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Tajdini M, Behnoush AH, Pashang M, Jameie M, Khalaji A, Sadeghian S, Vasheghani-Farahani A, Poorhosseini H, Masoudkabir F, Hosseini K, Davoodi S, Sahebjam M, Barkhordari K, Ashraf H, Shafiei A, Karimi A. Heart surgery over two decades: what we have learned about results and changing risks. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:195. [PMID: 38580959 PMCID: PMC10996112 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-024-03860-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Using the cardiac surgery database is of high importance in referral centers and can lead to a better quality of care for patients. Tehran Heart Center (THC) is a cardiovascular referral center that was inaugurated in 2001. In this report, we aimed to present the third report of trends in patients' cardiovascular risk factors and surgical procedures from 2002 to 2021 that have been gathered for all THC patients. METHODS This serial cross-sectional study was conducted at Tehran Heart Center from 2002 to 2021. All patients undergoing cardiac surgeries were eligible to enter the study (N = 63,974). Those with miscellaneous types of surgeries were excluded (N = 9556). The distribution of cardiac surgeries (including isolated coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), isolated valve, and CABG + valve surgeries) and their respective in-hospital mortality were recorded. Furthermore, 20-year trends in the prevalence of various cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) among the following groups were evaluated: a) isolated CABG, b) aortic valve replacement/repair for aortic stenosis (AS/AVR/r), and c) isolated other valve surgeries (IVS). RESULTS A total of 54,418 patients (male: 70.7%, age: 62.7 ± 10.8 years) comprised the final study population, with 84.5% prevalence of isolated CABG. Overall, the AS/AVR/r group was in between the CABG and IVS groups concerning CVRFs distribution. Excluding some exceptions for the AS/AVR/r group (in which the small sample size (N = 909) precluded observing a clear trend), all studied CVRFs demonstrated an overall rising trend from 2002 to 2021 in all three groups. Regarding in-hospital mortality, the highest rate was recorded as 4.0% in 2020, while the lowest rate was 2.0% in 2001. CONCLUSIONS Isolated CABG remained the most frequent procedure in THC. Notable, increasing trends in CVRFs were observed during this 20-year period and across various types of cardiac surgeries, which highlights the clinical and policy-making implications of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masih Tajdini
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Behnoush
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Pashang
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mana Jameie
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirmohammad Khalaji
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Sadeghian
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Vasheghani-Farahani
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Poorhosseini
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzad Masoudkabir
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kaveh Hosseini
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Davoodi
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sahebjam
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khosro Barkhordari
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haleh Ashraf
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akbar Shafiei
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbasali Karimi
- Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Cardiac Primary Prevention Research Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Insler JE, Tipton AE, Bakaeen FG, Bakhos JJ, Houghtaling PL, Blackstone EH, Roselli EE, Soltesz EG, Tong MZ, Unai S, McCurry K, Vargo P, Hodges K, Smedira NG, Pettersson GB, Weiss A, Koprivanac M, Elgharably H, Gillinov AM, Svensson LG. What determines outcomes in multivalve reoperations? Effect of patient and surgical complexity. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023:S0022-5223(23)01192-3. [PMID: 38081538 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Patient characteristics, risks, and outcomes associated with reoperative multivalve cardiac surgery are poorly characterized. Effect of patient variables and surgical components of each reoperation were evaluated with regard to operative mortality. METHODS From January 2008 to January 2022, 2324 patients with previous cardiac surgery underwent 2352 reoperations involving repair or replacement of multiple cardiac valves at Cleveland Clinic. Mean age was 66 ± 14 years. Number of surgical components representing surgical complexity (valve procedures, aortic surgery, coronary artery bypass grafting, and atrial fibrillation procedures) ranged from 2 to 6. Random forest for imbalanced data was used to identify risk factors for operative mortality. RESULTS Surgery was elective in 1327 (56%), urgent in 1006 (43%), and emergency in 19 (0.8%). First-time reoperations were performed in 1796 (76%) and 556 (24%) had 2 or more previous operations. Isolated multivalve operations comprised 54% (1265) of cases; 1087 incorporated additional surgical components. Two valves were operated on in 80% (1889) of cases, 3 in 20% (461), and 4 in 0.09% (2). Operative mortality was 4.2% (98 out of 2352), with 1.7% (12 out of 704) for elective, isolated multivalve reoperations. For each added surgical component, operative mortality incrementally increased, from 2.4% for 2 components (24 out of 1009) to 17% for ≥5 (5 out of 30). Predictors of operative mortality included coronary artery bypass grafting, surgical urgency, cardiac, renal dysfunction, peripheral artery disease, New York Heart Association functional class, and anemia. CONCLUSIONS Elective, isolated reoperative multivalve surgery can be performed with low mortality. Surgical complexity coupled with key physiologic factors can be used to inform surgical risk and decision making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua E Insler
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Aaron E Tipton
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Faisal G Bakaeen
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.
| | - Jules J Bakhos
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Penny L Houghtaling
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Eugene H Blackstone
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio; Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Eric E Roselli
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Edward G Soltesz
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Michael Z Tong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Shinya Unai
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kenneth McCurry
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Patrick Vargo
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Kevin Hodges
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Nicholas G Smedira
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Gösta B Pettersson
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Aaron Weiss
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Marijan Koprivanac
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Haytham Elgharably
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - A Marc Gillinov
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Lars G Svensson
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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Caplin DM, Young S, Kassin M, Dowell JD, Makary MS, Metwalli ZA, Charalel RA, Halin NJ, Kleedehn M, Lewis PB, Ward TJ, Shah RP. A History and Modern Framework for Quality Improvement in Interventional Radiology. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023; 34:2012-2019. [PMID: 37517464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2023.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Quality improvement (QI) initiatives have benefited patients as well as the broader practice of medicine. Large-scale QI has been facilitated by multi-institutional data registries, many of which were formed out of national or international medical society initiatives. With broad participation, QI registries have provided benefits that include but are not limited to establishing treatment guidelines, facilitating research related to uncommon procedures and conditions, and demonstrating the fiscal and clinical value of procedures for both medical providers and health systems. Because of the benefits offered by these databases, Society of Interventional Radiology (SIR) and SIR Foundation have committed to the development of an interventional radiology (IR) clinical data registry known as VIRTEX. A large IR database with participation from a multitude of practice environments has the potential to have a significant positive impact on the specialty through data-driven advances in patient safety and outcomes, clinical research, and reimbursement. This article reviews the current landscape of societal QI programs, presents a vision for a large-scale IR clinical data registry supported by SIR, and discusses the anticipated results that such a framework can produce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew M Caplin
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra Northwell, New Hyde Park, New York.
| | - Shamar Young
- Department of Medical Imaging, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona
| | - Michael Kassin
- National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Center for Interventional Oncology, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Mina S Makary
- Division of Vascular and Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio
| | - Zeyad A Metwalli
- Department of Interventional Radiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Resmi A Charalel
- Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, and Department of Population Health Sciences (R.A.C.), New York Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Neil J Halin
- Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin
| | - Mark Kleedehn
- National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Center for Interventional Oncology, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Paul B Lewis
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh Physicians, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Thomas J Ward
- Department of Radiology, Advent Health Medical Group/Central Florida Division, Orlando, Florida
| | - Rajesh P Shah
- Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, California; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
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Molinari Veloso da Silveira L, Costa Fuchs S, Brendel Blum G, Grabinski Bottino L, Danni Fuchs F. Association between preoperative blood pressure and outcomes in cardiac surgery: results of a prospectively planned cohort study. THE JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2023; 64:548-554. [PMID: 37255492 DOI: 10.23736/s0021-9509.23.12581-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unknown whether unwitnessed BP (UBP) measurement or ambulatory BP (ABP) monitoring improves the prediction of adverse events estimated by risk scores. We intended to study associations between preoperative BP measured through these two methods and the incidence of adverse outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. METHODS We included a cohort of 167 patients undergoing elective or urgent cardiac surgeries. Preoperative BP was measured by UBP and 24-hour ABP. Primary outcome was the combination of mortality from any cause, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, new hospital admission, and dialysis occurring within 30 days after surgery. The associations between preoperative BP and surgical outcomes were tested using the Chi-square test and Analysis of Variance. A generalized linear model with a logistic link function and a robust estimator was used to adjust for the EuroScore-II risk estimation. RESULTS The incidence of the primary outcome increased in parallel with the quartiles of the 24-hour ABP in participants submitted to CABG: 10% in the first quartile, 13% in the second, 37% in the third, and 53% in the fourth quartile (P for trend<0.01). Quartiles of overnight ABP were also significantly associated with postoperative complications in patients undergoing CABG (P=0.04). The risks in CABG patients were independent of the EuroScore-II. There was no association between BP and outcomes in patients submitted to other surgeries. CONCLUSIONS High preoperative BP measured by ABP monitoring is a risk factor for postoperative complications in patients submitted to CABG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Molinari Veloso da Silveira
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Instituto do Coração do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (InCor-HCFMUSP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandra Costa Fuchs
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Division of Cardiology, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Brendel Blum
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Flávio Danni Fuchs
- School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil -
- Division of Cardiology, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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5
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Ilonze O, Free K, Shinnerl A, Lewsey S, Breathett K. Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Disparities in Valvular Heart Failure Management. Heart Fail Clin 2023; 19:379-390. [PMID: 37230651 PMCID: PMC10614031 DOI: 10.1016/j.hfc.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Racial, ethnic, and gender disparities are present in the diagnosis and management of valvular heart disease. The prevalence of valvular heart disease varies by race, ethnicity, and gender, but diagnostic evaluations are not equitable across the groups, which makes the true prevalence less clear. The delivery of evidence-based treatments for valvular heart disease is not equitable. This article focuses on the epidemiology of valvular heart diseases associated with heart failure and the related disparities in treatment, with a focus on how to improve delivery of nonpharmacological and pharmacological treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onyedika Ilonze
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University, 1800 North Capitol Avenue, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Kendall Free
- Department of Biofunction Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 2 Chome-3-10 Kanda Surugadai, Chiyoda City, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Alexander Shinnerl
- College of Medicine, Indiana University, 340 West 10th Street, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sabra Lewsey
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street, 7th Floor, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Khadijah Breathett
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Krannert Cardiovascular Research Center, Indiana University, 1800 North Capitol Avenue, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
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Polo-Gutierrez G, Silva-Tejada HA, Martinez-Ninanqui FW, Robles-Velarde V, Ríos-Ortega J. [Analysis of cardiac surgeries and operative mortality at the National Cardiovascular Institute during 2022]. ARCHIVOS PERUANOS DE CARDIOLOGIA Y CIRUGIA CARDIOVASCULAR 2023; 4:55-61. [PMID: 37780951 PMCID: PMC10538925 DOI: 10.47487/apcyccv.v4i2.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective To describe cardiac surgeries, their approaches, and determine operative mortality according to the type of surgery and the main complications recorded within 30 days postoperatively, performed at the National Cardiovascular Institute of Peru. Materials and methods A descriptive study was conducted on all patients over 18 years of age who underwent cardiovascular surgery at the National Cardiovascular Institute "Carlos Alberto Peschiera Carrillo". Results During the year 2022, a total of 503 cardiac surgeries were performed. Of the patients undergoing surgery, 63.6% (320) were males. Isolated valvular surgery, primarily aortic or mitral valve replacement, was the most frequent surgical procedure, with 136 surgeries (27.0%). This was followed by myocardial revascularization surgery with 110 procedures (21.9%). Throughout the year, there were 23 deaths, resulting in an overall mortality rate of 4.5%. The mortality rate for elective surgeries was 2.8%, while for emergency surgeries, it was 14.3%. The most common complication was paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (14.0%), followed by surgical site infection with 52 cases (10.3%). Conclusions Valvular surgery, whether isolated or combined with other procedures, was the most frequently performed. The obtained mortality rate is considered acceptable for a reference center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerber Polo-Gutierrez
- Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular. Lima, Perú Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular Lima Perú
| | | | | | - Victor Robles-Velarde
- Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular. Lima, Perú Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular Lima Perú
| | - Josías Ríos-Ortega
- Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular. Lima, Perú Instituto Nacional Cardiovascular Lima Perú
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7
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Kim KM, Arghami A, Habib R, Daneshmand MA, Parsons N, Elhalabi Z, Krohn C, Thourani V, Bowdish ME. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database: 2022 Update on Outcomes and Research. Ann Thorac Surg 2023; 115:566-574. [PMID: 36623634 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2022.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database is the most mature and comprehensive cardiac surgery database. It is one of the most respected clinical data registries in health care, providing accurate risk-adjusted benchmarks, a foundation for quality measurement and improvement activities, and the ability to perform novel research. This report encompasses data from the years 2020 and 2021 and is the seventh in a series of reports that provide updated volumes, outcomes, database-related developments, and research summaries using the Adult Cardiac Surgery Database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen M Kim
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Arman Arghami
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Robert Habib
- The Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mani A Daneshmand
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | | | | | - Carole Krohn
- The Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Vinod Thourani
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Michael E Bowdish
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California.
