1
|
Zheng S, Wang WX. Physiological and immune profiling of tilapia Oreochromis niloticus gills by high-throughput single-cell transcriptome sequencing. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 141:109070. [PMID: 37709178 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.109070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
The physiological and immune functions of fish gills are largely recognized, but their following functional heterogeneity at the single cell scale has been rarely reported. Here, we performed single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on the gills of tilapia fish Oreochromis niloticus. We identified a total of 12 cell populations and analyzed their functional heterogeneity. To investigate the physiological function of O. niloticus gills, expression patterns of genes encoding ion transporters were selected from the identified H+-ATPase-rich cells (HR cells), Na+/K+-ATPase-rich cells (NaR cells), and pavement cells. Specific enrichment of ca4a, slc9a1a, and LOC100692482 in the HR cells of O. niloticus gills explained their functions in acid-base regulation. Genes encoding Ca2+ transporters, including atp2b1, LOC100696627, and LOC 100706765, were specifically expressed in the NaR cells. Pavement cells were presumably the main sites responsible for ammonia and urea transports in O. niloticus gills with specific enrichment of Rhbg and LOC100693008, respectively. The expression patterns of the four immune cell subtypes varied greatly, with B cells being enriched with the most immune-related GO terms. KEGG enrichment analysis showed that MAPK signaling pathway was the most enriched pathway among the four types of immune cells in O. niloticus gills. Our results are important in understanding the physiological and immune responses of fish gills at the cellular resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siwen Zheng
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China
| | - Wen-Xiong Wang
- School of Energy and Environment and State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for the Oceans and Human Health, City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
He Q, Ding H. Bioinformatics analysis of rheumatoid arthritis tissues identifies genes and potential drugs that are expressed specifically. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4508. [PMID: 36934132 PMCID: PMC10024744 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31438-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies have implicated necroptosis mechanisms in orthopaedic-related diseases, since necroptosis is a unique regulatory cell death pattern. However, the role of Necroptosis-related genes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has not been well described. We downloaded RA-related data information and Necroptosis-related genes from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Kyoto Gene and Genome Encyclopedia (KEGG) database, and Genome Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), respectively. We identified 113 genes associated with RA-related necroptosis, which was closely associated with the cytokine-mediated signaling pathway, necroptosis and programmed necrosis. Subsequently, FAS, MAPK8 and TNFSF10 were identified as key genes among 48 Necroptosis-associated differential genes by three machine learning algorithms (LASSO, RF and SVM-RFE), and the key genes had good diagnostic power in distinguishing RA patients from healthy controls. According to functional enrichment analysis, these genes may regulate multiple pathways, such as B-cell receptor signaling, T-cell receptor signaling pathways, chemokine signaling pathways and cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions, and play corresponding roles in RA. Furthermore, we predicted 48 targeted drugs against key genes and 31 chemical structural formulae based on targeted drug prediction. Moreover, key genes were associated with complex regulatory relationships in the ceRNA network. According to CIBERSORT analysis, FAS, MAPK8 and TNFSF10 may be associated with changes in the immune microenvironment of RA patients. Our study developed a diagnostic validity and provided insight to the mechanisms of RA. Further studies will be required to test its diagnostic value for RA before it can be implemented in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qingshan He
- Nanyang Medical College, Henan, 473000, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Garrity C, Arzi B, Haus B, Lee CA, Vapniarsky N. A Fresh Glimpse into Cartilage Immune Privilege. Cartilage 2022; 13:119-132. [PMID: 36250484 PMCID: PMC9924976 DOI: 10.1177/19476035221126349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of degenerative cartilage disorders in young patients is a growing public concern worldwide. Cartilage's poor innate regenerative capacity has inspired the exploration and development of cartilage replacement treatments such as tissue-engineered cartilages and osteochondral implants as potential solutions to cartilage loss. The clinical application of tissue-engineered implants is hindered by the lack of long-term follow-up demonstrating efficacy, biocompatibility, and bio-integration. The historically reported immunological privilege of cartilage tissue was based on histomorphological observations pointing out the lack of vascularity and the presence of a tight extracellular matrix. However, clinical studies in humans and animals do not unequivocally support the immune-privilege theory. More in-depth studies on cartilage immunology are needed to make clinical advances such as tissue engineering more applicable. This review analyzes the literature that supports and opposes the concept that cartilage is an immune-privileged tissue and provides insight into mechanisms conferring various degrees of immune privilege to other, more in-depth studied tissues such as testis, eyes, brain, and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carissa Garrity
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology
and Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Boaz Arzi
- Department of Surgical and Radiological
Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA,
USA
| | - Brian Haus
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Cassandra A. Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery,
University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Natalia Vapniarsky
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology
and Immunology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA,Natalia Vapniarsky, Department of
Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, Davis, One
Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616-5270, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dolzani P, Manferdini C, Meliconi R, Lisignoli G, Pulsatelli L. Preliminary study on immune cells in the synovium of end-stage osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis patients: neutrophils and IgG4-secreting plasma cells as differential diagnosis candidates. Acta Histochem 2022; 124:151909. [PMID: 35679805 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2022.151909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Immune cell evaluation could be useful for clarifying etiopathogenesis, providing a support for formulating the diagnoses of clinically similar joint pathologies or guiding indications for possible therapeutic targets. To contribute to differential diagnosis in joint pathologies we performed an immunophenotypical profile analyzing different immune cells in synovial tissues from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS The Krenn and immunologic synovitis (IMSYC) scores, which include the evaluation of T lymphocytes (CD3 positive), B lymphocytes (CD20), endothelial cells (CD31), macrophages (CD68) and proliferating cells (Ki-67 positive) were used to analyze the synovial tissue samples. Moreover, to corroborate immune activation, neutrophils (CD15 positive), NK cells (CD56 positive), plasma cells (CD138 positive), IgG4 and IgG4 secreting-CD138 cells were analyzed using immunohistochemical techniques. RESULTS We confirmed that all the samples had a high synovitis score according to both the Krenn and IMSYC scores. In both the RA and OA groups, we found similar scores for CD3 (T lymphocytes), CD20 (B lymphocytes), CD31 (endothelial cells), CD56 (NK cells), CD68 (macrophages) CD138 (plasma cells) and IgG4. In contrast, CD15 (neutrophils) was significantly higher in RA compared to OA. Interestingly, IgG4 secreting-CD138 cells were significantly higher in RA than OA, even if CD138 had the same score in both the RA and OA samples. CONCLUSIONS This study found that the scores for different immune cells were similar in both RA and OA synovial tissue with a high synovitis score. CD15 and IgG4 secreting-CD138 were the only immune cells with a higher score in RA compared to OA, suggesting a potential use for discriminating among pathologies with a high synovitis score.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Dolzani
- SC Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna 40136, Italy.
| | - Cristina Manferdini
- SC Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna 40136, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Meliconi
- SSD Medicina e Reumatologia, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, via Pupilli 1, Bologna 40136, Italy; Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Neuromotorie, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Gina Lisignoli
- SC Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna 40136, Italy.
| | - Lia Pulsatelli
- SC Laboratorio di Immunoreumatologia e Rigenerazione Tissutale, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, Bologna 40136, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gulino GR, Van Mechelen M, Lories R. Cellular and molecular diversity in spondyloarthritis. Semin Immunol 2021; 58:101521. [PMID: 34763975 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2021.101521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The spondyloarthritides are a cluster of inflammatory rheumatic diseases characterized by different diagnostic entities with heterogeneous phenotypes. The current classification system groups spondyloarthritis patients in two main categories, axial and peripheral spondyloarthritis, providing a framework wherein the clinical picture guides the treatment. However, the heterogeneity of the clinical manifestations of the pathologies, even when residing in the same group, highlights the importance of analyzing the smallest features of each entity to understand how different cellular subsets evolve, what the underlying mechanisms are and what biological markers can be identified and validated to evaluate the stage of disease and the corresponding efficacy of treatments. In this review, we will focus mostly on axial spondyloarthritis, report current knowledge concerning the cellular populations involved in its pathophysiology, and their molecular diversity. We will discuss the implications of such a diversity, and their meaning in terms of patients' stratification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G R Gulino
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - M Van Mechelen
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, KU Leuven, Belgium; Division of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium
| | - R Lories
- Department of Development and Regeneration, Skeletal Biology and Engineering Research Center, Laboratory of Tissue Homeostasis and Disease, KU Leuven, Belgium; Division of Rheumatology, University Hospitals Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang CM, Tan KP, Jan Wu YJ, Lin JC, Zheng JW, Yu AL, Wu JM, Chen JY. MICA*019 Allele and Soluble MICA as Biomarkers for Ankylosing Spondylitis in Taiwanese. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11060564. [PMID: 34208618 PMCID: PMC8235541 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11060564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
MICA (major histocompatibility complex class I chain-related gene A) interacts with NKG2D on immune cells to regulate host immune responses. We aimed to determine whether MICA alleles are associated with AS susceptibility in Taiwanese. MICA alleles were determined through haplotype analyses of major MICA coding SNP (cSNP) data from 895 AS patients and 896 normal healthy controls in Taiwan. The distributions of MICA alleles were compared between AS patients and normal healthy controls and among AS patients, stratified by clinical characteristics. ELISA was used to determine soluble MICA (sMICA) levels in serum of AS patients and healthy controls. Stable cell lines expressing four major MICA alleles (MICA*002, MICA*008, MICA*010 and MICA*019) in Taiwanese were used for biological analyses. We found that MICA*019 is the only major MICA allele significantly associated with AS susceptibility (PFDR = 2.25 × 10−115; OR, 14.90; 95% CI, 11.83–18.77) in Taiwanese. In addition, the MICA*019 allele is associated with syndesmophyte formation (PFDR = 0.0017; OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.29–2.22) and HLA-B27 positivity (PFDR = 1.45 × 10−33; OR, 28.79; 95% CI, 16.83–49.26) in AS patients. Serum sMICA levels were significantly increased in AS patients as compared to healthy controls. Additionally, MICA*019 homozygous subjects produced the highest levels of sMICA, compared to donors with other genotypes. Furthermore, in vitro experiments revealed that cells expressing MICA*019 produced the highest level of sMICA, as compared to other major MICA alleles. In summary, the MICA*019 allele, producing the highest levels of sMICA, is a significant risk factor for AS and syndesmophyte formation in Taiwanese. Our data indicate that a high level of sMICA is a biomarker for AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Man Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan;
| | - Keng-Poo Tan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (K.-P.T.); (Y-.J.J.W.); (J.-C.L.); (J.-W.Z.)
