpei Zhang
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Yu Cheng
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Linhartová
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimíra Rodinová
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Nururshopa Eskander Shazada
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic
| | - Qing Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Otomar Linhart
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Center of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Zatisi 728/II, 389 25, Vodnany, Czech Republic.
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Svirčev Z, Chen L, Sántha K, Drobac Backović D, Šušak S, Vulin A, Palanački Malešević T, Codd GA, Meriluoto J. A review and assessment of cyanobacterial toxins as cardiovascular health hazards. Arch Toxicol 2022; 96:2829-2863. [PMID: 35997789 PMCID: PMC9395816 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03354-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Eutrophicated waters frequently support bloom-forming cyanobacteria, many of which produce potent cyanobacterial toxins (cyanotoxins). Cyanotoxins can cause adverse health effects in a wide range of organisms where the toxins may target the liver, other internal organs, mucous surfaces and the skin and nervous system. This review surveyed more than 100 studies concerning the cardiovascular toxicity of cyanotoxins and related topics. Over 60 studies have described various negative effects on the cardiovascular system by seven major types of cyanotoxins, i.e. the microcystin (MC), nodularin (NOD), cylindrospermopsin (CYN), anatoxin (ATX), guanitoxin (GNTX), saxitoxin (STX) and lyngbyatoxin (LTX) groups. Much of the research was done on rodents and fish using high, acutely toxin concentrations and unnatural exposure routes (such as intraperitoneal injection), and it is thus concluded that the emphasis in future studies should be on oral, chronic exposure of mammalian species at environmentally relevant concentrations. It is also suggested that future in vivo studies are conducted in parallel with studies on cells and tissues. In the light of the presented evidence, it is likely that cyanotoxins do not constitute a major risk to cardiovascular health under ordinary conditions met in everyday life. The risk of illnesses in other organs, in particular the liver, is higher under the same exposure conditions. However, adverse cardiovascular effects can be expected due to indirect effects arising from damage in other organs. In addition to risks related to extraordinary concentrations of the cyanotoxins and atypical exposure routes, chronic exposure together with co-existing diseases could make some of the cyanotoxins more dangerous to cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zorica Svirčev
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, UNS, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia.
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Liang Chen
- Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology (IHB), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Wuhan, 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Faculty of Water Resources and Hydroelectric Engineering, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an, 710048, China
| | - Kinga Sántha
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, UNS, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Damjana Drobac Backović
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, UNS, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Stamenko Šušak
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, UNS, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Vulin
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Medicine, UNS, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases of Vojvodina, Sremska Kamenica, Serbia
| | - Tamara Palanački Malešević
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, UNS, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Geoffrey A Codd
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Jussi Meriluoto
- University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Biology and Ecology, UNS, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 2, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland
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19
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Possibility for Water Quality Biocontrol: Observation of Microcystin Transfer in the “Cyanobacteria–Cladohorn–Fish” Food Chain. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14121928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Microcystins appear to be considered one of the most dangerous cyanobacterial toxins in the world. The accumulation and change of microcystins MC-LR and MC-RR in the “cyanobacteria–cladocera–fish” food chain were studied. Microcystis aeruginosa was fed to Moina macrocopa at three densities, 5.0 × 103, 5.0 × 105, and 5.0 × 106 cells/mL, and then passed to Cyprinus flammans. The total amount of MCs in the cyanobacteria cell extract increased with increasing density. The content of MCs in M. macrocopa increased with the feeding density of M. aeruginosa. In the final stage of experiments, MC-RR was the only MC that could be transmitted by M. macrocopa and persisted in red carp. In this study, changes in the concentrations of MC-LR and MC-RR in the liver of red carp seem to indicate some kind of transformation or degradation mechanism. It shows the possibility of MCs concentration-controlled biodefense in eutrophic waters.
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20
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Sub-Saharan Africa Freshwater Fisheries under Climate Change: A Review of Impacts, Adaptation, and Mitigation Measures. FISHES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes7030131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Sub-Saharan Africa’s freshwater fisheries contribute significantly to the livelihoods and food security of millions of people within the region. However, freshwater fisheries are experiencing multiple anthropogenic stressors such as overfishing, illegal fishing, pollution, and climate change. There is a substantial body of literature on the effects of climate change on freshwater fisheries in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study reviews the existing literature and highlights the effects of climate change on freshwater fisheries, the adaptation strategies of fishery-dependent households in response to the effects, and fisheries’ management and mitigation efforts in the face of climate change. The general effects of climate change on freshwater environments include warming water temperatures, increased stratification, modified hydrological processes, and increased pollutants. These effects adversely affect the physiological processes of fish and the overall wellbeing of fishery-dependent people. To cope with the effects of fluctuating fishery resources due to climate change, fishery-dependent people have adopted several adaptation strategies including livelihood diversification, changing their fishing gear, increasing their fishing efforts, and targeting new species. Several management attempts have been made to enhance the sustainability of fishery resources, from local to regional levels. This study recommends the participation of the resource users in the formulation of policies aimed at promoting climate change adaptation and the resilience of freshwater fisheries for sustainable development.
