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Choy O, Raine A. The Neurobiology of Antisocial Personality Disorder. Neuropharmacology 2024:110150. [PMID: 39244014 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Despite increasing recognition that there is a neurobiological basis of antisocial behavior in addition to its psychosocial foundation, much less is known about the specificity of the neurobiological findings to the psychiatric condition of antisocial personality disorder (APD). This article provides a review of research on genetic, brain imaging, neurocognitive, and psychophysiological factors in relation to assessments of APD. Findings show that there are significant genetic effects on APD, particularly related to the serotonergic system, as well as abnormalities in brain regions such as the frontal lobe. Associations between psychophysiological measures of autonomic nervous system functioning and APD are more mixed. Results indicating that APD has a significant genetic basis and is characterized by abnormalities in brain structure/function and neurocognitive impairments provide additional evidence that supports the conceptualization of APD as a neurodevelopmental disorder. Findings may also help inform treatment approaches that target neurobiological risks for APD symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Choy
- Department of Psychology, Nanyang Technological University.
| | - Adrian Raine
- Departments of Criminology, Psychiatry, and Psychology, University of Pennsylvania.
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2
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Welsh ECO, Lenzenweger MF. Psychopathy, charisma, and success: A moderation modeling approach to successful psychopathy. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN PERSONALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2021.104146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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3
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Cui N, Raine A, Connolly CA, Richmond TS, Hanlon AL, McDonald CC, Liu J. P300 Event-Related Potentials Mediate the Relationship Between Child Physical Abuse and Externalizing Behavior. Front Psychol 2021; 12:720094. [PMID: 34790145 PMCID: PMC8592122 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.720094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The psychophysiological mechanism linking early childhood experiences to behavior problems remains unclear. This study aimed to examine the association of child physical abuse with P300 event-related potentials (ERP), and to test the mediating effect of P300 amplitude and latency in the relationship between child physical abuse and externalizing behaviors. Cross-sectional secondary data were obtained from 155 children (55.5% boys, mean age: 11.28 ± 0.57 years) who participated in the China Jintan Child Cohort Study. Children self-reported maternal and paternal physical abuse and externalizing behaviors, as well as P300 were obtained in 2013. Additionally, parents and teachers reported child externalizing behaviors in preschool in 2007. P300 were recorded during a standard novel auditory oddball task. Path analysis shows that after controlling for child sex, socioeconomic status, area of residence, IQ, and child externalizing behavior in preschool, children exposed to maternal physical abuse exhibited increased novelty P300 amplitude, which links to more externalizing behavior. Novelty P300 amplitude partially mediated the relationship between maternal physical abuse and externalizing behavior. These findings are the first to document the partial mediating effect of P300 amplitude on the abuse-externalizing relationship and are consistent with the view that physical abuse affects the attention bias to novel cues that likely places them at increased risk for the development and maintenance of externalizing behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naixue Cui
- School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Adrian Raine
- Department of Criminology, Psychiatry and Psychology, School of Arts & Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Cynthia A. Connolly
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Therese S. Richmond
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Catherine C. McDonald
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jianghong Liu
- Department of Family and Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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4
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McDonald JB, Bozzay ML, Bresin K, Verona E. Facets of externalizing psychopathology in relation to inhibitory control and error processing. Int J Psychophysiol 2021; 163:79-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2019.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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5
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Wang Y, Yang Q, Zhu B, Ye S, Tian X, Krueger F. High levels of psychopathic traits increase the risk of transferring reactive aggression to innocent people after provocation: Evidence from an ERP study. Biol Psychol 2020; 153:107891. [PMID: 32437902 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2020.107891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the neuropsychological underpinnings of reactive aggression toward innocent people in a student population with different levels of psychopathic traits. While recording event-related potentials, participants (divided into high/low psychopathic [HP/LP] traits groups) competed against two fictitious opponents in a modified Taylor Aggression Paradigm. We found that the HP group compared to the LP group selected more often high-intensity punishment for the second innocent opponent after being provoked by the first opponent. Further, a more negative N2 and a smaller P3 was found in the HP group while punishing the innocents-reflecting a tendency on antisocial-aggressive behavior. Finally, both groups showed a more negative FRN for losing than winning trials when seeing the outcome of the game. Our results suggest that high psychopathic traits increase the risk of transferring provoked aggression to innocent people-offering a psychophysiological perspective for explaining and predicting aggression against the innocents in social interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Wang
- Institute of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qun Yang
- Institute of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Bing Zhu
