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Cantiga-Silva C, de Oliveira PHC, Faria FD, Justo MP, Sivieri-Araújo G, Ervolino E, Pinheiro TN, Segura-Egea JJ, Cintra LTA. Increase Toll-like receptors 2 and 4 in apical periodontitis of rats with chronic liver disease. Odontology 2024:10.1007/s10266-024-00974-6. [PMID: 38951301 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-024-00974-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of liver fibrosis (LF) on the expression of Toll-like receptors (TLR) 2 and 4 in apical periodontitis (AP) in Wistar rats. Forty Wistar rats were allocated in the following groups (n = 10): C-control; AP-apical periodontitis; LF-liver fibrosis; AP + LF-rats with AP and LF. LF and AP were induced by established methodologies. Histological, bacteriological, and immunohistochemical analyses were performed according to pre-established scores. For comparisons between AP and AP + LF groups, the Mann-Whitney test was used (P < .05). The livers of the LF and AP + LF groups showed generalized portal inflammatory infiltrate and collagen fibers confirming the presence of LF. Histopathological analysis in the maxilla of the AP + LF group showed areas of necrosis comprising the entire dental pulp and periapical tissue surrounded by a more intense inflammatory infiltrate than observed in the AP group (P = 0.032). A significant number of specimens in the AP + LF group showed microorganisms beyond the apical foramen adhered to the extraradicular biofilm, demonstrating greater invasion compared to the AP group (P = .008). Immunohistochemical analysis showed a large number of cells immunoreactive for TLR2 and TLR4 in the AP + LF group, compared to the AP group (P < 0.05). Liver fibrosis favors the inflammation and contamination of microorganisms in apical periodontitis and triggers the expression of TLR2 and TLR4, modulating innate immunity response in periapical lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Cantiga-Silva
- Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Chaves de Oliveira
- Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávio Duarte Faria
- Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Mariana Pagliusi Justo
- Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Sivieri-Araújo
- Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Edilson Ervolino
- Department of Basic Science, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiago Novaes Pinheiro
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Dental School of Amazonas State University, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Juan José Segura-Egea
- Endodontic Section, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra
- Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
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Şehirli AÖ, Aksoy U, Sibai A, Orhan K, Sayıner S. Effects of N-acetyl-L-cysteine against apical periodontitis in rats with adriamycin-induced cardiomyopathy and nephropathy. Int Endod J 2024; 57:195-207. [PMID: 38071432 DOI: 10.1111/iej.14010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) against apical periodontitis (AP) in rats with adriamycin (ADR)-induced kidney and heart diseases. METHODOLOGY Fourty-eight Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups: (1) Control group, (2) ADR group (1 mg/kg/day ip for 10 days), (3) AP Group (1st mandibular molar tooth), (4) AP + ADR Group, (5) AP + NAC group (150 mg/kg/day ip), and (6) AP + ADR + NAC group. After 3 weeks, the rats were decapitated and blood and tissue samples (heart, kidney, and jaw) were collected. Tissue samples were evaluated by biochemical (inflammatory cytokines and hemodynamic parameters) and radiological analyses. One-way anova with Tukey post hoc tests was used to compare data, considering p < .05 as statistically significant. RESULTS The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, BUN, Creatinine, CK, and LDH were elevated in the test groups compared with the control group, and treatment with NAC reduced these levels (p < .05). Heart and kidney tissue analysis showed a higher heart-to-body weight ratio (HW/BW) and kidney-to-body weight ratio (KW/BW) in the test groups compared with the control group (p < .05). No significant differences in HW/BW and KW/BW were found between the control and AP + NAC groups. Volumetric apical bone resorption analysis showed an increase in periapical radiolucencies in AP-induced groups indicating apical periodontitis. NAC treatment reduced the total area and volume of resorption cavities (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that NAC's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects can reduce adriamycin-mediated heart and kidney damage and may have a positive effect on apical periodontitis in individuals with nephropathy and cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Özer Şehirli
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Umut Aksoy
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Abdullah Sibai