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21
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Wang X, Zhang Y, Li C, Huang X, Li F, Wang X, Li G. Allelopathic effect of Oocystis borgei culture on Microcystis aeruginosa. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2022; 43:1662-1671. [PMID: 33151809 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1847202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the possibility of using Oocystis borgei to prevent and control harmful algae blooms. Firstly, Microcystis aeruginosa and O. borgei were co-cultured to assess the competition for nutrients between them. Different physiological and biochemical parameters, such as growth, cell membrane permeability and esterase activities were determined in exudate culture experiment to investigate allelopathic effects of O. borgei culture and mixed cultures (O. borgei and M. aeruginosa) at different growth phase on harmful microalgae (M. aeruginosa). Results showed that O. borgei could significantly inhibited M. aeruginosa when volume ratios were 4:1 and 1:1 (M. aeruginosa: O. borgei) in co-culture experiment. Further, it was found that the membrane system of M. aeruginosa was disintegrated by the culture filtrate of O. borgei at exponential phase. In addition, esterase activities and photorespiration were significantly inhibited. In conclusion, O. borgei exhibited different allelopathic effects at different growth phase. Its exponential phase showed a significant inhibitory effect, while no inhibitory effect was observed at the decline phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Algae Breeding and Application, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulei Zhang
- Department of Aquaculture, Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Algae Breeding and Application, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Changling Li
- Department of Aquaculture, Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Algae Breeding and Application, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghu Huang
- Department of Aquaculture, Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Algae Breeding and Application, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Aquaculture, Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Technology Research Center for Algae Breeding and Application, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Department of Aquaculture, Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanbao Li
- Department of Aquaculture, Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, People's Republic of China
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22
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Sergi E, Orfanakis M, Dimitriadi A, Christou M, Zachopoulou A, Kourkouta C, Printzi A, Zervou SK, Makridis P, Hiskia A, Koumoundouros G. Sublethal exposure to Microcystis aeruginosa extracts during embryonic development reduces aerobic swimming capacity in juvenile zebrafish. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 243:106074. [PMID: 35030472 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) pose an intensifying ecological threat. Microcystis aeruginosa is a common CyanoHAB species in freshwater ecosystems, with severe toxic effects in a wide range of organisms. In the present paper we examined whether transient and short (48 h) exposure of fish embryos to sublethal levels of M. aeruginosa crude extract (200 mg biomass dw L-1) affects swimming performance at later life stages (end of metamorphosis, ca 12 mm TL, 22,23 days post-fertilization). Pre-exposed metamorphosing larvae presented a significant decrease in swimming performance (9.7 ± 1.6 vs 11.4 ± 1.7 TL s-1 in the control group, p < 0.01), and a significant decrease in the ventricle length-to-depth ratio (1.23 ± 0.15 vs 1.42 ± 0.15 in control fish, p < 0.05). In addition, extract-exposed fish presented significantly elevated rates of vertebral abnormalities (82 ± 13% vs 7 ± 4% in the control group), mainly consisting of the presence of extra neural and haemal processes. No significant differences between groups were detected in survival and growth rates. Results are discussed in respect to the mechanisms that might mediate the detected cyanobacterial effects. This is the first evidence of a direct link between sublethal exposure to M. aeruginosa during the embryonic period and swimming performance at later life-stages. Decreased swimming performance, altered cardiac shape, and elevated vertebral abnormalities in response to early exposure to M. aeruginosa could have significant effects on fish populations in the wild.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maria Christou
- Biology Department, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | | | - Alice Printzi
- Biology Department, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Sevasti-Kiriaki Zervou
- Laboratory of Photo-Catalytic Processes and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | | | - Anastasia Hiskia
- Laboratory of Photo-Catalytic Processes and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, NCSR "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
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23
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Barbosa RG, Oliveira FC, Andrés-Torres M, Sleutels T, Verstraete W, Boon N. Effective orthophosphate removal from surface water using hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria: Moving towards applicability. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 800:149648. [PMID: 34399325 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Effective orthophosphate removal strategies are needed to counteract eutrophication and guarantee water quality. Previously, we established that hydrogen-oxidizing bacteria (HOB) have the ability to remove orthophosphate from artificial surface water. In the present study, we expand the application of the HOB orthophosphate removal strategy (1) to treat artificial surface water with low initial orthophosphate concentrations, (2) to treat real surface water and real wastewater effluent, and (3) to remove orthophosphate continuously. For synthetic surface water, irrespective of the initial concentration of 0.7, 0.5, 0.3, and 0.1 mg PO43--P/L, ultra-low concentrations (0.0058 ± 0.0028 mg PO43--P/L) were obtained. When artificial surface water was replaced by real surface water, without added nutrients or other chemicals, it was shown that over 90% orthophosphate could be removed within 30 min of operation in a batch configuration (0.031 ± 0.023 mg PO43--P/L). In continuous operation, orthophosphate removal from surface water left an average concentration of 0.040 ± 0.036 for 60 days, and the lowest orthophosphate concentration measured was 0.013 mg PO43-/L. Simultaneously, nitrate was continuously removed for 60 days below 0.1 mg/L. The ability to remove orthophosphate even under nitrogen limiting conditions might be related to the ability of HOB to fix nitrogen. This study brings valuable insights into the potential use of HOB biofilms for nutrient remediation and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel G Barbosa
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium; Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, the Netherlands.
| | - Felipe Candolo Oliveira
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - María Andrés-Torres
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Tom Sleutels
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, P.O. Box 1113, 8900 CC Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Willy Verstraete
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium; Avecom NV, Industrieweg 122P, 9032 Wondelgem, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium; Centre for Advanced Process Technology for Urban Resource Recovery (CAPTURE), P.O., Frieda Saeysstraat 1, B-9000 Gent, Belgium.
