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İnal N, Kurumanastırlı B, Taşkınoğlu T, Duran AÇ, Togay A, Sarıgüzel FM, Kaşifoğlu N, Soylu M, Doğan Y, Us E, Sarıbaş Z, Kaklıkkaya N, Şener B. Retrospective evaluation of "Rods and Rings" pattern detected in the anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) test. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1359030. [PMID: 38911869 PMCID: PMC11190083 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1359030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anti-rods and rings (anti-RR) antibodies have recently been described as a cytoplasmic pattern in IIF-based screening of autoantibodies on HEp-2 cells and ICAP has named it as AC-23. It is most frequently related to drug-induced antibody generation. This study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of AC-23 positivity and its relevance to the diagnosis and/or follow-up of the associated diseases and/or drug use. Methods A multicenter retrospective study was conducted among 10 hospitals from six different provinces in Türkiye from January 2017 to December 2021. The laboratory data and clinical information of 600 patients with positive anti-RR antibodies out of 547.558 HEp-2 IIF ANA samples were analyzed. Results The distribution of AC-23 positive patients by year indicated a steady increase between 2017-2021. Anti-RR prevalence in post-COVID-19 period was significantly higher than that of pre-COVID-19 period (p=0.00). Concomitant ANA positivity was detected in 56.5% of patients, the most common patterns being AC-4 and AC-5 (41.1%). The most frequent pathology among the anti-RR positive patients was an autoimmune disease (19.83%); 28.57% of which had rheumatoid arthritis and 17.65% autoimmune liver disease. Among the 600 patients, 65 (10.83%) were diagnosed as hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Available data for 38 of the HCV patients revealed that 71.05% of them had a history of interferon alfa+ribavirin and 28.95% of them had a history of NS3/4/5A/5B polymerase inhibitor or protease inhibitor drug use. Significant increase in the rate of anti-RR positivity was observed in the post-COVID-19 period when compared to pre-COVID-19 period (p:0.00). Discussion This is the first multicenter study in Türkiye about the clinical association of anti-RR antibodies which may be ignored during routine HEp-2 IIF testing. Pathologies other than HCV should be taken into consideration in terms of the possible role of anti-RR in autoimmune diseases and other pathologies. The preliminary data obtained in this study suggest that anti-RR antibody development might also be associated to COVID-19, supporting the several previous data related to the potential of viruses triggering the formation of autoantibodies. Large-scale prospective studies should elucidate the clinical significance of RR pattern and determine its role in patient diagnosis and follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neşe İnal
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Berke Kurumanastırlı
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Tutku Taşkınoğlu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Ankara Düzen Laboratories, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Alev Çetin Duran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Health Sciences University Balıkesir Atatürk City Hospital, Balıkesir, Türkiye
| | - Alper Togay
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Health Sciences University İzmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Fatma Mutlu Sarıgüzel
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Türkiye
| | - Nilgün Kaşifoğlu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Eskişehir Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Soylu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Yavuz Doğan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Dokuz Eylül University Faculty of Medicine, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Ebru Us
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Zeynep Sarıbaş
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Neşe Kaklıkkaya
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Karadeniz Technical University Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Türkiye
| | - Burçin Şener
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
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Rausio H, Cervera A, Heuser VD, West G, Oikkonen J, Pianfetti E, Lovino M, Ficarra E, Taimen P, Hynninen J, Lehtonen R, Hautaniemi S, Carpén O, Huhtinen K. PIK3R1 fusion drives chemoresistance in ovarian cancer by activating ERK1/2 and inducing rod and ring-like structures. Neoplasia 2024; 51:100987. [PMID: 38489912 PMCID: PMC10955102 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2024.100987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Gene fusions are common in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC). Such genetic lesions may promote tumorigenesis, but the pathogenic mechanisms are currently poorly understood. Here, we investigated the role of a PIK3R1-CCDC178 fusion identified from a patient with advanced HGSC. We show that the fusion induces HGSC cell migration by regulating ERK1/2 and increases resistance to platinum treatment. Platinum resistance was associated with rod and ring-like cellular structure formation. These structures contained, in addition to the fusion protein, CIN85, a key regulator of PI3K-AKT-mTOR signaling. Our data suggest that the fusion-driven structure formation induces a previously unrecognized cell survival and resistance mechanism, which depends on ERK1/2-activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Rausio
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Drug Research Doctoral Programme (DRDP), University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Alejandra Cervera
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Genómica Computacional, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vanina D Heuser
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Gun West
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jaana Oikkonen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Elena Pianfetti
