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Lee CK, Wang FT, Huang CH, Chan WH. Prevention of methylmercury-triggered ROS-mediated impairment of embryo development by co-culture with adult adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2024; 13:tfad122. [PMID: 38162594 PMCID: PMC10753290 DOI: 10.1093/toxres/tfad122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a potent toxin that exerts deleterious effects on human health via environmental contamination. Significant effects of MeHg on neuronal development in embryogenesis have been reported. Recently, our group demonstrated that MeHg exerts toxic effects on pre- and post-implantation embryonic development processes from zygote to blastocyst stage. Our results showed that MeHg impairs embryo development by induction of apoptosis through reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation that triggers caspase-3 cleavage and activation, which, in turn, stimulates p21-activated kinase 2 (PAK2) activity. Importantly, ROS were identified as a key upstream regulator of apoptotic events in MeHg-treated blastocysts. Data from the current study further confirmed that MeHg exerts hazardous effects on cell proliferation, apoptosis, implantation, and pre- and post-implantation embryo development. Notably, MeHg-induced injury was markedly prevented by co-culture with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) in vitro. Furthermore, ADMSC injection significantly reduced MeHg-mediated deleterious effects on embryo, placenta, and fetal development in vivo. Further investigation of the regulatory mechanisms by which co-cultured ADMSCs could prevent MeHg-induced impairment of embryo development revealed that ADMSCs effectively reduced ROS generation and its subsequent downstream apoptotic events, including loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and activation of caspase-3 and PAK2. The collective findings indicate that co-culture with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or utilization of MSC-derived cell-conditioned medium offers an effective potential therapeutic strategy to prevent impairment of embryo development by MeHg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Kai Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health & Welfare, Zhongshan Road, Taoyuan District, Taoyuan City 33004, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Ting Wang
- Rehabilitation and Technical Aid Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Section 2, Shipai Road, Beitou District, Taipei City 11217, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hsun Huang
- Hungchi Gene IVF Center, Daxing West Road, Taoyuan District, Taoyuan City 330012, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsiung Chan
- Department of Bioscience Technology and Center for Nanotechnology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Zhongbei Road, Zhongli District, Taoyuan City 32023, Taiwan
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Ahmed EH, Grawish ME, Anees MM, Elhindawy MM, El Rahman MA, Helal ME. Impact of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on the submandibular gland structure of adult male albino rats exposed to cadmium chloride toxicity. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 145:105585. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Plumping up a Cushion of Human Biowaste in Regenerative Medicine: Novel Insights into a State-of-the-Art Reserve Arsenal. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:2709-2739. [PMID: 35505177 PMCID: PMC9064122 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10383-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Major breakthroughs and disruptive methods in disease treatment today owe their thanks to our inch by inch developing conception of the infinitive aspects of medicine since the very beginning, among which, the role of the regenerative medicine can on no account be denied, a branch of medicine dedicated to either repairing or replacing the injured or diseased cells, organs, and tissues. A novel means to accomplish such a quest is what is being called “medical biowaste”, a large assortment of biological samples produced during a surgery session or as a result of physiological conditions and biological activities. The current paper accentuating several of a number of promising sources of biowaste together with their plausible applications in routine clinical practices and the confronting challenges aims at inspiring research on the existing gap between clinical and basic science to further extend our knowledge and understanding concerning the potential applications of medical biowaste.
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HEK293-Conditioned Medium Altered the Expression of Renal Markers WT1, CD2AP, and CDH16 in the Human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells. REGENERATIVE ENGINEERING AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40883-021-00246-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Payandeh Z, Pirpour Tazehkand A, Azargoonjahromi A, Almasi F, Alagheband Bahrami A. The Role of Cell Organelles in Rheumatoid Arthritis with Focus on Exosomes. Biol Proced Online 2021; 23:20. [PMID: 34736402 PMCID: PMC8567674 DOI: 10.1186/s12575-021-00158-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Auto-immune diseases involved at least 25% of the population in wealthy countries. Several factors including genetic, epigenetic, and environmental elements are implicated in development of Rheumatoid Arthritis as an autoimmune disease. Autoantibodies cause synovial inflammation and arthritis, if left untreated or being under continual external stimulation, could result in chronic inflammation, joint injury, and disability. T- and B-cells, signaling molecules, proinflammatory mediators, and synovium-specific targets are among the new therapeutic targets. Exosomes could be employed as therapeutic vectors in the treatment of autoimmune diseases. Herein, the role of cell organelle particularly exosomes in Rheumatoid Arthritis had discussed and some therapeutic applications of exosome highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Payandeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abbas Pirpour Tazehkand
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Faezeh Almasi
- Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Lab, Department of Microbial Biotechnology, School of Biology and Center of Excellence in Phylogeny of Living Organisms, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armina Alagheband Bahrami
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Therapeutic Effect of Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells and Human Placental Extract on Testicular Toxicity Resulting from Doxorubicin in Rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9979670. [PMID: 34409109 PMCID: PMC8367585 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9979670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oncotherapeutics like doxorubicin can affect male gonads; as a result, it leads to infertility. This work was conducted to demonstrate the toxic effects of doxorubicin on testes of male albino rats. Fifty male albino rats aged 5-7 weeks were used in this study. The animals were randomly separated into 5 sets (each set containing ten rats). Group I received saline (i.p.) for 4 weeks. Group II was given doxorubicin (DOX), 5 mg/kg BW (i.p.) once/week for 4 weeks. Groups III and IV were treated in the same way as the DOX group, left for one week without medication, and then injected with mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) or human placental extract (HPE) therapy in a single dose of 5 × 106 in 200 ml PRP/week or 40 μl placental extract for 4 weeks via the caudal vein. Group V rats were treated in the same way as the DOX group also, left for one week without medication, and then injected with MSC+HPE. A significant decrease in serum testosterone, FSH, and LH levels was observed in rats treated with DOX compared to the control group. A significant elevation was recorded in rats treated with DOX+MSC or DOX+HPE when compared with the DOX group only. Rats that were given MSC+HPE after DOX intoxication showed a significant increase in hormone levels when compared to rats treated with either MSC or HPE. Light and electron microscopic examinations revealed that DOX intoxication initiated degenerative and necrotic changes in seminiferous tubules associated with partial or complete cessation of spermatogenesis. These effects were reversed by the effect of MSC or HPE. Coadministration of MSC and HPE even showed further improvement. Finally, we can say that doxorubicin has a deleterious impact on rat testes; however, therapeutic effects can be induced through MSC and/or HPE administration.