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24
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Feist SM, Lance RF. Genetic detection of freshwater harmful algal blooms: A review focused on the use of environmental DNA (eDNA) in Microcystis aeruginosa and Prymnesium parvum. HARMFUL ALGAE 2021; 110:102124. [PMID: 34887004 DOI: 10.1016/j.hal.2021.102124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recurrence and severity of harmful algal blooms (HABs) are increasing due to a number of factors, including human practices and climate change. Sensitive and robust methods that allow for early and expedited HAB detection across large landscape scales are needed. Among the suite of HAB detection tools available, a powerful option exists in genetics-based approaches utilizing environmental sampling, also termed environmental DNA (eDNA). Here we provide a detailed methodological review of three HAB eDNA approaches (quantitative PCR, high throughput sequencing, and isothermal amplification). We then summarize and synthesize recently published eDNA applications covering a variety of HAB surveillance and research objectives, all with a specific emphasis in the detection of two widely problematic freshwater species, Microcystis aeruginosa and Prymnesium parvum. In our summary and conclusion we build on this literature by discussing ways in which eDNA methods could be advanced to improve HAB detection. We also discuss ways in which eDNA data could be used to potentially provide novel insight into the ecology, mitigation, and prediction of HABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheena M Feist
- Environmental Lab, United States Army Corps of Engineers Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, 39180, United States.
| | - Richard F Lance
- Environmental Lab, United States Army Corps of Engineers Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, MS, 39180, United States
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25
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Characterization of Intracellular Structure Changes of Microcystis under Sonication Treatment by Polarized Light Scattering. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11080279. [PMID: 34436081 PMCID: PMC8393532 DOI: 10.3390/bios11080279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial bloom is one of the most urgent global environmental issues, which eventually could threaten human health and safety. Sonication treatment (ST) is a potential effective method to control cyanobacteria blooms in the field. Currently, the bottleneck of extensive application of ST is the difficulty to estimate the ST effect on the cyanobacterial cells and then determine suitable ST times in the field. In this study, cyanobacterial Microcystis samples sonicated at different times were first measured by a spectrophotometer to calculate the removal efficiency of Microcystis cells. Additionally, they were observed by TEM to reveal the intracellular structure changes of the cells. Then the samples were measured by an experimental setup based on polarized light scattering to measure the polarization parameters. Experimental results indicated that the polarization parameters can effectively characterize the intracellular structural changes of Microcystis cells with different ST times, which is quite consistent with the results for removal efficiency and TEM images. Further, the optimal ST time can be inferred by the polarization parameters. These results demonstrate that polarized light scattering can be a potentially powerful tool to explore suitable times for sonication treatment of cyanobacteria blooms.
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26
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Zeng Y, Wang J, Yang C, Ding M, Hamilton PB, Zhang X, Yang C, Zhnag L, Dai X. A Streptomyces globisporus strain kills Microcystis aeruginosa via cell-to-cell contact. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 769:144489. [PMID: 33465632 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) bring economic loss, damage aquatic ecosystems, and produce cyanobacterial toxins that threaten human health. Algicidal bacteria as pathogens can expediate the decline of CyanoHABs. In this study, a Streptomyces globisporus strain (designated G9), isolated from soil near a eutrophic pond, showed high algicidal activity against Microcystis aeruginosa. Experimental results show that G9 preyed on Microcystis through cell-to-cell contact: (1) the hyphae of G9 killed cyanobacterial cells by twining around them, while cells beyond the reach of G9 hyphae were in normal shapes; (2) No algicides were detectable in the supernatant of G9 cultures or G9-Microcystis cocultures. The algicidal ratio of G9 to M. aeruginosa reached 96.7% after 6 days. G9 selectively killed the tested cyanobacterial strains, while it had only minor impacts on the growth of tested Chlorophyceae. Differential gene expression studies show that G9 affected the expression of key genes of M. aeruginosa involved in photosynthesis, microcystin synthesis and cellular emergency responses. Further, the microcystin-LR content decreased gradually with G9 treatment. As the first reported Streptomyces sp. with algicidal (predation) activity requiring cell-to-cell contact with target prey, G9 is a good candidate for the exploration of additional cyanobacteria-bacteria interactions and the development of novel strategies to control CyanoHABs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudie Zeng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiayu Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Mengyue Ding
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Paul B Hamilton
- Canadian Museum of Nature, 240 McLeod Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 6P4, Canada
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Caiyun Yang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Lei Zhnag
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xianzhu Dai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Bio-resource development for Bioenergy, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
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27
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Li JJ, Chao JJ, McKay RML, Xu RB, Wang T, Xu J, Zhang JL, Chang XX. Antibiotic pollution promotes dominance by harmful cyanobacteria: A case study examining norfloxacin exposure in competition experiments. JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2021; 57:677-688. [PMID: 33483964 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.13133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) in freshwater lakes across the globe are often combined with other stressors. Pharmaceutical pollution, especially antibiotics in water bodies, poses a potential hazard in aquatic ecosystems. However, how antibiotics influence the risk of cyanoHABs remains unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of norfloxacin (NOR), one of the most widely used antibiotics globally, to a bloom-forming cyanobacterium (Microcystis aeruginosa) and a common green alga (Scenedesmus quadricauda), under both mono- and coculture conditions. Taxon-specific responses to NOR were evaluated in monoculture. In addition, the growth rate and change in ratio of cyanobacteria