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8
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Cirugía coronaria de mínima invasión: técnicas y resultados. CIRUGIA CARDIOVASCULAR 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.circv.2022.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
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9
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Muncan B, Amabile A, Kalogeropoulos AP, Geirsson A, Krane M. Midterm outcomes of mitral valve repair versus replacement in elderly patients: A propensity score-matched analysis. J Card Surg 2022; 37:4391-4396. [PMID: 36168792 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.16972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current literature reports better short-term mortality rates in mitral valve repair over replacement in elderly patients. However, valve durability, postoperative complications, and reintervention rates in these cohorts remain understudied. As such, we aimed to investigate 5-year rates of mortality and reoperation after initial mitral repair or replacement in elderly patients. METHODS Using the TriNetX Research Network database, we identified patients aged ≥70 who underwent mitral valve repair or replacement for nonrheumatic mitral insufficiency between January 2010 and December 2020. We 1:1 propensity score-matched cohorts for 33 covariates including demographics, comorbidities, and surgical history. After matching, we compared 5-year mortality and reoperation rates between cohorts using Kaplan-Meier estimates and multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS We compared 823 mitral valve repair patients to a propensity score-matched cohort of 823 mitral valve replacement patients over a 5-year follow-up period. All variables of interest were adequately matched. Cumulative 5-year mortality rate was significantly lower among mitral valve repair patients (17.0% vs. 24.9%; hazard ratio [HR]: 0.66, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 0.51-0.87, p < 0.0025). Reoperation rates at 5-year did not differ (2.6% vs. 2,1%; HR: 1.34, 95% CI: 0.67-2.68, p = 0.401). CONCLUSIONS We observed lower 5-year mortality rates and nonsignificantly different reoperation rates among elderly patients with mitral regurgitation undergoing mitral valve repair compared to replacement. Our data support the current understanding that mitral valve repair should be considered as the first treatment line whenever possible, even in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Muncan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Andrea Amabile
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Andreas P Kalogeropoulos
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Renaissance School of Medicine at Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, USA
| | - Arnar Geirsson
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Markus Krane
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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10
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AlRiyami FM, AL-Rawajfah OM, Al Sabei S, Al Sabti HA. Incidence and risk factors of surgical site infections after coronary artery bypass grafting surgery in Oman. J Infect Prev 2022; 23:285-292. [PMID: 36277861 PMCID: PMC9583440 DOI: 10.1177/17571774221127553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is limited information about the incidence and risk factors of surgical site infections (SSIs) after coronary artery bypass (CABG) surgeries in the Omani population. Aim To estimate the prevalence and describe possible risk factors of SSIs after CABG surgeries in Oman. Method A retrospective nested case-control design was used to screen 596 patients who underwent CABG surgeries over 2 years (2016-2017) in two tertiary hospitals in Oman. The CDC definition for SSIs was used to identify the infected cases. Results Prevalence rate of SSIs was 17.4% and 17.5% in 2016 and 2017, respectively. The most isolated microorganism was Gram-positive bacteria (45.2%). Risk factors of SSIs include female gender (OR = 3.2, p < 0.001), diabetes (OR = 5.83, p < 0.001), overweight or obese (OR = 2.14, p < 0.05) and shaving technique [using razor shaving] (OR = 8.4, p < 0.001). Readmission rate for the case group was 44.2%. Conclusion The infection rate of SSIs after CABG surgeries in developing countries, such as Oman, is considerably high. There is an urgent need to establish SSIs preventive program at the national level. Frequent and systematic assessment of infection control practices before and after CABG surgeries is fundamental and priority strategy to prevent SSIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma M AlRiyami
- Cardiothoracic Unit, Sultan Qaboos University
Hospital, Muscat, Oman
| | - Omar M AL-Rawajfah
- College of Nursing, Adult and
Critical Care Department, Sultan Qaboos
University, Muscat, Oman
- Faculty of Nursing, Adult
Department, Al Al-Bayt University, Jordan
| | - Sulaiman Al Sabei
- College of Nursing, Department of
Fundamental and Nursing Administration, Sultan Qaboos
University, Muscat, Oman
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Ma S, Xu Q, Hu Q, Huang L, Wu D, Lin G, Chen X, Luo W. Post-operative uric acid: a predictor for 30-days mortality of acute type A aortic dissection repair. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2022; 22:411. [PMID: 36109723 PMCID: PMC9479398 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-022-02749-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperuricemia is associated with aortic dissection and cardiovascular diseases. The implication of high serum uric acid (UA) level after acute aortic dissection repair remains unknown. The aim of this study is to explore the role of peri-operative serum UA level in predicting 30-days mortality with acute type A aortic dissection (AAAD) patients, who underwent surgery. Methods This study retrospectively enrolled 209 consecutive patients with AAAD, who underwent surgery in Xiangya Hospital from 2017 to 2020. Post-operative laboratory examinations were measured within 24 h after surgery. Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were used for predictor finding. Results 209 consecutive AAAD patients were included, 14.3% (n = 30) were dead within 30 days after surgery. By univariate analysis, we found AAAD repair patients with 30-days mortality had a higher prevalence of cerebral malperfusion, lower pre-operative fibrinogen, longer cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic crossclamp time, and higher post-operative day 1 (POD1) creatinine and urea levels. Both pre-operative (433.80 ± 152.59 vs. 373.46 ± 108.31 mmol/L, p = 0.038) and POD1 (559.78 ± 162.23 vs. 391.29 ± 145.19 mmol/L, p < 0.001) UA level were higher in mortality group than in survival group. In regression model, only cerebral malperfusion (OR, 7.938, 95% CI 1.252–50.323; p = 0.028) and POD1 UA level (OR, 2.562; 95% CI 1.635–4.014; p < 0.001) were independent predictors of 30-days mortality in AAAD repair patients. According to the ROC curve, the POD1 UA level provided positive value for 30-days mortality in AAAD repair patients with 0.799 areas under the curve. The optimum cutoff value selected by ROC curve was 500.15 mmol/L, with a sensitivity of 65% and a specificity of 86%. Conclusion Pre- and post-operative hyperuricemia are potentially associated with worsened outcomes in AAAD surgery patients. The POD1 UA level has a predictive role in 30-days mortality in AAAD repair patients.