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Near East University, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Kaan Orhan
- Department of DentoMaxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Serkan Sayıner
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Near East University, North Cyprus, Turkey
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Segura-Egea JJ, Cabanillas-Balsera D, Martín-González J, Cintra LTA. Impact of systemic health on treatment outcomes in endodontics. Int Endod J 2023; 56 Suppl 2:219-235. [PMID: 35752972 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The healing of periapical lesions after root canal treatment (RCT) is not the result of the curative action of the treatment. The process of healing begins with inflammation, and is resolved by the clearance of the immunogen that induces the immune response. Then, the periapical tissue itself carries out the healing of the periapical lesion, by repair or by a combination of repair and regeneration, depending on the host's reparative response working properly. The ultimate objective of RCT is to achieve wound healing by removing the source of bacterial antigens and toxins, allowing chronic inflammatory tissue to become reparative tissue. Some systemic conditions increase the susceptibility of the host to infection or impair the tissue reparative response, maintaining the inflammatory process and periapical bone resorption after RCT. This can cause the failure of RCT and even the need for extraction of the affected tooth. OBJECTIVE To analyse the scientific literature on the possible influence of systemic conditions on the treatment outcomes in endodontics, as well as to discuss the biological mechanisms that may be involved. METHODS The search was carried out in PubMed, SCOPUS and EMBASE. The inclusion criteria established were original scientific articles reporting data about some systemic condition in relation to treatment outcomes in endodontics, including clinical studies and studies carried out in animal models. RESULTS Systemic factors (age, nutrition, stress, hormones, smoking habits), and systemic diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, HIV infection, inflammatory bowel disease, and others, can influence or interfere in the repair of periapical tissues after RCT. DISCUSSION Some of these systemic diseases can alter bone turnover and fibroblast function, preventing or delaying periapical wound healing. Others can alter the microvasculature, reducing nutrients and oxygen supply to periapical tissues. As a result, these systemic conditions can decrease the success rate of RCT and provoke incomplete wound healing (typically granulomatous tissue formation) in the periapical region. CONCLUSIONS The results of this narrative review show worse success rate of RCT, with higher percentage of postoperative radiolucent periapical lesions and higher proportion of non-retained teeth (RFT), associated with several systemic conditions, such as smoking habits and diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Segura-Egea
- Endodontic Section, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Daniel Cabanillas-Balsera
- Endodontic Section, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Jenifer Martín-González
- Endodontic Section, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Luciano T A Cintra
- Endodontic Section, Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São Paulo, Brazil
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Clinical Study of Oral Mucosal Lesions in the Elderly-Prevalence and Distribution. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052853. [PMID: 35270543 PMCID: PMC8910280 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence, pattern, and distribution of oral mucosa lesions in elderly patients attending an outpatient oral pathology clinic. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 2747 patients' medical files was performed. Of these, 1398 (50.6%) belonged to seniors. The mean age was 69.8 ± 7.1, and women were in the majority. RESULTS Among the entire group of patients, the three most common mucosal lesions were: oral lichenoid diseases (OLDs), lingual changes, and small nodules. In the female group, the most common diagnoses were: OLDs, lingual changes, and oral candidiasis; in the male population, the most common diagnoses were: lingual changes, small nodules, and OLDs. Those suffering from OLDs were the youngest patients, and those with focal oral mucosa erosions and ulcerations were the oldest patients. In the groups aged 60-70 and 71-80 years old, the most common diagnoses were OLDs, and in the oldest group (+80 years old), they were lingual lesions. CONCLUSIONS Oral health has an obvious impact on the functional, psychological, and behavioral quality of life. There is a small number of publications concerning the prevalence and distribution of oral mucosa lesions in the senior population of European countries. Our study is filling in that void.
