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Ashtiani AS, Jafari Z, Chiniforush N, Afrasiabi S. In vitro antibiofilm effect of different irradiation doses in infected root canal model. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2024; 46:104053. [PMID: 38499277 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eradication of endodontic biofilms from the infected root canal system is still the main concern in endodontics. In this study, the role of the power density parameter in the efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (PDT) with toluidine blue O (TBO) and phycocyanin (PC) activated by a 635 nm diode laser (DL) against Enterococcus faecalis biofilm in the root canal model was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS The E. faecalis biofilm in the root canal was treated with TBO and PC with different power densities (636, 954, 1273, and 1592 W/cm2). The untreated biofilm represented the control group. After the treatments, the biofilms were analyzed based on the number of colonies per milliliter. RESULTS TBO and PC activated with 635 nm DL with a power density of 1592 W/cm2 were more efficient in removing E. faecalis biofilms within the root canals than those with a power density of 636 W/cm2 (p = 0.00). CONCLUSION The light power density optimized the bacterial reduction of E. faecalis biofilms in the root canal spaces. These results provide information on the decisive parameters for performing PDT on intracanal biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zahra Jafari
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Chiniforush
- Department of Surgical Sciences and Integrated Diagnostics, University of Genoa, Viale Benedetto XV, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Shima Afrasiabi
- Laser Research Center of Dentistry, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Zhang Q, Hou D, Wen X, Xin M, Li Z, Wu L, Pathak JL. Gold nanomaterials for oral cancer diagnosis and therapy: Advances, challenges, and prospects. Mater Today Bio 2022; 15:100333. [PMID: 35774196 PMCID: PMC9237953 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis and treatment of oral cancer are vital for patient survival. Since the oral cavity accommodates the second largest and most diverse microbiome community after the gut, the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches with low invasiveness and minimal damage to surrounding tissues are keys to preventing clinical intervention-related infections. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are widely used in the research of cancer diagnosis and therapy due to their excellent properties such as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, surface plasma resonance, controlled synthesis, the plasticity of surface morphology, biological safety, and stability. AuNPs had been used in oral cancer detection reagents, tumor-targeted therapy, photothermal therapy, photodynamic therapy, and other combination therapies for oral cancer. AuNPs-based noninvasive diagnosis and precise treatments further reduce the clinical intervention-related infections. This review is focused on the recent advances in research and application of AuNPs for early screening, diagnostic typing, drug delivery, photothermal therapy, radiotherapy sensitivity treatment, and combination therapy of oral cancer. Distinctive reports from the literature are summarized to highlight the latest advances in the development and application of AuNPs in oral cancer diagnosis and therapy. Finally, this review points out the challenges and prospects of possible applications of AuNPs in oral cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China.,Laboratory for Myology, Department of Human Movement Sciences, Faculty of Behavioural and Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, 1081 BT Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Dan Hou
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Xueying Wen
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Mengyu Xin
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Ziling Li
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Lihong Wu
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Janak L Pathak
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
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Novel cationic-chalcone phthalocyanines for photodynamic therapy eradication of S. aureus and E. coli bacterial biofilms and MCF-7 breast cancer. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2022; 38:102863. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2022.102863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Bartusik-Aebisher D, Ożóg Ł, Domka W, Aebisher D. Rose Bengal and Future Directions in Larynx Tumor Photodynamic Therapy †. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:1445-1452. [PMID: 34287926 DOI: 10.1111/php.13488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) seems to be a promising method in the treatment of larynx tumor tissues. The aim of the present analysis was the study of photosensitizer penetration of larynx tissue associated with the application of PDT in vitro. This study is based on the use of photosensitive compounds Rose Bengal (RB) that selectively accumulate in larynx tissue. The selection of the study group of patients who will undergo surgery in accordance with medical principles was of key importance for the project. Histopathological examination of samples subjected to PDT revealed numerous changes in the morphology of the cancer cells and surrounding tissues. After PDT treatment, the number of tumor cells decreased compared with the cells number before PDT and the arrangement was relatively loose. After PDT with RB the nuclei morphology was incomplete and fragmented. The effects of the applied PDT of larynx in vitro were assessed under an optical microscope. The future directions in larynx tumor PDT with the use of upconversion nanoparticles (UPCNP) is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Łukasz Ożóg
- Medical College of The University of Rzeszow, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Wojciech Domka
- Medical College of The University of Rzeszow, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
| | - David Aebisher
- Medical College of The University of Rzeszow, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
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Molecular characteristics of the photosensitizer TONS504: Comparison of its singlet oxygen quantum yields and photodynamic antimicrobial effect with those of methylene blue. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 221:112239. [PMID: 34116319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
TONS504 (C51H58O5I2) is a chlorin derivative that exhibits a photodynamic antimicrobial effect (PAE) on various infectious keratitis pathogens. However, the molecular characteristics of TONS504 are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the molecular characteristics of TONS504 by comparing its singlet oxygen (1O2) quantum yields and PAE with those of methylene blue (MB). To measure the 1O2 quantum yields, TONS504 and MB were dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline and phosphate-buffered saline containing 1% Triton X-100. The solutions were then activated by a Nd:YAG laser with an average output power of 8 mW. Near-infrared 1O2 luminescence was detected as an indicator of the 1O2 quantum yields. To evaluate the PAE, TONS504 and MB were activated by a light-emitting diode with a total light energy of 30 J/cm2. We compared the minimum molar concentration of each photosensitizer to show apparent PAEs on Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans. TONS504 exhibited higher 1O2 quantum yields than MB in PBS/Triton X-100 but not in PBS. S. aureus and C. albicans were reduced by TONS504 at lower concentrations than by MB, but this was not the case for P. aeruginosa. Our results provide insight on the molecular characteristics of TONS504 and suggest that TONS504 has excellent 1O2 quantum yields and PAE. Compared with MB, TONS504 in PBS has stronger efficacy toward some infectious keratitis pathogens but not others.