| | - Yeong-Jian Jan Wu
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (K.-P.T.); (Y-.J.J.W.); (J.-C.L.); (J.-W.Z.)
| | - Jing-Chi Lin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (K.-P.T.); (Y-.J.J.W.); (J.-C.L.); (J.-W.Z.)
| | - Jian-Wen Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (K.-P.T.); (Y-.J.J.W.); (J.-C.L.); (J.-W.Z.)
| | - Alice L. Yu
- Institute of Stem Cell and Translational Cancer Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan 33375, Taiwan;
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92103, USA
| | - Jian-Ming Wu
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55108, USA;
| | - Ji-Yih Chen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 33302, Taiwan; (K.-P.T.); (Y-.J.J.W.); (J.-C.L.); (J.-W.Z.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-3-328-1200 (ext. 2410); Fax: 886-3-3288-287
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kucuksezer UC, Aktas Cetin E, Esen F, Tahrali I, Akdeniz N, Gelmez MY, Deniz G. The Role of Natural Killer Cells in Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2021; 12:622306. [PMID: 33717125 PMCID: PMC7947192 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.622306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells, the large granular lymphocytes differentiated from the common lymphoid progenitors, were discovered in early 1970's. They are members of innate immunity and were initially defined by their strong cytotoxicity against virus-infected cells and by their important effector functions in anti-tumoral immune responses. Nowadays, NK cells are classified among the recently discovered innate lymphoid cell subsets and have capacity to influence both innate and adaptive immune responses. Therefore, they can be considered as innate immune cells that stands between the innate and adaptive arms of immunity. NK cells don't express T or B cell receptors and are recognized by absence of CD3. There are two major subgroups of NK cells according to their differential expression of CD16 and CD56. While CD16+CD56dim subset is best-known by their cytotoxic functions, CD16-CD56bright NK cell subset produces a bunch of cytokines comparable to CD4+ T helper cell subsets. Another subset of NK cells with production of interleukin (IL)-10 was named as NK regulatory cells, which has suppressive properties and could take part in immune-regulatory responses. Activation of NK cells is determined by a delicate balance of cell-surface receptors that have either activating or inhibitory properties. On the other hand, a variety of cytokines including IL-2, IL-12, IL-15, and IL-18 influence NK cell activity. NK-derived cytokines and their cytotoxic functions through induction of apoptosis take part in regulation of the immune responses and could contribute to the pathogenesis of many immune mediated diseases including ankylosing spondylitis, Behçet's disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, systemic lupus erythematosus and type-1 diabetes. Dysregulation of NK cells in autoimmune disorders may occur through multiple mechanisms. Thanks to the rapid developments in biotechnology, progressive research in immunology enables better characterization of cells and their delicate roles in the complex network of immunity. As NK cells stand in between innate and adaptive arms of immunity and "bridge" them, their contribution in inflammation and immune regulation deserves intense investigations. Better understanding of NK-cell biology and their contribution in both exacerbation and regulation of inflammatory disorders is a requisite for possible utilization of these multi-faceted cells in novel therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umut Can Kucuksezer
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esin Aktas Cetin
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fehim Esen
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty, Istanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Tahrali
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nilgun Akdeniz
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Metin Yusuf Gelmez
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gunnur Deniz
- Department of Immunology, Aziz Sancar Institute of Experimental Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Alam MJ, Xie L, Ang C, Fahimi F, Willingham SB, Kueh AJ, Herold MJ, Mackay CR, Robert R. Therapeutic blockade of CXCR2 rapidly clears inflammation in arthritis and atopic dermatitis models: demonstration with surrogate and humanized antibodies. MAbs 2020; 12:1856460. [PMID: 33347356 PMCID: PMC7757791 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2020.1856460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant effector cells of the innate immune system and represent the first line of defense against infection. However, in many common pathologies, including autoimmune diseases, excessive recruitment and activation of neutrophils can drive a chronic inflammatory response leading to unwanted tissue destruction. Several strategies have been investigated to tackle pathologic neutrophil biology, and thus provide a novel therapy for chronic inflammatory diseases. The chemokine receptor CXCR2 plays a crucial role in regulating neutrophil homeostasis and is a promising pharmaceutical target. In this study, we report the discovery and validation of a humanized anti-human CXCR2 monoclonal antibody. To enable in vivo studies, we developed a surrogate anti-mouse CXCR2 antibody, as well as a human knock-in CXCR2 mouse. When administered in models of atopic dermatitis (AD) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), the antibodies rapidly clear inflammation. Our findings support further developments of anti-CXCR2 mAb approaches not only for RA and AD, but also for other neutrophil-mediated inflammatory conditions where neutrophils are pathogenic and medical needs are unmet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Jahangir Alam
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Liang Xie
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Caroline Ang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Farnaz Fahimi
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Andrew J Kueh
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research , Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne , Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Marco J Herold
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research , Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne , Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Charles R Mackay
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Remy Robert
- Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University , Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Qiao J, Zhou M, Li Z, Ren J, Gao G, Zhen J, Cao G, Ding L. Elevated serum granzyme B levels are associated with disease activity and joint damage in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. J Int Med Res 2020; 48:300060520962954. [PMID: 33143503 PMCID: PMC7780569 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520962954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Little is known about the roles of granzyme B in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We aimed to evaluate the serum level of granzyme B in patients with RA and determine relationships with clinical features and joint destruction of RA. METHODS We enrolled 100 patients with RA, 50 patients with osteoarthritis (OA), and 50 healthy controls (HC). Granzyme B serum concentrations were measured by ELISA; we then analyzed associations between granzyme B levels, clinical features, and joint destruction by calculating Sharp scores and disease activity as measured by Disease Activity Score-28 based on erythrocyte sedimentation rate (DAS28-ESR) in patients with RA. RESULTS Compared with HC and patients with OA, serum granzyme B levels in patients with RA were remarkably elevated. Serum granzyme B levels did not differ between patients with OA and HC. Granzyme B levels correlated with ESR, rheumatoid factor, swollen joint counts, joint erosion scores, total Sharp scores, and DAS28-ESR. Moreover, patients with RA with high disease activity had higher granzyme B levels. CONCLUSIONS Serum granzyme B levels were elevated significantly in patients with RA and correlated positively with disease activity and joint destruction. Serum granzyme B may have potential applications in laboratory evaluation of patients with RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Qiao
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Fourth Medical College of Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guanghan Gao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jumei Zhen
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guanglei Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lixiang Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Elemam NM, Hachim MY, Hannawi S, Maghazachi AA. Differentially Expressed Genes of Natural Killer Cells Can Distinguish Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients from Healthy Controls. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11050492. [PMID: 32365786 PMCID: PMC7290970 DOI: 10.3390/genes11050492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most prevalent autoimmune diseases, while its molecular triggers are not fully understood. A few studies have shown that natural killer (NK) cells may play either a pathogenic or a protective role in RA. In this study, we sought to explore NK cell markers that could be plausibly used in evaluating the differences among healthy controls and RA patients. Publicly available transcriptome datasets from RA patients and healthy volunteers were analyzed, in order to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between 1. different immune cells as compared to NK cells, and 2. NK cells of RA patients and healthy controls. The identified DEGs were validated using 16 healthy controls and 17 RA patients. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were separated by Ficoll density gradient method, while NK cells were isolated using RosetteSep technique. RNA was extracted and gene expression was assessed using RT-qPCR. All selected genes were differentially expressed in NK cells compared to PBMCs. CD56, CXCL16, PECAM-1, ITGB7, BTK, TLR10, and IL-1β were significantly upregulated, while CCL2, CCR4, RELA and IBTK were downregulated in the NK cells of RA patients when compared to healthy controls. Therefore, these NK specific genes might be used as promising biomarkers for RA diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noha Mousaad Elemam
- College of Medicine and Sharjah, Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (M.Y.H.); (A.A.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mahmood Yaseen Hachim
- College of Medicine and Sharjah, Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (M.Y.H.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Suad Hannawi
- Department of Rheumatology, Ministry of Health and Prevention, Dubai 1853, UAE;
| | - Azzam A. Maghazachi
- College of Medicine and Sharjah, Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, UAE; (M.Y.H.); (A.A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Enciso-Vargas M, Alvarado-Ruíz L, Suárez-Villanueva AS, Macías-Barragán J, Montoya-Buelna M, Oceguera-Contreras E, Alvarado-Navarro A, Graciano-Machuca O. Association Study between Psoriatic Arthritis and Killer Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor ( KIR) Genes: A Meta-Analysis. Immunol Invest 2020; 50:152-163. [PMID: 31957514 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2020.1713145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) is a seronegative spondyloarthropathy frequently associated with psoriasis. Studies have shown different members of the KIR (Killer Immunoglobulin-like Receptor) gene family may act as potential susceptibility factors; however, data have been inconsistent or with a reduced sample size. Therefore, the objective of this investigation was to determine associations between KIR genes and PsA susceptibility a meta-analysis approach. Methods: We performed a systemic search on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify association studies linking KIR genes with PsA susceptibility. The search cut-off was May 2019. Odds Ratio (OR), 95% Confidence Intervals (95% CI), and forest plots were obtained for each KIR gene. Publication bias was evaluated by Begg and Egger linear regression tests. Results: Five articles were included in this meta-analysis. The KIR2DL2, 2DS1, 2DS2, and 2DS3 genes were positively associated with susceptibility to PsA (OR = 1.269, p = .003; OR = 1.392, p < .001; OR = 1.279, p = .002; and OR = 1.230, p = .038, respectively). In Caucasians, positive association with susceptibility to PsA were maintained by KIR2DL2, 2DS1, and 2DS2 genes (OR = 1.257, p = .005; OR = 1.535, p = .003; and OR = 1.267, p = .004, respectively). Conclusion: These associations suggest that KIR2DL2, 2DS1, 2DS2, and 2DS3 genes are susceptibility factors for PsA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moisés Enciso-Vargas