- Department of Engineering, Enzo Ferrari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Marta Lovino
- Department of Engineering, Enzo Ferrari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisa Ficarra
- Department of Engineering, Enzo Ferrari, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Pekka Taimen
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Department of Pathology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Johanna Hynninen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Rainer Lehtonen
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sampsa Hautaniemi
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Olli Carpén
- Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Pathology, University of Helsinki and HUSLAB, University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kaisa Huhtinen
- Institute of Biomedicine and FICAN West Cancer Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; Research Program in Systems Oncology, Research Programs Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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3
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Calise SJ, O’Neill AG, Burrell AL, Dickinson MS, Molfino J, Clarke C, Quispe J, Sokolov D, Buey RM, Kollman JM. Light-sensitive phosphorylation regulates retinal IMPDH1 activity and filament assembly. J Cell Biol 2024; 223:e202310139. [PMID: 38323936 PMCID: PMC10849882 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202310139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in guanosine triphosphate (GTP) synthesis and assembles into filaments in cells, which desensitizes the enzyme to feedback inhibition and boosts nucleotide production. The vertebrate retina expresses two splice variants IMPDH1(546) and IMPDH1(595). In bovine retinas, residue S477 is preferentially phosphorylated in the dark, but the effects on IMPDH1 activity and regulation are unclear. Here, we generated phosphomimetic mutants to investigate structural and functional consequences of S477 phosphorylation. The S477D mutation resensitized both variants to GTP inhibition but only blocked assembly of IMPDH1(595) filaments. Cryo-EM structures of both variants showed that S477D specifically blocks assembly of a high-activity assembly interface, still allowing assembly of low-activity IMPDH1(546) filaments. Finally, we discovered that S477D exerts a dominant-negative effect in cells, preventing endogenous IMPDH filament assembly. By modulating the structure and higher-order assembly of IMPDH, S477 phosphorylation acts as a mechanism for downregulating retinal GTP synthesis in the dark when nucleotide turnover is decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. John Calise
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Audrey G. O’Neill
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anika L. Burrell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Josephine Molfino
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charlie Clarke
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joel Quispe
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David Sokolov
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rubén M. Buey
- Metabolic Engineering Group, Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Justin M. Kollman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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4
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Ayoub N, Gedeon A, Munier-Lehmann H. A journey into the regulatory secrets of the de novo purine nucleotide biosynthesis. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1329011. [PMID: 38444943 PMCID: PMC10912719 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1329011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
De novo purine nucleotide biosynthesis (DNPNB) consists of sequential reactions that are majorly conserved in living organisms. Several regulation events take place to maintain physiological concentrations of adenylate and guanylate nucleotides in cells and to fine-tune the production of purine nucleotides in response to changing cellular demands. Recent years have seen a renewed interest in the DNPNB enzymes, with some being highlighted as promising targets for therapeutic molecules. Herein, a review of two newly revealed modes of regulation of the DNPNB pathway has been carried out: i) the unprecedent allosteric regulation of one of the limiting enzymes of the pathway named inosine 5'-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), and ii) the supramolecular assembly of DNPNB enzymes. Moreover, recent advances that revealed the therapeutic potential of DNPNB enzymes in bacteria could open the road for the pharmacological development of novel antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Ayoub
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, INSERM UMRS-1124, Paris, France
| | - Antoine Gedeon
- Sorbonne Université, École Normale Supérieure, Université PSL, CNRS UMR7203, Laboratoire des Biomolécules, LBM, Paris, France
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Woulfe J, Munoz DG, Gray DA, Jinnah HA, Ivanova A. Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase intranuclear inclusions are markers of aging and neuronal stress in the human substantia nigra. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 134:43-56. [PMID: 37992544 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