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TANBEK K, OZEROL E, YILMAZ U, YILMAZ N, GUL M, COLAK C. Alpha Lipoic Acid Decreases Neuronal Damage on Brain Tissue of STZ-Induced Diabetic Rats. Physiol Behav 2022; 248:113727. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Toxic Effects of Mycotoxin Fumonisin B1 at Six Different Doses on Female BALB/c Mice. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 14:toxins14010021. [PMID: 35050998 PMCID: PMC8778239 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14010021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Fumonisin B1 (FB1) is one of the most common mycotoxins contaminating feed and food. Although regulatory limits about fumonisins have been established in some countries, it is still very important to conduct research on lower doses of FB1 to determine the tolerance limits. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different concentrations of FB1, provide further evidence about the toxic doses- and exposure time-associated influence of FB1 on mice, especially low levels of FB1 for long-term exposure. Methods: Female BALB/c mice were treated intragastrically (i.g.) with fumonisin B1 (FB1) solutions (0 mg/kg body weight (BW), 0.018 mg/kg BW, 0.054 mg/kg BW, 0.162 mg/kg BW, 0.486 mg/kg BW, 1.458 mg/kg BW and 4.374 mg/kg BW) once a day for 8 weeks to obtain dose- and time-dependent effects on body and organ weights, hematology, blood chemical parameters and liver and kidney histopathology. Results: After the long-term administration of FB1, the body weights of the mice tended to decrease. Over time, FB1 first increased the relative spleen weight, then increased the relative kidney weight, and finally increased the relative liver weight. The mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), hemoglobin (HGB), white blood cells (WBC), platelets (PLT), and mean platelet volume (MPV) were significantly elevated after treatment with FB1 for 8 weeks. Moreover, exposure time-dependent responses were found for aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level, which were coupled with hepatic histopathological findings, necroinflammation and vacuolar degeneration and detrital necrosis. Linear dose response was also found for liver histopathology, in which, even the minimum dose of FB1 exposure also caused changes. Renal alterations were moderate compared to hepatic alterations. Conclusion: In conclusion, we demonstrated the systemic toxic effects of different doses of FB1 in female BALB/c mice at different times. Our data indicated that the effects observed in this study at the lowest dose tested are discussed in relation to the currently established provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) for fumonisins. This study suggested that recommendations for the concentration of FB1 in animals and humans are not sufficiently protective and that regulatory doses should be modified to better protect animal and human health. The toxicity of FB1 needs more attention.
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Sprengell M, Kubera B, Peters A. Brain Mass (Energy) Resistant to Hyperglycaemic Oversupply: A Systematic Review. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:740502. [PMID: 34803585 PMCID: PMC8600366 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.740502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral energy supply is determined by the energy content of the blood. Accordingly, the brain is undersupplied during hypoglycaemia. Whether or not there is an additional cerebral energy demand that depends upon the energy content of the brain is considered differently in two opposing theoretical approaches. The Selfish-Brain theory postulates that the brain actively demands energy from the body when needed, while long-held theories, the gluco-lipostatic theory and its variants, deny such active brain involvement and view the brain as purely passively supplied. Here we put the competing theories to the test. We conducted a systematic review of a condition in which the rival theories make opposite predictions, i.e., experimental T1DM. The Selfish-Brain theory predicts that induction of experimental type 1 diabetes causes minor mass (energy) changes in the brain as opposed to major glucose changes in the blood. This prediction becomes our hypothesis to be tested here. A total of 608 works were screened by title and abstract, and 64 were analysed in full text. According to strict selection criteria defined in our PROSPERO preannouncement and complying with PRISMA guidelines, 18 studies met all inclusion criteria. Thirteen studies provided sufficient data to test our hypothesis. The 13 evaluable studies (15 experiments) showed that the diabetic groups had blood glucose concentrations that differed from controls by +294 ± 96% (mean ± standard deviation) and brain mass (energy) that differed from controls by −4 ± 13%, such that blood changes were an order of magnitude greater than brain changes (T = 11.5, df = 14, p < 0.001). This finding confirms not only our hypothesis but also the prediction of the Selfish-Brain theory, while the predictions of the gluco-lipostatic theory and its variants were violated. The current paper completes a three-part series of systematic reviews, the two previous papers deal with a distal and a proximal bottleneck in the cerebral brain supply, i.e., caloric restriction and cerebral artery occlusion. All three papers demonstrate that accurate predictions are only possible if one regards the brain as an organ that regulates its energy concentrations independently and occupies a primary position in a hierarchically organised energy metabolism. Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=156816, PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42020156816.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Sprengell
