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Tian M, Ren X, Ding S, Fu N, Wei Y, Yang Z, Yao X. Effective degradation of phenol by activating PMS with bimetallic Mo and Ni Co-doped g C 3N 4 composite catalyst: A Fenton-like degradation process promoted by non-free radical 1O 2. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 243:117848. [PMID: 38065396 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The application of bimetal supported graphite phase carbon nitride in activated peroxymonosulfate (PMS) process has become a research hotspot in recent years. In this study, 8-g C3N4/Mo/Ni composite catalyst material was successfully prepared by doping Mo and Ni in graphite phase carbon nitride. The bimetallic active sites were formed in the catalyst, and PMS was activated by the metal valence Mo6+/Mo4+ and Ni2+/Ni(0) through redox double cycle to effectively degrade phenol. When pH was neutral, the degradation rate of 20 mg/L phenol solution with 8-g C3N4/Mo/Ni (0.35 g/L) and PMS (0.6 mM) could reach 95% within 20 min. The degradation rate of 8-g C3N4/Mo/Ni/PMS catalytic system could reach more than 90% within 20min under the condition of pH range of 3-11 and different anions. Meanwhile, the degradation effects of RhB, MB and OFX on different pollutants within 30min were 99%, 100% and 82%, respectively. Electron spin resonance and quenching experiments showed that in 8-g C3N4/Mo/Ni/PMS system, the degradation mechanism was mainly non-free radicals, and the main active species in the degradation process was 1O2. This study provides a new idea for the study of bimetal supported graphite phase carbon nitride activation of PMS and the theoretical study of degradation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Tian
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China; School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou Petrochemical University of Vocational Technology, Lanzhou, 730030, PR China
| | - Xuechang Ren
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China.
| | - Suying Ding
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Ning Fu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Yajun Wei
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Zhenyu Yang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
| | - Xiaoqing Yao
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou, 730070, PR China
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Atashkadi M, Mohadesi A, Karimi MA, Mohammadi SZ, Haji Aghaei V. Synthesis and characterization of Black Au nanoparticles deposited over g-C 3N 4 nanosheets: enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 45:1124-1140. [PMID: 36259634 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2022.2138558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Black AuNPs, prepared by a facile seeding growth method under ambient conditions, displayed efficient broadband absorption of the incident light over the entire visible and near-infrared regions of the solar spectrum. The spherical black AuNPs with the size of 2-4 nm were deposited over mesoporous g-C3N4 nanosheets. Novel black AuNPs/g-C3N4 plasmonic photocatalysts were used to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from an aqueous solution. The degradation efficiency for the optimal coupling of 1.3 wt.% black AuNPs with g-C3N4 (1.2 g) was found to be 85% within 60 min under visible light irradiation. The calculated kinetic constant was 0.0186 min-1 which was 6.4 and 2.9 times greater than those for g-C3N4 and AuNPs/g-C3N4 nanocomposite, respectively. The excellent potential in photocatalysis was attributed to the synergistic interactions of the g-C3N4 conduction band and the localized surface plasmon resonance effect of black AuNPs. These properties were responsible for the generation of high-energy electrons, a negative shift in the Fermi level of black AuNPs, and the migration of charge carriers. This work studied a new insight into black gold nanoparticles via the design of a visible-light-driven photocatalyst and provided a perspective on valuable photo-related applications such as water treatment.
