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Dobrota CT, Florea AD, Racz CP, Tomoaia G, Soritau O, Avram A, Benea HRC, Rosoiu CL, Mocanu A, Riga S, Kun AZ, Tomoaia-Cotisel M. Dynamics of Dental Enamel Surface Remineralization under the Action of Toothpastes with Substituted Hydroxyapatite and Birch Extract. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2038. [PMID: 38730845 PMCID: PMC11084803 DOI: 10.3390/ma17092038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
To address tooth enamel demineralization resulting from factors such as acid erosion, abrasion, and chronic illness treatments, it is important to develop effective daily dental care products promoting enamel preservation and surface remineralization. This study focused on formulating four toothpastes, each containing calcined synthetic hydroxyapatite (HAP) in distinct compositions, each at 4%, along with 1.3% birch extract. Substitution elements were introduced within the HAP structure to enhance enamel remineralization. The efficacy of each toothpaste formulation was evaluated for repairing enamel and for establishing the dynamic of the remineralization. This was performed by using an in vitro assessment of artificially demineralized enamel slices. The structural HAP features explored by XRD and enamel surface quality by AFM revealed notable restorative properties of these toothpastes. Topographic images and the self-assembly of HAP nanoparticles into thin films on enamel surfaces showcased the formulations' effectiveness. Surface roughness was evaluated through statistical analysis using one-way ANOVA followed by post-test Bonferroni's multiple comparison test with a p value < 0.05 significance setting. Remarkably, enamel nanostructure normalization was observed within a short 10-day period of toothpaste treatment. Optimal remineralization for all toothpastes was reached after about 30 days of treatment. These toothpastes containing birch extract also have a dual function of mineralizing enamel while simultaneously promoting enamel health and restoration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Teodora Dobrota
- Research Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos St., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.T.D.); (A.-D.F.); (C.-P.R.); (A.A.); (A.M.); (S.R.); (A.-Z.K.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, 44 Republicii St., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Alexandra-Diana Florea
- Research Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos St., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.T.D.); (A.-D.F.); (C.-P.R.); (A.A.); (A.M.); (S.R.); (A.-Z.K.)
| | - Csaba-Pal Racz
- Research Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos St., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.T.D.); (A.-D.F.); (C.-P.R.); (A.A.); (A.M.); (S.R.); (A.-Z.K.)
| | - Gheorghe Tomoaia
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 47 General Traian Mosoiu St., 400132 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.T.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov St., 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Olga Soritau
- Oncology Institute of Cluj-Napoca, 34-36 Republicii St., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Alexandra Avram
- Research Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos St., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.T.D.); (A.-D.F.); (C.-P.R.); (A.A.); (A.M.); (S.R.); (A.-Z.K.)
| | - Horea-Rares-Ciprian Benea
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 47 General Traian Mosoiu St., 400132 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (G.T.)
| | - Cristina Lavinia Rosoiu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology and Geology, Babeş-Bolyai University, 44 Republicii St., 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Aurora Mocanu
- Research Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos St., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.T.D.); (A.-D.F.); (C.-P.R.); (A.A.); (A.M.); (S.R.); (A.-Z.K.)
| | - Sorin Riga
- Research Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos St., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.T.D.); (A.-D.F.); (C.-P.R.); (A.A.); (A.M.); (S.R.); (A.-Z.K.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov St., 050044 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Attila-Zsolt Kun
- Research Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos St., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.T.D.); (A.-D.F.); (C.-P.R.); (A.A.); (A.M.); (S.R.); (A.-Z.K.)
| | - Maria Tomoaia-Cotisel
- Research Center of Excellence in Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Babeş-Bolyai University, 11 Arany Janos St., 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.T.D.); (A.-D.F.); (C.-P.R.); (A.A.); (A.M.); (S.R.); (A.-Z.K.)
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, 3 Ilfov St., 050044 Bucharest, Romania
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Hertel S, Basche S, Schmidt V, Staszyk C, Hannig C, Sterzenbach T, Hannig M. Erosion behaviour of human, bovine and equine dental hard tissues. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19617. [PMID: 37949920 PMCID: PMC10638419 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46759-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental hard tissues from different species are used in dental research, but little is known about their comparability. The aim of this study was to compare the erosive behaviour of dental hard tissues (enamel, dentin) obtained from human, bovine and equine teeth. In addition, the protective effect of the pellicle on each hard tissue under erosive conditions was determined. In situ pellicle formation was performed for 30 min on enamel and dentin samples from all species in four subjects. Calcium and phosphate release was assessed during 120 s of HCl incubation on both native and pellicle-covered enamel and dentin samples. SEM and TEM were used to examine surface changes in native enamel and dentin samples after acid incubation and the ultrastructure of the pellicle before and after erosive exposure. In general, bovine enamel and dentin showed the highest degree of erosion after acid exposure compared to human and equine samples. Erosion of human primary enamel tended to be higher than that of permanent teeth, whereas dentin showed the opposite behaviour. SEM showed that eroded equine dentin appeared more irregular than human or bovine dentin. TEM studies showed that primary enamel appeared to be most susceptible to erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hertel
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - S Basche
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - V Schmidt
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - C Staszyk
- Institute for Veterinary-Anatomy, -Histology and -Embryology, Faculty for Veterinary Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 98, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - C Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - T Sterzenbach
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - M Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
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Timpel J, Klinghammer S, Riemenschneider L, Ibarlucea B, Cuniberti G, Hannig C, Sterzenbach T. Sensors for in situ monitoring of oral and dental health parameters in saliva. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5719-5736. [PMID: 37698630 PMCID: PMC10560166 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05206-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The oral cavity is an easily accessible unique environment and open system which is influenced by the oral fluids, microbiota, and nutrition. Little is known about the kinetics and dynamics of metabolic processes at the intraoral surfaces. Real-time monitoring of salivary biomarkers, e.g., glucose, lactate, fluoride, calcium, phosphate, and pH with intraoral sensors is therefore of major interest. The aim of this review is to overview the existing literature for intraoral saliva sensors. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search was performed to review the most relevant studies on intraoral saliva sensor technology. RESULTS There is limited literature about the in situ saliva monitoring of salivary biomarkers. Bioadhesion and biofouling processes at the intraoral surfaces limit the performances of the sensors. Real-time, long-term, and continuous intraoral measurement of salivary metabolites remains challenging and needs further investigation as only few well-functioning sensors have been developed until today. Until now, there is no sensor that measures reliably beyond hours for any analyte other than glucose. CONCLUSIONS Saliva's complex and dynamic structure as well as bioadhesion are key challenges and should be addressed in the future developments. Consequently, more studies that focus particularly on biofouling processes and interferential effects of the salivary matrix components on sensor surfaces are required. CLINICAL RELEVANCE By monitoring fluids in the oral cavity, as the entrance to the digestive system, extensive information can be obtained regarding the effects of foods and preventive agents on the oral microbiota and the tooth surfaces. This may lead to a better understanding of strategies to modulate oral and general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Timpel
- Clinic of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
- Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), Dresden University of Technology, 01309, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Stephanie Klinghammer
- Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), Dresden University of Technology, 01309, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center for Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Leif Riemenschneider
- Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), Dresden University of Technology, 01309, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center for Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Bergoi Ibarlucea
- Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), Dresden University of Technology, 01309, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center for Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), Dresden University of Technology, 01309, Dresden, Germany
- Institute for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center for Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Christian Hannig
- Clinic of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), Dresden University of Technology, 01309, Dresden, Germany
| | - Torsten Sterzenbach
- Clinic of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden University of Technology, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307, Dresden, Germany
- Else Kröner-Fresenius Center for Digital Health (EKFZ), Dresden University of Technology, 01309, Dresden, Germany
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Gradinaru I, Vasiliu AL, Bargan A, Checherita LE, Ciubotaru BI, Armencia AO, Istrate B, Dascalu CG, Antohe ME. The Influence of Beverages on Resin Composites: An In Vitro Study. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2571. [PMID: 37761013 PMCID: PMC10526112 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental composites, through their structural diversity, represent the biomaterials frequently used in dental reconstructive therapy. The aim of our study was to observe the influence of different beverage environment conditions on seven types of obturation dental materials with different compositions. Our research focused on the surface modification analysis of the materials after the immersion in the different beverages; in this regard, we used the EDAX technique correlated with the energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (XRF). The pH of the drinks and that of the simulated saliva solution were determined by the titrimetric method, a sodium hydroxide solution 0.1 mol/dm3 was prepared and used for the titration. An amount of 5 mL of each analyzed solution was added to 15 mL of distilled water to obtain a dilution, to which 3 drops of phenolphthalein (as a color indicator-Phenolphthalein, 3,3-Bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone, C20H14O4 Mw: 318.32, purchased from Merck) were added for each analysis. For each solution, the experiment was repeated three times in order to obtain accurate results. The results of our study materialized into a real plea for modifying the patients' behavior in terms of diet and preferences for acidic drinks, so that their quality-of-life valence can be improved by keeping the composite materials in a long-term unalterable state on the one hand; on the other hand, systemic damage can be prevented as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Gradinaru
- 3rd Dental Medicine Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (M.E.A.)
| | - Ana Lavinia Vasiliu
- Department of Functional Polymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica-Vodă, 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (A.L.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Alexandra Bargan
- Department of Functional Polymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica-Vodă, 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (A.L.V.); (A.B.)
| | - Laura Elisabeta Checherita
- 2nd Dental Medicine Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Bianca-Iulia Ciubotaru
- Department of Inorganic Polymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica-Vodă, 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Adina Oana Armencia
- 1st Dental Medicine Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Istrate
- Department of Mechanical, Mechatronic and Robotic Engineering, The Faculty of Mechanics, “Gheorghe Asachi” Technical University, Bulevardul Profesor Dimitrie Mangeron 67, 700050 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Cristina Gena Dascalu
- Department of Medical Informatics, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 Universității Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Magda Ecaterina Antohe
- 3rd Dental Medicine Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (I.G.); (M.E.A.)