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Eirin A, Lerman LO. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Chronic Kidney Disease: Are We There Yet? Hypertension 2021; 78:261-269. [PMID: 34176287 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.121.14596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are the most utilized cell type for cellular therapy, partly due to their important proliferative potential and ability to differentiate into various cell types. MSCs produce large amounts of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which carry genetic and protein cargo to mediate MSC paracrine function. Recently, MSC-derived EVs have been successfully used in several preclinical models of chronic kidney disease. However, uncertainty remains regarding EV fate, safety, and long-term effects, which might impose important limitations on their path to clinical translation. This review discusses the therapeutic application of MSC-derived EV therapy for renal disease, with particular emphasis on potential mechanisms of kidney repair and major translational barriers. Emerging evidence indicates that the cargo of MSC-derived EVs is capable of modulating several pathways responsible for renal injury, including inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, fibrosis, and microvascular remodeling. EV-induced modulation of these pathways has been associated with important renoprotective effects in experimental studies. However, scarce clinical data are available, and several challenges need to be addressed as we move toward clinical translation, including standardization of methods for EV isolation and characterization, EV fate, duration of EV effects, and effects of cardiovascular risk factors. MSC-derived EVs have the potential to preserve renal structure and function, but further experimental and clinical evidence is needed to confirm their protective effects in patients with chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfonso Eirin
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | - Lilach O Lerman
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Atia MM, Alghriany AA. Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells rescue rat hippocampal cells from aluminum oxide nanoparticle-induced apoptosis via regulation of P53, Aβ, SOX2, OCT4, and CYP2E1. Toxicol Rep 2021; 8:1156-1168. [PMID: 34150525 PMCID: PMC8190131 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess a preventive capacity against free radical toxicity in various tissues. The present study aimed to demonstrate the reformative and treatment roles of adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) against severe toxicity in the hippocampal cells of the brain caused by aluminum oxide nanoparticles (Al2O3-NPs). Rats were divided into five experimental groups: an untreated control group, a control group receiving NaCl, a group receiving Al2O3-NPs (6 mg/kg) for 20 days, a group that was allowed to recover (R) for 20 days following treatment with Al2O3-NPs, and a Al2O3-NPs + AD-MSCs group, where each rat was injected with 0.8 × 106 AD-MSCs via the caudal vein. Oral administration of Al2O3-NPs increased the protein levels of P53, cleaved caspase-3, CYP2E1, and beta-amyloid (Aβ); contrarily, AD-MSCs transplantation downregulated the levels of these proteins. In addition, the AD-MSCs-treated hippocampal cells were protected from Al2O3-NPs-induced toxicity, as detected by the expression levels of Sox2 and Oct4 that are essential for the maintenance of self-renewal. It was also found that AD-MSCs injection significantly altered the levels of brain total peroxide and monoamine oxidase (MAO)-A and MAO-B activities. Histologically, our results indicated that AD-MSCs alleviated the severe damage in the hippocampal cells induced by Al2O3-NPs. Moreover, the role of AD-MSCs in reducing hippocampal cell death was reinforced by the regulation of P53, cleaved caspase-3, Aβ, and CYP2E1 proteins, as well as by the regulation of SOX2 and OCT4 levels and MAO-A and MAO-B activities.