We explored mechanisms involved in the age-dependent degeneration of human substantia nigra (SN) dopamine (DA) neurons. Owing to its important metabolic functions in post-mitotic neurons, we investigated the developmental and age-associated changes in the purine biosynthetic enzyme inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH). Tissue microarrays prepared from post-mortem samples of SN from 85 neurologically intact participants humans spanning the age spectrum were immunostained for IMPDH combined with other proteins. SN DA neurons contained two types of IMPDH structures: cytoplasmic IMPDH filaments and intranuclear IMPDH inclusions. The former were not age-restricted and may represent functional units involved in sustaining purine nucleotide supply in these highly metabolically active cells. The latter showed age-associated changes, including crystallization, features reminiscent of pathological inclusion bodies, and spatial associations with Marinesco bodies; structures previously associated with SN neuron dysfunction and death. We postulate dichotomous roles for these two subcellularly distinct IMPDH structures and propose a nucleus-based model for a novel mechanism of SN senescence that is independent of previously known neurodegeneration-associated proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Woulfe
- Neuroscience Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - David G Munoz
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute & Department of Laboratory Medicine & Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Douglas A Gray
- Center for Cancer Therapeutics, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hyder A Jinnah
- Departments of Neurology, Human Genetics & Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alyona Ivanova
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Center, The Hospital for Sick Children and Neurosurgery Research Department, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto Unity Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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6
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Yin Y, Yu H, Wang X, Hu Q, Liu Z, Luo D, Yang X. Cytoophidia: a conserved yet promising mode of enzyme regulation in nucleotide metabolism. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:245. [PMID: 38300325 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09208-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Nucleotide biosynthesis encompasses both de novo and salvage synthesis pathways, each characterized by significant material and procedural distinctions. Despite these differences, cells with elevated nucleotide demands exhibit a preference for the more intricate de novo synthesis pathway, intricately linked to modes of enzyme regulation. In this study, we primarily scrutinize the biological importance of a conserved yet promising mode of enzyme regulation in nucleotide metabolism-cytoophidia. Cytoophidia, comprising cytidine triphosphate synthase or inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase, is explored across diverse biological models, including yeasts, Drosophila, mice, and human cancer cell lines. Additionally, we delineate potential biomedical applications of cytoophidia. As our understanding of cytoophidia deepens, the roles of enzyme compartmentalization and polymerization in various biochemical processes will unveil, promising profound impacts on both research and the treatment of metabolism-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yin
- School of Queen Mary, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Huanhuan Yu
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Thyroid Surgery Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiaohao Hu
- The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhuoqi Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China
| | - Daya Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Jiangxi, China.
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Toyoda S, Handa T, Yong H, Takahashi H, Shiwaku H. IMPDH2 forms spots at branching sites and distal ends of astrocyte stem processes. Genes Cells 2024; 29:150-158. [PMID: 38009721 DOI: 10.1111/gtc.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is a rate-limiting enzyme in the de novo GTP biosynthesis pathway. Recent studies suggest that IMPDH2, an isoform of IMPDH, can localize to specific subcellular compartments under certain conditions and regulate site-specific GTP availability and small GTPase activity in invasive cancer cells. However, it is unclear whether IMPDH2 plays a site-specific regulatory role in subcellular functions in healthy cells. In this study, we focused on brain cells and examined the localization pattern of IMPDH2. We discovered that IMPDH2 forms localized spots in the astrocytes of the adult mouse hippocampus. Further analysis of spot distribution in primary astrocyte cultures revealed that IMPDH2 spots are predominantly localized on branching sites and distal ends of astrocyte stem processes. Our findings suggest a potential unidentified role for IMPDH2 and GTP synthesis specifically at specialized nodes of astrocyte branches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saori Toyoda
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takehisa Handa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Huang Yong
- Department of Neuropathology, Medical Research Institute and Center for Brain Integration Research, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Takahashi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shiwaku
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, Tokyo, Japan
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8
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Calise SJ, O’Neill AG, Burrell AL, Dickinson MS, Molfino J, Clarke C, Quispe J, Sokolov D, Buey RM, Kollman JM. Light-sensitive phosphorylation regulates enzyme activity and filament assembly of human IMPDH1 retinal splice variants. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.21.558867. [PMID: 37790411 PMCID: PMC10542554 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.21.558867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is the rate-limiting enzyme in de novo guanosine triphosphate (GTP) synthesis and is controlled by feedback inhibition and allosteric regulation. IMPDH assembles into micron-scale filaments in cells, which desensitizes the enzyme to feedback inhibition by GTP and boosts nucleotide production. The vertebrate retina expresses two tissue-specific splice variants IMPDH1(546) and IMPDH1(595). IMPDH1(546) filaments adopt high and low activity conformations, while IMPDH1(595) filaments maintain high activity. In bovine retinas, residue S477 is preferentially phosphorylated in the dark, but the effects on IMPDH1 activity and regulation are unclear. Here, we generated phosphomimetic mutants to investigate structural and functional consequences of phosphorylation in IMPDH1 variants. The S477D mutation re-sensitized both variants to GTP inhibition, but only blocked assembly of IMPDH1(595) filaments and not IMPDH1(546) filaments. Cryo-EM structures of both variants showed that S477D specifically blocks assembly of the high activity assembly interface, still allowing assembly of low activity IMPDH1(546) filaments. Finally, we discovered that S477D exerts a dominant-negative effect in cells, preventing endogenous IMPDH filament assembly. By modulating the structure and higher-order assembly of IMPDH, phosphorylation at S477 acts as a mechanism for downregulating retinal GTP synthesis in the dark, when nucleotide turnover is decreased. Like IMPDH1, many other metabolic enzymes dynamically assemble filamentous polymers that allosterically regulate activity. Our work suggests that posttranslational modifications may be yet another layer of regulatory control to finely tune activity by modulating filament assembly in response to changing metabolic demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. John Calise
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Audrey G. O’Neill
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Anika L. Burrell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Josephine Molfino
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Charlie Clarke
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Joel Quispe
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - David Sokolov
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rubén M. Buey
- Metabolic Engineering Group, Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Justin M. Kollman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Staruszkiewicz M, Pituch-Noworolska A, Skoczen S. Uncommon types of autoantibodies - Detection and clinical associations. Autoimmun Rev 2023; 22:103263. [PMID: 36563770 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Immunofluorescence is a basic method for detection of autoantibodies in serum. It is used as screening for people with symptoms suggesting autoimmune process and disease. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) assay detecting antibodies against nuclear proteins used commonly for diagnosis of systemic autoimmune disease, although antibodies against cytoplasmic components and mitotic structures are usable in clinic. The majority of ANA nuclear patterns have been comprehensively studied with increasing data. However, the cytoplasmic and mitotic patterns are underestimated and still require further assessment. In this review the clinical associations and significance of uncommon types of autoantibodies are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Szymon Skoczen
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and Haematology, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Krakow, Poland; Department of Oncology and Haematology, University Children's Hospital, Krakow, Poland.
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Gu Y, Li S, Wang Z, Yang D. The value of anti-rods and rings antibodies in Chinese population of Dalian City: A retrospective study. Scand J Immunol 2023; 97:e13254. [PMID: 36626120 DOI: 10.1111/sji.13254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the clinical significance of anti-rods and rings (anti-RR) antibodies in antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) test samples retrospectively. The laboratory data and clinical details of patients with positive anti-RR antibodies were collected and analysed between December 2017 and May 2022 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University. A total of 72 665 patients were tested for ANAs. There were 45 632 patients discovered with positive ANAs (62.80%), only 131 patients presented with anti-RR antibodies (0.18%), among which only 68 patients were hospitalized patients with a definitive diagnosis. Among the 68 patients with a definitive diagnosis, 8 of 68 (11.8%) had autoimmune diseases, and 19 of 68 (27.9%) had renal diseases. Other diseases included liver disease, pulmonary disease, cerebral ischemia, cerebral infarction, chronic cardiac failure and venous thromboembolism. The detection rate of high titre(≥1:1000) anti-RR antibodies is significantly higher in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Si Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Darekar S, Laín S. Asymmetric inheritance of cytoophidia could contribute to determine cell fate and plasticity: The onset of alternative differentiation patterns in daughter cells may rely on the acquisition of either CTPS or IMPDH cytoophidia: The onset of alternative differentiation patterns in daughter cells may rely on the acquisition of either CTPS or IMPDH cytoophidia. Bioessays 2022; 44:e2200128. [PMID: 36209393 DOI: 10.1002/bies.202200128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Two enzymes involved in the synthesis of pyrimidine and purine nucleotides, CTP synthase (CTPS) and IMP dehydrogenase (IMPDH), can assemble into a single or very few large filaments called rods and rings (RR) or cytoophidia. Most recently, asymmetric cytoplasmic distribution of organelles during cell division has been described as a decisive event in hematopoietic stem cell fate. We propose that cytoophidia, which could be considered as membrane-less organelles, may also be distributed asymmetrically during mammalian cell division as previously described for Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Furthermore, because each type of nucleotide intervenes in distinct processes (e.g., membrane synthesis, glycosylation, and G protein-signaling), alterations in the rate of synthesis of specific nucleotide types could influence cell differentiation in multiple ways. Therefore, we hypothesize that whether a daughter cell inherits or not CTPS or IMPDH filaments determines its fate and that this asymmetric inheritance, together with the dynamic nature of these structures enables plasticity in a cell population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhas Darekar