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Yiğit E, Güngör Erdoğan H, Eyüboğlu TF, Özcan M. Effect of Various Beverages on Adhesion of Repaired CAD/CAM Restorative Materials. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:380. [PMID: 37504875 PMCID: PMC10381350 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14070380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of commonly consumed beverages on the bond strength of three different computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) resin-ceramic hybrid materials repaired with resin-based composite (RBC) materials. (2) Materials and Methods: Rectangular prism specimens (N = 138) measuring 6 mm × 5 mm × 2 mm were obtained from GC Cerasmart (GC), Lava Ultimate (LU), and Vita Enamic (VE) blocks. These blocks were polished and then subjected to thermal cycling (10,000 cycles, 5 °C to 55 °C). After the surface treatment was applied, the average surface roughness value was measured. All the surfaces were repaired with RBC. Thermal cycling was performed for the second time. Each group was then distributed into three subgroups according to the beverage used: tea (t), cola (c), and distilled water (0) (n = 15). The specimens were stored in these solutions for 28 days and then subjected to the shear bond strength (SBS) test. Statistical analysis was performed using a two-way ANOVA test with Bonferroni adjustment. (3) Results: The surface roughness of the materials presented no significant difference after different surface treatments (p > 0.05). No significant difference was observed among the materials (p > 0.05). Tea and cola presented similar SBS values (p > 0.05). Both were significantly lower than distilled water (p < 0.001, p < 0.001, respectively). (4) Conclusions: Consumption of beverages reduces the bond strength in surfaces repaired with RBC to CAD/CAM resin-ceramic hybrid materials. (5) Clinical Significance: Repairing damaged resin matrix dental restorations with RBC is advantageous in terms of time and cost by achieving adequate bond strengths. Frequently consumed beverages reduce the bond strength of repaired CAD/CAM resin-ceramic hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Yiğit
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Karabük, Karabük 78050, Türkiye
| | - Hamiyet Güngör Erdoğan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Lokman Hekim University, Ankara 06510, Türkiye
| | - Tan Fırat Eyüboğlu
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul 34083, Türkiye
| | - Mutlu Özcan
- Clinic of Masticatory Disorders and Dental Biomaterials, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, CH-8032 Zurich, Switzerland
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Lind E, Mähönen H, Latonen RM, Lassila L, Pöllänen M, Loimaranta V, Laine M. Erosive potential of ice tea beverages and kombuchas. Acta Odontol Scand 2023:1-8. [PMID: 37192014 DOI: 10.1080/00016357.2023.2199848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Kombuchas and other tea-based beverages are often perceived as healthy products despite the lack of knowledge on their effects on oral health. This in vitro study determined the erosive potential of commercial kombuchas, and ice teas compared to cola drinks. MATERIALS AND METHODS The pH and fluoride content of 7 kombuchas and 18 tea drinks were measured with ion-selective electrodes. Calcium dissolution from hydroxyapatite grains was quantified by atomic absorption spectroscopy after beverage exposure. The effect of beverages on the enamel surface was visualized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Distilled water, and cola drinks were used as negative and positive controls. RESULTS The kombuchas exhibited lower pH values (2.82-3.66) than the ice teas (2.94-4.86), but still higher than the cola drinks (2.48-2.54). The fluoride concentration varied between 0.05 and 0.46 ppm and for 7 beverages the concentration was below the detection limit. The calcium release for kombuchas was 198-746 mg/l, for ice teas 16.1-507 mg/l, and for cola drinks 57.7-71.9 mg/l. Twenty-two beverages had a significantly greater calcium release than the cola drinks (p = .009-.014). The surface etching of the enamel was seen in the SEM analysis after beverage exposure. CONCLUSIONS Tea-based beverages have even higher erosive potential than cola drinks. Kombuchas especially, displayed a considerable erosive potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Lind
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Hilma Mähönen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Rose-Marie Latonen
- Laboratory of Molecular Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Lippo Lassila
- Turku Clinical Biomaterials Centre-TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Marja Pöllänen
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- The Finnish Medical Society Duodecim, Current Care, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Merja Laine
- Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Cariology and Restorative Dentistry, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Wong PYW, Lim SL, Loi STY, Mei ML, Li KC, Aziz S, Ekambaram M. A comparative study of two chemical models for creating subsurface caries lesions on aprismatic and prismatic enamel. J Oral Sci 2023; 65:20-23. [PMID: 36436976 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.22-0311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the mineral density and lesion depth of artificial caries lesions on aprismatic enamel and prismatic enamel created by lactic acid and acetic acid buffers. METHODS Forty bovine enamel blocks were allocated to: aprismatic enamel (Group A) and prismatic enamel (Group C) in acetic acid buffer for 192 h and aprismatic enamel (Group B) and prismatic enamel (Group D) in lactic acid buffer for 96 h. The mineral loss and lesion depth were measured using micro-computed tomography. RESULTS A significant difference (P = 0.01) was observed in the mineral loss (%) in the lesions on aprismatic enamel and prismatic enamel treated with lactic acid buffer while no significant difference (P = 0.51) was observed in the mineral loss (%) in the lesions on aprismatic enamel and prismatic enamel treated with acetic acid buffer. No significant difference was noted in the mean lesion depth of lesions on aprismatic enamel and prismatic enamel treated with acetic acid and lactic acid buffers (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION Aprismatic enamel and prismatic enamel have similar mineral loss in acetic acid while prismatic enamel showed more mineral loss compared to aprismatic enamel in lactic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Y W Wong
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago
| | - Suh Ling Lim
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago
| | - Samuel T Y Loi
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago
| | - May Lei Mei
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago
| | - Kai Chun Li
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago
| | - Shafiq Aziz
- Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago
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Pattem J, Field J, Waterhouse PJ, German MJ. The dynamic interplay of dietary acid pH and concentration during early-stage human enamel and dentine erosion. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2022.1040565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental erosion continues to be a significant global health concern affecting nearly 30% of adults world-wide. With increasing soft drink consumption predominantly driving its prevalence, strategies for prevention and control are often implemented when erosion is severe, or rates are high in the populace. While factors affecting dental erosion such as pH on enamel has received much attention, the effect of dietary acid concentration when factored out to a commercially available pH has yet to be determined. Furthermore, understanding these effects on dentine, which is known to be more susceptible to erosion than enamel can unravel structure property relationships between acid characteristics and hard tissue types. This study aimed to develop structure-property relationships between dietary acid concentration, and pH, on the nano-textural and nano-mechanical properties of human enamel and dentine during short-term simulated drinking. To achieve this, a novel sample preparation methodology and analysis approach was developed by applying atomic force microscopy (AFM) in quantitative imaging mode. This enabled simultaneous measurement of enamel and dentine morphology and mechanical properties. Flow-cells were used to simulate drinking, exposing polished and smear layer free human enamel and dentine to 30 s repeated cycles of unbuffered citric acid 6% (pH = 1.88) and 1% (w/v) (pH = 2.55) and commercially available buffered pH = 3.8 states, for up to 180 s. The same 50 µm × 50 µm area of specimen morphology was analysed using in-house developed nanotextural analysis using the bearing area curve (BAC) with a focus on roughness (Ra), normalised peak (PA) and valley areas (VA). Mechanical properties were simultaneously measured for stiffness (N/m) after each 30 s. While all studies agree pH is a major factor in the erosion of enamel, here its dominance over the treatment time varied, with concentration surpassing the importance of pH after initial acid contact. Conversely, dentine erosion showed concentration-dependent changes in morpho-mechanical properties only. These results not only highlight the dynamic process of erosion, but how the interplay between acid characteristics and dental tissue type impact the progression of very early-stage erosion.
