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Aggarwal S, Narang R, Saluja D, Srivastava K. Diagnostic potential of SORT1 gene in coronary artery disease. Gene 2024; 909:148308. [PMID: 38395240 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies identify SORT1 gene associated with risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Sortilin protein enhances LDL absorption, form cell development, and atherosclerosis in macrophages. AIM We therefore explored SORT1 expression in CAD patients and its gene expression's predictive usefulness for the severity of the disease. METHODOLOGY This is a case control study and Quantitative real-time PCR; Sandwich ELISA and western blotting were used to determine the expression of SORT1 gene at the mRNA and protein level in two hundred healthy controls and two hundred patients with various CAD syndromes. RESULTS CAD patients exhibit higher SORT1 gene expression in CAD patients, a higher concentration of sortilin in their plasma, and distinct expression patterns in various CAD syndromes. The study reveals a positive correlation between gene expression and the severity of coronary artery stenosis, the number of diseased vessels, and the presence of diabetes. ROC curve analysis of SORT1 gene expression both at mRNA and protein level showed strong discrimination between significant CAD and control subjects. CONCLUSION Therefore, elevated SORT1 gene expression in various CAD syndromes may be a potential biomarker for the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelly Aggarwal
- Dr. B R Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India
| | - Rajiv Narang
- Department of Cardiology, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Daman Saluja
- Dr. B R Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India; Delhi School of Public Health, Institute of Eminence, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
| | - Kamna Srivastava
- Dr. B R Ambedkar Center for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, India.
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Avvisato R, Jankauskas SS, Varzideh F, Kansakar U, Mone P, Santulli G. Sortilin and hypertension. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2023; 32:134-140. [PMID: 36683537 PMCID: PMC9976622 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The current review aims to present the latest scientific updates on the role of Sortilin in the pathophysiology of hypertension. RECENT FINDINGS The main focus of this systematic overview is on the functional contribution of Sortilin to the pathogenesis of hypertension. Sortilin is a glycoprotein mostly known for its actions as a trafficking molecule directing proteins to specific secretory or endocytic compartments of the cell. Emerging evidence indicates that Sortilin is associated with pathological conditions, including inflammation, arteriosclerosis, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and vascular calcification. Most recently, Sortilin has been shown to finely control endothelial function and to drive hypertension by modulating sphingolipid/ceramide homeostasis and by triggering oxidative stress. SUMMARY The latest findings linking Sortilin and hypertension that are herein discussed can inspire novel areas of research which could eventually lead to the discovery of new therapeutic strategies in cardiovascular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Avvisato
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Stanislovas S. Jankauskas
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Fahimeh Varzideh
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Urna Kansakar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Pasquale Mone
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Gaetano Santulli
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Wilf Family Cardiovascular Research Institute, Einstein Institute for Aging Research and
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Einstein-Mount Sinai Diabetes Research Center (ES-DRC), Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism (FIDAM), Institute for Neuroimmunology and Inflammation, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Dündar A, Arıkanoğlu A, Özdemir HH, Aslanhan H, Çevik MU. Cerebrospinal fluid levels of sortilin-1, lipocalin-2, autotaxin, decorin and interleukin-33 in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2022; 80:1011-1016. [PMID: 36535285 PMCID: PMC9770083 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1758559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is characterized by increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure of unknown cause. It has been suggested that the inflammatory process plays a role in the pathophysiology of the disease. Sortilin-1, lipocalin-2, autotaxin, decorin, and interleukin-33 (IL-33) are among the factors involved in inflammatory processes. OBJECTIVE To investigate the CSF levels of sortilin-1, lipocalin-2, autotaxin, decorin, and IL-33 in patients with IIH. METHODS A total of 24 IIH patients and 21 healthy controls were included in the study. Demographic characteristics of the patients and of the control group as well as CSF pressures were evaluated. Sortilin-1, lipocalin-2, autotaxin, decorin and IL-33 levels in the CSF were measured. RESULTS The CSF levels lipocalin-2, sortilin-1, autotaxin, IL-33 and CSF pressure were significantly higher in the patients group compared with the control group (p < 0.001). Decorin levels were reduced in patients (p < 0.05). There was no correlation between the autotaxin and IL-33 levels and age, gender, CSF pressure, and body mass index. The results of our study showed that inflammatory activation plays an important role in the development of the pathophysiology of IIH. In addition, the fact that the markers used in our study have never been studied in the etiopathogenesis of IIH is important in explaining the molecular mechanism of this disease. CONCLUSION Studies are needed to evaluate the role of these cytokines in the pathophysiology of the disease. It is necessary to evaluate the effects of these molecules on this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Dündar
- Mardin Artuklu University, Vocational School of Health Services, Department of Medical Laboratory, Mardin, Turkey.,Address for correspondence Ahmet Dündar
| | - Adalet Arıkanoğlu
- Dicle University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
| | | | - Hamza Aslanhan
- Dicle University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Uğur Çevik
- Dicle University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Diyarbakır, Turkey.
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Salasova A, Monti G, Andersen OM, Nykjaer A. Finding memo: versatile interactions of the VPS10p-Domain receptors in Alzheimer’s disease. Mol Neurodegener 2022; 17:74. [PMID: 36397124 PMCID: PMC9673319 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-022-00576-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of VPS10p-Domain (D) receptors comprises five members named SorLA, Sortilin, SorCS1, SorCS2 and SorCS3. While their physiological roles remain incompletely resolved, they have been recognized for their signaling engagements and trafficking abilities, navigating a number of molecules between endosome, Golgi compartments, and the cell surface. Strikingly, recent studies connected all the VPS10p-D receptors to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development. In addition, they have been also associated with diseases comorbid with AD such as diabetes mellitus and major depressive disorder. This systematic review elaborates on genetic, functional, and mechanistic insights into how dysfunction in VPS10p-D receptors may contribute to AD etiology, AD onset diversity, and AD comorbidities. Starting with their functions in controlling cellular trafficking of amyloid precursor protein and the metabolism of the amyloid beta peptide, we present and exemplify how these receptors, despite being structurally similar, regulate various and distinct cellular events involved in AD. This includes a plethora of signaling crosstalks that impact on neuronal survival, neuronal wiring, neuronal polarity, and synaptic plasticity. Signaling activities of the VPS10p-D receptors are especially linked, but not limited to, the regulation of neuronal fitness and apoptosis via their physical interaction with pro- and mature neurotrophins and their receptors. By compiling the functional versatility of VPS10p-D receptors and their interactions with AD-related pathways, we aim to further propel the AD research towards VPS10p-D receptor family, knowledge that may lead to new diagnostic markers and therapeutic strategies for AD patients.
