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Gerrits R. Variability in Hemispheric Functional Segregation Phenotypes: A Review and General Mechanistic Model. Neuropsychol Rev 2024; 34:27-40. [PMID: 36576683 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-022-09575-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Many functions of the human brain are organized asymmetrically and are subject to strong population biases. Some tasks, like speaking and making complex hand movements, exhibit left hemispheric dominance, whereas others, such as spatial processing and recognizing faces, favor the right hemisphere. While pattern of preference implies the existence of a stereotypical way of distributing functions between the hemispheres, an ever-increasing body of evidence indicates that not everyone follows this pattern of hemispheric functional segregation. On the contrary, the review conducted in this article shows that departures from the standard hemispheric division of labor are routinely observed and assume many distinct forms, each having a different prevalence rate. One of the key challenges in human neuroscience is to model this variability. By integrating well-established and recently emerged ideas about the mechanisms that underlie functional lateralization, the current article proposes a general mechanistic model that explains the observed distribution of segregation phenotypes and generates new testable hypotheses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Gerrits
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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Olson HA, Chen EM, Lydic KO, Saxe RR. Left-Hemisphere Cortical Language Regions Respond Equally to Observed Dialogue and Monologue. NEUROBIOLOGY OF LANGUAGE (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2023; 4:575-610. [PMID: 38144236 PMCID: PMC10745132 DOI: 10.1162/nol_a_00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
Much of the language we encounter in our everyday lives comes in the form of conversation, yet the majority of research on the neural basis of language comprehension has used input from only one speaker at a time. Twenty adults were scanned while passively observing audiovisual conversations using functional magnetic resonance imaging. In a block-design task, participants watched 20 s videos of puppets speaking either to another puppet (the dialogue condition) or directly to the viewer (the monologue condition), while the audio was either comprehensible (played forward) or incomprehensible (played backward). Individually functionally localized left-hemisphere language regions responded more to comprehensible than incomprehensible speech but did not respond differently to dialogue than monologue. In a second task, participants watched videos (1-3 min each) of two puppets conversing with each other, in which one puppet was comprehensible while the other's speech was reversed. All participants saw the same visual input but were randomly assigned which character's speech was comprehensible. In left-hemisphere cortical language regions, the time course of activity was correlated only among participants who heard the same character speaking comprehensibly, despite identical visual input across all participants. For comparison, some individually localized theory of mind regions and right-hemisphere homologues of language regions responded more to dialogue than monologue in the first task, and in the second task, activity in some regions was correlated across all participants regardless of which character was speaking comprehensibly. Together, these results suggest that canonical left-hemisphere cortical language regions are not sensitive to differences between observed dialogue and monologue.
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Ross ED. Affective Prosody and Its Impact on the Neurology of Language, Depression, Memory and Emotions. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1572. [PMID: 38002532 PMCID: PMC10669595 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13111572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the seminal publications of Paul Broca and Carl Wernicke who established that aphasic syndromes (disorders of the verbal-linguistic aspects of communication) were predominantly the result of focal left-hemisphere lesions, "language" is traditionally viewed as a lateralized function of the left hemisphere. This, in turn, has diminished and delayed the acceptance that the right hemisphere also has a vital role in language, specifically in modulating affective prosody, which is essential for communication competency and psychosocial well-being. Focal lesions of the right hemisphere may result in disorders of affective prosody (aprosodic syndromes) that are functionally and anatomically analogous to the aphasic syndromes that occur following focal left-hemisphere lesions. This paper will review the deductive research published over the last four decades that has elucidated the neurology of affective prosody which, in turn, has led to a more complete and nuanced understanding of the neurology of language, depression, emotions and memory. In addition, the paper will also present the serendipitous clinical observations (inductive research) and fortuitous inter-disciplinary collaborations that were crucial in guiding and developing the deductive research processes that culminated in the concept that primary emotions and related display behaviors are a lateralized function of the right hemisphere and social emotions, and related display behaviors are a lateralized function of the left hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott D. Ross
- Department of Neurology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; or
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Coulombe V, Joyal M, Martel-Sauvageau V, Monetta L. Affective prosody disorders in adults with neurological conditions: A scoping review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE & COMMUNICATION DISORDERS 2023; 58:1939-1954. [PMID: 37212522 DOI: 10.1111/1460-6984.12909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with affective-prosodic deficits have difficulty understanding or expressing emotions and attitudes through prosody. Affective prosody disorders can occur in multiple neurological conditions, but the limited knowledge about the clinical groups prone to deficits complicates their identification in clinical settings. Additionally, the nature of the disturbance underlying affective prosody disorder observed in different neurological conditions remains poorly understood. AIMS To bridge these knowledge gaps and provide relevant information to speech-language pathologists for the management of affective prosody disorders, this study provides an overview of research findings on affective-prosodic deficits in adults with neurological conditions by answering two questions: (1) Which clinical groups present with acquired affective prosodic impairments following brain damage? (2) Which aspects of affective prosody comprehension and production are negatively affected in these neurological conditions? METHODS & PROCEDURES We conducted a scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. A literature search was undertaken in five electronic databases (MEDLINE, PsycINFO, EMBASE, CINAHL and Linguistics, and Language Behavior Abstracts) to identify primary studies reporting affective prosody disorders in adults with neurological impairments. We extracted data on clinical groups and characterised their deficits based on the assessment task used. OUTCOMES & RESULTS The review of 98 studies identified affective-prosodic deficits in 17 neurological conditions. The task paradigms typically used in affective prosody research (discrimination, recognition, cross-modal integration, production on request, imitation and spontaneous production) do not target the processes underlying affective prosody comprehension and production. Therefore, based on the current state of knowledge, it is not possible to establish the level of processing at which impairment occurs in clinical groups. Nevertheless, deficits in the comprehension of affective prosody are observed in 14 clinical groups (mainly recognition deficits) and deficits in the production of affective prosody (either on request or spontaneously) in 10 clinical groups. Neurological conditions and types of deficits that have not been investigated in many studies are highlighted. CONCLUSIONS & IMPLICATIONS The aim of this scoping review was to provide an overview on acquired affective prosody disorders and to identify gaps in knowledge that warrant further investigation. Deficits in the comprehension or production of affective prosody are common to numerous clinical groups with various neurological conditions. However, the underlying cause of affective prosody disorders across them is still unknown. Future studies should implement standardised assessment methods with specific tasks based on a cognitive model to identify the underlying deficits of affective prosody disorders. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS What is already known on the subject What is already known on the subjectAffective prosody is used to share emotions and attitudes through speech and plays a fundamental role in communication and social interactions. Affective prosody disorders can occur in various neurological conditions, but the limited knowledge about the clinical groups prone to affective-prosodic deficits and about the characteristics of different phenotypes of affective prosody disorders complicates their identification in clinical settings. Distinct abilities underlying the comprehension and production of affective prosody can be selectively impaired by brain damage, but the nature of the disturbance underlying affective prosody disorders in different neurological conditions remains unclear. What this study adds Affective-prosodic deficits are reported in 17 neurological conditions, despite being recognised as a core feature of the clinical profile in only a few of them. The assessment tasks typically used in affective prosody research do not provide accurate information about the specific neurocognitive processes impaired in the comprehension or production of affective prosody. Future studies should implement assessment methods based on a cognitive approach to identify underlying deficits. The assessment of cognitive/executive dysfunctions, motor speech impairment and aphasia might be important for distinguishing primary affective prosodic dysfunctions from those secondarily impacting affective prosody. What are the potential clinical implications of this study? Raising awareness about the possible presence of affective-prosodic disorders in numerous clinical groups will facilitate their recognition by speech-language pathologists and, consequently, their management in clinical settings. A comprehensive assessment covering multiple affective-prosodic skills could highlight specific aspects of affective prosody that warrant clinical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Coulombe
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), Québec, Canada
| | | | - Vincent Martel-Sauvageau
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), Québec, Canada
| | - Laura Monetta
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (CIRRIS), Québec, Canada
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Miceli G, Caccia A. The Auditory Agnosias: a Short Review of Neurofunctional Evidence. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2023; 23:671-679. [PMID: 37747655 PMCID: PMC10673750 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-023-01302-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To investigate the neurofunctional correlates of pure auditory agnosia and its varieties (global, verbal, and nonverbal), based on 116 anatomoclinical reports published between 1893 and 2022, with emphasis on hemispheric lateralization, intrahemispheric lesion site, underlying cognitive impairments. RECENT FINDINGS Pure auditory agnosia is rare, and observations accumulate slowly. Recent patient reports and neuroimaging studies on neurotypical subjects offer insights into the putative mechanisms underlying auditory agnosia, while challenging traditional accounts. Global auditory agnosia frequently results from bilateral temporal damage. Verbal auditory agnosia strictly correlates with language-dominant hemisphere lesions. Damage involves the auditory pathways, but the critical lesion site is unclear. Both the auditory cortex and associative areas are reasonable candidates, but cases resulting from brainstem damage are on record. The hemispheric correlates of nonverbal auditory input disorders are less clear. They correlate with unilateral damage to either hemisphere, but evidence is scarce. Based on published cases, pure auditory agnosias are neurologically and functionally heterogeneous. Phenotypes are influenced by co-occurring cognitive impairments. Future studies should start from these facts and integrate patient data and studies in neurotypical individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Miceli
- Professor of Neurology, Center for Mind/Brain Studies, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
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Zhao C, Bao Y. Hemispheric asymmetry of auditory oddball detection: An MEG study. Psych J 2023; 12:749-751. [PMID: 37807896 DOI: 10.1002/pchj.684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The capacity of the human brain to detect unattended deviant information from frequent information in our environment shows a hemispheric asymmetry, with stronger brain activation in the right temporal area. This lateralization is distinct from the functional left-ward asymmetry of auditory information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhao
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Yan Bao
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Behavior and Mental Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Geraudie A, Pressman PS, Pariente J, Millanski C, Palser ER, Ratnasiri BM, Battistella G, Mandelli ML, Miller ZA, Miller BL, Sturm V, Rankin KP, Gorno-Tempini ML, Montembeault M. Expressive Prosody in Patients With Focal Anterior Temporal Neurodegeneration. Neurology 2023; 101:e825-e835. [PMID: 37400244 PMCID: PMC10449437 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Progressive focal anterior temporal lobe (ATL) neurodegeneration has been historically called semantic dementia. More recently, semantic variant primary progressive aphasia (svPPA) and semantic behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (sbvFTD) have been linked with predominant left and right ATL neurodegeneration, respectively. Nonetheless, clinical tools for an accurate diagnosis of sbvFTD are still lacking. Expressive prosody refers to the modulation of pitch, loudness, tempo, and quality of voice used to convey emotional and linguistic information and has been linked to bilateral but right-predominant frontotemporal functioning. Changes in expressive prosody can be detected with semiautomated methods and could represent a useful diagnostic marker of socioemotional functioning in sbvFTD. METHODS Participants underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological and language evaluation and a 3T MRI at the University of California San Francisco. Each participant provided a verbal description of the picnic scene from the Western Aphasia Battery. The fundamental frequency (f0) range, an acoustic measure of pitch variability, was extracted for each participant. We compared the f0 range between groups and investigated associations with an informant-rated measure of empathy, a facial emotion labeling task, and gray matter (GM) volumes using voxel-based morphometry. RESULTS Twenty-eight patients with svPPA, 18 with sbvFTD, and 18 healthy controls (HCs) were included. f0 range was significantly different across groups: patients with sbvFTD showed reduced f0 range in comparison with both patients with svPPA (mean difference of -1.4 ± 2.4 semitones; 95% CI -2.4 to -0.4]; p < 0.005) and HCs (mean difference of -1.9 ± 3.0 semitones; 95% CI -3.0 to -0.7]; p < 0.001). A higher f0 range was correlated with a greater informant-rated empathy (r = 0.355; p ≤ 0.05), but not facial emotion labeling. Finally, the lower f0 range was correlated with lower GM volume in the right superior temporal gyrus, encompassing anterior and posterior portions (p < 0.05 FWE cluster corrected). DISCUSSION Expressive prosody may be a useful clinical marker of sbvFTD. Reduced empathy is a core symptom in sbvFTD; the present results extend this to prosody, a core component of social interaction, at the intersection of speech and emotion. They also inform the long-standing debate on the lateralization of expressive prosody in the brain, highlighting the critical role of the right superior temporal lobe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Geraudie
