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Gostyukhina OL, Gavruseva TV, Tkachuk AA, Chelebieva ES, Podolskaya MS, Borovkov AB, Bogacheva EA, Lavrichenko DS, Kladchenko ES, Yu AA. How water acidification influences the organism antioxidant capacity and gill structure of Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis, Lamarck, 1819) at normoxia and hypoxia. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2024; 296:111682. [PMID: 38908680 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.111682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
The effect of water acidification in combination with normoxia or hypoxia on the antioxidant capacity and oxidative stress markers in gills and hemolymph of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis), as well as on gill microstructure, has been evaluated through an in vivo experiment. Mussels were exposed to a low pH (7.3) under normal dissolved oxygen (DO) conditions (8 mg/L), and hypoxia (2 mg/L) for 8 days, and samples were collected on days 1, 3, 6, and 8 to evaluate dynamic changes of physiological responses. Cytoplasmic concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and levels of DNA damage were measured in hemocytes, while the activity of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and histopathological changes were assessed in gills. The results revealed that while water acidification did not significantly affect the activity of SOD and CAT in gills under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, there was a trend towards suppression of CAT activity at the end of the experimental period (day 8). Similarly, we did not observe increased formation of ROS in hemocytes or changes in the levels of DNA damage during the experimental period. These results strongly suggest that the oxidative stress response system in mussels is relatively stable to experimental conditions of acidification and hypoxia. Experimental acidification under normoxia and hypoxia caused changes to the structure of the gills, leading to various histopathological alterations, including dilation, hemocyte infiltration into the hemal sinuses, intercellular edema, vacuolization of epithelial cells in gill filaments, lipofuscin accumulation, changes in the shape and adjacent gill filaments, hyperplasia, exfoliation of the epithelial layer, necrosis, swelling, and destruction of chitinous layers (chitinous rods). Most of these alterations were reversible, non-specific changes that represent a general inflammatory response and changes in the morphology of the gill filaments. The dynamics of histopathological alterations suggests an active adaptive response of gills to environmental stresses. Taken together, our data indicate that Mediterranean mussels have a relative tolerance to water acidification and hypoxia at tissue and cellular levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- O L Gostyukhina
- Laboratory of Ecological Immunology of Aquatic Organisms, A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nakhimov Ave, 2, Sevastopol 299000, Russia
| | - T V Gavruseva
- Laboratory of Aquatic Ecotoxicology, A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nakhimov Ave, 2, Sevastopol 299000, Russia
| | - A A Tkachuk
- Laboratory of Ecological Immunology of Aquatic Organisms, A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nakhimov Ave, 2, Sevastopol 299000, Russia
| | - E S Chelebieva
- Laboratory of Ecological Immunology of Aquatic Organisms, A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nakhimov Ave, 2, Sevastopol 299000, Russia
| | - M S Podolskaya
- Laboratory of Ecological Immunology of Aquatic Organisms, A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nakhimov Ave, 2, Sevastopol 299000, Russia
| | - A B Borovkov
- Department of Biotechnology and Phytoresources, A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nakhimov Ave, 2, Sevastopol 299000, Russia
| | - E A Bogacheva
- Laboratory of Ecological Immunology of Aquatic Organisms, A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nakhimov Ave, 2, Sevastopol 299000, Russia
| | - D S Lavrichenko
- Laboratory of Ecological Immunology of Aquatic Organisms, A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nakhimov Ave, 2, Sevastopol 299000, Russia
| | - E S Kladchenko
- Laboratory of Ecological Immunology of Aquatic Organisms, A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nakhimov Ave, 2, Sevastopol 299000, Russia.
| | - Andreyeva A Yu
- Laboratory of Ecological Immunology of Aquatic Organisms, A.O. Kovalevsky Institute of Biology of the Southern Seas of RAS, Nakhimov Ave, 2, Sevastopol 299000, Russia
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Wang C, Du M, Jiang Z, Cong R, Wang W, Zhang T, Chen J, Zhang G, Li L. MAPK/ERK-PK(Ser11) pathway regulates divergent thermal metabolism of two congeneric oyster species. iScience 2024; 27:110321. [PMID: 39055946 PMCID: PMC11269933 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate kinase (PK), as a key rate-limiting enzyme in glycolysis, has been widely used to assess the stress tolerance and sensitivity of organisms. However, its phosphorylation regulatory mechanisms mainly focused on human cancer research, with no reports in marine organisms. In this study, we firstly reported a conserved PK Ser11 phosphorylation site in mollusks, which enhanced enzyme activity by promoting substrate binding, thereby regulating divergent thermal metabolism of two allopatric congeneric oyster species with differential habitat temperature. It was phosphorylated by ERK kinase, and regulated by the classical MAPK pathway. The MAPK/ERK-PK signaling cascade responded to increased environmental temperature and exhibited stronger activation pattern in the relatively thermotolerant species (Crassostrea angulata), indicating its involvement in shaping temperature adaptation. These findings highlight the presence of complex and unique phosphorylation-mediated signaling transduction mechanisms in marine organisms, and provide new insights into the evolution and function of the crosstalk between classical pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaogang Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Mingyang Du
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuxiang Jiang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rihao Cong
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Oyster Seed Industry, Qingdao, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Oyster Seed Industry, Qingdao, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
| | - Taiping Zhang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jincheng Chen
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guofan Zhang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Shandong Technology Innovation Center of Oyster Seed Industry, Qingdao, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
| | - Li Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Breeding Biotechnology and Sustainable Aquaculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, China
- National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Ecological Mariculture, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang, China
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Zhang J, Wang N, Zhang Z, Gao Y, Dong J, Gao X, Yuan H, Li X. Combined effects of toxic Microcystis aeruginosa and high pH on antioxidant responses, immune responses, and apoptosis of the edible freshwater bivalve Corbicula fluminea. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 280:116568. [PMID: 38850693 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Due to increasing anthropogenic perturbation and water eutrophication, cyanobacterial blooms (CYBs) have become a global ecological and environmental problem. Toxic CYBs and elevated pH are considered to be the two key stressors associated with eutrophication in natural waters, particularly in the event of CO2 depletion induced by dense blooms. However, previous research has been focused on investigating the impacts of toxic CYBs or pH changes in isolation, whereas the interactive effects of such stressors on edible bivalves that inhabit CYB waters still lack information. In this study, the combined effects of toxic Microcystis aeruginosa and pH shifts on the antioxidant responses, immune responses, and apoptosis of the edible freshwater bivalve Corbicula fluminea were explored. The results showed that the activity of antioxidant enzymes was significantly impacted by the interactive effects between toxic M. aeruginosa exposure and time course, yet pH shifts showed no significant effects on the activities of these antioxidant enzymes, implying that the antioxidant response in C. fluminea was mainly triggered by toxic M. aeruginosa exposure. Toxic M. aeruginosa also induced an increased production of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde in treated clams, particularly under high pH settings. The elevated lysosomal enzyme activity helped C. fluminea defend against toxic M. aeruginosa exposure under high pH conditions. The principal component analysis (PCA) and the integrated biomarker response (IBR) results suggested that the treated clams were subjected to the elevated toxicity of toxic M. aeruginosa in conditions of high pH. The heat shock proteins-related genes might be triggered to resist the oxidative damage in treated clams. Moreover, the upregulation of TNF and casp8 genes indicated the potential activation of the caspase8-mediated apoptotic pathway through TNF receptor interaction, potentially resulting in apoptosis. The TUNEL assay results further confirmed that apoptosis appeared in treated clams. These findings improve our understanding of the combined toxicological effects of harmful algae and pH shifts on bivalves, which will provide insights into a comprehensive ecological risk assessment of toxic CYBs to edible bivalve species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxiao Zhang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; Observation and Research Station on Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, Nanyang 473000, China.
| | - Ning Wang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Zehao Zhang
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yunni Gao
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xiaofei Gao
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Huatao Yuan
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China; Observation and Research Station on Water Ecosystem in Danjiangkou Reservoir of Henan Province, Nanyang 473000, China.
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Romero-Freire A, De Marchi L, Freitas R, Velo A, Babarro JMF, Cobelo-García A. Ocean acidification impact on the uptake of trace elements by mussels and their biochemical effects. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2024; 269:106882. [PMID: 38442506 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2024.106882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
This study delves into the intricate interplay between ocean acidification (OA), metal bioaccumulation, and cellular responses using mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) as bioindicators. For this purpose, environmentally realistic concentrations of isotopically labelled metals (Cd, Cu, Ag, Ce) were added to investigate whether the OA increase would modify metal bioaccumulation and induce adverse effects at the cellular level. The study reveals that while certain elements like Cd and Ag might remain unaffected by OA, the bioavailability of Cu and Ce could potentially escalate, leading to amplified accumulation in marine organisms. The present findings highlight a significant rise in Ce concentrations within different mussel organs under elevated pCO2 conditions, accompanied by an increased isotopic fractionation of Ce (140/142Ce), suggesting a heightened potential for metal accumulation under OA. The results suggested that OA influenced metal accumulation in the gills of mussels. Conversely, metal accumulation in the digestive gland was unaffected by OA. The exposure to both trace metals and OA affects the biochemical responses of M. galloprovincialis, leading to increased metabolic capacity, changes in energy reserves, and alterations in oxidative stress markers, but the specific effects on other biomarkers (e.g., lipid peroxidation, some enzymatic responses or acetylcholinesterase activity) were not uniform, suggesting complex interactions between the stressors and the biochemical pathways in the mussels.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Romero-Freire
- Department of Soil Science and Agriculture Chemistry, University of Granada (UGR), Granada, Spain; Institute of Marine Research - Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
| | - L De Marchi
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Veterinary, University of Pisa, Via Derna 1 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - R Freitas
- Department of Biology & Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - A Velo
- Institute of Marine Research - Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - J M F Babarro
- Institute of Marine Research - Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Galicia, Spain
| | - A Cobelo-García
- Institute of Marine Research - Spanish National Research Council (IIM-CSIC), Vigo, Galicia, Spain.