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Chu X, Liu R, Li C, Gao T, Dong Y, Jiang Y, Ke D. The association of plasma sortilin with essential hypertension and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis: A cross-sectional study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:966890. [PMID: 36312293 PMCID: PMC9597455 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.966890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sortilin, a protein that regulates glucose and lipid metabolism, has recently been linked to cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as coronary heart disease and carotid artery stenosis. In this study, we measured circulating sortilin concentrations in essential hypertensive (EH) patients, and evaluated the association between sortilin, hypertension, and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in hypertensive individuals. Methods This cross-sectional study included 336 individuals, including 186 newly diagnosed EH patients and 150 age-and-sex-matched normotensive healthy subjects (NT). Plasma sortilin and adiponectin (ADI) levels were measured using ELISA kits. In the EH group, high-resolution B-mode ultrasound was used to detect the existence of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis (subAS), which was defined as having a carotid intima–media thickness (cIMT) ≥ 1.0 mm and/or plaque on the carotid artery without any clinical manifestations. Results Our findings showed that plasma sortilin concentrations ranged from 3.34–11.34 ng/ml for all subjects. Sortilin levels were significantly higher in the EH group than in the NT group (8.10 ± 1.82 ng/ml vs. 6.37 ± 1.52 ng/ml, P < 0.001) and were further upregulated in the EH with subclinical carotid atherosclerosis (EH + subAS) group compared to the EH without subclinical carotid atherosclerosis (EH-subAS) group (8.42 ± 1.75 ng/ml vs. 7.79 ± 1.84 ng/ml, P < 0.05). In correlation analysis, sortilin was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), white blood cell (WBC), endothelin-1 (ET-1), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and cIMT (all P < 0.05) and negatively associated with NO and ADI (P < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that SBP, LDL-C, and ET-1 were independently associated with plasma sortilin levels. Increased sortilin levels were independently associated with the risk of EH (OR: 1.86, 95%CI: 1.56–2.20, P < 0.001) and EH + subAS (OR: 1.33, 95%CI: 1.07–1.66, P = 0.011), after adjustment for multiple risk factors. Restricted spline curve showed that elevated sortilin levels increase the odds of having EH. Conclusion Elevated sortilin levels are associated with an increased risk of essential hypertension and subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglin Chu
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunli Li
- Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tao Gao
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yongqi Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of General Practice, Chongqing Emergency Medical Center, Chongqing University Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Dazhi Ke
- Department of General Practice, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Dazhi Ke,
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AKADAM-TEKER AB, TEKER E. Effect of SORT1 rs599839 Polymorphism on Lipid Profiles: A Single City Experience. İSTANBUL GELIŞIM ÜNIVERSITESI SAĞLIK BILIMLERI DERGISI 2022. [DOI: 10.38079/igusabder.987894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Amaç: VPS10p ailesinin bir reseptörü olan Sortilin-1(SORT1)’i kodlayan SORT1 geni 1p13.3’de lokalizedir. SORT1 genom çapında ilişkilendirme çalışmalarında (GWAS) hepatik lipit metabolizması ve düşük dansiteli lipoprotein-kolesterol (LDL-K) seviyeleri ile olan ilişkisinden dolayı koroner kalp hastalığı (KKH) oluşturma riski ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. SORT1 gen bölgesi üzerindeki çeşitli varyasyonlar lipit profilleri üzerinde farklı etkilere neden olmaktadır. Bizim bu çalışmadaki amacımız; Giresun ilinde SORT1 rs599839 gen varyantlarının KKH gelişimi ve lipit parametreleri üzerine bir etkisinin olup olmadığını belirlemektir.Yöntem: Bu vaka-kontrol çalışmasında 396 kişiden oluşan erkek çalışma grubunda (209 KKH /187 kontrol) SORT1 rs599839 polimorfizmi için TaqMan 5’ Allelik Ayrım Testi ile genotipleme yapıldı.Bulgular: Hasta ve kontrol grupları arasında SORT1 rs599839 genotip dağılımları açısından istatistiksel olarak fark bulunmamaktadır (p=0.81). G allel varlığı hem hasta hem de kontrol grubunda daha düşük Total-Kolesterol (TK) (sırasıyla; p=0.005,p=0.032) ve LDL-K (sırasıyla; p=0.005,p=0.040) seviyelerine sebep olurken daha yüksek yüksek dansiteli lipoprotein-kolesterol (HDL-K) (sırasıyla; p=0.001,p=0.006) seviyeleri gözlenmiştir.Sonuç: Bulgularımız SORT1 rs599839 polimorfizminin direk olarak KKH patogenezine katkısının olmadığı yönündedir. Ancak, minör G allel varlığının TK ve LDL-K seviyelerini düşürürken, HDL-K seviyelerinde yükselmeye sebep olduğu görülmüştür. Bu durum minör G allel varlığının lipit profili üzerine olumlu etki gösterdiği ve KKH’a karşı koruyucu olduğu izlenimini vermiştir.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erhan TEKER
- Dr. Ali Menekşe Göğüs Hastalıkları Hastanesi
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Mitok KA, Keller MP, Attie AD. Sorting through the extensive and confusing roles of sortilin in metabolic disease. J Lipid Res 2022; 63:100243. [PMID: 35724703 PMCID: PMC9356209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2022.100243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sortilin is a post-Golgi trafficking receptor homologous to the yeast vacuolar protein sorting receptor 10 (VPS10). The VPS10 motif on sortilin is a 10-bladed β-propeller structure capable of binding more than 50 proteins, covering a wide range of biological functions including lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, neuronal growth and death, inflammation, and lysosomal degradation. Sortilin has a complex cellular trafficking itinerary, where it functions as a receptor in the trans-Golgi network, endosomes, secretory vesicles, multivesicular bodies, and at the cell surface. In addition, sortilin is associated with hypercholesterolemia, Alzheimer's disease, prion diseases, Parkinson's disease, and inflammation syndromes. The 1p13.3 locus containing SORT1, the gene encoding sortilin, carries the strongest association with LDL-C of all loci in human genome-wide association studies. However, the mechanism by which sortilin influences LDL-C is unclear. Here, we review the role sortilin plays in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and describe in detail the large and often contradictory literature on the role of sortilin in the regulation of LDL-C levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly A Mitok
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Mark P Keller
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Alan D Attie
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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El-Khodary NM, Dabees H, Werida RH. Folic acid effect on homocysteine, sortilin levels and glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Nutr Diabetes 2022; 12:33. [PMID: 35732620 PMCID: PMC9217798 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-022-00210-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The present study aimed to determine the folic acid supplement (FAS) effects on serum homocysteine and sortilin levels, glycemic indices, and lipid profile in type II diabetic patients. Method A double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial have been performed on 100 patients with T2DM randomly divided into two groups that received either placebo or folic acid 5 mg/d for 12 weeks. Results FAS caused a significant decrease in homocysteine and sortilin serum levels (28.2% and 33.7%, P < 0.0001, respectively). After 3 months of intervention, 8.7% decrease in fasting blood glucose (P = 0.0005), 8.2% in HbA1c (P = 0.0002), 13.7% in serum insulin (P < 0.0001) and 21.7% in insulin resistance (P < 0.0001) were found in the folic acid group, however no significant difference was observed in the placebo group. Serum hs-CRP level showed significant positive associations with sortilin (r = 0.237, P = 0.018), homocysteine (r = 0.308, P = 0.002) and fasting blood glucose (r = 0.342, P = 0.000). There were no significant changes in lipid profile in both groups after 12 weeks. Conclusion FAS might be beneficial for reducing homocysteine and sortilin levels, enhancing glycemic control, and improved insulin resistance in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha M El-Khodary
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh City, Egypt
| | - Hossam Dabees
- Internal Medicine and Diabetes Department, Damanhour Medical National Institute, Damanhour City, Egypt
| | - Rehab H Werida
- Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Practice Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour City, Egypt.
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Jankowski V, Saritas T, Kjolby M, Hermann J, Speer T, Himmelsbach A, Mahr K, Heuschkel MA, Schunk SJ, Thirup S, Winther S, Bottcher M, Nyegard M, Nykjaer A, Kramann R, Kaesler N, Jankowski J, Floege J, Marx N, Goettsch C. Carbamylated sortilin associates with cardiovascular calcification in patients with chronic kidney disease. Kidney Int 2021; 101:574-584. [PMID: 34767831 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2021.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Sortilin, an intracellular sorting receptor, has been identified as a cardiovascular risk factor in the general population. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are highly susceptible to develop cardiovascular complications such as calcification. However, specific CKD-induced posttranslational protein modifications of sortilin and their link to cardiovascular calcification remain unknown. To investigate this, we examined two independent CKD cohorts for carbamylation of circulating sortilin and detected increased carbamylated sortilin lysine residues in the extracellular domain of sortilin with kidney function decline using targeted mass spectrometry. Structure analysis predicted altered ligand binding by carbamylated sortilin, which was verified by binding studies using surface plasmon resonance measurement, showing an increased affinity of interleukin 6 to in vitro carbamylated sortilin. Further, carbamylated sortilin increased vascular calcification in vitro and ex vivo that was accelerated by interleukin 6. Imaging by mass spectrometry of human calcified arteries revealed in situ carbamylated sortilin. In patients with CKD, sortilin carbamylation was associated with coronary artery calcification, independent of age and kidney function. Moreover, patients with carbamylated sortilin displayed significantly faster progression of coronary artery calcification than patients without sortilin carbamylation. Thus, carbamylated sortilin may be a risk factor for cardiovascular calcification and may contribute to elevated cardiovascular complications in patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Turgay Saritas
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mads Kjolby
- Center for Proteins in Memory (PROMEMO) and Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Danish Diabetes Academy, Novo Nordisk Foundation, Hellerup, Denmark; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Juliane Hermann
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thimoteus Speer
- Department of Internal Medicine 4, Translational Cardio-Renal Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Anika Himmelsbach
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
| | - Kerstin Mahr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marina Augusto Heuschkel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
| | - Stefan J Schunk
- Department of Internal Medicine 4, Translational Cardio-Renal Medicine, Saarland University, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Soren Thirup
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Simon Winther
- Department of Cardiology, Gødstrup Hospital, NIDO, Herning, Denmark
| | - Morten Bottcher
- Department of Cardiology, Gødstrup Hospital, NIDO, Herning, Denmark
| | - Mette Nyegard
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Anders Nykjaer
- Center for Proteins in Memory (PROMEMO) and Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience (DANDRITE), Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rafael Kramann
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Institute of Experimental Medicine and Systems Biology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nadine Kaesler
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Joachim Jankowski
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Juergen Floege
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Nikolaus Marx
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany
| | - Claudia Goettsch
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Medical Faculty, Aachen, Germany.
