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Pérez MJ, Ibarra-García-Padilla R, Tang M, Porter GA, Johnson GVW, Quintanilla RA. Caspase-3 cleaved tau impairs mitochondrial function through the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166898. [PMID: 37774936 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a significant factor in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Previous studies have demonstrated that the expression of tau cleaved at Asp421 by caspase-3 leads to mitochondrial abnormalities and bioenergetic impairment. However, the underlying mechanism behind these alterations and their impact on neuronal function remains unknown. To investigate the mechanism behind mitochondrial dysfunction caused by this tau form, we used transient transfection and pharmacological approaches in immortalized cortical neurons and mouse primary hippocampal neurons. We assessed mitochondrial morphology and bioenergetics function after expression of full-length tau and caspase-3-cleaved tau. We also evaluated the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening and its conformation as a possible mechanism to explain mitochondrial impairment induced by caspase-3 cleaved tau. Our studies showed that pharmacological inhibition of mPTP by cyclosporine A (CsA) prevented all mitochondrial length and bioenergetics abnormalities in neuronal cells expressing caspase-3 cleaved tau. Neuronal cells expressing caspase-3-cleaved tau showed sustained mPTP opening which is mostly dependent on cyclophilin D (CypD) protein expression. Moreover, the impairment of mitochondrial length and bioenergetics induced by caspase-3-cleaved tau were prevented in hippocampal neurons obtained from CypD knock-out mice. Interestingly, previous studies using these mice showed a prevention of mPTP opening and a reduction of mitochondrial failure and neurodegeneration induced by AD. Therefore, our findings showed that caspase-3-cleaved tau negatively impacts mitochondrial bioenergetics through mPTP activation, highlighting the importance of this channel and its regulatory protein, CypD, in the neuronal damage induced by tau pathology in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Pérez
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Ibarra-García-Padilla
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Maoping Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - George A Porter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Gail V W Johnson
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York, USA
| | - Rodrigo A Quintanilla
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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2
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Hu MM, Shu HB. Mitochondrial DNA-triggered innate immune response: mechanisms and diseases. Cell Mol Immunol 2023; 20:1403-1412. [PMID: 37932533 PMCID: PMC10687031 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-023-01086-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Various cellular stress conditions trigger mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release from mitochondria into the cytosol. The released mtDNA is sensed by the cGAS-MITA/STING pathway, resulting in the induced expression of type I interferon and other effector genes. These processes contribute to the innate immune response to viral infection and other stress factors. The deregulation of these processes causes autoimmune diseases, inflammatory metabolic disorders and cancer. Therefore, the cGAS-MITA/STING pathway is a potential target for intervention in infectious, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases as well as cancer. In this review, we focus on the mechanisms underlying the mtDNA-triggered activation of the cGAS-MITA/STING pathway, the effects of the pathway under various physiological and pathological conditions, and advances in the development of drugs that target cGAS and MITA/STING.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Hu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
- Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Hong-Bing Shu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
- Research Unit of Innate Immune and Inflammatory Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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Nikiforova AB, Baburina YL, Borisova MP, Surin AK, Kharechkina ES, Krestinina OV, Suvorina MY, Kruglova SA, Kruglov AG. Mitochondrial F-ATP Synthase Co-Migrating Proteins and Ca 2+-Dependent Formation of Large Channels. Cells 2023; 12:2414. [PMID: 37830628 PMCID: PMC10572550 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Monomers, dimers, and individual FOF1-ATP synthase subunits are, presumably, involved in the formation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP), whose molecular structure, however, is still unknown. We hypothesized that, during the Ca2+-dependent assembly of a PTP complex, the F-ATP synthase (subunits) recruits mitochondrial proteins that do not interact or weakly interact with the F-ATP synthase under normal conditions. Therefore, we examined whether the PTP opening in mitochondria before the separation of supercomplexes via BN-PAGE will increase the channel stability and channel-forming capacity of isolated F-ATP synthase dimers and monomers in planar lipid membranes. Additionally, we studied the specific activity and the protein composition of F-ATP synthase dimers and monomers from rat liver and heart mitochondria before and after PTP opening. Against our expectations, preliminary PTP opening dramatically suppressed the high-conductance channel activity of F-ATP synthase dimers and monomers and decreased their specific "in-gel" activity. The decline in the channel-forming activity correlated with the reduced levels of as few as two proteins in the bands: methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase and prohibitin 2. These results indicate that proteins co-migrating with the F-ATP synthase may be important players in PTP formation and stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna B. Nikiforova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (A.B.N.); (Y.L.B.); (M.P.B.); (E.S.K.); (O.V.K.)