- From the Memory and Aging Center (A.G., E.R.P., B.M.R., G.B., M.L.M., Z.A.M., B.L.M., V.S., K.P.R., M.L.G.-T., M.M.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Neurology Department (A.G., J.P.), Toulouse University Hospital; Institut du Cerveau (ICM) (A.G.), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (P.S.P.), University of Colorado; Department of Speech (C.M.), Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin; Dyslexia Center (E.R.P., M.L.M., Z.A.M., V.S., M.L.G.-T.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (G.B.), Massachusets Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Douglas Research Centre (M.M.); and Department of Psychiatry (M.M.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Peter S Pressman
- From the Memory and Aging Center (A.G., E.R.P., B.M.R., G.B., M.L.M., Z.A.M., B.L.M., V.S., K.P.R., M.L.G.-T., M.M.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Neurology Department (A.G., J.P.), Toulouse University Hospital; Institut du Cerveau (ICM) (A.G.), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (P.S.P.), University of Colorado; Department of Speech (C.M.), Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin; Dyslexia Center (E.R.P., M.L.M., Z.A.M., V.S., M.L.G.-T.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (G.B.), Massachusets Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Douglas Research Centre (M.M.); and Department of Psychiatry (M.M.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jérémie Pariente
- From the Memory and Aging Center (A.G., E.R.P., B.M.R., G.B., M.L.M., Z.A.M., B.L.M., V.S., K.P.R., M.L.G.-T., M.M.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Neurology Department (A.G., J.P.), Toulouse University Hospital; Institut du Cerveau (ICM) (A.G.), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (P.S.P.), University of Colorado; Department of Speech (C.M.), Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin; Dyslexia Center (E.R.P., M.L.M., Z.A.M., V.S., M.L.G.-T.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (G.B.), Massachusets Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Douglas Research Centre (M.M.); and Department of Psychiatry (M.M.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carly Millanski
- From the Memory and Aging Center (A.G., E.R.P., B.M.R., G.B., M.L.M., Z.A.M., B.L.M., V.S., K.P.R., M.L.G.-T., M.M.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Neurology Department (A.G., J.P.), Toulouse University Hospital; Institut du Cerveau (ICM) (A.G.), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (P.S.P.), University of Colorado; Department of Speech (C.M.), Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin; Dyslexia Center (E.R.P., M.L.M., Z.A.M., V.S., M.L.G.-T.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (G.B.), Massachusets Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Douglas Research Centre (M.M.); and Department of Psychiatry (M.M.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eleanor R Palser
- From the Memory and Aging Center (A.G., E.R.P., B.M.R., G.B., M.L.M., Z.A.M., B.L.M., V.S., K.P.R., M.L.G.-T., M.M.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Neurology Department (A.G., J.P.), Toulouse University Hospital; Institut du Cerveau (ICM) (A.G.), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (P.S.P.), University of Colorado; Department of Speech (C.M.), Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin; Dyslexia Center (E.R.P., M.L.M., Z.A.M., V.S., M.L.G.-T.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (G.B.), Massachusets Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Douglas Research Centre (M.M.); and Department of Psychiatry (M.M.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Buddhika M Ratnasiri
- From the Memory and Aging Center (A.G., E.R.P., B.M.R., G.B., M.L.M., Z.A.M., B.L.M., V.S., K.P.R., M.L.G.-T., M.M.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Neurology Department (A.G., J.P.), Toulouse University Hospital; Institut du Cerveau (ICM) (A.G.), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (P.S.P.), University of Colorado; Department of Speech (C.M.), Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin; Dyslexia Center (E.R.P., M.L.M., Z.A.M., V.S., M.L.G.-T.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (G.B.), Massachusets Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Douglas Research Centre (M.M.); and Department of Psychiatry (M.M.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Giovanni Battistella
- From the Memory and Aging Center (A.G., E.R.P., B.M.R., G.B., M.L.M., Z.A.M., B.L.M., V.S., K.P.R., M.L.G.-T., M.M.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Neurology Department (A.G., J.P.), Toulouse University Hospital; Institut du Cerveau (ICM) (A.G.), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (P.S.P.), University of Colorado; Department of Speech (C.M.), Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin; Dyslexia Center (E.R.P., M.L.M., Z.A.M., V.S., M.L.G.-T.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (G.B.), Massachusets Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Douglas Research Centre (M.M.); and Department of Psychiatry (M.M.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maria Luisa Mandelli
- From the Memory and Aging Center (A.G., E.R.P., B.M.R., G.B., M.L.M., Z.A.M., B.L.M., V.S., K.P.R., M.L.G.-T., M.M.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Neurology Department (A.G., J.P.), Toulouse University Hospital; Institut du Cerveau (ICM) (A.G.), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (P.S.P.), University of Colorado; Department of Speech (C.M.), Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin; Dyslexia Center (E.R.P., M.L.M., Z.A.M., V.S., M.L.G.-T.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (G.B.), Massachusets Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Douglas Research Centre (M.M.); and Department of Psychiatry (M.M.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Zachary A Miller
- From the Memory and Aging Center (A.G., E.R.P., B.M.R., G.B., M.L.M., Z.A.M., B.L.M., V.S., K.P.R., M.L.G.-T., M.M.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Neurology Department (A.G., J.P.), Toulouse University Hospital; Institut du Cerveau (ICM) (A.G.), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (P.S.P.), University of Colorado; Department of Speech (C.M.), Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin; Dyslexia Center (E.R.P., M.L.M., Z.A.M., V.S., M.L.G.-T.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (G.B.), Massachusets Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Douglas Research Centre (M.M.); and Department of Psychiatry (M.M.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Bruce L Miller
- From the Memory and Aging Center (A.G., E.R.P., B.M.R., G.B., M.L.M., Z.A.M., B.L.M., V.S., K.P.R., M.L.G.-T., M.M.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Neurology Department (A.G., J.P.), Toulouse University Hospital; Institut du Cerveau (ICM) (A.G.), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (P.S.P.), University of Colorado; Department of Speech (C.M.), Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin; Dyslexia Center (E.R.P., M.L.M., Z.A.M., V.S., M.L.G.-T.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (G.B.), Massachusets Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Douglas Research Centre (M.M.); and Department of Psychiatry (M.M.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Virginia Sturm
- From the Memory and Aging Center (A.G., E.R.P., B.M.R., G.B., M.L.M., Z.A.M., B.L.M., V.S., K.P.R., M.L.G.-T., M.M.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Neurology Department (A.G., J.P.), Toulouse University Hospital; Institut du Cerveau (ICM) (A.G.), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (P.S.P.), University of Colorado; Department of Speech (C.M.), Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin; Dyslexia Center (E.R.P., M.L.M., Z.A.M., V.S., M.L.G.-T.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (G.B.), Massachusets Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Douglas Research Centre (M.M.); and Department of Psychiatry (M.M.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Katherine P Rankin
- From the Memory and Aging Center (A.G., E.R.P., B.M.R., G.B., M.L.M., Z.A.M., B.L.M., V.S., K.P.R., M.L.G.-T., M.M.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Neurology Department (A.G., J.P.), Toulouse University Hospital; Institut du Cerveau (ICM) (A.G.), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (P.S.P.), University of Colorado; Department of Speech (C.M.), Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin; Dyslexia Center (E.R.P., M.L.M., Z.A.M., V.S., M.L.G.-T.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (G.B.), Massachusets Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Douglas Research Centre (M.M.); and Department of Psychiatry (M.M.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maria Luisa Gorno-Tempini
- From the Memory and Aging Center (A.G., E.R.P., B.M.R., G.B., M.L.M., Z.A.M., B.L.M., V.S., K.P.R., M.L.G.-T., M.M.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Neurology Department (A.G., J.P.), Toulouse University Hospital; Institut du Cerveau (ICM) (A.G.), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (P.S.P.), University of Colorado; Department of Speech (C.M.), Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin; Dyslexia Center (E.R.P., M.L.M., Z.A.M., V.S., M.L.G.-T.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (G.B.), Massachusets Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Douglas Research Centre (M.M.); and Department of Psychiatry (M.M.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maxime Montembeault
- From the Memory and Aging Center (A.G., E.R.P., B.M.R., G.B., M.L.M., Z.A.M., B.L.M., V.S., K.P.R., M.L.G.-T., M.M.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Neurology Department (A.G., J.P.), Toulouse University Hospital; Institut du Cerveau (ICM) (A.G.), INSERM U1127, CNRS UMR 7225, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France; Department of Neurology (P.S.P.), University of Colorado; Department of Speech (C.M.), Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin; Dyslexia Center (E.R.P., M.L.M., Z.A.M., V.S., M.L.G.-T.), Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (G.B.), Massachusets Eye and Ear and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Douglas Research Centre (M.M.); and Department of Psychiatry (M.M.), McGill University, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
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8
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Baglione H, Coulombe V, Martel-Sauvageau V, Monetta L. The impacts of aging on the comprehension of affective prosody: A systematic review. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37603689 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2023.2245940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Recent clinical reports have suggested a possible decline in the ability to understand emotions in speech (affective prosody comprehension) with aging. The present study aims to further examine the differences in performance between older and younger adults in terms of affective prosody comprehension. Following a recent cognitive model dividing affective prosody comprehension into perceptual and lexico-semantic components, a cognitive approach targeting these components was adopted. The influence of emotions' valence and category on aging performance was also investigated. A systematic review of the literature was carried out using six databases. Twenty-one articles, presenting 25 experiments, were included. All experiments analyzed affective prosody comprehension performance of older versus younger adults. The results confirmed that older adults' performance in identifying emotions in speech was reduced compared to younger adults. The results also brought out the fact that affective prosody comprehension abilities could be modulated by the emotion category but not by the emotional valence. Various theories account for this difference in performance, namely auditory perception, brain aging, and socioemotional selectivity theory suggesting that older people tend to neglect negative emotions. However, the explanation of the underlying deficits of the affective prosody decline is still limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héloïse Baglione
- Département de réadaptation, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
- Département de readaptation, Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en réadaptation et intégration sociale (CIRRIS), Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valérie Coulombe
- Département de réadaptation, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
- Département de readaptation, Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en réadaptation et intégration sociale (CIRRIS), Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vincent Martel-Sauvageau
- Département de réadaptation, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
- Département de readaptation, Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en réadaptation et intégration sociale (CIRRIS), Québec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Laura Monetta
- Département de réadaptation, Université Laval, Québec City, Quebec, Canada
- Département de readaptation, Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en réadaptation et intégration sociale (CIRRIS), Québec City, Quebec, Canada
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9
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Andrade-Machado R, Javarayee P, Koop JI, Farias-Moeller R, Kim I, Lew SM. Neural representations of self-perception of voice: An intracortical evoked potential analysis based on an adolescent with right temporal lobe epilepsy. Seizure 2023; 109:1-4. [PMID: 37172443 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The neural bases for language perception have been studied elsewhere using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Direct Cortical Stimulation. However, to our knowledge, there is no previous report about a patient identifying the change in his voice tone, speed, and prosody because of right temporal cortical stimulation. Nor has there been a cortico-cortical evoked potential (CCEP) assessment of the network underlying this process. CASE REPORT We present CCEP from a patient with right focal refractory temporal lobe epilepsy of tumoral etiology who reported changes in the perception of his own speech prosody during stimulation. This report will serve as a complement to the understanding of the neural networks of language and prosody. CONCLUSION The present report shows that right superior temporal gyrus, transverse temporal gyrus, right amygdala, hippocampus, and fusiform gyrus (FG) are part of the neural network subjacent to own human voice perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rene Andrade-Machado
- Children's Wisconsin, Neurology Department, Division of Pediatric Neurology. Medical College of Wisconsin, United States.