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Xu J, Shen CJ, Ooi JD, Tang YS, Xiao Z, Yuan QJ, Zhong Y, Zhou QL. Serum Sortilin Is Associated with Coronary Artery Calcification and Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients. KIDNEY DISEASES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 7:503-513. [PMID: 34901196 PMCID: PMC8613630 DOI: 10.1159/000517304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the role of serum sortilin in coronary artery calcification (CAC) and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (CCE) in maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. METHODS One hundred eleven patients with MHD ≥3 months were included in this study. The general data, clinical features, hematological data, and medication history of the patients were recorded. Eighty-five cases were examined by vascular color Doppler ultrasound, cardiac color Doppler ultrasound, lateral lumbar radiography, and coronary artery calcification score. The patients were followed up for a median time of 45 months. The primary endpoint was CCE or death from a vascular event, and the role of sortilin in this process was analyzed. RESULTS Among 85 MHD patients, 51 cases (60.00%) had different degrees of CAC. There were significant differences in diabetes, dialysis time, serum phosphorus, calcium-phosphorus product, medical history of phosphate binders, sortilin, and carotid artery plaque between 4 different degrees of calcification groups (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that diabetes (OR = 5.475; 95% CI: 1.794-16.71, p = 0.003), calcium-phosphorus product (OR = 2.953; 95% CI: 1.198-7.279, p = 0.019), and sortilin (OR = 1.475 per 100 pg/mL; 95% CI: 1.170-1.858, p = 0.001) were independent risk factors for CAC. During the follow-up, 28 cases of 111 patients (25.23%) suffered from CCE. There were significant differences in CCE between mild, moderate, and severe CAC groups and noncalcification groups (p < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that diabetes mellitus (HR 3.424; 95% CI: 1.348-8.701, p = 0.010), CAC (HR 5.210; 95% CI: 1.093-24.83, p = 0.038), and serum sortilin (HR = 8.588; 95% CI: 1.919-38.43, p = 0.005) were independent risk factors for CCE. Besides, we proposed a cutoff value of 418 pg/mL for serum sortilin level, which was able to predict the occurrence of CCE with 75.0% sensitivity and 71.9% specificity. The area under the curve was 0.778 (95% CI: 0.673-0.883). CONCLUSION Sortilin is newly found to be independently associated with CAC and CCE in MHD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chan-Juan Shen
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou, China
| | - Joshua D. Ooi
- Centre for Inflammatory Diseases, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Yang-Shuo Tang
- Department of Ultrasonography, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhou Xiao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiong-Jing Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Zhong
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiao-Ling Zhou
- Department of Nephrology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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11
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Werida RH, Omran A, El-Khodary NM. Sortilin and Homocysteine as Potential Biomarkers for Coronary Artery Diseases. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:6167-6176. [PMID: 34611430 PMCID: PMC8485923 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s324889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to assess the relationship of coronary artery disease (CAD) with levels of homocysteine and sortilin in Egyptian patients. Background CAD is a primary contributor to cardiac disease and a prominent cause of death globally. Patients and Methods We enrolled 45 patients with CAD evaluated by coronary CT angiography and 42 control subjects without CAD. Plasma-homocysteine and -sortilin levels were measured with a commercial ELISA kit. Results Elevated levels of homocysteine and sortilin were observed in the CAD patients compared to controls (13.75±1.40 vs 7.73±2.06 μmol/L, P=0 and 160.91±32.17 vs 143.02±32.30 ng/dL, P=0.02, respectively). Significantly higher total cholesterol, low density–lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides (P<0.05) and lower high density–lipoprotein cholesterol (P<0.05) were seen among patients with CAD than the control group. Sortilin levels were positively associated with homocysteine levels (r=0.32, P=0.006), total cholesterol (r=0.61, P=0), low density–lipoprotein cholesterol (r=0.37, P=0.001), triglycerides (r=0.91, P=0), troponin I (r=0.82, P=0), Gensini score (r=0.93, P=0) and high-sensitivity CRP (r=0.87, P=0) in all subjects. Homocysteine has a significantly negative association with high density–lipoprotein cholesterol (r=−0.42, P=0). Conclusion Elevated homocysteine and sortilin levels are crucial risk factors of CAD in Egyptian patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab H Werida
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Ayman Omran
- Department of Cardiology, Damanhour National Medical Institute, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Noha M El-Khodary
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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12
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Zhang Q, Lin W, Tian L, Di B, Yu J, Niu X, Liu J. Oxidized low-density lipoprotein activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling to downregulate sortilin expression in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 36:2610-2618. [PMID: 33694195 PMCID: PMC8518938 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Both type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease are closely associated with elevated levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and its oxidized form (ox-LDL). This study aimed to investigate the regulation of sortilin in liver tissue and its potential implications for lipid metabolism. METHODS Sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group (n = 15), ox-LDL group (n = 15), PD98059 group (n = 15), and ox-LDL + PD98059 group (n = 15). Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells were extracted from liver tissue of the control group and were identified using an anti-CD31 antibody. Lipid droplet accumulation was observed by Oil red O and hematoxylin-eosin staining. The protein expression levels were detected by immunohistochemical staining, real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and western blot. Histopathologic examinations were performed by Gomori methenamine silver staining. RESULTS The ox-LDL group exhibited increased lipid droplet accumulation. Further, ox-LDL activated the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-mediated downregulation of sortilin expression, whereas blocking of ERK signaling by PD98059 increased sortilin protein expression. Consistently, hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the structure of the hepatocytes was loose and disordered in arrangement, with lipid droplets present in the cytoplasm of the ox-LDL group. However, PD98059 significantly improved the integration of the scaffold structure. Gomori methenamine silver staining showed that the ox-LDL group had darker and more obvious fragmented silver nitrate deposits in the basement membrane and sinus space. CONCLUSIONS Sortilin can protect liver sinusoidal endothelial cells from injury and maintain integration of the liver scaffold structure in ox-LDL-induced lipid-injured liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Department of EndocrinologyGansu Provincial HospitalLanzhouChina,Clinical Research Center for Metabolic DiseasesGansu ProvincialLanzhouChina
| | - Wenyan Lin
- Gansu Provincial Hospital West CampusLanzhouChina,Clinical Research Center for Metabolic DiseasesGansu ProvincialLanzhouChina
| | - Limin Tian
- Department of EndocrinologyGansu Provincial HospitalLanzhouChina,Clinical Research Center for Metabolic DiseasesGansu ProvincialLanzhouChina
| | - Baoshan Di
- Gansu Provincial Hospital West CampusLanzhouChina
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of EndocrinologyGansu Provincial HospitalLanzhouChina,Clinical Research Center for Metabolic DiseasesGansu ProvincialLanzhouChina
| | - Xiang'e Niu
- Department of EndocrinologyGansu Provincial HospitalLanzhouChina,Clinical Research Center for Metabolic DiseasesGansu ProvincialLanzhouChina,Gansu University of Chinese MedicineLanzhouChina
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of EndocrinologyGansu Provincial HospitalLanzhouChina,Clinical Research Center for Metabolic DiseasesGansu ProvincialLanzhouChina
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13
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Jin X, Yu H, Wang B, Sun Z, Zhang Z, Liu QS, Zheng Y, Zhou Q, Jiang G. Airborne particulate matters induce thrombopoiesis from megakaryocytes through regulating mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Part Fibre Toxicol 2021; 18:19. [PMID: 33985555 PMCID: PMC8117637 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-021-00411-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although airborne fine particulate matter (PM) pollution has been demonstrated as an independent risk factor for pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases, their currently-available toxicological data is still far from sufficient to explain the cause-and-effect. Platelets can regulate a variety of physiological and pathological processes, and the epidemiological study has indicated a positive association between PM exposure and the increased number of circulative platelets. As one of the target organs for PM pollution, the lung has been found to be involved in the storage of platelet progenitor cells (i.e. megakaryocytes) and thrombopoiesis. Whether PM exposure influences thrombopoiesis or not is thus explored in the present study by investigating the differentiation of megakaryocytes upon PM treatment. RESULTS The results showed that PM exposure promoted the thrombopoiesis in an exposure concentration-dependent manner. PM exposure induced the megakaryocytic maturation and development by causing cell morphological changes, occurrence of DNA ploidy, and alteration in the expressions of biomarkers for platelet formation. The proteomics assay demonstrated that the main metabolic pathway regulating PM-incurred alteration of megakaryocytic maturation and thrombopoiesis was the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) process. Furthermore, airborne PM sample promoted-thrombopoiesis from megakaryocytes was related to particle size, but independent of sampling filters. CONCLUSION The findings for the first time unveil the potential perturbation of haze exposure in thrombopoiesis from megakaryocytes by regulating mitochondrial OXPHOS. The substantial evidence on haze particle-incurred hematotoxicity obtained herein provided new insights for assessing the hazardous health risks from PM pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
- China School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Yu
- China School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Baoqiang Wang
- China School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhendong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze Zhang
- China School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian S Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Zheng
- China School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Qunfang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China.
