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Hamel K, Moncada EL, Sheeler C, Rosa JG, Gilliat S, Zhang Y, Cvetanovic M. Cerebellar Heterogeneity and Selective vulnerability in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1 (SCA1). Neurobiol Dis 2024; 197:106530. [PMID: 38750673 PMCID: PMC11184674 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneity is one of the key features of the healthy brain and selective vulnerability characterizes many, if not all, neurodegenerative diseases. While cerebellum contains majority of brain cells, neither its heterogeneity nor selective vulnerability in disease are well understood. Here we describe molecular, cellular and functional heterogeneity in the context of healthy cerebellum as well as in cerebellar disease Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1 (SCA1). We first compared disease pathology in cerebellar vermis and hemispheres across anterior to posterior axis in a knock-in SCA1 mouse model. Using immunohistochemistry, we demonstrated earlier and more severe pathology of PCs and glia in the posterior cerebellar vermis of SCA1 mice. We also demonstrate heterogeneity of Bergmann glia in the unaffected, wild-type mice. Then, using RNA sequencing, we found both shared, as well as, posterior cerebellum-specific molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis that include exacerbated gene dysregulation, increased number of altered signaling pathways, and decreased pathway activity scores in the posterior cerebellum of SCA1 mice. We demonstrated unexpectedly large differences in the gene expression between posterior and anterior cerebellar vermis of wild-type mice, indicative of robust intraregional heterogeneity of gene expression in the healthy cerebellum. Additionally, we found that SCA1 disease profoundly reduces intracerebellar heterogeneity of gene expression. Further, using fiber photometry, we found that population level PC calcium activity was altered in the posterior lobules in SCA1 mice during walking. We also identified regional differences in the population level activity of Purkinje cells (PCs) in unrestrained wild-type mice that were diminished in SCA1 mice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Juao-Guilherme Rosa
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, USA; Current affiliation Graduate Program for Neuroscience, Boston University, 677 Beacon Street, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Stephen Gilliat
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, USA; Current affiliation Department of Neuroscience, Yale University, USA
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, USA; Minnesota Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, USA; Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 2101 6(th) Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Marija Cvetanovic
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, USA; Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, 2101 6(th) Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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2
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Zhao Y, Peng Y, Wei X, Wu G, Li B, Li X, Long L, Zeng J, Luo W, Tian Y, Wang Z, Peng X. N-Salicyloyl Tryptamine Derivatives as Potent Neuroinflammation Inhibitors by Constraining Microglia Activation via a STAT3 Pathway. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024. [PMID: 38865609 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.4c00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is an important factor that exacerbates neuronal death and abnormal synaptic function in neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Due to the complex pathogenesis and the presence of blood-brain barrier (BBB), no effective clinical drugs are currently available. Previous results showed that N-salicyloyl tryptamine derivatives had the potential to constrain the neuroinflammatory process. In this study, 30 new N-salicyloyl tryptamine derivatives were designed and synthesized to investigate a structure-activity relationship (SAR) for the indole ring of tryptamine in order to enhance their antineuroinflammatory effects. Among them, both in vitro and in vivo compound 18 exerted the best antineuroinflammatory effects by suppressing the activation of microglia, which is the culprit of neuroinflammation. The underlying mechanism of its antineuroinflammatory effect may be related to the inhibition of transcription, expression and phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) that subsequently regulated downstream cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression and activity. With its excellent BBB permeability and pharmacokinetic properties, compound 18 exhibited significant neuroprotective effects in the hippocampal region of lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced mice than former N-salicyloyl tryptamine derivative L7. In conclusion, compound 18 has provided a new approach for the development of highly effective antineuroinflammatory therapeutic drugs targeting microglia activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Zhao
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Yan Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xiuzhen Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Genping Wu
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Bo Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Xuelin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Lin Long
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Wei Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Ying Tian
- The Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
- National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Birth Defect Research and Prevention Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
- MOE Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China
| | - Xue Peng
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China
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Pandya VA, Patani R. The role of glial cells in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF NEUROBIOLOGY 2024; 176:381-450. [PMID: 38802179 DOI: 10.1016/bs.irn.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) has traditionally been considered a neuron-centric disease. This view is now outdated, with increasing recognition of cell autonomous and non-cell autonomous contributions of central and peripheral nervous system glia to ALS pathomechanisms. With glial research rapidly accelerating, we comprehensively interrogate the roles of astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, ependymal cells, Schwann cells and satellite glia in nervous system physiology and ALS-associated pathology. Moreover, we highlight the inter-glial, glial-neuronal and inter-system polylogue which constitutes the healthy nervous system and destabilises in disease. We also propose classification based on function for complex glial reactive phenotypes and discuss the pre-requisite for integrative modelling to advance translation. Given the paucity of life-enhancing therapies currently available for ALS patients, we discuss the promising potential of harnessing glia in driving ALS therapeutic discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virenkumar A Pandya
- University College London Medical School, London, United Kingdom; The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Rickie Patani
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, United Kingdom.