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Misilli T, Çarıkçıoğlu B, Deniz Y, Aktaş Ç. The impact of remineralization agents on dental bleaching efficacy and mineral loss in bleached enamel. Eur J Oral Sci 2022; 130:e12905. [PMID: 36349560 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of remineralization agents on bleaching efficiency, enamel mineral changes, and post-bleaching color stability. A total of 112 enamel-dentin blocks were prepared from bovine teeth. Following initial color measurements, separate treatment regimens were carried out as follows: negative control (no treatment); positive control (bleaching only); bleaching, then NaF; bleaching + NaF (mix); bleaching, then CPP-ACPF; bleaching + CPP-ACPF (mix); bleaching, then nHAP+F; bleaching + nHAP+F (mix). Color measurements were repeated after immersion in distilled water for 7 days, and again after staining with coffee solution for 14 days. The CIELAB-based whiteness index was used to evaluate bleaching efficiency, and the CIEDE2000 color difference formula for color stability. Chemical investigation was performed using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analyses. The experimental groups showed significant increases in whiteness compared to the negative control, and the staining after bleaching did not result in statistically significant differences between the groups. Energy dispersive spectroscopic analysis revealed that bleaching protocols had no impact on elemental levels as well as the ratio of Ca/P. The combined use of bleaching agents with remineralization agents did not affect bleaching effectiveness but also did not provide an additional contribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuğba Misilli
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Burak Çarıkçıoğlu
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Yeşim Deniz
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Çağatay Aktaş
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
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Popov AL, Zholobak NM, Shcherbakov AB, Kozlova TO, Kolmanovich DD, Ermakov AM, Popova NR, Chukavin NN, Bazikyan EA, Ivanov VK. The Strong Protective Action of Ce 3+/F - Combined Treatment on Tooth Enamel and Epithelial Cells. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3034. [PMID: 36080071 PMCID: PMC9457955 DOI: 10.3390/nano12173034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We studied the toxic effects of cerium and fluoride species on human dental pulp stem cells and epithelial cells of Cercopithecus aethiops as a surrogate for the human oral mucosa. The sequential use of CeCl3 and NH4F solutions in equimolar sub-toxic concentrations enabled the possible toxic effects of individual components to be avoided, ensuring the preservation of the metabolic activity of the cells due to the formation of CeF3 nanoparticles. Cerium fluoride nanoparticles and terbium-doped cerium fluoride nanoparticles exhibited neither cytotoxicity nor genotoxicity to dental pulp stem cells, even at high concentrations (10-4 M). In millimolar concentrations (from 10-5-10-6 M), these nanoparticles significantly increased the expression of genes responsible for the cell cycle, differentiation and proliferation. The formation of cerium fluoride on the surface of the mucous membrane and teeth provided protection against the development of carious lesions, periodontitis, ROS attacks and other inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity. Luminescent CeF3: Tb nanoparticles enabled the visualization of tooth enamel microcracks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton L. Popov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Nadia M. Zholobak
- Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine
| | - Alexander B. Shcherbakov
- Zabolotny Institute of Microbiology and Virology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv 03680, Ukraine
| | - Taisiya O. Kozlova
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Danil D. Kolmanovich
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Artem M. Ermakov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia
- Moscow Region State University, Moscow 141014, Russia
| | - Nelli R. Popova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Nikita N. Chukavin
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia
- Moscow Region State University, Moscow 141014, Russia
| | - Ernest A. Bazikyan
- Yevdokimov Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow 127473, Russia
| | - Vladimir K. Ivanov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
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11
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Arafa A, Filfilan SS, Fansa HA. Erosive effect of beverages on surface hardness and ultra-structure of deciduous teeth enamel. PEDIATRIC DENTAL JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pdj.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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12
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Tisler CE, Moldovan M, Petean I, Buduru SD, Prodan D, Sarosi C, Leucuţa DC, Chifor R, Badea ME, Ene R. Human Enamel Fluorination Enhancement by Photodynamic Laser Treatment. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142969. [PMID: 35890745 PMCID: PMC9325182 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Poor oral hygiene leads to serious damages of theteeth’s surface enamel such as micro-abrasions and acid erosion. These alterations combined with bacterial plaque result in cavity appearance. Prophylactic measures include various techniques for enamel surface restoration. Fluorination is one of the most important treatments for this purpose. Therefore, in the present research, we investigated the classical fluorination treatment compared with laser photodynamic fluorination performed on human enamel samples with poor surface quality. Three sample groups were investigated: veneer (F), inlay (I), and crowns (C). The general morphologic aspect was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the specific details such as the fine microstructure and nanostructure were investigated by atomic force microscopy (AFM) of the surface roughness. The samples were also investigated by Fourier transformed infrared attenuated total reflectance (FTIR-ATR) to evidence the fluorination effect on the enamel surface. Results showed that all initial samples had an altered state with micro-abrasions and erosion with mineral loss, which increase the surface roughness. The F group was the most damaged, having a higher roughness, and the I group was less damaged. Classic fluorination treatment partially restored the enamel by local re-mineralization, but did not obtain the parameters of healthy enamel. However, a significant decrease of the roughness was observed (statistical relevance p = 0.001 with the Breusch–Pagan Test). This fact was supported by the presence of newly formed fluorides in the FTIR-ATR spectra. The photodynamic laser fluorination restores the enamel in an enhanced manner by a strong re-mineralization, which implies a significant roughness value decrease comparable to healthy enamel. The Breusch–Pagan Test confirmed the relevance with p = 0.001. This is due to an extended re-mineralization abundant in fluoride crystals as observed by AFM and FTIR. Statistical p-values regarding laser application were in the range of 0.02–0.06, supporting its relevance in the fluorination effect. The final conclusion is that the photodynamic effect is able to favor the newly formed fluoride deposition onto the affected sites of the enamel surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Elena Tisler
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 32 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.E.T.); (S.D.B.)
| | - Marioara Moldovan
- Department of Polymer Composites, Institute of Chemistry “Raluca Ripan”, University Babes-Bolyai, 30 Fantanele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.M.); (D.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Ioan Petean
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University Babes-Bolyai, 11 Arany János Street, 400028 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Smaranda Dana Buduru
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 32 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (C.E.T.); (S.D.B.)
| | - Doina Prodan
- Department of Polymer Composites, Institute of Chemistry “Raluca Ripan”, University Babes-Bolyai, 30 Fantanele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.M.); (D.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Codruta Sarosi
- Department of Polymer Composites, Institute of Chemistry “Raluca Ripan”, University Babes-Bolyai, 30 Fantanele Street, 400294 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.M.); (D.P.); (C.S.)
| | - Daniel-Corneliu Leucuţa
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Pasteur Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Radu Chifor
- Department of Preventive Dental Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Avram Iancu 31, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.C.); (M.E.B.)
| | - Mîndra Eugenia Badea
- Department of Preventive Dental Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Avram Iancu 31, 400083 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.C.); (M.E.B.)
| | - Razvan Ene
- 14 Department, Orthopedics, Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 37 Dionisie Lupu Street, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Orthopaedics and Traumatology Department, Bucharest Emergency University Hospital, 169 Splaiul Independenței Street, 050098 Bucharest, Romania
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13
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Gastroesophageal reflux disease and dental erosion: the role of bile acids. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 139:105429. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Lodi LA, Klaic R, Bortoletto-Santos R, Ribeiro C, Farinas CS. Unveiling the Solubilization of Potassium Mineral Rocks in Organic Acids for Application as K-Fertilizer. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2022; 194:2431-2447. [PMID: 35113352 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-03826-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Organic acids produced by soil microorganisms can be useful to promote the release of potassium (K) from potassium mineral rocks (KR), but the complexity of low reactivity minerals limits K solubilization and their use as fertilizer. Here, we investigate the ways that different organic acids (gluconic, oxalic, and citric) can affect the solubilization of potassium minerals, in order to propose process strategies to improve their solubility. For this, evaluations were performed using the model minerals KRpolyhalite (sedimentary mineral), KRfeldspar (igneous mineral), and KCl (commercial fertilizer). For KCl and KRpolyhalite, complete solubilization was achieved using all the organic acids, while for KRfeldspar, the highest K+ solubilization (34.86 mg L-1) was achieved with oxalic acid. The solubility of KRfeldspar was further investigated under submerged cultivation with the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger, as well as after a mechanochemical grinding treatment. The biotechnological route resulted in solubilized K up to 63.2 mg L-1. The mechanochemical route, on the other hand, increased the release of K by about 8.6 times (993 mg L-1) compared to the natural mineral, due to the greater fragmentation of the particles after the treatment (with a surface area about 2.5 times higher than for the in natura KRfeldspar). These findings demonstrated the potential of applying biotechnological and mechanochemical routes with organic acids to improve the solubilization of K present in low reactivity mineral rocks, indicating the possible use of these minerals in more sustainable agricultural practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludimila A Lodi
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia Para o Agronegócio (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua 15 de Novembro, 1452, Centro, SP, 13561-206, São Carlos, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Klaic
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia Para o Agronegócio (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua 15 de Novembro, 1452, Centro, SP, 13561-206, São Carlos, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Bortoletto-Santos
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia Para o Agronegócio (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua 15 de Novembro, 1452, Centro, SP, 13561-206, São Carlos, Brazil
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Avenida Professor Francisco Degni, 55, Jardim Quitandinha, SP, 14800-060, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Caue Ribeiro
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia Para o Agronegócio (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua 15 de Novembro, 1452, Centro, SP, 13561-206, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Cristiane S Farinas
- Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia Para o Agronegócio (LNNA), Embrapa Instrumentação, Rua 15 de Novembro, 1452, Centro, SP, 13561-206, São Carlos, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação Em Engenharia Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Rodovia Washington Luiz, km 235, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil.
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15
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Adsorption of malic acid at the hydroxyapatite/aqueous NaCl solution interface. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-021-01938-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe aim of the study was the basic incidence on the phenomenon of adsorption that occurs at the hydroxyapatite/malic acid interface, leading to a change in the surface properties of hydroxyapatite, Analytical methods used in the research: X-ray diffraction (XRD) as well as by the, adsorption–desorption of nitrogen (ASAP), potentiometric titration. The specific adsorption of malic acid ions at the hydroxyapatite interface was investigated by means of the radioisotope method. The zeta potential of hydroxyapatite dispersions was determined by electrophoresis with Zetasizer Nano ZS90 by Malvern. The particle sizes of hydroxyapatite samples were analyzed using Masteriszer 2000 Malvern. Studies on the kinetics of malic acid on hydroxyapatite from a solution with an initial concentration of 1 mmol/dm3 have shown that the adsorption process is initially fast, followed by a slow adsorption step. An increase in the pH of the solution causes a decrease in the malic acid adsorption as a result of competition with hydroxyl ions. The presence of adsorbed malic acid was confirmed by the FTIR measurements. The effect of malic acid adsorption on the zeta potential and particle size distribution of hydroxyapatite in the NaCl solution was investigated.
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16
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Szalewski L, Wójcik D, Bogucki M, Szkutnik J, Różyło-Kalinowska I. The Influence of Popular Beverages on Mechanical Properties of Composite Resins. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14113097. [PMID: 34198751 PMCID: PMC8201062 DOI: 10.3390/ma14113097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Currently, composite resins are used in many restorative procedures. Previous studies showed that drinking beverages may affect the mechanical properties such as microhardness or flexural strength of dental composite resins. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of common beverages on the mechanical properties of composite resins. Samples of the materials were prepared according to the ISO 4049:2010 standard and producer’s recommendations. The samples were next conditioned in tested fluids: distilled water, sparkling water, Coca-Cola, Red Bull and orange juice for 7 days. Vickers microhardness and flexural strength testing was performed after 7 days. Performed statistic tests confirmed the significance of microhardness changes of the tested materials in terms of both different conditioning of the samples and different composite materials. The mean flexural strength of composites was highest in distilled water and it was reduced after one week in different beverages. We conclude that all tested beverages influenced on Vickers microhardness of tested composite resins. Flexural strength only in one material was statistically significantly influenced by tested beverages. The results of this study should be taken into consideration by a dentist preparing recommendations for the patients after dental treatment with usage of composite material or after cementing composite based fixed dentures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leszek Szalewski
- Department of Integrated Paediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Dorota Wójcik
- Department of Dental Prosthetics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Marcin Bogucki
- Department of Automation, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Lublin, 20-618 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Jacek Szkutnik
- Department of Functional Masticatory Disorders, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Ingrid Różyło-Kalinowska
- Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Radiodiagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland;
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17
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Janusz W, Skwarek E. Adsorption of the Tartrate Ions in the Hydroxyapatite/Aqueous Solution of NaCl System. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14113039. [PMID: 34204933 PMCID: PMC8199740 DOI: 10.3390/ma14113039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The research on the interaction of tartrate ions with the surface of hydroskyapatite was presented, including the measurements of the kinetics of tartrate ion adsorption and tartrate ion adsorption as a function of pH. The adsorption of tartrate ions was calculated from the loss of tartrate concentration in the solution as measured by a radioisotope method using C-14 labeled tartaric acid. In order to explain the mechanism of interaction of tartrate ions with hydroxyapatite, supplementary measurements were carried out, i.e., potentiometric measurements of the balance of released/consumed ions in the hydroxyapatite/electrolyte solution system, zeta potential measurements, FTIR spectrophotometric measurements and the hydroxyapatite crystal structure and particle size distribution were characterized. It was found that the adsorption of tartrate ions occurs as a result of the exchange of these ions with hydroxyl, phosphate and carbonate ions. Replacing the ions with the abovementioned tartrate ions leads to the appearance of a negative charge on the surface of the hydroxapatite. On the basis of XRD study and particle size distribution, a decrease in the size of crystallites and the diameter of hydroxyapatite particles in contact with a solution of 0.001 mol/dm3 of tartaric acid was found.