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Wang D, Pan H, Yan Y, Zhang F. Rose bengal-mediated photodynamic inactivation against periodontopathogens in vitro. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2021; 34:102250. [PMID: 33711535 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The main goal of periodontal therapy is to eliminate the spread of infection in the periodontium. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) is a bactericidal method that has been recently introduced for controlling periodontal infection. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of aPDT using a combination of medium-power blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and rose bengal (RB) on selected key periodontopathogens. METHODS Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC33277, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans ATCC29523 and Fusobacterium nucleatum ATCC10953 were used in the experiments. Each bacterial suspension was irradiated with a blue LED (BL) (450-470 nm, output power density of 1.2 W/cm2) for 20-60 s (6-18 J/cm2), treated with RB (1 min), or subjected to a combination of RB treatment and BL irradiation (40 s, 12 J/cm2). All bacterial suspensions were serially diluted, plated and incubated anaerobically or microaerobically, and the numbers of colony-forming units (CFUs) were counted on day 7. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's HSD tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS Treatment with BL irradiation from 6 to 18 J/cm2 did not significantly reduce the number of CFUs, whereas treatment with RB alone induced a low-to-high reduction in the bacterial CFUs in a dye concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, the difference in the effects obtained with 16 μg/mL and 160 μg/mL RB was not statistically significant. Treatment with the BL at 12 J/cm2 combined with 160 μg/mL RB yielded maximal log reductions of 3.03, 4.2 and 2.23 in P. gingivalis, A. actinomycetemcomitans and F. nucleatum CFUs, respectively. CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, the three periodontal pathogens, especially A. actinomycetemcomitans, were susceptible to photodynamic inactivation by the combination of the BL and RB. RB-mediated aPDT may offer a viable alternative tool for periodontal pathogen treatment, especially for A. actinomycetemcomitans eradication. aPDT may be a valuable tool for the treatment of periodontal diseases, particularly those in which A. actinomycetemcomitans is a dominating pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqing Wang
- VIP Clinic and Multi-Disciplinary Treatment Center, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomotology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
| | - Hui Pan
- Department of Periodontology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomotology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwei Yan
- Department of Implantology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fengqiu Zhang
- Department of Periodontology, Beijing Stomatological Hospital & School of Stomotology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Patil S, GS V, Baeshen H, Ali Sumayli MA, Saeed AlShahrani MA, Alkhallaf Najmi AI, Jafer MA, Vishwanathaiah S, Khan S. Current trends and future prospects of chemical management of oral biofilms. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2020; 10:660-664. [PMID: 32995256 PMCID: PMC7501456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2020.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral biofilm, a tribulation encountered on a general basis is known to associate and contribute to many oral and systemic diseases. Eradication of these biofilms is a primary step in treatment of the underlying malady. Management of a biofilm is governed by various factors: the microenvironment within a biofilm, bond between the adhered surface and the biofilm, location of the biofilm, access to the biofilm for removal. Though annihilation is the priority, the mode of approach to achieve the same is equally important, because biofilm's heterogenic nature and location govern the strategical treatment required. Literature supports that the consequences of oral biofilms is not restricted to its home ground, but disseminated to other systems of the body. This contemplates us to procure knowledge on its development, structure and progression to aim its eradication. Therefore, this review attempts to recognize the type of biofilm based on location and enumerate all the possible chemical modes of management for the specific type of oral biofilms encountered. In addition, to the traditional strategies prescribed or administered, newer approaches which are gaining popularity due to their ease and efficiency are also addressed. Frontiers in the above field, under investigation and promising in near future are also compiled. Thus, the present review aims to provide a comprehensive elucidation of chemical management of oral biofilms, both the conventional and novel approaches under investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankargouda Patil
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, Division of Oral Pathology, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vidya GS
- Sree NRJV Specialists Dental Clinic, Bangalore, India
| | - Hosam Baeshen
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | - Mohammed Abdurabu Jafer
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Health Promotion Unit, Maastricht University, the Netherlands
| | - Satish Vishwanathaiah
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahrukh Khan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
- Alfred Health Partnership, Melbourne, Australia
- Centre for Rural Health, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
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Felix Gomez GG, Lippert F, Ando M, Zandona AF, Eckert GJ, Gregory RL. Photoinhibition of Streptococcus mutans Biofilm-Induced Lesions in Human Dentin by Violet-Blue Light. Dent J (Basel) 2019; 7:dj7040113. [PMID: 31835833 PMCID: PMC6960986 DOI: 10.3390/dj7040113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This in vitro study determined the effectiveness of violet-blue light on Streptococcus mutans (UA159) biofilm induced dentinal lesions. Biofilm was formed on human dentin specimens in a 96-well microtiter plate and incubated for 13 h in the presence of tryptic soy broth (TSB) or TSB supplemented with 1% sucrose (TSBS). Violet-blue light (405 nm) from quantitative light-induced fluorescence (QLFTM) was used to irradiate the biofilm. Supernatant liquid was removed, and the biofilm was irradiated continuously with QLF for 5 min twice daily with an interval of 6 h for 5 d, except with one treatment on the final day. Colony forming units (CFU) of the treated biofilm, changes in fluorescence (∆F; QLF-Digital BiluminatorTM), lesion depth (L), and integrated mineral loss (∆Z; both transverse microradiography) were quantified at the end of the fifth day. Statistical analysis used analysis of variance (ANOVA), testing at a 5% significance level. In the violet-blue light irradiated groups, there was a significant reduction (p < 0.05) of bacterial viability (CFU) of S. mutans with TSB and TSBS. Violet-blue light irradiation resulted in the reduction of ∆F and L of the dentinal surface with TSBS. These results indicate that violet-blue light has the capacity to reduce S. mutans cell numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Gomez Felix Gomez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
| | - Frank Lippert
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (F.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Masatoshi Ando
- Department of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (F.L.); (M.A.)
| | - Andrea F. Zandona
- Department of Comprehensive Care, Tufts School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA;
| | - George J. Eckert
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Richard L. Gregory
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Comprehensive Care, Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-317-274-9949
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Astuti SD, Mukhammad Y, Duli SAJ, Putra AP, Setiawatie EM, Triyana K. Gas Sensor Array System Properties for Detecting Bacterial Biofilms. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SIGNALS & SENSORS 2019; 9:158-164. [PMID: 31544055 PMCID: PMC6743245 DOI: 10.4103/jmss.jmss_60_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Gas sensor array system is a device that mimics the work of how the nose smells using the gas sensors that could give response toward specific odors. It is used for characterizing the different blended gas that is suited with the biological working nose principle. Thus, it could be used to detect the dental and oral diseases. Periodontitis is one of the diseases caused by the damage on the teeth due to the chronic infection on the gingival structure marked with bacterial plaque and calculus. This study aims to develop an electric nose for odor detection application on the periodontal bacterial biofilm as early detection device for dental and oral disease. Methods: This device is designed as a portable device to ease the data acquisition. The measured data were stored at a database system connected to a real-time computer. A gas array sensor system with six gas sensors (TGS 826, TGS 2602, TGS 2600, TGS 2611, TGS 2612, and TGS 2620) has been assembled for the early detection application for dental and oral disease excreted by the bacterial biofilm that caused dental and oral disease, including Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Streptococcus mutans, and Enterococcus faecalis. Results: TGS 826 and TGS 2602 sensor had the best response showed by the high ADC delta value. Conclusion: GS 826 and TGS 2602 sensor could be used as a candidate for early detection device for dental and oral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryani Dyah Astuti