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sonia Laín
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC), Biomedicum, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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Kayser C, Dutra LA, Dos Reis-Neto ET, Castro CHDM, Fritzler MJ, Andrade LEC. The Role of Autoantibody Testing in Modern Personalized Medicine. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2022; 63:251-288. [PMID: 35244870 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-021-08918-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Personalized medicine (PM) aims individualized approach to prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Precision Medicine applies the paradigm of PM by defining groups of individuals with akin characteristics. Often the two terms have been used interchangeably. The quest for PM has been advancing for centuries as traditional nosology classification defines groups of clinical conditions with relatively similar prognoses and treatment options. However, any individual is characterized by a unique set of multiple characteristics and therefore the achievement of PM implies the determination of myriad demographic, epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and imaging parameters. The accelerated identification of numerous biological variables associated with diverse health conditions contributes to the fulfillment of one of the pre-requisites for PM. The advent of multiplex analytical platforms contributes to the determination of thousands of biological parameters using minute amounts of serum or other biological matrixes. Finally, big data analysis and machine learning contribute to the processing and integration of the multiplexed data at the individual level, allowing for the personalized definition of susceptibility, diagnosis, prognosis, prevention, and treatment. Autoantibodies are traditional biomarkers for autoimmune diseases and can contribute to PM in many aspects, including identification of individuals at risk, early diagnosis, disease sub-phenotyping, definition of prognosis, and treatment, as well as monitoring disease activity. Herein we address how autoantibodies can promote PM in autoimmune diseases using the examples of systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren syndrome, systemic sclerosis, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, autoimmune hepatitis, primary biliary cholangitis, and autoimmune neurologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Kayser
- Rheumatology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marvin J Fritzler
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Luis Eduardo C Andrade
- Rheumatology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. .,Immunology Division, Fleury Medicine and Health Laboratories, São Paulo, Brazil.
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13
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Meng J, Yang G, Li S, Luo Y, Bai Y, Deng C, Song N, Li M, Zeng X, Hu C. The clinical value of indirect immunofluorescence for screening anti-rods and rings antibodies: A retrospective study of two centers in China. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1007257. [PMID: 36238277 PMCID: PMC9552219 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1007257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the distribution and clinical significance of the rods and rings (RR) pattern in various diseases. Methods A total of 169,891 patients in Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) and 29,458 patients in Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital (IMPH) from January 2018 to December 2020 were included, and the results of ANA (antinuclear antibodies) and special antibodies were analyzed retrospectively. Results The positive rates of ANA and RR patterns were 34.84%, 0.16% in PUMCH, and 44.73%, 0.23% in IMPH. Anti-RR antibodies mainly appear in adults (≥ 41 years), mostly of low or medium fluorescence titers. Isolated RR patterns were mostly presented (60.30% and 69.12%, respectively), and the RR pattern mixed with the speckled pattern was most commonly observed among patients having two or more patterns. The RR pattern existed in a variety of diseases including hepatitis C, AIDs, pulmonary diseases, nephropathy diseases, and even healthy people. The highest prevalence of the RR pattern was observed in hepatic diseases, such as hepatic dysfunction (0.79%), hepatic cirrhosis (1.05%), PBC (0.85%), and AIH (0.65%), etc. The positive rate of specific antibodies in RR pattern cases was 31.25%, and anti-Ro52 (27, 20.61%) was the most common target antibody. Conclusion The RR pattern had a low prevalence in ANAs test samples and varied in different nationalities and regions. Except for hepatitis C, it could be observed in AIDs, pulmonary diseases, nephropathy, other hepatic diseases, and even healthy people, but the positive rate was slightly higher in hepatic diseases. Its mechanism of action and clinical relevance still need clarification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Meng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guoxiang Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Inner Mongolia People’s Hospital, Hohhot, China
| | - Siting Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Yueming Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- Jiangmen Wuyi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) (Affiliated Jiangmen TCM Hospital of Ji’nan University), Jiangmen, China
| | - Yina Bai
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Chuiwen Deng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Song
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Mengtao Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Chaojun Hu, ; Xiaofeng Zeng,
| | - Chaojun Hu
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Clinical Research Center for Dermatologic and Immunologic Diseases (NCRC-DID), Ministry of Science & Technology, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Chaojun Hu, ; Xiaofeng Zeng,