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Abstract
The difficulty in obtaining human teeth that are caries-free that have similar environmental exposure, e.g., diet intake and water fluoridation has lead researchers to opt for bovine teeth as a substitute for erosion studies. Bovine mandibular incisors are readily available at abattoirs and often originate from the same region and are likely to consume similar dietary intake. The bovine teeth for erosion or abrasion studies usually undergo specimen preparation to produce a "flat surface" baseline specimen. Among other terms used to define baseline specimens for erosion and abrasion studies include phrases like "optically flat" and "flat and smooth surface." However, these terms might have no quantitative value as it does not justify the actual surface characteristics of the prepared flattened surface. In dentistry, roughness average (Ra) is the most commonly used parameter when reporting the roughness of specimens Reporting Ra alone might not be sufficient as it does not provide information regarding the surface texture as there is no distinction between valleys and peaks, nor does it provide information about the core structure of a material unlike the bearing area curve. The incorporation of Ra and BAP values in baseline specimens has the potential in predicting the wear or lubricating potential of these specimens. Furthermore, standardization of baseline specimens by acknowledging its surface roughness values ensures comparability of erosion and abrasion studies as different specimen preparation technique might influence the outcome or results of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayati Ishak
- Centre of Comprehensive Care Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - James Field
- Department of Restorative Dentistry School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew German
- School of Dental Sciences, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, United Kingdom
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19
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Mendes Soares IP, Anovazzi G, Anselmi C, Leite ML, Scheffel DLS, Soares DG, de Souza Costa CA, Hebling J. Response of pulp cells to resin infiltration of enamel white spot-like lesions. Dent Mater 2021; 37:e329-e340. [PMID: 33579532 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2021.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the trans-enamel and trans-dentinal biological effects of treating enamel white spot-like lesions (EWSLs) with resin infiltration components (RICs) on odontoblast-like cells (MDPC-23) and human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). METHODS EWSLs were induced in 60 enamel/dentin discs (4.0 ± 0.2 mm thick) using S. mutans. The discs were adapted into artificial pulp chambers and MDPC-23 were seeded on the dentin surface. The components of a resin infiltration system (Icon) were applied individually or in combination on the enamel surface as following (n = 10/treatment): Etch, Infiltrant, Etch+Infiltrant, or Etch+Dry+Infiltrant. The application of water or hydrogen peroxide served as negative and positive controls, respectively. After 72 h, MDPC-23 viability was evaluated. The extracts were exposed for 72 h to pre-cultured MDPC-23 and HDPCs in 96-well plates to evaluate cell viability, alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP), mineralized nodule formation (MN), and the expression of inflammatory cytokines (ICs) and mineralization-related genes (MRs). Data were analyzed by ANOVA complemented with Tukey or Games-Howell post-hocs (α = 5%). RESULTS Cell viability, ALP activity, and MN formation were significantly reduced in response to the RICs, presenting intermediate values compared to positive and negative controls. Likewise, ICs were upregulated, whereas MRs were downregulated. Among the RICs, the Etch component caused the most notorious detrimental effects. SIGNIFICANCE Resin infiltration of EWSLs negatively affected the metabolism of pulp cells in vitro. Therefore, even though resin infiltration is a micro-invasive therapy for non-cavitated caries in enamel, it should be closely followed up seen that components may diffuse and unbalance pulp homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Paulino Mendes Soares
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil.
| | - Giovana Anovazzi
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Caroline Anselmi
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Maria Luísa Leite
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil
| | | | - Diana Gabriela Soares
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, São Paulo University (USP), Bauru Faculty of Dentistry, Bauru, Brazil
| | | | - Josimeri Hebling
- Department of Morphology, Genetics, Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry, Araraquara, Brazil.
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20
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Carvalho TS, Pham KN, Niemeyer SH, Baumann T. The effect of red wine in modifying the salivary pellicle and modulating dental erosion kinetics. Eur J Oral Sci 2020; 129:e12749. [PMID: 33381873 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the potential of red wine in modulating dental erosion kinetics in the presence or absence of salivary pellicle. Polished human enamel specimens were used in two conditions; presence or absence of acquired enamel pellicle; and subdivided according to exposure: red wine, orange juice, apple juice, or citric acid. The specimens were incubated in clarified whole human saliva (presence of acquired enamel pellicle) or in a humid chamber (absence of acquired enamel pellicle) for 2 h at 37°C, then in the test substances for 1 min, at 25°C, under shaking. This was repeated four times. Surface hardness was measured initially and after each cycle and surface reflection intensity was measured initially and after all cycles. In the presence of acquired enamel pellicle, red wine caused the least surface hardness loss, followed by orange juice, apple juice, and citric acid. Statistically significantly less surface reflection intensity loss was observed for red wine and orange juice than for apple juice and citric acid. In the absence of acquired enamel pellicle, red wine and orange juice caused less surface hardness loss than apple juice and citric acid. Orange juice showed the least surface reflection intensity loss, followed by red wine, citric acid, and apple juice. The polyphenol composition of these drinks can notably modulate the erosion kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago S Carvalho
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Khoa N Pham
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Samira H Niemeyer
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Tommy Baumann
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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21
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da Cunha WA, Palma LF, Shitsuka C, Corrêa FNP, Duarte DA, Corrêa MSNP. Efficacy of silver diamine fluoride and sodium fluoride in inhibiting enamel erosion: an ex vivo study with primary teeth. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2020; 22:387-392. [PMID: 32860201 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-020-00559-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the efficacy of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) and sodium fluoride (NaF) in inhibiting enamel erosion in primary teeth. METHODS 80 primary canine teeth were immersed for 24 h in 2% NaF, 10% SDF, or distilled water. Afterward, some of them underwent a 10-min acid challenge using either 1% or 10% citric acid while others did not. Specimens selected for negative controls were immersed in distilled water but not exposed to the acids, whereas those selected for positive controls were not only immersed in distilled water, but also exposed to the acids. Following, 3-mL samples were collected for calcium and phosphorus analysis by an atomic emission spectrometer. RESULTS 1% acid caused higher phosphorus loss in the positive control group than in the others (no differences between them). Regarding 10% acid, the SDF group showed lower phosphorus loss compared to the positive control and NaF groups. From calcium loss analysis, SDF and NaF groups presented no significant difference when compared to the positive control groups after both acidic challenges. CONCLUSION Considering phosphorus loss values, 10% SDF seems to be effective in inhibiting enamel erosion after 1% and 10% citric acid challenges, whereas 2% NaF only after 1% citric acid challenge. Regarding calcium loss values, both fluoride agents seem to have no impact on inhibiting enamel erosion after 1% and 10% citric acid challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A da Cunha
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, University of Cruzeiro do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L F Palma
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
- Graduate Dentistry Program, Ibirapuera University, Av. Interlagos, 1329, Chácara Flora, São Paulo, SP, 04661-100, Brazil.
| | - C Shitsuka
- School of Dentistry, Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - F N P Corrêa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - D A Duarte
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculdade de Odontologia da Associação Paulista dos Cirurgiões-Dentistas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M S N P Corrêa
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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22
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Lucchese A, Bertacci A, Lo Giudice A, Polizzi E, Gherlone E, Manuelli M, Chersoni S, Moro D, Valdrè G. Stannous Fluoride Preventive Effect on Enamel Erosion: An In Vitro Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9092755. [PMID: 32858829 PMCID: PMC7563875 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9092755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of a single dose application of two daily toothpastes on enamel exposed to acid attack. The research was conducted on human molars enamel fragments (n = 72). The two different toothpastes active ingredients were sodium fluoride (NaF) and stannous fluoride (SnF2). They were compared in protecting the surface of the enamel exposed to three acids: citric acid, lactic acid and hydrochloric acid. A spectrophotometer was used to measure the calcium ions and phosphate released in the solutions by the enamel specimens. Afterward, ionic concentrations were analyzed through the t-Student test, in order to estimate the significance level (p < 0.05) of the solubility differences obtained between the treatment and control groups. Finally, sample surfaces were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM/EDX). The two analyzed toothpastes did not reveal any statistically significant variation in the release of calcium and phosphate (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, acid-resistant deposits were detected in samples treated with stannous fluoride and exposed to lactic acid, though the presence of tin ion deposits on samples treated with stannous fluoride was not shown. A single dose of a fluoride-based toothpaste before different acids attack, in simulated oral cavity conditions, did not show a significant preventive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Lucchese
- Department of Dentistry, Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital Vita Salute San Raffaele University, 20123 Milan, Italy; (E.G.); (M.M.)
- Unit of Dentistry, Research Center for Oral Pathology and Implantology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20123 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-338-2533-113
| | - Angelica Bertacci
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), School of Dentistry, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Antonino Lo Giudice
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, Policlinico Universitario “Vittorio Emanuele—G. Rodolico”, Via S. Sofia 78, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Polizzi
- Center for Oral Hygiene and Prevention, Dental School, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University and IRCCS San Raffaele, 20123 Milan, Italy;
| | - Enrico Gherlone
- Department of Dentistry, Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital Vita Salute San Raffaele University, 20123 Milan, Italy; (E.G.); (M.M.)