to green algae when cocultured with exposure to NOR were determined. In monocultures of Microcystis, exposure to low concentrations of NOR resulted in decreases in biomass, chlorophyll a and soluble protein content, while superoxide anion content and superoxide dismutase activity increased. However, NOR at high concentration only slightly affected Scenedesmus. During the co-culture trials of Microcystis and Scenedesmus, the 5 μg · L-1 NOR treatment increased the ratio of Microcystis to co-cultured Scenedesmus by 47.2%. Meanwhile, although Scenedesmus growth was enhanced by 4.2% under NOR treatment in monoculture, it was conversely inhibited by 63.4% and 38.2% when co-cultured with Microcystis with and without NOR, respectively. Our results indicate that antibiotic pollution has a potential risk to enhance the perniciousness of cyanoHABs by disturbing interspecific interaction between cyanobacteria and green algae. These results reinforce the need for scientists and managers to consider the influence of xenobiotics in shaping the outcome of interactions among multiple species in aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Li
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China
| | - Jing-Jing Chao
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China
| | - Robert Michael Lee McKay
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada
| | - Run-Bing Xu
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China
| | - Jin-Long Zhang
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China
| | - Xue-Xiu Chang
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650091, China
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, N9B 3P4, Canada
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28
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Li H, Gu X, Chen H, Mao Z, Zeng Q, Yang H, Kan K. Comparative toxicological effects of planktonic Microcystis and benthic Oscillatoria on zebrafish embryonic development: Implications for cyanobacteria risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 274:115852. [PMID: 33246764 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Planktonic and benthic cyanobacteria blooms are increasing in frequency in recent years. Although many studies have focused on the effects of purified toxins or cyanobacteria extracts on fish developments, the more complex impacts of cyanobacteria cells on fish populations are still considered insufficient. This study compared the toxicological effects of harmful planktonic Microcystis and benthic Oscillatoria on zebrafish (Danio rerio) early stages of development. Zebrafish embryos, at 1-2 h post fertilization (hpf), were exposed to 5, 10, and 20 × 105 cells/mL Microcystis (producing microcystins) or Oscillatoria (producing cylindrospermopsins) until 96 hpf. The results indicated that the effects of benthic Oscillatoria on embryonic development of zebrafish were different from those of planktonic Microcystis. Reduced hatching rates, increased mortality, depressed heart rates and elevated malformation rates were observed following exposures to increased concentrations of Microcystis, whilst Oscillatoria exposures only caused yolk sac edemas. Exposure to a high concentration of Microcystis induced severe oxidative damage, growth inhibition and transcriptional downregulations of genes (GH, GHR1, IGF1, IGF1rb) associated with the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor (GH/IGF) axis. Although Oscillatoria exposure did not affect the body growth, it obviously enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and up-regulated the expressions of several oxidative stress-related genes. Discrepancies in the developmental toxicity caused by Microcystis and Oscillatoria may not only attributed to the different secondary metabolites they secrete, but also to the different adhesion behaviors of algal cells on embryonic chorion. These results suggested that harmful cyanobacteria cells could influence the successful recruitment of fish, while the effects of benthic cyanobacteria should not be ignored. It also highlighted that the necessity for further investigating the ecotoxicity of intact cyanobacterial samples when assessing the risk of cyanobacterial blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaohong Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Regional Modern Agriculture & Environmental Protection, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, China.
| | - Huihui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Zhigang Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Qingfei Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Huiting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Kecong Kan
- State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography & Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Fan G, Chen Z, Hong L, Du B, Yan Z, Zhan J, You Y, Ning R, Xiao H. Simultaneous removal of harmful algal cells and toxins by a Ag 2CO 3-N:GO photocatalyst coating under visible light. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 741:140341. [PMID: 32615428 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The frequent harmful algae blooms (HABs) in eutrophic waters pose serious threats to the water environment and health of human beings and animals. In this study, a new type of photocatalytic coating was prepared by loading Ag2CO3-N:GO (AGON) on the polyurethane sponge modified by silica sol via a dip coating method for the photocatalytic inactivation of Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) and degradation of Microcystin-LR (MC-LR). The factors including photocatalyst loading dosage, natural organic matter (NOM), and alkalinity were studied. The effects on the physiological characteristics of M. aeruginosa and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were also investigated to reveal the photocatalytic inactivation mechanisms. The results showed that the AGON coating-4 (the initial concentration of AGON suspension used for loading is 4 g/L) exhibited the optimum photocatalytic performance under visible light, which can completely remove chlorophyll a after 5 h of irradiation. And the NOM and alkalinity in water have relatively negative effects on the photocatalytic inactivation of algae. The prepared AGON coating also exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance in the degradation of MC-LR under visible light. It only needed 20, 60 and 120 min to completely degrade 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 mg/L MC-LR, respectively. However, the mixed systems of algae and MC-LR required a longer time to achieve photocatalytic degradation. The O2- were the predominant reactive oxygen species, causing the damage of cell membranes and walls and the leakage of cellular content, which eventually led to the irreversible damage to algal cells. What's more, the coating can be reused several times due to its good cyclability and stability. Therefore, the AGON coating has promising prospects for the treatment of algal blooms in eutrophic waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongduan Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116, Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, 350002, Fujian, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials, Fuzhou University, 350002, Fujian, China.