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14
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Wolff DW, Bianchi-Smiraglia A, Nikiforov MA. Compartmentalization and regulation of GTP in control of cellular phenotypes. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:758-769. [PMID: 35718686 PMCID: PMC9420775 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of enzymes involved in GTP biosynthesis has substantial biological effects, underlining the need to better understand the function of GTP levels in regulation of cellular processes and the significance of targeting GTP biosynthesis enzymes for therapeutic intervention. Our current understanding of spatiotemporal regulation of GTP metabolism and its role in physiological and pathological cellular processes is far from complete. Novel methodologies such as genetically encoded sensors of free GTP offered insights into intracellular distribution and function of GTP molecules. In the current Review, we provide analysis of recent discoveries in the field of GTP metabolism and evaluate the key enzymes as molecular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Wolff
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
| | - Anna Bianchi-Smiraglia
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14203, USA
| | - Mikhail A Nikiforov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Pratt School of Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
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15
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Romano C, Tortorella O, Dalla Mora L, Di Stasio D, Sellitto A, Adinolfi LE, Marrone A. Prevalence and Outcome of Serum Autoantibodies in Chronic Hepatitis C Patients Undergoing Direct-Acting Antiviral Treatment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:882064. [PMID: 35479086 PMCID: PMC9038215 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.882064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundChronic immune stimulation by hepatitis C virus (HCV) may cause occurrence of several autoantibodies in infected patients, with or without features of clinically overt autoimmune diseases. The recent introduction of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) has dramatically changed the natural history of chronic HCV infection. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of DAA therapy on serum autoantibodies in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients.MethodsThe medical records of 113 CHC patients were reviewed to assess autoantibody behavior following DAA-directed HCV eradication. Statistical analysis was performed to assess correlations between DAA treatment and autoantibody titers, HCV genotypes, and viral loads.ResultsAnti-nuclear (ANA), anti-smooth muscle cell (ASMA) and anti-mitochondrial (AMA) antibody testing was available in 77 patients; 31 out of 77 patients (40%) had one or more serum autoantibodies prior to treatment. Measurement of autoantibody titers before and after HCV eradication was performed in 20 of 31 patients. DAA treatment significantly affected ANA and ASMA titers, leading to disappearance or reduction of autoantibody titers; conversely, AMA were not influenced by DAA treatment. No correlations were observed between autoantibody specificity and both HCV genotypes and viral loads at baseline. Likewise, serum autoantibody titers were independent of HCV genotypes.ConclusionsDAA-directed HCV clearance may interrupt chronic immune stimulation by removing the drive for autoantibody induction. The isolated persistence of autoantibodies in the small fraction of patients who did not show clearance following DAA treatment may require long-term vigilance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ciro Romano
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Campania, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ciro Romano,
| | - Olga Tortorella
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Liliana Dalla Mora
- Department of Precision Medicine, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Di Stasio
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical and Dental Specialties, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Ausilia Sellitto
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Elio Adinolfi
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Campania, Naples, Italy
| | - Aldo Marrone
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences, “Luigi Vanvitelli” University of Campania, Naples, Italy
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16
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IMPDH dysregulation in disease: a mini review. Biochem Soc Trans 2022; 50:71-82. [PMID: 35191957 PMCID: PMC9022972 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inosine-5′-monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) is a highly conserved enzyme in purine metabolism that is tightly regulated on multiple levels. IMPDH has a critical role in purine biosynthesis, where it regulates flux at the branch point between adenine and guanine nucleotide synthesis, but it also has a role in transcription regulation and other moonlighting functions have been described. Vertebrates have two isoforms, IMPDH1 and IMPDH2, and point mutations in each are linked to human disease. Mutations in IMPDH2 in humans are associated with neurodevelopmental disease, but the effects of mutations at the enzyme level have not yet been characterized. Mutations in IMPDH1 lead to retinal degeneration in humans, and recent studies have characterized how they cause functional defects in regulation. IMPDH1 is expressed as two unique splice variants in the retina, a tissue with very high and specific demands for purine nucleotides. Recent studies have revealed functional differences among splice variants, demonstrating that retinal variants up-regulate guanine nucleotide synthesis by reducing sensitivity to feedback inhibition by downstream products. A better understanding of the role of IMPDH1 in the retina and the characterization of an animal disease model will be critical for determining the molecular mechanism of IMPDH1-associated blindness.