- Biomedical Engineering, Postgraduate School, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.,Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Yanuar Mukhammad
- Biomedical Engineering, Postgraduate School, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Alfian Pramudita Putra
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Kuwat Triyana
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Kang SM, Jung HI, Kim BI. Susceptibility of oral bacteria to antibacterial photodynamic therapy. J Oral Microbiol 2019; 11:1644111. [PMID: 31448062 PMCID: PMC6691882 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2019.1644111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective methods for managing the oral microbiome are necessary to ensure not only the oral but also the systemic health of a human body. The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity of four photosensitizers (PSs) to blue light in six representative oral bacterial species that cause intraoral diseases. The following six strains were investigated: Actinomyces israelii, Enterococcus faecium, Fusobacterium nucleatum, Lactobacillus gasseri, Streptococcus mutans, Veillonella parvula. PS stock solutions (1 mg/ml) were prepared by dissolving curcumin and protoporphyrin-IX in dimethyl sulfoxide, and resazurin and riboflavin in distilled water. The inoculation of 20 ml of a bacterial suspension cultured for 24 hours was mixed with 1,980 ml of each test solution, and then a light source was placed in front of the mixture. The irradiation wavelength was 405 nm and its applied energy was 25.3 J. The independent-samples t-test and one-way analysis of variance within groups were performed to compare the antibacterial effects in the four PSs. The antibacterial susceptibility when using different PSs and visible blue-light irradiation differed between the bacterial strains. Antibacterial photodynamic therapy that includes light exposure and PSs can be used to control the oral bacteria strains related to oral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Mook Kang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry & Public Oral Health, BK 21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoi-In Jung
- Department of Preventive Dentistry & Public Oral Health, BK 21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Baek-Il Kim
- Department of Preventive Dentistry & Public Oral Health, BK 21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Darmani H, Tawalbeh KH, Al-Hiyasat AS, Al-Akhras MA. Comparison of the Photosensitivity of Biofilms of Different Genera of Cariogenic Bacteria in Tooth Slices. Pol J Microbiol 2019; 67:455-462. [PMID: 30550231 PMCID: PMC7256787 DOI: 10.21307/pjm-2018-053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compared the outcome of photosensitization on the viability of four different cariogens in planktonic form as well as biofilms in human dentine. Photodynamic therapy was carried out with a gallium aluminium arsenide laser (670 nm wavelength) using Toluidine blue O (TBO) as the photosensitizer. Cariogenic bacteria (Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus casei, Streptococcus salivarius and Actinomyces viscosus) were exposed to TBO and then to the laser for 1 minute in planktonic suspension. Then, tooth slices previously incubated for 24 hours with broth cultures of broth culture of the four cariogenic organisms were exposed to antimicrobial photosensitization. The control samples consisted of planktonic and sessile cells that were exposed to TBO alone, laser alone and the bacterial cells that were not treated with TBO or laser. The results showed significant reductions in the viability of S. mutans, L. casei and A. viscosus in both planktonic form (to 13%, 30%, and 55%, respectively) and sessile form hosted in dentinal tubules (to 19%, 13% and 52%, respectively), relative to the controls. S. salivarius was the least affected in planktonic (94% viability) and sessile form (86% viability). In conclusion, sensitivity to photosensitization is species-dependent and sessile biofilm cells are affected to the same extent as their planktonic counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Homa Darmani
- Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
| | - Khitam H Tawalbeh
- Department of Biology, College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences , Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad S Al-Hiyasat
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
| | - Mohammad-Ali Al-Akhras
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Arts, Jordan University of Science and Technology , Irbid , Jordan
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12
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Kim HS, Cha EJ, Kang HJ, Park JH, Lee J, Park HD. Antibacterial application of covalently immobilized photosensitizers on a surface. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 172:34-42. [PMID: 30769187 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Singlet oxygen produced by irradiating photosensitizers (PSs) can be used to kill pathogens during water treatment. Chemical immobilization of the PSs on surfaces can maintain their disinfection function long-term. In this study, two model PSs (rose bengal (RB) and hematoporphyrin (HP)) were immobilized on a glass surface using a silane coupling agent with an epoxide group, and their antibacterial properties were analyzed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy demonstrated that a covalent bond formed between the epoxide group and hydroxyl group in the PSs. A large proportion of the immobilized PSs (approximately 50%) was active in singlet oxygen production, which was evidenced by a comparative analysis with free PSs. RB was more effective at producing singlet oxygen than HP. The immobilized PSs were durable in terms of repeated use. On the other hand, singlet oxygen produced by the PSs was effective at killing bacteria, mostly for Gram-positive bacteria (> 90% death for 2 h of irradiation), by damaging the cell membrane. The preferable antibacterial property against Gram-positive bacteria compared with that against Gram-negative bacteria suggested efficient penetrability of singlet oxygen across the cell membrane, which led to cell death. Taken together, it was concluded that immobilization of PSs on surfaces using the silane coupling agent proposed in this study was effective at killing Gram-positive bacteria by forming singlet oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Shin Kim
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Ji Cha
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Kang
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Hoon Park
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaesang Lee
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hee-Deung Park
- School of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.
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Shiotsu-Ogura Y, Yoshida A, Kan P, Sasaki H, Toyama T, Izukuri K, Hamada N, Yoshino F. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy using a plaque disclosing solution on Streptococcus mutans. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 26:252-257. [PMID: 30951867 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Photodynamic therapy with a bactericidal action is called antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT),which is a method of staining an object with a photosensitizing dye and then sterilizing by irradiating the dye at it's excitation wavelength. In this study, we aimed to investigate a caries pathogenic bactericidal method in a site difficult to mechanically remove, by examining aPDT effect on Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), which is a typical caries pathogenic bacteria by applying the plaque disclosing solution as photosensitizing dye. METHODS The absorption wavelength spectrum of irradiating plaque staining agent phloxine B (PB) was analyzed using UV-vis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by photo excitation with blue LED irradiation was measured by electron spin resonance technique. S. mutans was cultured according to a conventional method and the effect of aPDT after PB staining was evaluated by a Colony Forming Unit (CFU). In addition, protein carbonyl (PC), an oxidative stress marker, was also measured by western blotting. RESULTS Singlet oxygen was generated by PB with blue light. As a result of aPDT treatment on S. mutans under this condition, it was recognized that CFU was suppressed dependent on irradiation intensity of blue light. In addition, the expression of PC was enhanced by aPDT. CONCLUSIONS aPDT is demonstrated by staining S. mutans with PB and irradiating blue light used for resin polymerization and tooth bleaching to generate ROS. Therefore, plaque-disclosing solution-based aPDT against S. mutans might represent a new method for cleaning pit and fissure grooves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukako Shiotsu-Ogura
- Division of Photomedical Dentistry, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan
| | - Ayaka Yoshida
- Division of Photomedical Dentistry, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan
| | - Powen Kan
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Oral Interdisciplinary Medicine, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan
| | - Haruka Sasaki
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan
| | - Toshizo Toyama
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Izukuri
- Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan
| | - Nobushiro Hamada
- Division of Microbiology, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Yoshino
- Division of Photomedical Dentistry, Department of Oral Science, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kanagawa Dental University, 82 Inaoka-cho, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 238-8580, Japan.