- Departamento de Ciencias Médicas y de la Vida, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara (UDG) , Ocotlán, México
| | - Liliana Alvarado-Ruíz
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Zapopan, Universidad del Valle de México , Zapopan, México
| | - Alexis Sayuri Suárez-Villanueva
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Campus Zapopan, Universidad del Valle de México , Zapopan, México.,Laboratorio de Inmunobiología, Departamento de Biología Celular y Molecular, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, UDG , Zapopan, México
| | - José Macías-Barragán
- Laboratorio de Sistemas Biológicos, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Valles (CUValles), UDG , Ameca, México
| | - Margarita Montoya-Buelna
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), UDG , Guadalajara, México
| | - Edén Oceguera-Contreras
- Laboratorio de Sistemas Biológicos, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Valles (CUValles), UDG , Ameca, México
| | - Anabell Alvarado-Navarro
- Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología, Departamento de Fisiología, CUCS, UDG , Guadalajara, México
| | - Omar Graciano-Machuca
- Laboratorio de Sistemas Biológicos, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Valles (CUValles), UDG , Ameca, México
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Spiering R, Jansen MAA, Wood MJ, Fath AA, Eltherington O, Anderson AE, Pratt AG, van Eden W, Isaacs JD, Broere F, Hilkens CMU. Targeting of tolerogenic dendritic cells to heat-shock proteins in inflammatory arthritis. J Transl Med 2019; 17:375. [PMID: 31727095 PMCID: PMC6857208 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-019-2128-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Autologous tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDC) are a promising therapeutic strategy for inflammatory arthritis (IA) as they can regulate autoantigen-specific T cell responses. Here, we investigated two outstanding priorities for clinical development: (i) the suitability of using heat-shock proteins (HSP), abundant in inflamed synovia, as surrogate autoantigens to be presented by tolDC and (ii) identification of functional biomarkers that confirm tolDC regulatory activity. Methods Cell proliferation dye-labelled human peripheral blood mononuclear cells of IA (rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA)) patients or healthy donors were cultured with HSP40-, HSP60- and HSP70-derived peptides or recall antigens (e.g. tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD)) in the presence or absence of tolDC or control DC for 9 days. Functional characteristics of proliferated antigen-specific T-cells were measured using flow cytometry, gene expression profiling and cytokine secretion immunoassays. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni correction for comparisons between multiple groups and paired Student t test for comparisons between two groups were used to determine significance. Results All groups showed robust CD4+ T-cell responses towards one or more HSP-derived peptide(s) as assessed by a stimulation index > 2 (healthy donors: 78%, RA: 73%, PsA: 90%) and production of the cytokines IFNγ, IL-17A and GM-CSF. Addition of tolDC but not control DC induced a type 1 regulatory (Tr1) phenotype in the antigen-specific CD4+ T-cell population, as identified by high expression of LAG3, CD49b and secretion of IL-10. Furthermore, tolDC inhibited bystander natural killer (NK) cell activation in a TGFβ dependent manner. Conclusions HSP-specific CD4+ T-cells are detectable in the majority of RA and PsA patients and can be converted into Tr1 cells by tolDC. HSP-loaded tolDC may therefore be suitable for directing T regulatory responses to antigens in inflamed synovia of IA patients. Tr1 markers LAG3, CD49b and IL-10 are suitable biomarkers for future tolDC clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Spiering
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis, (Formerly: Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE)), Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,NIHR-Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre in Ageing and Long-Term Conditions, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Manon A A Jansen
- Division of Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Matthew J Wood
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis, (Formerly: Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE)), Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,NIHR-Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre in Ageing and Long-Term Conditions, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Anshorulloh A Fath
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis, (Formerly: Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE)), Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,NIHR-Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre in Ageing and Long-Term Conditions, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Oliver Eltherington
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis, (Formerly: Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE)), Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,NIHR-Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre in Ageing and Long-Term Conditions, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Amy E Anderson
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis, (Formerly: Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE)), Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,NIHR-Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre in Ageing and Long-Term Conditions, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Arthur G Pratt
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis, (Formerly: Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE)), Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,NIHR-Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre in Ageing and Long-Term Conditions, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Willem van Eden
- Division of Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - John D Isaacs
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis, (Formerly: Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE)), Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.,NIHR-Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre in Ageing and Long-Term Conditions, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Femke Broere
- Division of Immunology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Catharien M U Hilkens
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. .,Research into Inflammatory Arthritis Centre Versus Arthritis, (Formerly: Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE)), Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. .,NIHR-Newcastle Biomedical Research Centre in Ageing and Long-Term Conditions, Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Pabón-Porras MA, Molina-Ríos S, Flórez-Suárez JB, Coral-Alvarado PX, Méndez-Patarroyo P, Quintana-López G. Rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus: Pathophysiological mechanisms related to innate immune system. SAGE Open Med 2019; 7:2050312119876146. [PMID: 35154753 PMCID: PMC8826259 DOI: 10.1177/2050312119876146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus are two highly prevalent autoimmune diseases that generate disability and low quality of life. The innate immune system, a long-forgotten issue in autoimmune diseases, is becoming increasingly important and represents a new focus for the treatment of these entities. This review highlights the role that innate immune system plays in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. The role of the innate immune system in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus pathophysiology is not only important in early stages but is essential to maintain the immune response and to allow disease progression. In rheumatoid arthritis, genetic and environmental factors are involved in the initial stimulation of the innate immune response in which macrophages are the main participants, as well as fibroblast-like synoviocytes. In systemic lupus erythematosus, all the cells contribute to the inflammatory response, but the complement system is the major effector of the inflammatory process. Detecting alterations in the normal function of these cells, besides its contribution to the understanding of the pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases, could help to establish new treatment strategies for these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jorge Bruce Flórez-Suárez
- Reumavance Group, Rheumatology Section, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá University Hospital, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Paola Ximena Coral-Alvarado
- Reumavance Group, Rheumatology Section, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá University Hospital, Bogotá, Colombia.,School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Paul Méndez-Patarroyo
- Reumavance Group, Rheumatology Section, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá University Hospital, Bogotá, Colombia.,School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Gerardo Quintana-López
- School of Medicine, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.,Reumavance Group, Rheumatology Section, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá University Hospital, Bogotá, Colombia.,School of Medicine, Universidad de Los Andes, Bogotá, Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yang M, Zhou Y, Liu L, Wang S, Jiang J, Shang Q, Yu H, Xiang X, Pang X, Li T, Zhao P. Decreased A20 expression on circulating CD56 bright NK cells contributes to a worse disease status in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Clin Exp Immunol 2019; 198:1-10. [PMID: 31206174 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
A20, a pivotal anti-inflammatory protein, preserves immune homeostasis and regulates prolonged inflammation. A previous study has shown that A20 expression levels are down-regulated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). However, the precise role of A20 in reducing autoimmune disorders needs to be further elucidated. In this study, A20 expression was found to be preferentially reduced on circulating CD56bright natural killer (NK) cells in patients with AS, and its level was negatively correlated with that of proinflammatory cytokines. Further investigation demonstrated that A20 reduces interferon (IFN)-γ and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α production in CD56bright NK cells after stimulation with monokines or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)/ionomycin(P/I). Furthermore, CD56bright NK cells isolated from AS patients promote TNF-α secretion by autologous monocytes, and increasing the A20 expression level partially attenuates this process. More importantly, decreased A20 expression on circulating CD56bright NK cells is associated with worse disease status in patients with AS. Our findings reveal that A20 participates in the pathogenesis of AS by negatively regulating CD56bright NK cells and that its reduced expression contributes to a worsened disease status in patients with AS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Yang
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Y Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - L Liu
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - S Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - J Jiang
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Q Shang
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - H Yu
