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Zhang W, Lang R. Association between autoimmune liver diseases and chronic hepatitis B: A multivariable Mendelian randomization study in European population. Prev Med 2024; 184:107984. [PMID: 38705484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Observational studies have indicated a link between autoimmune liver diseases (AILD) and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) through observational studies. The association between AILD and CHB remains indeterminate. METHODS A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to scrutinize the causal nexus between AILD and CHB utilizing summary statistics derived from extensive genome-wide association studies (GWASs) in European populations. The primary statistical methodology employed was the inverse variance-weighted (IVW) method to deduce the causal connection of AILD on CHB. This study incorporated primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) as subtypes of AILD. Additionally, we conducted a multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis to account for the potential confounding effects of smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index (BMI), and some autoimmune diseases. RESULTS Our MR investigation encompassed a cohort of 725,816 individuals. The MR analysis revealed that genetically predicted PSC significantly correlated with a reduced risk of CHB (IVW OR = 0.857; 95%CI: 0.770-0.953, P = 0.005). Conversely, the reverse MR analysis suggested that genetic susceptibility to PSC might not modify the risk of CHB (IVW OR = 1.004; 95% CI: 0.958-1.053, P = 0.866). Genetically proxied PBC and AIH exhibited no discernible causal association with CHB in the MR analysis using the IVW method (P = 0.583; P = 0.425). The MVMR analysis still indicated a decreased risk of CHB associated with PSC (OR = 0.853, P = 0.003). CONCLUSION Our study elucidates a causal relationship between PSC and a diminished risk of CHB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ren Lang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
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2
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Pongracz T, Biewenga M, Stoelinga AEC, Bladergroen MR, Nicolardi S, Trouw LA, Wuhrer M, de Haan N, van Hoek B. Autoimmune hepatitis displays distinctively high multi-antennary sialylation on plasma N-glycans compared to other liver diseases. J Transl Med 2024; 22:456. [PMID: 38745252 PMCID: PMC11092172 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05173-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in plasma protein glycosylation are known to functionally affect proteins and to associate with liver diseases, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a liver disease characterized by liver inflammation and raised serum levels of IgG, and is difficult to distinguish from other liver diseases. The aim of this study was to examine plasma and IgG-specific N-glycosylation in AIH and compare it with healthy controls and other liver diseases. METHODS In this cross-sectional cohort study, total plasma N-glycosylation and IgG Fc glycosylation analysis was performed by mass spectrometry for 66 AIH patients, 60 age- and sex-matched healthy controls, 31 primary biliary cholangitis patients, 10 primary sclerosing cholangitis patients, 30 non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients and 74 patients with viral or alcoholic hepatitis. A total of 121 glycans were quantified per individual. Associations between glycosylation traits and AIH were investigated as compared to healthy controls and other liver diseases. RESULTS Glycan traits bisection (OR: 3.78 [1.88-9.35], p-value: 5.88 × 10- 3), tetraantennary sialylation per galactose (A4GS) (OR: 2.88 [1.75-5.16], p-value: 1.63 × 10- 3), IgG1 galactosylation (OR: 0.35 [0.2-0.58], p-value: 3.47 × 10- 5) and hybrid type glycans (OR: 2.73 [1.67-4.89], p-value: 2.31 × 10- 3) were found as discriminators between AIH and healthy controls. High A4GS differentiated AIH from other liver diseases, while bisection associated with cirrhosis severity. CONCLUSIONS Compared to other liver diseases, AIH shows distinctively high A4GS levels in plasma, with potential implications on glycoprotein function and clearance. Plasma-derived glycosylation has potential to be used as a diagnostic marker for AIH in the future. This may alleviate the need for a liver biopsy at diagnosis. Glycosidic changes should be investigated further in longitudinal studies and may be used for diagnostic and monitoring purposes in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamas Pongracz
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike Biewenga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Eva Charlotte Stoelinga
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Marco René Bladergroen
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Simone Nicolardi
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Leendert Adrianus Trouw
- Department Immunology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
| | - Noortje de Haan
- Center for Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands.