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5
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Cuccaro A, Freitas R, De Marchi L, Monni G, Meucci V, Oliva M, Fumagalli G, Pretti C. Multi-biomarker approach for the (eco)toxicity of UV-filter environmental pollution on the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in a multiple stressor context. The case of 4-MBC under salinity shifts. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 336:122490. [PMID: 37660774 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Marine-coastal ecosystems are rapidly transforming because of climate change (CC). At the same time, the impacts of emerging organic contaminants (i.e., organic UV-filters) on these ecosystems are intensifying. In the Mediterranean, the consequences of these disturbances are occurring at a fast pace making this area a potential sentinel site to be investigated. While singular effects of organic UV-filters or CC-related factors on marine biota have been relatively described, their combined impact is still largely unknown. Thus, the objective of this study was to assess the long-term responses of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis towards anticipated salinity changes (decreases-S20 or increases-S40) when exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of the UV-filter 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC). An integrated multi-biomarker approach was applied, featuring general and oxidative stress, antioxidant and biotransformation enzyme capacity, energy metabolism, genotoxicity, and neurotoxicity biomarkers. Results showed that both projected salinities, considered separately, exerted non-negligible impacts on mussels' health status, with greater biological impairments found at S 40. Combining both stressors resulted in an evident increase in mussels' susceptibility to the UV-filter, which exacerbated the toxicity of 4-MBC. The dominant influence of salinity in the climate change-contaminant interaction played a crucial role in this outcome. The most severe scenario occurred when S 20 was combined with 4-MBC. In this situation, mussels exhibited a decrease in filtration rate, metabolic capacity and deployment of energy reserves increased, with an upregulation of biotransformation and inhibition of antioxidant enzyme activities. This exposure also led to the observation of cellular and DNA damage, as well as an increase in AChE activity. Furthermore, salinity-dependent bioaccumulation patterns were evaluated revealing that the lowest values in contaminated mussels are found at S 20. Overall, the present findings provide evidence that projected CC/pollutant scenarios may represent high risks for mussels' populations, with global relevant implications for the ecosystem level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Cuccaro
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal; Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56122, San Piero a Grado (PI), Italy
| | - Rosa Freitas
- Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies (CESAM) & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Lucia De Marchi
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56122, San Piero a Grado (PI), Italy
| | - Gianfranca Monni
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56122, San Piero a Grado (PI), Italy
| | - Valentina Meucci
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56122, San Piero a Grado (PI), Italy
| | - Matteo Oliva
- Interuniversity Consortium of Marine Biology and Applied Ecology "G. Bacci", 57128, Livorno, Italy
| | - Giorgia Fumagalli
- Interuniversity Consortium of Marine Biology and Applied Ecology "G. Bacci", 57128, Livorno, Italy
| | - Carlo Pretti
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Pisa, 56122, San Piero a Grado (PI), Italy; Interuniversity Consortium of Marine Biology and Applied Ecology "G. Bacci", 57128, Livorno, Italy.
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Yu X, Liu J, Qiu T, Cao L, Dou S. Ocean acidification induces tissue-specific interactions with copper toxicity on antioxidant defences in viscera and gills of Asiatic hard clam Meretrix petechialis (Lamarck, 1818). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 875:162634. [PMID: 36894092 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Toxicity of contaminants in organisms under ocean acidification (OA) has attracted increasing attention in ecotoxicological studies. This study investigated how pCO2-driven OA affected waterborne copper (Cu) toxicity in antioxidant defences in viscera and gills of Asiatic hard clam Meretrix petechialis (Lamarck, 1818). Clams were continuously exposed to Cu at ambient relevant (0/no metal exposure, 10 and 50 μg L-1) and polluted-high (100 μg L-1) concentrations in unacidified (pH 8.10) and acidified (pH 7.70/moderate OA and 7.30/extreme OA) seawater for 21 days. Following coexposure, metal bioaccumulation and responses of antioxidant defence-related biomarkers to OA and Cu coexposure were investigated. Results showed that metal bioaccumulation was positively correlated with waterborne metal concentrations but was not notably influenced by OA conditions. Both Cu and OA affected the antioxidant responses to environmental stress. Additionally, OA induced tissue-specific interactions with Cu on antioxidant defences, varying with exposure conditions. In unacidified seawater, antioxidant biomarkers were activated to defend against oxidative stress induced by Cu and prevented clams from lipid peroxidation (LPO or MDA), but failed to defend against DNA damage (8-OHdG). OA exacerbated Cu toxicity in antioxidant defences and increased LPO levels in tissues. Gills and viscera adopted adaptive antioxidant defence strategies to manage oxidative stress, with the former being more vulnerable to oxidative stress than the latter. MDA and 8-OHdG were sensitive to OA and Cu exposure, respectively, and were useful bioindicators for assessing oxidative stress. Integrated biomarker response (IBR) and PCA can reflect the integrative responses of antioxidant biomarkers to environmental stress and illuminate the contributions of specific biomarkers to antioxidant defence strategies. The findings provided insights for understanding antioxidant defences against metal toxicity in marine bivalves under OA scenarios, which is essential into managing wild populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Jinhu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Tianlong Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Liang Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shuozeng Dou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
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7
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Jeong H, Byeon E, Kim DH, Maszczyk P, Lee JS. Heavy metals and metalloid in aquatic invertebrates: A review of single/mixed forms, combination with other pollutants, and environmental factors. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2023; 191:114959. [PMID: 37146547 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.114959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) and metalloid occur naturally and are found throughout the Earth's crust but they are discharged into aquatic environments at high concentrations by human activities, increasing heavy metal pollution. HMs can bioaccumulate in higher organisms through the food web and consequently affect humans. In an aquatic environment, various HMs mixtures can be present. Furthermore, HMs adsorb on other environmental pollutants, such as microplastics and persistent organic pollutants, causing a synergistic or antagonistic effect on aquatic organisms. Therefore, to understand the biological and physiological effects of HMs on aquatic organisms, it is important to evaluate the effects of exposure to combinations of complex HM mixtures and/or pollutants and other environmental factors. Aquatic invertebrates occupy an important niche in the aquatic food chain as the main energy link between higher and lower organisms. The distribution of heavy metals and the resulting toxic effects in aquatic invertebrates have been extensively studied, but few reports have dealt with the relationship between HMs, pollutants, and environmental factors in biological systems with regard to biological availability and toxicity. This review describes the overall properties of individual HM and their effects on aquatic invertebrates and comprehensively reviews physiological and biochemical endpoints in aquatic invertebrates depending on interactions among HMs, other pollutants, and environmental factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haksoo Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Eunjin Byeon
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Duck-Hyun Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea
| | - Piotr Maszczyk
- Department of Hydrobiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jae-Seong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, South Korea.
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8
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Zhou Y, Jin Q, Xu H, Wang Y, Li M. Chronic nanoplastic exposure induced oxidative and immune stress in medaka gonad. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 869:161838. [PMID: 36716889 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplastic (NP) pollution is a global issue because of its widespread occurrence and potential toxicity. Many studies have investigated the impacts of the short-term toxicity of NPs on organisms. Until now, only a few studies have assessed the toxicological effects of prolonged exposure to NPs at low concentrations in fish. In this study, the effects of NPs (nano-polystyrene microspheres, diameter: 100 nm) on immune and oxidative stress response, histopathology, and survival in medaka were evaluated. The effects of different concentrations (0, 10, 104, and 106 particles/L) of nanoplastics were studied in medaka Oryzias latipes after 3 months of exposure. Lysozyme enzyme activity, oxidative stress-related biomarkers (i.e., superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase), and malondialdehyde levels were decreased under NP exposure. The gonadal histology showed that high NP exposure (106 particles/L) inhibited the process of spermatogenesis and oogenesis processes, implying delayed maturation of the gonad. Furthermore, the IBR and PCA analysis revealed the potential biotoxicity of NPs and the total survival rate of medaka was significantly reduced due to the long-term exposure to NPs. Overall, prolonged exposure to low concentrations of NPs is harmful to the health of medaka gonads. In the long run, this may threaten the fish reproduction and population, suggesting the need for long-term toxicological studies to predict the aquatic animal health in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinfeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Qian Jin
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Haijing Xu
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Youji Wang
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Mingyou Li
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Rice-Fish Farming, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
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9
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Zhao SQ, Ni H, Li J, Ai SH, Wang XN, Gao XY, Xu QY, Liu ZT. Ecotoxicity stress and bioaccumulation in Eisenia fetida earthworms exposed to vanadium pentoxide in soil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:54657-54665. [PMID: 36879088 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26101-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As an important commercial form of vanadium, vanadium pentoxide (V2O5) is widely used in various modern industries, and its environmental impacts and ecotoxicity have been extensively studied. In this research, the ecotoxicity of V2O5 to earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in soil was tested by exposure to V2O5 at a series of doses, and biochemical response indices, such as the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, were analysed to determine the mechanism by which antioxidant enzymes respond to V2O5 exposure. The bioaccumulation factor (BAF) of vanadium pentoxide in the earthworms and soil was also measured to explore the bioaccumulation process of V2O5 in the test period. The results showed that the acute and subchronic lethal toxicity values of V2O5 towards E. fetida were 21.96 mg/kg (LC50, 14 days) and 6.28 mg/kg (LC10, 28 days), respectively. For the antioxidant enzymes, SOD and CAT were synchronously induced or inhibited within the time period, and the enzyme activity had a dose-effect relationship with the V2O5 concentration. MDA analysis indicated that lipid peroxidation in earthworms mainly occurred at the early stage and was eliminated slowly in the later stage during the test time. In addition, the BAFs were much less than 1, which indicated that V2O5 did not easily accumulate in earthworms, and the BAF was positively correlated with the exposure time and negatively linearly correlated with the V2O5 concentration in the soil. These results indicated that the bioconcentration and metabolic mechanism of V2O5 in earthworms differed with the different exposure concentrations, and bioaccumulation became balanced after 14-28 days in earthworms exposed to a relatively lower dose of V2O5. The analysis of the integrated biomarker response (IBR) index indicated that the trends of IBR values were positively related to the changing V2O5 concentration, and the IBR index could reflect the organism's sensitivity to the external stimulus of V2O5. The toxicity of V2O5 is mainly caused by V5+, which is also an important factor in formulating guidelines regarding vanadium levels in soil, and the test earthworm species (Eisenia fetida) is a sensitive biological indicator for risk assessments of vanadium oxidation in the soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qing Zhao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, 100012, China
- The College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330021, China
| | - Hong Ni
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Ji Li
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Shun-Hao Ai
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, 100012, China
- The College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330021, China
| | - Xiao-Nan Wang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Xiang-Yun Gao
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Qian-Yun Xu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, 100012, China
- The College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330021, China
| | - Zheng-Tao Liu
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science, Beijing, 100012, China.