| | - Yulia L. Baburina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (A.B.N.); (Y.L.B.); (M.P.B.); (E.S.K.); (O.V.K.)
| | - Marina P. Borisova
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (A.B.N.); (Y.L.B.); (M.P.B.); (E.S.K.); (O.V.K.)
| | - Alexey K. Surin
- Branch of the Shemyakin—Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt Nauki 6, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
- State Research Centre for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 142279 Obolensk, Russia
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 4, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
| | - Ekaterina S. Kharechkina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (A.B.N.); (Y.L.B.); (M.P.B.); (E.S.K.); (O.V.K.)
| | - Olga V. Krestinina
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (A.B.N.); (Y.L.B.); (M.P.B.); (E.S.K.); (O.V.K.)
| | - Maria Y. Suvorina
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 4, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
| | - Svetlana A. Kruglova
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 2, 142290 Pushchino, Russia;
| | - Alexey G. Kruglov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya 3, 142290 Pushchino, Russia; (A.B.N.); (Y.L.B.); (M.P.B.); (E.S.K.); (O.V.K.)
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4
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Szabo I, Szewczyk A. Mitochondrial Ion Channels. Annu Rev Biophys 2023; 52:229-254. [PMID: 37159294 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-092622-094853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are involved in multiple cellular tasks, such as ATP synthesis, metabolism, metabolite and ion transport, regulation of apoptosis, inflammation, signaling, and inheritance of mitochondrial DNA. The majority of the correct functioning of mitochondria is based on the large electrochemical proton gradient, whose component, the inner mitochondrial membrane potential, is strictly controlled by ion transport through mitochondrial membranes. Consequently, mitochondrial function is critically dependent on ion homeostasis, the disturbance of which leads to abnormal cell functions. Therefore, the discovery of mitochondrial ion channels influencing ion permeability through the membrane has defined a new dimension of the function of ion channels in different cell types, mainly linked to the important tasks that mitochondrial ion channels perform in cell life and death. This review summarizes studies on animal mitochondrial ion channels with special focus on their biophysical properties, molecular identity, and regulation. Additionally, the potential of mitochondrial ion channels as therapeutic targets for several diseases is briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildiko Szabo
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Italy;
| | - Adam Szewczyk
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland;
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5
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Xian H, Karin M. Oxidized mitochondrial DNA: a protective signal gone awry. Trends Immunol 2023; 44:188-200. [PMID: 36739208 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2023.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Despite the emergence of mitochondria as key regulators of innate immunity, the mechanisms underlying the generation and release of immunostimulatory alarmins by stressed mitochondria remains nebulous. We propose that the major mitochondrial alarmin in myeloid cells is oxidized mitochondrial DNA (Ox-mtDNA). Fragmented Ox-mtDNA enters the cytosol where it activates the NLRP3 inflammasome and generates IL-1β, IL-18, and cGAS-STING to induce type I interferons and interferon-stimulated genes. Inflammasome activation further enables the circulatory release of Ox-mtDNA by opening gasdermin D pores. We summarize new data showing that, in addition to being an autoimmune disease biomarker, Ox-mtDNA converts beneficial transient inflammation into long-lasting immunopathology. We discuss how Ox-mtDNA induces short- and long-term immune activation, and highlight its homeostatic and immunopathogenic functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Xian
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Michael Karin
- Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
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6
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Dumbali SP, Wenzel PL. Mitochondrial Permeability Transition in Stem Cells, Development, and Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1409:1-22. [PMID: 35739412 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2022_720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) is a process that permits rapid exchange of small molecules across the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) and thus plays a vital role in mitochondrial function and cellular signaling. Formation of the pore that mediates this flux is well-documented in injury and disease but its regulation has also emerged as critical to the fate of stem cells during embryonic development. The precise molecular composition of the mPTP has been enigmatic, with far more genetic studies eliminating molecular candidates than confirming them. Rigorous studies in the recent decade have implicated central involvement of the F1Fo ATP synthase, or complex V of the electron transport chain, and continue to confirm a regulatory role for Cyclophilin D (CypD), encoded by Ppif, in modulating the sensitivity of the pore to opening. A host of endogenous molecules have been shown to trigger flux characteristic of mPT, including positive regulators such as calcium ions, reactive oxygen species, inorganic phosphate, and fatty acids. Conductance of the pore has been described as low or high, and reversibility of pore opening appears to correspond with the relative abundance of negative regulators of mPT such as adenine nucleotides, hydrogen ion, and divalent cations that compete for calcium-binding sites in the mPTP. Current models suggest that distinct pores could be responsible for differing reversibility and conductance depending upon cellular context. Indeed, irreversible propagation of mPT inevitably leads to collapse of transmembrane potential, arrest of ATP synthesis, mitochondrial swelling, and cell death. Future studies should clarify ambiguities in mPTP structure and reveal new roles for mPT in dictating specialized cellular functions beyond cell survival that are tied to mitochondrial fitness including stem cell self-renewal and fate. The focus of this review is to describe contemporary models of the mPTP and highlight how pore activity impacts stem cells and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep P Dumbali
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pamela L Wenzel
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Immunology Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA.