| | - Bart van Hoek
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, Leiden, 2333 ZA, The Netherlands
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Nguyen VD, Hughes TR, Zhou Y. From complement to complosome in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: When location matters. Liver Int 2024; 44:316-329. [PMID: 38010880 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a growing public health threat and becoming the leading cause of liver transplantation. Nevertheless, no approved specific treatment is currently available for NAFLD. The pathogenesis of NAFLD is multifaceted and not yet fully understood. Accumulating evidence suggests a significant role of the complement system in the development and progression of NAFLD. Here, we provide an overview of the complement system, incorporating the novel concept of complosome, and summarise the up-to-date evidence elucidating the association between complement dysregulation and the pathogenesis of NAFLD. In this process, the extracellular complement system is activated through various pathways, thereby directly contributing to, or working together with other immune cells in the disease development and progression. We also introduce the complosome and assess the evidence that implicates its potential influence in NAFLD through its direct impact on hepatocytes or non-parenchymal liver cells. Additionally, we expound upon how complement system and the complosome may exert their effects in relation with hepatic zonation in NAFLD. Furthermore, we discuss the potential therapeutic implications of targeting the complement system, extracellularly and intracellularly, for NAFLD treatment. Finally, we present future perspectives towards a better understanding of the complement system's contribution to NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van-Dien Nguyen
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Timothy R Hughes
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - You Zhou
- Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Liu B, Zhang D, Dong C, Yue Z, Wang L, Fan Z, Wu Y, Zhang K, Jiang L, Ding H, Zhang Y, Wang J, Liu F. Correlation between hepatic venous pressure gradient and portal pressure gradient in patients with autoimmune cirrhotic portal hypertension and collateral branches of the hepatic vein. Hepatol Res 2023; 53:1084-1095. [PMID: 37353943 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM To assess the correlation and agreement between hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) and portal pressure gradient (PPG) in patients with autoimmune liver diseases (ALD) and portal hypertension, and to investigate the extent to which hepatic vein collateralization affects the accuracy of this assessment. METHODS Ninety-eight patients with ALD between 2017 and 2021 who underwent transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt with conventional and innovative 15 mL pressurized contrast were selected to measure wedged hepatic venous pressure (WHVP) and portal venous pressure and to calculate the HVPG and PPG. Pearson's correlation was used for correlation analysis between the two groups. Bland-Altman plots were plotted to estimate the agreement between paired pressures. RESULTS The r values of PPG and HVPG in the early, middle, late, and portal venous visualization were 0.404, 0.789, 0.807, and 0.830, respectively, and the R2 values were 0.163, 0.622, 0.651, and 0.690, respectively. The p value for the r and R2 values in the early group was 0.015, and the p values in the remaining groups were less than 0.001. Bland-Altman plots showed that patients in the portal venous visualization group had the narrowest 95% limits of agreement. The mean value of the difference was close to the zero-scale line. CONCLUSIONS In patients with ALD, the correlation between the HVPG and PPG was good, and the later the collateral development, the better the correlation. Hepatic vein collateral was an essential factor in underestimating WHVP and HVPG, and the earlier the collateral appeared, the more obvious the underestimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Liu
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengbin Dong
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhendong Yue
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenhua Fan
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Wu
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huiguo Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuening Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing YouAn Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fuquan Liu
- Department of Interventional Therapy, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Feng S, Tu H, Chen L. A novel model predicted liver cirrhosis constructed by ultrasound and serological in autoimmune liver hepatitis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35295. [PMID: 37747028 PMCID: PMC10519531 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