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10
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Li Z, Jiang L, Xu T, Bao X, Wang W, Feng Y, Yang J, Ma J. Preliminary Exploration of Metabolic Mechanisms in Copper-Exposed Sepia esculenta Based on Transcriptome Analysis. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040471. [PMID: 37110131 PMCID: PMC10141105 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
As a common and high-concentration heavy metal in the ocean, Cu can induce metal toxicity and significantly affect the metabolic function of marine organisms. Sepia esculenta is an important economic cephalopod found along the east coast of China, the growth, movement, and reproduction of which are all affected by heavy metals. Hitherto, the specific metabolic mechanism of heavy-metal exposure in S. esculenta is still unclear. In this study, we identified 1131 DEGs through transcriptome analysis of larval S. esculenta within 24 h of Cu exposure. GO and KEGG functional enrichment analysis results indicated that Cu exposure may affect purine metabolism, protein digestion and absorption, cholesterol metabolism, and other metabolic processes in S. esculenta larvae. It is worth noting that in this study we explore metabolic mechanism of Cu-exposed S. esculenta larvae through the comprehensive analysis of protein–protein interaction network and KEGG enrichment analysis for the first time and find 20 identified key and hub genes such as CYP7A1, CYP3A11, and ABCA1. Based on their expression, we preliminarily speculate that Cu exposure may inhibit multiple metabolic processes and induce metabolic disorders. Our results lay a foundation for further understanding the metabolic mechanism of S. esculenta against heavy metals and provide theoretical help for S. esculenta artificial breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zan Li
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Lisheng Jiang
- Yantai Laishan District Fisheries and Marine Service Station, Yantai 264003, China
- Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute, Yantai 265503, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Shandong Fishery Development and Resource Conservation Center, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Xiaokai Bao
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Yanwei Feng
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (J.M.)
| | - Jingjun Ma
- Yantai Laishan District Fisheries and Marine Service Station, Yantai 264003, China
- Correspondence: (J.Y.); (J.M.)
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11
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Chen Y, Wang X, Sui Q, Chang G, Sun X, Zhu L, Chen B, Qu K, Xia B. Charge-dependent negative effects of polystyrene nanoplastics on Oryzias melastigma under ocean acidification conditions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 865:161248. [PMID: 36587669 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.161248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Marine nanoplastics (NPs) have attracted increasing global attentions because of their detrimental effects on marine environments. A co-existing major environmental concern is ocean acidification (OA). However, the effects of differentially charged NPs on marine organisms under OA conditions are poorly understood. We therefore investigated the effects of OA on the embryotoxicity of both positively and negatively charged polystyrene (PS) NPs to marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma). Positively charged PS-NH2 exhibited slighter aggregation under normal conditions and more aggregation under OA conditions than negatively charged PS-COOH. According to the integrated biomarker approach, OA reversed the toxicity of positively and negatively charged NPs towards embryos. Importantly, at environmental relevant concentrations, both types of PS-NPs could enter the embryos through chorionic pores and then transfer to the larvae. OA reversed the internalization of PS-NH2 and PS-COOH in O. melastigma. Overall, the reversed toxicity of PS-NH2 and PS-COOH associated with OA could be caused by the reversed bioavailability of NPs to O. melastigma, which was attributed to altered aggregation of the NPs in acidified seawater. This finding demonstrates the charge-dependent toxicity of NPs to marine fish and provides new insights into the potential hazard of NPs to marine environments under OA conditions that could be encountered in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Chen
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China; Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xia Wang
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Qi Sui
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Guozhu Chang
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xuemei Sun
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Bijuan Chen
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Keming Qu
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Bin Xia
- Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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12
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Pillet M, Dabrowski M, Marengo M, Fullgrabe L, Leduc M, Fontaine Q, Le Floch S, Huet V, Churlaud C, Lejeune P, Thomas H. Preliminary inter-port study of the quality of environments using physiological responses of invertebrates exposed to chronic trace element and organic contamination in Corsica (Mediterranean Sea). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:243-260. [PMID: 36797445 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02635-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Port areas are socio-ecosystems impacted by chronic mixture pollution. Some marine species benefit from living there and may be studied to define the ecological state of such environments. In this study, the risks of chronic chemical contamination and its consequences on three marine molluscs were evaluated in North Corsica (France) port areas. Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis, tubular sea cucumber Holothuria tubulosa and Mediterranean limpet Patella sp. were sampled in three port areas and a reference location. A set of biomarkers was analysed to evaluate oxidative stress, detoxification, energetic metabolism, neurotoxicity, immunity and bioaccumulation (metallic trace elements and organic pollutants). The objectives were to assess pollution-induced effects in organisms, to determine the best bioindicator species for the selected locations and to validate a "pool" sampling technique (when the analysis is done on a single pool of samples and not on individual samples). The results validate the sampling techniques as "pool" for management purposes. St-Florent was demonstrated as the most contaminated location. All the other locations present a low contamination, below the recommended threshold values (for metallic trace elements and organic pollutants). Finally, the limpet appears to be the best bioindicator for the selected locations. Mussel and sea cucumber are inappropriate due to their absence in this oligotrophic region and the lack of responses observed, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Pillet
- LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (UMR7266), La Rochelle Université, 02 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000, La Rochelle, France.
- STAtion de REcherches Sous-marines et Océanographiques, Punta Revellata, BP33, 20260, Calvi, France.
| | - Mathilde Dabrowski
- LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (UMR7266), La Rochelle Université, 02 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000, La Rochelle, France
| | - Michel Marengo
- STAtion de REcherches Sous-marines et Océanographiques, Punta Revellata, BP33, 20260, Calvi, France
| | - Lovina Fullgrabe
- STAtion de REcherches Sous-marines et Océanographiques, Punta Revellata, BP33, 20260, Calvi, France
| | - Michèle Leduc
- STAtion de REcherches Sous-marines et Océanographiques, Punta Revellata, BP33, 20260, Calvi, France
| | - Quentin Fontaine
- STAtion de REcherches Sous-marines et Océanographiques, Punta Revellata, BP33, 20260, Calvi, France
| | - Stéphane Le Floch
- Centre de Documentation, de Recherche et d'Expérimentations sur les Pollutions Accidentelles des Eaux, 715 rue Alain Colas, CS 41836, 29218, Brest Cedex 2, France
| | - Valérie Huet
- LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (UMR7266), La Rochelle Université, 02 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000, La Rochelle, France
| | - Carine Churlaud
- LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (UMR7266), La Rochelle Université, 02 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000, La Rochelle, France
| | - Pierre Lejeune
- STAtion de REcherches Sous-marines et Océanographiques, Punta Revellata, BP33, 20260, Calvi, France
| | - Hélène Thomas
- LIttoral ENvironnement et Sociétés (UMR7266), La Rochelle Université, 02 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000, La Rochelle, France
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13
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Nalley EM, Pirkle CM, Schmidbauer MC, Lewis CJ, Dacks RS, Thompson MD, Sudnovsky MD, Whitney JL, Donahue MJ. Trophic and spatial patterns of contaminants in fishes from the Republic of the Marshall Islands in the equatorial Pacific. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 314:137593. [PMID: 36572359 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI) has been affected by marine pollution from militarization and urbanization. To address concerns raised by the Marshall Islands Marine Resources Authority, this study examined concentrations of dissolved contaminants in reef and pelagic fishes in the RMI and assessed potential associated risks. Metals, organochlorine pesticides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were examined in reef and pelagic fishes from six atolls: Kwajalein, Majuro, Jaluit, Utirik, Rongelap, and Wotje. Clear trophic patterns emerged for metals. Total arsenic was highest in higher trophic level reef fishes, particularly in the camouflage grouper (Epinephelus polyphekadion) (>100 μg g-1 total As), but inorganic arsenic was negligible in higher trophic levels and showed an inverse trend with the highest percentages present in parrotfishes and herbivores. Copper and mercury were elevated in higher trophic level reef and pelagic fishes, respectively, and the maximum mercury concentrations (6.45 μg g-1 in Gymnosarda unicolor) were among the highest reported in the Pacific. Conversely, cadmium and lead were highest in lower trophic levels, like surgeonfishes and parrotfishes. PCBs were more clearly linked to locations and were highest at two atolls with military history (Kwajalein and Jaluit) (>U.S. EPA Screening Value of 2.5 ppb). PAHs were ubiquitous across taxa (detected in 97% of samples), but the highest concentrations were in lower trophic levels. Organochlorine pesticides were detected at very low concentrations that do not likely pose a risk. We compare concentrations to established thresholds for human health and find that - for specific locations and species - contaminant concentrations may pose a risk to fish and other marine taxa, as well as human consumers. This study provides baseline information that aids the development of marine conservation and public health recommendations and addresses a data gap that persists for marine pollution throughout the Pacific Islands.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Nalley
- University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, 46-007 Lilipuna Road, Kāne'ohe, HI, 96744, USA.