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China.
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, 430056, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, People's Republic of China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310000, People's Republic of China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People's Republic of China
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14
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Møller PL, Rohde PD, Winther S, Breining P, Nissen L, Nykjaer A, Bøttcher M, Nyegaard M, Kjolby M. Sortilin as a Biomarker for Cardiovascular Disease Revisited. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:652584. [PMID: 33937362 PMCID: PMC8085299 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.652584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variants in the genomic region containing SORT1 (encoding the protein sortilin) are strongly associated with cholesterol levels and the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Circulating sortilin has therefore been proposed as a potential biomarker for cardiovascular disease. Multiple studies have reported association between plasma sortilin levels and cardiovascular outcomes. However, the findings are not consistent across studies, and most studies have small sample sizes. The aim of this study was to evaluate sortilin as a biomarker for CAD in a well-characterized cohort with symptoms suggestive of CAD. In total, we enrolled 1,173 patients with suspected stable CAD referred to coronary computed tomography angiography. Sortilin was measured in plasma using two different technologies for quantifying circulating sortilin: a custom-made enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and OLINK Cardiovascular Panel II. We found a relative poor correlation between the two methods (correlation coefficient = 0.21). In addition, genotyping and whole-genome sequencing were performed on all patients. By whole-genome regression analysis of sortilin levels measured with ELISA and OLINK, two independent cis protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) on chromosome 1p13.3 were identified, with one of them being a well-established risk locus for CAD. Incorporating rare genetic variants from whole-genome sequence data did not identify any additional pQTLs for plasma sortilin. None of the traditional CAD risk factors, such as sex, age, smoking, and statin use, were associated with plasma sortilin levels. Furthermore, there was no association between circulating sortilin levels and coronary artery calcium score (CACS) or disease severity. Sortilin did not improve discrimination of obstructive CAD, when added to a clinical pretest probability (PTP) model for CAD. Overall, our results indicate that studies using different methodologies for measuring circulating sortilin should be compared with caution. In conclusion, the well-known SORT1 risk locus for CAD is linked to lower sortilin levels in circulation, measured with ELISA; however, the effect sizes are too small for sortilin to be a useful biomarker for CAD in a clinical setting of low- to intermediate-risk chest-pain patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Palle D. Rohde
- Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Simon Winther
- Department of Cardiology, Gødstrup Hospital, NIDO, Herning, Denmark
| | - Peter Breining
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- PROMEMO and DANDRITE, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Louise Nissen
- Department of Cardiology, Gødstrup Hospital, NIDO, Herning, Denmark
| | - Anders Nykjaer
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- PROMEMO and DANDRITE, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Morten Bøttcher
- Department of Cardiology, Gødstrup Hospital, NIDO, Herning, Denmark
| | - Mette Nyegaard
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Mads Kjolby
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- PROMEMO and DANDRITE, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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15
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Ghaemimanesh F, Mehravar M, Milani S, Poursani EM, Saliminejad K. The multifaceted role of sortilin/neurotensin receptor 3 in human cancer development. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6271-6281. [PMID: 33634506 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sortilin (also known as neurotensin receptor 3) is a multitasking protein implicated in numerous pathophysiological processes, including cancer development, cardiovascular impairment, Alzheimer-type dementia, and depression. Although the definitive role of sortilin in human solid and hematological malignancies has been evidenced, few articles reviewed the task. The aim of the current review is to unravel the mechanisms by which sortilin controls oncogenicity and cancer progression; and also to summarize and discuss the original data obtained from international research laboratories on this topic. Questions on how sortilin is involving in the impairment of cell junctions, in exosomes composition and release, as well as in the regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor trafficking are also responded. In addition, we provide a special focus on the regulatory role of sortilin in signal transduction by either neurotrophins or neurotensin in normal and malignant cells. The relevance of sortilin with normal and cancer stem cells is also discussed. The last section provides a general overview of sortilin applications as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in the context of cancer detection. Finally, we comment on the future research aspects in which the field of cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy might be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Ghaemimanesh
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Mehravar
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Development and Stem Cells Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Saeideh Milani
- Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ensieh M Poursani
- Hematology, Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kioomars Saliminejad
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Biscetti F, Nardella E, Rando MM, Cecchini AL, Gasbarrini A, Massetti M, Flex A. Outcomes of Lower Extremity Endovascular Revascularization: Potential Predictors and Prevention Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:2002. [PMID: 33670461 PMCID: PMC7922574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22042002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is a manifestation of atherosclerosis, which may affect arteries of the lower extremities. The most dangerous PAD complication is chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). Without revascularization, CLTI often causes limb loss. However, neither open surgical revascularization nor endovascular treatment (EVT) ensure long-term success and freedom from restenosis and revascularization failure. In recent years, EVT has gained growing acceptance among all vascular specialties, becoming the primary approach of revascularization in patients with CLTI. In clinical practice, different clinical outcomes after EVT in patients with similar comorbidities undergoing the same procedure (in terms of revascularization technique and localization of the disease) cause unsolved issues that need to be addressed. Nowadays, risk management of revascularization failure is one of the major challenges in the vascular field. The aim of this literature review is to identify potential predictors for lower extremity endovascular revascularization outcomes and possible prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Biscetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy; (M.M.R.); (A.G.); (M.M.); (A.F.)
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Nardella
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (E.N.); (A.L.C.)
| | - Maria Margherita Rando
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy; (M.M.R.); (A.G.); (M.M.); (A.F.)
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Leonardo Cecchini
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (E.N.); (A.L.C.)
| | - Antonio Gasbarrini
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy; (M.M.R.); (A.G.); (M.M.); (A.F.)
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (E.N.); (A.L.C.)
| | - Massimo Massetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy; (M.M.R.); (A.G.); (M.M.); (A.F.)
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
| | - Andrea Flex
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy; (M.M.R.); (A.G.); (M.M.); (A.F.)