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - X Xiang
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - X Pang
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| | - T Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - P Zhao
- Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Zibo, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chimenti MS, Caso F, Alivernini S, De Martino E, Costa L, Tolusso B, Triggianese P, Conigliaro P, Gremese E, Scarpa R, Perricone R. Amplifying the concept of psoriatic arthritis: The role of autoimmunity in systemic psoriatic disease. Autoimmun Rev 2019; 18:565-575. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
16
|
Toubi E, Vadasz Z. Innate immune-responses and their role in driving autoimmunity. Autoimmun Rev 2019; 18:306-311. [PMID: 30639645 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases were always considered to be driven mainly by adaptive immune responses, namely by auto-reactive B and T cell over-activity. The continuous stimulation of dendritic cells by autoantigens increases B cell activity, driving auto-reactive B cells to increase the production of autoantibodies and of pro-inflammatory cytokines. On the other hand, a subset of dendritic cells is established being of tolerogenic properties thus becoming important in maintaining self-tolerance. However, early innate immune responses are continuously appreciated to be highly important in the development of immune-mediated inflammation in general and autoimmunity in particular. The innate immune system is a complex network of structured cells/proteins such as antigen presenting cells (macrophages and dendritic cells), the complement cascade, and many receptors/cytokines/proteins. Of these, one may mention the high expression of toll-like receptors 7 and 9 in antigen presenting cells, and B cells of systemic lupus erythematosus patients contributing to the expansion of auto-reactive B cells. C-reactive protein (CRP) and C1q are crucially important for efficient uptake of apoptotic cells. However, CRP is appreciated to have a role in maintaining anti-inflammatory responses and in altering autoimmunity. Natural killer cells (NK) are responsible for cytotoxicity responses but some of them (mainly CD56high), are important in maintaining peripheral self-tolerance, thus considered to be immune-regulatory cells. In this review we will cover most of the new data on innate immune system and discuss its importance in the development of autoimmunity. New treatments were developed following our better understanding of these pathways, the targeting of which, opened new therapeutic avenues in treating autoimmune diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elias Toubi
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai-Zion Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel
| | - Zahava Vadasz
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Bnai-Zion Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Schulte-Wrede U, Sörensen T, Grün JR, Häupl T, Hirseland H, Steinbrich-Zöllner M, Wu P, Radbruch A, Poddubnyy D, Sieper J, Syrbe U, Grützkau A. An explorative study on deep profiling of peripheral leukocytes to identify predictors for responsiveness to anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha therapies in ankylosing spondylitis: natural killer cells in focus. Arthritis Res Ther 2018; 20:191. [PMID: 30157966 PMCID: PMC6116509 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-018-1692-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Therapeutic targeting of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α is highly effective in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients. However, since one-third of anti-TNF-treated AS patients do not show an adequate clinical response there is an urgent need for new biomarkers that would aid clinicians in their decision-making to select appropriate therapeutic options. Thus, the aim of this explorative study was to identify cell-based biomarkers in peripheral blood that could be used for a pre-treatment stratification of AS patients. Methods A high-dimensional, multi-parametric flow cytometric approach was applied to identify baseline predictors in 31 AS patients before treatment with the TNF blockers adalimumab (TNF-neutralisation) and etanercept (soluble TNF receptor). Results As the major result, the frequencies of natural killer (NK) cells, and in particular CD8-positive (CD8+) NK cell subsets, were most predictive for therapeutic outcome in AS patients. While an inverse correlation between classical CD56+/CD16+ NK cells and reduction of disease activity was observed, the CD8+ NK cell subset behaved in the opposite direction. At baseline, responders showed significantly increased frequencies of CD8+ NK cells compared with non-responders. Conclusions This is the first study demonstrating that the composition of the NK cell compartment has predictive power for prediction of therapeutic outcome for anti-TNF-α blockers, and we identified CD8+ NK cells as a potential new player in the TNF-α-driven chronic inflammatory immune response of AS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13075-018-1692-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ursula Schulte-Wrede
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz-Association, Immune Monitoring Core Facility, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Till Sörensen
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim R Grün
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz-Association, Immune Monitoring Core Facility, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz-Association, Bioinformatics Group, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Häupl
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Heike Hirseland
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz-Association, Immune Monitoring Core Facility, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marta Steinbrich-Zöllner
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Peihua Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Radbruch
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz-Association, Immune Monitoring Core Facility, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.,German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz-Association, Cell Biology Group, Berlin, Germany
| | - Denis Poddubnyy
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz-Association, Epidemiology Unit, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Sieper
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Uta Syrbe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Grützkau
- German Rheumatism Research Center Berlin (DRFZ), an Institute of the Leibniz-Association, Immune Monitoring Core Facility, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Antigenic and immunogenic properties of chondrocytes. Implications for chondrocyte therapeutic transplantation and pathogenesis of inflammatory and degenerative joint diseases. Cent Eur J Immunol 2018; 43:209-219. [PMID: 30135635 PMCID: PMC6102611 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2018.77392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In physiological conditions chondrocytes are protected from contact with immunocompetent cells by the extracellular matrix, and transplanted fragments of allogeneic cartilage are not rejected. Cartilage produced by allogeneic chondrocytes, however, evokes the immune response of the recipient and is gradually destroyed. Immunisation by allogeneic chondrocytes is induced by the contact of their surface molecules with cells of the immune system. Chondrocytes constitutively express class I and, in some species, class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Expression of MHC class II molecules is induced in vitro by pro-inflammatory cytokines and in vivo in the course of the rejection of transplanted allogeneic cartilage. Low level of MHC class II molecules is found on the surface of human articular chondrocytes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Cartilage produced by transplanted allogeneic chondrocytes is destroyed by monocytes/macrophages and cytotoxic T and natural killer (NK) cells. NK cells show spontaneous cytotoxic reactivity against isolated chondrocytes and participate in the rejection of transplanted isolated chondrocytes. Chondrocytes express molecules that can serve as potential antigens in inflammatory joint diseases. Chondrocytes express cartilage-specific membrane antigen (CH65), human cartilage glycoprotein-39 (HC gp-39), hyaluronan binding adhesion molecule CD44, thymocyte antigen-1 (Thy-1) – CD90, signal transducer – CD24, lymphocyte function-associated antigen-3 (LFA-3) – CD58, and type I transmembrane protein Tmp21. On the other hand, although chondrocytes express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II molecules, they can also exert immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory effects on immunocompetent cells. Isolated chondrocytes do not trigger an efficient allogeneic immune response in vitro and suppress, in a contact-dependent manner, proliferation of activated T cells. This suppression is associated with the expression by chondrocytes of multiple negative regulators of immune response. Chondrocytes express programmed death-ligand (PD-L), chondromodulin-I and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), molecules that promote self-tolerance and suppress the immune system.
Collapse
|
19
|
Gianchecchi E, Delfino DV, Fierabracci A. NK cells in autoimmune diseases: Linking innate and adaptive immune responses. Autoimmun Rev 2018; 17:142-154. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2017.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
20
|
Iwaszko M, Świerkot J, Kolossa K, Jeka S, Wiland P, Bogunia-Kubik K. Influence of NKG2D Genetic Variants on Response to Anti-TNF Agents in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:genes9020064. [PMID: 29370129 PMCID: PMC5852560 DOI: 10.3390/genes9020064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D) acts as a powerful activating and co-stimulatory receptor on immune effector cells including NK and T cells. Disruptions within the NKG2D signalling pathway may trigger an exacerbated immune response and promote autoimmune reactions. The objective of the study was to evaluate a plausible role of polymorphisms within the NKG2D gene as a predictor of how effective anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy is in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. A total of 280 RA patients receiving anti-TNF therapy were genotyped for NKG2D rs2255336 (A > G), rs1049174 (C > G), and rs1154831 (C > A). Clinical response was evaluated according to the European League against Rheumatism (EULAR) criteria at the 12th and 24th week. Both the NKG2D rs225336 and rs1049174 polymorphisms were significantly associated with efficacy of TNF inhibitors. Inefficient therapy was more frequently observed in patients with rs2255336 GG or rs1049174 CC genotype as compared to other genotypes (p-value = 0.003 and p-value = 0.004, respectively). The presence of the rs2255336 G or the rs1049174 C allele correlated with a worse EULAR response (p-value = 0.002, p-value = 0.031, respectively). Moreover, patients carrying the rs2255336 or rs1049174 heterozygous genotype achieved better EULAR responses than patients with homozygous genotypes (p-value = 0.010 and p-value = 0.002, respectively). Data from the present study provides evidence that NKG2D polymorphisms may affect response to anti-TNF inhibitors in RA patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milena Iwaszko
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Świerkot
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Kolossa
- Clinical Department of Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Hospital University Number 2 Jana Biziela, Ujejskiego 75, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Sławomir Jeka
- Clinical Department of Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Hospital University Number 2 Jana Biziela, Ujejskiego 75, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Piotr Wiland
- Department of Rheumatology and Internal Medicine, Wrocław Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Bogunia-Kubik
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Weigla 12, 53-114 Wrocław, Poland.