| | - Zhong Chen
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Liang Hong
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Banghao Du
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Zhongsen Yan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116, Fujian, China; State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, 350002, Fujian, China
| | - Jiajun Zhan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Yifan You
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Rongsheng Ning
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Heshun Xiao
- China Construction Third Bureau First Engineering Co. Ltd., 430040, Hubei, China
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30
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He Y, Yang Y, Dong Y, Ito K, Zhang B. Highly nutritious diet resists Salmonella Typhimurium infections by improving intestinal microbiota and morphology in broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2020; 99:7055-7065. [PMID: 33248622 PMCID: PMC7705041 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.09.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) infection in broiler chickens threatens public health and livestock production. In this study, we explored the effects of highly nutritious (crude protein 21.8%, metabolizable energy 3.16 Mcal/kg) and lowly nutritious (crude protein 18.1%, metabolizable energy 2.98 Mcal/kg) diets on S. Typhimurium infection by altering the intestinal morphology and environment in broiler chickens. The highly nutritious diet significantly increased the body weight gain and reduced feed conversion ratio on day 1 to 21 (P < 0.01). The highly nutritious diets promoted the intestinal villus height, crypt depth, and their ratio to improve the intestinal epithelial maturation (P < 0.05). Highly nutritious diets significantly increased the expression of claudin-1, occludin, and NF-κB genes in the intestinal epithelium on the days of 14 and 21 (P < 0.05). S. Typhimurium activated the expression of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κB genes to cause an inflammatory response. The S. Typhimurium can increase the activity of myeloperoxidase, which cause an inflammatory response. The S. Typhimurium significantly reduced the diversity indexes of the ileal microbiota (P < 0.05), increased the abundance of Cyanobacteria which can synthesize toxins. The highly nutritious diet group challenged with S. Typhimurium can increase the abundance of Lactobacillus in the ileum, which lead to improved intestinal health (P < 0.05). It is concluded that increasing the nutritional level of dietary is beneficial to improve the resistance to S. Typhimurium infection by altering the intestinal bacterial community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang He
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuanyang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Koichi Ito
- Department of Food and Physiological Models, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Ibaraki 319-0206, Japan
| | - Bingkun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science & Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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31
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Pipal M, Priebojova J, Koci T, Blahova L, Smutna M, Hilscherova K. Field cyanobacterial blooms producing retinoid compounds cause teratogenicity in zebrafish embryos. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 241:125061. [PMID: 31877619 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria routinely release potentially harmful bioactive compounds into the aquatic environment. Several recent studies suggested a potential link between the teratogenicity of effects caused by cyanobacteria and production of retinoids. To investigate this relationship, we analysed the teratogenicity of field-collected cyanobacterial bloom samples by means of an in vivo zebrafish embryo test, an in vitro reporter gene bioassay and by the chemical analysis of retinoids. Extracts of biomass from cyanobacterial blooms with the dominance of Microcystis aeruginosa and Aphanizomenon klebahnii were collected from water bodies in the Czech Republic and showed significant retinoid-like activity in vitro, as well as high degrees of teratogenicity in vivo. Chemical analysis was then used to identify a set of retinoids in ng per gram of dry weight concentration range. Subsequent fractionation and bioassay-based characterization identified two fractions with significant in vitro retinoid-like activity. Moreover, in most of the retinoids eluted from these fractions, teratogenicity with malformations typical for retinoid signalling disruption was observed in zebrafish embryos after exposure to the total extracts and these in vitro effective fractions. The zebrafish embryo test proved to be a sensitive toxicity indicator of the biomass extracts, as the teratogenic effects occurred at even lower concentrations than those expected from the activity detected in vitro. In fact, teratogenicity with retinoid-like activity was detected at concentrations that are commonly found in biomasses and even in bulk water surrounding cyanobacterial blooms. Overall, these results provide evidence of a link between retinoid-like activity, teratogenicity and the retinoids produced by cyanobacterial water blooms in the surrounding environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marek Pipal
- RECETOX Faculty of Science Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Priebojova
- RECETOX Faculty of Science Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Koci
- RECETOX Faculty of Science Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Blahova
- RECETOX Faculty of Science Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Smutna
- RECETOX Faculty of Science Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klara Hilscherova
- RECETOX Faculty of Science Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Alosman M, Cao L, Massey IY, Yang F. The lethal effects and determinants of microcystin-LR on heart: a mini review. TOXIN REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2019.1711417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Muwaffak Alosman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Linghui Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Isaac Yaw Massey
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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Xu R, Jiang Y, MacIsaac HJ, Chen L, Li J, Xu J, Wang T, Zi Y, Chang X. Blooming cyanobacteria alter water flea reproduction via exudates of estrogen analogues. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 696:133909. [PMID: 31454606 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria blooms are increasing globally, with further increases predicted in association with climate change. Recently, some cyanobacteria species have been identified as a source of estrogenic effects in aquatic animals. To explore possible estrogenic effects of Microcystis aeruginosa (an often-dominant cyanobacteria species) on zooplankton, we examined effects of cyanobacteria exudates (MaE, 2 × 104 and 4 × 105 cells/ml) on reproduction in Daphnia magna. We analyzed physiological, biochemical and molecular characteristics of exposed Daphnia via both chronic and acute exposures. MaE at both low and high cell density enhanced egg number (15.4% and 23.3%, respectively) and reproduction (37.7% and 52.4%, respectively) in D. magna similar to 10 μg/L estradiol exposure. In addition, both MaE of low and high cell densities increased population growth rate (15.8% and 19.6%, respectively) and reproductive potential (60% and 83%, respectively) of D. magna. These exudates promoted D. magna reproduction by stimulating 17β-hydroxysteroid-dehydrogenase (17β-HSD) activity and production of ecdysone and juvenile hormone, and by enhancing vitellogenin biosynthesis via up-regulating expression of Vtg1 and Vtg2. However, increased expression (6.6 times higher than controls) of a detoxification gene (CYP360A8) indicated that MaE might also induce toxicity in D. magna. Reproductive interference of zooplankton by blooming cyanobacteria might negatively affect foodwebs because MaE-induced zooplankton population increase would enhance grazing and reduce abundance of edible algae, thereby adding to the list of known disruptive properties of cyanobacterial blooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runbing Xu
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Yao Jiang
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; Xi'an Institute for Innovative Earth Environment Research, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Hugh J MacIsaac
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
| | - Liqiang Chen
- Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Trans-boundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China.