- Cardiovascular Internal Medicine Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Roma, Italy
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Roma, Italy; (E.N.); (A.L.C.)
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17
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Hijazi Z, Wallentin L, Lindbäck J, Alexander JH, Connolly SJ, Eikelboom JW, Ezekowitz MD, Granger CB, Lopes RD, Pol T, Yusuf S, Oldgren J, Siegbahn A. Screening of Multiple Biomarkers Associated With Ischemic Stroke in Atrial Fibrillation. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e018984. [PMID: 33292046 PMCID: PMC7955358 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.018984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Background To explore the pathophysiological features of ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), we evaluated the association between 268 plasma proteins and subsequent ischemic stroke in 2 large AF cohorts receiving oral anticoagulation. Methods and Results A case-cohort sample of patients with AF from the ARISTOTLE (Apixaban for Reduction in Stroke and Other Thromboembolic Events in Atrial Fibrillation) trial, including 282 cases with ischemic stroke or systemic embolism and a random sample of 4124 without these events, during 1.9 years of follow-up was used for identification. Validation was provided by a similar case-cohort sample of patients with AF from the RE-LY (Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulation Therapy) trial, including 149 cases with ischemic stroke/systemic embolism and a random sample of 1062 without these events. In plasma obtained before randomization, 268 unique biomarkers were measured with OLINK proximity extension assay panels (CVD II, CVD III, and Inflammation) and conventional immunoassays. The association between biomarkers and outcomes was evaluated by random survival forest and adjusted Cox regression. According to random survival forest or Cox regression analyses, the biomarkers most strongly and consistently associated with ischemic stroke/systemic embolism were matrix metalloproteinase-9, NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide), osteopontin, sortilin, soluble suppression of tumorigenesis 2, and trefoil factor-3. The corresponding hazard ratios (95% CIs) for an interquartile difference were as follows: 1.18 (1.00-1.38), 1.55 (1.28-1.88), 1.28 (1.07-1.53), 1.19 (1.02-1.39), 1.23 (1.05-1.45), and 1.19 (0.97-1.45), respectively. Conclusions In patients with AF, of 268 unique biomarkers, the 6 biomarkers most strongly associated with subsequent ischemic stroke/systemic embolism represent fibrosis/remodeling (matrix metalloproteinase-9 and soluble suppression of tumorigenesis 2), cardiac dysfunction (NT-proBNP), vascular calcification (osteopontin), metabolism (sortilin), and mucosal integrity/ischemia (trefoil factor-3). Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique Identifiers: NCT00412984 and NCT00262600.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziad Hijazi
- Department of Medical Sciences Cardiology Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden.,Uppsala Clinical Research Center Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Lars Wallentin
- Department of Medical Sciences Cardiology Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden.,Uppsala Clinical Research Center Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Johan Lindbäck
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Michael D Ezekowitz
- Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia PA.,Cardiovascular Medicine Lankenau Institute for Medical Research Wynnewood PA
| | | | | | - Tymon Pol
- Department of Medical Sciences Cardiology Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Salim Yusuf
- Population Health Research Institute Hamilton ON Canada
| | - Jonas Oldgren
- Department of Medical Sciences Cardiology Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden.,Uppsala Clinical Research Center Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Agneta Siegbahn
- Uppsala Clinical Research Center Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden.,Department of Medical Sciences Clinical Chemistry and Science for Life Laboratory Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
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18
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Al-Yozbaki M, Acha-Sagredo A, George A, Liloglou T, Wilson CM. Balancing neurotrophin pathway and sortilin function: Its role in human disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1874:188429. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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19
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Biscetti F, Nardella E, Rando MM, Cecchini AL, Bonadia N, Bruno P, Angelini F, Di Stasi C, Contegiacomo A, Santoliquido A, Pitocco D, Landolfi R, Flex A. Sortilin levels correlate with major cardiovascular events of diabetic patients with peripheral artery disease following revascularization: a prospective study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2020; 19:147. [PMID: 32977814 PMCID: PMC7519536 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-020-01123-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Peripheral artery disease (PAD) represents one of the most relevant vascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Moreover, T2DM patients suffering from PAD have an increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and major adverse limb events (MALE). Sortilin, a protein involved in apolipoproteins trafficking, is associated with lower limb PAD in T2DM patients. Objective To evaluate the relationship between baseline serum levels of sortilin, MACE and MALE occurrence after revascularization of T2DM patients with PAD and chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI). Research design and methods We performed a prospective non-randomized study including 230 statin-free T2DM patients with PAD and CLTI. Sortilin levels were measured before the endovascular intervention and incident outcomes were assessed during a 12 month follow-up. Results Sortilin levels were significantly increased in individuals with more aggressive PAD (2.25 ± 0.51 ng/mL vs 1.44 ± 0.47 ng/mL, p < 0.001). During follow-up, 83 MACE and 116 MALE occurred. In patients, who then developed MACE and MALE, sortilin was higher. In particular, 2.46 ± 0.53 ng/mL vs 1.55 ± 0.42 ng/mL, p < 0.001 for MACE and 2.10 ± 0.54 ng/mL vs 1.65 ± 0.65 ng/mL, p < 0.001 for MALE. After adjusting for traditional atherosclerosis risk factors, the association between sortilin and vascular outcomes remained significant in a multivariate analysis. In our receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis using sortilin levels the prediction of MACE incidence improved (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.94) and MALE (AUC = 0.72). Conclusions This study demonstrates that sortilin correlates with incidence of MACE and MALE after endovascular revascularization in a diabetic population with PAD and CLTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Biscetti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italia. .,Internal Medicine and Vascular Diseases Unit, Roma, Italia. .,Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Roma, Italia.
| | | | | | | | - Nicola Bonadia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italia.,Emergency Medicine, Roma, Italia
| | - Piergiorgio Bruno
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italia.,Cardiac Surgery Unit, Roma, Italia
| | - Flavia Angelini
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Roma, Italia
| | | | | | - Angelo Santoliquido
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italia.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia.,Angiology Unit, Roma, Italia
| | - Dario Pitocco
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italia.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia.,Diabetology Unit, Roma, Italia
| | - Raffaele Landolfi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italia.,Internal Medicine and Vascular Diseases Unit, Roma, Italia.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
| | - Andrea Flex
- Department of Internal Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, Roma, 00168, Italia.,Internal Medicine and Vascular Diseases Unit, Roma, Italia.,Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Department of Translational Medicine and Surgery, Roma, Italia.,Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italia
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20
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Biscetti F, Nardella E, Cecchini AL, Flex A, Landolfi R. Biomarkers of vascular disease in diabetes: the adipose-immune system cross talk. Intern Emerg Med 2020; 15:381-393. [PMID: 31919781 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-019-02270-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Experimental and clinical studies aimed at investigating the mechanism(s) underlying vascular complications of diabetes indicate that a great number of molecules are involved in the pathogenesis of these complications. Most of these molecules are inflammatory mediators or markers generated by immune or adipose tissue. Some of them, i.e. resistin and sortilin, have been shown to be involved in the cross talk between adipocytes and inflammatory cells. This interaction is an attractive area of research, particularly in type 2 diabetes and obesity. Other proteins, such as adiponectin and visfatin, appear to be more promising as possible vascular markers. In addition, some molecules involved in calcium/phosphorus metabolism, such as klotho and FGF23, have an involvement in the pathogenesis of diabetic vasculopathy, which appears to be dependent on the degree of vascular impairment. Inflammatory markers are a promising tool for treatment decisions while measuring plasma levels of adipokines, sortilin, Klotho and FGF23 in adequately sized longitudinal studies is expected to allow a more precise characterization of diabetic vascular disease and the optimal use of personalized treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Biscetti
- U.O.C. Clinica Medica e Malattie Vascolari, Catholic University School of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Nardella
- U.O.C. Clinica Medica e Malattie Vascolari, Catholic University School of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Leonardo Cecchini
- U.O.C. Clinica Medica e Malattie Vascolari, Catholic University School of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Flex
- U.O.C. Clinica Medica e Malattie Vascolari, Catholic University School of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- U.O.S.A Medicina delle Malattie Vascolari Periferiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Raffaele Landolfi
- U.O.C. Clinica Medica e Malattie Vascolari, Catholic University School of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo Francesco Vito, 1, 00168, Rome, Italy.