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Key Words
- AD-MSCs, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells
- Adipose-Derived mesenchymal stem cells
- Al2O3-NPs, Aluminum oxide nanoparticles
- Aluminum oxide nanoparticles
- Apoptosis
- Aβ, amyloid beta
- EGTA, ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid
- Hippocampal cells
- MAO-A and B, monoamine oxidase A, B
- Oct4, octamer-binding transcription factor 4
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- Sox2, sex-determining region Y-box 2
- TEM, transmission electron microscopy
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M. Atia
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Egypt
| | - Alshaimaa A.I. Alghriany
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Egypt
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Wei JJ, Tang L, Chen LL, Xie ZH, Ren Y, Qi HG, Lou JY, Weng GB, Zhang SW. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuates TGF-β1-Induced EMT by Increasing HGF Expression in HK-2 Cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 50:908-918. [PMID: 34183949 PMCID: PMC8223559 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v50i5.6108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have recently shown promise for the treatment of various types of chronic kidney disease models. However, the mechanism of this effect is still not well understood. Our study is aimed to investigate the effect of MSCs on transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) in renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2 cells) and the underlying mechanism related to the reciprocal balance between hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and TGF-β1. Methods: Our study was performed at Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China between Mar 2017 and Jun 2018. HK-2 cells were initially treated with TGF-β1, then co-cultured with MSCs. The induced EMT was assessed by cellular morphology and the expressions of alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and EMT-related proteins. MTS assay and flow cytometry were employed to detect the effect of TGF-β1 and MSCs on HK-2 cell proliferation and apoptosis. SiRNA against hepatocyte growth factor (siHGF) was transfected to decrease the expression of HGF to identify the role of HGF in MSCs inhibiting HK-2 cells EMT. Results: Overexpressing TGF-β1 decreased HGF expression, induced EMT, suppressed proliferation and promoted apoptosis in HK-2 cells; but when co-cultured with MSCs all the outcomes were reversed. However, after treated with siHGF, all the benefits taken from MSCs vanished. Conclusion: TGF-β1 was a motivating factor of kidney cell EMT and it suppressed the HGF expression. However, MSCs provided protection against EMT by increasing HGF level and decreasing TGF-β1 level. Our results also demonstrated HGF is one of the critical factor in MSCs anti- fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jun Wei
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liang-Liang Chen
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Xie
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Ren
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong-Gang Qi
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiang-Yong Lou
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guo-Bin Weng
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shu-Wei Zhang
- Department of Renal Transplantation, Ningbo Urology and Nephrology Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Najafi-Ghalehlou N, Roudkenar MH, Langerodi HZ, Roushandeh AM. Taming of Covid-19: potential and emerging application of mesenchymal stem cells. Cytotechnology 2021; 73:253-298. [PMID: 33776206 PMCID: PMC7982879 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-021-00461-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has turned out to cause a pandemic, with a sky scraping mortality. The virus is thought to cause tissue injury by affecting the renin-angiotensin system. Also, the role of the over-activated immune system is noteworthy, leading to severe tissue injury via the cytokine storms. Thus it would be feasible to modulate the immune system response in order to attenuate the disease severity, as well as treating the patients. Today different medicines are being administered to the patients, but regardless of the efficacy of these treatments, adverse effects are pretty probable. Meanwhile, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) prove to be an effective candidate for treating the patients suffering from COVID-19 pneumonia, owing to their immunomodulatory and tissue-regenerative potentials. So far, several experiments have been conducted; transplanting MSCs and results are satisfying with no adverse effects being reported. This paper aims to review the recent findings regarding the novel coronavirus and the conducted experiments to treat patients suffering from COVID-19 pneumonia utilizing MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Najafi-Ghalehlou
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Velayat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Paramedicine Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Habib Zayeni Langerodi
- Guilan Rheumatology Research Center (GRRC), Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Amaneh Mohammadi Roushandeh
- Burn and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Velayat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Anatomical Sciences Department, Medicine Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Zhou S, Qiao YM, Liu YG, Liu D, Hu JM, Liao J, Li M, Guo Y, Fan LP, Li LY, Zhao M. Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells pretreated with erythropoietin accelerate the repair of acute kidney injury. Cell Biosci 2020; 10:130. [PMID: 33292452 PMCID: PMC7667799 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00492-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a promising treatment option for acute kidney injury (AKI). The main drawbacks of MSCs therapy, including the lack of specific homing after systemic infusion and early cell death in the inflammatory microenvironment, directly affect the therapeutic efficacy of MSCs. Erythropoietin (EPO)-preconditioning of MSCs promotes their therapeutic effect, however, the underlying mechanism remains unknown. In this study, we sought to investigate the efficacy and mechanism of EPO in bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) for AKI treatment. Results We found that incubation of BMSCs with ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)-induced AKI kidney homogenate supernatant (KHS) caused apoptosis in BMSCs, which was decreased by EPO pretreatment, indicating that EPO protected the cells from apoptosis. Further, we showed that EPO up-regulated silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) and Bcl-2 expression and down-regulated p53 expression. This effect was partially reversed by SIRT1 siRNA intervention. The anti-apoptotic effect of EPO in pretreated BMSCs may be mediated through the SIRT1 pathway. In a rat AKI model, 24 h after intravenous infusion, GFP-BMSCs were predominantly located in the lungs. However, EPO pretreatment reduced the lung entrapment of BMSCs and increased their distribution in the target organs. AKI rats infused with EPO-BMSCs had significantly lower levels of serum IL-1β and TNF-α, and a significantly higher level of IL-10 as compared to rats infused with untreated BMSCs. The administration of EPO-BMSCs after reperfusion reduced serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and pathological scores in I/R-AKI rats more effectively than BMSCs treatment did. Conclusions Our data suggest that EPO pretreatment enhances the efficacy of BMSCs to improve the renal function and pathological presentation of I/R-AKI rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhou
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yu-Ming Qiao
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yong-Guang Liu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ding Liu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian-Min Hu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jun Liao
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li-Pei Fan
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liu-Yang Li
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No. 253, Industrial Avenue, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510280, Guangdong Province, China.