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12
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Hébert M, Lamy A, Noiseux N, Stevens LM. Impact of early quantitative morbidity on 1-year outcomes in coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2021; 34:523-531. [PMID: 34788466 PMCID: PMC8972233 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivab316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We applied the Clavien-Dindo Complications Classification (CDCC) and the Comprehensive Complication Index (CCI) to the CORONARY trial to assess whether quantitative early morbidity affects outcomes at 1 year. METHODS All postoperative hospitalization and 30-day follow-up complications were assigned a CDCC grade. CCI were calculated for all patients (n = 4752). Kaplan-Meier analysis examined 1-year mortality and 1-year co-primary outcome (i.e. death, non-fatal stroke, non-fatal myocardial infarction, new-onset renal failure requiring dialysis or repeat coronary revascularization) by CDCC grade. Multivariable logistic regression evaluated the predictive value of CCI for both outcomes. RESULTS For off-pump and on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery, median CDCC were 1 [interquartile range: 0, 2] and 2 [1, 2] (P < 0.001), while median CCI were 8.7 [0, 22.6] and 20.9 [8.7, 29.6], respectively (P < 0.001). In on-pump, there were more grade I and grade II complications, particularly grade I and II transfusions (P < 0.001) and grade I acute kidney injury (P = 0.039), and more grade IVa respiratory failures (P = 0.047). Patients with ≥IIIa complications had greater cumulative 1-year mortality (P < 0.001). The median CCI was 8.7 [0, 22.6] in patients who survived and 22.6 [8.7, 44.3] in patients who died at 1 year (P < 0.001). The CCI remained an independent risk factor for 1-year mortality and 1-year co-primary outcome after multivariable adjustment (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS On-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery had a greater number of complications in the early postoperative period, likely driven by transfusions, respiratory outcomes and acute kidney injury. This affects 1-year outcomes. Similar analyses have not yet been used to compare both techniques and could prove useful to quantify procedural morbidity. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00463294; Unique Identifier: NCT00463294.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Hébert
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - André Lamy
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hamilton General Hospital, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nicolas Noiseux
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis-Mathieu Stevens
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l’Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Corresponding author. Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de l’Université de Montréal, 1000 Saint-Denis Street, Montreal, QC H2X 0C1, Canada. Tel: 514-890-8131; e-mail: (L.-M. Stevens)
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13
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Kyle B, Zawadka M, Shanahan H, Cooper J, Rogers A, Hamarneh A, Sivaraman V, Anwar S, Smith A. Consensus Defined Diastolic Dysfunction and Cardiac Postoperative Morbidity Score: A Prospective Observational Study. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10215198. [PMID: 34768718 PMCID: PMC8584550 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10215198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diastolic dysfunction is associated with major adverse outcomes following cardiac surgery. We hypothesized that multisystem endpoints of morbidity would be higher in patients with diastolic dysfunction. A total of 142 patients undergoing cardiac surgical procedures with cardiopulmonary bypass were included in the study. Intraoperative assessments of diastolic function according to the 2016 American Society of Echocardiography and European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging guidelines using transesophageal echocardiography were performed. Cardiac Postoperative Morbidity Score (CPOMS) on days 3, 5, 8, and 15; length of stay in ICU and hospital; duration of intubation; incidence of new atrial fibrillation; 30-day major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events were recorded. Diastolic function was determinable in 96.7% of the dataset pre and poststernotomy assessment (n = 240). Diastolic dysfunction was present in 70.9% (n = 88) of measurements before sternotomy and 75% (n = 93) after sternal closure. Diastolic dysfunction at either stage was associated with greater CPOMS on D5 (p = 0.009) and D8 (p = 0.009), with CPOMS scores 1.24 (p = 0.01) higher than in patients with normal function. Diastolic dysfunction was also associated with longer durations of intubation (p = 0.001), ICU length of stay (p = 0.019), and new postoperative atrial fibrillation (p = 0.016, OR (95% CI) = 4.50 (1.22–25.17)). We were able to apply the updated ASE/EACVI guidelines and grade diastolic dysfunction in the majority of patients. Any grade of diastolic dysfunction was associated with greater all-cause morbidity, compared with patients with normal diastolic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie Kyle
- Perioperative Medicine, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London EC1A 7BE, UK; (B.K.); (A.R.); (A.H.); (S.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Mateusz Zawadka
- Perioperative Medicine, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London EC1A 7BE, UK; (B.K.); (A.R.); (A.H.); (S.A.); (A.S.)
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK;
- 2 Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
- Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange, 00-635 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-5992-002
| | - Hilary Shanahan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Papworth Everard, Cambridge CB2 0AY, UK;
| | - Jackie Cooper
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK;
| | - Andrew Rogers
- Perioperative Medicine, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London EC1A 7BE, UK; (B.K.); (A.R.); (A.H.); (S.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Ashraf Hamarneh
- Perioperative Medicine, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London EC1A 7BE, UK; (B.K.); (A.R.); (A.H.); (S.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Vivek Sivaraman
- Perioperative Medicine, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London EC1A 7BE, UK; (B.K.); (A.R.); (A.H.); (S.A.); (A.S.)
| | - Sibtain Anwar
- Perioperative Medicine, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London EC1A 7BE, UK; (B.K.); (A.R.); (A.H.); (S.A.); (A.S.)
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK;
- Outcomes Research Consortium, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Andrew Smith
- Perioperative Medicine, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital, London EC1A 7BE, UK; (B.K.); (A.R.); (A.H.); (S.A.); (A.S.)
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14
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Tsukihara H, Motomura N, Takamoto S. Audit-Based Quality Validation of the Japan Cardiovascular Surgery Database. Circ J 2021; 85:2014-2018. [PMID: 34421106 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-21-0444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Japan Cardiovascular Surgery Database (JCVSD) is a nationwide registry of patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery in Japan. To investigate and improve data quality, we have been conducting on-site institutional audits since 2004. This study aimed to investigate the accuracy of the registered data by comparing it to site visit data.Methods and Results:The subjects of this study were the 95 facilities at which a site visit was conducted. The case registration accuracy was 98.74%. Furthermore, we confirmed high data input accuracy of >90% for almost all fields. Approximately 99% of cases had been correctly entered for diabetes, aortic stenosis, and mortality. We also discovered which fields were more likely to be incorrectly captured and the causes thereof, as well as problems regarding some definitions and the input system itself. CONCLUSIONS We were able to confirm high registration accuracy in the JCVSD. Appropriately resourced, focused site visits as part of a national audit are capable of accurate data collection on which continual nationwide quality control can be based. Continued work and development to further improve the quality of the database are mandatory to maintain a high standard of cardiovascular surgery in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Tsukihara
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The University of Tokyo.,Japan Cardiovascular Surgery Database
| | - Noboru Motomura
- Japan Cardiovascular Surgery Database.,Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Toho University Sakura Medical Center
| | - Shinichi Takamoto
- Japan Cardiovascular Surgery Database.,Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Keio University
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15
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Fu Z, Xu Q, Zhang C, Bai H, Chen X, Zhang Y, Luo W, Lin G. Admission Systolic Blood Pressure Predicts Post-Operative Delirium of Acute Aortic Dissection Patients in the Intensive Care Unit. Int J Gen Med 2021; 14:5939-5948. [PMID: 34584446 PMCID: PMC8464373 DOI: 10.2147/ijgm.s329689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Post-operative delirium (POD) is a common complication after aortic surgery with poor outcomes. Blood pressure may play a role in the occurrence of POD. The study aimed to identify whether admission systolic blood pressure (SBP) level in the intensive care unit (ICU) is correlated with POD in acute Stanford type A aortic dissection (AAAD) patients undergoing aortic surgery. Patients and Methods We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study enrolling consecutive 205 patients with acute type A aortic dissection undergoing aortic surgery. Patients were divided into 3 groups: low, normal, and high SBP level group. Outcomes of interest were POD, 30-day mortality and other complications including acute kidney injury, cardiac complications, spinal cord ischemia, stroke, and pneumonia. Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU) method was used to assess POD. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression, Cox regression, and subgroup analysis were performed to uncover the association between SBP and POD. Results The mean age of these patients was 51±16 years old. Thirty-six patients (17.6%) developed POD. Patients with high admission SBP were more likely to develop POD (P < 0.01). Univariate analysis showed that high admission SBP was associated with a higher risk of POD among AAAD patients (OR, 3.514; 95% CI, 1.478-8.537, P < 0.01). Multivariate logistic regression model confirmed that high SBP was an independent predictor of POD. Subgroup analysis indicated that patients with anemia and high admission SBP were at higher risk of POD. Conclusion High admission SBP was positively associated with the incidence of POD in AAAD patients who underwent surgical repair in ICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuli Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Chiyuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Bai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuliang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanfeng Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanjun Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Lin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
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16
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Pradegan N, D'Onofrio A, Longinotti L, Evangelista G, Mastro F, Fiocco A, Nadali M, Gerosa G. Feasibility of percutaneous coronary intervention before mitral NeoChord implantation: Single-center early results. J Card Surg 2021; 36:4205-4210. [PMID: 34462962 PMCID: PMC9291066 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.15953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM OF THE STUDY Micro-invasive cardiac surgery identifies procedures performed off-pump, on beating heart. Aim of this single-center retrospective study was to assess early outcomes of a totally micro-invasive strategy (percutaneous coronary intervention-PCI-followed by transapical off-pump NeoChord mitral repair) in patients with concomitant coronary artery disease (CAD) and degenerative mitral regurgitation (MR). METHODS We analyzed early and 1-year follow-up data of patients who underwent a NeoChord procedure between November 2013 and May 2020, and preceded by PCI. Outcomes were defined according to Mitral Valve Academic Research Consortium (MVARC) definitions. RESULTS Among 220 patients who underwent NeoChord repair in the study period, 17 (7.7%) underwent PCI previously. CAD was an accidental finding during preoperative mitral evaluation in nine patients (52.9%; Group 1; with PCI occurring 2 months before NeoChord, interquartile range [IQR] = 1.0-2.7), while it was part of the past medical history in the remaining eight patients (47.1%; Group 2; with PCI occurring 30 months before NeoChord, IQR = 24.5-64.0). Twelve patients (70.6%) presented single-vessel disease, two patients (11.8%) triple-vessel disease. No surgical revisions for bleeding were required after NeoChord. At 1-year follow-up (n = 16), all patients were alive and did not experience major adverse events except for one reoperation due to late NeoChord failure. None required additional PCI. CONCLUSION In our experience, PCI before NeoChord seems safe and effective, and performing PCI before NeoChord might not affect outcomes. A totally micro-invasive strategy in selected patients suffering from MR and CAD should be considered as a reasonable alternative to conventional surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Pradegan
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Augusto D'Onofrio
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Longinotti
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Evangelista
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Florinda Mastro
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Alessandro Fiocco
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Nadali
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Gino Gerosa
- Cardiac Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
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Sonny A, Joseph L. Improving CABG Mortality Further: Striving Toward Perfection. J Am Coll Cardiol 2021; 78:123-125. [PMID: 34238435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2021.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abraham Sonny
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
| | - Lee Joseph
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Lahey Hospital & Medical Center, Winchester, Massachusetts, USA; Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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18
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Improving outcomes after low-risk coronary artery bypass grafting: understanding phase of care mortality analysis, failure to rescue and recent perioperative recommendations. Curr Opin Cardiol 2021; 36:644-651. [PMID: 34397470 DOI: 10.1097/hco.0000000000000896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Avoidable adverse events are responsible for up to 50% of deaths after low-risk coronary artery bypass grafting. This article reviews recent quality improvement efforts to improve outcomes after cardiac surgery. RECENT FINDINGS Systematic quality improvement methodology in cardiac surgery has improved significantly over the past decade. Contemporary efforts with phase of care mortality analysis (POCMA) focus on identifying and addressing root causes for mortality. Each patient's perioperative course is an interconnected sequence of clinical events, decisions, interventions, and treatment responses occurring across five perioperative phases. A single seminal event within a specific phase of care has been found to often trigger the eventual death of a patient. Several groups have made significant improvements to perioperative outcomes by addressing these avoidable mortality trigger events. Failing that, failure to rescue (FTR) metrics can be used to identify institutional factors responsible for poor perioperative outcomes. This ongoing focus on quality improvement serves to further improve outcomes after low-risk cardiac surgery. SUMMARY Modern quality improvement methodology, including POCMA and FTR analysis, has the potential to significantly improve outcomes after cardiac surgery. Larger future studies with multiinstitutional data sharing will be key to facilitate ongoing quality improvement and knowledge translation in this field.