| | - C M Pirkle
- University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Office of Public Health Studies, 1960 East-West Road, BioMed Tower 102, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - M C Schmidbauer
- University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, 46-007 Lilipuna Road, Kāne'ohe, HI, 96744, USA
| | - C J Lewis
- University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, 46-007 Lilipuna Road, Kāne'ohe, HI, 96744, USA; University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, School of Life Sciences, 3190 Maile Way, St. John 101, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - R S Dacks
- University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, 46-007 Lilipuna Road, Kāne'ohe, HI, 96744, USA; University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, School of Life Sciences, 3190 Maile Way, St. John 101, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - M D Thompson
- University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Office of Public Health Studies, 1960 East-West Road, BioMed Tower 102, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - M D Sudnovsky
- University of Hawai'i Sea Grant College Program, College of the Marshall Islands, P.O. Box 1258, Majuro, 96960, Marshall Islands
| | - J L Whitney
- NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, 1845 Wasp Boulevard, Building 176, Honolulu, HI, 96818, USA
| | - M J Donahue
- University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, 46-007 Lilipuna Road, Kāne'ohe, HI, 96744, USA
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14
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Xiao Z, Cao L, Liu J, Cui W, Dou S. pCO 2-driven seawater acidification affects aqueous-phase copper toxicity in juvenile flounder Paralichthys olivaceus: Metal accumulation, antioxidant defenses and detoxification in livers. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:160040. [PMID: 36347280 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ocean acidification potentially influences the biotoxicity of metals and the antioxidant defense systems of marine organisms. This study investigated how pCO2-driven seawater acidification (SA) affected aqueous-phase copper (Cu) toxicity in the juvenile flounder Paralichthys olivaceus from the perspective of hepatic oxidative stress and damage to better understand the mechanisms underlying the biological effects produced by the two stressors. Fish were exposed to aqueous-phase Cu at relevant ambient and polluted concentrations (0, 5, 10, 50, 100 and 200 μg L-1) at different pH levels (no SA: pH 8.10; moderate SA: pH 7.70, pCO2 ∼1353.89 μatm; extreme SA: pH 7.30, pCO2 ∼3471.27 μatm) for 28 days. A battery of biomarkers in the livers was examined to investigate their roles in antioxidant defense and detoxification in response to coexposure. Hepatic Cu accumulation (30.22-184.90 mg kg-1) was positively correlated with Cu concentrations. The biomarkers responded adaptively to different redox states following SA and Cu exposure. In unacidified seawater, increases in Cu concentrations significantly induced hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO, by up to 27.03 %), although compensatory responses in antioxidant defenses and detoxification were activated. Moderate SA helped maintain hepatic redox homeostasis and alleviated LPO through different defense strategies, depending on Cu concentrations. Under extreme SA, antioxidant-based defenses were activated to cope with oxidative stress at ambient-low Cu concentrations but failed to defend against Cu toxicity at polluted Cu levels, and LPO (by up to 63.90 %) was significantly induced. Additionally, thiols (GSH and MT) responded actively to cope with Cu toxicity under SA. SOD, CAT, EROD, and GST were also sensitively involved in defending against hepatic oxidative stress during coexposure. These findings highlight the notable interactive effects of SA and Cu and provide a basis for understanding antioxidant-based defenses in marine fish confronting environmental challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitao Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Liang Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jinhu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Wenting Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Shuozeng Dou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
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15
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Qu Y, Zhang T, Zhang R, Wang X, Zhang Q, Wang Q, Dong Z, Zhao J. Integrative assessment of biomarker responses in Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to seawater acidification and copper ions. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158146. [PMID: 35987231 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The interactive effects of ocean acidification (OA) and copper (Cu) ions on the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis are not well understood. The underlying mechanisms also remain obscure. In this study, individuals of M. galloprovincialis were exposed for 28 days to 25 μg/L and 50 μg/L Cu ions at two pH levels (ambient level - pH 8.1; acidified level - pH 7.6). The mussels were then monitored for 56 days to determine their recovery ability. Physiological parameters (clearance rate and respiration rate), oxidative stress and neurotoxicity biomarkers (activities of superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidation, catalase, and acetylcholinesterase), as well as the recovery ability of these parameters, were investigated in two typical tissues (i.e., gills and digestive glands). Results showed that (1) OA affected the bioconcentration of Cu in the gills and digestive glands of the mussels; (2) both OA and Cu can lead to physiological disturbance, oxidative stress, cellular damage, energy metabolism disturbance, and neurotoxicity on M. galloprovincialis; (3) gill is more sensitive to OA and Cu than digestive gland; (4) Most of the biochemical and physiological alternations caused by Cu and OA exposures in M. galloprovincialis can be repaired by the recovery experiments; (5) integrated biomarker response (IBR) analysis demonstrated that both OA and Cu ions exposure caused survival stresses to the mussels, with the highest effect shown in the co-exposure treatment. This study highlights the necessity to include OA along with pollutants in future studies to better elucidate the risks of ecological perturbations. The work also sheds light on the recovery of marine animals after short-term environmental stresses when the natural environment has recovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qu
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264117, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Researchs, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264117, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Researchs, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Rongliang Zhang
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264117, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Researchs, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Xin Wang
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264117, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Researchs, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264117, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Researchs, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China.
| | - Qing Wang
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264117, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Researchs, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China
| | - Zhijun Dong
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264117, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Researchs, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, PR China
| | - Jianmin Zhao
- Muping Coastal Environmental Research Station, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264117, PR China; Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resources Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Researchs, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China; Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, PR China.
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16
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Bao X, Li Y, Liu X, Feng Y, Xu X, Sun G, Wang W, Li B, Li Z, Yang J. Effect of acute Cu exposure on immune response mechanisms of golden cuttlefish (Sepia esculenta). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 130:252-260. [PMID: 36122637 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sepia esculenta is a common economic cephalopod that has received extensive attention due to the tender meat, rich protein content and certain medicinal value thereof. Over the past decade, multiple industries have discharged waste into the ocean in large quantities, thereby significantly increasing the concentration of heavy metals in the ocean. Copper (Cu) is a common heavy metal in the ocean. The increase of Cu content will affect numerous biological processes such as immunity and metabolism of marine organisms. High concentrations of Cu may inhibit S. esculenta growth, development, swimming, and other processes, which would significantly affect its culture. In this research, transcriptome analysis is used to initially explore Cu-exposed S. esculenta larval immune response mechanisms. And compared to control group with normally growing larvae, 2056 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) are identified in experimental group with Cu-exposed larvae. The results of DEGs functional enrichment analyses including GO and KEGG indicate that Cu exposure might promote inflammatory and innate immune responses in cuttlefish larvae. Then, 10 key genes that might regulate larval immunity are identified using a comprehensive analysis that combines protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and KEGG functional enrichment analyses, of which three genes with the highest number of protein interactions or involve in more KEGG signaling pathways are identified as hub genes that might significantly affect larval immune response processes. Comprehensive analysis of PPI network and KEGG signaling pathway are used for the first time to explore Cu-exposed S. esculenta larval immune response mechanisms. Our results preliminarily reveal immune response mechanisms of cephalopods exposed to heavy metals and provide valuable resources for further understanding mollusk immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaokai Bao
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Xiumei Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, China
| | - Yanwei Feng
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Xiaohui Xu
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Guohua Sun
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Weijun Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Bin Li
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China; Yantai Haiyu Marine Science and Technology Co. Ltd., Yantai, 264004, China
| | - Zan Li
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
| | - Jianmin Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China.
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17
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Okeke ES, Luo M, Feng W, Zhang Y, Mao G, Chen Y, Zeng Z, Qian X, Sun L, Yang L, Wu X. Transcriptomic profiling and differential analysis revealed the neurodevelopmental toxicity mechanisms of zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae in response to tetrabromobisphenol A bis(2-hydroxyethyl) ether (TBBPA-DHEE) exposure. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2022; 259:109382. [PMID: 35640788 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2022.109382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A bis(2-hydroxyetyl) ether (TBBPA-DHEE) is among the main derivatives of Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA). Result from previous study showed that TBBPA-DHEE can cause neurotoxicity in rat. In this study, zebrafish larvae were used for evaluation of TBBPA-DHEE-induced developmental toxicity, apoptosis, oxidative stress and the potential molecular mechanisms of action. Our result showed that TBBPA-DHEE exposure caused a significant concentration-dependent developmental toxicity endpoints like death rate, malformation rate, growth rate. TBBPA-DHEE altered locomotor and enzymes activities of larvae and caused apoptosis within the brain indicating the potential TBBPA-DHEE-induced cardiac, brain impairment in the zebrafish larvae. Our transcriptomic analysis shows that 691 genes were differentially expressed (DEGs) (539 upregulated, 152 downregulated). The KEGG and GO enrichment pathway analysis shows that the DEGs were involved in development, immunity, enzyme activity. Our study provides novel evidence on the neurodevelopmental toxicity and toxicity mechanism of TBBPA-DHEE which are vital for assessment of the environmental toxicity and risk assessment of the chemical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Sunday Okeke
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China; Department of Biochemistry, FBS & Natural Science Unit, SGS, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State 410001, Nigeria
| | - Mengna Luo
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiwei Feng
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiran Zhang
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guanghua Mao
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengjia Zeng
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xian Qian
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangyang Wu
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, School of Environment and Safety, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Rd., 212013 Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.