- Unit of Dentistry, Research Center for Oral Pathology and Implantology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20123 Milan, Italy
| | - Maurizio Manuelli
- Department of Dentistry, Dental School, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital Vita Salute San Raffaele University, 20123 Milan, Italy; (E.G.); (M.M.)
- Unit of Dentistry, Research Center for Oral Pathology and Implantology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20123 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Chersoni
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DiBiNeM), School of Dentistry, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.B.); (S.C.)
| | - Daniele Moro
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.M.); (G.V.)
| | - Giovanni Valdrè
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (D.M.); (G.V.)
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Liu Y, Hannig M. Vinegar inhibits the formation of oral biofilm in situ. BMC Oral Health 2020; 20:167. [PMID: 32503624 PMCID: PMC7275295 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-020-01153-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Vinegar has been recognized as an effective antimicrobial agent for long. This study intended to elucidate the effect of commercially available vinegar on in situ pellicle formation and existing 24-h biofilms. Methods In situ biofilm formation took place on bovine enamel slabs mounted in individual splints and exposed intraorally over 3 min and 24 h, respectively. After 5 s rinsing with vinegar, all samples were analyzed via fluorescence microscopy (FM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, salivary samples were collected and analyzed via FM. Samples with water rinsing served as controls. Results Vinegar caused destruction of the pellicle. Compared to the control group, vinegar rinsing reduced the outer globular layer of the pellicle (p < 0.001), and resulted in formation of subsurface pellicle. Also, vinegar rinsing could reduce bacterial viability and disrupt the 24-h biofilm. Total bacteria amount of saliva samples decreased remarkably (p < 0.001) after vinegar rinsing within 30 min. Reduction of bacterial viability was observed even 120 min after vinegar rinsing in both biofilm and saliva sample (p < 0.001). Conclusion This in situ study reveals that rinsing with vinegar for only 5 s alters the pellicle layer resulting in subsurface pellicle formation. Furthermore, vinegar rinsing will destruct mature (24-h) biofilms, and significantly reduce the viability of planktonic microbes in saliva, thereby decreasing biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany.
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Al-Obaidi R, Salehi H, Collart-Dutilleul PY, Jacquot B, Tassery H, Cuisinier FJG, Gergely C, Cloitre T. Relationship between Changes in Chemical Composition of Enamel Subsurface Lesions and the Emitted Nonlinear Optical Signals: An in vitro Study. Caries Res 2020; 54:144-153. [PMID: 32107346 DOI: 10.1159/000505904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of new diagnostic technologies based on the light scattering and autofluorescence properties of dental tissues is required to improve the diagnostic ability of initial caries lesions earlier than previously done and promoting the potential of treatment without surgical intervention. The aim of this study is to correlate fluorescence-based results provided by multiphoton microscopy (MPM) with confocal Raman microscopy records using phosphate level at 960 cm-1 and the organic matrix at ∼2,931 cm-1 in healthy and demineralized human enamel. Measurements on 14 teeth were made using two incident lights of different wavelengths, released by confocal Raman microscopy and MPM. Raman phosphate peak intensity at 960 cm-1 along with organic to mineral ratio at (2,931/430 cm-1) and nonlinear optical signals (second harmonic generation [SHG] and intrinsic two-photon excited fluorescence [I2PEF]) were recorded from the demineralized and healthy enamel sites. Raman spectral maps showed that the higher the organic/mineral ratio in the demineralized enamel, the lower the intensity of mineral component in the same zone. MPM revealed new optical indicators of carious lesion as shown by the presence of a red-shifted fluorescence peak in the 650- to 750-nm area of the fluorescence spectrum of demineralized enamel. Moreover, on sample regions with insignificant autofluorescence, the emergence of the SHG signal could be noted. By comparing I2PEF images with the structural motifs observed by the confocal Raman imaging system, the morphological similarity of the acquired images was quite evident. Any change in the I2PEF spectra reflects alterations in the chemical composition of enamel. These findings may provide an important basis for potentially valuable applications of photonic tools in the clinical diagnosis of tooth pathological conditions, besides exposing the fundamental role of organic matrix in enamel integrity and reparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rand Al-Obaidi
- Laboratoire Bioingénierie et Nanosciences (LBN), University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France, .,University of Mustansiriyah, Baghdad, Iraq,
| | - Hamideh Salehi
- Laboratoire Bioingénierie et Nanosciences (LBN), University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Hervé Tassery
- Laboratoire Bioingénierie et Nanosciences (LBN), University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Frederic J G Cuisinier
- Laboratoire Bioingénierie et Nanosciences (LBN), University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Csilla Gergely
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Cloitre
- Laboratoire Charles Coulomb (L2C), University of Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France
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Körner P, Wiedemeier DB, Attin T, Wegehaupt FJ. Prevention of Enamel Softening by Rinsing with a Calcium Solution before Dental Erosion. Caries Res 2020; 54:127-133. [PMID: 31910423 DOI: 10.1159/000504747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This in situ study aimed to evaluate whether rinsing with a calcium-containing solution prior to an erosive attack reduces the softening of enamel. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 240 bovine enamel samples with determined baseline surface microhardness (KHN) were allocated to 5 runs in which each of the 12 volunteers performed the following experiment: 4 enamel samples were inserted in a custom-made intraoral appliance and carried in the mouth (upper jaw) for 30 min before each volunteer either rinsed his mouth for 60 s with a fluoride- and stannous ion-containing dental erosion protection mouth rinse as positive control (run 1), milk (run 2), a solution prepared from a 500-mg calcium effervescent tablet dissolved in 100 mL (run 3) or 200 mL (run 4) water, or did not perform any rinsing with a test solution before the erosive attack (run 5, negative control). To simulate the erosive attack, volunteers rinsed their mouth with a commercial soft drink (Sprite Zero) for 60 s and afterwards with water to stop the erosive process. Finally, surface microhardness was measured again and hardness loss (ΔKHN) calculated. A mixed effect model was fitted to the data set to investigate whether the different runs showed differences with respect to ΔKHN. RESULTS No significant difference in softening of enamel (mean of ΔKHN; lower confidence level/upper confidence level) was observed between the negative control run 5 (50.7; 60.8/40.6), run 2 (50.7; 60.8/40.6), run 3 (38.7; 48.8/28.6) and run 4 (40.7; 50.8/30.6) (p > 0.05, respectively). Enamel softening in the positive control run 1 (25.4; 35.6/15.3) was significantly lower compared to the softening in run 5 (p < 0.001). No significant difference was observed between run 1 and run 3 (p = 0.09). CONCLUSION Other than the fluoride- and stannous ion-containing dental erosion protection mouth rinse, none of the investigated calcium-containing solutions is able to significantly reduce erosion-induced softening of enamel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Körner
- Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland,
| | - Daniel B Wiedemeier
- Statistical Services, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Attin
- Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian Just Wegehaupt
- Clinic of Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Manz AS, Attin T, Sener B, Sahrmann P. Dentin tubule obturation of a bioglass-based dentin desensitizer under repeated exposure to lactid acid and brushing. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:274. [PMID: 31805922 PMCID: PMC6896668 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0962-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Dentin hypersensitivity is a frequent finding especially in periodontitis patients. Conventional treatment aims for obstruction of dentin tubules by disabling liquid and osmotic fluctuation to and from the pulpal chamber. A novel bioglass-based desensitizer was shown to obstruct tubules and to resist periodic exposure to lactic acid. Whether this obstruction is resistant to brushing had not been tested so far. Accordingly, the present study aimed to assess dentin tubule obstruction after repeated acid exposure and brushing. Methods Sixty dentin discs were cleaned with 17% EDTA, mounted into a pulp fluid simulator and randomly divided into 3 groups: No surface treatment in Group A, Seal&Protect® in group B and DentinoCer in group C. Discs were exposed to 0.1 M non-saturated lactic acid thrice and standardized brushing twice a day for 12 days. At baseline and after 2, 4 and 12 d samples were removed from the setting and prepared for top-view SEM analysis to assess tubule obstruction using the Olley score. Discs were then vertically cut and the section surface morphologically assessed using backscatter imaging. For both vertical and sectional surfaces EDX analysis was used to characterize the surface composition in the tubular and inter-tubular area. Results Group A showed clean tubular lumina at all time points. From day 2 onwards dentin showed exposed collagen fibers. Group 2 initially showed a complete surface coverage that flattened out during treatment without ever exposing tubules. At baseline, samples of Group C displayed a complete homogeneous coverage. From day 2 on tubules entrances with obstructed lumen became visible. While on day 4 and 12 the dentin surface exposed collagen fibers the lumina remained closed. EDX analysis of the vertical and horizontal views showed that P and Ca were predominant elements in both the inter- and tubular dentin while Si peaks were found in the tubule plugs. Conclusion While group B displayed a packed layer on the surface during the whole investigation time group C samples lost their superficial layer within 48 h. Tubule plugs containing considerable Si proportions indicated previous presence of DentinoCer, while high Ca and P proportions suggest obturation by dentin-like material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea S Manz
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry Periodontology and Cariology Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zuric, Plattenstr, 11 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Attin
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry Periodontology and Cariology Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zuric, Plattenstr, 11 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Sener
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry Periodontology and Cariology Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zuric, Plattenstr, 11 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Sahrmann
- Clinic of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry Periodontology and Cariology Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zuric, Plattenstr, 11 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Świetlicka I, Arczewska M, Muszyński S, Tomaszewska E, Świetlicki M, Kuc D, Mielnik-Błaszczak M, Gołacki K, Cieślak K. Surface analysis of etched enamel modified during the prenatal period. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 222:117271. [PMID: 31226619 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Structural changes in the enamel surface subjected to induced demineralization and assessment of the influence of prenatal administration of β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) on enamel resistance were investigated. The examination was conducted on five sets of teeth from one-day-old spiny mice (Acomys cahirinus), one from the control and four from the experimental groups. Surface structure, molecular arrangement and crystalline organization of offspring's enamel both before and after etching were studied. Obtained results revealed that the physical and molecular arrangements of enamel were altered after the prenatal supplementation, and significantly affected its final structure and resistance against acid action. The enamel of incisors from the offspring which mothers were supplemented with HMB in a high dose (0.2 g/kgbw) and in the late period of gestation (26th-39th day) showed the highest endurance against acid treatment demonstrating only vestigial changes in their surface structure after acid action. Comparing to the remaining experimental groups, it was characterized by a reduced roughness and fractal dimension, significantly lower degree of demineralization and simultaneous lack of notable differences in the Raman spectra before and after acid etching. The results suggest that an increased enamel resiliency was the effect of a relatively high degree of mineralization and higher organization of the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Świetlicka
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Arczewska
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Siemowit Muszyński
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ewa Tomaszewska
- Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Świetlicki
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Lublin, Poland
| | - Damian Kuc
- Department of Paedodontics, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Krzysztof Gołacki
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Automatics, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Krystian Cieślak
- Institute of Renewable Energy Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Lublin University of Technology, Lublin, Poland
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Wiegand A, Rosemann A, Hoch M, Barke S, Dakna M, Kanzow P. Erosion-Protective Capacity of the Salivary Pellicle of Female and Male Subjects Is Not Different. Caries Res 2019; 53:636-642. [DOI: 10.1159/000500046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyse if the erosion-protective potential of the salivary pellicle is different between female and male subjects. Bovine enamel and dentin specimens (each n = 3) were exposed to the oral cavity of healthy female or male volunteers (each n = 25, females: 25.8 ± 3.5 years, males: 26.7 ± 4.0 years) for 120 min to form a salivary pellicle. Subsequently, each 2 enamel and 2 dentin specimens were eroded with hydrochloric acid (pH 2.6, 60 s). Specimens of the control group (each n = 30) were eroded without presenting a salivary pellicle. Calcium release into the acid was determined photometrically. Additionally, total protein content in the pellicle (each n = 1 enamel and dentin specimen/volunteer) and different salivary parameters (flow rate, pH, buffer capacity, protein, albumin, calcium, phosphate, fluoride) were assessed. Statistical analyses were performed by one-way ANOVA, t tests, multiple linear regressions and Pearson correlations (p < 0.05). The erosion-protective capacity was not significantly different among female (calcium release [% of control]: enamel: 82.6 ± 28.1, dentin: 80.7 ± 24.0) and male (enamel: 76.0 ± 27.5, dentin: 87.1 ± 34.9) subjects. The protein content of the pellicle was not different between female and male subjects. The protein content and pH of unstimulated saliva were significantly reduced in female compared to male volunteers. Calcium release was neither correlated with the protein content of the salivary pellicle nor with salivary parameters. Under the conditions of the present study, the erosion-protective capacity of the salivary pellicle of female and male subjects is not different.