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Effects of antibacterial photodynamic therapy on salivary mutans streptococci in 5- to 6-year-olds with severe early childhood caries. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 34:433-440. [PMID: 30311085 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2650-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Antibacterial photodynamic therapy (A-PDT) has been shown to kill oral bacteria in the planktonic culture, dental plaque, and biofilm. This study sought to assess the antimicrobial effect of A-PDT with toluidine blue O (TBO) and diode laser on salivary mutans streptococci in 5-6-year-olds with severe early childhood caries (SECC). This case-control study was conducted on 56 children with SECC divided into four groups, namely 0.1 mg/mL TBO, diode laser (633 nm, 20 mW, 6 J/cm2), combination of the two, and no intervention control group. A-PDT was performed on days 1 and 3. Salivary samples were collected before and after A-PDT on days 1 and 3, and 1 and 2 weeks after the second intervention (day 3). Samples were cultured on mitis salivarius agar, and after incubation, the colonies were counted. Data were subjected to repeated measures ANOVA, ANCOVA, and paired comparisons with least square difference and Tukey's test. Bacterial count significantly decreased on days 1 and 3, and 1 and 2 weeks after the second intervention. Bacterial count also decreased following the use of TBO and laser separately, but these reductions were not significant (P > 0.05). Within the limitations of this study, antimicrobial efficacy of TBO + laser was higher than that of diode laser or TBO alone. Durability of treatment increased with double-dose therapy. This modality may be used to decrease the colony count of salivary mutans streptococci in children with SECC.
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Enzyme-mediated photoinactivation of Enterococcus faecalis using Rose Bengal-acetate. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 179:84-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Gao Y, Mai B, Wang A, Li M, Wang X, Zhang K, Liu Q, Wei S, Wang P. Antimicrobial properties of a new type of photosensitizer derived from phthalocyanine against planktonic and biofilm forms of Staphylococcus aureus. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2018; 21:316-326. [PMID: 29307772 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2018.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 10/22/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacterial infection is a common clinical problem. Community-associated Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infections can cause extensive tissue damage and necrosis. Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) has recently attracted attention as a feasible bacterial therapy. Octa-cationic zinc phthalocyanines are newly identified photosensitizers derived from phthalocyanines bearing 1, 2-ethanediamine groups and quaternized derivatives with different numbers of positive charges (ZnPcn+, n = 4 or 8). Here we report the antimicrobial effects of ZnPcn+-mediated PACT on planktonic and biofilm cultures of S. aureus. METHODS ZnPcn+ uptake was detected by photometry after alkaline lysis. Dark-toxicity and light-mediated antimicrobial effects of the drug was determined by the plate count method. The production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) was detected by flow cytometry. SYTO 9 and propidium iodide (PI) were used to detect the bacterial cell membrane permeability. DNA damage after ZnPcn+-PACT was analyzed by flow cytometry and PI staining. The destruction of biofilm was evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM). RESULTS The study of uptake showed that the relative fluorescence intensity of ZnPcn+ in S. aureus peaked at 15 min. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by ZnPcn+ was enhanced in PACT treatment groups. SYTO 9 and PI staining indicated that cell membrane was damaged. Flow cytometry and PI staining revealed DNA damage. Biofilms were damaged in PACT treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that light-activated ZnPcn+ can efficiently inhibit planktonic and biofilm cultures of S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiru Gao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bingjie Mai
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ao Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Wenyuan Road No.1, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaobing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Quanhong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaohua Wei
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, Nanjing Normal University, Wenyuan Road No.1, Nanjing, 210046, China.
| | - Pan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Resources and Natural Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Ministry of Education, National Engineering Laboratory for Resource Developing of Endangered Chinese Crude Drugs in Northwest of China, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, Shaanxi, China.
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Occhi-Alexandre IGP, Baesso ML, Sato F, de Castro-Hoshino LV, Rosalen PL, Terada RSS, Neto AM, Fujimaki M. Evaluation of photosensitizer penetration into sound and decayed dentin: A photoacoustic spectroscopy study. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 21:108-114. [PMID: 29170013 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Revised: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 11/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy (PDT) may have topical indications. In those cases it is important for a topical photosensitizer to penetrate into the tissue to which it has been applied. This study aimed to compare the penetration of two different concentrations of erythrosine into intact and in vitro decayed dentin samples. METHODS This in vitro study evaluated erythrosine (0.3 and 5%) penetration into sound (intact) and decayed dentin. A total of 11 dentin discs were prepared and divided into two equal halves, in order to keep one half sound while the other half was submitted to sterilization and an in vitro demineralization model for 5 days. Before erythrosine application, the organic and inorganic composition of all samples was evaluated by Fourier Transform Raman spectroscopy, and after erythrosine application for 30 min, the penetration depth was determined by Photoacoustic spectroscopy technique. RESULTS The results indicated that 0.3% erythrosine showed a higher penetration depth into sound dentin (p = 0.002); and 5% erythrosine higher penetration into decayed dentin (p < 0.001). However considering clinical parameters, no statistically significant difference was found between any of the conditions tested. CONCLUSIONS Erythrosine demonstrated ability to penetrate into dentin, irrespective of sound or decayed condition. Photoacoustic spectroscopy can be considered a method for estimating the penetration into hard tissues, and in conjunction with Raman spectroscopy, these are effective methods for evaluating the spectral response of dentin. Considering that erythrosine is capable of penetrating into decayed dentin, clinical trials are needed to test the effectiveness of this photosensitizer in Photodynamic therapy and Antimicrobial Photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mauro Luciano Baesso
- Physics Department, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790 - Jardim Universitário, Maringá, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Francielle Sato
- Physics Department, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790 - Jardim Universitário, Maringá, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Luiz Rosalen
- Physiological Sciences Department, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, University of Campinas, Avenida Limeira, 901 - Bairro Areião, Piracicaba, SP, CEP 13414-903, Brazil
| | - Raquel Sano Suga Terada
- Dentistry Department, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790 - Jardim Universitário, Maringá, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Antonio Medina Neto
- Physics Department, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790 - Jardim Universitário, Maringá, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Mitsue Fujimaki
- Dentistry Department, State University of Maringá, Avenida Colombo, 5790 - Jardim Universitário, Maringá, PR, CEP 87020-900, Brazil.