| | - Jingjing Li
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Tao Wang
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Yuanyan Zi
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Xuexiu Chang
- School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
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34
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Zhao CS, Shao NF, Yang ST, Ren H, Ge YR, Feng P, Dong BE, Zhao Y. Predicting cyanobacteria bloom occurrence in lakes and reservoirs before blooms occur. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 670:837-848. [PMID: 30921717 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
With increased global warming, cyanobacteria are blooming more frequently in lakes and reservoirs, severely damaging the health and stability of aquatic ecosystems and threatening drinking water safety and human health. There is an urgent demand for the effective prediction and prevention of cyanobacterial blooms. However, it is difficult to effectively reduce the risks and loss caused by cyanobacterial blooms because most methods are unable to successfully predict cyanobacteria blooms. Therefore, in this study, we proposed a new cyanobacterial bloom occurrence prediction method to analyze the probability and driving factors of the blooms for effective prevention and control. Dominant cyanobacterial species with bloom capabilities were initially determined using a dominant species identification model, and the principal driving factors of the dominant species were then analyzed using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Cyanobacterial bloom probability was calculated using a newly-developed model, after which, the probable mutation points were identified and thresholds for the principal driving factors of cyanobacterial blooms were predicted. A total of 141 phytoplankton data sets from 90 stations were collected from six large-scale hydrology, water-quality ecology, integrated field surveys in Jinan City, China in 2014-2015 and used for model application and verification. The results showed that there were six dominant cyanobacterial species in the study area, and that the principal driving factors were water temperature, pH, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, chemical oxygen demand, and dissolved oxygen. The cyanobacterial blooms corresponded to a threshold water temperature range, pH, total phosphorus (TP), ammonium nitrogen level, chemical oxygen demand, and dissolved oxygen levels of 19.5-32.5 °C, 7.0-9.38, 0.13-0.22 mg L-1, 0.38-0.63 mg L-1, 10.5-17.5 mg L-1, and 4.97-8.28 mg L-1, respectively. Comparison with research results from other global regions further supported the use of these thresholds, indicating that this method could be used in habitats beyond China. We found that the probability of cyanobacterial bloom was 0.75, a critical point for prevention and control. When this critical point was exceeded, cyanobacteria could proliferate rapidly, increasing the risk of cyanobacterial blooms. Changes in driving factors need to be rapidly controlled, based on these thresholds, to prevent cyanobacterial blooms. Temporal and spatial scales were critical factors potentially affecting the selection of driving factors. This method is versatile and can help determine the risk of cyanobacterial blooms and the thresholds of the principal driving factors. It can effectively predict and help prevent cyanobacterial blooms to reduce the global probability of occurrence, protect the health and stability of water ecosystems, ensure drinking water safety, and protect human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Zhao
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, Beijing 100875, PR China; ICube, UdS, CNRS (UMR 7357), 300 Bld Sebastien Brant, CS 10413, 67412 Illkirch, France
| | - N F Shao
- School of Geography, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, PR China.
| | - S T Yang
- College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, Beijing 100875, PR China; Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550001, PR China.
| | - H Ren
- Administration of Yanma Reservoir, Zaozhuang 277200, PR China
| | - Y R Ge
- Jinan Survey Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources, Jinan 250013, PR China
| | - P Feng
- Jinan Survey Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources, Jinan 250013, PR China
| | - B E Dong
- Dongying Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources, Dongying 257000, PR China
| | - Y Zhao
- Jinan Survey Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources, Jinan 250013, PR China
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Fernandes K, Gomes A, Calado L, Yasui G, Assis D, Henry T, Fonseca A, Pinto E. Toxicity of Cyanopeptides from Two Microcystis Strains on Larval Development of Astyanax altiparanae. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:E220. [PMID: 31013880 PMCID: PMC6520764 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11040220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Absorption and accumulation of bioavailable cyanobacterial metabolites (including cyanotoxins) are likely in fish after senescence and the rupturing of cells during bloom episodes. We determined the toxicity of cyanopeptides identified from two strains of Microcystis (M. panniformis MIRS-04 and M. aeruginosa NPDC-01) in a freshwater tropical fish, Astyanax altiparanae (yellowtail tetra, lambari). Aqueous extracts of both Microcystis strains were prepared in order to simulate realistic fish exposure to these substances in a freshwater environment. Both strains were selected because previous assays evidenced the presence of microcystins (MCs) in MIRS-04 and lack of cyanotoxins in NPDC-01. Identification of cyanobacterial secondary metabolites was performed by LC-HR-QTOF-MS and quantification of the MC-LR was carried out by LC-QqQ-MS/MS. MIRS-04 produces the MCs MC-LR, MC-LY and MC-HilR as well as micropeptins B, 973, 959 and k139. NPCD-01 biosynthetizes microginins FR1, FR2/FR4 and SD-755, but does not produce MCs. Larval fish survival and changes in morphology were assessed for 96 h exposure to aqueous extracts of both strains at environmentally relevant concentrations from 0.1 to 0.5 mg (dry weight)/mL, corresponding to 0.15 to 0.74 μg/mL of MC-LR (considering dried amounts of MIRS-04 for comparison). Fish mortality increased with concentration and time of exposure for both strains of Microcystis. The frequencies of morphological abnormalities increased with concentration in both strains, and included abdominal and pericardial oedema, and spinal curvature. Results demonstrate that toxicity was not solely caused by MCs, other classes of cyanobacterial secondary metabolites contributed to the observed toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Fernandes
- Natural Resources Institute, Federal University of Itajubá, 1303 BPS Avenue, Itajubá, MG 37500-903, Brazil.