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18
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Ruan Z, Liu Y, Chang G, Lin Z, Xue Q. Molecular characterization of two CuZn-SOD family proteins in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2022; 260:110736. [PMID: 35390491 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2022.110736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Superoxide dismutases (SOD) are multifamily antioxidant enzymes, playing an important role in the defense against oxidative stress in all organisms. Genomic information indicated the presence of genetic diversification of the copper and zinc SOD (CuZn-SOD) family in oysters. In the present research, we characterized two CuZn-SOD family proteins, Cg-CuZn-SOD and Cg-dominin3, in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas using comprehensive sequence analyses, recombinant proteins and site-directed mutagenesis, and observations of gene expression in larval and adult oysters. We found that Cg-CuZn-SOD possessed sequence and structural elements conserved in a CuZn-SOD molecule and the recombinant protein was confirmed empirically to have the SOD enzyme activity. In contrast, Cg-dominin3 lacked five of the seven residues essential for the conformation of SOD active center and the recombinant protein did not have the enzyme activity. However, recombinant Cg-dominin3 showed strong binding activities toward zinc and copper ions. Substitutions of five conserved His residues in the active center demolished the SOD activity but enhanced the metal binding capacity in Cg-CuZn-SOD. On the other hand, reinstallation of the five His residues that were assumed to be activity essential and lost in evolution did not restore the SOD enzyme activity in Cg-dominin3. Additionally, the coding genes of the two proteins exhibited different patterns of expression during larval development and in adult oyster in response to zinc challenges. These results have led to the discovery of the first cytoplasmic CuZn-SOD molecule and the confirmation of molecular diversification of extracellular CuZn-SOD homologs in oysters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Ruan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315100, China
| | - Youli Liu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315100, China; Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ninghai, Zhejiang Province 315604, China
| | - Guangqiu Chang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhihua Lin
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315100, China; Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ninghai, Zhejiang Province 315604, China
| | - Qinggang Xue
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Aquatic Germplasm Resource, College of Biological Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province 315100, China; Ninghai Institute of Mariculture Breeding and Seed Industry, Zhejiang Wanli University, Ninghai, Zhejiang Province 315604, China.
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19
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Morris JJ, Rose AL, Lu Z. Reactive oxygen species in the world ocean and their impacts on marine ecosystems. Redox Biol 2022; 52:102285. [PMID: 35364435 PMCID: PMC8972015 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are omnipresent in the ocean, originating from both biological (e.g., unbalanced metabolism or stress) and non-biological processes (e.g. photooxidation of colored dissolved organic matter). ROS can directly affect the growth of marine organisms, and can also influence marine biogeochemistry, thus indirectly impacting the availability of nutrients and food sources. Microbial communities and evolution are shaped by marine ROS, and in turn microorganisms influence steady-state ROS concentrations by acting as the predominant sink for marine ROS. Through their interactions with trace metals and organic matter, ROS can enhance microbial growth, but ROS can also attack biological macromolecules, causing extensive modifications with deleterious results. Several biogeochemically important taxa are vulnerable to very low ROS concentrations within the ranges measured in situ, including the globally distributed marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus and ammonia-oxidizing archaea of the phylum Thaumarchaeota. Finally, climate change may increase the amount of ROS in the ocean, especially in the most productive surface layers. In this review, we explore the sources of ROS and their roles in the oceans, how the dynamics of ROS might change in the future, and how this change might impact the ecology and chemistry of the future ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jeffrey Morris
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Andrew L Rose
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Zhiying Lu
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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20
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Wang X, Zhang R, Li Z, Yan B. Adsorption properties and influencing factors of Cu(II) on polystyrene and polyethylene terephthalate microplastics in seawater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 812:152573. [PMID: 34954173 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging contamination in the ocean, microplastics can act as effective vectors of pollutants, the ecological risks caused by the combined pollution of microplastics and other pollutants have attracted growing attention. In this work, Copper (Cu(II)) was chosen as the classic pollutant, polystyrene (PS) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) pellets were used as the typical marine microplastics, the adsorption performance of Cu(II) on PS and PET beads was investigated by adsorption kinetics and isotherm experiments, and other influencing conditions, such as pH, salinity, coexisting heavy metals ions and aging treatment, were evaluated. The results indicated that the adsorption behavior of Cu(II) on PS and PET was spontaneous and endothermic in the simulated seawater environment, and the batch experimental data can be effectively described by pseudo-second-order model and Freundlich isothermal model. Besides, the adsorption capacity of microplastics for Cu(II) was the best at pH 7, the change of salinity had no obvious effect on the adsorption in the natural marine environment. Moreover, co-existence of lead (Pb(II)) exhibited evident impacts on Cu(II) sorption onto PS and PET, which confirmed the adsorption competition effect between them. Additionally, high temperature aging treatment of microplastics in different environments for different duration time could obviously affect the properties of microplastics. It was found that the microplastics after being exposed to high temperature environment in the air for 168 h showed relatively stronger adsorption amount for Cu(II). In summary, these findings suggested that electrostatic interaction and distributed diffusion mechanisms may be the main mechanisms of adsorption, while no new functional groups were generated after the adsorption, indicating that physisorption may dominate the adsorption performance of PS and PET pellets for Cu(II). This study provides supplementary insights into the role of microplastics as carriers of heavy metals in the marine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingxing Wang
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Ruixin Zhang
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Zhaoying Li
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China
| | - Bo Yan
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology (TUST), Ministry of Education, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Tianjin Marine Environmental Protection and Restoration Technology Engineering Center, Tianjin 300457, PR China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Marine Resources and Chemistry, Tianjin 300457, PR China.
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21
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Cui W, Liu J, Cao L, Dou S. Toxicological effects of cadmium on the immune response and biomineralization of larval flounder Paralichthys olivaceus under seawater acidification. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132919. [PMID: 34798117 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Seawater acidification can cause threats to both calcifying and uncalcifying marine organisms, affecting their acid-base regulatory functions, immune system and biomineralization. Marine pollutants, such as cadmium (Cd) that is globally distributed in coastal ecosystems, do not affect organisms alone but commonly as combined stressors. To investigate the toxicological effects of Cd on the immune and biomineralization of marine fishes under seawater acidification, flounder Paralichthys olivaceus was exposed to seawater acidification (control (pH 8.10), 7.70 and 7.30) and Cd exposure (control (0.36 μg L-1), 0.01 and 0.15 mg L-1 Cd) for 49 days from embryonic stage until they became settled. Immune and biomineralization-related biomarkers of flounder at the end of exposure were investigated. Results showed that single seawater acidification and Cd exposure or combined exposure significantly affected the immune system-related enzyme activities. Specifically, lysozyme (LZM) activity was significantly inhibited by single seawater acidification and Cd exposure, indicating innate immunosuppression under two stressors. Contents of IgM, HSP70 and MT were induced by seawater acidification or Cd exposure, indicating a detoxification mechanism that responded to the stressors. The expressions of immune-related genes were upregulated (hsp70 and mt) or downregulated (lzm) under Cd exposure. Of the biomineralization-related enzymes, activities of carbonic anhydrase (CA), Na+/K+-ATPase and Ca2+-ATPase increased under seawater acidification and Cd exposure, a potential mechanism in response to changes of acid-base balance induced by the stressors. Generally, immune and biomineralization of the flounder responded more sensitively to Cd exposure than seawater acidification. Seawater acidification aggravated the toxicological effects of Cd exposure on the two physiological functions, while high Cd exposure augmented their responses to seawater acidification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Jinhu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Liang Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Shuozeng Dou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China.
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22
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Cao R, Zhang Y, Ju Y, Wang W, Xi C, Liu W, Liu K. Exacerbation of copper pollution toxicity from ocean acidification: A comparative analysis of two bivalve species with distinct sensitivities. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 293:118525. [PMID: 34798221 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In estuarine ecosystems, bivalves experience large pH fluctuations caused by the anthropogenic elevation of atmospheric CO2 and Cu pollution. This study investigates whether Cu toxicity increases indiscriminately in two bivalve species from different estuarine habitats as a result of elevated Cu bioaccumulation in acidified seawater. This was carried out by evaluating the effects of Cu exposure on two bivalve species (clams and scallops) for 28 d, at a series of gradient pH levels (pH 8.1, 7.8, and 7.6). The results demonstrated an increase in the Cu content in the soft tissues of clams and scallops in acidified seawater. Cu toxicity increased under acidified seawater by affecting the molecular pathways, physiological function, biochemical responses, and health status of clams and scallops. An iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis showed increased protein turnover, disturbed cytoskeleton and signal transduction pathways, apoptosis, and suppressed energy metabolism pathways in the clams and scallops under joint exposure to ocean acidification and Cu. The integrated biomarker response results suggested that scallops were more sensitive to Cu toxicity and/or ocean acidification than clams. The proteomic results suggested that the increased energy metabolism and suppressed protein turnover rates may contribute to a higher resistivity to ocean acidification in clams than scallops. Overall, this study provides molecular insights into the distinct sensitivities between two bivalve species from different habitats under exposure to ocean acidification and/or Cu. The findings emphasize the aggravating impact of ocean acidification on Cu toxicity in clams and scallops. The results show that ocean acidification and copper pollution may reduce the long-term viability of clams and scallops, and lead to the degradation of estuarine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiwen Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China.
| | - Yiling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Yuhao Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Chenxiang Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Wenlin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
| | - Kai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Material and Green Papermaking, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, China
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23
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Xu G, Kong H, Chang X, Dupont S, Chen H, Deng Y, Hu M, Wang Y. Gonadal antioxidant responses to seawater acidification and hypoxia in the marine mussel Mytilus coruscus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:53847-53856. [PMID: 34036512 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14584-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the combined effects of seawater acidification and hypoxia on the antioxidant response in gonads of the thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus. Mussels were collected along the Shengsi Island, East China Sea, where oxygen and pH fluctuations frequently occur in summer. Mussels were exposed to three pH (8.1, 7.7, and 7.3) and two dissolved oxygen (DO) levels (6 and 2 mg L-1) for 21 days followed by a 10-day recovery period (pH 8.1 and DO 6 mg L-1). Gonad surface area (GSA) and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione (GSH), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in gonad were measured at days 21 and 31. Complex and enzyme-specific responses were observed after the 21-day exposure period. Overall, PCA analysis revealed a stronger effect of pH than DO. Integrated biomarker response (IBR) analysis demonstrated that low pH and DO decreased mussel's antioxidant system and increased oxidative damage with potential consequences for gonad development. Mussels exposed to low pH and DO were only partly able to recover a normal enzymatic activity after 10-day recovery period. This suggests that mussels exposed to short-term pH and DO fluctuations event in the field may suffer lasting negative impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangen Xu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Kong
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueqing Chang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sam Dupont
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Kristineberg Marine Research Station, Fiskebäckskil, Sweden
| | - Hui Chen
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hadal Science and Technology, College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China
| | - Yuewen Deng
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China
| | - Menghong Hu
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Youji Wang
- International Research Center for Marine Biosciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China.