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Ronay FC, Wegehaupt FJ, Becker K, Wiedemeier DB, Attin T, Lussi A, Steiger-Ronay V. Pure hydroxyapatite as a substitute for enamel in erosion experiments. J Dent 2019; 84:89-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Kensche A, Buschbeck E, König B, Koch M, Kirsch J, Hannig C, Hannig M. Effect of fluoride mouthrinses and stannous ions on the erosion protective properties of the in situ pellicle. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5336. [PMID: 30926846 PMCID: PMC6441001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41736-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The particular feature of this study is the investigation of effects of pure fluoride- or stannous ions based mouthrinses on the erosion protective properties and the ultrastructure of the in situ pellicle (12 volunteers). Experimental solutions were prepared either from 500 ppm NaF, SMFP, AmF or SnF2 or 1563 ppm SnCl2, respectively. After 1 min of in situ pellicle formation on bovine enamel slabs, rinses with one of the preparations were performed for 1 min and intraoral specimens’ exposure was continued for 28 min. Native enamel slabs and rinses with bidestilled water served as controls. After oral exposure, slabs were incubated in HCl (pH 2; 2.3; 3) for 120 s and kinetics of calcium- and phosphate release were measured photometrically; representative samples were analysed by TEM and EDX. All mouthrinses reduced mineral loss compared to the native 30-min pellicle. The effect was pH-dependent and significant at all pH values only for the tin-containing mouthrinses. No significant differences were observed between the SnF2- and the SnCl2-containing solutions. TEM/EDX confirmed ultrastructural pellicle modifications. SnF2 appears to be the most effective type of fluoride to prevent erosive enamel demineralisation. The observed effects primarily have to be attributed to the stannous ions’ content.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Kensche
- Clinic of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, D-01307, Dresden, Germany.
| | - E Buschbeck
- Clinic of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, D-01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - B König
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Building 73, D-66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - M Koch
- Physical Analytics, INM - Leibnitz Institute for New Materials, D-66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - J Kirsch
- Clinic of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, D-01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - C Hannig
- Clinic of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstr. 74, D-01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - M Hannig
- Clinic of Operative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, University Hospital, Saarland University, Building 73, D-66421, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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STOLERU VASILE, MUNTEANU NECULAI, STAN TEODOR, IPĂTIOAIE COSTEL, COJOCARU ALEXANDRU, BUTNARIU MONICA. Effects of production system on the content of organic acids in Bio rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum L.). ROMANIAN BIOTECHNOLOGICAL LETTERS 2019. [DOI: 10.25083/rbl/24.1/184.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Farooq I, AlAbdullah A, AlAbdullah M, Alkuhl M, Alnashmi F, Siddiqui I, Alhooshani K. Effect of exposure time of an acidic beverage on the microhardness, mineral weight, and rate of calcium and phosphate ion release of human enamel. J Int Oral Health 2019. [DOI: 10.4103/jioh.jioh_147_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Vieira-Junior WF, Ferraz LN, Pini N, Ambrosano G, Aguiar F, Tabchoury C, Lima D. Effect of Toothpaste Use Against Mineral Loss Promoted by Dental Bleaching. Oper Dent 2018; 43:190-200. [PMID: 29504887 DOI: 10.2341/17-024-tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effect of different toothpaste formulations used prior to dental bleaching with 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) on the mineral content and surface morphology of enamel. METHODS Seventy bovine enamel blocks (4×4×2 mm) were submitted to in vitro treatment protocols using a toothbrushing machine prior to dental bleaching or a placebo procedure (n=10) as proposed in the following groups: unbleached control (PLA), bleached control (HP), and brushing with differing toothpastes prior to HP bleaching, including: potassium nitrate toothpaste containing sodium fluoride (PN), sodium monofluorophosphate/MFP toothpaste (FT), arginine-carbonate (8% arginine) (PA) or arginine-carbonate (1.5% arginine) toothpaste (SAN), and toothpaste containing bioactive glass (NM). Phosphorus concentration in gel ([P]) was evaluated (μg of P/mg of gel), and the elemental levels (wt%) of Ca, P, and Na as well as the proportion between Ca and P and spectra graphics were determined using an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS). The surface morphology was assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the Tukey test (α=0.05). RESULTS HP demonstrated the greatest [P] values in gel, being statistically different from PLA. The [P] of NM was statistically similar to PLA. HP showed a significant decrease in the Ca% and Ca/P values when compared to PLA in EDS analysis. PA showed Ca/P values statistically different from HP. In accordance with SEM analysis, the PA, SAN, and NM groups presented a smooth and uniform enamel surface, while HP and FT demonstrated some alterations in morphology. CONCLUSION The toothpastes containing bioactive glass or arginine carbonate used prior to dental bleaching were effective in protecting enamel against mineral loss promoted by the whitening procedure.