| | - Pradeep Javarayee
- Children's Wisconsin, Neurology Department, Division of Pediatric Neurology. Medical College of Wisconsin, United States
| | - Jennifer I Koop
- Children's Wisconsin, Neurology Department, Division of Neuropsychology, Medical College of Wisconsin, United States
| | - Raquel Farias-Moeller
- Children's Wisconsin, Neurology Department, Division of Pediatric Neurology. Medical College of Wisconsin, United States
| | - Irene Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Sean M Lew
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
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10
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Hickok G, Venezia J, Teghipco A. Beyond Broca: neural architecture and evolution of a dual motor speech coordination system. Brain 2023; 146:1775-1790. [PMID: 36746488 PMCID: PMC10411947 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Classical neural architecture models of speech production propose a single system centred on Broca's area coordinating all the vocal articulators from lips to larynx. Modern evidence has challenged both the idea that Broca's area is involved in motor speech coordination and that there is only one coordination network. Drawing on a wide range of evidence, here we propose a dual speech coordination model in which laryngeal control of pitch-related aspects of prosody and song are coordinated by a hierarchically organized dorsolateral system while supralaryngeal articulation at the phonetic/syllabic level is coordinated by a more ventral system posterior to Broca's area. We argue further that these two speech production subsystems have distinguishable evolutionary histories and discuss the implications for models of language evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory Hickok
- Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Language Science, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jonathan Venezia
- Auditory Research Laboratory, VA Loma Linda Healthcare System, Loma Linda, CA 92357, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Alex Teghipco
- Department of Psychology, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA
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11
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Kovács P, Tóth B, Honbolygó F, Szalárdy O, Kohári A, Mády K, Magyari L, Winkler I. Speech prosody supports speaker selection and auditory stream segregation in a multi-talker situation. Brain Res 2023; 1805:148246. [PMID: 36657631 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
To process speech in a multi-talker environment, listeners need to segregate the mixture of incoming speech streams and focus their attention on one of them. Potentially, speech prosody could aid the segregation of different speakers, the selection of the desired speech stream, and detecting targets within the attended stream. For testing these issues, we recorded behavioral responses and extracted event-related potentials and functional brain networks from electroencephalographic signals recorded while participants listened to two concurrent speech streams, performing a lexical detection and a recognition memory task in parallel. Prosody manipulation was applied to the attended speech stream in one group of participants and to the ignored speech stream in another group. Naturally recorded speech stimuli were either intact, synthetically F0-flattened, or prosodically suppressed by the speaker. Results show that prosody - especially the parsing cues mediated by speech rate - facilitates stream selection, while playing a smaller role in auditory stream segmentation and target detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kovács
- Department of Cognitive Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Hungary
| | - Brigitta Tóth
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Hungary.
| | - Ferenc Honbolygó
- Brain Imaging Center, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Szalárdy
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Hungary; Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Anna Kohári
- Research Group of Phonetics, Institute for General and Hungarian Linguistics, Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, Hungary
| | - Katalin Mády
- Research Group of Phonetics, Institute for General and Hungarian Linguistics, Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, Hungary
| | - Lilla Magyari
- Department of Social Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway; Norwegian Centre for Reading Education and Research, Faculty of Arts and Education, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - István Winkler
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Center for Natural Sciences, Hungary
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12
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Osawa SI, Suzuki K, Asano E, Ukishiro K, Agari D, Kakinuma K, Kochi R, Jin K, Nakasato N, Tominaga T. Causal Involvement of Medial Inferior Frontal Gyrus of Non-dominant Hemisphere in Higher Order Auditory Perception: A single case study. Cortex 2023; 163:57-65. [PMID: 37060887 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
The medial side of the operculum is invisible from the lateral surface of cerebral cortex, and its functions remain largely unexplored using direct evidence. Non-invasive and invasive studies have proved functions on peri-sylvian area including the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and superior temporal gyrus within the language-dominant hemisphere for semantic processing during verbal communication. However, within the non-dominant hemisphere, there was less evidence of its functions except for pitch or prosody processing. Here we add direct evidence for the functions of the non-dominant hemisphere, the causal involvement of the medial IFG for subjective auditory perception, which is affected by the context of the condition, regarded as a contribution in higher order auditory perception. The phenomenon was clearly distinguished from absolute and invariant pitch perception which is regarded as lower order auditory perception. Electrical stimulation of the medial surface of pars triangularis of IFG in non-dominant hemisphere via depth electrode in an epilepsy patient rapidly and reproducibly elicited perception of pitch changes of auditory input. Pitches were perceived as either higher or lower than those given without stimulation and there was no selectivity for sound type. The patient perceived sounds as higher when she had greater control over the situation when her eyes were open and there were self-cues, and as lower when her eyes were closed and there were investigator-cues. Time-frequency analysis of electrocorticography signals during auditory naming demonstrated medial IFG activation, characterized by low-gamma band augmentation during her own vocal response. The overall evidence provides a neural substrate for altered perception of other vocal tones according to the condition context.
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13
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Location of Hyperintense Vessels on FLAIR Associated with the Location of Perfusion Deficits in PWI. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12041554. [PMID: 36836089 PMCID: PMC9962403 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Perfusion imaging is preferred for identifying hypoperfusion in the management of acute ischemic stroke, but it is not always feasible/available. An alternative method for quantifying hypoperfusion, using FLAIR-hyperintense vessels (FHVs) in various vascular regions, has been proposed, with evidence of a statistical relationship with perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI) deficits and behavior. However, additional validation is needed to confirm that areas of suspected hypoperfusion (per the location of FHVs) correspond to the location of perfusion deficits in PWI. We examined the association between the location of FHVs and perfusion deficits in PWI in 101 individuals with acute ischemic stroke, prior to the receipt of reperfusion therapies. FHVs and PWI lesions were scored as present/absent in six vascular regions (i.e., the ACA, PCA, and (four sub-regions of) the MCA territories). Chi-square analyses showed a significant relationship between the two imaging techniques for five vascular regions (the relationship in the ACA territory was underpowered). These results suggest that for most areas of the brain, the general location of FHVs corresponds to hypoperfusion in those same vascular territories in PWI. In conjunction with prior work, results support the use of estimating the amount and location of hypoperfusion using FLAIR imaging when perfusion imaging is not available.
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14
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Disentangling emotional signals in the brain: an ALE meta-analysis of vocal affect perception. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 23:17-29. [PMID: 35945478 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-022-01030-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in neuroimaging research on vocal emotion perception have revealed voice-sensitive areas specialized in processing affect. Experimental data on this subject is varied, investigating a wide range of emotions through different vocal signals and task demands. The present meta-analysis was designed to disentangle this diversity of results by summarizing neuroimaging data in the vocal emotion perception literature. Data from 44 experiments contrasting emotional and neutral voices was analyzed to assess brain areas involved in vocal affect perception in general, as well as depending on the type of voice signal (speech prosody or vocalizations), the task demands (implicit or explicit attention to emotions), and the specific emotion perceived. Results reassessed a consistent bilateral network of Emotional Voices Areas consisting of the superior temporal cortex and primary auditory regions. Specific activations and lateralization of these regions, as well as additional areas (insula, middle temporal gyrus) were further modulated by signal type and task demands. Exploring the sparser data on single emotions also suggested the recruitment of other regions (insula, inferior frontal gyrus, frontal operculum) for specific aspects of each emotion. These novel meta-analytic results suggest that while the bulk of vocal affect processing is localized in the STC, the complexity and variety of such vocal signals entails functional specificities in complex and varied cortical (and potentially subcortical) response pathways.
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15
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Patel S, Grabowski C, Dayalu V, Testa AJ. Speech error rates after a sports-related concussion. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1135441. [PMID: 36960009 PMCID: PMC10027790 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1135441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alterations in speech have long been identified as indicators of various neurologic conditions including traumatic brain injury, neurodegenerative diseases, and stroke. The extent to which speech errors occur in milder brain injuries, such as sports-related concussions, is unknown. The present study examined speech error rates in student athletes after a sports-related concussion compared to pre-injury speech performance in order to determine the presence and relevant characteristics of changes in speech production in this less easily detected neurologic condition. Methods A within-subjects pre/post-injury design was used. A total of 359 Division I student athletes participated in pre-season baseline speech testing. Of these, 27 athletes (18-22 years) who sustained a concussion also participated in speech testing in the days immediately following diagnosis of concussion. Picture description tasks were utilized to prompt connected speech samples. These samples were recorded and then transcribed for identification of errors and disfluencies. These were coded by two trained raters using a 6-category system that included 14 types of error metrics. Results Repeated measures analysis of variance was used to compare the difference in error rates at baseline and post-concussion. Results revealed significant increases in the speech error categories of pauses and time fillers (interjections/fillers). Additionally, regression analysis showed that a different pattern of errors and disfluencies occur after a sports-related concussion (primarily time fillers) compared to pre-injury (primarily pauses). Conclusion Results demonstrate that speech error rates increase following even mild head injuries, in particular, sports-related concussion. Furthermore, the speech error patterns driving this increase in speech errors, rate of pauses and interjections, are distinct features of this neurological injury, which is in contrast with more severe injuries that are marked by articulation errors and an overall reduction in verbal output. Future studies should consider speech as a diagnostic tool for concussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sona Patel
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ, United States
- Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, NJ, United States
- *Correspondence: Sona Patel,
| | - Caryn Grabowski
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ, United States
| | - Vikram Dayalu
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Seton Hall University, Nutley, NJ, United States
| | - Anthony J. Testa
- Center for Sports Medicine, Seton Hall University, South Orange, NJ, United States
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16
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Kasai C, Sumiya M, Koike T, Yoshimoto T, Maki H, Sadato N. Neural underpinning of Japanese particle processing in non-native speakers. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18740. [PMID: 36335170 PMCID: PMC9637203 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23382-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Grammar acquisition by non-native learners (L2) is typically less successful and may produce fundamentally different grammatical systems than that by native speakers (L1). The neural representation of grammatical processing between L1 and L2 speakers remains controversial. We hypothesized that working memory is the primary source of L1/L2 differences, by considering working memory within the predictive coding account, which models grammatical processes as higher-level neuronal representations of cortical hierarchies, generating predictions (forward model) of lower-level representations. A functional MRI study was conducted with L1 Japanese speakers and highly proficient Japanese learners requiring oral production of grammatically correct Japanese particles. We assumed selecting proper particles requires forward model-dependent processes of working memory as their functions are highly context-dependent. As a control, participants read out a visually designated mora indicated by underlining. Particle selection by L1/L2 groups commonly activated the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus/insula, pre-supplementary motor area, left caudate, middle temporal gyrus, and right cerebellum, which constituted the core linguistic production system. In contrast, the left inferior frontal sulcus, known as the neural substrate of verbal working memory, showed more prominent activation in L2 than in L1. Thus, the working memory process causes L1/L2 differences even in highly proficient L2 learners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chise Kasai
- grid.256342.40000 0004 0370 4927Faculty of Regional Studies, Gifu University, Yanagido, 501-1193 Japan ,grid.467811.d0000 0001 2272 1771Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8585 Japan
| | - Motofumi Sumiya
- grid.505613.40000 0000 8937 6696Research Center for Child Mental Development, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, 431-3192 Japan
| | - Takahiko Koike
- grid.467811.d0000 0001 2272 1771Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8585 Japan ,grid.275033.00000 0004 1763 208XDepartment of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Hayama, 240-0193 Japan
| | - Takaaki Yoshimoto
- grid.467811.d0000 0001 2272 1771Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8585 Japan ,grid.262576.20000 0000 8863 9909Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577 Japan
| | - Hideki Maki
- grid.256342.40000 0004 0370 4927Faculty of Regional Studies, Gifu University, Yanagido, 501-1193 Japan
| | - Norihiro Sadato
- grid.467811.d0000 0001 2272 1771Division of Cerebral Integration, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki, 444-8585 Japan ,grid.275033.00000 0004 1763 208XDepartment of Physiological Sciences, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), Hayama, 240-0193 Japan ,grid.262576.20000 0000 8863 9909Research Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, 525-8577 Japan
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17
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this systematic review was to identify the presence and nature of relationships between specific forms of aprosodia (i.e., expressive and receptive emotional and linguistic prosodic deficits) and other cognitive-communication deficits and disorders in individuals with right hemisphere damage (RHD) due to stroke. METHODS One hundred and ninety articles from 1970 to February 2020 investigating receptive and expressive prosody in patients with relatively focal right hemisphere brain damage were identified via database searches. RESULTS Fourteen articles were identified that met inclusion criteria, passed quality reviews, and included sufficient information about prosody and potential co-occurring deficits. Twelve articles investigated receptive emotional aprosodia, and two articles investigated receptive linguistic aprosodia. Across the included studies, receptive emotional prosody was not systematically associated with hemispatial neglect, but did co-occur with deficits in emotional facial recognition, interpersonal interactions, or emotional semantics. Receptive linguistic processing was reported to co-occur with amusia and hemispatial neglect. No studies were found that investigated the co-occurrence of expressive emotional or linguistic prosodic deficits with other cognitive-communication impairments. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review revealed significant gaps in the research literature regarding the co-occurrence of common right hemisphere disorders with prosodic deficits. More rigorous empirical inquiry is required to identify specific patient profiles based on clusters of deficits associated with right hemisphere stroke. Future research may determine whether the co-occurrences identified are due to shared cognitive-linguistic processes, and may inform the development of evidence-based assessment and treatment recommendations for individuals with cognitive-communication deficits subsequent to RHD.