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Lee HJ, Kang SM, Jeong SH, Chung KH, Kim BI. Antibacterial photodynamic therapy with curcumin and Curcuma xanthorrhiza extract against Streptococcus mutans. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2017; 20:116-119. [PMID: 28890211 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacteria are becoming increasingly resistant to conventional antibacterial chemotherapy. This has prompted the application of antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) in bacteria-related diseases due to its excellent biocide effects. However, few studies have attempted to develop a novel photosensitizer based on natural components. The aim of the present study was to compare the aPDT effects of curcumin and Curcuma xanthorrhiza extract (CXE) against Streptococcus mutans. METHODS A planktonic suspension containing an S. mutans strain was treated in three separate groups: aPDT with curcumin, CXE, and a mixture of curcumin and CXE (ratio= 1:1) at concentrations of 0, 10, 102, 103, and 104ng/ml. Light irradiation with a center wavelength of 405nm was applied using an LED (power density of 84.5mW for 300s at an energy density of 25.3J/cm2). The phototoxicity of photosensitizers against S. mutans was investigated using a colony-forming-unit assay. Percentage logarithmic reductions [log10(CFU/ml) values] were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey test (p<0.05) and Student's independent t-test. RESULTS The viability of S. mutans in the presence of curcumin, CXE, and a mixture of these two components was substantially reduced during irradiation with 405nm light. The phototoxicity of the photosensitizer varied with its solubility and concentration. CONCLUSION These preliminary in vitro findings imply that combining curcumin and CXE with a 405nm LED may be a novel method of applying aPDT. This could be advantageous in preventing and treating dental caries using devices that are readily available in clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Jung Lee
- Department of Preventive Dentistry & Public Oral Health, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Si-Mook Kang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry & Public Oral Health, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seung-Hwa Jeong
- Department of Preventice and Community Dentistry, School of dentistry, Pusan National University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki-Ho Chung
- Department of Preventive Dentistry & Public Oral Health, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Baek-Il Kim
- Department of Preventive Dentistry & Public Oral Health, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; BK21 PLUS Project, Oral Science Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-Gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
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Sebrão CCN, Bezerra AG, de França PHC, Ferreira LE, Westphalen VPD. Comparison of the Efficiency of Rose Bengal and Methylene Blue as Photosensitizers in Photodynamic Therapy Techniques forEnterococcus faecalisInactivation. Photomed Laser Surg 2017; 35:18-23. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2015.3995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Leslie Ecker Ferreira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Joinville Region (Univille), Joinville, Brazil
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Photodynamic Efficiency of Xanthene Dyes and Their Phototoxicity against a Carcinoma Cell Line: A Computational and Experimental Study. J CHEM-NY 2017. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/7365263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to assess the insights of molecular properties of the xanthene dyes [fluorescein (FL), Rose Bengal (RB), erythrosin B (EB), and eosin Y (EY)] to correlate systematically their photodynamic efficiency as well as their phototoxicity against a carcinoma cell line. The phototoxicity was evaluated by comparing the values of the medium inhibitory concentration (IC50) upon HEp-2 cells with the xanthene corresponding photodynamic activity using the uric acid as a chemical dosimeter and their octanol-water partition coefficient (logP). RB was the more cytotoxic dye against HEp-2 cell line and the most efficient photosensitizer in causing photoxidation of uric acid; nevertheless it was the only one characterized as being hydrophobic among the xanthenes studied here. On the other hand, it was observed that the halogen substituents increased the hydrophilicity and photodynamic activity, consistent with the cytotoxic experiments. Furthermore, the reactivity index parameters, electric dipole moment, molecular volume, and the frontier orbitals were also obtained by the Density Functional Theory (DFT). The lowest dipole moment and highest molecular volume of RB corroborate with its highest hydrophobicity due to heavy atom substituents like halogens, while the halogen substituents did not affect expressively the electronic features at all.
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Streptococcus mutans photoinactivation using a combination of a high potency photopolymerizer and rose bengal. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2016; 15:11-2. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 04/30/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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de Oliveira PGFP, Silveira e Souza AMM, Novaes AB, Taba M, Messora MR, Palioto DB, Grisi MFM, Tedesco AC, de Souza SLS. Adjunctive effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy in induced periodontal disease. Animal study with histomorphometrical, immunohistochemical, and cytokine evaluation. Lasers Med Sci 2016; 31:1275-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-016-1960-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Rose bengal uptake by E. faecalis and F. nucleatum and light-mediated antibacterial activity measured by flow cytometry. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2016; 162:258-265. [PMID: 27394008 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2016.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Antibacterial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) using rose bengal (RB) and blue-light kills bacteria through the production of reactive oxygen derivates. However, the interaction mechanism of RB with bacterial cells remains unclear. This study investigated the uptake efficiency and the antibacterial activity of blue light-activated RB against Enterococcus faecalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum. Spectrophotometry and epifluorescence microscopy were used to evaluate binding of RB to bacteria. The antibacterial activity of RB after various irradiation times was assessed by flow cytometry in combination with cell sorting. Uptake of RB increased in a concentration dependent manner in both strains although E. faecalis displayed higher uptake values. RB appeared to bind specific sites located at the cellular poles of E. faecalis and at regular intervals along F. nucleatum. Blue-light irradiation of samples incubated with RB significantly reduced bacterial viability. After incubation with 10μM RB and 240s irradiation, only 0.01% (±0.01%) of E. faecalis cells and 0.03% (±0.03%) of F. nucleatum survived after treatment. This study indicated that RB can bind to E. faecalis and F. nucleatum in a sufficient amount to elicit effective aPDT. Epifluorescence microscopy showed a yet-unreported property of RB binding to bacterial membranes. Flow cytometry allowed the detection of bacteria with damaged membranes that were unable to form colonies on agars after cell sorting.
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Deng X, Tang S, Wu Q, Tian J, Riley WW, Chen Z. Inactivation of Vibrio parahaemolyticus by antimicrobial photodynamic technology using methylene blue. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2016; 96:1601-1608. [PMID: 25989459 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading causative pathogen of gastroenteritis often related to contaminated seafood. Photodynamic inactivation has been recently proposed as a strategy for killing cells and viruses. The objective of this study was to verify the bactericidal effects caused by photodynamic inactivation using methylene blue (MB) over V. parahaemolyticus via flow cytometry, agarose gel electrophoresis and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Vibrio parahaemolyticus counts were determined using the most probable number method. A scanning electron microscope and a transmission electron microscope were employed to intuitively analyze internal and external cell structure. RESULTS Combination of MB and laser treatment significantly inhibited the growth of V. parahaemolyticus. The inactivation rate of V. parahaemolyticus was >99.99% and its counts were reduced by 5 log10 in the presence of 0.05 mg mL(-1) MB when illuminated with visible light (power density 200 mW cm(-2)) for 25 min. All inactivated cells showed morphological changes, leakage of cytoplasm and degradation of protein and DNA. CONCLUSION Results from this study indicated that photodynamic technology using MB produced significant inactivation of V. parahaemolyticus mainly brought about by the degradation of protein and DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Deng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Shuze Tang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Juan Tian
- Department of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - William W Riley
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Zhenqiang Chen