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4
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Rocha GS, Freire MAM, Paiva KM, Oliveira RF, Morais PLAG, Santos JR, Cavalcanti JRLP. The neurobiological effects of senescence on dopaminergic system: A comprehensive review. J Chem Neuroanat 2024; 137:102415. [PMID: 38521203 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchemneu.2024.102415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Over time, the body undergoes a natural, multifactorial, and ongoing process named senescence, which induces changes at the molecular, cellular, and micro-anatomical levels in many body systems. The brain, being a highly complex organ, is particularly affected by this process, potentially impairing its numerous functions. The brain relies on chemical messengers known as neurotransmitters to function properly, with dopamine being one of the most crucial. This catecholamine is responsible for a broad range of critical roles in the central nervous system, including movement, learning, cognition, motivation, emotion, reward, hormonal release, memory consolidation, visual performance, sexual drive, modulation of circadian rhythms, and brain development. In the present review, we thoroughly examine the impact of senescence on the dopaminergic system, with a primary focus on the classic delimitations of the dopaminergic nuclei from A8 to A17. We provide in-depth information about their anatomy and function, particularly addressing how senescence affects each of these nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel S Rocha
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Itabaiana, Brazil
| | - Marco Aurelio M Freire
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Itabaiana, Brazil
| | - Karina M Paiva
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo F Oliveira
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró, Brazil
| | - Paulo Leonardo A G Morais
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, State University of Rio Grande do Norte (UERN), Mossoró, Brazil
| | - José Ronaldo Santos
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Federal University of Sergipe (UFS), Itabaiana, Brazil
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Zeller D, Hiew S, Odorfer T, Nguemeni C. Considering the response in addition to the challenge - a narrative review in appraisal of a motor reserve framework. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:5772-5791. [PMID: 38499388 PMCID: PMC11006496 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The remarkable increase in human life expectancy over the past century has been achieved at the expense of the risk of age-related impairment and disease. Neurodegeneration, be it part of normal aging or due to neurodegenerative disorders, is characterized by loss of specific neuronal populations, leading to increasing clinical impairment. The individual course may be described as balance between aging- or disease-related pathology and intrinsic mechanisms of adaptation. There is plenty of evidence that the human brain is provided with exhaustible resources to maintain function in the face of adverse conditions. While a reserve concept has mainly been coined in cognitive neuroscience, emerging evidence suggests similar mechanisms to underlie individual differences of adaptive capacity within the motor system. In this narrative review, we summarize what has been proposed to date about a motor reserve (mR) framework. We present current evidence from research in aging subjects and people with neurological conditions, followed by a description of what is known about potential neuronal substrates of mR so far. As there is no gold standard of mR quantification, we outline current approaches which describe various indicators of mR. We conclude by sketching out potential future directions of research. Expediting our understanding of differences in individual motor resilience towards aging and disease will eventually contribute to new, individually tailored therapeutic strategies. Provided early diagnosis, enhancing the individual mR may be suited to postpone disease onset by years and may be an efficacious contribution towards healthy aging, with an increased quality of life for the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Zeller
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
| | - Shawn Hiew
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
| | - Thorsten Odorfer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
| | - Carine Nguemeni
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
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Jagaraj CJ, Shadfar S, Kashani SA, Saravanabavan S, Farzana F, Atkin JD. Molecular hallmarks of ageing in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:111. [PMID: 38430277 PMCID: PMC10908642 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05164-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal, severely debilitating and rapidly progressing disorder affecting motor neurons in the brain, brainstem, and spinal cord. Unfortunately, there are few effective treatments, thus there remains a critical need to find novel interventions that can mitigate against its effects. Whilst the aetiology of ALS remains unclear, ageing is the major risk factor. Ageing is a slowly progressive process marked by functional decline of an organism over its lifespan. However, it remains unclear how ageing promotes the risk of ALS. At the molecular and cellular level there are specific hallmarks characteristic of normal ageing. These hallmarks are highly inter-related and overlap significantly with each other. Moreover, whilst ageing is a normal process, there are striking similarities at the molecular level between these factors and neurodegeneration in ALS. Nine ageing hallmarks were originally proposed: genomic instability, loss of telomeres, senescence, epigenetic modifications, dysregulated nutrient sensing, loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, stem cell exhaustion, and altered inter-cellular communication. However, these were recently (2023) expanded to include dysregulation of autophagy, inflammation and dysbiosis. Hence, given the latest updates to these hallmarks, and their close association to disease processes in ALS, a new examination of their relationship to pathophysiology is warranted. In this review, we describe possible mechanisms by which normal ageing impacts on neurodegenerative mechanisms implicated in ALS, and new therapeutic interventions that may arise from this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyril Jones Jagaraj
- MND Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Sina Shadfar
- MND Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Sara Assar Kashani
- MND Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Sayanthooran Saravanabavan
- MND Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Fabiha Farzana
- MND Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Julie D Atkin
- MND Research Centre, Macquarie Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, 75 Talavera Road, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
- La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia.
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7
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Chen M, Huang L, Wang F, Xu X, Xu X. Competing Risk Model to Determine the Prognostic Factors for Patients with Gliosarcoma. World Neurosurg 2024; 183:e483-e494. [PMID: 38157982 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.12.123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliosarcoma (GSM) is a highly aggressive variant of brain cancer with an extremely unfavorable prognosis. Prognosis is not feasible by traditional methods because of a lack of staging criteria, and the present study aims to screen more detailed demographic factors to predict the prognostic factors of the tumors. METHODS For this study, we extracted data of patients diagnosed with GSM from the SEER (Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results) database between 2000 and 2019. To account for the influence of competing risks, we used a Cumulative Incidence Function. Subsequently, univariate analysis was conducted to evaluate the individual variables under investigation. Specifically for patients with GSM, we generated cumulative risk curves for specific mortality outcomes and events related to competing risks. In addition, we used both univariate and multivariate Cox analysis to account for non-GSM-related deaths that may confound our research. RESULTS The competing risk model showed that age, marital status, tumor size, and adjuvant therapy were prognostic factors in GSM-related death. The analysis results showed that older age (60-70 years, ≥71 years) and larger tumor size (≥5.3 cm) significantly increased the risk of GSM-related death. Conversely, surgical intervention, chemotherapy, and being single were identified as protective factors against GSM-related death. CONCLUSIONS Our study using a competing risk model provided valuable insights into the prognostic factors associated with GSM-related death. Further research and clinical interventions targeted at minimizing these risk factors and promoting the use of protective measures may contribute to improved outcomes and reduced mortality for patients with GSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyi Chen