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19
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Brown C, Han J, Sperry AE, Chen Z, Khurshan F, McCarthy F, Bavaria JE, Groeneveld P, Desai NN. The impact of surgeon and hospital procedural volume on outcomes after aortic root replacement in the United States. J Card Surg 2021; 36:2669-2676. [PMID: 33982345 DOI: 10.1111/jocs.15620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Surgeon procedural volume for complex cardiac procedures have become important quality metrics. The objective is to determine the association of surgeon and hospital case volume on patient outcomes after an aortic root replacement for aortic root aneurysms. METHODS From 2009 to 2014, 4629 Medicare patients underwent an aortic root replacement for a root aneurysm. Procedures were performed by 1276 surgeons at 718 hospitals. Patients with endocarditis, aortic rupture, or Type-A dissection were excluded. Procedural volume was defined as mean number of cases performed each year during the study period. The impact of hospital and surgeon volume on adjusted 30-day mortality was analyzed as a continuous variable using adjusted logistic regression with cubic splines. RESULTS After an aortic root replacement, we observed a nonlinear reduction in the adjusted odds ratio for 30-day mortality as surgeon and hospital volume increased. Surgeons that performed approximately five cases/year and hospitals that completed approximately five cases/year had the greatest reduction in the odds of perioperative death. Patients treated at high-volume hospitals (≥4.5 cases/year) had a lower risk for 30-day postoperative stroke (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.51, p = .008), myocardial infarction (HR = 0.49, p = .016), hemodialysis (HR = 0.44, p = .005), and reoperation (HR = 0.48, p = .003). Additionally, patients treated with high-volume surgeons (≥9 cases/year) had lower risk for stroke (HR = 0.65, p = .005), hemodialysis (HR = 0.65, p = .03), sepsis (HR = 0.62, p = .03), and reoperation (HR = 0.67, p = .004). CONCLUSION Among Medicare patients undergoing an aortic root replacement, there is a strong inverse relationship between annualized surgeon and hospital case volume and postoperative outcomes. Procedural volume is an important quality metric for this high-risk procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chase Brown
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jason Han
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Alexandra E Sperry
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Zehang Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fabliha Khurshan
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Fenton McCarthy
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Joseph E Bavaria
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Peter Groeneveld
- Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nimesh N Desai
- Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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20
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Kimmel SD, Walley AY, Linas BP, Kalesan B, Awtry E, Dobrilovic N, White L, LaRochelle M. Effect of Publicly Reported Aortic Valve Surgery Outcomes on Valve Surgery in Injection Drug- and Non-Injection Drug-Associated Endocarditis. Clin Infect Dis 2021; 71:480-487. [PMID: 31598642 PMCID: PMC7384313 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciz834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injection drug use-associated infective endocarditis (IDU-IE) is rising and valve surgery is frequently indicated. The effect of initiating public outcomes reporting for aortic valve surgery on rates of valve surgery and in-hospital mortality for endocarditis is not known. METHODS For an interrupted time series analysis, we used data from the National Inpatient Sample, a representative sample of United States inpatient hospitalizations, from January 2010 to September 2015. We included individuals aged 18-65 with an International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) diagnosis of endocarditis. We defined IDU-IE using a validated combination of ICD-9 codes. We used segmented logistic regression to assess for changes in valve replacement and in-hospital mortality rates after the public reporting initiation in January 2013. RESULTS We identified 7322 hospitalizations for IDU-IE and 23 997 for non-IDU-IE in the sample, representing 36 452 national IDU-IE admissions and 119 316 non-IDU admissions, respectively. Following the implementation of public reporting in 2013, relative to baseline trends, the odds of valve replacement decreased by 4.0% per quarter (odds ratio [OR] 0.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.93-0.99), with no difference by IDU status. The odds of an in-patient death decreased by 2.0% per quarter for both IDU-IE and non-IDU-IE cases following reporting (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.97-0.99). CONCLUSIONS Initiating public reporting was associated with a significant decrease in valve surgery for all IE cases, regardless of IDU status, and a reduction in-hospital mortality for patients with IE. Patients with IE may have less access to surgery as a consequence of public reporting. To understand how reduced valve surgery impacts overall mortality, future studies should examine the postdischarge mortality rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeon D Kimmel
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Alexander Y Walley
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Benjamin P Linas
- Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bindu Kalesan
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Section of Preventative Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Eric Awtry
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nikola Dobrilovic
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Section of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Boston Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Laura White
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Marc LaRochelle
- Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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21
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Bowdish ME, D'Agostino RS, Thourani VH, Schwann TA, Krohn C, Desai N, Shahian DM, Fernandez FG, Badhwar V. STS Adult Cardiac Surgery Database: 2021 Update on Outcomes, Quality, and Research. Ann Thorac Surg 2021; 111:1770-1780. [PMID: 33794156 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2021.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database is the most mature and comprehensive cardiac surgery database. It has been the foundation for quality measurement and improvement activities in cardiac surgery, facilitated the generation of accurate risk adjusted performance benchmarks and serves as a platform for novel research. Recent enhancements have added to the database's functionality, ease of use, and value to multiple stakeholders. This report is the sixth in a series of annual reports that provide updated volumes, outcomes, database-related developments, quality improvement initiatives, and research summaries using the Adult Cardiac Surgery Database in the past year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Bowdish
- Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.
| | - Richard S D'Agostino
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts; Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Vinod H Thourani
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Marcus Valve Center, Piedmont Heart Institute, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Thomas A Schwann
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Massachusetts Medical School - Baystate, Springfield, Massachusetts
| | - Carole Krohn
- The Society of Thoracic Surgeons, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nimesh Desai
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David M Shahian
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery and Center for Quality and Safety, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Felix G Fernandez
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Vinay Badhwar
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
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22
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Lee S, Park J, Kilic A. Bridging Two Worlds: Application of Organizational Theory to Cardiac Surgery. Ann Thorac Surg 2021; 114:1055-1063. [PMID: 33607048 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2021.01.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review summarizes applications of organizational theory and management research to cardiac surgery as it relates to patient outcomes and the adoption of new technology. METHODS A total of 17 papers published in top organizational theory and management journals from 2000-2020 that examined the cardiac surgery care setting were included. Findings were classified according to two major outcomes of interest: patient care and new technology adoption patterns. Findings were further stratified based on whether predictors of these outcomes were individual-, team-, or organizational-level factors. RESULTS A growing number of studies in the organizational theory and management literature has been using the cardiovascular care setting as a research context. Applying the various theoretical lens of organizational theory, these studies have studied how individual-, team-, and organizational-level factors influence 1) patient care outcomes such as patient mortality rates, readmission rates, post-surgery complication rates, surgery duration, and length-of-stay and 2) the adoption of new technologies or the abandonment of old technologies. Examples of these factors include task specialization, multi-siting, attribution, team familiarity dispersion, distribution of failure, workload, responsibility complementarity, expertise, team learning processes, technology status, organizational missions, and organizational status. CONCLUSIONS Well-established and studied principles from the fields of organizational theory and management research can provide unique and valuable insights into how care processes, individual attributes, systems-related factors, and the interplay between such factors affect cardiac surgical patient outcomes and clinical care. Expanding collaboration between these fields and clinicians in cardiac surgery seems prudent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunkee Lee
- Tepper School of Business, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jisoo Park
- Tepper School of Business, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Arman Kilic
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA.
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23
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Rosson S, Monaco F, Miola A, Cascino G, Stubbs B, Correll CU, Firth J, Ermis C, Perrotti A, Marciello F, Carvalho AF, Brunoni AR, Fusar-Poli P, Fornaro M, Gentile G, Granziol U, Pigato G, Favaro A, Solmi M. Longitudinal Course of Depressive, Anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms After Heart Surgery: A Meta-Analysis of 94 Studies. Psychosom Med 2021; 83:85-93. [PMID: 33021524 DOI: 10.1097/psy.0000000000000872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the longitudinal course of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in patients with cardiac disease after heart surgery (HS). METHODS We conducted a systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis of cohort studies in patients undergoing HS, measuring anxiety, depressive, and PTSD symptoms before and at least 30 days thereafter. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses, investigation of publication bias, and quality assessment were undertaken. RESULTS We included 94 studies relating to 15,561 patients. HS included coronary artery bypass graft surgery, valve replacement, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator placement, left ventricular assist device placement, heart transplantation, and other types of HS. Across studies, symptoms of depression (g = 0.32; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.25 to 0.39; p < .001) and anxiety improved after HS (g = 0.52; 95% CI = 0.43 to 0.62; p < .001), whereas PTSD symptoms worsened (g = -0.42; 95% CI = -0.80 to -0.04; p = .032). The reduction of depression and anxiety levels was more pronounced for patients with underlying coronary artery disease and heart failure and persisted for 1 year after HS, whereas the increase in PTSD symptoms returned to baseline after 6 months. Depression improvement was inversely associated with older age, diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia and positively with baseline heart failure. No additional clinical or demographic variables were associated with the course of anxiety symptoms. Quality of included studies was low overall. Publication bias was nonsignificant. CONCLUSIONS Depressive and anxiety symptoms improve for 1 year after HS, whereas PTSD symptoms might worsen. Older patients and those with metabolic comorbidities, valve disease, or ventricular arrhythmias are at higher risk for continued depressive and anxiety symptoms and should be monitored closely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stella Rosson
- From the Neurosciences Department (Rosson, Miola, Gentile, Favaro, Solmi), University of Padua, Padua; Department of Mental Health (Monaco), Residential Eating Disorder Unit "Mariconda," ASL Salerno; Department of Medicine (Cascino, Marciello), Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana," Section of Neurosciences, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy; Physiotherapy Department (Stubbs), South London and Maudsley National Health Services Foundation Trust; Department of Psychological Medicine (Stubbs), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Psychiatry (Correll), The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks; Department of Psychiatry and Molecular Medicine (Correll), Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead; The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research (Correll), Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Manhasset, New York; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (Correll), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Division of Psychology and Mental Health, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health (Firth), University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom; NICM Health Research Institute, School of Science and Health (Firth), University of Western Sydney, Sydney; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne (Firth), Melbourne, Australia; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (Ermis), Dokuz Eylul University, İzmir, Turkey; Cardio-Thoracic Surgery Department (Perrotti), University Hospital Jean Minjoz; EA 3920, University of Franche-Comté (Perrotti), Besançon, France; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) (Carvalho); Department of Psychiatry (Carvalho), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy (Brunoni), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation, Department of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27) and National Institute of Biomarkers in Neuropsychiatry (INBioN), Institute of Psychiatry (Brunoni), University of Sao Paulo; Hospital Universitario, Departamento de Clínica Médica (Brunoni), Faculdade de Medicina da USP, São Paulo, Brazil; Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Laboratory, Department of Psychosis Studies (Fusar-Poli, Solmi), Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London; OASIS Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (Fusar-Poli), London, United Kingdom; Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences (Fusar-Poli), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; National Institute for Health Research, Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust (Fusar-Poli), London, United Kingdom; Neuroscience, Reproductive Science and Odontostolmatology, Section of Psychiatry (Fornaro), University School of Medicine Federico II, Naples; Neuroscience Centre (Favaro, Solmi) and Department of General Psychology (Granziol), University of Padua; and Psychiatry Unit (Pigato), Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy
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24
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Melvan JN, Khullar O, Vemulapalli S, Kosinski AS, Pickens A, Force SD, Zhang S, Sancheti MS. Community Size and Lung Cancer Resection Outcomes: Studying The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database. Ann Thorac Surg 2020; 112:1076-1082. [PMID: 33189672 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.08.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socioeconomic factors play key roles in surgical outcomes. Socioeconomic data within The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) General Thoracic Surgery Database (GTSD) are limited. Therefore, we utilized community size as a surrogate to understand socioeconomic differences in lung cancer resection outcomes. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed all lung cancer resections from January 2012 to January 2017 in the STS GTSD. This captured 68,722 patients from 286 centers nationwide. We then linked patient zip codes with 2013 Rural-Urban Continuum Codes to understand the association between community size and postoperative outcomes. Demographic and clinical variables were evaluated for relationships with 30-day mortality, major morbidity, and readmission. RESULTS Zip codes were included in 47.2% of patients. Zip-coded patients were older, were more comorbid, had less advanced disease, and were more commonly treated with minimally invasive approaches than were those without zip code classification. For geocoded patients, multivariable analyses demonstrated that sex, insurance payor, and hospital region were associated with all 3 major endpoints. Community size, based on Rural-Urban Continuum Codes coding, was not associated with any primary endpoint. Invasive mediastinal staging was related to morbidity, greater pathological stage predicted mortality, and worsened clinical stage was associated with readmission. More invasive surgery and greater extent of lung resection were associated with all primary endpoints. CONCLUSIONS Incomplete data capture can promote selection bias within the STS GTSD and skew outcomes reporting. Moreover, community size is an insufficient surrogate, compared with sex, insurance payor, hospital region, for understanding socioeconomic differences in lung cancer resection outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Nicholas Melvan
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Holy Cross Hospital, Fort Lauderdale, Florida; Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - Onkar Khullar
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Sreekanth Vemulapalli
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Andrzej S Kosinski
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Allan Pickens
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Seth D Force
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Shuaiqi Zhang
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Manu S Sancheti
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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25
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Did blood transfusion increase mortality in patients with diabetes undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery? A propensity score-matched analysis of 816 patients. TURK GOGUS KALP DAMAR CERRAHISI DERGISI-TURKISH JOURNAL OF THORACIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SURGERY 2020; 28:586-592. [PMID: 33403130 PMCID: PMC7759041 DOI: 10.5606/tgkdc.dergisi.2020.19814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background
The aim of this study was to compare clinical outcomes of blood transfusion in patients with diabetes mellitus undergoing isolated on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.