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Iqbal N, Khan MS, Zubair M, Khan SA, Ali A, Aldhafeeri N, Alsahli S, Alanzi M, Enazi A, Alroyle T, Alrashidi A. Advanced Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Generation by CdO-g-C 3N 4 in Aqueous Medium under Visible Light. Molecules 2022; 27:8646. [PMID: 36557780 PMCID: PMC9787746 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, hydrothermal fabrication of CdO-g-C3N4 photocatalyst for a substantially better photocatalytic recital in water splitting is presented. The XRD analysis confirms the cubic phase of CdO-g-C3N4, whereas FTIR and UV-VIS studies revealed the presence of respective groups and a median band gap energy (2.55 eV) of the photocatalyst, respectively, which further enhanced its photo-electrochemical (PEC) properties. The SEM displays the oblong structures of g-C3N4 sheets and nano rod-like morphology of CdO and CdO-g-C3N4, respectively. The HR-TEM exhibits morphology & orientation of the grains and substantiates the polycrystal-line nature of CdO-g-C3N4 nanocomposite. The photocatalytic water-splitting concert is evaluated by PEC experiments under 1 SUN visible light irradiation. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), chronoamperometry (CA), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) comprehend the CdO-g-C3N4 as a hydrogen evolution photocatalyst. A photocurrent density beyond ≥5 mA/cm2 is recorded from CdO-g-C3N4, which is 5-6 folds greater than pure CdO and g-C3N4. The efficient separation and transfer of charges allocated to CdO-g-C3N4 and fabricating heterojunctions between g-C3N4 and CdO suppresses the unfavorable electron-hole pairs recombination process. Thus, it recesses charge transfer resistance, augmenting enhanced photocatalytic performance under 1 SUN irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseer Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahzeb Khan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Physics, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safyan Akram Khan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen & Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), P.O. Box 5040, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asghar Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Aldhafeeri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alsahli
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Misheal Alanzi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelazeez Enazi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talal Alroyle
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullatif Alrashidi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Hafr Al Batin, P.O. Box 1803, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
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Enhanced Photocatalytic and Photoluminescence Properties Resulting from Type-I Band Alignment in the Zn2GeO4/g-C3N4 Nanocomposites. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12070692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Well-defined Zn2GeO4/g-C3N4 nanocomposites with a band alignment of type-I were prepared by the ultrasound-assisted solvent method, starting from g-C3N4 nanosheets and incorporating 0, 10, 20, and 40 wt% of Zn2GeO4. In this study, we have investigated in-depth the photoluminescence emission and photocatalytic activity of these nanocomposites. Our experimental results showed that an increased mass ratio of Zn2GeO4 to g-C3N4 can significantly improve their photoluminescence and photocatalytic responses. Additionally, we have noted that the broadband photoluminescence (PL) emission for these nanocomposites reveals three electronic transitions; the first two well-defined transitions (at ca. 450 nm and 488 nm) can be attributed to π*→ lone pair (LP) and π*→π transitions of g-C3N4, while the single shoulder at ca. 532 nm is due to the oxygen vacancy (Vo) as well as the hybridization of 4s and 4p orbital states in the Zn and Ge belonging to Zn2GeO4. These experimental findings are also supported by theoretical calculations performed under periodic conditions based on the density functional theory (DFT) fragment. The theoretical findings for these nanocomposites suggest a possible strain-induced increase in the Zn-O bond length, as well as a shortening of the Ge-O bond of both tetrahedral [ZnO4] and [GeO4] clusters, respectively. Thus, this disordered structure promotes local polarization and a charge gradient in the Zn2GeO4/g-C3N4 interface that enable an efficient separation and transfer of the photoexcited charges. Finally, theoretical results show a good correlation with our experimental data.
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Van KN, Huu HT, Nguyen Thi VN, Thi Le TL, Hoang QD, Dinh QV, Vo V, Tran DL, Vasseghian Y. Construction of S-scheme CdS/g-C 3N 4 nanocomposite with improved visible-light photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 206:112556. [PMID: 34951992 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Within moderate band gap, g-C3N4 and CdS are both promising visible light driven photocatalysts. However, their intrinsic high recombination rate of photo-induced electron-hole pairs along with the poor susceptibility in photocorrosion of CdS is main limitations hindering their practical application. In this study, the CdS/g-C3N4 composites with various weight ratios of CdS to g-C3N4 were solvothermal prepared from the dispersion of components, g-C3N4 and CdS, in ethanol. The physicochemical characterizations demonstrate the success in the fabrication of well-dispersed CdS nanoparticles in the g-C3N4 matrix. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of the g-C3N4/CdS composite over the degradation of methylene blue under visible light was ascribed to the effective photo-induced electron-hole separation via the step scheme (S-scheme) pathway in which the main contribution of high oxidative hydroxyl radicals (•OH) was demonstrated. Furthermore, via S-scheme model, we also clarify the depletion of photo-induced holes on CdS which is ascribed as the reason for improvement in resistance to photocorrosion of composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Nguyen Van
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Quy Nhon University, Quy Nhon, 55000, Binh Dinh, Viet Nam.
| | - Ha Tran Huu
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Quy Nhon University, Quy Nhon, 55000, Binh Dinh, Viet Nam
| | - Viet Nga Nguyen Thi
- Faculty of Education, Quy Nhon University, Quy Nhon, 55000, Binh Dinh, Viet Nam
| | - Thanh-Lieu Thi Le
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Quy Nhon University, Quy Nhon, 55000, Binh Dinh, Viet Nam
| | - Quoc Dat Hoang
- Vietnam Ministry of Science and Technology, 113 Tran Duy Hung, Cau Giay, Hanoi, 10000, Viet Nam
| | - Quoc Viet Dinh
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Quy Nhon University, Quy Nhon, 55000, Binh Dinh, Viet Nam
| | - Vien Vo
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Quy Nhon University, Quy Nhon, 55000, Binh Dinh, Viet Nam.