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18
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Ukaegbe OC, Holt BE, Keator LM, Brownell H, Blake ML, Lundgren K. Aprosodia Following Focal Brain Damage: What's Right and What's Left? AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2022; 31:2313-2328. [PMID: 35868292 DOI: 10.1044/2022_ajslp-21-00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hemispheric specialization for the comprehension and expression of linguistic and emotional prosody is typically attributed to the right hemisphere. This study used techniques adapted from meta-analysis to critically examine the strength of existing evidence for hemispheric lateralization of prosody following brain damage. METHOD Twenty-one databases were searched for articles published from 1970 to 2020 addressing differences in prosody performance between groups defined by right hemisphere damage and left hemisphere damage. Hedges's g effect sizes were calculated for all possible prosody comparisons. Primary analyses summarize effects for four types: linguistic production, linguistic comprehension, emotion comprehension, and emotion production. Within each primary analysis, Hedges's g values were averaged across comparisons (usually from a single article) based on the same sample of individuals. Secondary analyses explore more specific classifications of comparisons. RESULTS Out of the 113 articles investigating comprehension and production of emotional and linguistic prosody, 62 were deemed appropriate for data extraction, but only 21 met inclusion criteria, passed quality reviews, and provided sufficient information for analysis. Evidence from this review illustrates the heterogeneity of research methods and results from studies that have investigated aprosodia. This review provides inconsistent support for selective contribution of the two cerebral hemispheres to prosody comprehension and production; however, the strongest finding suggests that right hemisphere lesions disrupt emotional prosody comprehension more than left hemisphere lesions. CONCLUSION This review highlights the impoverished nature of the existing literature; offers suggestions for future research; and highlights relevant clinical implications for the prognostication, evaluation, and treatment of aprosodia. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20334987.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onyinyechi C Ukaegbe
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of North Carolina Greensboro
| | - Brooke E Holt
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of North Carolina Greensboro
| | - Lynsey M Keator
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina, Columbia
| | - Hiram Brownell
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Boston College, MA
| | | | - Kristine Lundgren
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of North Carolina Greensboro
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19
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Newport EL, Seydell-Greenwald A, Landau B, Turkeltaub PE, Chambers CE, Martin KC, Rennert R, Giannetti M, Dromerick AW, Ichord RN, Carpenter JL, Berl MM, Gaillard WD. Language and developmental plasticity after perinatal stroke. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2207293119. [PMID: 36215488 PMCID: PMC9586296 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2207293119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The mature human brain is lateralized for language, with the left hemisphere (LH) primarily responsible for sentence processing and the right hemisphere (RH) primarily responsible for processing suprasegmental aspects of language such as vocal emotion. However, it has long been hypothesized that in early life there is plasticity for language, allowing young children to acquire language in other cortical regions when LH areas are damaged. If true, what are the constraints on functional reorganization? Which areas of the brain can acquire language, and what happens to the functions these regions ordinarily perform? We address these questions by examining long-term outcomes in adolescents and young adults who, as infants, had a perinatal arterial ischemic stroke to the LH areas ordinarily subserving sentence processing. We compared them with their healthy age-matched siblings. All participants were tested on a battery of behavioral and functional imaging tasks. While stroke participants were impaired in some nonlinguistic cognitive abilities, their processing of sentences and of vocal emotion was normal and equal to that of their healthy siblings. In almost all, these abilities have both developed in the healthy RH. Our results provide insights into the remarkable ability of the young brain to reorganize language. Reorganization is highly constrained, with sentence processing almost always in the RH frontotemporal regions homotopic to their location in the healthy brain. This activation is somewhat segregated from RH emotion processing, suggesting that the two functions perform best when each has its own neural territory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elissa L. Newport
- aCenter for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057
- bMedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington, DC 20010
- 1To whom correspondence may be addressed.
| | - Anna Seydell-Greenwald
- aCenter for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057
- bMedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington, DC 20010
| | - Barbara Landau
- aCenter for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057
- bMedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington, DC 20010
- cJohns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
| | - Peter E. Turkeltaub
- aCenter for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057
- bMedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington, DC 20010
| | - Catherine E. Chambers
- aCenter for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057
- bMedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington, DC 20010
| | - Kelly C. Martin
- aCenter for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057
- bMedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington, DC 20010
| | - Rebecca Rennert
- aCenter for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057
- bMedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington, DC 20010
| | - Margot Giannetti
- aCenter for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057
- bMedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington, DC 20010
| | - Alexander W. Dromerick
- aCenter for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057
- bMedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington, DC 20010
| | - Rebecca N. Ichord
- dPerelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania and Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104
| | | | - Madison M. Berl
- eChildren’s National Hospital and Center for Neuroscience, Washington, DC 20010
| | - William D. Gaillard
- aCenter for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057
- bMedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington, DC 20010
- eChildren’s National Hospital and Center for Neuroscience, Washington, DC 20010
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20
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Elizalde Acevedo B, Olano MA, Bendersky M, Kochen S, Agüero Vera V, Chambeaud N, Gargiulo M, Sabatte J, Gargiulo Á, Alba-Ferrara L. Brain mapping of emotional prosody in patients with drug-resistant temporal epilepsy: An indicator of plasticity. Cortex 2022; 153:97-109. [PMID: 35635861 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2022.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emotional prosody, a suprasegmental component of language, is predominantly processed by right temporo-frontal areas of the cerebral cortex. In temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), brain disturbances affecting prosody processing frequently occur. This research assesses compensatory brain mechanisms of prosody processing in refractory TLE using fMRI. METHODS Patients with focal unilateral epilepsy, right (RTLE) (N = 19), left (LTLE) (N = 19), and healthy controls (CTRL) (N = 20) were evaluated during a prosody decoding fMRI task. The stimuli consisted in spoken numbers with different tones of voice (joy, fear, anger, neutral and silent trials). Participants were instructed to label the emotion with a keypad. "Joy" was removed from the analysis due to a high degree of variability. A lateralization index (LI) was used to see individual differences in the interhemispheric activations of each participant. RESULTS Behaviorally, The LTLE and RTLE groups did not differ significantly from each other neither from CTRL. In Negative Emotions versus Baseline contrast, the whole sample analysis showed extensive activations in bilateral superior temporal gyrus, bilateral precentral and post-central gyrus, right putamen, and left cerebellar vermis. Compared to the LTLE and CTRL, RTLE activated similar areas, but to a lesser extent. The LI analysis revealed significant differences in hemispheric laterality of the temporal lobe and the parietal lobe between RTLE compared to LTLE and CTRL, being the RTLE group lateralized towards the left, unlike the other two groups. DISCUSSION The LI indicated that, since the CTRL and the LTLE groups recruited putative prosodic regions, the RTLE lateralized prosody processing towards the left, recruiting contralateral nodes, homotopic to the putative areas of the prosody. Considering that the groups did not differ in prosody task performance, the findings suggest that, in the RTLE group, alternative brain nodes were recruited for the task, demonstrating plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bautista Elizalde Acevedo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), CONICET-Universidad Austral, Derqui-Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Unidad Ejecutora para el Estudio de las Neurociencias y Sistemas Complejos (ENyS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - María A Olano
- Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Bendersky
- Unidad Ejecutora para el Estudio de las Neurociencias y Sistemas Complejos (ENyS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Anatomía Viviente, 3ra Cátedra de Anatomía Normal, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Kochen
- Unidad Ejecutora para el Estudio de las Neurociencias y Sistemas Complejos (ENyS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valentina Agüero Vera
- Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Nahuel Chambeaud
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Psicología, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mercedes Gargiulo
- Centro Integral de Salud Mental Argentino (CISMA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juliana Sabatte
- Centro Integral de Salud Mental Argentino (CISMA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ángel Gargiulo
- Centro Integral de Salud Mental Argentino (CISMA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Lucía Alba-Ferrara
- Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Unidad Ejecutora para el Estudio de las Neurociencias y Sistemas Complejos (ENyS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
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21
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Bulut T. Meta-analytic connectivity modeling of the left and right inferior frontal gyri. Cortex 2022; 155:107-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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22
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Stockbridge MD, Sheppard SM, Keator LM, Murray LL, Lehman Blake M. Aprosodia Subsequent to Right Hemisphere Brain Damage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2022; 28:709-735. [PMID: 34607619 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617721000825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify which aspects of prosody are negatively affected subsequent to right hemisphere brain damage (RHD) and to evaluate the methodological quality of the constituent studies. METHOD Twenty-one electronic databases were searched to identify articles from 1970 to February 2020 by entering keywords. Eligibility criteria for articles included a focus on adults with acquired RHD, prosody as the primary research topic, and publication in a peer-reviewed journal. A quality appraisal was conducted using a rubric adapted from Downs and Black (1998). RESULTS Of the 113 articles appraised as eligible and appropriate for inclusion, 71 articles were selected to undergo data extraction for both meta-analyses of population effect size estimates and qualitative synthesis. Across all domains of prosody, the effect estimate was g = 2.51 [95% CI (1.94, 3.09), t = 8.66, p < 0.0001], based on 129 contrasts between RHD and non-brain-damaged healthy controls (NBD), indicating a significant random effects model. This effect size was driven by findings in emotional prosody, g = 2.48 [95% CI (1.76, 3.20), t = 6.88, p < 0.0001]. Overall, studies of higher quality (rpb = 0.18, p < 0.001) and higher sample size/contrast ratio (rpb = 0.25, p < 0.001) were more likely to report significant differences between RHD and NBD participants. CONCLUSIONS The results confirm consistent evidence for emotional prosody deficits in the RHD population. Inconsistent evidence was observed across linguistic prosody domains and pervasive methodological issues were identified across studies, regardless of their prosody focus. These findings highlight the need for more rigorous and sufficiently high-powered designs to examine prosody subsequent to RHD, particularly within the linguistic prosody domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa D Stockbridge
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Shannon M Sheppard