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), Medical Clinic 1, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Britta Kubera
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), Medical Clinic 1, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Achim Peters
- Center of Brain, Behavior and Metabolism (CBBM), Medical Clinic 1, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
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Cintra LTA, Gomes MS, da Silva CC, Faria FD, Benetti F, Cosme-Silva L, Samuel RO, Pinheiro TN, Estrela C, González AC, Segura-Egea JJ. Evolution of endodontic medicine: a critical narrative review of the interrelationship between endodontics and systemic pathological conditions. Odontology 2021; 109:741-769. [PMID: 34240297 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-021-00636-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endodontics has gained emphasis in the scientific community in recent years due to the increase in clinical and in animal models studies focused on endodontic medicine, which aims to evaluate the interrelationship between systemic and periapical tissues pathological conditions. These studies have shown that systemic changes can boost the pathogenesis of endodontic infection, favoring its development and progression. A contrary relationship is reported in numerous studies that affirm the potential of endodontic infection to trigger systemic damage and may lead to the worsening of pre-existing pathologies. Recently, the potential of filling materials to develop systemic changes such as neurological alterations had been evaluated, also showing that systemic diseases can negatively influence tissue responses to filling materials after endodontic treatment. Despite advances in endodontic medicine studies, there are still gaps in knowledge on the mechanisms of interactions between apical periodontitis (AP) and systemic diseases and much research to be done. In this sense, this critical narrative literature review aimed to show the evolution of studies in endodontic medicine to help the endodontist to know the role of systemic diseases in the pathogenesis of AP and the possible interference in the repair of periapical tissues after endodontic treatment, as well as to evidence the systemic complications that can be triggered or aggravated in the presence of endodontic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciano Tavares Angelo Cintra
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Section, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), José Bonifácio, 1193, Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, SP, CEP 16015-050, Brazil. .,Dental Assistance Center for Disabled Persons (CAOE) of the São Paulo State University (Unesp), School of Dentistry, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Maximiliano Schünke Gomes
- Departament of Odontology, School of Dentistry and Medical and Dental Center, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Cantiga da Silva
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Section, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), José Bonifácio, 1193, Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, SP, CEP 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Flávio Duarte Faria
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Section, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University (Unesp), José Bonifácio, 1193, Vila Mendonça, Araçatuba, SP, CEP 16015-050, Brazil
| | - Francine Benetti
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leopoldo Cosme-Silva
- Department of Clinics and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas (Unifal), Alfenas, MG, Brazil
| | - Renata Oliveira Samuel
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Dental School, Universidade de Uberaba, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Tiago Novaes Pinheiro
- Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Dental School of Amazonas State University, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Carlos Estrela
- Department of Stomatologic Sciences, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Juan José Segura-Egea
- Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry, University of Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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Alabi TD, de Villiers C, du Plessis SS, Monsees TK, Brooks NL, Oguntibeju OO. The Beneficial Role of Anchomanes difformis in STZ-Induced Reproductive Dysfunction in Male Wistar Rats. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:4543-4560. [PMID: 33262627 PMCID: PMC7698316 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s270783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progression of diabetes mellitus has increasingly led to several diabetic complications. Diabetes is one of the major factors implicated in male reproductive system damage. Recent approaches such as the use of medicinal plants have been explored in the management of diabetes and associated complications. Anchomanes difformis (common name: children's umbrella) has been shown to possess anti-diabetic ability in animal model. Therefore, this study seeks to investigate the potency of Achomanes difformis in ameliorating diabetes-induced reproductive dysfunction. METHODS Type 2 diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats with 10% fructose administration for 2 weeks and an intraperitoneal injection of 40mg/kgBW of streptozotocin. Aqueous extract (200mg and 400mg/kgBW) of Anchomanes difformis leaves was administered daily for 6 weeks. The rats were randomly divided into 7 groups with a minimum of eight rats in each (8 rats in normal groups and 10 in diabetic groups). The impact of diabetes and treatment was investigated by estimating sperm concentration, motility indices, viability and morphological parameters in the normal, treatment controls and diabetic rats using CASA-SCA system. Histological examination of the testes and epididymis was performed. RESULTS Diabetes induction resulted in significant decrease in sperm concentration, viability and some motility parameters with 40% abnormalities in sperm morphology. The administration of Anchomanes difformis significantly increased sperm concentration and sperm viability, while it significantly improved the percentage of morphologically normal sperm in diabetic rats. Anchomanes difformis ameliorated testicular damage such as vacuolization and loss of germinal epithelium in the diabetic-treated rats when compared to the diabetic controls. CONCLUSION The potency Anchomanes difformis displayed against diabetic-induced damage in the reproductive system might be a new and promising tool in the management of male reproductive dysfunctions and associated complications in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toyin Dorcas Alabi
- Phytomedicine & Phytochemistry Group, Oxidative Stress Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Charon de Villiers
- PUDAC-Delft Animal Facility, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town7505, South Africa
| | - Stephan S du Plessis
- Division of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Tygerberg7505, South Africa
| | - Thomas K Monsees
- Department of Medical Biosciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville7535, South Africa
| | - Nicole L Brooks
- Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Oluwafemi Omoniyi Oguntibeju
- Phytomedicine & Phytochemistry Group, Oxidative Stress Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, Bellville, South Africa
- Correspondence: Oluwafemi Omoniyi Oguntibeju Tel +27 219538495 Email
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Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg Balance in Apical Periodontitis of Normoglycemic and Diabetic Rats. J Endod 2019; 45:1009-1015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2019.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Adebowale TO, Liu H, Oso AO, Oke OE, Hussain T, Bamgbose AM, Yao K, Yulong Y. Effect of dietary niacin supplementation on performance, total tract nutrient retention, carcass yield and meat lipid profile of growing turkeys. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1071/an17806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A study was conducted to investigate the influence of dietary high or recommended nicotinic acid (niacin) supplementation on growth performance, total tract nutrient digestibility, hematology, serum chemistry, and lipoprotein concentrations in the serum and meat of growing turkeys. Turkeys were assigned to three treatments on weight equalisation basis with five replicates of eight turkeys in each group. Experimental diets were: no supplemental niacin (Control), a diet supplemented with 60 mg/kg niacin termed as recommended niacin supplementation and a diet supplemented with 180 mg/kg niacin termed as high niacin supplementation (HNS). The experiment lasted for the grower (Day 56–84) and finisher phases (Day 84–112) of the birds. Dietary inclusion of HNS increased (P < 0.01) bodyweight gain, metabolisable energy (Days 84 and 112), dressing percentage and retail cut parts of turkeys (Day 112) in relation to the Control-fed turkeys. Furthermore, least white blood cell count and higher concentrations of packed cell volume, red blood cells and hemoglobin (P < 0.01) were found in turkeys fed HNS on Days 84 and 112. Similarly, turkeys in the HNS group had improved serum constituents including serum protein, uric acid, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphate. The blood and meat lipid profile analysis showed that low density lipoprotein and total cholesterol were least (P < 0.05) in turkeys fed HNS. Collectively, dietary high supplementation of niacin (180 mg/kg) improves production performances, reduces serum and meat fat content and improve indicators of stress resistance ability in growing turkeys.