To establish a noninvasive model based on two-dimensional shear wave elasticity (2D-SWE) technology, ultrasound feature and serological indicators to predict cirrhosis in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and verified. Patients with AIH confirmed by liver biopsy with liver ultrasound and serological examination were collected from January 2019 to May 2022. Patients were divided into cirrhosis and non-cirrhosis groups. Basic indexes, ultrasound indexes and serological indexes were collected. Multivariable logistic regression used for screening independent risk factors predicting cirrhosis, construct the AIH cirrhosis prediction model, named autoimmune hepatitis cirrhosis (AIHC). Determine best cutoff score according to the Youden index, verified the model's predictive efficacy. One hundred forty-six patients were collected. The following indicators were independent risk factors for predicting cirrhosis: LS (OR: 1.416, P = .015), splenomegaly (OR: 10.446, P = .006), complement C4 (OR: 0.020, P = .009). The best cutoff score was 65, with a sensitivity 88.9% and specificity 75.6%; the area under curve was 0.901, AIHC possessed a higher net reclassification index (NRI) and integrated discrimination improvement compared with other indexes, and AIHC had the best clinical decision curve. The AIHC constructed in this study has better predictive efficacy than other noninvasive indexes, and we visualized the model for easy application, which was worth further promotion in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyi Feng
- Department of Ultrasound, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Haibin Tu
- Department of Ultrasound, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Lihong Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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Zheng H, Zhang T, Xu Y, Lu X, Sang X. Autoimmune hepatitis after COVID-19 vaccination. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1035073. [PMID: 36505482 PMCID: PMC9732229 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1035073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination is one of the most vigorous ways to intervene in the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. Cases of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) after coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccination have been increasingly reported. Twenty-seven cases of AIH are summarized in this study, providing emerging evidence of autoimmune reactions in response to various COVID-19 vaccines, including in patients with special disease backgrounds such as primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), liver transplantation, and previous hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment. Molecular mimicry, adjuvants, epitope spreading, bystander activation, X chromosome, and sceptical hepatotropism of SARS-CoV-2 may account for, to some extent, such autoimmune phenomena. Immunosuppressive corticosteroids perform well with or without azathioprine in such post-COVID-19-vaccination AIH. However, determination of the exact mechanism and establishment of causality require further confirmation.
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Ma ZH, Wang XM, Wu RH, Hao DL, Sun LC, Li P, Niu JQ. Serum metabolic profiling of targeted bile acids reveals potentially novel biomarkers for primary biliary cholangitis and autoimmune hepatitis. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:5764-5783. [PMID: 36338890 PMCID: PMC9627419 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i39.5764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) are two unexplained immune diseases. The golden standard for diagnosis of these diseases requires a liver biopsy. Liver biopsy is not widely accepted by patients because of its invasive nature, and atypical liver histology can confuse diagnosis. In view of the lack of effective diagnostic markers for PBC and AIH, combined with the increasingly mature metabolomics technologies, including full-contour metabolomics and target.
AIM To determine non-invasive, reliable, and sensitive biochemical markers for the differential diagnosis of PBC and AIH.
METHODS Serum samples from 54 patients with PBC, 26 patients with AIH and 30 healthy controls were analyzed by Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry serum metabolomics. The metabolites and metabolic pathways were identified, and the metabolic changes, metabolic pathways and inter-group differences between PBC and AIH were analyzed. Fifteen kinds of target metabolites of bile acids (BAs) were quantitatively analyzed by SRM, and the differential metabolites related to the diagnosis of PBC were screened by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.
RESULTS We found the changes in the levels of amino acids, BAs, organic acids, phospholipids, choline, sugar, and sugar alcohols in patients with PBC and AIH. Furthermore, the SRM assay of BAs revealed the increased levels of chenodeoxycholic acid, lithocholic acid (LCA), taurolithocholic acid (TLCA), and LCA + TLCA in the PBC group compared with those in the AIH group. The levels of BAs may be used as biomarkers to differentiate PBC from AIH diseases. The levels of glycochenodeoxycholic acid, glycochenodeoxycholic sulfate, and taurodeoxycholic acid were gradually elevated with the increase of Child-Pugh class, which was correlated with the severity of disease.