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17
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Autoimmune obsessive-compulsive disorder with novel anti-CNS autoantibodies in cerebrospinal fluid. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:3926-3928. [PMID: 35831487 PMCID: PMC9718664 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01688-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Andrade LEC, Damoiseaux J, Vergani D, Fritzler MJ. Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) as a criterion for classification and diagnosis of systemic autoimmune diseases. J Transl Autoimmun 2022; 5:100145. [PMID: 35128372 PMCID: PMC8804266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2022.100145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The classification and diagnosis of systemic autoimmune diseases are frequently based on a collection of criteria composed of clinical, laboratory, imaging, and pathology elements that are strongly associated with the respective disease. Autoantibodies are a distinctive hallmark and have a prominent position in the classification criteria of many autoimmune diseases. The indirect immunofluorescence assay on HEp-2 cells (HEp-2 IFA), historically known as the antinuclear antibody test, is a method capable of detecting a wide spectrum of autoantibodies. A positive HEp-2 IFA test is part of the classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), as well as the diagnostic criteria for autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). A positive HEp-2 IFA test can appear as different morphological patterns that are indicative of the most probable autoantibody specificities in the sample. Only some of the HEp-2 IFA patterns are associated with the specific autoantibodies relevant to SLE, JIA, AIH, and PBC, whereas some other patterns occur mainly in non-related conditions and even in apparently healthy individuals. This paper provides a critical review on the subject and proposes that the classification and diagnostic criteria for SLE, JIA, AIH, and PBC could be improved by a modification on the HEp-2 IFA (ANA) criterion in that the staining patterns accepted for each of these diseases should be restricted according to the respective relevant autoantibody specificities. Autoantibodies play a prominent role in the classification or diagnostic criteria of many autoimmune diseases. ANA test is part of the classification criteria for SLE and JIA, as well as the diagnostic criteria for AIH. Different HEp-2 IFA patterns indicate different autoantibodies and only some are associated with a specific disease. ANA classification/diagnostic criteria should reflect the HEp-2 IFA patterns associated to the relevant autoantibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Eduardo C. Andrade
- Rheumatology Division, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Immunology Division, Fleury Medicine and Health Laboratories, São Paulo, Brazil
- Corresponding author. Rua Luis de França Jr 201, casa 8. São Paulo, SP, CEP 04648-070, Brazil.
| | - Jan Damoiseaux
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Diego Vergani
- King's College London Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine at King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
- Institute of Liver Studies, MowatLabs, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marvin J. Fritzler
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Ahangari N, Munoz DG, Coulombe J, Gray DA, Engle EC, Cheng L, Woulfe J. Nuclear IMPDH Filaments in Human Gliomas. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2021; 80:944-954. [PMID: 34498062 PMCID: PMC8560559 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlab090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The analysis of nuclear morphology plays an important role in glioma diagnosis and grading. We previously described intranuclear rods (rods) labeled with the SDL.3D10 monoclonal antibody against class III beta-tubulin (TUBB3) in human ependymomas. In a cohort of adult diffuse gliomas, we identified nuclear rods in 71.1% of IDH mutant lower-grade gliomas and 13.7% of IDH wild-type glioblastomas (GBMs). The presence of nuclear rods was associated with significantly longer postoperative survival in younger (≤65) GBM patients. Consistent with this, nuclear rods were mutually exclusive with Ki67 staining and their prevalence in cell nuclei inversely correlated with the Ki67 proliferation index. In addition, rod-containing nuclei showed a relative depletion of lamin B1, suggesting a possible association with senescence. To gain insight into their functional significance, we addressed their antigenic properties. Using a TUBB3-null mouse model, we demonstrate that the SDL.3D10 antibody does not bind TUBB3 in rods but recognizes an unknown antigen. In the present study, we show that rods show immunoreactivity for the nucleotide synthesizing enzymes inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH) and cytidine triphosphate synthetase. By analogy with the IMPDH filaments that have been described previously, we postulate that rods regulate the activity of nucleotide-synthesizing enzymes in the nucleus by sequestration, with important implications for glioma behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Ahangari
- From the Department of Pathology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David G Munoz
- From the Department of Pathology, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Josee Coulombe
- Center for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Douglas A Gray
- Center for Cancer Therapeutics, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elizabeth C Engle
- Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Long Cheng
- Departments of Neurology and Ophthalmology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - John Woulfe
- Center for Cancer Therapeutics and Neurosciences, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Katayama S, Kubota T, Takahashi H, Shiwaku H. Anti-rods/rings autoantibodies in a patient with pancreatic injury. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 21:102922. [PMID: 34418537 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Katayama