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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24
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Gan N, Martin L, Xu W. Impact of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Accumulation on Oyster Health. Front Physiol 2021; 12:734463. [PMID: 34566698 PMCID: PMC8461069 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.734463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, the Deepwater Horizon oil spill triggered a spike in investigatory effort on the effects of crude oil chemicals, most notably polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), on marine organisms and ecosystems. Oysters, susceptible to both waterborne and sediment-bound contaminants due to their filter-feeding and sessile nature, have become of great interest among scientists as both a bioindicator and model organism for research on environmental stressors. It has been shown in many parts of the world that PAHs readily bioaccumulate in the soft tissues of oysters. Subsequent experiments have highlighted the negative effects associated with exposure to PAHs including the upregulation of antioxidant and detoxifying gene transcripts and enzyme activities such as Superoxide dismutase, Cytochrome P450 enzymes, and Glutathione S-transferase, reduction in DNA integrity, increased infection prevalence, and reduced and abnormal larval growth. Much of these effects could be attributed to either oxidative damage, or a reallocation of energy away from critical biological processes such as reproduction and calcification toward health maintenance. Additional abiotic stressors including increased temperature, reduced salinity, and reduced pH may change how the oyster responds to environmental contaminants and may compound the negative effects of PAH exposure. The negative effects of acidification and longer-term salinity changes appear to add onto that of PAH toxicity, while shorter-term salinity changes may induce mechanisms that reduce PAH exposure. Elevated temperatures, on the other hand, cause such large physiological effects on their own that additional PAH exposure either fails to cause any significant effects or that the effects have little discernable pattern. In this review, the oyster is recognized as a model organism for the study of negative anthropogenic impacts on the environment, and the effects of various environmental stressors on the oyster model are compared, while synergistic effects of these stressors to PAH exposure are considered. Lastly, the understudied effects of PAH photo-toxicity on oysters reveals drastic increases to the toxicity of PAHs via photooxidation and the formation of quinones. The consequences of the interaction between local and global environmental stressors thus provide a glimpse into the differential response to anthropogenic impacts across regions of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nin Gan
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, United States
| | - Leisha Martin
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, United States
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX, United States
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25
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Caliani I, Campani T, Conti B, Cosci F, Bedini S, D'Agostino A, Giovanetti L, Di Noi A, Casini S. First application of an Integrated Biological Response index to assess the ecotoxicological status of honeybees from rural and urban areas. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:47418-47428. [PMID: 33891238 PMCID: PMC8384815 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14037-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the effects of environmental contaminants on honeybees is essential to minimize their impacts on these important pollinating insects. The aim of this study was to assess the ecotoxicological status of honeybees in environments undergoing different anthropic pressure: a wood (reference site), an orchard, an agricultural area, and an urban site, using a multi-biomarker approach. To synthetically represent the ecotoxicological status of the honeybees, the responses of the single biomarkers were integrated by the Integrated Biological Response (IBRv2) index. Overall, the strongest alteration of the ecotoxicological status (IBRv2 = 7.52) was detected in the bees from the orchard due to the alteration of metabolic and genotoxicity biomarkers indicating the presence of pesticides, metals, and lipophilic compounds. Honeybees from the cultivated area (IBRv2 = 7.18) revealed an alteration especially in neurotoxicity, metabolic, and genotoxicity biomarkers probably related to the presence of pesticides, especially fungicides. Finally, in the urban area (IBRv2 = 6.60), the biomarker results (GST, lysozyme, and hemocytes) indicated immunosuppression in the honeybees and the effects of the presence of lipophilic compounds and metals in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Caliani
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Tommaso Campani
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100, Siena, Italy.
| | - Barbara Conti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment Entomology, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto, 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Cosci
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment Entomology, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto, 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Bedini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment Entomology, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto, 80, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella D'Agostino
- Department of Management and Quantitative Studies, University of Naples "Parthenope", via Generale Parisi, 13, 80132, Napoli, Italy
| | - Laura Giovanetti
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Agata Di Noi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Silvia Casini
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100, Siena, Italy
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Transcriptional and Catalytic Responsiveness of the Antarctic Fish Trematomus bernacchii Antioxidant System toward Multiple Stressors. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10030410. [PMID: 33803125 PMCID: PMC8000868 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10030410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocean-warming and acidification jeopardize Antarctic marine species, adapted to cold and constant conditions and naturally exposed to high pro-oxidant pressures and cadmium (Cd) bioavailability. The aim of this study was to investigate if projected temperature increase and pH reduction may affect the accumulation and the effects of Cd in the rockcod Trematomus bernacchii. Organisms were exposed for 14 days to six scenarios, combining environmental or increased temperature (−1 °C, +1 °C) and control or reduced pH (8.05, 7.60), either with or without Cd (40 µg/L). Responses in liver and gills were analyzed at different levels, including mRNA and functional measurements of metallothioneins and of a wide battery of antioxidants, integrated with the evaluation of the total antioxidant capacity and onset of oxidative damages. In the gills, metallothioneins and mRNA of antioxidant genes (nrf2, keap1, cat, gpx1) increased after Cd exposure, but such effects were softened by warming and acidification. Antioxidants showed slighter variations at the enzymatic level, while Cd caused glutathione increase under warming and acidified scenarios. In the liver, due to higher basal antioxidant protection, limited effects were observed. Genotoxic damage increased under the combined stressors scenario. Overall results highlighted the modulation of the oxidative stress response to Cd by multiple stressors, suggesting the vulnerability of T. bernacchii under predicted ocean change scenarios.
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Baag S, Mahapatra S, Mandal S. An Integrated and Multibiomarker approach to delineate oxidative stress status of Bellamya bengalensis under the interactions of elevated temperature and chlorpyrifos contamination. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 264:128512. [PMID: 33049511 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Synergistic effects of warming on bioconcentration and receptiveness of pollutants are still poorly unravelled in conjunction with cellular and molecular responses. The present study addressed the impact of an environmental relevant dose of chlorpyrifos (organophosphate pesticide), under control (25 °C) and elevated levels of temperature (30 °C, 35 °C) in Bellamya bengalensis, a freshwater gastropod for 60 days across various endpoints. Multiple levels of biomarkers were measured: growth conditions (organ to flesh weight ratio, condition index), oxidative stress status (SOD, CAT, GST, LPO) and DNA damage (Comet assay-3rd, 30th and 60th days only) after acute (24, 48 and 72 h) and long-term exposures (10th, 20th, 30th, 40th, 50th and 60th days). An integrated biomarker response (IBR) strategy was adapted to amalgamate results generated from various biomarkers to assess organism's vulnerability to pesticide pollution and how it may shift with warming climate. Significant changes were observed in growth conditions under longer exposure periods. Acute as well as long-term exposures enhanced the antioxidant and detoxification enzyme activity. DNA damage was extensive under longer exposure to stress howbeit was also significantly escalated under acute severe warming. Antioxidant and detoxification mechanisms fell short in counteracting cellular level damage. The IBR results indicated long-term acclimation of B. bengalensis to elevated temperatures and pesticide contamination lead to an improved tolerance level howbeit, acute stress was more detrimental. This study provided evidence for the efficiency of employing an integrated biomarker approach for B. bengalensis in future bio-monitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sritama Baag
- Marine Ecology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1, College Street, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Sayantan Mahapatra
- Marine Ecology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1, College Street, Kolkata, 700073, India
| | - Sumit Mandal
- Marine Ecology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, 86/1, College Street, Kolkata, 700073, India.