CONCLUSION The results demonstrated that the levels of BAs could serve as potential biomarkers for the early diagnosis and assessment of the severity of PBC and AIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hua Ma
- Department of Infection and Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin 132011, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Wang
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, Jilin Province, China
| | - Rui-Hong Wu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, Jilin Province, China
| | - Da-Lin Hao
- Department of Infection and Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin 132011, Jilin Province, China
| | - Li-Chao Sun
- Department of Infection and Hepatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin 132011, Jilin Province, China
| | - Pan Li
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin 132011, Jilin Province, China
| | - Jun-Qi Niu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, Jilin Province, China
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Hayashi M, Abe K, Fujita M, Takahashi A, Sekine H, Ohira H. Circulating complement factor H levels are associated with disease severity and relapse in autoimmune hepatitis. JHEP Rep 2022; 4:100497. [PMID: 35677590 PMCID: PMC9167978 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2022.100497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & Aims The complement system plays pivotal roles in innate immunity. Mannose-binding lectin-associated serine protease (MASP)-2 plays essential roles in the activation of the lectin complement pathway. Complement factor H acts as a critical negative regulator of the alternative complement pathway. The association of circulating MASP-2 and factor H with the clinical features of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is unclear. Methods A total of 63 patients with AIH were recruited for this study. The serum levels of MASP-2, factor H, and C3a were measured, and their associations with the clinical features of AIH were analyzed. Results The circulating C3a levels were higher in patients with AIH than in the controls. The circulating MASP-2 and factor H levels were decreased depending on the severity of AIH. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that low circulating factor H levels were associated with features of severe AIH (odds ratio 0.36; 95% CI 0.15-0.84; p = 0.018). Multivariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis showed that low circulating factor H levels were associated with a high incidence of relapse (hazard ratio: 5.19; 95% CI 1.07–25.2; p = 0.041). Patients with low circulating factor H levels showed higher rates of relapse than the controls (log-rank, p = 0.006). Conclusion Circulating factor H levels were associated with severe disease and with the incidence of relapse, suggesting a role for the complement system in the pathophysiology of AIH. Lay summary Autoimmune hepatitis is an immune-mediated liver disease. Despite effective treatments, patients often relapse, which can lead to clinical deterioration and adverse outcomes. Herein, we studied the importance of the complement system (a form of innate immunity) in patients with autoimmune hepatitis. We found that the levels of a protein called factor H, which regulates the complement system, could be a potential biomarker of disease severity and relapse, and could even have therapeutic potential for patients with AIH. We measured serum MASP-2 and factor H in patients with AIH. Serum MASP-2 and factor H levels were lower in patients with severe AIH. Patients with AIH and low factor H before treatment showed a high rate of relapse.
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Jiang J, He S, Liu K, Yu K, Long P, Xiao Y, Liu Y, Yu Y, Wang H, Zhou L, Zhang X, He M, Guo H, Wu T, Yuan Y. Multiple plasma metals, genetic risk and serum complement C3, C4: A gene-metal interaction study. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132801. [PMID: 34752839 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to metals and metalloids is widely related with human health, and could affect the function of immune system. The complement system links innate and adaptive immunity, and is critically involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and immune diseases. The third and fourth components of complement (C3, C4) play key roles in the complement system. However, few studies have examined the relations between multiple metals and complement levels. In this study, based on a total of 2977 participants from the Dongfeng-Tongji cohort, China, we investigated 17 plasma metals and serum C3, C4 levels, and calculated C3/C4-associated genetic risk scores (GRSs) using established single nucleotide polymorphisms. We further explored the potential gene-metal interactions on C3 and C4. After multivariable adjustment, an increment of 10-standard deviation increase in natural log-transformed exposure concentrations of plasma copper was associated with 0.549 (0.489, 0.608) (FDR <0.0001), and 1.146 (0.999, 1.294) (FDR <0.0001) higher natural log-transformed serum C3 and C4 levels, respectively. While each increment of 10-standard deviation of natural log-transformed zinc was associated with a difference of 0.083 (0.024, 0.143) (FDR = 0.049) and 0.007 (-0.138, 0.152) (FDR = 0.935) in log-transformed C3 and C4 levels, respectively. Participants with higher GRS had higher C3 and C4 levels. Furthermore, we found a significant interaction between arsenic exposure and C3-GRS in relation to C3 level (Pinteraction = 0.0096). Our results suggested that plasma arsenic would modify the association between C3 genetic predisposition and serum C3 level. We provide new insight into metals exposure on the human immune system. These findings require replication in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jiang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Shiqi He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Kuai Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Pinpin Long