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Risnes S, Li C. Obtaining scratch-free specimens of dental enamel prepared by sectioning, grinding, polishing, and acid etching for scanning electron microscopy. Microsc Res Tech 2018; 81:997-1003. [PMID: 30341967 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to identify the stage during acid etching of dental enamel where scratches introduced by sectioning and grinding procedures were eliminated. Nitric acid was used as etchant. Four hundred 2-3 mm-thick longitudinal sections of human third molar crowns were assigned to 80 groups, each group differing with respect to grinding procedure (silicon carbide paper grit 600; 1,000; 1,200; and 1,200 + polishing), acid concentration (0.1%, 1%, 2.5%, and 5%) and etching time (15, 30, 45, 90, and 180 s). Observation of the specimens with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that elimination of scratches was facilitated by increasing fineness of grinding paper and polishing, and by increasing acid concentration and increasing etching time. An acid concentration of 0.1% did not remove scratches totally irrespective of grinding procedure or etching time, 1% acid removed most scratches after 45-90 s, while 2.5% and 5% acids removed most scratches after 30-45 s. It is proposed that the scratches are eliminated/obscured through a combined effect of the acid and the inherent structure of the enamel. The results of the present study may serve as a guide in choosing the best procedures for obtaining scratch-free enamel surfaces through acid etching with the least possible loss of enamel substance. Research highlights Sectioning and grinding produce scratches in dental enamel. Scratches are eliminated by acid etching prior to SEM studies of enamel structure. Scratch elimination increases with increasing acid strength and etching time and is facilitated by finer grit grinding paper and polishing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steinar Risnes
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1052, Blindern, 0316, Norway, Oslo
| | - Chunfang Li
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, PO Box 1052, Blindern, 0316, Norway, Oslo.,School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
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Rios D, Ionta FQ, Rebelato R, Jordão MC, Wang L, Magalhães AC, Honório HM. The effect of aspartame and pH changes on the erosive potential of cola drinks in bovine enamel: An in vitro study. J Clin Exp Dent 2018; 10:e933-e937. [PMID: 30386528 PMCID: PMC6203923 DOI: 10.4317/jced.54963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism behind the different erosive potential of regular and light cola drinks: pH difference and/or aspartame presence. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty bovine enamel blocks were randomly divided into 5 groups: RC - regular cola, RCpH - addition of base to increase regular cola pH, RCAS - addition of aspartame to regular cola, LC - light cola, and LCpH - addition of acid to decrease light cola pH. Two-thirds of the blocks surface was coated with nail varnish for reference. The samples were daily subjected to four erosive challenges for 2 minutes. Between the erosive challenges (2h) and overnight the samples were maintained in artificial saliva. The response variable was the percentage surface hardness change (%SHC) after 1st experimental day and enamel surface loss (µm) measured at the 5th day by profilometry. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05). RESULTS Independently of the cola modifications, all groups promoted similar hardness change of enamel surface. RC promoted higher enamel loss (6.69±0.71µm) than LC (4.80±0.77µm). The acid addition to light cola (LCpH: 6.60±1.78µm) significantly enhanced its erosive potential, which did not differ from RC. The base addition to regular cola (RCpH-4.00±0.64µm) resulted in similar wear to LC. The addition of aspartame to the regular cola (RCAS 5.44±0.65µm) resulted in similar wear to LC and RC. CONCLUSIONS The data suggest that the pH alteration has a major impact on the erosive potential of cola drinks, however, the sweetener also has some influence. Key words:Tooth erosion, dental enamel, soft drinks, ph, sweetener.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rios
- Departments of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health
| | | | - Rafael Rebelato
- Departments of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health
| | | | - Linda Wang
- Departments of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials
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Buzalaf MAR, Magalhães AC, Rios D. Prevention of erosive tooth wear: targeting nutritional and patient-related risks factors. Br Dent J 2018; 224:371-378. [PMID: 29495031 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2018.173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This article provides an overview of the nutritional and patient-related risk factors involved in the aetiology of erosive tooth wear (ETW) and the preventive strategies to counteract them. The first step is to diagnose clinical signs of ETW and to recognise causal factors. Low pH and high buffer capacity of foods/drinks are the major risk factors, while the calcium concentration is the main protective factor. Reduction of frequency of consumption and contact time of erosive foods/drinks with the teeth, use of straws appropriately positioned and consumption of dairy products are advisable. Oral hygiene has a role in the development of ETW, however, postponing toothbrushing is not clinically advisable. In cases of drug abuse, chronic alcoholism, GERD or bulimia, the patient must be referred to a doctor. Immediately after vomiting, patients might be advised to rinse the mouth. Saliva has an important protective role and patients with reduced salivary flow can benefit from the use of chewing gum. Recent studies have focused on improving the protective capacity of the acquired pellicle as well as on the role of protease inhibitors on dentine erosion. However, the degree of evidence for these preventive measures is low. Clinical trials are necessary before these measures can be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A R Buzalaf
- Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil 17,012-901
| | - A C Magalhães
- Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil 17,012-901
| | - D Rios
- Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Alameda Octávio Pinheiro Brisolla, 9-75, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil 17,012-901
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Mutahar M, Carpenter G, Bartlett D, German M, Moazzez R. The presence of acquired enamel pellicle changes acid-induced erosion from dissolution to a softening process. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10920. [PMID: 28883656 PMCID: PMC5589892 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11498-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Erosive wear undermines the structural properties of enamel resulting in irreversible enamel loss. A thin protein layer formed from natural saliva on tooth surfaces, acquired enamel pellicle (AEP), protects against erosive wear. The exact components in saliva responsible for such protection are not yet known. We prepared three solutions containing different components: proteins and ions [natural saliva (NS)], minerals with no proteins [artificial saliva (AS)] and neither proteins nor ions [deionised water (DW)]. To assess the protection of the three solutions against citric acid enamel erosion, enamel specimens were immersed in the corresponding solution for 24 h. All specimens were then exposed to five erosion cycles, each consisted of a further 30 min immersion in the same solution followed by 10-min erosion. Mean step height using a non-contacting profilometer, mean surface microhardness (SMH) using Knoop microhardness tester (final SMH), and roughness and 2D profiles using atomic force microscopy were measured after five cycles. The final SMH values were compared to the starting values (after 24 hr). NS group had significantly less tissue loss but greater SMH change (P < 0.0001) than AS and DW groups. Specimens in NS were softer and rougher (P < 0.001) but less eroded than specimens in AS and DW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Mutahar
- Salivary Research, Mucosal and Salivary Biology Division, King's College London Dental Institute, London Bridge, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom.
| | - Guy Carpenter
- Salivary Research, Mucosal and Salivary Biology Division, King's College London Dental Institute, London Bridge, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - David Bartlett
- Tissue Engineering and Biophotonics, King's College London Dental Institute, London Bridge, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew German
- Centre for Oral Health Research, School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4BW, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca Moazzez
- Salivary Research, Mucosal and Salivary Biology Division, King's College London Dental Institute, London Bridge, London, SE1 9RT, United Kingdom
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Beltrame APCA, Noschang RAT, Lacerda DP, Souza LC, Almeida ICS. Are grape juices more erosive than orange juices? Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2017; 18:263-270. [PMID: 28779438 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-017-0296-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To evaluate the chemical characteristics of grape and orange juices, and their erosive potential in the decrease of microhardness and the loss of enamel structure. METHODS Five grape and orange juices were evaluated for pH, titratable acidity, calcium, phosphate, and fluoride concentration. De-ionised water and Cola soft drink were used as a negative and positive control, respectively. Twelve specimens of bovine enamel were immersed in beverages for 10 min at 37 °C, 3 times/day for 7 days. Erosive potential was quantified using microhardness and loss of enamel structure. Anova One Way, Student's t test, Multiple Regression and Spearman Correlation (p < 0.05) were used to analyse the results. RESULTS Powdered grape juice showed the lowest pH (3.18 ± 0.03) and pure grape juice presented the highest titratable acidity (5.48 ± 0.06 mL NaOH/100 mL). Fresh orange juice and soya-based grape juice revealed the lowest calcium (0.77 ± 0.12 mmol/L) and phosphate concentrations (0.35 ± 0.06 mmol/L), respectively. Among juices, powdered orange juice caused the greatest decrease in surface microhardness (SMH) (127.99 ± 40.47 ΔSMH) and grape juice from concentrate caused the greatest loss of enamel structure (13.30 ± 3.56 μm). CONCLUSIONS All of the evaluated juices contributed to dental erosion. Grape juices presented greater erosive potential than orange juices. Pure, powdered and concentrated grape juices showed similar loss of enamel structure to the Cola soft drink. The erosive potential of beverages was statistically correlated to pH, titratable acidity, calcium, phosphate and fluoride concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P C A Beltrame
- Dentistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Prof. Walter de Bona Castelan 502, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88037-300, Brazil.
| | - R A T Noschang
- Dentistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Prof. Walter de Bona Castelan 502, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88037-300, Brazil
| | - D P Lacerda
- Dentistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Prof. Walter de Bona Castelan 502, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88037-300, Brazil
| | - L C Souza
- Clinical Analysis Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - I C S Almeida
- Dentistry Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Prof. Walter de Bona Castelan 502, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, 88037-300, Brazil
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Sa Y, Feng X, Lei C, Yu Y, Jiang T, Wang Y. Evaluation of the effectiveness of micro-Raman spectroscopy in monitoring the mineral contents change of human enamel in vitro. Lasers Med Sci 2017; 32:985-991. [PMID: 28365815 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-017-2197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the efficacy of micro-Raman spectroscopy on detecting mineral content change during the demineralization and de/remineralization cycling process. The enamel samples (n = 55) were randomly divided into three groups and separately treated with demineralization solution (n = 20), de/remineralization cycling solution (n = 30), and distilled water (n = 5). Micro-Raman spectroscopy, microhardness (MHS), and the released calcium ions concentration were performed before and after treatment, respectively. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a post hoc Tukey test was used to analyze the results. The Spearman correlation coefficients among the parameters of Raman relative intensity decrease (RRID%), the percentage of MHS loss (PML), and the released calcium ions concentration were also analyzed. In demineralization group, RRID%, PML, and released calcium ions concentration were highly correlated with each other (r = 0.979, p < 0.001; r = 0.984, p < 0.001; and r = 0.983, p < 0.001, respectively). While for the de/remineralization cycling group, there also existed a high correlation between RRID% and PML (r = 0.987, p < 0.001). In conclusion, micro-Raman spectroscopy could effectively monitor the mineral content change, and its efficacy was validated by the measurement of released calcium ions concentration and MHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sa
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China.,Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Feng
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Lei
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Yu
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China.,Tianjin Stomatological Hospital, Nankai University, 75 Dagu Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Jiang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yining Wang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Prosthodontics, Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430079, People's Republic of China.