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Asgarpour K, Shojaei Z, Amiri F, Ai J, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Ghasemi F, ArefNezhad R, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Exosomal microRNAs derived from mesenchymal stem cells: cell-to-cell messages. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:149. [PMID: 32917227 PMCID: PMC7488404 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00650-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are extracellular vesicles characterized by their size, source, release mechanism and contents. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are single stranded non-coding RNAs transcribed from DNA. Exosomes and miRNAs are widespread in eukaryotic cells, especially in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs are used for tissue regeneration, and also exert paracrine, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. However, the use of MSCs is controversial, especially in the presence or after the remission of a tumor, due to their secretion of growth factors and their migration ability. Instead of intact MSCs, MSC-derived compartments or substances could be used as practical tools for diagnosis, follow up, management and monitoring of diseases. Herein, we discuss some aspects of exosomal miRNAs derived from MSCs in the progression, diagnosis and treatment of various diseases. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasra Asgarpour
- Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zahra Shojaei
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Amiri
- School of Allied Medical Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Jafar Ai
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Faezeh Ghasemi
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza ArefNezhad
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR, Iran.
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Ramírez-Bajo MJ, Martín-Ramírez J, Bruno S, Pasquino C, Banon-Maneus E, Rovira J, Moya-Rull D, Lazo-Rodriguez M, Campistol JM, Camussi G, Diekmann F. Nephroprotective Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells and Their Extracellular Vesicles in a Murine Model of Chronic Cyclosporine Nephrotoxicity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:296. [PMID: 32432111 PMCID: PMC7214690 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cell therapies and derived products have a high potential in aiding tissue and organ repairing and have therefore been considered as potential therapies for treating renal diseases. However, few studies have evaluated the impact of these therapies according to the stage of chronic kidney disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the renoprotective effect of murine bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs), their extracellular vesicles (EVs) and EVs-depleted conditioned medium (dCM) in an aggressive mouse model of chronic cyclosporine (CsA) nephrotoxicity in a preventive and curative manner. Methods After 4 weeks of CsA-treatment (75 mg/kg daily) mice developed severe nephrotoxicity associated with a poor survival rate of 25%, and characterized by tubular vacuolization, casts, and cysts in renal histology. BM-MSC, EVs and dCM groups were administered as prophylaxis or as treatment of CsA nephrotoxicity. The effect of the cell therapies was analyzed by assessing renal function, histological damage, apoptotic cell death, and gene expression of fibrotic mediators. Results Combined administration of CsA and BM-MSCs ameliorated the mice survival rates (6-15%), but significantly renal function, and histological parameters, translating into a reduction of apoptosis and fibrotic markers. On the other hand, EVs and dCM administration were only associated with a partial recovery of renal function or histological damage. Better results were obtained when used as treatment rather than as prophylactic regimen i.e., cell therapy was more effective once the damage was established. Conclusion In this study, we showed that BM-MSCs induce an improvement in renal outcomes in an animal model of CsA nephrotoxicity, particularly if the inflammatory microenvironment is already established. EVs and dCM treatment induce a partial recovery, indicating that further experiments are required to adjust timing and dose for better long-term outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Ramírez-Bajo
- Laboratori Experimental de Nefrologia i Trasplantament (LENIT), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Martín-Ramírez
- Laboratori Experimental de Nefrologia i Trasplantament (LENIT), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefania Bruno
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Università degli Studi di Torino, Centro di Biotecnologie Molecolari, Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Pasquino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Università degli Studi di Torino, Centro di Biotecnologie Molecolari, Turin, Italy
| | - Elisenda Banon-Maneus
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain.,Laboratori Experimental de Nefrologia I Trasplantament (LENIT), Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Rovira
- Laboratori Experimental de Nefrologia i Trasplantament (LENIT), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Daniel Moya-Rull
- Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain.,Laboratori Experimental de Nefrologia I Trasplantament (LENIT), Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Lazo-Rodriguez
- Laboratori Experimental de Nefrologia I Trasplantament (LENIT), Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josep M Campistol
- Laboratori Experimental de Nefrologia i Trasplantament (LENIT), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain.,Laboratori Experimental de Nefrologia I Trasplantament (LENIT), Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Nefrologia i Trasplantament Renal, ICNU, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giovanni Camussi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Università degli Studi di Torino, Centro di Biotecnologie Molecolari, Turin, Italy
| | - Fritz Diekmann
- Laboratori Experimental de Nefrologia i Trasplantament (LENIT), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Madrid, Spain.,Laboratori Experimental de Nefrologia I Trasplantament (LENIT), Fundació Clínic per la Recerca Biomèdica (FCRB), Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Nefrologia i Trasplantament Renal, ICNU, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
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14