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yiyi Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yanqiu Yu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Lue Zhou
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Xiaomin Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Huan Guo
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Tangchun Wu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Yu Yuan
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
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10
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B-cell activating factor and IL-21 levels predict treatment response in autoimmune hepatitis. JHEP Rep 2022; 4:100460. [PMID: 35368991 PMCID: PMC8971938 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.2022.100460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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11
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3'mRNA sequencing reveals pro-regenerative properties of c5ar1 during resolution of murine acetaminophen-induced liver injury. NPJ Regen Med 2022; 7:10. [PMID: 35087052 PMCID: PMC8795215 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-022-00206-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Murine acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury (ALI) serves as paradigmatic model for drug-induced hepatic injury and regeneration. As major cause of ALI, acetaminophen overdosing is a persistent therapeutic challenge with N-acetylcysteine clinically used to ameliorate parenchymal necrosis. To identify further treatment strategies that serve patients with poor N-acetylcysteine responses, hepatic 3′mRNA sequencing was performed in the initial resolution phase at 24 h/48 h after sublethal overdosing. This approach disclosed 45 genes upregulated (≥5-fold) within this time frame. Focusing on C5aR1, we observed in C5aR1-deficient mice disease aggravation during resolution of intoxication as evidenced by increased liver necrosis and serum alanine aminotransferase. Moreover, decreased hepatocyte compensatory proliferation and increased caspase-3 activation at the surroundings of necrotic cores were detectable in C5aR1-deficient mice. Using a non-hypothesis-driven approach, herein pro-regenerative/-resolving effects of C5aR1 were identified during late acetaminophen-induced ALI. Data concur with protection by the C5a/C5aR1-axis during hepatectomy and emphasize the complex role of inflammation during hepatic regeneration and repair.
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Zheng Y, Ran Y, Zhang H, Wang B, Zhou L. The Microbiome in Autoimmune Liver Diseases: Metagenomic and Metabolomic Changes. Front Physiol 2021; 12:715852. [PMID: 34690796 PMCID: PMC8531204 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.715852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have identified the critical role of microbiota in the pathophysiology of autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs), including autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Metagenomic studies reveal significant decrease of gut bacterial diversity in AILDs. Although profiles of metagenomic vary widely, Veillonella is commonly enriched in AIH, PBC, and PSC. Apart from gut microbiome, the oral and bile microbiome seem to be associated with these diseases as well. The functional analysis of metagenomics suggests that metabolic pathways changed in the gut microbiome of the patients. Microbial metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and microbial bile acid metabolites, have been shown to modulate innate immunity, adaptive immunity, and inflammation. Taken together, the evidence of host–microbiome interactions and in-depth mechanistic studies needs further accumulation, which will offer more possibilities to clarify the mechanisms of AILDs and provide potential molecular targets for the prevention and treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Ran
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hotan People's Hospital, Xinjiang, China
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Pisetsky DS, Lipsky PE. Reply to: Diagnostic role of anti-dsDNA antibodies: do not forget autoimmune hepatitis. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2021; 17:245. [PMID: 33462416 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-021-00574-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David S Pisetsky
- Department of Medicine and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center and Medical Research Service, VA Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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Weber SN, Lammert F. Complement in Acute Liver Failure: The Right Timing to Give a Sincere Compliment. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 11:1546-1547. [PMID: 33757763 PMCID: PMC8099675 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susanne N. Weber
- Correspondence Address correspondence to: Susanne N. Weber, PhD, Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, Kirrberger Str. 100, D 66421 Homburg, Germany.