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Hertel S, Pötschke S, Basche S, Delius J, Hoth-Hannig W, Hannig M, Hannig C. Effect of Tannic Acid on the Protective Properties of the in situ Formed Pellicle. Caries Res 2016; 51:34-45. [PMID: 27960156 DOI: 10.1159/000451036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the present in situ/ex vivo study the impact of tannic acid on the erosion-protective properties of the enamel pellicle was tested. Additionally, the antiadherent and antibacterial effects of tannic acid were evaluated. METHODS The pellicle was formed in situ on bovine enamel samples fixed on individual splints worn by 6 subjects. Following 1 min of pellicle formation the volunteers rinsed for 10 min with tannic acid. After further oral exposure for 19 min, 109 min, and 8 h overnight, respectively, slabs were incubated in HCl ex vivo (pH 2.0, 2.3, 3.0) over 120 s. Subsequently, kinetics of calcium and phosphate release were measured photometrically. Samples after a 1-min fluoride mouth rinse as well as enamel samples with and without a 30-min in situ pellicle served as controls. Antiadherent effects were evaluated after a 1-min rinse with tannic acid and oral exposure of the slabs overnight. DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) combined with concanavalin A staining and live/dead staining was used for fluorescence microscopic visualization and quantification of adherent bacteria and glucans. Modification of the pellicle's ultrastructure by tannic acid was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS Tannic acid significantly improved the erosion-protective properties of the pellicle in a pH-dependent manner. Bacterial adherence and glucan formation on enamel were significantly reduced after rinses with tannic acid as investigated by fluorescence microscopy. TEM imaging indicated that rinsing with tannic acid yielded a sustainable modification of the pellicle; it was distinctly more electron dense. CONCLUSION Tannic acid offers an effective and sustainable approach for the prevention of caries and erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susann Hertel
- Clinic of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Joshi M, Joshi N, Kathariya R, Angadi P, Raikar S. Techniques to Evaluate Dental Erosion: A Systematic Review of Literature. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:ZE01-ZE07. [PMID: 27891489 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/17996.8634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews different techniques for evaluating dental erosion, weighs the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques, and presents the latest trends in the study of dental erosion. In May 2014, an initial search was carried out in the PubMed/MEDLINE database of indexed journals from 1975 to 2013 using the following keywords: dental erosion; dental erosion In-vitro; and dental erosion in-vivo. Bibliographic citations from the papers found were then used to find other useful sources. The authors categorize the techniques into three classes: in-vitro, in-vivo and in-vitro/in-vivo. The article discusses the instrumentation required to use each of these techniques, as well as their rationale, merits and applications. The emergence of in-vitro/in-vivo techniques offers the potential to accurately quantify tooth wear in clinical situations. Cross-sectional as well as longitudinal studies show that these techniques will improve diagnosis, treatment planning and management of dental erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahasweta Joshi
- Reader, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital , Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nikhil Joshi
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Sinhgad Dental College and Hospital , Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rahul Kathariya
- Lecturer, Department of Periodontology, Dr. DY Patil Dental College and Hospital, Dr. D Y Patil Vidyapeeth , Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prabhakar Angadi
- Professor, Department of Prosthodontics and Implantology, Daswani Dental College and Research Centre , Kota, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sonal Raikar
- Reader, Department of Prosthodontics, D.Y. Patil Dental School, Ajeenkya D.Y. Patil University , Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Effect of Inula viscosa on the pellicle's protective properties and initial bioadhesion in-situ. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 71:87-96. [PMID: 27458690 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 06/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present in situ study investigated the effect of Inula viscosa tea on the pellicle's acid protective properties and on initial oral biofilm formation. DESIGN Biofilm formation was performed on bovine enamel slabs on individual maxillary splints. Following 1min of pellicle formation, eight subjects rinsed for 10min with Inula viscosa tea and the splints remained for 8h intraorally. Samples carried after 1-min rinsing with CHX (0.2%) or without rinse served as controls. BacLight™ staining, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)-staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used for fluorescence microscopic detection of adherent bacteria. For investigation of acid protective properties, three subjects rinsed for 10min with Inula viscosa tea after 1min pellicle formation and kept the splints intraorally for further 19min. Physiological 30-min pellicles and native enamel samples served as controls. After HCl incubation of the samples ex-vivo over 120s (pH 2.0, 2.3, 3.0) calcium- and phosphate release were quantified photometrically. Potential influences on the pellicle's ultrastructure by Inula viscosa tea were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS Application of Inula viscosa tea yielded a significant reduction of adherent bacteria on all enamel samples as detected by fluorescence microscopy. For calcium- and phosphate release no significant effect was recorded. TEM investigation indicated a modification of the pellicle's ultrastructure, but no enhanced protection against erosive noxae. CONCLUSION Rinsing with Inula viscosa tea influences the bacterial colonization on enamel in situ over 8h but has no impact on acid protective properties of the pellicle.
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Soares LES, Soares ALS, De Oliveira R, Nahórny S. The effects of acid erosion and remineralization on enamel and three different dental materials: FT-Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis. Microsc Res Tech 2016; 79:646-56. [DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luís Eduardo Silva Soares
- Universidade Do Vale Do Paraíba, UNIVAP, Research and Development Institute, IP&D Laboratory of Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy; LEVB, São José Dos Campos São Paulo Brazil
- Universidade Do Vale Do Paraíba, UNIVAP, Faculty of Healt & Sciences, FCS, School of Dentistry; São José Dos Campos São Paulo Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Silva Soares
- Universidade Do Vale Do Paraíba, UNIVAP, Research and Development Institute, IP&D Laboratory of Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy; LEVB, São José Dos Campos São Paulo Brazil
| | - Rodrigo De Oliveira
- Universidade Do Vale Do Paraíba, UNIVAP, Research and Development Institute, IP&D Laboratory of Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy; LEVB, São José Dos Campos São Paulo Brazil
| | - Sidnei Nahórny
- Universidade Do Vale Do Paraíba, UNIVAP, Research and Development Institute, IP&D Laboratory of Biomedical Vibrational Spectroscopy; LEVB, São José Dos Campos São Paulo Brazil
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Weber MT, Hannig M, Pötschke S, Höhne F, Hannig C. Application of Plant Extracts for the Prevention of Dental Erosion: An in situ/in vitro Study. Caries Res 2015; 49:477-87. [PMID: 26228871 DOI: 10.1159/000431294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Antiadherent and antibacterial effects of certain plant extracts have been proven to be beneficial in preventive dentistry. In the present in situ/in vitro crossover study, the impact of plant extracts rich in polyphenols on the erosion-protective properties of the in situ pellicle was evaluated. METHODS Individual splints were prepared for 12 subjects for intraoral exposure of bovine enamel specimens. Following formation of a 1-min pellicle, watery plant extracts (leaves of the wild form of Ribes nigrum, the wild form of Origanum as well as a combination of both) were administered for 10 min in situ. Alternatively, a mouth rinse with fluorides (Elmex Kariesschutz) was performed for 1 min. After further oral exposure for 19/28 min, respectively, slabs were removed and incubated with HCl in vitro over 120 s (pH 2, 2.3, 3). The resulting calcium and phosphate release was quantified photometrically. Slabs with and without a 30-min in situ pellicle served as controls. The modification of pellicle ultrastructure was evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS Plant extracts modulated the erosion-protective properties of the native in situ pellicle in all test groups in a pH-dependent manner. The combination of R. nigrum leaves and Origanum enhanced the protective properties of the pellicle at all pH values; the administration of this preparation was comparable, yet superior, to the effect of the fluoridated mouth rinse. TEM images indicated that rinsing with R. nigrum leaves/Origanum yielded a distinctly thicker and more electron-dense pellicle. CONCLUSION The combination of certain plant extracts offers a novel approach to the complementary prevention of dental erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Theres Weber
- Clinic of Operative and Pediatric Dentistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Lima DANL, Aguiar FHB, Pini NIP, Soares LES, Martin AA, Liporoni PCS, Ambrosano GMB, Lovadino JR. In vitro effects of hydrogen peroxide combined with different activators for the in-office bleaching technique on enamel. Acta Odontol Scand 2015; 73:516-21. [PMID: 25626117 DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2014.997793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the alteration of human enamel bleached with high concentrations of hydrogen peroxide associated with different activators. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty enamel/dentin blocks (4 × 4 mm) were obtained from human third molars and randomized divided according to the bleaching procedure (n = 10): G1 = 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP - Whiteness HP Maxx); G2 = HP + Halogen lamp (HL); G3 = HP + 7% sodium bicarbonate (SB); G4 = HP + 20% sodium hydroxide (SH); and G5 = 38% hydrogen peroxide (OXB - Opalescence Xtra Boost). The bleaching treatments were performed in three sessions with a 7-day interval between them. The enamel content, before (baseline) and after bleaching, was determined using an FT-Raman spectrometer and was based on the concentration of phosphate, carbonate, and organic matrix. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way ANOVA for repeated measures and Tukey's test. RESULTS The results showed no significant differences between time of analysis (p = 0.5175) for most treatments and peak areas analyzed; and among bleaching treatments (p = 0.4184). The comparisons during and after bleaching revealed a significant difference in the HP group for the peak areas of carbonate and organic matrix, and for the organic matrix in OXB and HP+SH groups. Tukey's analysis determined that the difference, peak areas, and the interaction among treatment, time and peak was statistically significant (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The association of activators with hydrogen peroxide was effective in the alteration of enamel, mainly with regards to the organic matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Alves Nunes Leite Lima
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas - FOP/Unicamp , Piracicaba, SP , Brazil
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MACHADO CM, ZAMUNER AC, MODENA KCDS, ISHIKIRIAMA SK, WANG L. How erosive drinks and enzyme inhibitors impact bond strength to dentin. Braz Oral Res 2015; 29:S1806-83242015000100300. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2015.vol29.0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Enamel structural changes induced by hydrochloric and phosphoric acid treatment. J Appl Biomater Funct Mater 2014; 12:240-7. [PMID: 24700262 DOI: 10.5301/jabfm.5000179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate enamel acid-induced structural changes after 2 different treatments, by means of Raman and infrared (IR) spectroscopy analyses, and to correlate these findings with permeability measured as fluid discharge from outer enamel. METHODS Two different treatments were investigated: 10 enamel slices were etched with 15% hydrochloric acid (HCl) for 120 seconds and 10 slices with 37% phosphoric acid gel (H3PO4) for 30 seconds, rinsed for 30 seconds and then air-dried for 20 seconds. Powders of enamel treated as previously described were produced. Replicas of enamel subjected to the same treatments were obtained to evaluate the presence of fluid droplets on enamel surface. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Raman and IR spectroscopy showed that the treatment with both hydrochloric and phosphoric acids induced a decrease in the carbonate content of the enamel apatite. At the same time, both acids induced the formation of HPO42- ions. After H3PO4 treatment, the bands due to the organic component of enamel decreased in intensity, while they increased after HCl treatment. Replicas of H3PO4 treated enamel showed a strongly reduced permeability. Replicas of HCl 15% treated samples showed a maintained permeability. A decrease of the enamel organic component, as resulted after H3PO4 treatment, involves a decrease in enamel permeability, while the increase of the organic matter (achieved by HCl treatment) still maintains enamel permeability.The results suggested a correlation between organic matter and enamel permeability. Permeability was affected by etching technique and could be involved in marginal seal, gap and discoloration at the enamel interface, still causes of restoration failure.
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Effect of 30 % hydrogen peroxide on mineral chemical composition and surface morphology of bovine enamel. Odontology 2014; 104:44-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s10266-014-0189-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Stefański T, Postek-Stefańska L. Possible ways of reducing dental erosive potential of acidic beverages. Aust Dent J 2014; 59:280-8. [PMID: 24912931 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Frequent consumption of acidic beverages is related to excessive tooth wear, namely dental erosion. Preventive measures may involve reduction or elimination of acidic drink consumption. However, the success of this approach is difficult to achieve as it is highly dependent on patient compliance. Therefore, a practical way of minimizing the erosive potential of popular acidic drinks may be their chemical modification. The aim of this article was to review the different methods of modification and their shortcomings. The available literature demonstrates that the erosive potential of most acidic beverages could be reduced. To date, the effectiveness of soluble calcium salts supplementation is the best established. However, modification can reduce the sensorial quality of the drink and shorten its shelf-life. There is also a need to evaluate the lowest effective and safe dose of the additive.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Stefański
- Academic Centre for Dentistry, Bytom, Poland
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