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Engels NS, Waltenberger B, Michalak B, Huynh L, Tran H, Kiss AK, Stuppner H. Inhibition of Pro-Inflammatory Functions of Human Neutrophils by Constituents of Melodorum fruticosum Leaves. Chem Biodivers 2018; 15:e1800269. [PMID: 30193010 PMCID: PMC6468251 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201800269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In an initial screening, the dichloromethane extract from the leaves of Melodorum fruticosum showed distinct inhibitory effects on the release of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in human neutrophils. Therefore, the aim of the present study was the phytochemical and pharmacological investigation of this extract, to better understand which compounds might be responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect. Phytochemical analysis led to the isolation of 12 known compounds and two new natural products, 5-hydroxy-6-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-4',7-dimethoxyflavanone (13) and 2',4'-dihydroxy-3'-(2-hydroxybenzyl)-4,6'-dimethoxychalcone (14). The influence of the isolated compounds on the production and release of the pro-inflammatory factors IL-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and adhesion molecules (CD62L and CD11b) in human neutrophils was evaluated. Three constituents, melodamide A, 2',4'-dihydroxy-4,6'-dimethoxychalcone, and 2',6'-dihydroxy-4'-methoxychalcone, showed significant inhibition of IL-8 release (IC50 =6.6, 8.6, and 11.6 μm, respectively) and TNF-α production (IC50 =4.5, 13.3, and 6.2 μm, respectively).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora S Engels
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Birgit Waltenberger
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Michalak
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Loi Huynh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41-43 Đinh Tiên Hoàng, Bến Nghé, Quận 1, Hồ Chí Minh, Vietnam
| | - Hung Tran
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 41-43 Đinh Tiên Hoàng, Bến Nghé, Quận 1, Hồ Chí Minh, Vietnam
| | - Anna K Kiss
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Hermann Stuppner
- Institute of Pharmacy/Pharmacognosy and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80-82, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
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Shirakawa T, Yamagishi K, Yatsuya H, Tanabe N, Tamakoshi A, Iso H. Alcohol consumption and mortality from aortic disease among Japanese men: The Japan Collaborative Cohort study. Atherosclerosis 2017; 266:64-68. [PMID: 28982024 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Only a few population-based prospective studies have examined the association between alcohol consumption and abdominal aortic aneurysm, and the results are inconsistent. Moreover, no evidence exists for aortic dissection. We examined the effect of alcohol consumption on risk of mortality from aortic diseases. METHODS A total of 34,720 men from the Japan Collaborative Cohort study, aged 40-79 years, without history of cardiovascular disease and cancer at baseline 1988 and 1990 were followed up until the end of 2009 for their mortality and its underlying cause. Hazard ratios of mortality from aortic diseases were estimated according to alcohol consumption categories of never-drinkers, ex-drinkers, regular drinkers of ≤30 g, and >30 g ethanol per day. RESULTS During the median 17.9-year follow-up period, 45 men died of aortic dissection and 41 men died of abdominal aortic aneurysm. Light to moderate drinkers of ≤30 g ethanol per day had lower risk of mortality from total aortic disease and aortic dissection compared to never-drinkers. The respective multivariable hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) were 0.46 (0.28-0.76) for total aortic disease and 0.16 (0.05-0.50) for aortic dissection. Heavy drinkers of >30 g ethanol per day did not have reduced risk of mortality from total aortic disease, albeit had risk variation between aortic dissection and abdominal aortic aneurysm. CONCLUSIONS Light to moderate alcohol consumption was associated with reduced mortality from aortic disease among Japanese men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Shirakawa
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Yamagishi
- Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yatsuya
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University, School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
| | - Naohito Tanabe
- Department of Health and Nutrition, University of Niigata Prefecture, Niigata, Japan
| | - Akiko Tamakoshi
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Iso
- Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
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Effect of Folic Acid, Betaine, Vitamin B₆, and Vitamin B12 on Homocysteine and Dimethylglycine Levels in Middle-Aged Men Drinking White Wine. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8010034. [PMID: 26771632 PMCID: PMC4728648 DOI: 10.3390/nu8010034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Moderate regular consumption of alcoholic beverages is believed to protect against atherosclerosis but can also increase homocysteine or dimethylglycine, which are putative risk factors for atherosclerosis. We aimed (1) to investigate the effect of alcohol consumption on vitamins and several metabolites involved in one-carbon metabolism; and (2) to find the most effective way of decreasing homocysteine during moderate alcohol consumption. Methods: Male volunteers (n = 117) were randomly divided into five groups: the wine-only group (control, 375 mL of white wine daily for one month) and four groups combining wine consumption with one of the supplemented substances (folic acid, betaine, and vitamins B12 or B6). Significant lowering of homocysteine concentration after the drinking period was found in subjects with concurrent folate and betaine supplementation. Vitamin B12 and vitamin B6 supplementation did not lead to a statistically significant change in homocysteine. According to a multiple linear regression model, the homocysteine change in the wine-only group was mainly determined by the interaction between the higher baseline homocysteine concentration and the change in dimethylglycine levels. Folate and betaine can attenuate possible adverse effects of moderate alcohol consumption. Dimethylglycine should be interpreted together with data on alcohol consumption and homocysteine concentration.
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