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Nahand JS, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Moghoofei M, Pourhanifeh MH, Mirzaei HR, Asemi Z, Khatami A, Bokharaei-Salim F, Mirzaei H, Hamblin MR. Exosomal miRNAs: novel players in viral infection. Epigenomics 2020; 12:353-370. [PMID: 32093516 PMCID: PMC7713899 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2019-0192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are secreted nanovesicles that are able to transfer their cargo (such as miRNAs) between cells. To determine to what extent exosomes and exosomal miRNAs are involved in the pathogenesis, progression and diagnosis of viral infections. The scientific literature (PubMed and Google Scholar) was searched from 1970 to 2019. The complex biogenesis of exosomes and miRNAs was reviewed. Exosomes contain both viral and host miRNAs that can be used as diagnostic biomarkers for viral diseases. Viral proteins can alter miRNAs, and conversely miRNAs can alter the host response to viral infections in a positive or negative manner. It is expected that exosomal miRNAs will be increasingly used for diagnosis, monitoring and even treatment of viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javid Sadri Nahand
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Moghoofei
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | | | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry & Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Alireza Khatami
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farah Bokharaei-Salim
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry & Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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15
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Nasiri E, Alizadeh A, Roushandeh AM, Gazor R, Hashemi-Firouzi N, Golipoor Z. Melatonin-pretreated adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells efficeintly improved learning, memory, and cognition in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:1131-1143. [PMID: 31129766 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00421-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Currently, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) based therapy has extensive attraction for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, low survival rate of MSCs after transplantation is a huge challenging. The current study aimed to improve adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs)-based therapy by their pre-treatment with melatonin (MT) 'a well-known antioxidant' in an animal model of AD. In this study, after isolating rat AD-MSCs from the epididymal white adipose tissues, the cells were pretreated with 5μM of MT for 24 hours. Forty male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to control, sham, amyloid-beta (Aβ) peptide, AD-MSCs and MT-pretreated ADMSCs groups. The novel object recognition, passive avoidance test, Morris water maze and open field test were performed two months following the cell transplantation. The rats were sacrificed 69 days following cell therapy. The brain tissues were removed for histopathological analysis and also immunohistochemistry was performed for two Aβ1-42 and Iba1 proteins. It has been revealed that both AD-MSCs and MT-AD-MSCs migrated to brain tissues after intravenous transplantation. However, MT-ADMSCs significantly improved learning, memory and cognition compared with AD-MSCs (P<0.05). Furthermore, clearance of Aβ deposition and reduction of microglial cells were significantly increased in the MT-ADMSCs compared with AD-MSCs. Although stem cell therapy has been introduced as a promising strategy in neurodegenerative diseases, however, its therapeutic properties are limited. It is suggested that pretreatment of MSCs with melatonin partly would increase the cells efficiency and consequently could decrease AD complication including memory and cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim Nasiri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Akram Alizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | | | - Rouhollah Gazor
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | | | - Zoleikha Golipoor
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
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16
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Yaron JR, Kwiecien JM, Zhang L, Ambadapadi S, Wakefield DN, Clapp WL, Dabrowski W, Burgin M, Munk BH, McFadden G, Chen H, Lucas AR. Modifying the Organ Matrix Pre-engraftment: A New Transplant Paradigm? Trends Mol Med 2019; 25:626-639. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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17
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Chung BH. Use of mesenchymal stem cells for chronic kidney disease. Kidney Res Clin Pract 2019; 38:131-134. [PMID: 31189218 PMCID: PMC6577207 DOI: 10.23876/j.krcp.19.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Byung Ha Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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18
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Carter NJ, Roach ZA, Byrnes MM, Zhu Y. Adamts9 is necessary for ovarian development in zebrafish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 277:130-140. [PMID: 30951722 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Expression of adamts9 (A disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type-1 motif, member 9) increases dramatically in the somatic cells surrounding oocytes during ovulation in vertebrates from zebrafish to human. However, the function of Adamts9 during ovulation has not been determined due to the embryonic lethality of knockouts in mice and Drosophila. To identify the role of Adamts9 during ovulation we generated knockout (adamts9-/-) zebrafish using CRISPR/Cas9 and characterized the effects of the mutation. From 1047 fish generated by crossing adamts9+/- pairs, we found significantly fewer adult adamts9-/- fish (4%) than predicted by Mendelian ratios (25%). Of the mutants found, there was a significant male bias (82%). Only 3 female mutants were identified (7%), and they had small ovaries with few stage III and IV oocytes compared to wildtype (wt) counterparts of comparable size and age. Astoundingly, the remaining mutants (11%) did not appear to have normal testis or ovaries. Instead there was a pair of transparent, ovarian-like membranous shells that filled the abdominal cavity. Histological examination confirmed that shells were largely empty with no internal structure. Surprisingly, seminiferous tubules and various spermatocytes including mature spermatozoa were observed on the periphery of these transparent shells. No female or female like knockouts were observed to release eggs, and no ovulated oocytes were observed in histological sections. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an adamts9 global knockout model in any adult vertebrates and the first description of how gonadal sex and structure are affected- highlighting the importance of Adamts9 during gonadal development and the value of zebrafish as a model organism.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zachary Adam Roach
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville 27858, NC, USA
| | | | - Yong Zhu
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville 27858, NC, USA.