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Kubota
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hidehiko Takahashi
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroki Shiwaku
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Graduate School, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
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Ni S, Zhang T, Zhou C, Long M, Hou X, You L, Li H, Shi L, Su YQ. Coordinated Formation of IMPDH2 Cytoophidium in Mouse Oocytes and Granulosa Cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:690536. [PMID: 34124077 PMCID: PMC8194064 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.690536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), the rate-limiting enzyme catalyzing de novo biosynthesis of guanine nucleotides, aggregates under certain circumstances into a type of non-membranous filamentous macrostructure termed “cytoophidium” or “rod and ring” in several types of cells. However, the biological significance and underlying mechanism of IMPDH assembling into cytoophidium remain elusive. In mouse ovaries, IMPDH is reported to be crucial for the maintenance of oocyte–follicle developmental synchrony by providing GTP substrate for granulosa cell natriuretic peptide C/natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPPC/NPR2) system to produce cGMP for sustaining oocyte meiotic arrest. Oocytes and the associated somatic cells in the ovary hence render an exciting model system for exploring the functional significance of formation of IMPDH cytoophidium within the cell. We report here that IMPDH2 cytoophidium forms in vivo in the growing oocytes naturally and in vitro in the cumulus-enclosed oocytes treated with IMPDH inhibitor mycophenolic acid (MPA). Inhibition of IMPDH activity in oocytes and preimplantation embryos compromises oocyte meiotic and developmental competences and the development of embryos beyond the 4-cell stage, respectively. IMPDH cytoopidium also forms in vivo in the granulosa cells of the preovulatory follicles after the surge of luteinizing hormone (LH), which coincides with the resumption of oocyte meiosis and the reduction of IMPDH2 protein expression. In cultured COCs, MPA-treatment causes the simultaneous formation of IMPDH cytoopidium in cumulus cells and the resumption of meiosis in oocytes, which is mediated by the MTOR pathway and is prevented by guanosine supplementation. Therefore, our results indicate that cytoophidia do form in the oocytes and granulosa cells at particular stages of development, which may contribute to the oocyte acquisition of meiotic and developmental competences and the induction of meiosis re-initiation by the LH surge, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwen Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Teng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenmin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Min Long
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Liji You
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lanying Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - You-Qiang Su
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.,Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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22
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Peker BO, Şener AG, Topal F, Sarıtaş Yüksel E. The relevance between anti-rods/rings antibody and different treatment regimens in chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Microbiol Immunol 2021; 65:171-177. [PMID: 33538354 DOI: 10.1111/1348-0421.12879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The antibodies and other issues associated with immunity in chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) have been widely investigated, especially non-organ-specific antinuclear antibodies. Rods-rings (RR) antibody patterns are frequently observed due to pegylated IFN-α (PEG-IFN)/ribavirin (RBV) treatment by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF). We evaluated the relevance between anti-RR and PEG-IFN/RBV and/or direct-acting antiviral (DAA) regimens in chronic HCV. Sampling was done after achieving a sustained virological response (SVR) for 178 patients (aged >18 years). Patients were grouped according to treatment protocols (Group 1 [G1]: PEG-IFN/RBV [n = 53], Group 2 [G2]: PEG-IFN/RBV and Telaprevir or Boceprevir [n = 31], Group 3 [G3]: second- and third-wave DAA and previously received PEG-IFN/RBV (n = 38), and Group 4 [G4]: second- and third-wave DAA [n = 56]). Anti-RR was investigated by IIF (Euroimmun AG) test. Overall, 27 (15.16%) patients were anti-RR positive and received PEG-IFN/RBV. The numbers of anti-RR positivity for G1/2/3/4 (%) were 16/3/8/0 (30.2/9.6/21/0), respectively (p < .001). The anti-RR positivity rate for G1/2/3 was 22.13% (27/122, p = .088). Anti-RR was positive in 17.5% (11/63) of G1/2/3 patients who did not achieve SVR after the first treatment. This rate was 27.1% (16/59) in patients with SVR after the first treatment in G1/2 and there was no difference between these two classified groups in terms of antibody titers (p = .915). Anti-RR was detected up to 172 months after SVR. In summary, anti-RR was positive in high rates in patients receiving PEG-IFN/RBV therapy. Frequent monitoring is needed during patient follow-up to get more data on the relationship between anti-RR titer, treatment regimens, and SVR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bilal Olcay Peker
- Department of Medical Microbiology, İzmir Katip Çelebi University Atatürk Training And Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Aslı Gamze Şener
- Department of Medical Microbiology, İzmir Katip Çelebi University Atatürk Training And Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Firdevs Topal
- Department of Gastroenterology, İzmir Katip Çelebi University Medical Faculty, İzmir, Turkey
| | - Elif Sarıtaş Yüksel
- Department of Gastroenterology, İzmir Katip Çelebi University Medical Faculty, İzmir, Turkey
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