- Department of Photoelectrical Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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Araújo PV, Correia-Silva JDF, Gomez RS, Massara MDLDA, Cortes ME, Poletto LTDA. Antimicrobial effect of photodynamic therapy in carious lesions in vivo, using culture and real-time PCR methods. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2015; 12:401-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2015.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: A promise candidate for caries lesions treatment. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2015; 12:511-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Marinic K, Manoil D, Filieri A, Wataha JC, Schrenzel J, Lange N, Bouillaguet S. Repeated exposures to blue light-activated eosin Y enhance inactivation of E. faecalis biofilms, in vitro. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2015; 12:393-400. [PMID: 26188278 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2015.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In dentistry, antibacterial photodynamic therapy (a-PDT) has shown promising results for inactivating bacterial biofilms causing carious, endodontic and periodontal diseases. In the current study, we assessed the ability of eosin Y exposed to 3 irradiation protocols at inactivating Enterococcus faecalis biofilms, in vitro. METHODS E. faecalis biofilms formed on hydroxyapatite disks were incubated with eosin Y (10-80μM), then activated with blue light using different irradiation protocols. Biofilms exposed to continuous exposure were incubated for 40min before being light-activated for 960 s. For the intermittent exposure, biofilms were exposed 4 times to the light/photosensitizer combination (960 s total) without renewing the photosensitizer. For repeated a-PDT, the same light dose was delivered in a series of 4 irradiation periods separated by dark periods; fresh photosensitizer was added between each light irradiation. After treatment, bacteria were immediately labeled with LIVE/DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability kit and viability was assessed by flow cytometry (FCM). Results were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparison intervals (α=0.05). RESULTS The viability of E. faecalis biofilms exposed to 10μM eosin Y, was significantly reduced compared to controls (light only-eosin Y only). After a second exposure to blue light-activated eosin Y, viability significantly decreased from 58% to 12% whereas 6.5% of the bacterial biofilm remained live after a third exposure (p<0.05). Only 3.5% of the bacterial population survived after the fourth exposure. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that blue light-activated eosin Y can photoinactivate E. faecalis biofilms grown on hydroxyapatite disks. Also, repeated exposures to blue light-activated eosin Y were shown to significantly improve efficacy. Further studies seem warranted to optimize the antibacterial activity of blue light-activated eosin Y on major oral pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karlo Marinic
- Endodontics Unit, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Manoil
- Endodontics Unit, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Anna Filieri
- Endodontics Unit, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - John C Wataha
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Jacques Schrenzel
- Service of Infectious Diseases, University Hospitals of Geneva, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Norbert Lange
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Serge Bouillaguet
- Endodontics Unit, Section of Dental Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Taşkın GC, Durmuş M, Yüksel F, Mantareva V, Kussovski V, Angelov I, Atilla D. Axially paraben substituted silicon(IV) phthalocyanines towards dental pathogen Streptococcus mutans: Synthesis, photophysical, photochemical and in vitro properties. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2015.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Paschoal MA, Dantas TCB, Duarte S. Photodynamic and Tissue Tolerable Plasma Therapies as Alternatives to Antimicrobials to Control Pathogenic Biofilms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40496-014-0043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Tonon CC, Paschoal MA, Correia M, Spolidório DMP, Bagnato VS, Giusti JSM, Santos-Pinto L. Comparative effects of photodynamic therapy mediated by curcumin on standard and clinical isolate of Streptococcus mutans. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015; 16:1-6. [PMID: 25876942 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was investigate the effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using curcumin (C) as a photosensitizing agent irradiated with an LED (L) in the blue wavelength as a light source on a standard and clinical isolate of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) in a planktonic suspension model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Suspensions of both strains were divided into 4 groups as follows: absence of C and L (control group: C-L-), with C and without L (C group: C+L-), absence of C with L (L group: C-L+) and presence of C and L (PDT group: C+L+). Three different concentrations of curcumin (0.75 mg/ml, 1.5 mg/ml and 3 mg/ml) and three light fluences of studied light source (24, 48 and 72 J cm(-2)) were tested. Aliquots of each studied group was plated in BHI agar and submitted to colony forming units counting (CFU/ml) and the data transformed into logarithmical scale. RESULTS A high photoinactivation rate of more than 70% was verified to standard S. mutans strain submitted to PDT whereas the clinical isolate showed a lower sensitivity to all the associations of curcumin and LED. A slight bacterial reduction was verified to C+L- and C-L+, demonstrating no toxic effects to the isolated application of light and photosensitizer to both S. mutans strains tested. CONCLUSION Photodynamic therapy using a combination of curcumin and blue LED presented a substantial antimicrobial effect on S. mutans standard strain in a planktonic suspension model with a less pronounced effect on its clinical isolate counterparts due to resistance to this alternative approach. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Alternative antimicrobial approaches, as photodynamic therapy, should be encouraged due to optimal results against cariogenic bacteria aiming to prevent or treat dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline C Tonon
- Araraquara Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marilia Correia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Denise M P Spolidório
- Department of Pathology and Physiology, Araraquara Dental School, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanderlei S Bagnato
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juçaíra S M Giusti
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lourdes Santos-Pinto
- PhD, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School Universidade Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil, Rua Humaité, 1680 Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil Phone: 55 16 33016330, Fax: 55 16 33016328, e-mail:
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Diniz IMA, Teixeira KIR, Araújo PV, Araújo MSS, Marques MM, Poletto LTDA, Cortés ME. Evaluation of antibacterial photodynamic therapy effects on human dental pulp cell cultures. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2014; 11:300-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2014.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 03/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Percival SL, Suleman L, Francolini I, Donelli G. The effectiveness of photodynamic therapy on planktonic cells and biofilms and its role in wound healing. Future Microbiol 2014; 9:1083-94. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb.14.59] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is the application of a photoactive dye followed by irradiation that leads to the death of microbial cells in the presence of oxygen. Its use for controlling biofilms has been documented in many areas, particularly oral care. However, the potential use of PDT in the treatment of chronic wound-associated microbial biofilms has sparked much interest in the field of wound care. The aim of this article is to provide an overview on the effectiveness of PDT on in vitro and in vivo biofilms, their potential application in both the prevention and management of wound biofilm infections and their prospective role in the enhancement of wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven L Percival
- Surface Science Research Centre, University of Liverpool, Liverpool. UK
- Institute of Ageing & Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool. UK
| | - Louise Suleman
- Institute of Ageing & Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool. UK
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Flow cytometric assessment of Streptococcus mutans viability after exposure to blue light-activated curcumin. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2014; 11:372-9. [PMID: 24973577 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Streptococcus mutans biofilms are considered as primary causative agents of dental caries. Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) has been recently proposed as a strategy for inactivating dental biofilms. This study aimed to investigate the effect of blue light-activated curcumin on S. mutans viability and to explore its potential as a new anti-caries therapeutic agent. The effect of different concentrations and incubation times of photo-activated curcumin on the survival of S. mutans in planktonic and biofilm models of growth was assessed by flow cytometry. METHODS Streptococcus mutans in planktonic suspensions or biofilms formed on hydroxyapatite disks were incubated for 5 or 10min with curcumin prior to blue light activation. Bacteria were labeled with SYTO 9 and propidium iodide before viability was assessed by flow cytometry. Results were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparison intervals (α=0.05). RESULTS For planktonic cultures, 0.2μM of light-activated curcumin significantly reduced S. mutans viability (p<0.05). For biofilm cultures, light-activated curcumin at concentration of 40-60μM only suppressed viability by 50% (p<0.05). Independently of the mode of growth, incubation time has no significant effect on PACT efficiency. CONCLUSION This study indicates that blue light-activated curcumin can efficiently inactivate planktonic cultures of S. mutans whereas biofilms were more resistant to treatment. Flow cytometry allowed the detection of bacteria with damaged membranes that were unable to replicate and grow after cell sorting. Further studies seem warranted to optimize the efficacy of light-activated curcumin against S. mutans biofilms.