- Institute of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuer Ye
- Institute of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuehong Tian
- Institute of Psychological Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Frank Krueger
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA; Department of Psychology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
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6
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Osumi T. Mediating role of attenuated physiological arousal on the association between psychopathic traits and fairness norm violation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18053. [PMID: 31792330 PMCID: PMC6889505 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54676-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The low-fear model of primary psychopathy has been supported by empirical findings such as attenuated physiological arousal in anticipation of threatening stimuli. The somatic marker hypothesis proposes that salient changes in the bodily state are processed as signals of whether a situation is good or bad and guide an individual to avoid potential adverse consequences. The present study aimed to elucidate the role that attenuated physiological arousal plays in the relationship between primary psychopathy and fairness norm violations both under the threat of punishment and under no potential for punishment. Primary psychopathy was associated with an attenuated skin conductance response prior to the choice of unfair monetary offers to another person, regardless of the potential for punishment. Attenuated skin conductance mediated the association between primary psychopathy and the choice of an unfair offer, especially in the no-punishment condition. However, in the punishment condition, primary psychopathy significantly predicted the choice of unfair offers even after controlling for the magnitude of skin conductance. The bodily response may have only a marginal effect on interpersonal decision-making under a threat of punishment. The present results suggest that the low-fear account of social norm violations as a function of primary psychopathy should be re-discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Osumi
- Department of Psychology, Hiroshima Shudo University, Hiroshima, Japan.
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Clark AP, Bontemps AP, Batky BD, Watts EK, Salekin RT. Psychopathy and neurodynamic brain functioning: A review of EEG research. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2019; 103:352-373. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2019.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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8
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Pasion R, Fernandes C, Pereira MR, Barbosa F. Antisocial behaviour and psychopathy: Uncovering the externalizing link in the P3 modulation. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018; 91:170-186. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Benning SD, Molina SM, Dowgwillo EA, Patrick CJ, Miller KF, Storrow AB. Psychopathy in the Medical Emergency Department. J Pers Disord 2018; 32:482-496. [PMID: 28910216 DOI: 10.1521/pedi_2017_31_308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Psychopathy is a personality disorder representing an admixture of a fearless and dominant temperament with an impulsive and antisocial orientation. A sample of 1,026 participants in the waiting room of the medical emergency department of a city hospital exhibited levels of fearless dominance similar to university undergraduates and federal inmates; their levels of impulsive antisociality fell between those of federal and state inmates. Both psychopathy factors were correlated with male gender, younger age, and more frequent average alcohol consumption. Fearless dominance was associated with agentic success (e.g., being employed, higher household income), fewer psychological problems, and less use of psychotropic medications, including anxiolytics. Impulsive antisociality was negatively related to both agentic and communal (e.g., ever being married) success and positively correlated with substance use and self-reported bipolar, ADHD, and psychotic psychiatric conditions. Further, only impulsive antisociality was associated with presenting to the emergency department for physical injury or psychological disturbance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emily A Dowgwillo
- Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University, State College
| | | | - Karen F Miller
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Alan B Storrow
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, Tennessee
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10
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Ling S, Raine A, Gao Y, Schug R. The mediating role of emotional intelligence on the autonomic functioning - Psychopathy relationship. Biol Psychol 2018; 136:136-143. [PMID: 29879434 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Reduced autonomic activity is a risk factor for psychopathy, but the mechanisms underlying this association are under-researched. We hypothesize that emotional intelligence mediates this relationship. Emotional intelligence, cognitive intelligence, scores on the Psychopathy Checklist- Revised (PCL-R), skin conductance, and heart rate were assessed in 156 men from communities in Los Angeles. Emotional intelligence fully mediated the relationship between autonomic functioning and total psychopathy after controlling for cognitive intelligence for both autonomic measures. Full mediation was also found when using PCL-R factors and facets as outcome variables, with the exception of a partial mediation of the heart rate - Antisocial facet relationship. These findings are the first to document emotional intelligence as a mediator of the blunted physiological stress activity - psychopathy relationship, and are interpreted within the framework of the somatic marker and somatic aphasia theories of psychopathy. Possible implications for treatment interventions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichun Ling
- Department of Criminology, 3718 Locust Walk, Suite 483, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Adrian Raine
- Departments of Criminology, Psychiatry, and Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, 3809 Walnut Street, Suite 204, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Psychology, City University of New York - Brooklyn College, 5602C James Hall, Brooklyn, NY, 11210, USA.