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy.
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21
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Su X, Peng D. New insight into sortilin in controlling lipid metabolism and the risk of atherogenesis. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:232-243. [PMID: 31625271 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Su
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Daoquan Peng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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22
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Demir İ, Yildirim Akan O, Guler A, Bozkaya G, Aslanipour B, Calan M. Relation of Decreased Circulating Sortilin Levels With Unfavorable Metabolic Profiles in Subjects With Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Am J Med Sci 2019; 359:8-16. [PMID: 31902442 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2019.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sortilin, a pluripotent peptide hormone, plays a role in glucose and lipid metabolism. A link between sortilin and insulin sensitivity has been implicated. However, the clinical implications of this link remain elusive. Our aims were to investigate whether sortilin levels were altered in subjects with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (nT2DM) compared with subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and to determine whether a link exist between sortilin levels and metabolic parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 150 subjects including 75 nT2DM patients and 75 subjects with NGT who were matched in age, body mass index, and sex were enrolled into this case-control study. The circulating levels of sortilin were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A 2-hour 75-g oral glucose tolerance test was used for diagnosis of T2DM. Metabolic parameters of enrolled subjects were also determined. RESULTS The circulating levels of sortilin were found to be significantly lower in subjects with nT2DM than in controls (138.44 ± 38.39 vs. 184.93 ± 49.67 pg/mL, P < 0.001). Sortilin levels showed a negative correlation with insulin resistance and unfavorable lipid profiles, while they were positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in subjects with nT2DM. Linear regression analysis showed an independent and inverse link between sortilin and insulin resistance and unfavorable lipid profiles. Moreover, logistic regression analysis revealed that the subjects with the lowest sortilin levels had an increased risk of nT2DM compared with those subjects with the highest sortilin levels. CONCLUSIONS Decreased circulating levels of sortilin were associated with unfavorable metabolic profiles in subjects with nT2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- İsmail Demir
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine
| | | | | | - Giray Bozkaya
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Izmir Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Behnaz Aslanipour
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ege University, Izmir, Tukey
| | - Mehmet Calan
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine.
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23
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Sun S, Yang J, Xie W, Peng T, Lv Y. Complicated trafficking behaviors involved in paradoxical regulation of sortilin in lipid metabolism. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:3258-3269. [PMID: 31608989 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This review aims to summarize and discuss the most recent advances in our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the paradoxical effects of sortilin on lipid metabolism. The vacuolar protein sorting 10 protein (Vps10p) domain in the sortilin protein is responsible for substrate binding. Its cytoplasmic tail interacts with adaptor molecules, and modifications can determine whether sortilin trafficking occurs via the anterograde or retrograde pathway. The complicated trafficking behaviors likely contribute to the paradoxical roles of sortilin in lipid metabolism. The anterograde pathway of sortilin trafficking in hepatocytes, enterocytes, and peripheral cells likely causes an increase in plasma lipid levels, while the retrograde pathway leads to the opposite effect. Hepatocyte sortilin functions via the anterograde or retrograde pathway in a complicated and paradoxical manner to regulate apoB-containing lipoprotein metabolism. Clarifying the regulatory mechanisms underlying the trafficking behaviors of sortilin is necessary and may lead to artificial sortilin intervention as a potential therapeutic strategy for lipid disorder diseases. Conclusively, the paradoxical regulation of sortilin in lipid metabolism is likely due to its complicated trafficking behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Sun
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang City, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Clinical Medical Research Institute of the First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang City, China
| | - Wei Xie
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang City, China
| | - Tianhong Peng
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang City, China
| | - Yuncheng Lv
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang City, China
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24
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Biscetti F, Bonadia N, Santini F, Angelini F, Nardella E, Pitocco D, Santoliquido A, Filipponi M, Landolfi R, Flex A. Sortilin levels are associated with peripheral arterial disease in type 2 diabetic subjects. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2019; 18:5. [PMID: 30634965 PMCID: PMC6329108 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-019-0805-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sortilin is a 95-kDa protein which has recently been linked to circulating cholesterol concentration and lifetime risk of developing significant atherosclerotic disease. Sortilin is found inside different cell types and circulating in blood. Higher circulating sortilin concentration has been found in patients with coronary atherosclerosis compared to control subjects. Sortilin concentration is influenced by statin therapy. METHODS We enrolled statin-naïve subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus and we performed a cross-sectional study to evaluate the association between sortilin levels and the presence of clinically significant lower limb peripheral artery disease (PAD) in a population of statin-free diabetic subjects. RESULTS Out of the 154 patients enrolled in our study, 80 patients were free from PAD, while 74 had clinically significant PAD. Sortilin concentration was significantly higher in the latter group compared to the former (1.61 ± 0.54 ng/mL versus 0.67 ± 0.30 ng/mL, P < 0.01) and there was a trend toward increased sortilin levels as disease severity increased. The association of sortilin levels with PAD remained after adjusting for major risk factors in a multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS We showed that sortilin is significantly and independently associated with the presence of lower limb PAD in a statin-free diabetic population and it may be a promising marker for clinically significant atherosclerosis of the lower limbs. Further studies are needed to confirm this finding and to evaluate its clinical usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Biscetti
- U.O.C. Clinica Medica e Malattie Vascolari, Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Nicola Bonadia
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- U.O.C. Medicina d’Urgenza e Pronto Soccorso, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Santini
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Flavia Angelini
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Nardella
- U.O.C. Clinica Medica e Malattie Vascolari, Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Dario Pitocco
- U.O.S.A. di Diabetologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Angelo Santoliquido
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- U.O.S. Angiologia Columbus, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Raffaele Landolfi
- U.O.C. Clinica Medica e Malattie Vascolari, Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Flex
- U.O.C. Clinica Medica e Malattie Vascolari, Department of Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Genetics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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25
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Emam RH, Ghattas MH, Mesbah NM, Abo-Elmatty DM, Mehanna ET. Relation of locus 1p13 rs646776 polymorphism with the risk of preeclampsia. Hypertens Pregnancy 2018; 37:81-86. [PMID: 29575956 DOI: 10.1080/10641955.2018.1454462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the relation of locus 1p13 rs646776 (T/C) polymorphism with preeclampsia in Egyptian women. METHODS The study included 100 healthy pregnant female subjects and 100 preeclampsia patients. The genotypes of the polymorphisms were assessed. Endothelin-1 level was determined in plasma. RESULTS The major T allele of the 1p13.3 genomic region rs646776 polymorphism had a higher frequency in preeclampsia patients. Carriers of C allele had significantly lower endothelin-1 levels, lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure, decreased proteinuria, and increased HDL-C in the patients. CONCLUSION The rare C allele of rs646776 polymorphism in chromosomal locus 1p13.3 is associated with decreased risk of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana H Emam
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochmistry , Suez Canal University , Ismailia , Egypt
| | - Maivel H Ghattas
- b Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry , Port Said University , Port Said , Egypt
| | - Noha M Mesbah
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochmistry , Suez Canal University , Ismailia , Egypt
| | - Dina M Abo-Elmatty