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 580 Professor Lineu Prestes Avenue, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Andreia Gomes
- Natural Resources Institute, Federal University of Itajubá, 1303 BPS Avenue, Itajubá, MG 37500-903, Brazil.
- Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Rio de Janeiro, Washington Luis Highway, Niteroi, RJ 24310-000, Brazil.
| | - Leonardo Calado
- National Center for Research and Conservation of Continentals' Fish-CEPTA, SP-201 (Pref. Euberto Nemésio Pereira de Godoy-Motorway), Km 6.5, Pirassununga, SP 13630-970, Brazil.
- Faculty of Technology, State University of Campinas, 1888 Paschoal Marmo Street, Limeira, SP 13484-332, Brazil.
| | - George Yasui
- National Center for Research and Conservation of Continentals' Fish-CEPTA, SP-201 (Pref. Euberto Nemésio Pereira de Godoy-Motorway), Km 6.5, Pirassununga, SP 13630-970, Brazil.
| | - Diego Assis
- Bruker Daltonics Corporation, Condomínio BBP-Barão de Mauá, Atibaia, SP 12954-260, Brazil.
| | - Theodore Henry
- Institute of Life and Earth Sciences (ILES), Center for Marine Biodiversity & Biotechnology (CMBB), The School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society (EGIS), Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK.
| | - Ana Fonseca
- Natural Resources Institute, Federal University of Itajubá, 1303 BPS Avenue, Itajubá, MG 37500-903, Brazil.
| | - Ernani Pinto
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, 580 Professor Lineu Prestes Avenue, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.
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36
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Dickey JW, Cuthbert RN, Rea M, Laverty C, Crane K, South J, Briski E, Chang X, Coughlan NE, MacIsaac HJ, Ricciardi A, Riddell GE, Xu M, Dick JT. Assessing the relative potential ecological impacts and invasion risks of emerging and future invasive alien species. NEOBIOTA 2018. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.39.28519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Invasive alien species (IAS) cause myriad negative impacts, such as ecosystem disruption, human, animal and plant health issues, economic damage and species extinctions. There are many sources of emerging and future IAS, such as the poorly regulated international pet trade. However, we lack methodologies to predict the likely ecological impacts and invasion risks of such IAS which have little or no informative invasion history. This study develops the Relative Impact Potential (RIP) metric, a new measure of ecological impact that incorporates per capita functional responses (FRs) and proxies for numerical responses (NRs) associated with emerging invaders. Further, as propagule pressure is a determinant of invasion risk, we combine the new measure of Pet Propagule Pressure (PPP) with RIP to arrive at a second novel metric, Relative Invasion Risk (RIR). We present methods to calculate these metrics and to display the outputs on intuitive bi- and triplots. We apply RIP/RIR to assess the potential ecological impacts and invasion risks of four commonly traded pet turtles that represent emerging IAS: Trachemysscriptascripta, the yellow-bellied slider; T.s.troostii, the Cumberland slider; Sternotherusodoratus, the common musk turtle; and Kinosternonsubrubrum, the Eastern mud turtle. The high maximum feeding rate and high attack rate of T.s.scripta, combined with its numerical response proxies of lifespan and fecundity, gave it the highest impact potential. It was also the second most readily available according to our UK surveys, indicating a high invasion risk. Despite having the lowest maximum feeding rate and attack rate, S.odoratus has a high invasion risk due to high availability and we highlight this species as requiring monitoring. The RIP/RIR metrics offer two universally applicable methods to assess potential impacts and risks associated with emerging and future invaders in the pet trade and other sources of future IAS. These metrics highlight T.s.scripta as having high impact and invasion risk, corroborating its position on the EU list of 49 IAS of Union Concern. This suggests our methodology and metrics have great potential to direct future IAS policy decisions and management. This, however, relies on collation and generation of new data on alien species functional responses, numerical responses and their proxies, and imaginative measures of propagule pressure.
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37
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Dickey JW, Cuthbert RN, Rea M, Laverty C, Crane K, South J, Briski E, Chang X, Coughlan NE, MacIsaac HJ, Ricciardi A, Riddell GE, Xu M, Dick JT. Assessing the relative potential ecological impacts and invasion risks of emerging and future invasive alien species. NEOBIOTA 2018. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.40.28519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Invasive alien species (IAS) cause myriad negative impacts, such as ecosystem disruption, human, animal and plant health issues, economic damage and species extinctions. There are many sources of emerging and future IAS, such as the poorly regulated international pet trade. However, we lack methodologies to predict the likely ecological impacts and invasion risks of such IAS which have little or no informative invasion history. This study develops the Relative Impact Potential (RIP) metric, a new measure of ecological impact that incorporates per capita functional responses (FRs) and proxies for numerical responses (NRs) associated with emerging invaders. Further, as propagule pressure is a determinant of invasion risk, we combine the new measure of Pet Propagule Pressure (PPP) with RIP to arrive at a second novel metric, Relative Invasion Risk (RIR). We present methods to calculate these metrics and to display the outputs on intuitive bi- and triplots. We apply RIP/RIR to assess the potential ecological impacts and invasion risks of four commonly traded pet turtles that represent emerging IAS: Trachemysscriptascripta, the yellow-bellied slider; T.s.troostii, the Cumberland slider; Sternotherusodoratus, the common musk turtle; and Kinosternonsubrubrum, the Eastern mud turtle. The high maximum feeding rate and high attack rate of T.s.scripta, combined with its numerical response proxies of lifespan and fecundity, gave it the highest impact potential. It was also the second most readily available according to our UK surveys, indicating a high invasion risk. Despite having the lowest maximum feeding rate and attack rate, S.odoratus has a high invasion risk due to high availability and we highlight this species as requiring monitoring. The RIP/RIR metrics offer two universally applicable methods to assess potential impacts and risks associated with emerging and future invaders in the pet trade and other sources of future IAS. These metrics highlight T.s.scripta as having high impact and invasion risk, corroborating its position on the EU list of 49 IAS of Union Concern. This suggests our methodology and metrics have great potential to direct future IAS policy decisions and management. This, however, relies on collation and generation of new data on alien species functional responses, numerical responses and their proxies, and imaginative measures of propagule pressure.