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Liying Huang
- Department of Clinical Research, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoxin Xu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China; Clinical Neuroscience Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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8
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Chodari L, Ghasemi M, Mehranfard N. Alterations in expression of α1-adrenergic receptors possibly are involved in prevention of age-associated apoptosis in rat hippocampus by treadmill exercise. JOURNAL OF COMPLEMENTARY & INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 20:707-713. [PMID: 37428454 DOI: 10.1515/jcim-2023-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Exercise is assumed to attenuate age-related neuronal apoptosis, but the detailed mechanism(s) is not fully understood. α1-Adrenergic receptors (ARs) can either trigger or suppress apoptosis, therefore, here we determined the impact of treadmill exercise on the expression of the apoptosis regulatory proteins as well as α1-AR subtypes α1A- and α1B-ARs, in order to elucidate a possible association between apoptosis and the hippocampal expression of α1-ARs in aged male rats. METHODS Twenty-one male Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups (n=7): young control, aged sedentary, and aged + exercise. Western blot for α1A- and α1B-ARs as well as pro-(Bax and p53) and anti-apoptotic (Bcl2) proteins was conducted. An 8-week regular moderate-intensity treadmill exercise intervention was carried out in exercise group. RESULTS In aged rats, α1A-AR expression in the hippocampus was significantly increased, and exercise markedly prevented this event. While α1B-AR expression was no altered with aging, a marked reduction in α1B-AR level was detected in exercise group when compared to aged group. Furthermore, pro-apoptotic protein levels of Bax and p53 were upregulated and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2 was downregulated in the aging hippocampus, but could be reversed by treadmill exercise. In the present research, exercise-induced reduction in α1A- and α1B-ARs was associated with an obvious downregulation of Bax/Bcl2 ratio in aged rats, suggesting that exercise may inhibit apoptosis through regulating α1-ARs, particularly α1A-AR. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that manipulations attenuating α1-AR activity, including nonselective α1-adrenergic antagonists, may protect against hippocampal neurodegeneration in aging brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Chodari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Maedeh Ghasemi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Nasrin Mehranfard
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Research Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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9
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Gaspar-Silva F, Trigo D, Magalhaes J. Ageing in the brain: mechanisms and rejuvenating strategies. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:190. [PMID: 37354261 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04832-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is characterized by the progressive loss of cellular homeostasis, leading to an overall decline of the organism's fitness. In the brain, ageing is highly associated with cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. With the rise in life expectancy, characterizing the brain ageing process becomes fundamental for developing therapeutic interventions against the increased incidence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases and to aim for an increase in human life span and, more importantly, health span. In this review, we start by introducing the molecular/cellular hallmarks associated with brain ageing and their impact on brain cell populations. Subsequently, we assess emerging evidence on how systemic ageing translates into brain ageing. Finally, we revisit the mainstream and the novel rejuvenating strategies, discussing the most successful ones in delaying brain ageing and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Gaspar-Silva
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal
| | - Diogo Trigo
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana Magalhaes
- i3S-Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135, Porto, Portugal.
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Ellis EG, Joutsa J, Morrison-Ham J, Younger EFP, Saward JB, Caeyenberghs K, Corp DT. Large-scale activation likelihood estimation meta-analysis of parkinsonian disorders. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad172. [PMID: 37324240 PMCID: PMC10265724 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinsonism is a feature of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal syndrome and multiple system atrophy. Neuroimaging studies have yielded insights into parkinsonian disorders; however, due to variability in results, the brain regions consistently implicated in these disorders remain to be characterized. The aim of this meta-analysis was to identify consistent brain abnormalities in individual parkinsonian disorders (Parkinson's disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, corticobasal syndrome and multiple system atrophy) and to investigate any shared abnormalities across disorders. A total of 44 591 studies were systematically screened following searches of two databases. A series of whole-brain activation likelihood estimation meta-analyses were performed on 132 neuroimaging studies (69 Parkinson's disease; 23 progressive supranuclear palsy; 17 corticobasal syndrome; and 23 multiple system atrophy) utilizing anatomical MRI, perfusion or metabolism PET and single-photon emission computed tomography. Meta-analyses were performed in each parkinsonian disorder within each imaging modality, as well as across all included disorders. Results in progressive supranuclear palsy and multiple system atrophy aligned with current imaging markers for diagnosis, encompassing the midbrain, and brainstem and putamen, respectively. PET imaging studies of patients with Parkinson's disease most consistently reported abnormality of the middle temporal gyrus. No significant clusters were identified in corticobasal syndrome. When examining abnormalities shared across all four disorders, the caudate was consistently reported in MRI studies, whilst the thalamus, inferior frontal gyrus and middle temporal gyri were commonly implicated by PET. To our knowledge, this is the largest meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies in parkinsonian disorders and the first to characterize brain regions implicated across parkinsonian disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth G Ellis
- Correspondence to: Elizabeth G. Ellis Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia E-mail:
| | - Juho Joutsa
- Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Psychiatry, and Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Turku Brain and Mind Center, Clinical Neurosciences, University of Turku, Turku 20520, Finland
- Turku PET Centre, Neurocenter, Turku University Hospital, Turku 20520, Finland
| | - Jordan Morrison-Ham
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Ellen F P Younger