- Department of Internal, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wrocław Medical University, Borowska 213, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Białoszewska A, Olkowska-Truchanowicz J, Bocian K, Osiecka-Iwan A, Czop A, Kieda C, Malejczyk J. A Role of NKR-P1A (CD161) and Lectin-like Transcript 1 in Natural Cytotoxicity against Human Articular Chondrocytes. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 200:715-724. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
22
|
Zhang Y, Wang H, Lou X, Qu X, Gao L, Liu X, Li M, Guo H, Jiang Y. Decreased percentage of NKG2D+NK cells in patients with incident onset of Type 1 Diabetes. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 44:180-190. [PMID: 27862177 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is characterized by absolute insulin deficiency owing to autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic β cells. A significant decrease in natural killer (NK) cells in peripheral blood has been observed in patients with untreated T1DM. In the present study, we aimed to explore the role of NK cells and their subsets in young T1DM patients. A total of 30 children and adolescents with untreated T1DM and 27 healthy controls (HC) were recruited in this study. Flow cytometry analysis indicated that the percentage of peripheral blood CD3-CD56+ NK cells and NK cells subsets (CD56bright, CD56dim and CD56neg), were significantly decreased in the T1DM patients compared to healthy controls. In addition, the percentage of inducible CD107a+ and IFN-γ-secreting NK cells was significantly decreased compared to HC. Interestingly, the percentage of NKG2D+ NK cells negatively correlated with the level of serum TCHOL and TG in T1DM patients. Our data indicate that decreased number and impaired function of NK cells may have a role in the pathogenesis of T1DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yupan Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, China
| | - Haifeng Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoqian Lou
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaozhang Qu
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lichao Gao
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Weihai, China
| | - Yanfang Jiang
- Department of Central Laboratory, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li J, Wei Y, Li X, Zhu D, Nie B, Zhou J, Lou L, Dong B, Wu A, Che Y, Chen M, Zhu L, Mu M, Chai L. Herbal formula Xian-Fang-Huo-Ming-Yin regulates differentiation of lymphocytes and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in collagen-induced arthritis mice. Altern Ther Health Med 2017; 17:12. [PMID: 28056922 PMCID: PMC5216578 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1526-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background Xian-Fang-Huo-Ming-Yin (XFHM), a traditional herbal formula, has been used to treat sores and carbuncles for hundreds of years in Asia. Nowadays, its clinical effects in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have been validated. In this study, we want to study its possible molecular mechanisms of regulating the differentiation of lymphocytes and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) mice for RA treatment. Methods A high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometer (HPLC-ESI/MSn) system was used to analyze the constituents of XFHM granules. An arthritics mouse model was induced by collagen and leflunomide (LEF) was used as a positive control medicine. Pathological changes at the metatarsophalangeal joint were studied through Safranin O and immunohistochemical staining. The differentiation of T, B and NK cells was examined by flow cytometry and pro-inflammatory cytokines were assayed using an Inflammation Antibody Array assay. The expression of key molecules of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathways in spleen were studied by western-blot analysis. Results In our study. 21 different dominant chemical constituents were identified in XFHM. Treatment with XFHM suppressed the pathological changes in arthrosis of CIA. Additionally, XFHM down-regulated the proliferation and differentiation of CD3+ T cells and CD3−CD19+ B cells significantly. However, XFHM had no significant effect on CD3−NK1.1+ NK cells. Further study showed that the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines had been suppressed by inhibiting the activation of NF-κB and JAK/STAT signaling. Conclusions XFHM can regulate and maintain the immunologic balance of lymphocytic immunity and inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, thus suppressing the pathological changes of RA. Therefore, XFHM may be used as an application of traditional medicine against RA in modern complementary and alternative therapeutics. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12906-016-1526-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
|
24
|
Michel T, Poli A, Cuapio A, Briquemont B, Iserentant G, Ollert M, Zimmer J. Human CD56bright NK Cells: An Update. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:2923-31. [PMID: 26994304 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Human NK cells can be subdivided into various subsets based on the relative expression of CD16 and CD56. In particular, CD56(bright)CD16(-/dim) NK cells are the focus of interest. They are considered efficient cytokine producers endowed with immunoregulatory properties, but they can also become cytotoxic upon appropriate activation. These cells were shown to play a role in different disease states, such as cancer, autoimmunity, neuroinflammation, and infection. Although their phenotype and functional properties are well known and have been extensively studied, their lineage relationship with other NK cell subsets is not fully defined, nor is their precise hematopoietic origin. In this article, we summarize recent studies about CD56(bright) NK cells in health and disease and briefly discuss the current controversies surrounding them.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Michel
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Aurélie Poli
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Angelica Cuapio
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, A-1090 Vienna, Austria; and
| | - Benjamin Briquemont
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Gilles Iserentant
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Markus Ollert
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg; Allergy Center, Department of Dermatology Odense Research Centre for Anaphylaxis, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Jacques Zimmer
- Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, L-4354 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg;
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
As our understanding of the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases is growing, new therapies are being developed to target disease-specific pathways. Since the introduction of etanercept in 1998, several biotechnological agents have been developed, most of them indicated in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, but also psoriatic arthritis. Most currently available molecules target TNF-alfa with different strategies (i.e., etanercept, infliximab, adalimumab, golimumab, and certolizumab pegol), IL-6 (tocilizumab), CTLA-4 (abatacept), and B cells (rituximab, belimumab) as they are key mediators in the cascade of inflammation. Further, small molecules have been recently developed to target intracellular signaling, such as Janus Kinases for tofacitinib, the first FDA-approved small molecule for rheumatoid arthritis. Most novel treatments are being developed for arthritis with specific differences between rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis, as well as for systemic lupus erythematosus, following the approval of belimumab. Finally, biologic therapies are effective also in gout, mainly targeting interleukin-1 to block the inflammasome. This review article describes the new and upcoming treatment options for rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and gout to dissect what we should be aware of when discussing these new and promising molecules.
Collapse
|
26
|
Papanikolaou IC, Boki KA, Giamarellos-Bourboulis EJ, Kotsaki A, Kagouridis K, Karagiannidis N, Polychronopoulos VS. Innate immunity alterations in idiopathic interstitial pneumonias and rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung diseases. Immunol Lett 2014; 163:179-86. [PMID: 25540922 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This is a prospective cohort study elucidating innate immunity in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), cryptogenic organizing pneumonia (COP), rheumatoid arthritis-associated usual interstitial pneumonia (RA-UIP) and RA-associated non specific interstitial pneumonia (RA-NSIP). METHODS 23 IPF subjects, 9 COP subjects, 5 RA-UIP subjects, 8 RA-NSIP subjects were enrolled. 10 subjects were excluded. 19 healthy subjects served as controls. Blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were obtained. Natural killer (NK) and NKT cells, NK cells apoptosis and the expression of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells type 1 (TREM-1) were assessed. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) production was measured in cell cultures after stimulation with lipopolysaccharide endotoxin (LPS) and Pam3CysSK3, and in BAL. Surface expression of Toll-like receptors (TLR) 2 and 4 on peripheral blood monocytes (PBMC's) and circulating NK cells was also assessed. RESULTS RA-NSIP had low blood NKs, marginally insignificant (p=0.07). These NKs poorly produced TNF-α after LPS stimulation. TLR's expression on NK cells was similar throughout disease groups and controls. PBMC's mainly from IPF patients exhibited low TNF-α production after LPS stimulation but not after Pam3CysSK3 stimulation, while TLR4 expression on PBMC's was found normal in all study groups. TLR2 expression on PBMC's was increased in IPF, but mainly in COP, RA-UIP and RA-NSIP (p=0.015). TREM-1 expression was significant on COP monocytes and on COP neutrophils versus controls. RA-NSIP monocytes also exhibited TREM-1 expression (p=0.07). Decreased TNF-α concentration in BAL was finally observed in IPF and RA-UIP. CONCLUSIONS Innate immunity in the lungs and the peripheral circulation in IPF and RA-UIP are similar and more fibrotic than in RA-NSIP which is characterized by NK cell depletion and dysfunction. TREM-1 and TLR's likely affect patterns of inflammation in various interstitial lung diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilias C Papanikolaou
- 3rd Pulmonary Department, Sismanoglion General Hospital, Sismanogliou 1, 15126 Attica, Greece.
| | - Kyriaki A Boki
- Rheumatology Department, Sismanoglion General Hospital, Sismanogliou 1, 15126 Attica, Greece.
| | | | - Antigoni Kotsaki
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, ATTIKON University General Hospital, Rimini 1, 12462 Attica, Greece.
| | - Konstantinos Kagouridis
- 3rd Pulmonary Department, Sismanoglion General Hospital, Sismanogliou 1, 15126 Attica, Greece.
| | - Napoleon Karagiannidis
- 3rd Pulmonary Department, Sismanoglion General Hospital, Sismanogliou 1, 15126 Attica, Greece.
| | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Diani M, Altomare G, Reali E. T cell responses in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Autoimmun Rev 2014; 14:286-92. [PMID: 25445403 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
According to the current view the histological features of psoriasis arise as a consequence of the interplay between T cells, dendritic cells and keratinocytes giving rise to a self-perpetuating loop that amplifies and sustains inflammation in lesional skin. In particular, myeloid dendritic cell secretion of IL-23 and IL-12 activates IL-17-producing T cells, Th22 and Th1 cells, leading to the production of inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17, IFN-γ, TNF and IL-22. These cytokines mediate effects on keratinocytes thus establishing the inflammatory loop. Unlike psoriasis the immunopathogenic features of psoriatic arthritis are poorly characterized and there is a gap in the knowledge of the pathogenic link between inflammatory T cell responses arising in the skin and the development of joint inflammation. Here we review the knowledge accumulated over the years from the early evidence of autoreactive CD8 T cells that was studied mainly in the years 1990s and 2000s to the recent findings of the role of Th17, Tc17 cells and γδ T cells in psoriatic disease pathogenesis. The review will also focus on common and distinguishing features of T cell responses in psoriatic plaques and in synovial fluid of patients with psoriatic arthritis. The integration of this information could help to distinguish the role played by T cells in the initiation phase of the disease from the role of T cells as downstream effectors sustaining inflammation in psoriatic plaques and potentially leading to disease manifestation in distant joints.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Diani
- I.R.C.C.S Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Milan, Italy; University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Altomare
- I.R.C.C.S Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Milan, Italy; University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Eva Reali
- I.R.C.C.S Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhang Y, Lv G, Lou X, Peng D, Qu X, Yang X, Ayana DA, Guo H, Jiang Y. NKG2A expression and impaired function of NK cells in patients with new onset of Graves' disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2014; 24:133-9. [PMID: 25281394 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2014.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Graves' disease (GD) is an organ-specific autoimmune disease. A significant decrease of the distribution of NK cells in the peripheral blood in children and adolescents with untreated GD has been observed. However, the role of NK and its subsets in adults with GD remains unclear. METHODS A total of 28 adult patients with new onset of GD and 23 healthy controls (HC) were recruited. The number of activated inhibitory NK cells in peripheral blood of individual subjects was determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS The number of CD3(-)CD56(+) and CD3(-)CD16(+)NK cells in peripheral blood was significantly decreased in the GD patients than the HC. Compared to the HCs, decreased number of NKG2D(+), NKG2C(+), NKp30(+) and NKG2A(+) NK cells and increased number of KIR3DL1(+) NK cells were detected in the GD patients. Moreover, the number of inducible CD107a(+) and IFN-γ-secreting NK cells in GD patients significantly decreased than those in HC. Interestingly, the number of NKG2A(+)NK cells was negatively correlated with the level of serum TRAb in GD patients. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that decreased number and impaired function of NK cells may contribute to the pathogenesis of GD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yupan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Guoyue Lv
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Xiaoqian Lou
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Di Peng
- Department of Endocrinology, Center Hospital of Tonghua City, Tonghua 134000, China.
| | - Xiaozhang Qu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Xige Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | | | - Hui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Yanfang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kragsnaes MS, Fredberg U, Stribolt K, Kjaer SG, Bendix K, Ellingsen T. Stereological quantification of immune-competent cells in baseline biopsy specimens from achilles tendons: results from patients with chronic tendinopathy followed for more than 4 years. Am J Sports Med 2014; 42:2435-45. [PMID: 25081311 DOI: 10.1177/0363546514542329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited data exist on the presence and function of immune-competent cells in chronic tendinopathic tendons and their potential role in inflammation and tissue healing as well as in predicting long-term outcome. PURPOSE To quantify subtypes of immune-competent cells in biopsy specimens from nonruptured chronic tendinopathic Achilles tendons and healthy control tendons. In addition, to examine whether findings in baseline cell biopsy specimens can predict the long-term presence of Achilles tendon symptoms. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional and case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. METHODS Fifty patients with nonruptured chronic Achilles tendinopathy and 15 healthy participants were included. At time of inclusion, an ultrasound examination was performed immediately before an ultrasound-guided Achilles tendon biopsy specimen was obtained. Tissue samples were evaluated immunohistochemically by quantifying the presence of macrophages (CD68-PGM1(+), CD68-KP1(+)), hemosiderophages (Perls blue), T lymphocytes (CD2(+), CD3(+), CD4(+), CD7(+), CD8(+)), B lymphocytes (CD20(+)), natural killer cells (CD56(+)), mast cells (NaSDCl(+)), Schwann cells (S100(+)), and endothelial cells (CD34(+)) using a stereological technique. A follow-up examination was conducted more than 4 years (range, 4-9 years) after the biopsy procedure to evaluate the long-term presence of Achilles tendon symptoms. RESULTS Macrophages, T lymphocytes, mast cells, and natural killer cells were observed in the majority (range, 52%-96%) of biopsy specimens from nonruptured chronic tendinopathic Achilles tendons. CD68-KP1(+) macrophages (0.29% vs 0; P = .005) and CD34(+) endothelial cells (3% vs 0.97%; P = .04) were significantly more numerous in tendinopathic tendons compared with healthy tendons. The presence of iron(+) hemosiderophages was more frequently observed in biopsy specimens obtained from the group who was asymptomatic at follow-up compared with the symptomatic group (42% vs 5%; P = .02). CONCLUSION This study provides evidence for the presence of immune-competent cells in the majority of biopsy specimens from nonruptured chronic tendinopathic Achilles tendons. Macrophages and endothelial cells were significantly more numerous in tendinopathic tendons than in healthy tendons. The presence of iron(+) hemosiderophages in baseline biopsy specimens was associated with a good prognosis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE New insight into the role of immune-competent cells in chronic Achilles tendinopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ulrich Fredberg
- Diagnostic Centre, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, Silkeborg, Denmark
| | - Katrine Stribolt
- Institute of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Knud Bendix
- Institute of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Torkell Ellingsen
- Diagnostic Centre, Silkeborg Regional Hospital, Silkeborg, Denmark Department of Rheumatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Richter J, Capková K, Hříbalová V, Vannucci L, Danyi I, Malý M, Fišerová A. Collagen-induced arthritis: severity and immune response attenuation using multivalent N-acetyl glucosamine. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 177:121-33. [PMID: 24588081 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmunity leading to considerable impairment of quality of life. N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) has been described previously as a potent modulator of experimental arthritis in animal models and is used for osteoarthritis treatment in humans, praised for its lack of adverse effects. In this study we present a comprehensive immunological analysis of multivalent GlcNAc-terminated glycoconjugate (GC) application in the treatment of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) and its clinical outcome. We used immunohistochemistry and FACS to describe conditions on the inflammation site. Systemic and clinical effects were evaluated by FACS, cytotoxicity assay, ELISA, cytometric bead array (CBA), RT-PCR and clinical scoring. We found reduced inflammatory infiltration, NKG2D expression on NK and suppression of T, B and antigen-presenting cells (APC) in the synovia. On the systemic level, GCs prevented the activation of monocyte- and B cell-derived APCs, the rise of TNF-α and IFN-γ levels, and subsequent type II collagen (CII)-specific IgG2a formation. Moreover, we detected an increase of anti-inflammatory IL-4 mRNA in the spleen. Similar to the synovia, the GCs caused a significant reduction of NKG2D-expressing NK cells in the spleen without influencing their lytic function. GCs effectively postponed the onset of arthritic symptoms, reduced their severity and in 18% (GN8P) and 31% (GN4C) of the cases completely prevented their appearance. Our data prove that GlcNAc glycoconjugates prevent the inflammatory response, involving proinflammatory cytokine rise, APC activation and NKG2D expression, leading to the attenuation of clinical symptoms. These results support the glycobiological approach to the treatment of collagen-induced arthritis/rheumatoid arthritis (CIA/RA) as a way of bringing new prospects for more effective therapeutic interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Richter
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, ASCR v.v.i., Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Conigliaro P, Triggianese P, Perricone C, Chimenti MS, Di Muzio G, Ballanti E, Guarino MD, Kroegler B, Gigliucci G, Grelli S, Perricone R. Restoration of peripheral blood natural killer and B cell levels in patients affected by rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis during etanercept treatment. Clin Exp Immunol 2014; 177:234-43. [PMID: 24666401 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Etanercept (ETN) is an anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α agent used in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Few studies focused on the effects of anti-TNF-α on peripheral blood cells. We aimed to evaluate peripheral blood cells in RA and PsA patients during ETN treatment and to explore their relationships with disease activity. RA (n = 82) and PsA (n = 32) patients who started ETN were included into the study and evaluated prospectively before the beginning of ETN therapy and after 14, 22, 54 and 102 weeks. Patients were studied in terms of disease activity score on 28 joints (DAS28), clinical response and laboratory findings. Natural killer (NK) cells, B cells and T cells were characterized by immunophenotyping. Both the RA and the PsA patients showed reduced NK and B cell count before ETN treatment compared with controls. A negative correlation was demonstrated between DAS28 and B cell count in RA patients at baseline. Sustained significant increase of NK and B cells up to normal levels was observed in RA and PsA patients along ETN treatment. Increase of NK cell count was associated with a good-moderate clinical response to ETN in both RA and PsA patients. During ETN treatment peripheral blood NK and B cells levels were restored in RA and PsA patients. Correlations between NK and B cells with disease activity were observed, suggesting that those effects could be mediated by ETN treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Conigliaro