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Cintra LTA, Estrela C, Azuma MM, Queiroz ÍODA, Kawai T, Gomes-Filho JE. Endodontic medicine: interrelationships among apical periodontitis, systemic disorders, and tissue responses of dental materials. Braz Oral Res 2018; 32:e68. [DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Yu T, Zhao L, Zhang JC, Xuan DY. [Impacts of periodontitis on visceral organ weight and weight percentage in obese mice]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2018; 36:514-520. [PMID: 30465345 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2018.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the impacts of periodontitis on the visceral weight and weight percentage of obese animal models. METHODS A total of 64 C57BL/6J mice were divided into the following diet groups: high-fat diet (HFD) group (n=36), which was fed with high-fat diet to induce obesity, and low-fat diet (LFD) group (n=28), which was fed with low-fat diet as the control. After 16 weeks on diet, each diet group was divided into periodontitis (P) and control (C) groups. The P groups were induced for periodontitis by ligation with Porphyromonas gingivalis-adhered silk for 5 or 10 days, and the C groups were sham-ligated as the control. Visceral organs were resected and weighed. The organ weight percentage was calculated. RESULTS Compared with the LFD group, the HFD group significantly upregulated the weight and weight percentage of visceral adipose tissue and spleen (P<0.05), upregulated the weight of liver and kidney (P<0.05), and downregulated the weight percentage of liver and kidney (P<0.01). In the HFD group, the weight and weight percentage of spleen were downregulated in the P group (P<0.05), but were upregulated in the 10-day group compared with the 5-day group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis can affect the general morphology of the viscera (especially spleen) in obese animal models. Pathological indications in terms of immunometabolism might be present in the correlation between obesity and periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yu
- Dept. of Periodontology, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Guangzhou 510140, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Dept. of Prosthodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Jin-Cai Zhang
- Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing100049, China
| | - Dong-Ying Xuan
- Dept. of Periodontology, Hangzhou Dental Hospital, Savaid Medical School, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310006, China
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14
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Effect of N-Acetylcysteine on Antioxidant Defense, Oxidative Modification, and Salivary Gland Function in a Rat Model of Insulin Resistance. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6581970. [PMID: 29636851 PMCID: PMC5831706 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6581970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the salivary gland dysfunction in insulin resistance (IR). It is not surprising that new substances are constantly being sought that will protect against the harmful effects of IR in the oral cavity environment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on oxidative stress and secretory function of salivary glands in a rat model of insulin resistance. Rats were divided into 4 groups: C-normal diet, C + NAC-normal diet + NAC, HFD-high-fat diet, and HFD + NAC. We have demonstrated that NAC elevated enzymatic (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase) and nonenzymatic antioxidants (reduced glutathione (GSH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAS)) in the parotid glands of HFD + NAC rats, while in the submandibular glands increased only GSH and TAS levels. NAC protects against oxidative damage only in the parotid glands and increased stimulated salivary secretion; however, it does not increase the protein secretion in the both salivary glands. Summarizing, NAC supplementation prevents the decrease of stimulated saliva secretion, seen in the HFD rats affected. NAC improves the antioxidative capacity of the both glands and protects against oxidative damage to the parotid glands of IR rats.