| | - Robert Schug
- School of Criminology, Criminal Justice, and Emergency Management, California State University - Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Blvd, Engineering Technology 250, Long Beach, CA, USA.
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11
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Kavish N, Bailey C, Sharp C, Venta A. On the Relation Between General Intelligence and Psychopathic Traits: An Examination of Inpatient Adolescents. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2018; 49:341-351. [PMID: 28836093 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-017-0754-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
A substantial literature has investigated relations between intelligence and psychopathic traits. At the construct level, findings have been mixed, with a small negative relation found. At the facet level however, a positive relation between verbal intelligence and the interpersonal facet of psychopathy, and a negative relation between verbal intelligence and the lifestyle factor of psychopathy emerge. To date, this research has largely neglected adolescents and prior research has focused on clinical and incarcerated populations, while failing to control for psychopathology. The current study sought to address these limitations by examining the relation between intelligence and psychopathy at the construct, facet, and trait level in a sample of inpatient adolescents. At the bivariate level, verbal intelligence was related to dishonest charm, unemotionality, impulsiveness, and manipulation. In regression analyses, however, verbal intelligence lost significance as a predictor of all but impulsiveness. Gender and severity of psychopathology accounted for most significant relations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Kavish
- Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Sam Houston State University, Campus Box 2447, Huntsville, TX, 77340, USA
| | - Cassandra Bailey
- Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Sam Houston State University, Campus Box 2447, Huntsville, TX, 77340, USA
| | - Carla Sharp
- Department of Psychology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Houston, 3695 Cullen Blvd, Room 126, Houston, TX, 77340, USA
| | - Amanda Venta
- Department of Psychology, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, Sam Houston State University, Campus Box 2447, Huntsville, TX, 77340, USA.
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12
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Gao Y, Zhang W, Eisenbarth H, Fung ALC, Lu M, Raine A, Lee TM, Li X. P3 amplitude and psychopathic traits in youths: Distinct contributions of the grandiose-manipulative and daring-impulsivity traits. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Glenn AL, Han H, Yang Y, Raine A, Schug RA. Associations between psychopathic traits and brain activity during instructed false responding. Psychiatry Res 2017; 266:123-137. [PMID: 28666247 PMCID: PMC5583004 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lying is one of the characteristic features of psychopathy, and has been recognized in clinical and diagnostic descriptions of the disorder, yet individuals with psychopathic traits have been found to have reduced neural activity in many of the brain regions that are important for lying. In this study, we examine brain activity in sixteen individuals with varying degrees of psychopathic traits during a task in which they are instructed to falsify information or tell the truth about autobiographical and non-autobiographical facts, some of which was related to criminal behavior. We found that psychopathic traits were primarily associated with increased activity in the anterior cingulate, various regions of the prefrontal cortex, insula, angular gyrus, and the inferior parietal lobe when participants falsified information of any type. Associations tended to be stronger when participants falsified information about criminal behaviors. Although this study was conducted in a small sample of individuals and the task used has limited ecological validity, these findings support a growing body of literature suggesting that in some contexts, individuals with higher levels of psychopathic traits may demonstrate heightened levels of brain activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea L Glenn
- Center for the Prevention of Youth Behavior Problems, Department of Psychology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA.