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19
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Efficacy Evaluation and Tracking of Bone Marrow Stromal Stem Cells in a Rat Model of Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9105768. [PMID: 31016203 PMCID: PMC6446097 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9105768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs) on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) and dynamically monitor engrafted BMSCs in vivo for the early prediction of their therapeutic effects in a rat model. Methods A rat model of RIRI was prepared by clamping the left renal artery for 45 min. One week after renal artery clamping, 2 × 106 superparamagnetic iron oxide- (SPIO-) labeled BMSCs were injected into the renal artery. Next, MR imaging of the kidneys was performed on days 1, 7, 14, and 21 after cell transplantation. On day 21, after transplantation, serum creatinine (Scr) and urea nitrogen (BUN) levels were assessed, and HE staining and TUNEL assay were also performed. Results The body weight growth rates in the SPIO-BMSC group were significantly higher than those in the PBS group (P < 0.05), and the Scr and BUN levels were also significantly lower than those in the PBS group (P < 0.05). HE staining showed that the degree of degeneration and vacuole-like changes in the renal tubular epithelial cells in the SPIO-BMSC group was significantly better than that observed in the PBS group. The TUNEL assay showed that the number of apoptotic renal tubular epithelial cells in the SPIO-BMSC group was significantly lower than that in the PBS group. The T2 value of the renal lesion was the highest on day 1 after cell transplantation, and it gradually decreased with time in both the PBS and SPIO-BMSC groups but was always the lowest in the SPIO-BMSC group. Conclusion SPIO-labeled BMSC transplantation can significantly promote the recovery of RIRI and noninvasive dynamic monitoring of engrafted cells and can also be performed simultaneously with MRI in vivo for the early prediction of therapeutic effects.
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20
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Roushandeh AM, Kuwahara Y, Roudkenar MH. Mitochondrial transplantation as a potential and novel master key for treatment of various incurable diseases. Cytotechnology 2019; 71:647-663. [PMID: 30706303 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-019-00302-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are attractive cellular organelles which are so interesting in both basic and clinical research, especially after it was found that they were arisen as a bacterial intruder in ancient cells. Interestingly, even now, they are the focus of many investigations and their function and relevance to health and disease have remained open questions. More recently, research on mitochondria have turned out their potential application in medicine as a novel therapeutic intervention. The importance of this issue is highlighted when we know that mitochondrial dysfunction can be observed in a variety of diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, ischemia, diabetes, renal failure, skeletal muscles disorders, liver diseases, burns, aging, and cancer progression. In other words, transplantation of viable mitochondria into the injured tissues would replace or augment damaged mitochondria, allowing the rescue of cells and restoration of the normal function. Therefore, mitochondrial transplantation would be revolutionary for the treatment of a variety of diseases in which conventional therapies have proved unsuccessful. Here, we describe pieces of evidence of mitochondrial transplantation, discuss and highlight the current and future directions to show why mitochondrial transplantation could be a master key for treatment of a variety of diseases or injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yoshikazu Kuwahara
- Divisions of Radiation Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran. .,Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
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21
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Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy for autoimmune diseases: emerging roles of extracellular vesicles. Mol Biol Rep 2019; 46:1533-1549. [PMID: 30623280 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-04588-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In autoimmune disease body's own immune system knows healthy cells as undesired and foreign cells. Over 80 types of autoimmune diseases have been recognized. Currently, at clinical practice, treatment strategies for autoimmune disorders are based on relieving symptoms and preventing difficulties. In other words, there is no effective and useful therapy up to now. It has been well-known that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess immunomodulatory effects. This strongly suggests that MSCs might be as a novel modality for treatment of autoimmune diseases. Supporting this notion a few preclinical and clinical studies indicate that MSCs ameliorate autoimmune disorders. Interestingly, it has been found that the beneficial effects of MSCs in autoimmune disorders are not relying only on direct cell-to-cell communication but on their capability to produce a broad range of paracrine factors including growth factors, cytokines and extracellular vehicles (EVs). EVs are multi-signal messengers that play a serious role in intercellular signaling through carrying cargo such as mRNA, miRNA, and proteins. Numerous studies have shown that MSC-derived EVs are able to mimic the effects of the cell of origin on immune cells. In this review, we discuss the current studies dealing with MSC-based therapies in autoimmune diseases and provide a vision and highlight in order to introduce MSC-derived EVs as an alternative and emerging modality for autoimmune disorders.