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Lynsey M Keator
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Laura L Murray
- School of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Margaret Lehman Blake
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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23
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Pertz M, Braunwarth JI, Steinbach J, Wißing S, Thoma P. Social problem solving and trait socioemotional abilities in ambulatory stroke patients. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2022; 44:195-209. [PMID: 35856742 DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2022.2101619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stroke has been associated with sociocognitive impairment, so far well documented for emotion recognition and Theory of Mind. However, more complex abilities, such as social problem solving, which directly facilitate appropriate behavior in social situations have been neglected in previous research. METHOD The present study aimed to address this gap by focusing on performance-based social problem solving abilities and self-reported socioemotional abilities (i.e., empathy and alexithymia) in outpatient stroke patients (n = 36) compared to a group of healthy controls (n = 36) equivalent on age, gender, and education. In further analyses, potential lateralization effects and correlations between social problem solving/socioemotional functioning and demographic and clinical data were investigated. RESULTS In the main analyses, patients were impaired in their ability to freely generate appropriate solutions for challenging interpersonal situations depicted in written scenarios but performed on a comparable level as healthy controls when they had to choose the optimal solution presented amidst a range of less optimal options. While showing difficulty in identifying the awkward elements in the scenarios, the patient group nevertheless rated the degree of discomfort attributed to these elements on a level comparable to the control group. On the self-report measures, stroke patients reported overall higher degrees of alexithymia (i.e., an inability to describe and identify one's own and other persons´ emotions) and more personal distress in response to other individuals´ emotional suffering as assessed by self-report. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that stroke is associated with a broad impact on socioemotional and social problem solving abilities. As difficulties in social problem solving might be associated with increased psychosocial burden they ought to be addressed in stroke rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Pertz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jana Isabelle Braunwarth
- Faculty of Psychology, Neuropsychological Therapy Centre (NTC), Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jasmin Steinbach
- Faculty of Psychology, Neuropsychological Therapy Centre (NTC), Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Patrizia Thoma
- Faculty of Psychology, Neuropsychological Therapy Centre (NTC), Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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24
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Vitti E, Kim G, Stockbridge MD, Hillis AE, Faria AV. Left Hemisphere Bias of NIH Stroke Scale Is Most Severe for Middle Cerebral Artery Strokes. Front Neurol 2022; 13:912782. [PMID: 35775058 PMCID: PMC9237381 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.912782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
NIHSS score is higher for left vs. right hemisphere strokes of equal volumes. However, differences in each vascular territory have not been evaluated yet. We hypothesized that left vs. right differences are driven by the middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory, and there is no difference between hemispheres for other vascular territories. This study is based on data from 802 patients with evidence of acute ischemic stroke in one major arterial territory (MCA, n = 437; PCA, n = 209; ACA, n = 21; vertebrobasilar, n = 46). We examined differences in patients with left or right strokes regarding to lesion volume, NIHSS, and other covariates (age, sex, race). We used linear models to test the effects of these covariates on NIHSS. We looked at the whole sample as well as in the sample stratified by NIHSS (≤5 or >5) and by lesion location (MCA or PCA). Patients with left MCA strokes had significantly higher NIHSS than those with right strokes. Only patients with MCA strokes showed NIHSS score affected by the hemisphere when controlling for stroke volume and patient's age. This difference was driven by the more severe strokes (NIHSS>5). It is important to consider this systematic bias in the NIHSS when using the score for inclusion criteria for treatment or trials. Patients with right MCA stroke may be under-treated and left with disabling deficits that are not captured by the NIHSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Vitti
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ganghyun Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Melissa D. Stockbridge
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Argye E. Hillis
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation, and Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Andreia V. Faria
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Andreia V. Faria
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25
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Miceli G, Caccia A. Cortical disorders of speech processing: Pure word deafness and auditory agnosia. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2022; 187:69-87. [PMID: 35964993 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-823493-8.00005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Selective disorders of auditory speech processing due to brain lesions are reviewed. Over 120 years after the first anatomic report (Dejerine and Sérieux, 1898), fewer than 80 cumulative cases of generalized auditory agnosia and pure word deafness with documented brain lesions are on record. Most patients (approximately 70%) had vascular lesions. Damage is very frequently bilateral in generalized auditory agnosia, and more frequently unilateral in pure word deafness. In unilateral cases, anatomical disconnection is not a prerequisite, and disorders may be due to functional disconnection. Regardless of whether lesions are unilateral or bilateral, speech processing difficulties emerge in the presence of damage to the superior temporal regions of the language-dominant hemisphere, suggesting that speech input is processed asymmetrically at early stages already. Extant evidence does not allow establishing whether processing asymmetry originates in the primary auditory cortex or in higher associative cortices, nor whether auditory processing in the brainstem is entirely symmetric. Results are consistent with the view that the difficulty in processing auditory input characterized by quick spectral and/or temporal changes is one of the critical dimensions of the disorder. Forthcoming studies should focus on detailed audiologic, neurolinguistic, and neuroanatomic descriptions of each case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Miceli
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences - CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy; Centro Interdisciplinare Linceo 'Beniamino Segre'-Accademia dei Lincei, Rome, Italy.
| | - Antea Caccia
- Center for Mind/Brain Sciences - CIMeC, University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy; Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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26
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Costanza A, Amerio A, Aguglia A, Magnani L, Serafini G, Amore M, Merli R, Ambrosetti J, Bondolfi G, Marzano L, Berardelli I. "Hard to Say, Hard to Understand, Hard to Live": Possible Associations between Neurologic Language Impairments and Suicide Risk. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11121594. [PMID: 34942896 PMCID: PMC8699610 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11121594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In clinical practice, patients with language impairments often exhibit suicidal ideation (SI) and suicidal behavior (SB, covering the entire range from suicide attempts, SA, to completed suicides). However, only few studies exist regarding this subject. We conducted a mini-review on the possible associations between neurologic language impairment (on the motor, comprehension, and semantic sides) and SI/SB. Based on the literature review, we hypothesized that language impairments exacerbate psychiatric comorbidities, which, in turn, aggravate language impairments. Patients trapped in this vicious cycle can develop SI/SB. The so-called “affective prosody” provides some relevant insights concerning the interaction between the different language levels and the world of emotions. This hypothesis is illustrated in a clinical presentation, consisting of the case of a 74-year old woman who was admitted to a psychiatric emergency department (ED) after a failed SA. Having suffered an ischemic stroke two years earlier, she suffered from incomplete Broca’s aphasia and dysprosody. She also presented with generalized anxiety and depressive symptoms. We observed that her language impairments were both aggravated by the exacerbations of her anxiety and depressive symptoms. In this patient, who had deficits on the motor side, these exacerbations were triggered by her inability to express herself, her emotional status, and suffering. SI was fluctuant, and—one year after the SA—she completed suicide. Further studies are needed to ascertain possible reciprocal and interacting associations between language impairments, psychiatric comorbidities, and SI/SB. They could enable clinicians to better understand their patient’s specific suffering, as brought on by language impairment, and contribute to the refining of suicide risk detection in this sub-group of affected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Costanza
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-22-3797111
| | - Andrea Amerio
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.A.); (A.A.); (L.M.); (G.S.); (M.A.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Andrea Aguglia
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.A.); (A.A.); (L.M.); (G.S.); (M.A.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Luca Magnani
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.A.); (A.A.); (L.M.); (G.S.); (M.A.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Gianluca Serafini
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.A.); (A.A.); (L.M.); (G.S.); (M.A.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Mario Amore
- Department of Neuroscience, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health (DINOGMI), Section of Psychiatry, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (A.A.); (A.A.); (L.M.); (G.S.); (M.A.)
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberto Merli
- Mental Health and Suicide Prevention Center, Department of Mental Health, 13900 Biella, Italy;
| | - Julia Ambrosetti
- Emergency Psychiatric Unit (UAUP), Department of Psychiatry and Department of Emergency, Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Guido Bondolfi
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva (UNIGE), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
- Department of Psychiatry, Service of Liaison Psychiatry and Crisis Intervention (SPLIC), Geneva University Hospitals (HUG), 1211 Geneva, Switzerland;
| | - Lisa Marzano
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London NW4 4BT, UK;
| | - Isabella Berardelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Suicide Prevention Center, Sant’Andrea Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
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27
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Psychiatric sequelae of stroke affecting the non-dominant cerebral hemisphere. J Neurol Sci 2021; 430:120007. [PMID: 34624794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2021.120007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
There are a plethora of cognitive sequelae in addition to neglect and extinction that arise with unilateral right hemispheric stroke (RHS). Cognitive deficits following non-dominant (right) hemisphere stroke are common with unilateral neglect and extinction being the most recognized examples. The severity of RHS is usually underestimated by the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), which in terms of lateralized right hemisphere cognitive deficits, tests only for visual inattention/extinction. They account for 2 out of 42 total possible points. Additional neuropsychiatric sequelae include but are not limited to deficiencies in affective prosody comprehension and production (aprosodias), understanding and expressing facial emotions, empathy, recognition of familiar faces, anxiety, mania, apathy, and psychosis. These sequelae have a profound impact on patients' quality of life; affecting communication, interpersonal relationships, and the ability to fulfill social roles. They also pose additional challenges to recovery. There is presently a gap in the literature regarding a cohesive overview of the significant cognitive sequelae following RHS. This paper serves as a narrative survey of the current understanding of the subject, with particular emphasis on neuropsychiatric poststroke syndromes not predominantly associated with left hemisphere lesions (LHL), bilateral lesions, hemiplegia, or paralysis. A more comprehensive understanding of the neuropsychological consequences of RHS extending beyond the typical associations of unilateral neglect and extinction may have important implications for clinical practice, including the ways in which clinicians approach diagnostics, treatment, and rehabilitation.