- Department of Medicina dei Sistemi, Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Gras C, Eiz-Vesper B, Jaimes Y, Immenschuh S, Jacobs R, Witte T, Blasczyk R, Figueiredo C. Secreted Semaphorin 5A Activates Immune Effector Cells and Is a Biomarker for Rheumatoid Arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol 2014; 66:1461-71. [DOI: 10.1002/art.38425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yarua Jaimes
- Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany, and Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum, Leibniz Institute; Berlin Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Fan D, Liu S, Yang T, Wu S, Wang S, Li G, Zeng Z, Duan Z, Xia G, Ye D, Zou Y, Xu S, Xu J, Zhang L, Shuai Z, Pan F. Association between KIR polymorphisms and ankylosing spondylitis in populations: a meta-analysis. Mod Rheumatol 2014; 24:985-91. [PMID: 24673577 DOI: 10.3109/14397595.2014.894489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Published association studies of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in populations are inconsistent. The aim of this study is to determine whether the KIR polymorphisms confer susceptibility to AS in populations by conducting a meta-analysis. METHODS A computer search was carried out up to August 2013 for literature pertaining to AS and KIR polymorphisms. Publications addressing the association between the KIR polymorphisms and susceptibility to AS in populations were selected from the Pubmed, Elsevier Science Direct, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) databases. The odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was calculated. RESULTS A total of 13 case-control studies in 9 articles were included in this meta-analysis. Meta-analysis results identified two positive associations of 2DS4 and 3DS1 with susceptibility to AS in populations. In subgroup analysis, there was a positive association between 2DS4 and susceptibility to AS in Asians, but not in Caucasians. And there were associations between 3DL1, 3DS1 and susceptibility to AS in Caucasians, but not in Asians. Results of subgroup analysis also showed that there were associations between 2DL5, 2DS4, 2DS5, 3DL1, 3DS1 and susceptibility to AS in HLA-B*27-positive patients and HLA-B*27-positive healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis confirms that 2DS4 and 3DS1 might be potential risk factors for AS in populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dazhi Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University , Hefei, Anhui , P. R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Poggi A, Zocchi MR. NK cell autoreactivity and autoimmune diseases. Front Immunol 2014; 5:27. [PMID: 24550913 PMCID: PMC3912987 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidences have pointed out the relevance of natural killer (NK) cells in organ-specific and systemic autoimmune diseases. NK cells bear a plethora of activating and inhibiting receptors that can play a role in regulating reactivity with autologous cells. The activating receptors recognize natural ligands up-regulated on virus-infected or stressed or neoplastic cells. Of note, several autoimmune diseases are thought to be linked to viral infections as one of the first event in inducing autoimmunity. Also, it is conceivable that autoimmunity can be triggered when a dysregulation of innate immunity occurs, activating T and B lymphocytes to react with self-components. This would imply that NK cells can play a regulatory role during adaptive immunity; indeed, innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), comprising the classical CD56+ NK cells, have a role in maintaining or alternating tissue homeostasis secreting protective and/or pro-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, NK cells display activating receptors involved in natural cytotoxicity and the activating isoforms of receptors for HLA class I that can interact with healthy host cells and induce damage without any evidence of viral infection or neoplastic-induced alteration. In this context, the interrelationship among ILC, extracellular-matrix components, and mesenchymal stromal cells can be considered a key point for the control of homeostasis. Herein, we summarize evidences for a role of NK cells in autoimmune diseases and will give a point of view of the interplay between NK cells and self-cells in triggering autoimmunity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Poggi
- Molecular Oncology and Angiogenesis Unit, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST , Genoa , Italy
| | - Maria Raffaella Zocchi
- Division of Immunology, Transplants and Infectious Diseases, Scientific Institute San Raffaele , Milan , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
NK Cell Trafficking in Health and Autoimmunity:A Comprehensive Review. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2013; 47:119-27. [DOI: 10.1007/s12016-013-8400-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
36
|
Novelli L, Chimenti MS, Chiricozzi A, Perricone R. The new era for the treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: perspectives and validated strategies. Autoimmun Rev 2013; 13:64-9. [PMID: 24021172 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2013] [Accepted: 08/25/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory arthropathy associated with psoriasis. Psoriasis (PsO) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease, characterized by hyperproliferation and aberrant differentiation of keratinocytes. PsA and PsO can be considered as a unique disease and are immune-mediated diseases and both innate and adaptive immunity play a role in their pathogenesis. Initially, PsO and PsA were thought to be Th1-mediated diseases, however, in the last years, several studies have shown the role of interleukin 17 (IL-17) and Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of PsA and PsO. Th17 cells have been detected in dermal infiltrates of psoriatic lesions as well as in synovial fluid. Interleukin (IL)-23, produced by antigen presenting cells (APC), especially by dendritic cells (DC), is the key regulator cytokine for Th17 and IL-17 production. In this review we discuss the role of IL-17 and IL-23 in the pathogenesis of PsO and PsA and their role as therapeutic targets for PsO and PsA treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Novelli
- Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Białoszewska A, Baychelier F, Niderla-Bielińska J, Czop A, Debré P, Vieillard V, Kieda C, Malejczyk J. Constitutive expression of ligand for natural killer cell NKp44 receptor (NKp44L) by normal human articular chondrocytes. Cell Immunol 2013; 285:6-9. [PMID: 24044960 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2013.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2013] [Revised: 08/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Normal chondrocytes display susceptibility to lysis by natural killer (NK) cells and this phenomenon may play a role in some inflammatory cartilage disorders. The mechanisms of chondrocyte recognition and killing by NK cells remain unclear. Using flow cytometry and immunohistochemical staining we found that normal human articular chondrocytes constitutively express a ligand for NKp44, one of stimulatory NK cell receptors involved in recognition and killing of target cells. Expression of NKp44 ligand by normal articular chondrocytes is not involved in their killing by unstimulated NK cells; however, it is responsible for anti-chondrocyte cytotoxicity mediated by long-term activated NK cells. Thus, expression of NKp44 ligand may play a role in chondrocyte destruction in course of chronic inflammatory cartilage disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agata Białoszewska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Center of Biostructure Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland; Glycobiology of Cell Recognition, Centre de Biophysique Moleculaire, CNRS UPR 4301, University of Orleans, Orleans, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ankylosing spondylitis: from cells to genes. Int J Inflam 2013; 2013:501653. [PMID: 23970995 PMCID: PMC3736459 DOI: 10.1155/2013/501653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Revised: 06/19/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown etiology, though it is considered an autoimmune disease. HLA-B27 is the risk factor most often associated with AS, and although the mechanism of involvement is unclear, the subtypes and other features of the relationship between HLA-B27 and AS have been studied for years. Additionally, the key role of IL-17 and Th17 cells in autoimmunity and inflammation suggests that the latter and the cytokines involved in their generation could play a role in the pathogenesis of this disease. Recent studies have described the sources of IL-17 and IL-23, as well as the characterization of Th17 cells in autoimmune diseases. Other cells, such as NK and regulatory T cells, have been implicated in autoimmunity and have been evaluated to ascertain their possible role in AS. Moreover, several polymorphisms, mutations and deletions in the regulatory proteins, protein-coding regions, and promoter regions of different genes involved in immune responses have been discovered and evaluated for possible genetic linkages to AS. In this review, we analyze the features of HLA-B27 and the suggested mechanisms of its involvement in AS while also focusing on the characterization of the immune response and the identification of genes associated with AS.
Collapse
|
39
|
Fogel LA, Yokoyama WM, French AR. Natural killer cells in human autoimmune disorders. Arthritis Res Ther 2013; 15:216. [PMID: 23856014 PMCID: PMC3979027 DOI: 10.1186/ar4232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that play a critical role in early host defense against viruses. Through their cytolytic capacity and generation of cytokines and chemokines, NK cells modulate the activity of other components of the innate and adaptive immune systems and have been implicated in the initiation or maintenance of autoimmune responses. This review focuses on recent research elucidating a potential immunoregulatory role for NK cells in T-cell and B-cell-mediated autoimmune disorders in humans, with a particular focus on multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematous. A better understanding of the contributions of NK cells to the development of autoimmunity may lead to novel therapeutic targets in these diseases.