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22
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Bashiri H, Amiri F, Hosseini A, Hamidi M, Mohammadi Roushandeh A, Kuwahara Y, Jalili MA, Habibi Roudkenar M. Dual Preconditioning: A Novel Strategy to Withstand Mesenchymal Stem Cells against Harsh Microenvironments. Adv Pharm Bull 2018; 8:465-470. [PMID: 30276143 PMCID: PMC6156477 DOI: 10.15171/apb.2018.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Poor survival rate of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) following their transplantation is one of the major challenges in their therapeutic application. Therefore, it is necessary to augment the viability of the MSCs in order to improve their therapeutic efficacy. Several strategies have been used to overcome this problem. Preconditioning of MSCs with oxidative stresses has gained a lot of attention. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the effects of simultaneous preconditioning of MSCs with hydrogen peroxide and serum deprivation stresses on their survival and resistance to stressful conditions. Methods: MSCs were isolated from human umbilical cord blood. To perform simultaneous preconditioning, the cells were cultured in DMEM medium containing 1, 2.5 and 5 percent FBS and different concentrations of H2O2 (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 50, 60, 80 and 100 µM) for 24 hrs. Then, the cells were cultured in recovery culture medium. Finally, one group of the cells was exposed to a lethal concentration of H2O2 (300µM), and the other cells were cultivated in FBS free DMEM medium as the lethal situation. In addition, the percentage of apoptotic cells was analyzed using Caspase 3 assay kit. Results: Simultaneous preconditioning of the MSCs with 15µM H2O2 plus serum deprivation, 2.5% FBS, significantly increased the resistance of the cells to the toxicity induced following their cultivation in FBS free DMEM medium. It exerted the protective effect on the cells after treating with the lethal dose of H2O2 as well. Conclusion: Simultaneous preconditioning of MSCs with oxidative and serum deprivation stresses enhances their survival against harsh conditions, which might increase the viability and stability of the MSCs following their transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Bashiri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.,Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Fatemeh Amiri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Ali Hosseini
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Masoud Hamidi
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Paramedicine Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Amaneh Mohammadi Roushandeh
- Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Paramedicine Faculty, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Yoshikazu Kuwahara
- Division of Radiation Biology and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Mohammad Ali Jalili
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mehryar Habibi Roudkenar
- Cardiovascular Disease Research Center, Department of Cardiology, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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23
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Sherif IO, Sabry D, Abdel-Aziz A, Sarhan OM. The role of mesenchymal stem cells in chemotherapy-induced gonadotoxicity. Stem Cell Res Ther 2018; 9:196. [PMID: 30021657 PMCID: PMC6052634 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-018-0946-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2018] [Revised: 06/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The therapeutic potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) against cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity has been reported, however, its efficacy in gonadotoxicity still has not been addressed. Herein, we investigated the effect of BM-MSCs in cisplatin-induced testicular toxicity and its underlying mechanism of action. Methods Thirty male Sprague–Dawley rats were divided into a control group: injected with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) intraperitoneal (ip), a cisplatin group: injected with a single dose of 7 mg/kg cisplatin ip to induce gonadotoxicity and a BM-MSCs group: received cisplatin ip followed by BM-MSCs injection 1 day after cisplatin. In testicular tissues, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels were assessed. Additionally, gene expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), caspase-3, and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were measured. The testicular tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) protein contents and Bcl-2 associated X protein (BAX) expression were determined. Histopathology of testicular tissues was examined. Results Cisplatin injection showed a significant decrease in GSH and SOD testicular levels besides a significant increase of MDA and TNF-α testicular levels and upregulation of testicular gene expressions of iNOS, caspase-3, and p38-MAPK in comparison to the control group. Moreover, a marked increase in BAX protein expression was observed in the cisplatin group when compared with the control one. Histopathological examination exhibited significant seminiferous tubules atrophy in cisplatin-treated rats. Conclusions The BM-MSCs injection significantly repaired the testicular injury and improved both biochemical and histopathological changes. The MSCs mitigated the gonadotoxicity induced by cisplatin through antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman O Sherif
- Emergency Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Dina Sabry
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Azza Abdel-Aziz
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Osama M Sarhan
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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24
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Zhou S, Liu YG, Zhang Y, Hu JM, Liu D, Chen H, Li M, Guo Y, Fan LP, Li LY, Zhao M. Bone mesenchymal stem cells pretreated with erythropoietin enhance the effect to ameliorate cyclosporine A-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:8220-8232. [PMID: 29932236 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
An increasing number of experiments and clinical trials have demonstrated the safety, feasibility, and efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-based therapies for the treatment of various diseases. The main drawbacks of MSC therapy are the lack of specific homing after systemic infusion and early death of injected cells because of the injury micro-environment. We pretreated bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with erythropoietin (EPO) to investigate their positive effect on cyclosporine A (CsA)-induced nephrotoxicity. BMSCs were incubated with different concentrations of EPO (10, 100, 500, and 1000 IU/mL) for 24 and 48 h, and their proliferation rate, cytoskeletal morphology, migration ability, and the expression of CXCR4 were evaluated to determine the optimal pretreatment conditions. To investigate the therapeutic effects of BMSCs pretreated with EPO in CsA-induced nephrotoxicity, we established CsA-induced in vitro and in vivo toxicity models. In our in vitro study, preconditioning of BMSCs with 500 IU/mL EPO for 48 h induced a marked increase in their proliferation rate, cytoskeletal rearrangement, migration in the scrape-healing assay, and migration toward injured HK2 cells. In vivo, EPO-BMSCs showed higher ability to improve renal function than BMSCs, and in CsA-induced rats treated with EPO-BMSCs, interstitial lymphocyte infiltration, tubular swelling, necrosis, and interstitial fibrosis decreased. We demonstrated that pretreatment with 500 IU/mL EPO before infusion markedly increased the homing ability of BMSCs, and obviously ameliorate CsA-induced nephrotoxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhou
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yong-Guang Liu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian-Min Hu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ding Liu