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38
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Fan G, Zhou J, Zheng X, Chen W. Growth Inhibition of Microcystis aeruginosa by Copper-based MOFs: Performance and Physiological Effect on Algal Cells. Appl Organomet Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.4600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gongduan Fan
- College of Civil Engineering; Fuzhou University; 350116 Fujian China
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering; University of Arizona; 1133 E James E Rogers Way, Harshbarger 108 Tucson AZ 85721-0011 USA
| | - Jinjin Zhou
- College of Civil Engineering; Fuzhou University; 350116 Fujian China
| | - Xiaomei Zheng
- College of Civil Engineering; Fuzhou University; 350116 Fujian China
| | - Wei Chen
- College of Civil Engineering; Fuzhou University; 350116 Fujian China
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Chen L, Wang Y, Giesy JP, Chen F, Shi T, Chen J, Xie P. Microcystin-LR affects the hypothalamic-pituitary-inter-renal (HPI) axis in early life stages (embryos and larvae) of zebrafish. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 241:540-548. [PMID: 29883955 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Frequencies and durations of blooms of cyanobacteria are increasing. Some cyanobacteria can produce cyanotoxins including microcystins (MCs). MCs are the most common toxic products of hazardous algal blooms (HABs), with the greatest potential for exposure and to cause toxicity. Recently, MCs have been shown to disrupt endocrine functions. In this study, for the first time, effects of MC-LR on the hypothalamic-pituitary-inter-renal (HPI) axis during early embryonic development (embryos/larvae) of zebrafish (Danio rerio), were investigated. Embryos/larvae of zebrafish were exposed to 1, 10, 100, or 300 μg MC-LR/L during the period of 4-168 h post-fertilization (hpf). Exposure to 300 μg MC-LR/L resulted in significantly greater concentrations of whole-body cortisol than those in controls. Expressions of genes along the HPI axis and mineralocorticoid receptor (MR-) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR-) centered gene networks were evaluated by use of quantitative real-time PCR. Expression of mRNA for crh was significantly down-regulated by exposure to 300 μg MC-LR/L, while expressions of crhbp, crhr1, and crhr2 were significantly up-regulated, relative to controls. MC-LR caused significantly lesser levels of mRNA for steroidogenic genes including hmgra, star, and cyp17, but expression of mRNA for hsd20b was significantly greater than that of controls. Treatment with MC-LR also altered profiles of transcription of MR- and GR-centered gene networks, which might result in multiple responses. Taken together, these results demonstrated that MC-LR affected the corticosteroid-endocrine system of larvae of zebrafish. This study provided valuable insights into molecular mechanisms behind potential toxicity and endocrine disruption of MCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yeke Wang
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - John P Giesy
- Department of Veterinary Biomedical Sciences and Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N5B3, Canada
| | - Feng Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ting Shi
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China; State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, China.
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40
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Ruocco N, Mutalipassi M, Pollio A, Costantini S, Costantini M, Zupo V. First evidence of Halomicronema metazoicum (Cyanobacteria) free-living on Posidonia oceanica leaves. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204954. [PMID: 30273387 PMCID: PMC6166977 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria contribute to the ecology of various marine environments, also for their symbioses, since some of them are common hosts of sponges and ascidians. They are also emerging as an important source of novel bioactive secondary metabolites in pharmacological (as anticancer drugs) and biotechnological applications. In the present work we isolated a cyanobacteria in a free-living state from leaves of the seagrass Posidonia oceanica leaves. This newly collected strain was then cultivated under two laboratory conditions, and then characterized by combining morphological observation and molecular studies based on 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis. The strain showed 99% pairwise sequence identity with Halomicronema metazoicum ITAC101, never isolated before as a free-living organisms, but firstly described as an endosymbiont of the Mediterranean marine spongae Petrosia ficiformis, under the form of a filamentous strain. Further studies will investigate the actual role of this cyanobacterium in the leaf stratum of P. oceanica leaves, given its demonstrated ability to influence the vitality and the life cycle of other organisms. In fact, its newly demonstrated free-living stage, described in this study, indicate that Phormidium-like cyanobacteria could play important roles in the ecology of benthic and planktonic communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Ruocco
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Napoli, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia, Napoli, Italy
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry-CNR, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Mirko Mutalipassi
- Center of Villa Dohrn Ischia-Benthic Ecology, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, P.ta S. Pietro, Ischia, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonino Pollio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia, Napoli, Italy
| | - Susan Costantini
- Istituto Nazionale Tumori—IRCCS—Fondazione G. Pascale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Maria Costantini
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, Napoli, Italy
- * E-mail: (VZ); (MC)
| | - Valerio Zupo
- Center of Villa Dohrn Ischia-Benthic Ecology, Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, P.ta S. Pietro, Ischia, Naples, Italy
- * E-mail: (VZ); (MC)
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