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Jacqueline B Saward
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Karen Caeyenberghs
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia
| | - Daniel T Corp
- Correspondence may also be addressed to: Daniel T. Corp Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia E-mail:
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11
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Bennett HC, Zhang Q, Wu YT, Chon U, Pi HJ, Drew PJ, Kim Y. Aging drives cerebrovascular network remodeling and functional changes in the mouse brain. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.23.541998. [PMID: 37305850 PMCID: PMC10257218 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.23.541998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Aging is the largest risk factor for neurodegenerative disorders, and commonly associated with compromised cerebrovasculature and pericytes. However, we do not know how normal aging differentially impacts the vascular structure and function in different brain areas. Here we utilize mesoscale microscopy methods (serial two-photon tomography and light sheet microscopy) and in vivo imaging (wide field optical spectroscopy and two-photon imaging) to determine detailed changes in aged cerebrovascular networks. Whole-brain vascular tracing showed an overall ~10% decrease in vascular length and branching density, and light sheet imaging with 3D immunolabeling revealed increased arteriole tortuosity in aged brains. Vasculature and pericyte densities showed significant reductions in the deep cortical layers, hippocampal network, and basal forebrain areas. Moreover, in vivo imaging in awake mice identified delays in neurovascular coupling and disrupted blood oxygenation. Collectively, we uncover regional vulnerabilities of cerebrovascular network and physiological changes that can mediate cognitive decline in normal aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah C Bennett
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
- Equal contribution
| | - Qingguang Zhang
- Center for Neural Engineering, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Equal contribution
| | - Yuan-Ting Wu
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Uree Chon
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Hyun-Jae Pi
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
| | - Patrick J Drew
- Center for Neural Engineering, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Biomedical Engineering, Biology, and Neurosurgery, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Yongsoo Kim
- Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, Hershey, PA, 17033, USA
- Center for Neural Engineering, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
- Lead contact
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Wang JY, Ma GM, Tang XQ, Shi QL, Yu MC, Lou MM, He KW, Wang WY. Brain region-specific synaptic function of FUS underlies the FTLD-linked behavioural disinhibition. Brain 2023; 146:2107-2119. [PMID: 36345573 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic dysfunction is one of the earliest pathological processes that contribute to the development of many neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal lobar degeneration. However, the synaptic function of many disease-causative genes and their contribution to the pathogenesis of the related diseases remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the synaptic role of fused in sarcoma, an RNA-binding protein linked to frontotemporal lobar degeneration and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and its potential pathological role in frontotemporal lobar degeneration using pyramidal neuron-specific conditional knockout mice (FuscKO). We found that FUS regulates the expression of many genes associated with synaptic function in a hippocampal subregion-specific manner, concomitant with the frontotemporal lobar degeneration-linked behavioural disinhibition. Electrophysiological study and molecular pathway analyses further reveal that fused in sarcoma differentially regulates synaptic and neuronal properties in the ventral hippocampus and medial prefrontal cortex, respectively. Moreover, fused in sarcoma selectively modulates the ventral hippocampus-prefrontal cortex projection, which is known to mediate the anxiety-like behaviour. Our findings unveil the brain region- and synapse-specific role of fused in sarcoma, whose impairment might lead to the emotional symptoms associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ying Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guo-Ming Ma
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao-Qiang Tang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Qi-Li Shi
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Ming-Can Yu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Min-Min Lou
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kai-Wen He
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Wen-Yuan Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 201210, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Animal Center of Zoology, Institute of Neuroscience, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
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13
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Vielee ST, Wise JP. Among Gerontogens, Heavy Metals Are a Class of Their Own: A Review of the Evidence for Cellular Senescence. Brain Sci 2023; 13:500. [PMID: 36979310 PMCID: PMC10046019 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13030500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Advancements in modern medicine have improved the quality of life across the globe and increased the average lifespan of our population by multiple decades. Current estimates predict by 2030, 12% of the global population will reach a geriatric age and live another 3-4 decades. This swelling geriatric population will place critical stress on healthcare infrastructures due to accompanying increases in age-related diseases and comorbidities. While much research focused on long-lived individuals seeks to answer questions regarding how to age healthier, there is a deficit in research investigating what aspects of our lives accelerate or exacerbate aging. In particular, heavy metals are recognized as a significant threat to human health with links to a plethora of age-related diseases, and have widespread human exposures from occupational, medical, or environmental settings. We believe heavy metals ought to be classified as a class of gerontogens (i.e., chemicals that accelerate biological aging in cells and tissues). Gerontogens may be best studied through their effects on the "Hallmarks of Aging", nine physiological hallmarks demonstrated to occur in aged cells, tissues, and bodies. Evidence suggests that cellular senescence-a permanent growth arrest in cells-is one of the most pertinent hallmarks of aging and is a useful indicator of aging in tissues. Here, we discuss the roles of heavy metals in brain aging. We briefly discuss brain aging in general, then expand upon observations for heavy metals contributing to age-related neurodegenerative disorders. We particularly emphasize the roles and observations of cellular senescence in neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we discuss the observations for heavy metals inducing cellular senescence. The glaring lack of knowledge about gerontogens and gerontogenic mechanisms necessitates greater research in the field, especially in the context of the global aging crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel T. Vielee
- Pediatrics Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - John P. Wise
- Pediatrics Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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14