| | - Hyemin Han
- Educational Psychology Program, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA
| | - Yaling Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Adrian Raine
- Departments of Criminology, Psychiatry, and Psychology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Robert A Schug
- Department of Criminology, Criminal Justice, and Forensic Psychology, California State University, Long Beach, CA, USA
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14
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Stability Subtypes of Callous-Unemotional Traits and Conduct Disorder Symptoms and Their Correlates. J Youth Adolesc 2016; 45:1889-901. [PMID: 27299762 PMCID: PMC4982881 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-016-0520-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Callous–unemotional traits and conduct disorder symptoms tend to co-occur across development, with existing evidence pointing to individual differences in the co-development of these problems. The current study identified groups of at risk adolescents showing stable (i.e., high on both conduct disorder and callous–unemotional symptoms, high only on either callous–unemotional or conduct disorder symptoms) or increasing conduct disorder and callous–unemotional symptoms. Data were collected from a sample of 2038 community adolescents between 15 and 18 years (1070 females, Mage = 16) of age. A longitudinal design was followed in that adolescent reports were collected at two time points, 1 year apart. Increases in conduct disorder symptoms and callous–unemotional traits were accompanied by increases in anxiety, depressive symptoms, narcissism, proactive and reactive aggression and decreases in self-esteem. Furthermore, adolescents with high and stable conduct disorder symptoms and callous–unemotional traits were consistently at high risk for individual, behavioral and contextual problems. In contrast, youth high on callous–unemotional traits without conduct disorder symptoms remained at low-risk for anxiety, depressive symptoms, narcissism, and aggression, pointing to a potential protective function of pure callous–unemotional traits against the development of psychopathological problems.
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15
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Neighborhood income and the expression of callous-unemotional traits. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2015; 24:1103-18. [PMID: 25534926 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-014-0663-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Callous-unemotional (CU) traits, including an uncaring nature and reduced empathy, represent a strongly heritable pattern of socio-emotional responding linked with elevated risk for severe, persistent delinquent behavior. Although evidence suggests that CU traits vary continuously across the population, research linking CU traits and delinquency is often conducted with incarcerated or clinical samples, obscuring potential heterogeneity in this relationship across the full range of high-CU individuals. Using a nationally representative sample, this study examines the role of neighborhood income in moderating the association between CU traits and delinquency in terms of both level and type of offending. Findings corroborate the link between CU traits and delinquency and suggest that the link between high-CU traits and violent delinquency may be unique to youth living in low-income neighborhoods.
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Anderson NE, Steele VR, Maurer JM, Bernat EM, Kiehl KA. Psychopathy, attention, and oddball target detection: New insights from PCL-R facet scores. Psychophysiology 2015; 52:1194-204. [PMID: 25912522 PMCID: PMC5648055 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.12441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Psychopathy is a disorder accompanied by cognitive deficits including abnormalities in attention. Prior studies examining cognitive features of psychopaths using ERPs have produced some inconsistent results. We examined psychopathy-related differences in ERPs during an auditory oddball task in a sample of incarcerated adult males. We extend previous work by deriving ERPs with principal component analysis (PCA) and relate these to the four facets of Hare's Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R). Features of psychopathy were associated with increased target N1 amplitude (facets 1, 4), decreased target P3 amplitude (facet 1), and reduced slow wave amplitude for frequent standard stimuli (facets 1, 3, 4). We conclude that employing PCA and examining PCL-R facets improve sensitivity and help clarify previously reported associations. Furthermore, attenuated slow wave during standards may be a novel marker for psychopaths' abnormalities in attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel E. Anderson
- The nonprofit Mind Research Network (MRN) & Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute (LBERI), Albuquerque, NM
| | - Vaughn R. Steele
- The nonprofit Mind Research Network (MRN) & Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute (LBERI), Albuquerque, NM
| | - J. Michael Maurer
- The nonprofit Mind Research Network (MRN) & Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute (LBERI), Albuquerque, NM
- University of New Mexico, Department of Psychology, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Edward M. Bernat
- University of Maryland, Department of Psychology, College Park, MD
| | - Kent A. Kiehl
- The nonprofit Mind Research Network (MRN) & Lovelace Biomedical and Environmental Research Institute (LBERI), Albuquerque, NM
- University of New Mexico, Department of Psychology, Albuquerque, NM
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Abstract
Long the stuff of clinical lore, successful psychopathy has recently become the focus of research. Although numerous authors have conjectured that psychopathic traits are sometimes associated with occupational or interpersonal success, rigorous evidence for this assertion has thus far been minimal. We provide a status report on successful-psychopathy research, address controversies surrounding successful psychopathy, examine evidence for competing models of this construct, and offer desiderata for future research.