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Xing Q, Liao H, Peng C, Zheng G, Yang Z, Wang J, Lu W, Huang X, Bao Z. Identification, characterization and expression analyses of cholinesterases genes in Yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) reveal molecular function allocation in responses to ocean acidification. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 231:105736. [PMID: 33422860 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2020.105736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cholinesterases are key enzymes in central and peripheral cholinergic nerve system functioning on nerve impulse transmission in animals. Though cholinesterases have been identified in most vertebrates, the knowledge about the variable numbers and multiple functions of the genes is still quite meagre in invertebrates, especially in scallops. In this study, the complete cholinesterase (ChE) family members have been systematically characterized in Yesso scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) via whole-genome scanning through in silico analysis. Ten ChE family members in the genome of Yesso scallop (designated PyChEs) were identified and potentially acted to be the largest number of ChE in the reported species to date. Phylogenetic and protein structural analyses were performed to determine the identities and evolutionary relationships of these genes. The expression profiles of PyChEs were determined in all developmental stages, in healthy adult tissues, and in mantles under low pH stress (pH 6.5 and 7.5). Spatiotemporal expression suggested the ubiquitous functional roles of PyChEs in all stages of development, as well as general and tissue-specific functions in scallop tissues. Regulation expressions revealed diverse up- and down-regulated expression patterns at most time points, suggesting different functional specialization of gene superfamily members in response to ocean acidification (OA). Evidences in gene number, phylogenetic relationships and expression patterns of PyChEs revealed that functional innovations and differentiations after gene duplication may result in altered functional constraints among PyChEs gene clusters. Collectively, our results provide the potential clues that the selection pressures coming from the environment were the potential inducement leading to function allocation of ChE family members in scallop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Huan Liao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China; College of Animal Biotechnology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Guiliang Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Zujing Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jing Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Wei Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaoting Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Zhenmin Bao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, China
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Caliani I, Campani T, Conti B, Cosci F, Bedini S, D'Agostino A, Ammendola A, Di Noi A, Gori A, Casini S. Multi-biomarker approach and IBR index to evaluate the effects of different contaminants on the ecotoxicological status of Apis mellifera. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 208:111486. [PMID: 33130481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The honeybee, Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae), a keystone pollinator of wild plant species and agricultural crops, is disappearing globally due to parasites and diseases, habitat loss, genetic constraints, beekeeper management issues and to the widespread use of pesticides. Besides insecticides, widely studied in this species, honeybees are also exposed to herbicides and fungicides and heavy metals whose lethal and sublethal effects need to be investigated. In this context, our study aimed to evaluate the effects of fungicides and of heavy metals on honeybees and to develop and apply a multi-biomarker approach that include an Integrated Biological Index (IBRv2) to assess the toxicological status of this species. Biomarkers of neurotoxicity (AChE and CaE), metabolic alteration (ALP, and GST) and immune system (LYS, granulocytes) were measured, following honeybees' exposure to cadmium or to a crop fungicide, using the genotoxic compound EMS as positive control. A biomarker of genotoxicity (NA assay) was developed and applied for the first time in honeybees. At the doses tested, all the contaminants showed sublethal toxicity to the bees, highlighting in particular genotoxic effects. The data collected were analyzed by an IBRv2 index, which integrated the seven biomarkers used in this study. IBRv2 index increased with increasing cadmium or fungicide concentrations. The IBRv2 represents a simple tool for a general description of honeybees ecotoxicological health status. Results highlight the need for more in-depth investigations on the effects of fungicides on non-target organisms, such as honeybees, using sensitive methods for the determination of sublethal effects. This study contributes to the development of a multi-biomarker approach to be used for a more accurate ecotoxicological environmental monitoring of these animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Caliani
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Tommaso Campani
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Barbara Conti
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment Entomology, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Cosci
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment Entomology, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Bedini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment Entomology, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto, 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella D'Agostino
- Department of Management and Quantitative Studies, University of Naples "Parthenope", via Generale Parisi, 13, 80132 Napoli, Italy
| | - Anna Ammendola
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Agata Di Noi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandro Gori
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Silvia Casini
- Department of Physical, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Siena, via Mattioli, 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
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Mezzelani M, Nardi A, Bernardini I, Milan M, Peruzza L, d'Errico G, Fattorini D, Gorbi S, Patarnello T, Regoli F. Environmental pharmaceuticals and climate change: The case study of carbamazepine in M. galloprovincialis under ocean acidification scenario. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 146:106269. [PMID: 33248345 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2020.106269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Contaminants of emerging concern and ocean changes are key environmental stressors for marine species with possibly synergistic, but still unexplored, deleterious effects. In the present study the influence of a simulated ocean acidification scenario (pH = 7.6) was investigated on metabolism and sub-lethal effects of carbamazepine, CBZ (1 µg/L), chosen as one of the most widely diffused pharmaceuticals in marine organisms. A multidisciplinary approach was applied on mussels, M. galloprovincialis, integrating measurement of drug bioaccumulation with changes in the whole transcriptome, responsiveness of various biochemical and cellular biomarkers including immunological parameters, lipid and oxidative metabolism, onset of genotoxic effects. Chemical analyses revealed a limited influence of hypercapnia on accumulation and excretion of CBZ, while a complex network of biological responses was observed in gene expression profile and functional changes at cellular level. The modulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) pathway suggested similarities with the Mechanism of Action known for vertebrates: immune responses, cellular homeostasis and oxidative system represented the processes targeted by combined stressors. The overall elaboration of results through a quantitative Weight of Evidence model, revealed clearly increased cellular hazard due to interactions of CBZ with acidification compared to single stressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marica Mezzelani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche (60131), Ancona, Italy
| | - Alessandro Nardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche (60131), Ancona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bernardini
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università di Padova, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Polo di Agripolis, Italy
| | - Massimo Milan
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università di Padova, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Polo di Agripolis, Italy
| | - Luca Peruzza
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università di Padova, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Polo di Agripolis, Italy
| | - Giuseppe d'Errico
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche (60131), Ancona, Italy
| | - Daniele Fattorini
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche (60131), Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefania Gorbi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche (60131), Ancona, Italy
| | - Tomaso Patarnello
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Università di Padova, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Polo di Agripolis, Italy
| | - Francesco Regoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche (60131), Ancona, Italy.
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Wilson-McNeal A, Hird C, Hobbs C, Nielson C, Smith KE, Wilson RW, Lewis C. Fluctuating seawater pCO 2/pH induces opposing interactions with copper toxicity for two intertidal invertebrates. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 748:141370. [PMID: 32814294 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Global ocean pCO2 is increasing as a result of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, driving a decline in seawater pH. However, coastal waters already undergo fluctuations in pCO2/pH conditions over far shorter timescales, with values regularly exceeding those predicted for the open ocean by the year 2100. The speciation of copper, and therefore its potential toxicity, is affected by changing seawater pH, yet little is known concerning how present-day natural fluctuations in seawater pH affect copper toxicity to marine biota. Here, we test the hypothesis that a fluctuating seawater pCO2/pH regime will alter the responses of the mussel Mytilus edulis and the ragworm Alitta virens to sub-lethal copper, compared to a static seawater pCO2/pH scenario. Mussels and worms were exposed to 0.1 and 0.25 μM copper respectively, concentrations determined to produce comparable toxicity responses in these species, for two weeks under a fluctuating 12-hour pCO2/pH cycle (pH 8.14-7.53, pCO2 445-1747 μatm) or a static pH 8.14 (pCO2 432 μatm) treatment. Mussels underwent a haemolymph acidosis of 0.1-0.2 pH units in the fluctuating treatments, alongside two-fold increases in the superoxide dismutase activity and DNA damage induced by copper, compared to those induced by copper under static pH conditions. Conversely, ragworms experienced an alkalosis of 0.3 pH units under fluctuating pH/pCO2, driven by a two-fold increase in coelomic fluid bicarbonate. This mitigated the copper-induced oxidative stress to slightly reduce both antioxidant activity and DNA damage, relative to the static pH + copper treatment. These opposing responses suggest that differences in species acid-base physiology were more important in determining toxicity responses than the pH-induced speciation change. With variability in seawater chemistry predicted to increase as climate change progresses, understanding how fluctuating conditions interact with the toxicity of pH-sensitive contaminants will become more crucial in predicting their risk to coastal biota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Wilson-McNeal
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences: Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom.