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Keizer HG, Brands R, Seinen W. An AMP Kinase-pathway dependent integrated stress response regulates ageing and longevity. Biogerontology 2023:10.1007/s10522-023-10024-3. [PMID: 36877293 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-023-10024-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to investigate the role of the AMP-kinase pathway (AMPK pathway) in the induction of a concomitant set of health benefits by exercise, numerous drugs, and health ingredients, all of which are adversely affected by ageing. Despite the AMPK pathway being frequently mentioned in relation to both these health effects and ageing, it appears challenging to understand how the activation of a single biochemical pathway by various treatments can produce such a diverse range of concurrent health benefits, involving so many organs. We discovered that the AMPK pathway functions as an integrated stress response system because of the presence of a feedback loop in it. This evolutionary conserved stress response system detects changes in AMP/ATP and NAD/NADH ratios, as well as the presence of potential toxins, and responds by activating a common protective transcriptional response that protects against aging and promotes longevity. The inactivation of the AMPK pathway with age most likely explains why ageing has a negative impact on the above-mentioned set of health benefits. We conclude that the presence of a feedback loop in the AMP-kinase pathway positions this pathway as an AMPK-ISR (AMP Kinase-dependent integrated stress response) system that responds to almost any type of (moderate) environmental stress by inducing various age-related health benefits and longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Keizer
- AMRIF Biotechnology, Agrobusiness Park 10, 6708 PW, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
| | - R Brands
- AMRIF Biotechnology, Agrobusiness Park 10, 6708 PW, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - W Seinen
- AMRIF Biotechnology, Agrobusiness Park 10, 6708 PW, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Yalelaan 1, 3584 CL, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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15
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Xu J, Farsad HL, Hou Y, Barclay K, Lopez BA, Yamada S, Saliu IO, Shi Y, Knight WC, Bateman RJ, Benzinger TLS, Yi JJ, Li Q, Wang T, Perlmutter JS, Morris JC, Zhao G. Human striatal glia differentially contribute to AD- and PD-specific neurodegeneration. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:346-365. [PMID: 36993867 PMCID: PMC10046522 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00363-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
The commonalities and differences in cell-type-specific pathways that lead to Alzheimer disease (AD) and Parkinson disease (PD) remain unknown. Here, we performed a single-nucleus transcriptome comparison of control, AD and PD striata. We describe three astrocyte subpopulations shared across different brain regions and evolutionarily conserved between humans and mice. We reveal common features between AD and PD astrocytes and regional differences that contribute toward amyloid pathology and neurodegeneration. In contrast, we found that transcriptomic changes in microglia are largely unique to each disorder. Our analysis identified a population of activated microglia that shared molecular signatures with murine disease-associated microglia (DAM) as well as disease-associated and regional differences in microglia transcriptomic changes linking microglia to disease-specific amyloid pathology, tauopathy and neuronal death. Finally, we delineate undescribed subpopulations of medium spiny neurons (MSNs) in the striatum and provide neuronal transcriptomic profiles suggesting disease-specific changes and selective neuronal vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbin Xu
- The Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Huifangjie L. Farsad
- The Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Yiran Hou
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Present address: Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Kia Barclay
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ben Anthony Lopez
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- MD-PhD in Molecular Medicine Program, College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Shinnosuke Yamada
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Yiming Shi
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - William C. Knight
- The Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Randall J. Bateman
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Tammie L. S. Benzinger
- The Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jason J. Yi
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Qingyun Li
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- The Edison Family Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Joel S. Perlmutter
- The Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - John C. Morris
- Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Guoyan Zhao
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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16
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Coffin SL, Durham MA, Nitschke L, Xhako E, Brown AM, Revelli JP, Villavicencio Gonzalez E, Lin T, Handler HP, Dai Y, Trostle AJ, Wan YW, Liu Z, Sillitoe RV, Orr HT, Zoghbi HY. Disruption of the ATXN1-CIC complex reveals the role of additional nuclear ATXN1 interactors in spinocerebellar ataxia type 1. Neuron 2023; 111:481-492.e8. [PMID: 36577402 PMCID: PMC9957872 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 (SCA1) is a paradigmatic neurodegenerative disease in that it is caused by a mutation in a broadly expressed protein, ATXN1; however, only select populations of cells degenerate. The interaction of polyglutamine-expanded ATXN1 with the transcriptional repressor CIC drives cerebellar Purkinje cell pathogenesis; however, the importance of this interaction in other vulnerable cells remains unknown. Here, we mutated the 154Q knockin allele of Atxn1154Q/2Q mice to prevent the ATXN1-CIC interaction globally. This normalized genome-wide CIC binding; however, it only partially corrected transcriptional and behavioral phenotypes, suggesting the involvement of additional factors in disease pathogenesis. Using unbiased proteomics, we identified three ATXN1-interacting transcription factors: RFX1, ZBTB5, and ZKSCAN1. We observed altered expression of RFX1 and ZKSCAN1 target genes in SCA1 mice and patient-derived iNeurons, highlighting their potential contributions to disease. Together, these data underscore the complexity of mechanisms driving cellular vulnerability in SCA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Coffin
- Program in Genetics and Genomics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mark A Durham
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Larissa Nitschke
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Eder Xhako
- Program in Genetics and Genomics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Amanda M Brown
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Revelli
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Esmeralda Villavicencio Gonzalez
- Program in Genetics and Genomics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Tao Lin
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Hillary P Handler
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Yanwan Dai
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alexander J Trostle
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ying-Wooi Wan
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Zhandong Liu
- Program in Genetics and Genomics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Roy V Sillitoe
- Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Development, Disease Models & Therapeutics Graduate Program, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Harry T Orr
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Huda Y Zoghbi
- Program in Genetics and Genomics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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17
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Shared and disease-specific glial gene expression changes in neurodegenerative diseases. NATURE AGING 2023; 3:246-247. [PMID: 36993868 PMCID: PMC10046492 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00378-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
We found evolutionarily conserved astrocyte and microglia subpopulations shared across multiple brain regions. We reveal similarities and differences between Alzheimer's disease glia and Parkinson's disease glia, as well as regional variance linked to disease pathology and neurodegeneration.