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28
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Sihvonen AJ, Sammler D, Ripollés P, Leo V, Rodríguez-Fornells A, Soinila S, Särkämö T. Right ventral stream damage underlies both poststroke aprosodia and amusia. Eur J Neurol 2021; 29:873-882. [PMID: 34661326 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE This study was undertaken to determine and compare lesion patterns and structural dysconnectivity underlying poststroke aprosodia and amusia, using a data-driven multimodal neuroimaging approach. METHODS Thirty-nine patients with right or left hemisphere stroke were enrolled in a cohort study and tested for linguistic and affective prosody perception and musical pitch and rhythm perception at subacute and 3-month poststroke stages. Participants listened to words spoken with different prosodic stress that changed their meaning, and to words spoken with six different emotions, and chose which meaning or emotion was expressed. In the music tasks, participants judged pairs of short melodies as the same or different in terms of pitch or rhythm. Structural magnetic resonance imaging data were acquired at both stages, and machine learning-based lesion-symptom mapping and deterministic tractography were used to identify lesion patterns and damaged white matter pathways giving rise to aprosodia and amusia. RESULTS Both aprosodia and amusia were behaviorally strongly correlated and associated with similar lesion patterns in right frontoinsular and striatal areas. In multiple regression models, reduced fractional anisotropy and lower tract volume of the right inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus were the strongest predictors for both disorders, over time. CONCLUSIONS These results highlight a common origin of aprosodia and amusia, both arising from damage and disconnection of the right ventral auditory stream integrating rhythmic-melodic acoustic information in prosody and music. Comorbidity of these disabilities may worsen the prognosis and affect rehabilitation success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksi J Sihvonen
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Daniela Sammler
- Research Group "Neurocognition of Music and Language, Max Planck Institute for Empirical Aesthetics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Pablo Ripollés
- Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, New York, USA
| | - Vera Leo
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Antoni Rodríguez-Fornells
- Cognition and Brain Plasticity Group, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain.,Department of Cognition, Development, and Education Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Seppo Soinila
- Neurocenter, Turku University Hospital and Division of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Teppo Särkämö
- Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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29
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Poćwierz-Marciniak I, Harciarek M. The Effect of Musical Stimulation and Mother's Voice on the Early Development of Musical Abilities: A Neuropsychological Perspective. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:8467. [PMID: 34444216 PMCID: PMC8393253 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18168467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
An infant's early contact with music affects its future development in a broad sense, including the development of musical aptitude. Contact with the mother's voice, both prenatally and after birth, is also extremely important for creating an emotional bond between the infant and the mother. This article discusses the role that auditory experience-both typically musical and that associated with the mother's voice-plays in fetal, neonatal, and infant development, particularly in terms of musical aptitude. Attempts have also been made to elucidate the neuropsychological mechanisms underlying the positive effects that appropriate musical stimulation can have on a child's development.
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30
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Ross ED. Differential Hemispheric Lateralization of Emotions and Related Display Behaviors: Emotion-Type Hypothesis. Brain Sci 2021; 11:1034. [PMID: 34439653 PMCID: PMC8393469 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11081034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
There are two well-known hypotheses regarding hemispheric lateralization of emotions. The Right Hemisphere Hypothesis (RHH) postulates that emotions and associated display behaviors are a dominant and lateralized function of the right hemisphere. The Valence Hypothesis (VH) posits that negative emotions and related display behaviors are modulated by the right hemisphere and positive emotions and related display behaviors are modulated by the left hemisphere. Although both the RHH and VH are supported by extensive research data, they are mutually exclusive, suggesting that there may be a missing factor in play that may provide a more accurate description of how emotions are lateralization in the brain. Evidence will be presented that provides a much broader perspective of emotions by embracing the concept that emotions can be classified into primary and social types and that hemispheric lateralization is better explained by the Emotion-type Hypothesis (ETH). The ETH posits that primary emotions and related display behaviors are modulated by the right hemisphere and social emotions and related display behaviors are modulated by the left hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elliott D. Ross
- Department of Neurology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA; or
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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31
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Durfee AZ, Sheppard SM, Blake ML, Hillis AE. Lesion loci of impaired affective prosody: A systematic review of evidence from stroke. Brain Cogn 2021; 152:105759. [PMID: 34118500 PMCID: PMC8324538 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2021.105759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Affective prosody, or the changes in rate, rhythm, pitch, and loudness that convey emotion, has long been implicated as a function of the right hemisphere (RH), yet there is a dearth of literature identifying the specific neural regions associated with its processing. The current systematic review aimed to evaluate the evidence on affective prosody localization in the RH. One hundred and ninety articles from 1970 to February 2020 investigating affective prosody comprehension and production in patients with focal brain damage were identified via database searches. Eleven articles met inclusion criteria, passed quality reviews, and were analyzed for affective prosody localization. Acute, subacute, and chronic lesions demonstrated similar profile characteristics. Localized right antero-superior (i.e., dorsal stream) regions contributed to affective prosody production impairments, whereas damage to more postero-lateral (i.e., ventral stream) regions resulted in affective prosody comprehension deficits. This review provides support that distinct RH regions are vital for affective prosody comprehension and production, aligning with literature reporting RH activation for affective prosody processing in healthy adults as well. The impact of study design on resulting interpretations is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Zezinka Durfee
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States.
| | - Shannon M Sheppard
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States; Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Chapman University Crean College of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Irvine, CA 92618, United States
| | - Margaret L Blake
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Houston College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, Houston, TX 77204, United States
| | - Argye E Hillis
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, United States; Department of Cognitive Science, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, United States
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Multiple prosodic meanings are conveyed through separate pitch ranges: Evidence from perception of focus and surprise in Mandarin Chinese. COGNITIVE AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2021; 21:1164-1175. [PMID: 34331268 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-021-00930-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
F0 variation is a crucial feature in speech prosody, which can convey linguistic information such as focus and paralinguistic meanings such as surprise. How can multiple layers of information be represented with F0 in speech: are they divided into discrete layers of pitch or overlapped without clear divisions? We investigated this question by assessing pitch perception of focus and surprise in Mandarin Chinese. Seventeen native Mandarin listeners rated the strength of focus and surprise conveyed by the same set of synthetically manipulated sentences. An fMRI experiment was conducted to assess neural correlates of the listeners' perceptual response to the stimuli. The results showed that behaviourally, the perceptual threshold for focus was 3 semitones and that for surprise was 5 semitones above the baseline. Moreover, the pitch range of 5-12 semitones above the baseline signalled both focus and surprise, suggesting a considerable overlap between the two types of prosodic information within this range. The neuroimaging data positively correlated with the variations in behavioural data. Also, a ceiling effect was found as no significant behavioural differences or neural activities were shown after reaching a certain pitch level for the perception of focus and surprise respectively. Together, the results suggest that different layers of prosodic information are represented in F0 through different pitch ranges: paralinguistic information is represented at a pitch range beyond that used by linguistic information. Meanwhile, the representation of paralinguistic information is achieved without obscuring linguistic prosody, thus allowing F0 to represent the two layers of information in parallel.
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Reorganization of the Social Brain in Individuals with Only One Intact Cerebral Hemisphere. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11080965. [PMID: 34439583 PMCID: PMC8392565 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11080965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Social cognition and emotion are ubiquitous human processes that recruit a reliable set of brain networks in healthy individuals. These brain networks typically comprise midline (e.g., medial prefrontal cortex) as well as lateral regions of the brain including homotopic regions in both hemispheres (e.g., left and right temporo-parietal junction). Yet the necessary roles of these networks, and the broader roles of the left and right cerebral hemispheres in socioemotional functioning, remains debated. Here, we investigated these questions in four rare adults whose right (three cases) or left (one case) cerebral hemisphere had been surgically removed (to a large extent) to treat epilepsy. We studied four closely matched healthy comparison participants, and also compared the patient findings to data from a previously published larger healthy comparison sample (n = 33). Participants completed standardized socioemotional and cognitive assessments to investigate social cognition. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were obtained during passive viewing of a short, animated movie that distinctively recruits two social brain networks: one engaged when thinking about other agents’ internal mental states (e.g., beliefs, desires, emotions; so-called Theory of Mind or ToM network), and the second engaged when thinking about bodily states (e.g., pain, hunger; so-called PAIN network). Behavioral assessments demonstrated remarkably intact general cognitive functioning in all individuals with hemispherectomy. Social-emotional functioning was somewhat variable in the hemispherectomy participants, but strikingly, none of these individuals had consistently impaired social-emotional processing and none of the assessment scores were consistent with a psychiatric disorder. Using inter-region correlation analyses, we also found surprisingly typical ToM and PAIN networks, as well as typical differentiation of the two networks (in the intact hemisphere of patients with either right or left hemispherectomy), based on idiosyncratic reorganization of cortical activation. The findings argue that compensatory brain networks can process social and emotional information following hemispherectomy across different age levels (from 3 months to 20 years old), and suggest that social brain networks typically distributed across midline and lateral brain regions in this domain can be reorganized, to a substantial degree.
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Lin RZ, Marsh EB. Abnormal singing can identify patients with right hemisphere cortical strokes at risk for impaired prosody. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26280. [PMID: 34115027 PMCID: PMC8202571 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite lacking aphasia seen with left hemisphere (LH) infarcts involving the middle cerebral artery territory, right hemisphere (RH) strokes can result in significant difficulties in affective prosody. These impairments may be more difficult to identify but lead to significant communication problems.We determine if evaluation of singing can accurately identify stroke patients with cortical RH infarcts at risk for prosodic impairment who may benefit from rehabilitation.A prospective cohort of 36 patients evaluated with acute ischemic stroke was recruited. Participants underwent an experimental battery evaluating their singing, prosody comprehension, and prosody production. Singing samples were rated by 2 independent reviewers as subjectively "normal" or "abnormal," and analyzed for properties of the fundamental frequency. Relationships between infarct location, singing, and prosody performance were evaluated using t tests and chi-squared analysis.Eighty percent of participants with LH cortical strokes were unable to successfully complete any of the tasks due to severe aphasia. For the remainder, singing ratings corresponded to stroke location for 68% of patients. RH cortical strokes demonstrated a lower mean fundamental frequency while singing than those with subcortical infarcts (176.8 vs 130.4, P = 0.02). They also made more errors on tasks of prosody comprehension (28.6 vs 16.0, P < 0.001) and production (40.4 vs 18.4, P < 0.001).Patients with RH cortical infarcts are more likely to exhibit impaired prosody comprehension and production and demonstrate the poor variation of tone when singing compared to patients with subcortical infarcts. A simple singing screen is able to successfully identify patients with cortical lesions and potential prosodic deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Z. Lin
- Department of Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University
| | - Elisabeth B. Marsh
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Block G, Jannati A, Maynard TR, Pascual-Leone A, O’Connor MG. Personality in Autism Spectrum Disorder: Associations With Face Memory Deficit and Theory of Mind. Cogn Behav Neurol 2021; 34:117-128. [PMID: 34074866 PMCID: PMC8186733 DOI: 10.1097/wnn.0000000000000271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the personality profiles of adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using a standard personality assessment and to investigate the association between personality, ASD-related face memory deficit (FMD), and theory of mind (ToM). In a broader context, to examine whether there are distinct clinical phenotypes in the ASD population that have implications for personality development and treatment. METHOD Fifty-five adults with ASD and 22 neurotypical (NT) adults underwent a battery of neuropsychological tests, including measures of personality, face memory, and ToM. We compared ASD and NT groups in terms of their Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) profiles. Additional analyses focused on the association between specific PAI scales and FMD. Performance on the Eyes Test was compared across groups and was examined in relation to FMD. RESULTS Adults with ASD demonstrated significant elevations on several PAI scales compared with NT adults. The presence of FMD was associated with differing PAI profiles among the ASD adults. The ASD adults with FMD scored significantly higher on scales that are sensitive to positive impression management and treatment rejection and significantly lower on scales that are sensitive to borderline personality, anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, and stress. There was a significant association between performance on the Eyes Test and FMD in the ASD group. CONCLUSION Adults with ASD have a unique personality profile. Further, ASD adults with FMD have reduced insight into their difficulties with emotional processing and may not be as sensitive as ASD adults without FMD to the emotions of others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Block
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Neuromodulation Program and Division of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ali Jannati
- Berenson-Allen Center for Noninvasive Brain Stimulation, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Neuromodulation Program and Division of Epilepsy and Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Taylor R. Maynard
- Division of Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alvaro Pascual-Leone
- Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Hinda and Arthur Marcus Institute for Aging Research and Center for Memory Health, Hebrew SeniorLife, Boston, MA, USA
- Institut Guttman de Neurorehabilitació, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margaret G. O’Connor
- Division of Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Durfee AZ, Sheppard SM, Meier EL, Bunker L, Cui E, Crainiceanu C, Hillis AE. Explicit Training to Improve Affective Prosody Recognition in Adults with Acute Right Hemisphere Stroke. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11050667. [PMID: 34065453 PMCID: PMC8161405 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11050667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Difficulty recognizing affective prosody (receptive aprosodia) can occur following right hemisphere damage (RHD). Not all individuals spontaneously recover their ability to recognize affective prosody, warranting behavioral intervention. However, there is a dearth of evidence-based receptive aprosodia treatment research in this clinical population. The purpose of the current study was to investigate an explicit training protocol targeting affective prosody recognition in adults with RHD and receptive aprosodia. Eighteen adults with receptive aprosodia due to acute RHD completed affective prosody recognition before and after a short training session that targeted proposed underlying perceptual and conceptual processes. Behavioral impairment and lesion characteristics were investigated as possible influences on training effectiveness. Affective prosody recognition improved following training, and recognition accuracy was higher for pseudo- vs. real-word sentences. Perceptual deficits were associated with the most posterior infarcts, conceptual deficits were associated with frontal infarcts, and a combination of perceptual-conceptual deficits were related to temporoparietal and subcortical infarcts. Several right hemisphere ventral stream regions and pathways along with frontal and parietal hypoperfusion predicted training effectiveness. Explicit acoustic-prosodic-emotion training improves affective prosody recognition, but it may not be appropriate for everyone. Factors such as linguistic context and lesion location should be considered when planning prosody training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Zezinka Durfee
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (A.Z.D.); (E.L.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Shannon M. Sheppard
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Chapman University, Irvine, CA 92618, USA;
| | - Erin L. Meier
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (A.Z.D.); (E.L.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Northeastern University, Boston, MD 02115, USA
| | - Lisa Bunker
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (A.Z.D.); (E.L.M.); (L.B.)