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Nishinari K, Fang Y. Molar mass effect in food and health. Food Hydrocoll 2021; 112:106110. [PMID: 32895590 PMCID: PMC7467918 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2020.106110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
It is demanded to supply foods with good quality for all the humans. With the advent of aging society, palatable and healthy foods are required to improve the quality of life and reduce the burden of finance for medical expenditure. Food hydrocolloids can contribute to this demand by versatile functions such as thickening, gelling, stabilising, and emulsifying, controlling texture and flavour release in food processing. Molar mass effects on viscosity and diffusion in liquid foods, and on mechanical and other physical properties of solid and semi-solid foods and films are overviewed. In these functions, the molar mass is one of the key factors, and therefore, the effects of molar mass on various health problems related to noncommunicable diseases or symptoms such as cancer, hyperlipidemia, hyperglycemia, constipation, high blood pressure, knee pain, osteoporosis, cystic fibrosis and dysphagia are described. Understanding these problems only from the viewpoint of molar mass is limited since other structural characteristics, conformation, branching, blockiness in copolymers such as pectin and alginate, degree of substitution as well as the position of the substituents are sometimes the determining factor rather than the molar mass. Nevertheless, comparison of different behaviours and functions in different polymers from the viewpoint of molar mass is expected to be useful to find a common characteristics, which may be helpful to understand the mechanism in other problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuyoshi Nishinari
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloids Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, PR China
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, 558-6565, Japan
| | - Yapeng Fang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, PR China
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Chi H, Hao W, Qi X, Zhang T, Dong Y, Gao H, Wei C, Shi W. A proteomic approach towards understanding the pathogenesis of Mooren's ulcer. Exp Eye Res 2021; 205:108509. [PMID: 33647271 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2021.108509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Mooren's ulcer (MU) is a refractory autoimmune corneal ulcer with a high recurrence rate. So far, its molecular profiles and pathomechanisms remain largely unknown. Therefore, we aim to characterize the protein profiles of MU specimens by data-independent-acquisition (DIA) mass spectrometry (MS), and to define the functions of differentially-expressed proteins (DEPs). Through LC-MS/MS, 550 DEPs were identified between MU biopsies and age-matched controls (Ctrl). KEGG analysis revealed that the significantly enriched pathways of the up-regulated proteins mainly covered lysosomes, antigen processing and presentation, and phagosomes. We subsequently validated the expressions of the selected candidates using parallel-reaction-monitoring (PRM)-based MS and immunohistochemistry (IHC), including cathepsins, TIMP3, MMP-10, MYOC, PIGR, CD74, CAT, SOD2, and SOD3. Moreover, immunoglobulin (Ig) components and B lymphocytes associated proteins MZB1, HSPA5, and LAP3 in MU were significantly increased and validated by PRM-based MS and IHC. The remarkable enrichment of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) components in MU samples was also identified and determined. The up-regulated Ig components and NETs components suggested that B lymphocytes and neutrophils participated in the immunopathology of MU. Importantly, we also identified and validated much more expression of peptidyl arginine deiminase 4 (PADI4) in MU samples. The double-immunofluorescence staining showed the co-localization of citrulline residues with MPO, NE, and IgG in MU samples. These results indicated the presences of PADI4-mediated citrullination modification and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) in MU samples. Our findings, for the first time, provide a global proteomic signature of MU, which may open a new avenue towards disease pathology and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chi
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Wenpei Hao
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Xia Qi
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yanling Dong
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Hua Gao
- Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Chao Wei
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China.
| | - Weiyun Shi
- State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China; Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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Guo H, Yan Z, Hu Y, Huang X, Pan C. Complement C7 is Specifically Expressed in Mesangial Cells and is a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker for Diabetic Nephropathy and is Regulated by miR-494-3p and miR-574-5p. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:3077-3088. [PMID: 34262312 PMCID: PMC8273746 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s311725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease, but it remains relatively underdiagnosed. OBJECTIVE In this study, we aimed to explore the key regulatory pathways and potential biomarkers related to DN using integrated bioinformatics analysis and validation. METHODS First, the microarray data of the GSE30528 and GSE96804 datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened. Then, weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA), gene ontology (GO) annotation, gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses were performed to identify key pathways and genes. qRT-PCR and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to validate our results. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data were reanalyzed to investigate the expression specificity of C7 in DN cells. An online database search and luciferase reporter assay identified the target relationship between miRNAs and C7. RESULTS The "complement and coagulation cascades" were significantly enriched, and complement C3 and C7 were candidate markers. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve revealed that C7 had significant diagnostic value (AUC=0.865) in DN. Through scRNA-seq reanalysis, we found that C7 was specifically elevated in mesangial (MES) cells of DN. Moreover, we found that the expression of C7 was regulated by miR-494-3p and miR-574-5p. CONCLUSION This is the first study to reveal that C7 is specifically expressed in mesangial cells, is a potential diagnostic biomarker for diabetic nephropathy, and is regulated by miR-494-3p and miR-574-5p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Guo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiyue Yan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yonghui Hu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xitong Huang
- Department of TCM, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 211100, People’s Republic of China
| | - Congqing Pan
- NHC Key Laboratory of Hormones and Development, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Metabolic Diseases, Chu Hsien-I Memorial Hospital & Tianjin Institute of Endocrinology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300134, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Congqing Pan Email
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