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Lyons MT. Evidence for an Evolutionary Cheater Strategy—Relationships Between Primary and Secondary Psychopathy, Parenting, and Shame and Guilt. THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 149:570-81. [DOI: 10.1080/00223980.2014.925845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Yildirim BO, Derksen JJ. Systematic review, structural analysis, and new theoretical perspectives on the role of serotonin and associated genes in the etiology of psychopathy and sociopathy. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2013; 37:1254-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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20
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Inhibitory deficits in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in psychopathic offenders. Cortex 2013; 49:1377-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2012.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2011] [Revised: 04/13/2012] [Accepted: 06/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Alvarenga KDF, Vicente LC, Lopes RCF, Silva RAD, Banhara MR, Lopes AC, Jacob-Corteletti LCB. The influence of speech stimuli contrast in cortical auditory evoked potentials. Braz J Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 79:336-41. [PMID: 23743749 PMCID: PMC9443885 DOI: 10.5935/1808-8694.20130059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Method Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Kátia de Freitas Alvarenga
- Department of Speech and Hearing Therapy, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru campus, Brazil.
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22
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Brazil IA, Verkes RJ, Brouns BHJ, Buitelaar JK, Bulten BH, de Bruijn ERA. Differentiating psychopathy from general antisociality using the P3 as a psychophysiological correlate of attentional allocation. PLoS One 2012; 7:e50339. [PMID: 23166843 PMCID: PMC3500377 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that while psychopathy and non-psychopathic antisociality overlap, they differ in the extent to which cognitive impairments are present. Specifically, psychopathy has been related to abnormal allocation of attention, a function that is traditionally believed to be indexed by event-related potentials (ERPs) of the P3-family. Previous research examining psychophysiological correlates of attention in psychopathic individuals has mainly focused on the parietally distributed P3b component to rare targets. In contrast, very little is known about the frontocentral P3a to infrequent novel events in psychopathy. Thus, findings on the P3 components in psychopathy are inconclusive, while results in non-psychopathic antisocial populations are clearer and point toward an inverse relationship between antisociality and P3 amplitudes. The present study adds to extant literature on the P3a and P3b in psychopathy by investigating component amplitudes in psychopathic offenders (N = 20), matched non-psychopathic offenders (N = 23) and healthy controls (N = 16). Also, it was assessed how well each offender group was able to differentially process rare novel and target events. The offender groups showed general amplitude reductions compared to healthy controls, but did not differ mutually on overall P3a/P3b amplitudes. However, the psychopathic group still exhibited normal neurophysiological differentiation when allocating attention to rare novel and target events, unlike the non-psychopathic sample. The results highlight differences between psychopathic and non-psychopathic offenders regarding the integrity of the neurocognitive processes driving attentional allocation, as well as the usefulness of alternative psychophysiological measures in differentiating psychopathy from general antisociality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inti A Brazil
- Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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