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7
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Kataoka T. Biological properties of the BCL-2 family protein BCL-RAMBO, which regulates apoptosis, mitochondrial fragmentation, and mitophagy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1065702. [PMID: 36589739 PMCID: PMC9800997 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1065702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play an essential role in the regulation of cellular stress responses, including cell death. Damaged mitochondria are removed by fission and fusion cycles and mitophagy, which counteract cell death. BCL-2 family proteins possess one to four BCL-2 homology domains and regulate apoptosis signaling at mitochondria. BCL-RAMBO, also known as BCL2-like 13 (BCL2L13), was initially identified as one of the BCL-2 family proteins inducing apoptosis. Mitophagy receptors recruit the ATG8 family proteins MAP1LC3/GABARAP via the MAP1LC3-interacting region (LIR) motif to initiate mitophagy. In addition to apoptosis, BCL-RAMBO has recently been identified as a mitophagy receptor that possesses the LIR motif and regulates mitochondrial fragmentation and mitophagy. In the 20 years since its discovery, many important findings on BCL-RAMBO have been increasingly reported. The biological properties of BCL-RAMBO are reviewed herein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Kataoka
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan,Biomedical Research Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan,*Correspondence: Takao Kataoka,
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8
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Bernardi P, Carraro M, Lippe G. The mitochondrial permeability transition: Recent progress and open questions. FEBS J 2022; 289:7051-7074. [PMID: 34710270 PMCID: PMC9787756 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Major progress has been made in defining the basis of the mitochondrial permeability transition, a Ca2+ -dependent permeability increase of the inner membrane that has puzzled mitochondrial research for almost 70 years. Initially considered an artefact of limited biological interest by most, over the years the permeability transition has raised to the status of regulator of mitochondrial ion homeostasis and of druggable effector mechanism of cell death. The permeability transition is mediated by opening of channel(s) modulated by matrix cyclophilin D, the permeability transition pore(s) (PTP). The field has received new impulse (a) from the hypothesis that the PTP may originate from a Ca2+ -dependent conformational change of F-ATP synthase and (b) from the reevaluation of the long-standing hypothesis that it originates from the adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT). Here, we provide a synthetic account of the structure of ANT and F-ATP synthase to discuss potential and controversial mechanisms through which they may form high-conductance channels; and review some intriguing findings from the wealth of early studies of PTP modulation that still await an explanation. We hope that this review will stimulate new experiments addressing the many outstanding problems, and thus contribute to the eventual solution of the puzzle of the permeability transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Bernardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of PadovaItaly
| | - Michela Carraro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience InstituteUniversity of PadovaItaly
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Xiang QQ, Kang YH, Lian LH, Chen ZY, Wang P, Hu JM, Chen LQ. Proteomic profiling reveals mitochondrial toxicity of nanosilver and silver nitrate in the gill of common carp. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 252:106318. [PMID: 36206702 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are recognized as an important target organelle for the toxicity of nanomaterials. Although the toxic effects of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on mitochondria have been widely reported, the mechanism behind the toxicity remains unclear. In this study, the effects of two forms of silver (AgNPs and AgNO3) on carp gill mitochondria were investigated by analyzing the mitochondrial ultrastructure, physicochemical properties of mitochondrial membrane, and mitochondrial proteomics. After exposure of common carp to AgNPs (0.75 mg/L) and AgNO3 (0.05 mg/L) for 96 h, both forms of silver were shown to cause gill mitochondrial lesions, including irregular shape, loss of mitochondrial cristae, and increased mitochondrial membrane permeability. Proteomics results revealed that AgNPs and AgNO3 induced 362 and 297 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in gill mitochondria, respectively. Among the DEPs, 244 were shared between AgNPs and AgNO3 treatments. These shared proteins were mainly distributed in the mitochondrial membrane and matrix, and were significantly enriched in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation pathway. The functional annotation of DEPs induced by both silver forms was mainly involved in energy production and conversion. These results indicated that the toxic mechanism of AgNPs and AgNO3 on gill mitochondria were comparable and the two forms of silver caused mitochondrial dysfunction in fish gills by inhibiting the TCA cycle and disrupting the electron transport chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Xiang