Methods
The medical records of a total of 1,912 patients (1,300 males, 612 females; mean age 60.7±10.0) with diabetes who underwent isolated on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting between January 1999 and June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into two groups as patients with and without blood transfusions. The mortality rates were compared between the two groups.
Results
The mortality rate was 14 times higher in the patients receiving blood transfusion (odds ratio: 14.80; 95% confidence interval 5.05 to 43.34; p<0.001). However, in the multivariate logistic regression analysis, there were no statistically significant difference in mortality between the patient groups, when diabetes mellitus was a covariate factor (Odds ratio: 8.34; 95% confidence interval 3.94 to 17.66 vs. odds ratio 8.36; 95% confidence interval 3.95 to 17.70).
Conclusion
The propensity score-matched analysis of patients with diabetes showed that clinical outcomes were more severely affected by blood transfusion.
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26
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Nam K, Jang EJ, Jo JW, Choi JW, Jo JG, Lee J, Ryu HG. Impact of Mitral Valve Repair Case Volume on Postoperative Mortality - A Nationwide Korean Cohort Study. Circ J 2020; 84:1493-1501. [PMID: 32741879 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-19-1148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although mitral valve repair is recommended over replacement due to better outcomes, repair rates vary significantly among centers. This study examined the effect of institutional mitral valve repair volume on postoperative mortality.Methods and Results:All cases of adult mitral valve repair performed in Korea between 2009 and 2016 were analyzed. The association between case volume and 1-year mortality was analyzed after categorizing centers according to the number of mitral valve repairs performed as low-, medium-, or high-volume centers (<20, 20-40, and >40 cases/year, respectively). The effect of case volume on cumulative all-cause mortality was also assessed. In all, 6,041 mitral valve repairs were performed in 86 centers. The 1-year mortality in low-, medium-, and high-volume centers was 10.1%, 8.7%, and 4.7%, respectively. Low- and medium-volume centers had increased risk of 1-year mortality compared with high-volume centers, with odds ratios of 2.80 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.15-3.64; P<0.001) and 2.66 (95% CI 1.94-3.64; P<0.001), respectively. The risk of cumulative all-cause mortality was also worse in low- and medium-volume centers, with hazard ratios of 1.96 (95% CI 1.68-2.29; P<0.001) and 1.77 (95% CI 1.47-2.12; P<0.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Lower institutional case volume was associated with higher mortality after mitral valve repair. A minimum volume standard may be required for hospitals performing mitral valve repair to guarantee adequate outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karam Nam
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine
| | - Eun Jin Jang
- Department of Information Statistics, Andong National University
| | - Jun Woo Jo
- Department of Statistics, Kyungpook National University
| | - Jae Woong Choi
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine
| | - Jun Gi Jo
- Department of Statistics, Kyungpook National University
| | - Jaehun Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine
| | - Ho Geol Ryu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine
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27
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Charbonneau H, Pasquié M, Berthoumieu P, Savy N, Autones G, Anglès O, Berthelot AL, Croute-Bayle M, Decramer I, Duterque D, Gabiache Y, Julien V, Mallet L, M'rini M, Quedreux JF, Richard B, Sidobre L, Taillefer L, Soula P, Garcia O, Abouliatim I, Vahdat O, Bousquet M, Ferradou JM, Jansou Y, Brunel P, Breil C, Mayeur N. Patient blood management in elective bypass cardiac surgery: A 2-step single-centre interventional trial to analyse the impact of an educational programme and erythropoiesis stimulation on red blood cell transfusion. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2020; 19:100617. [PMID: 32695923 PMCID: PMC7365967 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2020.100617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaemia and iron deficiency are frequent in patients scheduled for cardiac surgery. Perioperative patient blood management (PBM) is widely recommended in current practice guidelines. The aim of this protocol is to analyse the effect of a global perioperative PBM programme on the red blood cell (RBC) transfusion ratio, morbidities and rehabilitation score in elective cardiac surgery. This study is a prospective, single-centre trial with a 2-step protocol, A and B, as follows: A: non-drug intervention: the caregiver is given a blood management educational programme; B: drug intervention: systematic correction of perioperative iron, vitamin deficiencies, and anaemia. This study was designed to enrol 900 patients (500 in group A and 400 in group B) in a rolling period starting at anaesthesia consultation and ending 3 months after surgery. The primary objective was a 20% reduction in RBC transfusion after implementation of PBM programmes (protocol A + B) when compared to our previous transfusion ratio in the first half of 2018 (30.4% vs 38%). The secondary objectives were to evaluate the impact for each step of the study on the RBC transfusion rate, morbidity and the quality of postoperative rehabilitation. The strength of this study is its evaluation of the effect of a global PBM programme on RBC transfusion in cardiac surgery through a 2-step protocol. We aim to assess for the first time the impact of non-drug and drug interventions on RBC transfusion, comorbidities and delayed rehabilitation parameters. Trials registrations ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04040023: registered 29 July 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Charbonneau
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Marie Pasquié
- Clinical Research Associate, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076, Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Pierre Berthoumieu
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076, Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Nicolas Savy
- Toulouse Institute of Mathematics, UMR5219 - University of Toulouse, CNRS - UPS IMT, F-31062, Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Gérard Autones
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Olivier Anglès
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Anne Laure Berthelot
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Madeleine Croute-Bayle
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Isabelle Decramer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - David Duterque
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Yannick Gabiache
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Valérie Julien
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Laurent Mallet
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Mimoun M'rini
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Jean François Quedreux
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Benoit Richard
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Laurent Sidobre
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Laurence Taillefer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Philippe Soula
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076, Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Olivier Garcia
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076, Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Issam Abouliatim
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076, Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Olivier Vahdat
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076, Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Marc Bousquet
- Department of Cardio-vascular Rehabilitation, Clinique Saint Orens ELSAN, 12 Avenue de Revel, 31650, Saint-Orens-de-Gameville, France
| | - Jean Marc Ferradou
- Department of Cardio-vascular Rehabilitation "Midi-Gascogne" Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, 1487 Avenue du Languedoc, 82500, Beaumont-de-Lomagne, France
| | - Yves Jansou
- Department of Cardio-vascular Rehabilitation, Cinique du Sud ELSAN, ZAC Route de Montredon, Chemin de la Madeleine, 11000, Carcassonne, France
| | - Pierre Brunel
- Perfusionist Group, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076, Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Claude Breil
- Perfusionist Group, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076, Toulouse Cedex 03, France
| | - Nicolas Mayeur
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, Clinique Pasteur, 45 avenue de Lombez BP27617, 31076 Toulouse Cedex 03, France
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Skaria R, Parvaneh S, Zhou S, Kim J, Wanjiru S, Devers G, Konhilas J, Khalpey Z. Path to precision: prevention of post-operative atrial fibrillation. J Thorac Dis 2020; 12:2735-2746. [PMID: 32642182 PMCID: PMC7330352 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-19-3875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Development of post-operative atrial fibrillation (POAF) following open-heart surgery is a significant clinical and economic burden. Despite advancements in medical therapies, the incidence of POAF remains elevated at 25-40%. Early work focused on detecting arrhythmias from electrocardiograms as well as identifying pre-operative risk factors from medical records. However, further progress has been stagnant, and a deeper understanding of pathogenesis and significant influences is warranted. With the advent of more complex machine learning (ML) algorithms and high-throughput sequencing, we have an unprecedented ability to capture and predict POAF in real-time. Integration of multimodal heterogeneous data and application of ML can generate a paradigm shift for diagnosis and treatment. This will require a concerted effort to consolidate and streamline real-time data. Herein, we will review the current literature and emerging opportunities aimed at predictive targets and new insights into the mechanisms underlying long-term sequelae of POAF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinku Skaria
- University of Arizona, College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | - Sophia Zhou
- Philips Research North America, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - James Kim
- University of Arizona, College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | | | - John Konhilas
- University of Arizona, College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
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29
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Gerosa G, Besola L, Beiras-Fernandez A, Salizzoni S, Vairo A, D'Aleo S, von Bardeleben RS, De Paulis R, Yadav R, Duncan A, Albertini A, Rinaldi M, Colli A. The Neochord Procedure After Failed Surgical Mitral Valve Repair. Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 33:35-44. [PMID: 32621965 DOI: 10.1053/j.semtcvs.2020.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Surgical mitral valve reintervention is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and repeat repair is not always feasible. We examine the clinical outcomes of the NeoChord procedure after failed conventional mitral valve repair. A total of 312 patients were treated with the NeoChord repair procedure between January 2014 and December 2018 at 5 European centers. Clinical and echocardiographic data were reviewed to identify patients who had a prior surgical mitral valve repair procedure. The primary endpoint (Patient Success) was a composite of placement of at least 2 neochordae and end-procedure mitral valve regurgitation (MR) ≤ mild, freedom from death, stroke, structural or functional procedure failure (MR > moderate), procedure or device-related unplanned procedures, cardiac-related rehospitalization, or worsening NYHA functional class at 1 and 2-year FU. Fifteen (15) patients were identified who required reoperation for failed surgical mitral valve repair. Mean time-to-reoperation was 2.7 years (2.2-6.1). Median intensive care unit stay was 24 hours and median hospitalization time was 7 days (6-8). No in-hospital deaths were observed. At discharge, mitral regurgitation was ≤ mild in 13 patients (86.7%). Patient success and freedom from more than mild MR were 92.3 ± 7.4% and 83.9 ± 10.4% at 1 and 2-year follow-up respectively. One high-risk patient presented with severe recurrent MR and died during surgical reintervention due to an acute aortic dissection. Selected patients can be successfully treated with the NeoChord procedure after failed surgical mitral valve repair. These results support a wider adoption of the NeoChord procedure as a first-line minimally invasive, alternative therapy to treat failed mitral valve repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gino Gerosa
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Laura Besola