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Bulit F, Grad I, Manoil D, Simon S, Wataha JC, Filieri A, Feki A, Schrenzel J, Lange N, Bouillaguet S. Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of 3 Photosensitizers Activated with Blue Light. J Endod 2014; 40:427-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy on Streptococcus mutans using curcumin and toluidine blue activated by a novel LED device. Lasers Med Sci 2013; 30:885-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-013-1492-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Savadi Oskoee S, Alizadeh Oskoee P, Jafari Navimipour E, Ahmad Ajami A, Pournaghi Azar F, Rikhtegaran S, Amini M. Comparison of the Effect of Nd:YAG and Diode Lasers and Photodynamic Therapy on Microleakage of Class V Composite Resin Restorations. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2013; 7:74-80. [PMID: 23875084 PMCID: PMC3713864 DOI: 10.5681/joddd.2013.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2012] [Accepted: 04/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims Considering the importance of disinfecting dentin after cavity preparation and the possible effect of disinfection methods on induction of various reactions between the tooth structure and the adhesive restorative material, the aim of the present study was to evaluate microleakage of composite resin restorations after disinfecting the prepared dentin surface with Nd:YAG and Diode lasers and photodynamic therapy.
Materials and methods Standard Class V cavities were prepared on buccal surfaces of 96 sound bovine teeth. The samples were randomly divided into 4 groups based on the disinfection method: Group 1: Nd:YAG laser; Group 2: Diode laser; Group 3: photodynamic therapy; and Group 4: the control. Self-etch bonding agent (Clearfil SE Bond) was applied and all the cavities were restored with composite resin (Z100). After thermocycling and immersing in 0.5% basic fuchsin, the samples were prepared for microleakage evaluation under a stereomicroscope. Data was analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests at P<0.05.
Results There were no significant differences in the microleakage of occlusal and gingival margins between the study groups (P>0.05). There were no significant differences in microleakage between the occlusal and gingival margins in the Nd:YAG laser group (P>0.05). In the other groups, microleakage at gingival margins was significantly higher than that at the occlusal margins (P<0.05).
Conclusion Nd:YAG and Diode lasers and photodynamic therapy can be used to disinfect cavity preparations before composite resin restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siavash Savadi Oskoee
- Professor, Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Pileggi G, Wataha JC, Girard M, Grad I, Schrenzel J, Lange N, Bouillaguet S. Blue light-mediated inactivation of Enterococcus faecalis in vitro. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2013; 10:134-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2012.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 11/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Paschoal MA, Tonon CC, Spolidório DMP, Bagnato VS, Giusti JSM, Santos-Pinto L. Photodynamic potential of curcumin and blue LED against Streptococcus mutans in a planktonic culture. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2013; 10:313-9. [PMID: 23993858 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2013.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2012] [Revised: 02/03/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves the use of light of specific wavelength to activate a nontoxic photosensitizing agent or dye in the presence of oxygen for eradication of target cells. In dentistry, this therapy is used to suppress the growth of microorganisms involved directly with dental decay and periodontitis process. There are evidences that curcumin dye is able to control microbial activity when illuminated with specific wavelength. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro efficacy of PDT using curcumin dye (Cur-C) in combination with a blue LED (L) device on a planktonic model of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). METHODS Suspensions (0.5 mL) containing S. mutans at 1×10(7)CFU mL(-1) were prepared and divided into 4 groups: Group C-L- (control: no treatment and 1 experimental condition), Group C+L- (curcumin at 3 different concentrations: 2000; 4000 and 8000 μM and 3 experimental conditions), Group C-L+ (LED at 3 different dosages: 24, 48 and 72 Jcm(-2) and 3 experimental conditions), and Group C+L+ (PDT group: curcumin at respective concentrations combined to LED dosages and 9 experimental conditions). Samples of each experimental condition were cultured in Petri dishes of BHI agar. Incubation in micro-aerophilia at 37°C for 48 h was performed for subsequent visual counting of CFU/mL. Data were transformed into log10 and analyzed by two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test at p<0.05. RESULTS Group C+L+, in specific experimental conditions, demonstrated a log bacterial reduction 70% higher than Group C-L-. Both groups C-L+ and C+L- presented a slight decrease in log bacterial counting. CONCLUSION This in vitro method was able to reduce the number of S. mutans in a planktonic suspension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Aurelio Paschoal
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SP 14801-903, Brazil.
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Melo MASD, Rolim JPML, Zanin ICJ, Barros EB, da–Costa EF, Rodrigues LKA. Characterization of Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy-TreatedStreptococci mutans: An Atomic Force Microscopy Study. Photomed Laser Surg 2013; 31:105-9. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2012.3377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Anne Sampaio de Melo
- Post-graduation Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | | | - Iriana Carla Junqueira Zanin
- Post-graduation Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Bede Barros
- Physics Department, Program of Post-graduate Studies in Physics, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Erivelton Façanha da–Costa
- Physics Department, Program of Post-graduate Studies in Physics, Campus do Pici, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
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Yao N, Zhang C, Chu C. Effectiveness of Photoactivated Disinfection (PAD) to Kill Enterococcus faecalis in Planktonic Solution and in an Infected Tooth Model. Photomed Laser Surg 2012; 30:699-704. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2011.3216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Na Yao
- The Second Dental Center, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology Beijing, China
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chunhung Chu
- Oral Diagnosis and Polyclinic, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Photodynamic therapy in dentistry: a literature review. Clin Oral Investig 2012; 17:1113-25. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-012-0845-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Teixeira A, Pereira E, Rodrigues L, Saxena D, Duarte S, Zanin I. Effect of Photodynamic Antimicrobial Chemotherapy on in vitro and in situ Biofilms. Caries Res 2012; 46:549-54. [DOI: 10.1159/000341190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Pereira CA, Costa ACBP, Carreira CM, Junqueira JC, Jorge AOC. Photodynamic inactivation of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis biofilms in vitro. Lasers Med Sci 2012; 28:859-64. [PMID: 22847685 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-012-1175-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate specific effects of photodynamic inactivation (PDI) using erythrosine (ER) and Rose Bengal (RB) photosensitizers and a blue light-emitting diode (LED) on the viability of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sanguinis biofilms. Biofilms were grown in acrylic disks immersed in broth to production of biofilms, inoculated with microbial suspension (10(6) cells/mL) and incubated for 48 h. After the formation of biofilms, the effects of the photosensitizers ER and RB at a concentration of 5 μM for 5 min and blue LED (455 ± 20 nm) for 180 s, photosensitizers alone and conjugated were evaluated. Next, the disks were placed in tubes with sterile physiological solution (0.9 % sodium chloride) and sonicated for to disperse the biofilms. Tenfold serial dilutions were carried and aliquots seeded in brain heart infusion agar which were then incubated for 48 h. Then the numbers colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL; log10) were counted and analyzed statistically (ANOVA, Tukey test, P ≤ 0.05). Significant decreases in the viability of all microorganisms were observed for biofilms exposed to PDI mediated by both photosensitizers. The reductions with RB and ER were, 0.62 and 0.52 log10 CFU mL(-1) for S. mutans biofilms (p=0.001), and 0.95 and 0.88 log10 CFU mL(-1) for S. sanguinis biofilms (p=0.001), respectively. The results showed that biofilms formed in vitro by S. mutans and S. sanguinis, were sensitive to PDI using a blue LED associated with photosensitizers ER or RB, indicating its use in the control of caries and periodontal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Aparecida Pereira
- Department of Biosciences and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry of São José dos Campos, Univ Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Francisco José Longo 777, São Dimas, São José dos Campos, 12245-000, SP, Brazil.