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochmistry , Suez Canal University , Ismailia , Egypt
| | - Eman T Mehanna
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochmistry , Suez Canal University , Ismailia , Egypt
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26
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Itoh S, Mizuno K, Aikawa M, Aikawa E. Dimerization of sortilin regulates its trafficking to extracellular vesicles. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:4532-4544. [PMID: 29382723 PMCID: PMC5868269 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a critical role in intercellular communication by transferring microRNAs, lipids, and proteins to neighboring cells. Sortilin, a sorting receptor that directs target proteins to the secretory or endocytic compartments of cells, is found in both EVs and cells. In many human diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular disorders, sortilin expression levels are atypically high. To elucidate the relationship between cardiovascular disease, particularly vascular calcification, and sortilin expression levels, we explored the trafficking of sortilin in both the intracellular and extracellular milieu. We previously demonstrated that sortilin promotes vascular calcification via its trafficking of tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase to EVs. Although recent reports have noted that sortilin is regulated by multiple post-translational modifications, the precise mechanisms of sortilin trafficking still need to be determined. Here, we show that sortilin forms homodimers with an intermolecular disulfide bond at the cysteine 783 (Cys783) residue, and because Cys783 can be palmitoylated, it could be shared via palmitoylation and an intermolecular disulfide bond. Formation of this intermolecular disulfide bond leads to trafficking of sortilin to EVs by preventing palmitoylation, which further promotes sortilin trafficking to the Golgi apparatus. Moreover, we found that sortilin-derived propeptide decreased sortilin homodimers within EVs. In conclusion, sortilin is transported to EVs via the formation of homodimers with an intermolecular disulfide bond, which is endogenously regulated by its own propeptide. Therefore, we propose that inhibiting dimerization of sortilin acts as a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of EV-associated diseases, including vascular calcification and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Itoh
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences and.,Tokyo New Drug Research Laboratories, Kowa Company, Ltd., Tokyo 189-0022, Japan
| | - Ken Mizuno
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences and.,Tokyo New Drug Research Laboratories, Kowa Company, Ltd., Tokyo 189-0022, Japan
| | - Masanori Aikawa
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences and.,Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 and
| | - Elena Aikawa
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences and .,Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115 and
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27
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Gao A, Cayabyab FS, Chen X, Yang J, Wang L, Peng T, Lv Y. Implications of Sortilin in Lipid Metabolism and Lipid Disorder Diseases. DNA Cell Biol 2017; 36:1050-1061. [DOI: 10.1089/dna.2017.3853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anbo Gao
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Francisco S. Cayabyab
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Xi Chen
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Metabolism & Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Li Wang
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Tianhong Peng
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Yuncheng Lv
- Clinical Anatomy & Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, China
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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28
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Goettsch C, Kjolby M, Aikawa E. Sortilin and Its Multiple Roles in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 38:19-25. [PMID: 29191923 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.117.310292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western world. Studies of sortilin's influence on cardiovascular and metabolic diseases goes far beyond the genome-wide association studies that have revealed an association between cardiovascular diseases and the 1p13 locus that encodes sortilin. Emerging evidence suggests a significant role of sortilin in the pathogenesis of vascular and metabolic diseases; this includes type II diabetes mellitus via regulation of insulin resistance, atherosclerosis through arterial wall inflammation and calcification, and dysregulated lipoprotein metabolism. Sortilin is also known for its functional role in neurological disorders. It serves as a key receptor for cytokines, lipids, and enzymes and participates in pathological cargo loading to and trafficking of extracellular vesicles. This article provides a comprehensive review of sortilin's contributions to cardiovascular and metabolic diseases but focuses particularly on atherosclerosis. We summarize recent clinical findings that suggest that sortilin may be a cardiovascular risk biomarker and also discuss sortilin as a potential drug target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Goettsch
- From the Department of Internal Medicine I-Cardiology, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (C.G.); The Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Nordic European Molecular Biology Laboratory Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Danish Diabetes Academy, Denmark (M.K.); Department of Biomedicine (M.K.) and Department of Cardiology (M.K.), Aarhus University, Denmark; and Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Mads Kjolby
- From the Department of Internal Medicine I-Cardiology, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (C.G.); The Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Nordic European Molecular Biology Laboratory Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Danish Diabetes Academy, Denmark (M.K.); Department of Biomedicine (M.K.) and Department of Cardiology (M.K.), Aarhus University, Denmark; and Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Elena Aikawa
- From the Department of Internal Medicine I-Cardiology, RWTH Aachen University, Germany (C.G.); The Danish Research Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Nordic European Molecular Biology Laboratory Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Danish Diabetes Academy, Denmark (M.K.); Department of Biomedicine (M.K.) and Department of Cardiology (M.K.), Aarhus University, Denmark; and Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (E.A.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
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29
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Oh TJ, Ahn CH, Kim BR, Kim KM, Moon JH, Lim S, Park KS, Lim C, Jang H, Choi SH. Circulating sortilin level as a potential biomarker for coronary atherosclerosis and diabetes mellitus. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2017; 16:92. [PMID: 28728579 PMCID: PMC5520342 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-017-0568-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Context A previous genome-wide association study showed that a genetic variant of sortilin was associated with the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the role of circulating sortilin is still unknown. We investigated the potential role of plasma sortilin as a biomarker for CAD and diabetes mellitus. Methods We enrolled statin-naïve subjects with CAD (n = 31) who underwent coronary artery bypass surgery and control subjects (n = 116) who were free from CAD as evaluated by coronary CT angiography. The presence of diabetes mellitus was evaluated and plasma sortilin levels were measured with a commercial ELISA kit. Results Plasma sortilin levels were higher in subjects with CAD and subjects with diabetes mellitus than in those without CAD or diabetes mellitus. Subjects in the highest sortilin tertile group were older and had higher glucose and HbA1c levels, but lipid profiles in the three tertile groups were comparable. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that sortilin levels were independently associated with CAD. In addition, the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that plasma sortilin levels could identify the presence of CAD or diabetes mellitus. Conclusions Elevated circulating sortilin levels are associated with CAD and diabetes mellitus and can be used as a biomarker of both diseases in statin-naïve subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Jung Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300, Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-070, South Korea
| | - Chang Ho Ahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bo-Rahm Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300, Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-070, South Korea
| | - Kyoung Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300, Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-070, South Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Moon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300, Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-070, South Korea
| | - Soo Lim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300, Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-070, South Korea
| | - Kyong Soo Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Cheong Lim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - HakChul Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300, Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-070, South Korea
| | - Sung Hee Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. .,Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 300, Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, 463-070, South Korea.