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Salus Hospital GVM Care and Research, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Andres Beiras-Fernandez
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefano Salizzoni
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Vairo
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Rashmi Yadav
- Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Royal Brompton and Harefield National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alison Duncan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Royal Brompton and Harefield National Health Service Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Albertini
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Maria Cecilia Hospital GVM care & research, Cotignola (RA) Italy
| | - Mauro Rinaldi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Andrea Colli
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
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Bilkhu R, Borger MA, Briffa NP, Jahangiri M. Sutureless aortic valve prostheses. Heart 2020; 105:s16-s20. [PMID: 30846520 DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2018-313513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional surgical aortic valve replacement (AVR) is the 'gold standard' for treatment of severe or symptomatic aortic valve stenosis. The increasing age of patients and increasing comorbidities has led to the development of procedures to minimise operative time and reduce risks of surgery. One method of reducing operative times is the use of sutureless aortic valves (SU-AVR). We examine the current literature surrounding the use of SU-AVR. Alternatives to AVR are SU-AVR, sometimes referred to as rapid deployment valves, or transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI). TAVI has been demonstrated to be superior over medical therapy in patients deemed inoperable and non-inferior in high and intermediate-risk patients compared with surgical AVR. However, the lack of excision of the calcified aortic valve and annulus raises concerns regarding long-term durability and possibly thromboembolic complications. TAVI patients have increased rates of paravalvular leaks, major vascular complications and pacemaker implantation when compared with conventional AVR. SU-AVR minimises the need for suturing, leading to reduced operative times, while enabling complete removal of the calcified valve. The increase in use of SU-AVR has been mostly driven by minimally invasive surgery. Other indications include patients with a small and/or calcified aortic root, as well as patients requiring AVR and concomitant surgery. SU-AVR is associated with decreased operative times and possibly improved haemodynamics when compared with conventional AVR. However, this has to be weighed against the increased risk of paravalvular leak and pacemaker implantation when deciding which prosthesis to use for AVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajdeep Bilkhu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St George's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Michael A Borger
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Leipzig Heart Center, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Norman Paul Briffa
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK
| | - Marjan Jahangiri
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, St George's Hospital, London, UK
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The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database: 2020 Update on Outcomes and Research. Ann Thorac Surg 2020; 109:1646-1655. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2020.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Craig P, Rogers T, Zou Q, Torguson R, Okubagzi PG, Ehsan A, Goncalves J, Hahn C, Bilfinger T, Buchanan S, Garrett R, Thourani VH, Corso P, Shults C, Waksman R. Impact of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement on Risk Profiles of Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement Patients. CARDIOVASCULAR REVASCULARIZATION MEDICINE 2020; 21:959-963. [PMID: 32387217 DOI: 10.1016/j.carrev.2020.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The advent of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has changed which patients undergo surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR). We sought to understand the impact of TAVR on the characteristics of SAVR patients in the United States. METHODS A cohort of 2959 patients who underwent isolated SAVR at 11 US hospitals that perform both TAVR and SAVR from 2013 through 2017 were grouped by the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Adult Cardiac Surgery Database version (v)2.73 (2011-2014), v2.81 (2014-2017), and v2.9 (2017) to assess temporal trends in patient characteristics. RESULTS Over time, SAVR patients were younger with fewer preoperative comorbidities. There was a significant decrease in median STS predicted risk of mortality (PROM) score (2.0 vs. 1.8 vs. 1.3, p < 0.001, in v2.73 vs. v2.81 vs. v2.9). Specifically, there were fewer high-risk (STS PROM > 8%: 4.3% vs. 4.7% vs. 1.2%, p = 0.03) and intermediate-risk (STS PROM 4% to 8%: 16.3% vs. 11.7% vs. 4.3%, p < 0.001) patients. The proportion of patients with bicuspid aortic valve disease increased significantly (11.2% vs. 26.9% vs. 36.6%, p < 0.001). There were no differences in operative mortality (1.9% vs. 2.1% vs. 1.4%, p = 0.75). CONCLUSIONS The introduction of TAVR has already impacted the demographics, clinical characteristics and risk profiles of patients undergoing SAVR in the US. Now that TAVR is approved for low-risk patients, SAVR is likely to be reserved for younger patients who are willing to receive a mechanical valve and for patients with aortopathy, coronary artery disease, or concomitant mitral or tricuspid pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paige Craig
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Toby Rogers
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, United States of America; Cardiovascular Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States of America
| | - Quan Zou
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Torguson
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Petros G Okubagzi
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Afshin Ehsan
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI, United States of America
| | - John Goncalves
- Cardiac Surgery Program, The Valley Hospital, Ridgewood, NJ, United States of America
| | - Chiwon Hahn
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Henrico Doctors' Hospital, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Thomas Bilfinger
- Department of Surgery, Stony Brook Hospital, Stony Brook, NY, United States of America
| | - Scott Buchanan
- Cardiovascular Service Line, Maine Medical Center, Portland, ME, United States of America
| | - Robert Garrett
- St. John Clinic Cardiovascular Surgery, St. John Heart Institute Cardiovascular Consultants, St. John Health System, Tulsa, OK, United States of America
| | - Vinod H Thourani
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Paul Corso
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Christian Shults
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, United States of America
| | - Ron Waksman
- Section of Interventional Cardiology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, United States of America.
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Hamandi M, Ryan WH, Grayburn PA, Huff E, Mallari L, Mack MJ. Misclassification of Mitral Valve Disease and Rate of Surgical Repair in The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Database. Ann Thorac Surg 2020; 110:517-522. [PMID: 31962113 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2019.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical repair of primary mitral regurgitation (MR) is considered an indicator of quality performance. Therefore, accurate data reporting is critical for quality assessment. During an institutional quality review, MR etiology could not be determined in 40% of operations in The Society of Thoracic Surgeons database entries, and therefore our true repair rate could not be reliably ascertained. Therefore, we reviewed all source documents and echocardiograms to assess our true disease etiology and repair rate. METHODS Source records and echocardiograms of all operations performed in a single health care system for a 1-year period were reviewed by an experienced mitral valve surgeon, an echocardiographic core laboratory, and a data manager. Disease etiology and operation were compared with data previously entered in the database by post hoc chart abstraction. RESULTS In all, 314 isolated mitral valve operations were performed. The MR was originally classified as primary, 163 (52%); secondary, 22 (7%); rheumatic, 37 (12%); endocarditis, 24 (8%); other, 33 (10%); and unknown, 35 (11%). Reported repair rate for primary MR was 142 of 163 (87.1%). After review, etiology was determined to be primary, 177 (56%); secondary, 33 (11%); rheumatic, 61 (20%); endocarditis, 25 (8%); and others, 18 (5%)-resulting in a change of classification in 99 of 314 patients (31.5%) and a true repair rate for primary MR of 165 of 177 (93.2%). CONCLUSIONS Source document and imaging review of mitral valve surgery revealed significant discordance with post hoc chart abstraction methods. A more detailed data entry methodology is necessary to accurately report the true disease etiology and repair rates for primary MR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanad Hamandi
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital-Plano, Plano, Texas.
| | - William H Ryan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital-Plano, Plano, Texas
| | - Paul A Grayburn
- Department of Cardiology, Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital-Plano, Plano, Texas
| | - Eleanor Huff
- Cardiovascular Quality Management, Baylor Scott & White Health, Dallas, Texas
| | - Laila Mallari
- Department of Cardiology, Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital-Plano, Plano, Texas
| | - Michael J Mack
- Department of Cardiovascular Research, Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital-Plano, Plano, Texas; Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Baylor Scott & White The Heart Hospital-Plano, Plano, Texas
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Preoperative β-blocker use correlates with worse outcomes in patients undergoing aortic valve replacement. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 158:1589-1597.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.12.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Malaisrie SC, McCarthy PM, Kruse J, Matsouaka RA, Churyla A, Grau-Sepulveda MV, Friedman DJ, Brennan JM. Ablation of atrial fibrillation during coronary artery bypass grafting: Late outcomes in a Medicare population. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 161:1251-1261.e1. [PMID: 31952824 PMCID: PMC10108849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2019.10.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study compares outcomes of patients with preoperative atrial fibrillation undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with or without concomitant atrial fibrillation ablation in a nationally representative Medicare cohort. OBJECTIVES This study examined early and late outcomes in CABG patients with a preoperative history of atrial fibrillation to determine the correlation between surgical atrial fibrillation ablation to mortality and stroke or systemic embolization. METHODS In the Medicare-linked Society of Thoracic Surgeons database, 361,138 patients underwent isolated CABG from 2006 to 2013; 34,600 (9.6%) had preoperative atrial fibrillation; 10,541 (30.5%) were treated with surgical ablation (ablation group), and 23,059 were not (no ablation group). Propensity score matching was performed using a hierarchical mixed model. Long-term survival was summarized using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models with robust variance estimation. The stroke or systemic embolization incidence was modeled using the Fine-Gray model. Median follow-up was 4 years. RESULTS Long-term mortality in propensity score-matched CABG patients (mean age 74 years; Society of Thoracic Surgeons risk score, 2.25) receiving ablation versus no ablation was similar (log-rank P = .30). Stroke or systemic embolization occurred in 2.2% versus 2.1% at 30 days and 9.9% versus 12.0% at 5 years (Gray P = .0091). Landmark analysis from 2 to 5 years showed lower mortality (hazard ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval 0.82-0.97; P = .0358) and lower risk of stroke or systemic embolization (hazard ratio, 0.73; 95% confidence interval, 0.61-0.87; P = .0006) in the ablation group. CONCLUSIONS Concomitant ablation in CABG patients with preoperative atrial fibrillation is associated with lower stroke or systemic embolization and mortality in patients who survive more than 2 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Chris Malaisrie
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill.