| | - Dai Lam Tran
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Yasser Vasseghian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran
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Alaghmandfard A, Ghandi K. A Comprehensive Review of Graphitic Carbon Nitride (g-C 3N 4)-Metal Oxide-Based Nanocomposites: Potential for Photocatalysis and Sensing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:294. [PMID: 35055311 PMCID: PMC8779993 DOI: 10.3390/nano12020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
g-C3N4 has drawn lots of attention due to its photocatalytic activity, low-cost and facile synthesis, and interesting layered structure. However, to improve some of the properties of g-C3N4, such as photochemical stability, electrical band structure, and to decrease charge recombination rate, and towards effective light-harvesting, g-C3N4-metal oxide-based heterojunctions have been introduced. In this review, we initially discussed the preparation, modification, and physical properties of the g-C3N4 and then, we discussed the combination of g-C3N4 with various metal oxides such as TiO2, ZnO, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, WO3, SnO, SnO2, etc. We summarized some of their characteristic properties of these heterojunctions, their optical features, photocatalytic performance, and electrical band edge positions. This review covers recent advances, including applications in water splitting, CO2 reduction, and photodegradation of organic pollutants, sensors, bacterial disinfection, and supercapacitors. We show that metal oxides can improve the efficiency of the bare g-C3N4 to make the composites suitable for a wide range of applications. Finally, this review provides some perspectives, limitations, and challenges in investigation of g-C3N4-metal-oxide-based heterojunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khashayar Ghandi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
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Song X, Ye S, Zhou X, Gui W, Yang C, Yang Z. Construction of Z-scheme NiO/NiC/g-C 3N 4 composites using NiC as novel cocatalysts for the efficient photocatalytic degradation. RSC Adv 2021; 11:24822-24835. [PMID: 35481003 PMCID: PMC9036862 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03562b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel composite consisting of NiO/NiC/g-C3N4 with excellent photocatalytic properties was successfully synthesized by the simple calcination of layered double metal hydroxide (LDH) and melamine. The color and chemical composition of the as-prepared composites could be tailored by changing the mass ratio of NiAl-LDH and g-C3N4. For the L4C composite at the ratio of 1 : 1, it showed the desired dark color due to the generated NiC. It also showed high photodegradation efficiency under visible light irradiation, reaching 97.5% toward Rhodamine B and 92.6% toward tetracycline. The high photodegradation efficiency could be mainly attributed to the unique formation of NiC cocatalysts coupled with g-C3N4 and NiO semiconductors, which constructed a Z-scheme system and facilitated the efficient separation of the photogenerated electron-hole pairs. The present findings provide a promising approach for fabricating the new types of composite photocatalysts for pollutant degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Song
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China +86-27-67884814
| | - Sisi Ye
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China +86-27-67884814
| | - Xin Zhou
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China +86-27-67884814
| | - Wanrui Gui
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China +86-27-67884814
| | - Can Yang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China +86-27-67884814
| | - Zhihong Yang
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074 China +86-27-67884814
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Abdullah FH, Abu Bakar NHH, Abu Bakar M. Comparative study of chemically synthesized and low temperature bio-inspired Musa acuminata peel extract mediated zinc oxide nanoparticles for enhanced visible-photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants in wastewater treatment. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 406:124779. [PMID: 33338763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Zinc oxide (ZnO) photocatalysts were successfully synthesized via chemical and green, environmentally-benign methods. The work highlights the valorization of banana peel (BP) waste extract as the reducing and capping agents to produce pure, low temperature, highly crystalline, and effective ZnO nanoparticles with superior photocatalytic activities for the removal of hazardous Basic Blue 9 (BB9), crystal violet (CV), and cresol red (CR) dyes in comparison to chemically synthesized ZnO. Their formation and morphologies were verified by various optical spectroscopic and electron microscopic techniques. XRD results revealed that the biosynthesized ZnO exhibited 15.3 nm crystallite size when determined by Scherrer equation, which was smaller than the chemically synthesized ZnO. The FTIR spectra confirmed the presence of biomolecules in the green-mediated catalyst. EDX and XPS analyses verified the purity and chemical composition of ZnO. Nitrogen sorption analysis affirmed the high surface area of bio-inspired ZnO. Maximum removal efficiencies were achieved with 30 mg green ZnO catalyst, 2.0 × 10-5 M BB9 solution, alkaline pH 12, and irradiation time 90 min. Green-mediated ZnO showed superior photodegradation efficiency and reusability than chemically synthesized ZnO. Therefore, this economical, environment-friendly photocatalyst is applicable for the removal of organic contaminants in wastewater treatment under visible light irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- F H Abdullah
- Nanoscience Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
| | - N H H Abu Bakar
- Nanoscience Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia.
| | - M Abu Bakar
- Nanoscience Research Laboratory, School of Chemical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
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