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18
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Yang K, Ma Y, Chen G, Zeng S, Guo T, Yang Z. Comparative analysis of the prognosis of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and EBRT plus brachytherapy for glioblastoma multiforme: a SEER population-based study. Radiat Oncol 2022; 17:174. [PMID: 36307810 PMCID: PMC9617429 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-022-02141-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Radiotherapy is one of the effective ways to treat glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). We aimed to explore the prognostic difference between external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and EBRT combined with brachytherapy (EBRT + BT). Methods The GBM patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were divided into two cohorts: the EBRT cohort and the EBRT + BT cohort. Kaplan–Meier (KM) analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to determine the underlying risk factors for overall survival (OS) and disease-specific survival (DSS). And the competing risk model and propensity score matching (PSM) was adopted to eliminate potential biases. We also conducted subgroup analyses and interaction tests as well. Results There was a total of 41,010 eligible GBM patients. The median OS (15 months) and DSS (17 months) of the EBRT + BT cohort were significantly longer than that of the EBRT cohort (OS = 11 months, DSS = 12 months). After using the competing risk model and PSM, we found that only advanced age was the independent risk factor, while only EBRT + BT was the independent protective factor (HR = 0.84, 95%CI [0.74,0.96], p = 0.01). EBRT had universal effects in the treatment of GBM, and EBRT + BT had a more pronounced protective effect in the subgroups of males (HR = 0.81, 95%CI [0.68,0.97], p = 0.02) and local excision (HR = 0.82, 95%CI [0.34,0.95], p = 0.01). Conclusions The therapeutical effect of EBRT + BT treatment is better than that of EBRT alone, especially in male patients or patients who have undergone local resection. Our findings may provide novel evidence to develop a better radiotherapy strategy for GBM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi Jing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Xi Jing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Pharmacogenomics, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shaojie Zeng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi Jing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Department of Obstetrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zelong Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Xi Jing Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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19
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Yang J, Ran M, Li H, Lin Y, Ma K, Yang Y, Fu X, Yang S. New insight into neurological degeneration: Inflammatory cytokines and blood–brain barrier. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1013933. [PMID: 36353359 PMCID: PMC9637688 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1013933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological degeneration after neuroinflammation, such as that resulting from Alzheimer’s disease (AD), stroke, multiple sclerosis (MS), and post-traumatic brain injury (TBI), is typically associated with high mortality and morbidity and with permanent cognitive dysfunction, which places a heavy economic burden on families and society. Diagnosing and curing these diseases in their early stages remains a challenge for clinical investigation and treatment. Recent insight into the onset and progression of these diseases highlights the permeability of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The primary factor that influences BBB structure and function is inflammation, especially the main cytokines including IL-1β, TNFα, and IL-6, the mechanism on the disruption of which are critical component of the aforementioned diseases. Surprisingly, the main cytokines from systematic inflammation can also induce as much worse as from neurological diseases or injuries do. In this review, we will therefore discuss the physiological structure of BBB, the main cytokines including IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6, and their mechanism on the disruption of BBB and recent research about the main cytokines from systematic inflammation inducing the disruption of BBB and cognitive impairment, and we will eventually discuss the need to prevent the disruption of BBB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Research Centre for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital, PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Dermatology, 4th Medical Centre, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzi Ran
- Research Centre for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital, PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, 4th Medical Centre, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyu Li
- Research Centre for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital, PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Dermatology, 4th Medical Centre, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ye Lin
- Department of Neurology, The First Medical Centre, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kui Ma
- Research Centre for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital, PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuguang Yang
- Department of Dermatology, 4th Medical Centre, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Research Centre for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital, PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
- Xiaobing Fu,
| | - Siming Yang
- Research Centre for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital, PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
- Department of Dermatology, 4th Medical Centre, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Siming Yang,
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20
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Bales B, Cotero V, Meyer DE, Roberts JC, Rodriguez-Silva M, Siclovan TM, Chambers JW, Rishel MJ. Radiolabeled Aminopyrazoles as Novel Isoform Selective Probes for pJNK3 Quantification. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:1606-1614. [PMID: 36262398 PMCID: PMC9575163 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) is a stress-activated kinase primarily expressed in the brain and implicated as an early mediator of neuronal apoptosis. We sought to develop a PET tracer to visualize pathological JNK3 activation. Because regional JNK3 activation precedes apoptosis, such an imaging agent might enable the detection of "at risk" brain regions prior to neuronal death. We prepared a set of 19F-containing compounds on the basis of the reported aminopyrazoles. The candidate, F3, was tritiated and used in autoradiography experiments to demonstrate regional and temporal changes in JNK3 activation in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. A significant increase in pJNK3 B max versus control animals in multiple brain regions was observed at 8 months, including the ventral midbrain. Pathological activation of JNK3 in these regions preceded statistically significant neuron loss. Analyses of brain concentrations of [18F]-F3 in naïve rats following intravenous injection revealed a small but detectable signal over the background, but was likely not sufficient to support PET imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian
C. Bales
- Department
of Biology and Applied Physics, GE Research, One Research Circle, Niskayuna, New York 12309, United States
| | - Victoria Cotero
- Department
of Biology and Applied Physics, GE Research, One Research Circle, Niskayuna, New York 12309, United States
| | - Dan E. Meyer
- Department
of Biology and Applied Physics, GE Research, One Research Circle, Niskayuna, New York 12309, United States
| | - Jeannette C. Roberts
- Department
of Biology and Applied Physics, GE Research, One Research Circle, Niskayuna, New York 12309, United States
| | - Monica Rodriguez-Silva
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public
Health & Social Work, Florida International
University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Tiberiu M. Siclovan
- Department
of Biology and Applied Physics, GE Research, One Research Circle, Niskayuna, New York 12309, United States
| | - Jeremy W. Chambers
- Department
of Environmental Health Sciences, Robert Stempel College of Public
Health & Social Work, Florida International
University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - Michael J. Rishel
- Department
of Biology and Applied Physics, GE Research, One Research Circle, Niskayuna, New York 12309, United States
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21
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Region-Specific Characteristics of Astrocytes and Microglia: A Possible Involvement in Aging and Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121902. [PMID: 35741031 PMCID: PMC9220858 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Although different regions of the brain are dedicated to specific functions, the intra- and inter-regional heterogeneity of astrocytes and microglia in these regions has not yet been fully understood. Recently, an advancement in various technologies, such as single-cell RNA sequencing, has allowed for the discovery of astrocytes and microglia with distinct molecular fingerprints and varying functions in the brain. In addition, the regional heterogeneity of astrocytes and microglia exhibits different functions in several situations, such as aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, investigating the region-specific astrocytes and microglia is important in understanding the overall function of the brain. In this review, we summarize up-to-date research on various intra- and inter-regional heterogeneities of astrocytes and microglia, and provide information on how they can be applied to aging and neurodegenerative diseases.
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22
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TGF-β as a Key Modulator of Astrocyte Reactivity: Disease Relevance and Therapeutic Implications. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051206. [PMID: 35625943 PMCID: PMC9138510 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes are essential for normal brain development and functioning. They respond to brain injury and disease through a process referred to as reactive astrogliosis, where the reactivity is highly heterogenous and context-dependent. Reactive astrocytes are active contributors to brain pathology and can exert beneficial, detrimental, or mixed effects following brain insults. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has been identified as one of the key factors regulating astrocyte reactivity. The genetic and pharmacological manipulation of the TGF-β signaling pathway in animal models of central nervous system (CNS) injury and disease alters pathological and functional outcomes. This review aims to provide recent understanding regarding astrocyte reactivity and TGF-β signaling in brain injury, aging, and neurodegeneration. Further, it explores how TGF-β signaling modulates astrocyte reactivity and function in the context of CNS disease and injury.