| | - Erjia Cui
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (E.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Ciprian Crainiceanu
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (E.C.); (C.C.)
| | - Argye E. Hillis
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; (A.Z.D.); (E.L.M.); (L.B.)
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Department of Cognitive Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Correspondence:
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Sheppard SM, Meier EL, Zezinka Durfee A, Walker A, Shea J, Hillis AE. Characterizing subtypes and neural correlates of receptive aprosodia in acute right hemisphere stroke. Cortex 2021; 141:36-54. [PMID: 34029857 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Speakers naturally produce prosodic variations depending on their emotional state. Receptive prosody has several processing stages. We aimed to conduct lesion-symptom mapping to determine whether damage (core infarct or hypoperfusion) to specific brain areas was associated with receptive aprosodia or with impairment at different processing stages in individuals with acute right hemisphere stroke. We also aimed to determine whether different subtypes of receptive aprosodia exist that are characterized by distinctive behavioral performance patterns. METHODS Twenty patients with receptive aprosodia following right hemisphere ischemic stroke were enrolled within five days of stroke; clinical imaging was acquired. Participants completed tests of receptive emotional prosody, and tests of each stage of prosodic processing (Stage 1: acoustic analysis; Stage 2: analyzing abstract representations of acoustic characteristics that convey emotion; Stage 3: semantic processing). Emotional facial recognition was also assessed. LASSO regression was used to identify predictors of performance on each behavioral task. Predictors entered into each model included 14 right hemisphere regions, hypoperfusion in four vascular territories as measured using FLAIR hyperintense vessel ratings, lesion volume, age, and education. A k-medoid cluster analysis was used to identify different subtypes of receptive aprosodia based on performance on the behavioral tasks. RESULTS Impaired receptive emotional prosody and impaired emotional facial expression recognition were both predicted by greater percent damage to the caudate. The k-medoid cluster analysis identified three different subtypes of aprosodia. One group was primarily impaired on Stage 1 processing and primarily had frontotemporal lesions. The second group had a domain-general emotion recognition impairment and maximal lesion overlap in subcortical areas. Finally, the third group was characterized by a Stage 2 processing deficit and had lesion overlap in posterior regions. CONCLUSIONS Subcortical structures, particularly the caudate, play an important role in emotional prosody comprehension. Receptive aprosodia can result from impairments at different processing stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M Sheppard
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Chapman University, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - Erin L Meier
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Alex Walker
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer Shea
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Argye E Hillis
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Cognitive Science, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Janssen N, Mendieta CCR. The Dynamics of Speech Motor Control Revealed with Time-Resolved fMRI. Cereb Cortex 2021; 30:241-255. [PMID: 31070731 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhz084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Holding a conversation means that speech must be started, maintained, and stopped continuously. The brain networks that underlie these aspects of speech motor control remain poorly understood. Here we collected functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data while participants produced normal and fast rate speech in response to sequences of visually presented objects. We took a non-conventional approach to fMRI data analysis that allowed us to study speech motor behavior as it unfolded over time. To this end, whole-brain fMRI signals were extracted in stimulus-locked epochs using slice-based fMRI. These data were then subjected to group independent component analysis to discover spatially independent networks that were associated with different temporal activation profiles. The results revealed two basic brain networks with different temporal dynamics: a cortical network that was activated continuously during speech production, and a second cortico-subcortical network that increased in activity during the initiation and suppression of speech production. Additional analyses explored whether key areas involved in motor suppression such as the right inferior frontal gyrus, sub-thalamic nucleus and pre-supplementary motor area provide first-order signals to stop speech. The results reveal for the first time the brain networks associated with the initiation, maintenance, and suppression of speech motor behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Janssen
- Psychology Department, Universidad de la Laguna, La Laguna, Spain.,Instituto de Tecnologías Biomédicas, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Spain.,Instituto de Neurociencias, Universidad de la Laguna, La Laguna, Spain
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O'Connell K, Marsh AA, Edwards DF, Dromerick AW, Seydell-Greenwald A. Emotion recognition impairments and social well-being following right-hemisphere stroke. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2021; 32:1337-1355. [PMID: 33615994 PMCID: PMC8379297 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2021.1888756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Accurately recognizing and responding to the emotions of others is essential for proper social communication and helps bind strong relationships that are particularly important for stroke survivors. Emotion recognition typically engages cortical areas that are predominantly right-lateralized including superior temporal and inferior frontal gyri - regions frequently impacted by right-hemisphere stroke. Since prior work already links right-hemisphere stroke to deficits in emotion recognition, this research aims to extend these findings to determine whether impaired emotion recognition after right-hemisphere stroke is associated with worse social well-being outcomes. Eighteen right-hemisphere stroke patients (≥6 months post-stroke) and 21 neurologically healthy controls completed a multimodal emotion recognition test (Geneva Emotion Recognition Test - Short) and reported engagement in social/non-social activities and levels of social support. Right-hemisphere stroke was associated with worse emotion recognition accuracy, though not all patients exhibited impairment. In line with hypotheses, emotion recognition impairments were associated with greater loss of social activities after stroke, an effect that could not be attributed to stroke severity or loss of non-social activities. Impairments were also linked to reduced patient-reported social support. Results implicate emotion recognition difficulties as a potential antecedent of social withdrawal after stroke and warrant future research to test emotion recognition training post-stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine O'Connell
- Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Abigail A Marsh
- Department of Psychology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Dorothy Farrar Edwards
- Department of Kinesiology and Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Alexander W Dromerick
- MedStar National Rehabilitation Hospital, Washington, DC, USA.,Center for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Anna Seydell-Greenwald
- Center for Brain Plasticity and Recovery, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
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Disorders of vocal emotional expression and comprehension: The aprosodias. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2021; 183:63-98. [PMID: 34389126 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822290-4.00005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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A Scope of the Social Brain in Multiple Sclerosis: Insights From Neuroimaging Studies. Cogn Behav Neurol 2020; 33:90-102. [PMID: 32496294 DOI: 10.1097/wnn.0000000000000227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common inflammatory neurologic disease in young adults. Its pathological mechanisms include demyelination, neurodegeneration, and synaptopathy. Cognitive deficits occur in up to 65% of individuals with MS and affect both nonsocial (eg, information processing speed, memory, and executive functions) and social (ie, emotion recognition, theory of mind, and empathy) cognitive domains. In the last 3 decades, there has been a growing interest in social cognition and its relationship with neuropsychological, sociodemographic, and disease characteristics in individuals with MS. Uncovering the neuropathological correlates of social cognitive deficits is now a crucial aim that would also help us better understand the underlying mechanisms of social cognition. We reviewed 11 neuroimaging studies to investigate social cognition in MS. These studies focused mainly on facial emotion recognition and theory of mind, with the findings suggesting that a disrupted cortico-subcortical network forms the basis of social deficits involving both domains. We then interpreted these results in the context of multiple disconnection syndrome, which occurs as a result of axonal demyelination and degeneration within the connexome of several neural hubs devoted to social cognition. Heterogeneity in social cognitive performance, observed among our study participants, is discussed with reference to the cognitive reserve and brain reserve hypotheses. These reserves may explain why individuals with comparable clinical characteristics of MS may exhibit different cognitive profiles. Further research is required to generalize these findings to the MS population and to inform the development of effective interventions to improve psychosocial functioning in individuals with MS.
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MIURA I, OVERTON ET, NAKAI N, KAWAMATA T, SATO M, TAKUMI T. Imaging the Neural Circuit Basis of Social Behavior: Insights from Mouse and Human Studies. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2020; 60:429-438. [PMID: 32863321 PMCID: PMC7490602 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.ra.2020-0088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Social behavior includes a variety of behaviors that are expressed between two or more individuals. In humans, impairment of social function (i.e., social behavior and social cognition) is seen in neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders including autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and stroke, respectively. In basic neuroscience research, fluorescence monitoring of neural activity, such as immediate early gene (IEG)-mediated whole-brain mapping, fiber photometry, and calcium imaging using a miniaturized head-mounted microscope or a two-photon microscope, and non-fluorescence imaging such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) are increasingly used to measure the activity of many neurons and multiple brain areas in animals during social behavior. In this review, we overview recent rodent studies that have investigated the dynamics of brain activity during social behavior at the whole-brain and local circuit levels and studies that explored the neural basis of social function in healthy, in brain-injured, and in autistic human subjects. A synthesis of such findings will advance our understanding of brain mechanisms underlying social behavior and facilitate the development of pharmaceutical and functional neurosurgical interventions for brain disorders affecting social function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isamu MIURA
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Nobuhiro NAKAI
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Takakazu KAWAMATA
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaaki SATO
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Toru TAKUMI
- RIKEN Center for Brain Science, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama, Japan
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Prosodic influence in face emotion perception: evidence from functional near-infrared spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14345. [PMID: 32873844 PMCID: PMC7462865 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Emotion is communicated via the integration of concurrently presented information from multiple information channels, such as voice, face, gesture and touch. This study investigated the neural and perceptual correlates of emotion perception as influenced by facial and vocal information by measuring changes in oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO) using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) and acquiring psychometrics. HbO activity was recorded from 103 channels while participants ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) were presented with vocalizations produced in either a happy, angry or neutral prosody. Voices were presented alone or paired with an emotional face and compared with a face-only condition. Behavioral results indicated that when voices were paired with faces, a bias in the direction of the emotion of the voice was present. Subjects' responses also showed greater variance and longer reaction times when responding to the bimodal conditions when compared to the face-only condition. While both the happy and angry prosody conditions exhibited right lateralized increases in HbO compared to the neutral condition, these activations were segregated into posterior-anterior subdivisions by emotion. Specific emotional prosodies may therefore differentially influence emotion perception, with happy voices exhibiting posterior activity in receptive emotion areas and angry voices displaying activity in anterior expressive emotion areas.