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Nagata JY, Hioka N, Kimura E, Batistela VR, Terada RSS, Graciano AX, Baesso ML, Hayacibara MF. Antibacterial photodynamic therapy for dental caries: Evaluation of the photosensitizers used and light source properties. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2012; 9:122-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2011.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Revised: 11/19/2011] [Accepted: 11/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Susceptibility of Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis to erythrosine- and LED-mediated photodynamic therapy. Arch Oral Biol 2011; 56:1299-305. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2011.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2011] [Revised: 05/03/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Rolim JPML, de-Melo MAS, Guedes SF, Albuquerque-Filho FB, de Souza JR, Nogueira NAP, Zanin ICJ, Rodrigues LKA. The antimicrobial activity of photodynamic therapy against Streptococcus mutans using different photosensitizers. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2011; 106:40-6. [PMID: 22070899 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2011] [Revised: 09/24/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Several photosensitizers have been used against oral bacteria without standardization. Singlet oxygen ((1)O(2)) is an aggressive chemical species that can kill cells through apoptosis or necrosis. OBJECTIVE to compare the antimicrobial activity of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with different photosensitizers at the same concentration against Streptococcus mutans. In addition, the (1)O(2) production of each photosensitizer was determined. The photosensitizers (163.5 μM) methylene blue (MB), toluidine blue ortho (TBO) and malachite green (MG) were activated with a light-emitting diode (LED; λ=636 nm), while eosin (EOS), erythrosine (ERI) and rose bengal (RB) were irradiated with a curing light (λ=570 nm). Light sources were operated at 24 J cm(-2). For each photosensitizer, 40 randomized assays (n=10 per condition) were performed under one of the following experimental conditions: no light irradiation or photosensitizer, irradiation only, photosensitizer only or irradiation in the presence of a photosensitizer. After treatment, serial dilutions of S. mutans were seeded onto brain heart infusion agar to determine viability in colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU mL(-1)). Generation of (1)O(2) was analyzed by tryptophan photooxidation, and the decay constant was estimated. Results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and the Tukey-Kramer test (p<0.05). PDT with irradiation in the presence of the photosensitizers TBO and MG was effective in reducing S. mutans counts by 3 and 1.4 logs, respectively (p<0.01), compared to their respective untreated controls. MB generated 1.3 times more (1)O(2) than TBO, and both produced significantly higher concentrations of singlet oxygen than the other photosensitizers. Since in vitro bulk (1)O(2) production does not indicate that (1)O(2) was generated in the bacterial activity site, the bactericidal action against S. mutans cannot be related to in vitro singlet O(2) generation rate. In vitroS. mutans-experiments demonstrated TBO as the only photosensitizer that effectively reduced 99.9% of these microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana P M L Rolim
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Department of Operative Dentistry, Rua Cap. Francisco Pedro, S/N, Rodolfo Teófilo, 60430-170 Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Guglielmi CDAB, Simionato MRL, Ramalho KM, Imparato JCP, Pinheiro SL, Luz MAAC. Clinical use of photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy for the treatment of deep carious lesions. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2011; 16:088003. [PMID: 21895343 DOI: 10.1117/1.3611009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) via irradiation, using a low power laser associated with a photosensitization dye, as an alternative to remove cariogenic microorganisms by drilling. Remaining dentinal samples in deep carious lesions on permanent molars (n = 26) were treated with 0.01% methylene blue dye and irradiated with a low power laser (InGaAIP - indium gallium aluminum phosphide; λ = 660 nm; 100 mW; 320 Jcm(-2); 90 s; 9J). Samples of dentin from the pulpal wall region were collected with a micropunch before and immediately after PACT and kept in a transport medium for microbiological analysis. Samples were cultured in plates of Brucella blood agar, Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin agar and Rogosa SL agar to determine the total viable bacteria, mutans streptococci and Lactobacillus spp. counts, respectively. After incubation, colony-forming units were counted and microbial reduction was calculated for each group of bacteria. PACT led to statistically significant reductions in mutans streptococci (1.38 log), Lactobacillus spp. (0.93 log), and total viable bacteria (0.91 log). This therapy may be an appropriate approach for the treatment of deep carious lesions using minimally invasive procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila de Almeida B Guglielmi
- University of São Paulo, Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Av Lineu Prestes, 2227-05508-000 São Paulo SP, Brazil.
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Costa ACBP, Rasteiro VMC, Pereira CA, Rossoni RD, Junqueira JC, Jorge AOC. The effects of rose bengal- and erythrosine-mediated photodynamic therapy on Candida albicans. Mycoses 2011; 55:56-63. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2011.02042.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ribeiro DG, Pavarina AC, Dovigo LN, de Oliveira Mima EG, Machado AL, Bagnato VS, Vergani CE. Photodynamic inactivation of microorganisms present on complete dentures. A clinical investigation. Lasers Med Sci 2011; 27:161-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-011-0912-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 03/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Fekrazad R, Bargrizan M, Sajadi S, Sajadi S. Evaluation of the effect of photoactivated disinfection with Radachlorin(®) against Streptococcus mutans (an in vitro study). Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2011; 8:249-53. [PMID: 21864798 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2011.03.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2010] [Revised: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of photoactivated disinfection has had a significant medical and technological effect in bacterial inactivation, as an alternative to conventional antimicrobial methods. The main goal of this study was to investigate the effect of photoactivated disinfection on Streptococcus mutans, when Radachlorin(®) was used as a photosensitizer. METHODS Streptococcus mutans samples of two different initial concentrations were treated with Radachlorin(®) gel (0.1%), irradiated by the light of a He-Ne laser (633nm), with energy density of 6J/cm(2), and cell viability was evaluated after culturing. RESULTS It was observed that the combination of Radachlorin(®) and laser was more effective than Radachlorin(®) or laser alone (p<0.05), in reduction of S. mutans and Radachlorin(®) was cytotoxic, in the dark, only for the lower concentration of bacteria. Lower concentration of S. mutans resulted in higher amount of killing, in the case of using Radachlorin(®) with or without laser. CONCLUSIONS The photoactivation of Radachlorin(®) using a He-Ne laser could inactivate S. mutans to a significant level. In addition Radachlorin(®) might be cytotoxic in the dark, for the lower concentration of bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Fekrazad
- Department of Dentistry, AJA University of Medical Sciences - Laser Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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