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Li-Pei Fan
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liu-Yang Li
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China.,The Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Autoimmune Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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25
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Abbasi-Malati Z, Roushandeh AM, Kuwahara Y, Roudkenar MH. Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Horizon: A New Arsenal of Therapeutic Agents. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:484-499. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-018-9817-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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26
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Current Therapeutic Strategies for Stem Cell-Based Cartilage Regeneration. Stem Cells Int 2018; 2018:8490489. [PMID: 29765426 PMCID: PMC5889878 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8490489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The process of cartilage destruction in the diarthrodial joint is progressive and irreversible. This destruction is extremely difficult to manage and frustrates researchers, clinicians, and patients. Patients often take medication to control their pain. Surgery is usually performed when pain becomes uncontrollable or joint function completely fails. There is an unmet clinical need for a regenerative strategy to treat cartilage defect without surgery due to the lack of a suitable regenerative strategy. Clinicians and scientists have tried to address this using stem cells, which have a regenerative potential in various tissues. Cartilage may be an ideal target for stem cell treatment because it has a notoriously poor regenerative potential. In this review, we describe past, present, and future strategies to regenerate cartilage in patients. Specifically, this review compares a surgical regenerative technique (microfracture) and cell therapy, cell therapy with and without a scaffold, and therapy with nonaggregated and aggregated cells. We also review the chondrogenic potential of cells according to their origin, including autologous chondrocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells.
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27
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Uchida N, Kumagai N, Kondo Y. Application of Muse Cell Therapy for Kidney Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1103:199-218. [PMID: 30484231 DOI: 10.1007/978-4-431-56847-6_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The kidney plays an essential role in the maintenance of homeostasis in healthy individuals, e.g., by regulating the amount of water and concentration of electrolyte in the body. Owing to the structural complexity, renal dysfunction is caused by a myriad of diseases and conditions, and in severe cases, it progresses to end-stage renal disease in which patients require renal replacement therapy, i.e., maintenance dialysis or kidney transplantation. The currently available therapeutic modalities, with the exception of renal transplantation, cannot recover severely deteriorated renal function. Thus, regenerative medicine holds considerable promise as a potential means for developing next-generation renal therapeutics. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation has been investigated in acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease models, and clinical studies have already been started for some kinds of kidney diseases. However, most of these studies concluded that the main underlying mechanism of therapeutic effect of MSC transplantation was paracrine. Recently, we reported that Muse cell therapy in a murine model of chronic kidney disease resulted in differentiation of intravenously injected Muse cells into glomerular cells after preferential homing to damaged glomerulus and improvement in renal function. The result suggested the potentiality of Muse cell therapy for glomerular regeneration. Muse cells are a promising cell source for regenerative therapy for kidney diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nao Uchida
- Departments of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Naonori Kumagai
- Departments of Pediatrics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kondo
- Department of Healthcare Services Management, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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Lv W, Booz GW, Wang Y, Fan F, Roman RJ. Inflammation and renal fibrosis: Recent developments on key signaling molecules as potential therapeutic targets. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 820:65-76. [PMID: 29229532 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health issue. At the histological level, renal fibrosis is the final common pathway of progressive kidney disease irrespective of the initial injury. Considerable evidence now indicates that renal inflammation plays a central role in the initiation and progression of CKD. Some of the inflammatory signaling molecules involved in CKD include: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), bradykinin B1 receptor (B1R), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Multiple antifibrotic factors, such as interleukin-10 (IL-10), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP-7), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) are also downregulated in CKD. Therefore, restoration of the proper balance between pro- and antifibrotic signaling pathways could serve as a guiding principle for the design of new antifibrotic strategies that simultaneously target many pathways. The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing body of knowledge regarding activation of cytokine pathways and infiltration of inflammatory cells as a starting point for developing novel antifibrotic therapies to prevent progression of CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshan Lv
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 26003, China
| | - George W Booz
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Yangang Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 26003, China
| | - Fan Fan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Richard J Roman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
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Grange C, Iampietro C, Bussolati B. Stem cell extracellular vesicles and kidney injury. Stem Cell Investig 2017; 4:90. [PMID: 29270416 DOI: 10.21037/sci.2017.11.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) appear as a new promising cell-free therapy for acute and chronic renal diseases. EVs retain characteristics of the cell of origin and those derived from stem cells may mimic their regenerative properties per se. In fact, EVs contain many active molecules such as proteins and RNA species that act on target cells through different mechanisms, stimulating proliferation and angiogenesis and reducing apoptosis and inflammation. There are several reports that demonstrate a general regenerative potential of EVs derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of different sources in kidney injury models. In addition, a promising new approach is the use of EVs in the graft perfusion solution for kidney conditioning before transplant. Here we summarize the application of EVs released by stem cells in preclinical models of acute and chronic renal damage, comparing animal models, use of EVs of different cell origin and of their sub-fractions, doses, route of administration and efficacy of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Grange
- Department of Medical Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Corinne Iampietro
- Department of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Benedetta Bussolati
- Department of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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