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30
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Hu X, Hu ZL, Li Z, Ruan CS, Qiu WY, Pan A, Li CQ, Cai Y, Shen L, Chu Y, Tang BS, Cai H, Zhou XF, Ma C, Yan XX. Sortilin Fragments Deposit at Senile Plaques in Human Cerebrum. Front Neuroanat 2017. [PMID: 28638323 PMCID: PMC5461299 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2017.00045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic variations in the vacuolar protein sorting 10 protein (Vps10p) family have been linked to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here we demonstrate deposition of fragments from the Vps10p member sortilin at senile plaques (SPs) in aged and AD human cerebrum. Sortilin changes were characterized in postmortem brains with antibodies against the extracellular and intracellular C-terminal domains. The two antibodies exhibited identical labeling in normal human cerebrum, occurring in the somata and dendrites of cortical and hippocampal neurons. The C-terminal antibody also marked extracellular lesions in some aged and all AD cases, appearing as isolated fibrils, mini-plaques, dense-packing or circular mature-looking plaques. Sortilin and β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition were correlated overtly in a region/lamina- and case-dependent manner as analyzed in the temporal lobe structures, with co-localized immunofluorescence seen at individual SPs. However, sortilin deposition rarely occurred around the pia, at vascular wall or in areas with typical diffuse Aβ deposition, with the labeling not enhanced by section pretreatment with heating or formic acid. Levels of a major sortilin fragment ~15 kDa, predicted to derive from the C-terminal region, were dramatically elevated in AD relative to control cortical lysates. Thus, sortilin fragments are a prominent constituent of the extracellularly deposited protein products at SPs in human cerebrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University School of Basic Medical ScienceChangsha, China
| | - Zhao-Lan Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University School of Basic Medical ScienceChangsha, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Cancer Research Institute, Central South UniversityChangsha, China
| | - Chun-Sheng Ruan
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, Division of Health Sciences, University of South AustraliaAdelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Wen-Ying Qiu
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing, China
| | - Aihua Pan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University School of Basic Medical ScienceChangsha, China
| | - Chang-Qi Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University School of Basic Medical ScienceChangsha, China
| | - Yan Cai
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University School of Basic Medical ScienceChangsha, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, China
| | - Yaping Chu
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical CenterChicago, IL, United States
| | - Bei-Sha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, China
| | - Huaibin Cai
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of HealthBethesda, MD, United States
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Sansom Institute, Division of Health Sciences, University of South AustraliaAdelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Human Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Yan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Central South University School of Basic Medical ScienceChangsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangsha, China
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Goettsch C, Iwata H, Hutcheson JD, O'Donnell CJ, Chapurlat R, Cook NR, Aikawa M, Szulc P, Aikawa E. Serum Sortilin Associates With Aortic Calcification and Cardiovascular Risk in Men. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2017; 37:1005-1011. [PMID: 28279970 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.116.308932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Genome-wide association studies and preclinical studies demonstrated a role of sortilin in lipid metabolism, inflammation, and vascular calcification-all cardiovascular risk factors. We evaluated the association of serum sortilin levels with the risk of major adverse cerebrovascular and cardiovascular events (MACCE) and the severity of abdominal aortic calcification (AAC). APPROACH AND RESULTS A cohort of community-dwelling men aged ≥50 years (n=830) was assessed. At baseline, sortilin levels were measured by ELISA, and AAC was assessed on lateral spine scans obtained by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Men aged ≥60 years (n=745) were followed up prospectively for the incidence of MACCE. During the median follow-up of 7.9 years, 76 MACCE occurred. The unadjusted incidence of MACCE across increasing sortilin quartiles was 8.0, 7.4, 19.8, and 20.3 per 1000 person-years. In multivariate-adjusted analysis, sortilin associated with increased risk of MACCE (hazard ratio, 1.70 per SD; 95% confidence interval, 1.30-2.20; P<0.001). The third and fourth quartiles associated with 3.42-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.61-7.25; P<0.005) and 3.82-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.77-8.26; P<0.001) higher risk of MACCE compared with the first quartile. High sortilin also predicted MACCE independent of traditional Framingham risk factors. Higher sortilin associated with higher odds of severe AAC (score>5) after adjustment for confounders (odds ratio, 1.43 per SD; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.85; P<0.01). The highest sortilin quartile associated with 2-fold higher odds of severe AAC (versus 3 lower quartiles combined). After adjustment for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, the odds of severe AAC remained significant. CONCLUSIONS In older men, higher serum sortilin levels associated with higher MACCE risk and severe AAC independently of relevant confounders, including C-reactive protein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. This finding, however, needs to be validated in other cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Goettsch
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (C.G., H.I., J.D.H., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Boston VA Healthcare, Department of Cardiology, MA (C.J.O.); INSERM UMR 1033, University of Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Department of Rheumatology and Bone Pathology, France (R.C., P.S.); and Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (N.R.C.)
| | - Hiroshi Iwata
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (C.G., H.I., J.D.H., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Boston VA Healthcare, Department of Cardiology, MA (C.J.O.); INSERM UMR 1033, University of Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Department of Rheumatology and Bone Pathology, France (R.C., P.S.); and Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (N.R.C.)
| | - Joshua D Hutcheson
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (C.G., H.I., J.D.H., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Boston VA Healthcare, Department of Cardiology, MA (C.J.O.); INSERM UMR 1033, University of Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Department of Rheumatology and Bone Pathology, France (R.C., P.S.); and Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (N.R.C.)
| | - Christopher J O'Donnell
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (C.G., H.I., J.D.H., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Boston VA Healthcare, Department of Cardiology, MA (C.J.O.); INSERM UMR 1033, University of Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Department of Rheumatology and Bone Pathology, France (R.C., P.S.); and Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (N.R.C.)
| | - Roland Chapurlat
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (C.G., H.I., J.D.H., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Boston VA Healthcare, Department of Cardiology, MA (C.J.O.); INSERM UMR 1033, University of Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Department of Rheumatology and Bone Pathology, France (R.C., P.S.); and Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (N.R.C.)
| | - Nancy R Cook
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (C.G., H.I., J.D.H., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Boston VA Healthcare, Department of Cardiology, MA (C.J.O.); INSERM UMR 1033, University of Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Department of Rheumatology and Bone Pathology, France (R.C., P.S.); and Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (N.R.C.)
| | - Masanori Aikawa
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (C.G., H.I., J.D.H., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Boston VA Healthcare, Department of Cardiology, MA (C.J.O.); INSERM UMR 1033, University of Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Department of Rheumatology and Bone Pathology, France (R.C., P.S.); and Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (N.R.C.)
| | - Pawel Szulc
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (C.G., H.I., J.D.H., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Boston VA Healthcare, Department of Cardiology, MA (C.J.O.); INSERM UMR 1033, University of Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Department of Rheumatology and Bone Pathology, France (R.C., P.S.); and Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (N.R.C.)
| | - Elena Aikawa
- From the Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences (C.G., H.I., J.D.H., M.A., E.A.) and Center for Excellence in Vascular Biology (M.A., E.A.), Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Boston VA Healthcare, Department of Cardiology, MA (C.J.O.); INSERM UMR 1033, University of Lyon, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Department of Rheumatology and Bone Pathology, France (R.C., P.S.); and Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (N.R.C.).
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Béraud-Dufour S, Devader C, Massa F, Roulot M, Coppola T, Mazella J. Focal Adhesion Kinase-Dependent Role of the Soluble Form of Neurotensin Receptor-3/Sortilin in Colorectal Cancer Cell Dissociation. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17111860. [PMID: 27834811 PMCID: PMC5133860 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present review is to unravel the mechanisms of action of the soluble form of the neurotensin (NT) receptor-3 (NTSR3), also called Sortilin, in numerous physiopathological processes including cancer development, cardiovascular diseases and depression. Sortilin/NTSR3 is a transmembrane protein thought to exert multiple functions both intracellularly and at the level of the plasma membrane. The Sortilin/NTSR3 extracellular domain is released by shedding from all the cells expressing the protein. Although the existence of the soluble form of Sortilin/NTSR3 (sSortilin/NTSR3) has been evidenced for more than 10 years, the studies focusing on the role of this soluble protein at the mechanistic level remain rare. Numerous cancer cells, including colonic cancer cells, express the receptor family of neurotensin (NT), and particularly Sortilin/NTSR3. This review aims to summarize the functional role of sSortilin/NTSR3 characterized in the colonic cancer cell line HT29. This includes mechanisms involving signaling cascades through focal adhesion kinase (FAK), a key pathway leading to the weakening of cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix adhesions, a series of events which could be responsible for cancer metastasis. Finally, some future approaches targeting the release of sNTSR3 through the inhibition of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Béraud-Dufour
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7275, Université Côte d'Azur, 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France.
| | - Chistelle Devader
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7275, Université Côte d'Azur, 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France.
| | - Fabienne Massa
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7275, Université Côte d'Azur, 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France.
| | - Morgane Roulot
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7275, Université Côte d'Azur, 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France.
| | - Thierry Coppola
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7275, Université Côte d'Azur, 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France.
| | - Jean Mazella
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR 7275, Université Côte d'Azur, 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Valbonne, France.
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Progida C, Bakke O. Bidirectional traffic between the Golgi and the endosomes - machineries and regulation. J Cell Sci 2016; 129:3971-3982. [PMID: 27802132 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.185702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The bidirectional transport between the Golgi complex and the endocytic pathway has to be finely regulated in order to ensure the proper delivery of newly synthetized lysosomal enzymes and the return of sorting receptors from degradative compartments. The high complexity of these routes has led to experimental difficulties in properly dissecting and separating the different pathways. As a consequence, several models have been proposed during the past decades. However, recent advances in our understanding of endosomal dynamics have helped to unify these different views. We provide here an overview of the current insights into the transport routes between Golgi and endosomes in mammalian cells. The focus of the Commentary is on the key molecules involved in the trafficking pathways between these intracellular compartments, such as Rab proteins and sorting receptors, and their regulation. A proper understanding of the bidirectional traffic between the Golgi complex and the endolysosomal system is of uttermost importance, as several studies have demonstrated that mutations in the factors involved in these transport pathways result in various pathologies, in particular lysosome-associated diseases and diverse neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Progida
- Department of Biosciences, Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Oddmund Bakke
- Department of Biosciences, Centre for Immune Regulation, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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