| | - Patrick M McCarthy
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill
| | - Jane Kruse
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill
| | - Roland A Matsouaka
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - Andrei Churyla
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Bluhm Cardiovascular Institute, Northwestern University, Northwestern Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill
| | | | - Daniel J Friedman
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC
| | - J Matthew Brennan
- Duke Clinical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC
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Raphael J, Mazer CD, Subramani S, Schroeder A, Abdalla M, Ferreira R, Roman PE, Patel N, Welsby I, Greilich PE, Harvey R, Ranucci M, Heller LB, Boer C, Wilkey A, Hill SE, Nuttall GA, Palvadi RR, Patel PA, Wilkey B, Gaitan B, Hill SS, Kwak J, Klick J, Bollen BA, Shore-Lesserson L, Abernathy J, Schwann N, Lau WT. Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists Clinical Practice Improvement Advisory for Management of Perioperative Bleeding and Hemostasis in Cardiac Surgery Patients. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2019; 33:2887-2899. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Raphael J, Mazer CD, Subramani S, Schroeder A, Abdalla M, Ferreira R, Roman PE, Patel N, Welsby I, Greilich PE, Harvey R, Ranucci M, Heller LB, Boer C, Wilkey A, Hill SE, Nuttall GA, Palvadi RR, Patel PA, Wilkey B, Gaitan B, Hill SS, Kwak J, Klick J, Bollen BA, Shore-Lesserson L, Abernathy J, Schwann N, Lau WT. Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists Clinical Practice Improvement Advisory for Management of Perioperative Bleeding and Hemostasis in Cardiac Surgery Patients. Anesth Analg 2019; 129:1209-1221. [PMID: 31613811 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000004355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Bleeding after cardiac surgery is a common and serious complication leading to transfusion of multiple blood products and resulting in increased morbidity and mortality. Despite the publication of numerous guidelines and consensus statements for patient blood management in cardiac surgery, research has revealed that adherence to these guidelines is poor, and as a result, a significant variability in patient transfusion practices among practitioners still remains. In addition, although utilization of point-of-care (POC) coagulation monitors and the use of novel therapeutic strategies for perioperative hemostasis, such as the use of coagulation factor concentrates, have increased significantly over the last decade, they are still not widely available in every institution. Therefore, despite continuous efforts, blood transfusion in cardiac surgery has only modestly declined over the last decade, remaining at ≥50% in high-risk patients. Given these limitations, and in response to new regulatory and legislature requirements, the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists (SCA) has formed the Blood Conservation in Cardiac Surgery Working Group to organize, summarize, and disseminate the available best-practice knowledge in patient blood management in cardiac surgery. The current publication includes the summary statements and algorithms designed by the working group, after collection and review of the existing guidelines, consensus statements, and recommendations for patient blood management practices in cardiac surgery patients. The overall goal is creating a dynamic resource of easily accessible educational material that will help to increase and improve compliance with the existing evidence-based best practices of patient blood management by cardiac surgery care teams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Raphael
- From the University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia
| | - C David Mazer
- St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Renata Ferreira
- University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington
| | | | - Nichlesh Patel
- University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Ian Welsby
- Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina
| | | | - Reed Harvey
- UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
| | - Marco Ranucci
- IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Christa Boer
- VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Andrew Wilkey
- Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | | | | | | | - Prakash A Patel
- University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | - Jenny Kwak
- Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois
| | - John Klick
- Case Western University Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Linda Shore-Lesserson
- Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Northshore University Hospital, Manhasset, New York
| | | | - Nanette Schwann
- Lehigh Valley Health Network, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida
- AAA Anesthesia Associates, PhyMed Healthcare Group, Allentown, Pennsylvania
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Fernandez FG, Shahian DM, Kormos R, Jacobs JP, D'Agostino RS, Mayer JE, Kozower BD, Higgins RSD, Badhwar V. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons National Database 2019 Annual Report. Ann Thorac Surg 2019; 108:1625-1632. [PMID: 31654621 DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2019.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) National Database was established in 1989 as an initiative for quality improvement and patient safety for cardiothoracic surgery. The STS National Database has 4 components, each focusing on a distinct discipline-Adult Cardiac Surgery, General Thoracic Surgery, Congenital Heart Surgery, and mechanical circulatory support with the STS Interagency Registry for Mechanical Circulatory Support (Intermacs)/Pediatric Interagency Registry for Mechanical Circulatory Support (Pedimacs) Database. In December 2015, The Annals of Thoracic Surgery began publishing a monthly series of scholarly articles on outcomes analysis, quality improvement, and patient safety. This article provides the fourth annual summary of the status of the STS National Database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix G Fernandez
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - David M Shahian
- Division of Cardiac Surgery and Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Robert Kormos
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Richard S D'Agostino
- Lahey Hospital and Medical Center, Burlington, Massachusetts and Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - John E Mayer
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Benjamin D Kozower
- Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Washington University in St Louis School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri
| | - Robert S D Higgins
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Vinay Badhwar
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
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Farjah F, Kaji AH, Chu D. Practical Guide to Surgical Data Sets: Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) National Database. JAMA Surg 2019; 153:955-956. [PMID: 29617534 DOI: 10.1001/jamasurg.2018.0545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farhood Farjah
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Amy H Kaji
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Harbor-University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center, Torrance, California.,StatisticalEditor
| | - Danny Chu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Politi MT, Ventre J, Fernández JM, Ghigo A, Gaudric J, Armentano R, Capurro C, Lagrée PY. Effects of Cross-Clamping on Vascular Mechanics: Comparing Waveform Analysis With a Numerical Model. J Surg Res 2019; 244:587-598. [PMID: 31521941 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immediate changes in vascular mechanics during aortic cross-clamping remain widely unknown. By using a numerical model of the arterial network, vascular compliance and resistance can be estimated and the time constant of pressure waves can be calculated and compared with results from the classic arterial waveform analysis. METHODS Experimental data were registered from continuous invasive radial artery pressure measurements from 11 patients undergoing vascular surgery. A stable set of beats were chosen immediately before and after each clamping event. Through the arterial waveform analysis, the time constant was calculated for each individual beat and for a mean beat of each condition as to compare with numerical simulations. Overall proportional changes in resistance and compliance during clamping and unclamping were calculated using the numerical model. RESULTS Arterial waveform analysis of individual beats indicated a significant 10% median reduction in the time constant after clamping, and a significant 17% median increase in the time constant after unclamping. There was a positive correlation between waveform analysis and numerical values of the time constant, which was moderate (ρ = 0.51; P = 0.01486) during clamping and strong (ρ = 0.77; P ≤ 0.0001) during unclamping. After clamping, there was a significant 16% increase in the mean resistance and a significant 23% decrease in the mean compliance. After unclamping, there was a significant 19% decrease in the mean resistance and a significant 56% increase in the mean compliance. CONCLUSIONS There are significant hemodynamic changes in vascular compliance and resistance during aortic clamping and unclamping. Numerical computer models can add information on the mechanisms of injury due to aortic clamping.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Teresa Politi
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Laboratorio de Biomembranas, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Jeanne Ventre
- Sorbonne Université, Institut Jean Le Rond d'Alembert, CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Juan Manuel Fernández
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Laboratorio de Biomembranas, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Arthur Ghigo
- Université de Toulouse, Institut de Mécanique des Fluides de Toulouse (IMFT). CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Julien Gaudric
- Sorbonne Université, Institut Jean Le Rond d'Alembert, CNRS, Paris, France; Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Chirurgie Vasculaire, Paris, France
| | - Ricardo Armentano
- Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ingeniería, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Claudia Capurro
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Laboratorio de Biomembranas, Buenos Aires, Argentina; CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Fisiología y Biofísica Bernardo Houssay, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pierre-Yves Lagrée
- Departamento de Ciencias Fisiológicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Medicina, Laboratorio de Biomembranas, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Sorbonne Université, Institut Jean Le Rond d'Alembert, CNRS, Paris, France
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Yanagawa B, An KR, Ouzounian M, Gaudino M, Puskas JD, Asaoka N, Verma S, Friedrich JO. Management of Less-Than-Severe Aortic Stenosis During Coronary Bypass: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INNOVATIONS-TECHNOLOGY AND TECHNIQUES IN CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR SURGERY 2019; 14:291-298. [PMID: 31185776 DOI: 10.1177/1556984519849639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The management of concomitant mild-to-moderate aortic stenosis (AS) at the time of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) is controversial. Here we perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of CABG and aortic valve replacement (AVR) versus CABG alone in patients with mild-moderate AS. METHODS We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE databases until July 2018 for studies comparing CABG & AVR versus CABG in patients with mild-moderate AS undergoing coronary bypass. Data were extracted by 2 independent investigators. The main outcomes were operative mortality, long-term survival, and reintervention for AS. RESULTS There were 6 unmatched retrospective observational studies with 1,172 patients (median follow-up 4.7 [interquartile range: 4.3 to 5.3] years). Patients undergoing CABG & AVR had less severe coronary artery disease. There were no differences in operative mortality (relative risk [RR]: 1.07; 95% CI, 0.59 to 1.94; P = 0.8). CABG & AVR was associated with greater incidence of stroke, bleeding, renal failure, and mediastinitis. At median follow-up of 5 years, there was no difference in long-term mortality (incidence rate ratio [IRR]:1.44; 95% CI, 0.83 to 2.51; P = 0.19), but CABG & AVR was associated with 73% lower risk of reoperation for AS (n = 13/485 versus n = 71/702; IRR: 0.27; 95% CI, 0.14 to 0.51; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS In patients undergoing CABG with mild-moderate AS, combining AVR with CABG was associated with no difference in operative mortality but with increased risk of stroke, bleeding, renal failure, and mediastinitis. Long-term mortality was not different, but a risk of reoperation for AS at 5 years was 73% lower. Given the increasingly wide availability and safety of transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), one may consider a conservative approach toward concomitant mild-moderate AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bobby Yanagawa