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15
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Azuma MM, Gomes-Filho JE, Prieto AKC, Samuel RO, de Lima VMF, Sumida DH, Ervolino E, Cintra LTA. Diabetes increases interleukin-17 levels in periapical, hepatic, and renal tissues in rats. Arch Oral Biol 2017; 83:230-235. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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16
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Endodontic infections increase leukocyte and lymphocyte levels in the blood. Clin Oral Investig 2017; 22:1395-1401. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2222-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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17
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Prieto AKC, Gomes-Filho JE, Azuma MM, Sivieri-Araújo G, Narciso LG, Souza JC, Ciarlini PC, Cintra LTA. Influence of Apical Periodontitis on Stress Oxidative Parameters in Diabetic Rats. J Endod 2017; 43:1651-1656. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2017.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Ferreira LL, Gomes Filho JE, Sumida DH, Bonfim SRM, Sivieri-Araújo G, Guimarães G, Cintra LTA. Diabetic Rats Present High Mean Platelet Count in the Presence of Oral Infections. Braz Dent J 2017; 28:548-551. [DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440201701386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract Platelet count is associated with inflammatory diseases like diabetes mellitus (DM), which in turn, is related in a bidirectional manner with apical periodontitis and periodontal disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of apical periodontitis and/or periodontal disease on mean platelet count in a rat model of diabetes mellitus. Eighty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 8 groups (n=10): control (C), apical periodontitis (AP), periodontal disease (PD), apical periodontitis with periodontal disease (AP-PD), diabetes mellitus (DM), diabetes mellitus with apical periodontitis (DM-AP), diabetes mellitus with periodontal disease (DM-PD) and diabetes mellitus with apical periodontitis and periodontal disease (DM-AP-PD). Rats were anesthetized and DM was induced with a single dose of streptozotocin diluted in citrate buffer solution. After 6 days, the DM was confirmed. The animals were sedated and apical periodontitis was induced by dental exposure and periodontal disease was induced by periodontal ligature. After 30 days, animals were anesthetized and the blood was collected by cardiac puncture. Samples were processed and the mean platelet count was obtained. Data were tabulated and subjected to statistical analysis (p<0.05). Diabetic rats had higher mean glycemic levels compared with nondiabetic rats at 6 and 36 days after DM induction (p<0.05). The DM-PD and DM-PD-AP groups showed increased mean platelet count compared to control and AP groups (p<0.05). The periodontal disease alone or associated with apical periodontitis influence mean platelet count in a rat model of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Gustav Guimarães
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Brazil; Centro Universitário São Lucas, Brazil
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19
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钟 素, 倪 佳, 柴 巧, 陈 蕾, 章 锦. [Effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on serum inflammatory markers and metabolic level in obese rats]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2017; 37:807-811. [PMID: 28669957 PMCID: PMC6744135 DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2017.06.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on serum inflammatory factors and metabolism levels in obese rats with experimental periodontitis. METHODS Sixteen obese rats with experimental periodontitis were randomly divided into treatment group and control group with non-surgical periodontal therapy and no treatment, respectively. Oral glucose tolerance test was performed before treatment and 2 weeks after the treatment. All the rats were sacrificed 2 weeks after treatment and the orbital vein blood was taken to detect fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, and serum level of C-reactive protein (CRP). Results Two weeks after periodontal treatment, fasting blood glucose (t=2.445, P=0.034) and beta cell function index (t=-2.543, P=0.027) were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group. Compared with those in the control group, CRP level (t=2.388, P=0.028) and the area under the curve in the oral glucose tolerance test (t=12.053, P=0.000) decreased significantly in the treatment group. CONCLUSION Non-surgical periodontal treatment can reduce serum CRP level and improve glucose metabolism in obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- 素兰 钟
- 南方医科大学口腔医院//广东省口腔医院牙体牙髓科,广东 广州 510515Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Southern Medical University/Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 佳 倪
- 南方医科大学口腔医院//广东省口腔医院牙体牙髓科,广东 广州 510515Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Southern Medical University/Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 巧学 柴
- 南方医科大学口腔医院//广东省口腔医院牙体牙髓科,广东 广州 510515Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Southern Medical University/Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 蕾 陈
- 南方医科大学口腔医院//广东省口腔医院牙体牙髓科,广东 广州 510515Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology of Southern Medical University/Guangdong Provincial Stomatological Hospital, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - 锦才 章
- 中国科学院大学存济医学院,北京University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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