Collapse
|
40
|
Épidémiologie, étiologie et physiopathologie de la spondylarthrite ankylosante. ACTUALITES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.actpha.2013.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
41
|
Abstract
Adaptations in maternal systemic immunity are presumed to be responsible for observed alterations in disease susceptibility and severity as pregnancy progresses. Epidemiological evidence as well as animal studies have shown that influenza infections are more severe during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, resulting in greater morbidity and mortality, although the reason for this is still unclear. Our laboratory has taken advantage of 20 years of experience studying the murine immune response to respiratory viruses to address questions of altered immunity during pregnancy. With clinical studies and unique animal model systems, we are working to define the mechanisms responsible for altered immune responses to influenza infection during pregnancy and what roles hormones such as estrogen or progesterone play in these alterations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Pazos
- Department of Microbiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 1 Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1124, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Mueller M, Barros P, Witherden A, Roberts A, Zhang Z, Schaschl H, Yu CY, Hurles M, Schaffner C, Floto R, Game L, Steinberg K, Wilson R, Graves T, Eichler E, Cook H, Vyse T, Aitman T. Genomic pathology of SLE-associated copy-number variation at the FCGR2C/FCGR3B/FCGR2B locus. Am J Hum Genet 2013; 92:28-40. [PMID: 23261299 PMCID: PMC3542466 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2012.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced FCGR3B copy number is associated with increased risk of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The five FCGR2/FCGR3 genes are arranged across two highly paralogous genomic segments on chromosome 1q23. Previous studies have suggested mechanisms for structural rearrangements at the FCGR2/FCGR3 locus and have proposed mechanisms whereby altered FCGR3B copy number predisposes to autoimmunity, but the high degree of sequence similarity between paralogous segments has prevented precise definition of the molecular events and their functional consequences. To pursue the genomic pathology associated with FCGR3B copy-number variation, we integrated sequencing data from fosmid and bacterial artificial chromosome clones and sequence-captured DNA from FCGR3B-deleted genomes to establish a detailed map of allelic and paralogous sequence variation across the FCGR2/FCGR3 locus. This analysis identified two highly paralogous 24.5 kb blocks within the FCGR2C/FCGR3B/FCGR2B locus that are devoid of nonpolymorphic paralogous sequence variations and that define the limits of the genomic regions in which nonallelic homologous recombination leads to FCGR2C/FCGR3B copy-number variation. Further, the data showed evidence of swapping of haplotype blocks between these highly paralogous blocks that most likely arose from sequential ancestral recombination events across the region. Functionally, we found by flow cytometry, immunoblotting and cDNA sequencing that individuals with FCGR3B-deleted alleles show ectopic presence of FcγRIIb on natural killer (NK) cells. We conclude that FCGR3B deletion juxtaposes the 5'-regulatory sequences of FCGR2C with the coding sequence of FCGR2B, creating a chimeric gene that results in an ectopic accumulation of FcγRIIb on NK cells and provides an explanation for SLE risk associated with reduced FCGR3B gene copy number.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Mueller
- Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Paula Barros
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Abigail S. Witherden
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Amy L. Roberts
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Helmut Schaschl
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Chack-Yung Yu
- Center for Molecular and Human Genetics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Matthew E. Hurles
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Catherine Schaffner
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - R. Andres Floto
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Laurence Game
- Genomics Core Laboratory, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Karyn Meltz Steinberg
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Richard K. Wilson
- The Genome Institute at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Tina A. Graves
- The Genome Institute at Washington University, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Evan E. Eichler
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - H. Terence Cook
- Centre for Complement and Inflammation Research, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Timothy J. Vyse
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King’s College London, Guy’s Hospital, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Timothy J. Aitman
- Physiological Genomics and Medicine Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W12 0NN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Chimenti MS, Ballanti E, Perricone C, Cipriani P, Giacomelli R, Perricone R. Immunomodulation in psoriatic arthritis: focus on cellular and molecular pathways. Autoimmun Rev 2012. [PMID: 23183378 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2012.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory arthropathy associated with psoriasis. Pathogenesis is incompletely understood and pathophysiological role of synovium is just beginning to be elucidated. PsA could be considered an enthesal disease and this hypothesis is the link between mechanical stress (entheses) and immunologically active tissue (synovium). Histologically, PsA is characterized by lining layer hyperplasia, diffuse infiltrate of B, T, macrophages and dendritic cells associated with neutrophils' proliferation and angiogenesis. T cells are present, and oligoclonal T-cell expansions have been demonstrated in both skin and synovium. Histological findings are associated with monocyte-derived cytokines expression, as Myeloid-related protein (S100A8/A9). They play an important role in intracellular functions and cytoskeleton-membrane interactions. S100A8/A9 has a role in the propagation and perpetuation of the inflammatory process in patients with psoriasis and PsA, because of an activated monocyte/macrophage system that involve, distal to the skin, the "enthesal-complex." Complement system can be considered part of the acute phase response as demonstrated by higher plasma levels of C3 and C4 complement components in PsA patients compared with healthy subjects. These abnormal levels are then reverted by anti-TNF drugs. Evidences of efficacy of anti-TNF are expressed by reduction of vascularity and immune cells in synovial tissue. Therefore, innate response generates high concentrations of inflammatory cytokines which promote effector functions of a variety of tissue cells and sustain the characteristic chronicity of synovitis. The challenge will be the development of molecules affecting the balance between innate and adaptive immunity without affecting beneficial functions of the perfect concert of immunological process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sole Chimenti
- Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Buchser WJ, Laskow TC, Pavlik PJ, Lin HM, Lotze MT. Cell-mediated autophagy promotes cancer cell survival. Cancer Res 2012; 72:2970-9. [PMID: 22505650 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-11-3396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Immune effector cells integrate signals that define the nature and magnitude of the subsequent response. Experimental measures for immune cell-mediated lysis of tumors or virally infected targets rely on average responses of permeability or apoptotic changes within a population of targets. Here, we examined individual target cells following interaction with lymphoid effectors. We found that human peripheral blood lymphocytes not only provide lytic signals but also promote autophagy in the remaining cells. At high effector-to-target ratios, autophagy was induced in several human tumors, as assessed by induction of LC3 puncta and diminished p62. Natural killer cells are a primary mediator of this process. In addition, target cell autophagy was enhanced by provision of interleukin (IL)-2, whereas IL-10 attenuated this effect, and cell-to-cell contact strongly enhanced lymphocyte-mediated autophagy. Although IFN-γ can induce autophagy in target cells, IFN-α acted directly on the targets or in concert with lymphocytes to diminish target autophagy in some cell types. Importantly, cell-mediated autophagy promoted resistance from treatment modalities designed to eradicate tumor cells. Our findings therefore show that the lymphocyte-induced cell-mediated autophagy promotes cancer cell survival and may represent an important target for development of novel therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William J Buchser
- Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh and Biostatistics Facility, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15232, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Shegarfi H, Naddafi F, Mirshafiey A. Natural killer cells and their role in rheumatoid arthritis: friend or foe? ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:491974. [PMID: 22547986 PMCID: PMC3322405 DOI: 10.1100/2012/491974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a long-term disease that leads to inflammation of the joints and surrounding tissues. Natural killer (NK) cells are an important part of the innate immune system and are responsible for the first line of defense against pathogens during the initial immune challenge before the adaptive immune system eventually eliminates the infectious burden. NK cells have the capacity to damage normal cells or through interaction with other cells such as dendritic cells, macrophages, and T cells cause autoimmune diseases, such as RA. NK cells isolated from the joints of patients with RA suggest that they may play a role in this disease. However, the involvement of NK cells in RA pathology is not fully elucidated. Both protective and detrimental roles of NK cells in RA have recently been reported. A better understanding of NK cells' role in RA might help to develop new therapeutic strategies for treatment of the RA or other autoimmune diseases. We have decided in this paper to focus on the NK cell biology, and attempt to bring the interested readership of this Journal up to date on the NK cell, specifically its possible relation to RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Shegarfi
- Department of Anatomy, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Fatemeh Naddafi
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 6446 Tehran 14155, Iran
| | - Abbas Mirshafiey
- Department of Immunology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 6446 Tehran 14155, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Tajik N, Shahsavar F, Poormoghim H, Radjabzadeh MF, Mousavi T, Jalali A. KIR3DL1+HLA-B Bw4Ile80 and KIR2DS1+HLA-C2 combinations are both associated with ankylosing spondylitis in the Iranian population. Int J Immunogenet 2011; 38:403-9. [PMID: 21797986 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2011.01024.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Contribution of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and their human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class I ligands in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases has been shown in several studies. In this study, the possible association of KIR genes, their known HLA ligands and compound KIR/HLA genotypes with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) was assessed. Combined KIR/HLA ligand genotyping was performed by a polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primers assay in 35 Iranian patients with AS, and genotypes were compared to those in 200 healthy individuals. The frequencies of telomeric cluster genes KIR2DL5A, KIR2DS1 and KIR3DS1 were significantly increased in AS patient group (P(c) = 0.0082, P(c) = 0.0195 and P(c) = 0.0328, respectively). Conversely, HLA-Bw4 ligand (the presence of one or more -B Bw4(Ile80) , -B Bw4(Thr80) and -A Bw4 epitopes) (P(c) = 0.0004) and HLA-B Bw4(Ile80) (P(c) = 0.053) were less frequent in these patients. Meanwhile, compound KIR/HLA genotype analyses revealed lower frequency of KIR3DL1+HLA-B Bw4(Ile80) (P(c) = 0.0343) and higher frequency of KIR2DS1+HLA-C2 (P(c) = 0.0308) combinations in patients with AS than in controls. In addition, the genotypes iKIR+HLA > aKIR+HLA (P(c) = .0308) and iKIR+HLA > aKIR (P(c) = 0.0258) were statistically less common, and genotypes iKIR+HLA = aKIR+HLA (P(c) = 0.0081) and iKIR+HLA < aKIR (P(c) = 0.077) were more common in patient group. Our findings suggest a role for excessive or inappropriate NK cell activation through 'KIR/HLA' system in AS disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Tajik
- Division of Transplant Immunology and Immunogenetics, Department of Immunology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Perricone R, Perricone C, Shoenfeld Y. Autoimmunity: when the immune system becomes the self-ish giant. Autoimmun Rev 2011; 10:575-6. [PMID: 21621001 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2011.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Perricone
- Rheumatology, Allergology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|