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Weed E, Fusaroli R. Acoustic Measures of Prosody in Right-Hemisphere Damage: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2020; 63:1762-1775. [PMID: 32432947 DOI: 10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The aim of the study was to use systematic review and meta-analysis to quantitatively assess the currently available acoustic evidence for prosodic production impairments as a result of right-hemisphere damage (RHD), as well as to develop methodological recommendations for future studies. Method We systematically reviewed papers reporting acoustic features of prosodic production in RHD in order to identify shortcomings in the literature and make recommendations for future studies. We estimated the meta-analytic effect size of the acoustic features. We extracted standardized mean differences from 16 papers and estimated aggregated effect sizes using hierarchical Bayesian regression models. Results RHD did present reduced fundamental frequency variation, but the trait was shared with left-hemisphere damage. RHD also presented evidence for increased pause duration. No meta-analytic evidence for an effect of prosody type (emotional vs. linguistic) was found. Conclusions Taken together, the currently available acoustic data show only a weak specific effect of RHD on prosody production. However, the results are not definitive, as more reliable analyses are hindered by small sample sizes, lack of detail on lesion location, and divergent measuring techniques. We propose recommendations to overcome these issues: Cumulative science practices (e.g., open data and code sharing), more nuanced speech signal processing techniques, and the integration of acoustic measures and perceptual judgments are recommended to more effectively investigate prosody in RHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan Weed
- School of Communication and Culture, Aarhus University, Denmark
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Mirrored brain organization: Statistical anomaly or reversal of hemispheric functional segregation bias? Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:14057-14065. [PMID: 32513702 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2002981117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans demonstrate a prototypical hemispheric functional segregation pattern, with language and praxis lateralizing to the left hemisphere and spatial attention, face recognition, and emotional prosody to the right hemisphere. In this study, we used fMRI to determine laterality for all five functions in each participant. Crucially, we recruited a sample of left-handers preselected for atypical (right) language dominance (n = 24), which allowed us to characterize hemispheric asymmetry of the other functions and compare their functional segregation pattern with that of left-handers showing typical language dominance (n = 39). Our results revealed that most participants with left language dominance display the prototypical pattern of functional hemispheric segregation (44%) or deviate from this pattern in only one function (35%). Similarly, the vast majority of right language dominant participants demonstrated a completely mirrored brain organization (50%) or a reversal for all but one cognitive function (32%). Participants deviating by more than one function from the standard segregation pattern showed poorer cognitive performance, in line with an oft-presumed biological advantage of hemispheric functional segregation.
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Cao S, Zhang J, Wang Z, Pan W, Tian Y, Hu P, Wei Q, Wang J, Shi X, Wang K. Laterality of Attentional Networks in Patients With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:21. [PMID: 32265683 PMCID: PMC7098913 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Problems with attention are common in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). The normal human brain exhibits functional and structural asymmetry. However, it is unknown whether there is lateralization of attention in patients with CSVD. Objective: This study aims to investigate attention separately in both cerebral hemispheres in patients with CSVD using the computer-based Lateralized Attention Network Test—Revised (LANT-R). Methods: The total number of subjects included was 58, which includes the CSVD (N = 35) and healthy control (HC, N = 23) groups. All subjects completed the LANT-R paradigm and neuropsychological background tests. Results: The results indicate that there is an left hemisphere (LH) lateralization in orienting network efficiency in the HC group. However, this lateralization was not apparent in the CSVD group. Furthermore, the difference between groups was significant (interaction P = 0.02). In addition, the scores of subjects in the CSVD group are lower in several cognitive domains, including attention function, memory function, information processing speed, and executive function, compared with the controls. Conclusion: Patients with CSVD change in the lateralization of attention compared with the normal elderly. The decrease in attention in patients with CSVD might be caused by the reduced ability of selecting useful information in the LH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Cao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhiqi Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China
| | - Wen Pan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China
| | - Yanghua Tian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, China
| | - Panpan Hu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, China
| | - Jingye Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiuli Shi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Cognition and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Hefei, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Neuropsychiatric Disorders and Mental Health, Hefei, China
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Sheppard SM, Keator LM, Breining BL, Wright AE, Saxena S, Tippett DC, Hillis AE. Right hemisphere ventral stream for emotional prosody identification: Evidence from acute stroke. Neurology 2019; 94:e1013-e1020. [PMID: 31892632 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000008870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether right ventral stream and limbic structures (including posterior superior temporal gyrus [STG], STG, temporal pole, inferior frontal gyrus pars orbitalis, orbitofrontal cortex, amygdala, anterior cingulate, gyrus, and the sagittal stratum) are implicated in emotional prosody identification. METHODS Patients with MRI scans within 48 hours of unilateral right hemisphere ischemic stroke were enrolled. Participants were presented with 24 sentences with neutral semantic content spoken with happy, sad, angry, afraid, surprised, or bored prosody and chose which emotion the speaker was feeling based on tone of voice. Multivariable linear regression was used to identify individual predictors of emotional prosody identification accuracy from a model, including percent damage to proposed right hemisphere structures, age, education, and lesion volume across all emotions (overall emotion identification) and 6 individual emotions. Patterns of recovery were also examined at the chronic stage. RESULTS The overall emotion identification model was significant (adjusted r 2 = 0.52; p = 0.043); greater damage to right posterior STG (p = 0.038) and older age (p = 0.009) were individual predictors of impairment. The model for recognition of fear was also significant (adjusted r 2 = 0.77; p = 0.002), with greater damage to right amygdala (p = 0.047), older age (p < 0.001), and less education (p = 0.005) as individual predictors. Over half of patients with chronic stroke had residual impairments. CONCLUSIONS Right posterior STG in the right hemisphere ventral stream is critical for emotion identification in speech. Patients with stroke with damage to this area should be assessed for emotion identification impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M Sheppard
- From the Departments of Neurology (S.M.S., L.M.K., B.L.B., A.E.W., S.S., D.C.T., A.E.H.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (D.C.T., A.E.H.), and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.C.T.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Department of Cognitive Science (A.E.H.), Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
| | - Lynsey M Keator
- From the Departments of Neurology (S.M.S., L.M.K., B.L.B., A.E.W., S.S., D.C.T., A.E.H.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (D.C.T., A.E.H.), and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.C.T.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Department of Cognitive Science (A.E.H.), Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Bonnie L Breining
- From the Departments of Neurology (S.M.S., L.M.K., B.L.B., A.E.W., S.S., D.C.T., A.E.H.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (D.C.T., A.E.H.), and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.C.T.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Department of Cognitive Science (A.E.H.), Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Amy E Wright
- From the Departments of Neurology (S.M.S., L.M.K., B.L.B., A.E.W., S.S., D.C.T., A.E.H.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (D.C.T., A.E.H.), and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.C.T.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Department of Cognitive Science (A.E.H.), Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Sadhvi Saxena
- From the Departments of Neurology (S.M.S., L.M.K., B.L.B., A.E.W., S.S., D.C.T., A.E.H.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (D.C.T., A.E.H.), and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.C.T.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Department of Cognitive Science (A.E.H.), Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Donna C Tippett
- From the Departments of Neurology (S.M.S., L.M.K., B.L.B., A.E.W., S.S., D.C.T., A.E.H.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (D.C.T., A.E.H.), and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.C.T.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Department of Cognitive Science (A.E.H.), Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Argye E Hillis
- From the Departments of Neurology (S.M.S., L.M.K., B.L.B., A.E.W., S.S., D.C.T., A.E.H.), Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (D.C.T., A.E.H.), and Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery (D.C.T.), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; and Department of Cognitive Science (A.E.H.), Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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What you say versus how you say it: Comparing sentence comprehension and emotional prosody processing using fMRI. Neuroimage 2019; 209:116509. [PMID: 31899288 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
While language processing is often described as lateralized to the left hemisphere (LH), the processing of emotion carried by vocal intonation is typically attributed to the right hemisphere (RH) and more specifically, to areas mirroring the LH language areas. However, the evidence base for this hypothesis is inconsistent, with some studies supporting right-lateralization but others favoring bilateral involvement in emotional prosody processing. Here we compared fMRI activations for an emotional prosody task with those for a sentence comprehension task in 20 neurologically healthy adults, quantifying lateralization using a lateralization index. We observed right-lateralized frontotemporal activations for emotional prosody that roughly mirrored the left-lateralized activations for sentence comprehension. In addition, emotional prosody also evoked bilateral activation in pars orbitalis (BA47), amygdala, and anterior insula. These findings are consistent with the idea that analysis of the auditory speech signal is split between the hemispheres, possibly according to their preferred temporal resolution, with the left preferentially encoding phonetic and the right encoding prosodic information. Once processed, emotional prosody information is fed to domain-general emotion processing areas and integrated with semantic information, resulting in additional bilateral activations.
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Stockbridge MD, Berube S, Goldberg E, Suarez A, Mace R, Ubellacker D, Hillis AE. Differences in linguistic cohesion within the first year following right and left hemisphere lesions. APHASIOLOGY 2019; 35:357-371. [PMID: 33716377 PMCID: PMC7953865 DOI: 10.1080/02687038.2019.1693026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Characterizing productive language deficits following lesions to the right (RH) or left hemispheres (LH) is valuable in identifying appropriate therapeutic goals. While damage to the LH classically is associated with deficits in language, RH lesions also result in changed communication beyond prosody due to cognitive-linguistic effects. Cohesion, reference to introduced content across sentences within discourse, relies on a listener's clear and unambiguous understanding that a reference has occurred. To date, we are not aware of any prior work that has compared patterns of cohesive strategy between RH and LH lesioned individuals with cohesion deficits. AIMS The purpose of the present study is to determine whether individuals with communication deficits following RH and LH lesions differ in the inclusion and clarity of cohesive markers. METHODS & PROCEDURES Seventy-six RH samples and 145 LH samples were used for comparison of cohesion performance in a Cookie Theft picture description task. Cohesive ties were assessed following the protocol outlined in Liles and Coelho (1998). It was hypothesized that individuals with LH lesions would present a different pattern of cohesion behaviour than RH lesioned individuals when considered both acutely and chronically. OUTCOMES & RESULTS Overall, samples from LH and RH groups did not differ in word counts or cohesive marker usage. However, the patterns of markers they chose to employ were different. LH samples used conjunctions and personal pronouns more frequently and used lexical cohesive markers less frequently than RH samples. Acutely, patterns of cohesive marker use between LH and RH samples were more similar. Chronically, LH samples contained more personal pronouns and the differences in lexical cohesive markers remained unchanged. When cohesion was unsuccessful, LH and RH damage were associated with different patterns of error. LH samples tended to omit information needed to clarify the intended referent, resulting in incomplete cohesion errors. RH samples tended to sustain breakdowns in cohesion from sentence to sentence, not resolving incorrectly chosen pronouns or ambiguities left in their samples. CONCLUSIONS LH and RH lesions resulted in differing patterns of chosen cohesive markers and errors when cohesion was unsuccessful. This was particularly true in lexical cohesion, which has been far less studied than closed-class cohesive markers like referential pronouns. It was also noted that cohesive behavior did not appear to "recover" for either group, suggesting spontaneous recovery is minimal and present strategies for language therapy may not effectively address this linguistic function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa D Stockbridge
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Shauna Berube
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Emily Goldberg
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Adrian Suarez
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Rachel Mace
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Delaney Ubellacker
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
| | - Argye E Hillis
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287
- Department of Cognitive Science, Krieger School of Arts and Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218
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Sheppard SM, Love T, Midgley KJ, Shapiro LP, Holcomb PJ. Using prosody during sentence processing in aphasia: Evidence from temporal neural dynamics. Neuropsychologia 2019; 134:107197. [PMID: 31542361 PMCID: PMC6911311 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2019.107197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shannon M Sheppard
- San Diego State University, USA; University of California, San Diego, USA.
| | - Tracy Love
- San Diego State University, USA; University of California, San Diego, USA
| | | | - Lewis P Shapiro
- San Diego State University, USA; University of California, San Diego, USA
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