- 1 Divisions of Cardiac Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kevin R An
- 1 Divisions of Cardiac Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Maral Ouzounian
- 2 Division of Cardiac Surgery, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mario Gaudino
- 3 Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - John D Puskas
- 4 Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Mount Sinai Heart at Mount Sinai Saint Luke's, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nozomi Asaoka
- 1 Divisions of Cardiac Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Subodh Verma
- 1 Divisions of Cardiac Surgery, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jan O Friedrich
- 5 Divisions of Critical Care, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Tagliari AP, da-Silveira LMV, de-Souza AC, Gib MC, de-Freitas TM, Martins CB, Wender OCB, Cavazzola LT. Design and implementation of a fully electronic surgery database based on Google tools: an initial experience in cardiovascular surgery. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 46:e2123. [PMID: 31141031 DOI: 10.1590/0100-6991e-20192123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to describe, in a practical and step-by-step manner, the construction of a fully electronic platform for data collection, storage, and analysis, initially proposed for cardiovascular surgery, with interfaces that are reproducible and applicable to other surgical specialties, as well as to present the initial work experience with this instrument in cardiac surgery and the preliminary results obtained after its implementation in a Brazilian tertiary university hospital. METHODS the platform was developed based on Google tools, which are free, easy to use, and widely accessible. From the beginning of this initiative, in May 2015, to the preliminary analysis, in February 2017, data from 271 consecutive patients submitted to cardiovascular surgery were prospectively recorded and preliminarily analyzed. RESULTS the initiative was implemented with full success, with 100% of patients included and without loss of any variable, in a database composed of more than 500 variables. The most frequent immediate postoperative complications were: atrial fibrillation (22.5%), bronchopneumonia (10.7%), delirium (10.3%), acute renal failure (10%), stroke (5%), and death (7%). Comparing mortality rates in the first and second years of the initiative, a reduction from 10.8% to 4% (p=0.042), respectively, was evidenced. CONCLUSION the new proposal of data collection and storage presented in this work was fully feasible and effective. It may be useful to other surgical specialties that wish to develop methods to evaluate success and postoperative complication rates, as well as quality improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Tagliari
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Serviço de Cirurgia Cardiovascular, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.,Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | | | | | - Marcelo Curcio Gib
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Serviço de Cirurgia Cardiovascular, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Cristiano Blaya Martins
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Serviço de Cirurgia Cardiovascular, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | | | - Leandro Totti Cavazzola
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Faculdade de Medicina, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.,Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Serviço de Cirurgia Geral, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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Blood Transfusion: Cost, Quality, and Other Considerations for the Surgical Management of the Critically Ill. Crit Care Nurs Q 2019; 42:173-176. [PMID: 30807341 DOI: 10.1097/cnq.0000000000000250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
This article explores the average overall costs of blood transfusion for critically ill surgical patients and in particular explores the evidence supporting reduction of transfusion as part of guideline-based care in cardiothoracic surgical patients. Average cost data compiled from various sources are presented and quality and outcome considerations in blood transfusion in the critically ill are reviewed. Multiple strategies that have a high level of evidence to support their use in this population are noted.
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Bilkhu R, Jahangiri M, Otto CM. Patient-prosthesis mismatch following aortic valve replacement. Heart 2019; 105:s28-s33. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2018-313515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Patient-prosthesis mismatch (PPM) occurs when an implanted prosthetic valve is too small for the patient; severe PPM is defined as an indexed effective orifice area (iEOA) <0.65 cm2/m2 following aortic valve replacement (AVR). This review examines articles from the past 10 years addressing the prevalence, outcomes and options for prevention and treatment of PPM after AVR. Prevalence of PPM ranges from 8% to almost 80% in individual studies. PPM is thought to have an impact on mortality, mainly in patients with severe PPM, although severe PPM accounts for only 10–15% of cases. Outcomes of patients with moderate PPM are not significantly different to those without PPM. PPM is associated with higher rates of perioperative stroke and renal failure and lack of left ventricular mass regression. Predictors include female sex, older age, hypertension, diabetes, renal failure and higher surgical risk score. PPM may be a marker of comorbidity rather than a risk factor for adverse outcomes. PPM should be suspected in patients with persistent cardiac symptoms after AVR when there is high prosthetic valve velocity or gradient and a small calculated effective orifice area. After exclusion of other causes of increased transvalvular gradient, re-intervention may be considered if symptoms persist and are unresponsive to medical therapy. However, this decision needs to consider the available options to relieve PPM and whether expected benefits justify the risk of intervention. The only effective intervention is redo surgery with implantation of a larger valve and/or annular enlargement. Therefore, focus needs to be on prevention.
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Lotz-Esquivel S, Matarrita-Quesada B, Monge-Bonilla C, Kuhn-Delgadillo K. Cirugía cardiaca en Costa Rica: caracterización de los pacientes en el Hospital San Juan de Dios del 2010 al 2015. CIRUGIA CARDIOVASCULAR 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.circv.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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46
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Vasoactive-inotropic score and the prediction of morbidity and mortality after cardiac surgery. Br J Anaesth 2019; 122:428-436. [PMID: 30857599 DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vasoactive-inotropic score (VIS) predicts mortality and morbidity after paediatric cardiac surgery. Here we examined whether VIS also predicted outcome in adults after cardiac surgery, and compared predictive capability between VIS and three widely used scoring systems. METHODS This single-centre retrospective cohort study included 3213 cardiac surgery patients. Maximal VIS (VISmax) was calculated using the highest doses of vasoactive and inotropic medications administered during the first 24 h post-surgery. We established five VISmax categories: 0-5, >5-15, >15-30, >30-45, and >45 points. The predictive accuracy of VISmax was evaluated for a composite outcome, which included 30-day mortality, mediastinitis, stroke, acute kidney injury, and myocardial infarction. RESULTS VISmax showed good prediction accuracy for the composite outcome [area under the curve (AUC), 0.72; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.69-0.75]. The incidence of the composite outcome was 9.6% overall and 43% in the highest VISmax group (>45). VISmax predicted 30-day mortality (AUC, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.69-0.83) and 1-yr mortality (AUC, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.65-0.74). Prediction accuracy for unfavourable outcome was significantly better with VISmax than with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (P=0.01) and Simplified Acute Physiological Score II (P=0.048), but not with the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score (P=0.32). CONCLUSIONS In adults after cardiac surgery, VISmax predicted a composite of unfavourable outcomes and predicted mortality up to 1 yr after surgery.
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McCarthy FH, Zhang L, Tam V, Chen J, Brown C, Patrick WL, Clark Hargrove W, Szeto WY, Desai ND, Wiebe DJ, Groeneveld PW, Williams ML. Geographically Derived Socioeconomic Factors to Improve Risk Prediction in Patients Having Aortic Valve Replacement. Am J Cardiol 2019; 123:116-122. [PMID: 30390990 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2018.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Socioeconomic status (SES) has been associated with adverse outcomes after cardiac surgery, but is not included in commonly applied risk adjustment models. This study evaluates whether inclusion of SES improves aortic valve replacement (AVR) risk prediction models, as this is the most common elective operation performed at our institution during the study period. All patients who underwent AVR at a single institution from 2005 to 2015 were evaluated. SES measures included unemployment, poverty, household income, home value, educational attainment, housing density, and a validated SES index score. The risk scores for mortality, complications, and increased length of stay were generated using models published by the Society for Thoracic Surgeons. Univariate models were fitted for each SES covariate and multivariable models for mortality, any complication, and prolonged length of stay (PLOS). A total of 1,386 patients underwent AVR with a 2.7% mortality, 15.1% complication rate, and 9.7% PLOS. In univariate models, higher education was associated with decreased mortality (odds ratio [OR] 0.96, p = 0.04) and complications (OR 0.97, p <0.01). Poverty was associated with increased length of stay (OR 1.02, p = 0.02). In the multivariable models, the inclusion of SES covariates increased the area under the curve for mortality (0.735 to 0.750, p = 0.14), for any complications (0.663 to 0.680, p <0.01), and for PLOS (0.749 to 0.751, p = 0.12). The inclusion of census-tract-level socioeconomic factors into the the Society of Thoracic Surgeons risk predication models is new and shows potential to improve risk prediction for outcomes after cardiac surgery. With the possibility of reimbursement and institutional ranking based on these outcomes, this study represents an improvement in risk prediction model.
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D’Agostino RS, Jacobs JP, Badhwar V, Fernandez FG, Paone G, Wormuth DW, Shahian DM. The Society of Thoracic Surgeons Adult Cardiac Surgery Database: 2019 Update on Outcomes and Quality. Ann Thorac Surg 2019; 107:24-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Kheiri B, Abdalla A, Osman M, Haykal T, Chintalapati S, Cranford J, Sotzen J, Gwinn M, Ahmed S, Hassan M, Bachuwa G, Bhatt DL. Restrictive versus liberal red blood cell transfusion for cardiac surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2018; 47:179-185. [DOI: 10.1007/s11239-018-1784-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Hobbs RD, Paone G, D'Agostino RS, Jacobs JP, McDonald DE, Prager RL, Shahian DM. Myocardial revascularization: the evolution of the STS database and quality measurement for improvement. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018; 34:222-229. [PMID: 33060942 DOI: 10.1007/s12055-018-0726-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) is a not-for-profit organization dedicated to helping clinicians and researchers provide optimal outcomes for patients undergoing heart, lung, and esophageal surgery. The organization was founded in 1964 and has grown to now include over 7300 members in over 90 countries. The STS created a national database that collects detailed clinical information on patients undergoing adult cardiac, pediatric and congenital cardiac, and general thoracic operations. The data collected are used to produce risk-adjusted, nationally benchmarked performance assessments and feedback; facilitate voluntary public reporting; support quality initiatives; develop evidence-based guidelines; monitor long-term clinical outcomes; track device performance; and promote high-quality research collaboratives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gaetano Paone
- Division of Cardiac Surgery, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI USA
| | | | - Jeffrey Phillip Jacobs
- The Congenital Heart Institute of Florida (CHIF), All Children's Hospital, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Saint Petersburg, FL USA
- The Congenital Heart Institute of Florida (CHIF), All Children's Hospital, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL USA
| | | | | | - David Michael Shahian
- Center for Quality and Safety and Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA USA
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