| | - Cameron Hird
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences: Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Hobbs
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences: Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Clara Nielson
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences: Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Kathryn E Smith
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences: Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom; Marine Biological Association, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, United Kingdom
| | - Rod W Wilson
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences: Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
| | - Ceri Lewis
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences: Biosciences, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, United Kingdom
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Giuliani ME, Filippini G, Nardi A. Season specific influence of projected ocean changes on the response to cadmium of stress-related genes in Mytilus galloprovincialis. MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 162:105091. [PMID: 32798697 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2020.105091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic inputs of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are driving ocean warming and acidification. The potential threat represented by these changes for marine species could be amplified in coastal areas, characterized by higher levels of pollutants. In addition, temperate organisms may exhibit a different seasonal tolerance to stressors influenced by fluctuations of environmental and physiological factors. In this study, Mediterranean mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis collected both in summer and winter were exposed to combinations of two temperatures (SST, seasonal surface temperature and SST+5 °C) and two levels of pH (8.20 and 7.40) in clean or cadmium contaminated seawater (20 μg/L Cd). mRNA levels of genes related to metal-induced stress response were investigated, including metallothionein mt-20, heat-shock protein hsp70, superoxide dismutase Cu/Zn-sod, catalase cat, glutathione peroxidase gpx1 and glutathione S-transferase gst-pi. To further elucidate if tissues with different physiological roles could exhibit different responsiveness, such analyses were carried out in digestive gland and in gills of exposed mussels. mt-20 mRNA increase after Cd-exposure was higher in the digestive gland than in the gills, with few modulations by temperature or pH only in the latter. Acidification, alone or in combination with other stressors, increased hsp70 mRNA, with seasonal- and tissue-specificities (higher in summer and in digestive gland). Among antioxidants, gpx1 mRNA was affected by Cd in both tissues and seasons, with further modulations due to pH and temperature variation tissue- and season-specific; in winter the combination of Cd, warming and acidification affected Cu/Zn-sod both in digestive gland and gills and cat only in gills, while weak seasonal variations were observed for gst-pi transcripts only in digestive gland. The overall results highlighted the importance of considering seasonality and responsiveness of different tissues to predict the effects of sudden changes in environmental parameters on responsiveness to and toxicity of chemicals in marine coastal organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisa Giuliani
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DiSVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulia Filippini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Alessandro Nardi
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'Ambiente (DiSVA), Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
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Yurdakok-Dikmen B, Turgut Y, Gunal AÇ, Uyar R, Kuzukıran O, Filazi A, Erkoc F. In vitro effects of selected endocrine disruptors (DEHP, PCB118, BPA) on narrow-clawed crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus) primary cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2020; 56:783-791. [PMID: 33025341 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-020-00514-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollutants with endocrine-disrupting effect are of global importance due to their contribution to the aethiologies of variety of complex diseases. These lipophilic pollutants are persistent in the environment and able to bioaccummulate in nontarget organisms. BPA, DEHP and PCB118 (dioxin-like PCB) are associated with endocrine disruption effects, while information on their effects on aquatic invertebrates are limited. In the current study, the effects of these compounds, which are ubiqutous and present at low concentrations in the environment, are studied in the primary hepatopancreas, muscle, gill, intestine and gonadal cultures of narrow-clawed crayfish (Astacus leptodactylus Eschscholtz, 1823), a widely distributed freshwater crayfish in Turkey with high economic importance. IC50 values following MTT assay ranged 0.27-12.61 nM; when compared with other tissues, the gonads were more affected with lower IC50 values. PCB118 induced higher cytotoxicity, while DEHP was the least toxic compound. This is the first study on the primary culture of A. leptodactylus¸ and the toxic effects of these compounds in this organism providing mechanistic insights on the responses and detoxification capacity of the organs. This study provides basis to unravel the mechanism of action of the tested EDCs in crayfish and improvement of cell culture conditions for ecotoxicity and screening assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Yurdakok-Dikmen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ankara University, 06110, Diskapi, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Y Turgut
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ankara University, 06110, Diskapi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A Ç Gunal
- Faculty of Gazi Education, Department of Biology Education, Gazi University, 06500, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey
| | - R Uyar
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ankara University, 06110, Diskapi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - O Kuzukıran
- Eldivan Vocational School of Health Sciences, Çankırı Karatekin University, 18700, Çay, Eldivan, Çankırı, Turkey
| | - A Filazi
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ankara University, 06110, Diskapi, Ankara, Turkey
| | - F Erkoc
- Faculty of Gazi Education, Department of Biology Education, Gazi University, 06500, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey
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Mearns AJ, Morrison AM, Arthur C, Rutherford N, Bissell M, Rempel-Hester MA. Effects of pollution on marine organisms. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2020; 92:1510-1532. [PMID: 32671886 DOI: 10.1002/wer.1400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This review covers selected 2019 articles on the biological effects of pollutants, including human physical disturbances, on marine and estuarine plants, animals, ecosystems, and habitats. The review, based largely on journal articles, covers field, and laboratory measurement activities (bioaccumulation of contaminants, field assessment surveys, toxicity testing, and biomarkers) as well as pollution issues of current interest including endocrine disrupters, emerging contaminants, wastewater discharges, marine debris, dredging, and disposal. Special emphasis is placed on effects of oil spills and marine debris due largely to the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil blowout in the Gulf of Mexico and proliferation of data on the assimilation and effects of marine debris microparticulates. Several topical areas reviewed in the past (e.g., mass mortalities ocean acidification) were dropped this year. The focus of this review is on effects, not on pollutant sources, chemistry, fate, or transport. There is considerable overlap across subject areas (e.g., some bioaccumulation data may be appeared in other topical categories such as effects of wastewater discharges, or biomarker studies appearing in oil toxicity literature). Therefore, we strongly urge readers to use keyword searching of the text and references to locate related but distributed information. Although nearly 400 papers are cited, these now represent a fraction of the literature on these subjects. Use this review mainly as a starting point. And please consult the original papers before citing them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J Mearns
- Emergency Response Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, Washington
| | | | | | - Nicolle Rutherford
- Emergency Response Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, Washington
| | - Matt Bissell
- Emergency Response Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Seattle, Washington
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Bai Z, Wang M. Warmer temperature increases mercury toxicity in a marine copepod. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 201:110861. [PMID: 32544748 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Marine biota have been co-challenged with ocean warming and mercury (Hg) pollution over many generations because of human activities; however, the molecular mechanisms to explain their combined effects are not well understood. In this study, a marine planktonic copepod Pseudodiaptomus annandalei was acutely exposed to different temperature (22 and 25 °C) and Hg (0 and 118 μg/L) treatments in a 24-h cross-factored experiment. Hg accumulation and its subcellular fractions were determined in the copepods after exposure. The expression of the genes of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), metallothionein1 (mt1), heat shock protein 70 (hsp70), hsp90, hexokinase (hk), and pyruvate kinase (pk) was also analyzed. Both the Hg treatment alone and the combined exposure of warmer temperature plus Hg pollution remarkably facilitated Hg bioaccumulation in the exposed copepods. Compared with the Hg treatment alone, the combined exposure increased total Hg accumulation and also the amount of Hg stored in the metal-sensitive fractions (MSF), suggesting elevated Hg toxicity in P. annandalei under a warmer environment, given that the MSF is directly related to metal toxicity. The warmer temperature significantly up-regulated the mRNA levels of mt1, hsp70, hsp90, and hk, indicating the copepods suffered from thermal stress. With exposure to Hg, the mRNA level of SOD increased strikingly but the transcript levels of hsp90, hk, and pk decreased significantly, indicating that Hg induced toxic events (e.g., oxidative damage and energy depletion). Particularly, in contrast to the Hg treatment alone, the combined exposure significantly down-regulated the mRNA levels of SOD and GPx but up-regulated the mRNA levels of mt1, hsp70, hsp90, hk, and pk. Collectively, the results of this study indicate that ocean warming will potentially boost Hg toxicity in the marine copepod P. annandalei, which is information that will increase the accuracy of the projections of marine ecosystem responses to the joint effects of climate change stressors and metal pollution on the future ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoan Bai
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Minghua Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies/College of the Environment & Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
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Li W, Wang S, Li J, Wang X, Cui L, Chen J, Liu Z. Antioxidative enzyme activities in the Rhodeinae sinensis Gunther and Macrobrachium nipponense and multi-endpoint assessment under tonalide exposure. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 199:110751. [PMID: 32446104 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tonalide or acetyl hexamethyl tetralin (AHTN) is used as a fragrance additive in various household products. Recently, AHTN has drawn attention owing to its negative health effects on aquatic organisms. Data on AHTN toxicity toward aquatic species are limited. Therefore, this study tested the oxidative stress induced by AHTN exposure on the Rhodeinae sinensis Gunther and Macrobrachium nipponense. In this study, malonaldehyde (MDA) content and the activities of acetyl cholinesterase (AchE), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and catalase (CAT) in R. sinensis Gunther were tested after 30 days of exposure to 30.093, 34.005, 38.426, 43.421, 49.067, 55.444, 62.652, 70.800, and 80.000 μg/L AHTN, respectively. The MDA, AchE, SOD, GST and CAT in M. nipponense were tested after 40 days of exposure to 60.000, 72.000, 86.400, 103.680, 124.416, 149.299, 179.159, 214.991, and 257.989 μg/L AHTN, respectively. In addition, an integrated biomarker response (IBR) index was utilised to evaluate the integrated toxic effects of AHTN on R. sinensis Gunther and M. nipponense. Finally, the predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) of AHTN, based on reproduction, biochemistry, survival, chronic toxicity, and acute toxicity endpoints were derived. The results indicated that low concentrations of AHTN can induce significant changes of oxidative stress biomarkers. The no observed effect concentrations (NOECs) of SOD, GST, AchE, CAT, and MDA were 103.680, 72.000, <60.000, 72.000, and <60.000 μg/L for R. sinensis Gunther and 38.426, 43.421, 30.093, 30.093, and 38.426 μg/L for M. nipponense, respectively. The IBR calculation results showed that 149.299 μg/L AHTN caused the highest toxic effect on R. sinensis Gunther after 30 days of exposure, whereas 70.797 μg/L AHTN caused the greatest damage to M. nipponense after 40 days of exposure. The PNECs of AHTN based on the non-traditional endpoints of biochemistry and reproduction were 0.00145 μg/L and 0.000395 μg/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than the PNEC of 2.636 μg/L for traditional endpoint survival. Therefore, the protection of aquatic organisms based on non-traditional toxicity endpoints should be considered in ecological risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China; The College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Shanghong Wang
- The College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Ji Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Liang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Jin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China
| | - Zhengtao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
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Cui W, Cao L, Liu J, Ren Z, Zhao B, Dou S. Effects of seawater acidification and cadmium on the antioxidant defense of flounder Paralichthys olivaceus larvae. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 718:137234. [PMID: 32087580 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide has led to a decrease in the pH of the ocean, which influences the speciation of heavy metals and consequently affects metal toxicity in marine organisms. To investigate the effects of seawater acidification and metals on the antioxidant defenses of marine fishes, the flounder Paralichthys olivaceus, was continuously exposed to cadmium (Cd; control, 0.01 and 0.15 mg L-1) and acidified seawater (control (pH 8.10), 7.70 and 7.30) for 49 days from embryogenesis to settlement. The results demonstrated that both Cd and acidified seawater could induce oxidative stress and consequently cause lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the larvae. Antioxidants (i.e., superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; reduced glutathione, GSH; glutathione S-transferase, GST; glutathione peroxidase, GPx; and glutathione reductase, GR) functioned to defend the larvae against oxidative damage. Overall, Cd induced (SOD, GST and GSH) or inhibited (CAT and GPx) the enzymatic activities or contents of all the selected antioxidants except for GR. The antioxidants responded differently to seawater acidification, depending on their interaction with the metal. Similarly, the mRNA expressions of the antioxidant-related genes were upregulated (sod, gr and gst) or downregulated (cat and gpx) in response to increasing Cd exposure. Seawater acidification did not necessarily affect all of the biomarkers; in some cases (e.g., SOD and sod, GR and gr), Cd stress may have exceeded and masked the stress from seawater acidification in regulating the antioxidant defense of the larvae. The integrated biomarker response (IBR) was enhanced with increasing levels of the stressors. These findings support the hypothesis that seawater acidification not only directly affects the antioxidant defense in flounder larvae but also interacts with Cd to further regulate this defense. This study has ecological significance for assessing the long-term impacts of ocean acidification and metal pollution on the recruitment of fish populations in the wild.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Cui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Liang Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jinhu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Zhonghua Ren
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Shuozeng Dou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China; Laboratory for Marine Ecology and Environmental Science, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China.
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