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23
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Alcohol-Induced Alterations in the Vascular Basement Membrane in the Substantia Nigra of the Adult Human Brain. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040830. [PMID: 35453580 PMCID: PMC9028457 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) represents a highly specialized interface that acts as the first line of defense against toxins. Herein, we investigated the structural and ultrastructural changes in the basement membrane (BM), which is responsible for maintaining the integrity of the BBB, in the context of chronic alcoholism. Human post-mortem tissues from the Substantia Nigra (SN) region were obtained from 44 individuals, then grouped into controls, age-matched alcoholics, and non-age-matched alcoholics and assessed using light and electron microscopy. We found significantly less CD31+ vessels in alcoholic groups compared to controls in both gray and white matter samples. Alcoholics showed increased expression levels of collagen-IV, laminin-111, and fibronectin, which were coupled with a loss of BM integrity in comparison with controls. The BM of the gray matter was found to be more disintegrated than the white matter in alcoholics, as demonstrated by the expression of both collagen-IV and laminin-111, thereby indicating a breakdown in the BM’s structural composition. Furthermore, we observed that the expression of fibronectin was upregulated in the BM of the white matter vasculature in both alcoholic groups compared to controls. Taken together, our findings highlight some sort of aggregation or clumping of BM proteins that occurs in response to chronic alcohol consumption.
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24
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Udayar V, Chen Y, Sidransky E, Jagasia R. Lysosomal dysfunction in neurodegeneration: emerging concepts and methods. Trends Neurosci 2022; 45:184-199. [PMID: 35034773 PMCID: PMC8854344 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of lysosomes has come a long way since the initial discovery of their role in degrading cellular waste. The lysosome is now recognized as a highly dynamic organelle positioned at the crossroads of cell signaling, transcription, and metabolism. Underscoring its importance is the observation that, in addition to rare monogenic lysosomal storage disorders, genes regulating lysosomal function are implicated in common sporadic neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Developing therapies for these disorders is particularly challenging, largely due to gaps in knowledge of the underlying molecular and cellular processes. In this review, we discuss technological advances that have propelled deeper understanding of the lysosome in neurodegeneration, from elucidating the functions of lysosome-related disease risk variants at the level of the organelle, cell, and tissue, to the development of disease-specific biological models that recapitulate disease manifestations. Finally, we identify key questions to be addressed to successfully bridge the gap to the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Udayar
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery & Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yu Chen
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Ravi Jagasia
- Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery & Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland.
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25
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Rudnitskaya EA, Burnyasheva AO, Kozlova TA, Peunov DA, Kolosova NG, Stefanova NA. Changes in Glial Support of the Hippocampus during the Development of an Alzheimer's Disease-like Pathology and Their Correction by Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant SkQ1. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031134. [PMID: 35163053 PMCID: PMC8834695 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Astrocytes and microglia are the first cells to react to neurodegeneration, e.g., in Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, the data on changes in glial support during the most common (sporadic) type of the disease are sparse. Using senescence-accelerated OXYS rats, which simulate key characteristics of sporadic AD, and Wistar rats (parental normal strain, control), we investigated hippocampal neurogenesis and glial changes during AD-like pathology. Using immunohistochemistry, we showed that the early stage of the pathology is accompanied by a lower intensity of neurogenesis and decreased astrocyte density in the dentate gyrus. The progressive stage is concurrent with reactive astrogliosis and microglia activation, as confirmed by increased cell densities and by the acquisition of cell-specific gene expression profiles, according to transcriptome sequencing data. Besides, here, we continued to analyze the anti-AD effects of prolonged supplementation with mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1. The antioxidant did not affect neurogenesis, partly normalized the gene expression profile of astrocytes and microglia, and shifted the resting/activated microglia ratio toward a decrease in the activated-cell density. In summary, both astrocytes and microglia are more vulnerable to AD-associated neurodegeneration in the CA3 area than in other hippocampal areas; SkQ1 had an anti-inflammatory effect and is a promising modality for AD prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A. Rudnitskaya
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.O.B.); (T.A.K.); (D.A.P.); (N.G.K.); (N.A.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Alena O. Burnyasheva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.O.B.); (T.A.K.); (D.A.P.); (N.G.K.); (N.A.S.)
| | - Tatiana A. Kozlova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.O.B.); (T.A.K.); (D.A.P.); (N.G.K.); (N.A.S.)
| | - Daniil A. Peunov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.O.B.); (T.A.K.); (D.A.P.); (N.G.K.); (N.A.S.)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 2 Pirogova St., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nataliya G. Kolosova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.O.B.); (T.A.K.); (D.A.P.); (N.G.K.); (N.A.S.)
| | - Natalia A. Stefanova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Lavrentyeva Ave., 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (A.O.B.); (T.A.K.); (D.A.P.); (N.G.K.); (N.A.S.)
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26
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Graham LC, Kline RA, Lamont DJ, Gillingwater TH, Mabbott NA, Skehel PA, Wishart TM. Temporal Profiling of the Cortical Synaptic Mitochondrial Proteome Identifies Ageing Associated Regulators of Stability. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123403. [PMID: 34943911 PMCID: PMC8700124 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Synapses are particularly susceptible to the effects of advancing age, and mitochondria have long been implicated as organelles contributing to this compartmental vulnerability. Despite this, the mitochondrial molecular cascades promoting age-dependent synaptic demise remain to be elucidated. Here, we sought to examine how the synaptic mitochondrial proteome (including strongly mitochondrial associated proteins) was dynamically and temporally regulated throughout ageing to determine whether alterations in the expression of individual candidates can influence synaptic stability/morphology. Proteomic profiling of wild-type mouse cortical synaptic and non-synaptic mitochondria across the lifespan revealed significant age-dependent heterogeneity between mitochondrial subpopulations, with aged organelles exhibiting unique protein expression profiles. Recapitulation of aged synaptic mitochondrial protein expression at the Drosophila neuromuscular junction has the propensity to perturb the synaptic architecture, demonstrating that temporal regulation of the mitochondrial proteome may directly modulate the stability of the synapse in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C. Graham
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK; (L.C.G.); (R.A.K.); (N.A.M.)
- Euan MacDonald Centre, Chancellor’s Building, University of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; (T.H.G.); (P.A.S.)
| | - Rachel A. Kline
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK; (L.C.G.); (R.A.K.); (N.A.M.)
- Euan MacDonald Centre, Chancellor’s Building, University of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; (T.H.G.); (P.A.S.)
| | - Douglas J. Lamont
- FingerPrints Proteomic Facility, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street DD1 5EH, UK;
| | - Thomas H. Gillingwater
- Euan MacDonald Centre, Chancellor’s Building, University of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; (T.H.G.); (P.A.S.)
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Neil A. Mabbott
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK; (L.C.G.); (R.A.K.); (N.A.M.)
| | - Paul A. Skehel
- Euan MacDonald Centre, Chancellor’s Building, University of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; (T.H.G.); (P.A.S.)
- Centre for Discovery Brain Sciences, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK
| | - Thomas M. Wishart
- The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK; (L.C.G.); (R.A.K.); (N.A.M.)
- Euan MacDonald Centre, Chancellor’s Building, University of Edinburgh, 49 Little France Crescent, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; (T.H.G.); (P.A.S.)
- Centre for Dementia Prevention, The University of Edinburgh, 9A Bioquarter, 9 Little France Road, Edinburgh EH16 4UX, UK
- Correspondence:
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27
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Deschenes MR, Patek LG, Trebelhorn AM, High MC, Flannery RE. Juvenile Neuromuscular Systems Show Amplified Disturbance to Muscle Unloading. Front Physiol 2021; 12:754052. [PMID: 34759841 PMCID: PMC8573242 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.754052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle unloading results in severe disturbance in neuromuscular function. During juvenile stages of natural development, the neuromuscular system experiences a high degree of plasticity in function and structure. This study aimed to determine whether muscle unloading imposed during juvenile development would elicit more severe disruption in neuromuscular function than when imposed on fully developed, mature neuromuscular systems. Twenty juvenile (3 months old) and 20 mature (8 months old) rats were equally divided into unloaded and control groups yielding a total of four groups (N = 10/each). Following the 2 week intervention period, soleus muscles were surgically extracted and using an ex vivo muscle stimulation and recording system, were examined for neuromuscular function. The unloading protocol was found to have elicited significant (P ≤ 0.05) declines in whole muscle wet weight in both juvenile and mature muscles, but of a similar degree (P = 0.286). Results also showed that juvenile muscles displayed significantly greater decay in peak force due to unloading than mature muscles, such a finding was also made for specific tension or force/muscle mass. When examining neuromuscular efficiency, i.e., function of the neuromuscular junction, it again was noted that juvenile systems were more negatively affected by muscle unloading than mature systems. These results indicate that juvenile neuromuscular systems are more sensitive to the effects of unloading than mature ones, and that the primary locus of this developmental related difference is likely the neuromuscular junction as indicated by age-related differences in neuromuscular transmission efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael R Deschenes
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, United States.,Program in Neuroscience, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, United States
| | - Leah G Patek
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, United States
| | - Audrey M Trebelhorn
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, United States
| | - Madeline C High
- Program in Neuroscience, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, United States
| | - Rachel E Flannery
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, United States
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28
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Kim M, Ladomersky E, Mozny A, Kocherginsky M, O'Shea K, Reinstein ZZ, Zhai L, Bell A, Lauing KL, Bollu L, Rabin E, Dixit K, Kumthekar P, Platanias LC, Hou L, Zheng Y, Wu J, Zhang B, Hrachova M, Merrill SA, Mrugala MM, Prabhu VC, Horbinski C, James CD, Yamini B, Ostrom QT, Johnson MO, Reardon DA, Lukas RV, Wainwright DA. Glioblastoma as an age-related neurological disorder in adults. Neurooncol Adv 2021; 3:vdab125. [PMID: 34647022 PMCID: PMC8500689 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Advanced age is a major risk factor for the development of many diseases including those affecting the central nervous system. Wild-type isocitrate dehydrogenase glioblastoma (IDHwt GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain cancer and accounts for ≥90% of all adult GBM diagnoses. Patients with IDHwt GBM have a median age of diagnosis at 68–70 years of age, and increasing age is associated with an increasingly worse prognosis for patients with this type of GBM. Methods The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results, The Cancer Genome Atlas, and the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas databases were analyzed for mortality indices. Meta-analysis of 80 clinical trials was evaluated for log hazard ratio for aging to tumor survivorship. Results Despite significant advances in the understanding of intratumoral genetic alterations, molecular characteristics of tumor microenvironments, and relationships between tumor molecular characteristics and the use of targeted therapeutics, life expectancy for older adults with GBM has yet to improve. Conclusions Based upon the results of our analysis, we propose that age-dependent factors that are yet to be fully elucidated, contribute to IDHwt GBM patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miri Kim
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA.,Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Erik Ladomersky
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Andreas Mozny
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Masha Kocherginsky
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kaitlyn O'Shea
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Zachary Z Reinstein
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lijie Zhai
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - April Bell
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Kristen L Lauing
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lakshmi Bollu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Erik Rabin
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Karan Dixit
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Priya Kumthekar
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Leonidas C Platanias
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Yinan Zheng
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jennifer Wu
- Department of Urology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Maya Hrachova
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Sarah A Merrill
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Maciej M Mrugala
- Division of Neuro-Oncology, Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, Arizona, USA
| | - Vikram C Prabhu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois, USA
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Charles David James
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Bakhtiar Yamini
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Chicago Medical Center & Biological Sciences, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Quinn T Ostrom
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Margaret O Johnson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - David A Reardon
- Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rimas V Lukas
- Department of Neurology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Derek A Wainwright
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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