- Instititue of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Trans-Boundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; Yunnan International Joint Research Center for Hydro-Ecology Science & Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Yu-Hang Kang
- Instititue of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Trans-Boundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; Yunnan International Joint Research Center for Hydro-Ecology Science & Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Li-Hong Lian
- Instititue of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Trans-Boundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; Yunnan International Joint Research Center for Hydro-Ecology Science & Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Zhi-Ying Chen
- Instititue of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Trans-Boundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; Yunnan International Joint Research Center for Hydro-Ecology Science & Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Instititue of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Trans-Boundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; School of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Jin-Ming Hu
- Instititue of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Trans-Boundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; Yunnan International Joint Research Center for Hydro-Ecology Science & Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China
| | - Li-Qiang Chen
- Instititue of International Rivers and Eco-security, Yunnan Key Laboratory of International Rivers and Trans-Boundary Eco-security, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China; Yunnan International Joint Research Center for Hydro-Ecology Science & Engineering, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, PR China.
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10
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Boyenle ID, Oyedele AK, Ogunlana AT, Adeyemo AF, Oyelere FS, Akinola OB, Adelusi TI, Ehigie LO, Ehigie AF. Targeting the mitochondrial permeability transition pore for drug discovery: Challenges and opportunities. Mitochondrion 2022; 63:57-71. [PMID: 35077882 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Several drug targets have been amenable to drug discovery pursuit not until the characterization of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), a pore with an undefined molecular identity that forms on the inner mitochondrial membrane upon mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) under the influence of calcium overload and oxidative stress. The opening of the pore which is presumed to cause cell death in certain human diseases also has implications under physiological parlance. Different models for this pore have been postulated following its first identification in the last six decades. The mitochondrial community has witnessed many protein candidates such as; voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT), Mitochondrial phosphate carrier (PiC), Spastic Paralegin (SPG7), disordered proteins, and F1Fo ATPase. However, genetic studies have cast out most of these candidates with only F1Fo ATPase currently under intense argument. Cyclophilin D (CyPD) remains the widely accepted positive regulator of the MPTP known to date, but no drug candidate has emerged as its inhibitor, raising concern issues for therapeutics. Thus, in this review, we discuss various models of MPTP reported with the hope of stimulating further research in this field. We went beyond the classical description of the MPTP to ascribe a 'two-edged sword property' to the pore for therapeutic function in human disease because its inhibition and activation have pharmacological relevance. We suggested putative proteins upstream to CyPD that can regulate its activity and prevent cell deaths in neurodegenerative disease and ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Damilare Boyenle
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria; Computational Biology/Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Abdulquddus Kehinde Oyedele
- Computational Biology/Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Abdeen Tunde Ogunlana
- Computational Biology/Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Aishat Folashade Adeyemo
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | | | - Olateju Balikis Akinola
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Temitope Isaac Adelusi
- Computational Biology/Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Leonard Ona Ehigie
- Computational Biology/Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria
| | - Adeola Folasade Ehigie
- Membrane Biochemistry and Biophysics Research Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
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11
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Abstract
The uptake of calcium into and extrusion of calcium from the mitochondrial matrix is a fundamental biological process that has critical effects on cellular metabolism, signaling, and survival. Disruption of mitochondrial calcium (mCa2+) cycling is implicated in numerous acquired diseases such as heart failure, stroke, neurodegeneration, diabetes, and cancer, and is genetically linked to several inherited neuromuscular disorders. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for mCa2+ exchange therefore holds great promise for the treatment of these diseases. The past decade has seen the genetic identification of many of the key proteins that mediate mitochondrial calcium uptake and efflux. Here, we present an overview of the phenomenon of mCa2+ transport, and a comprehensive examination of the molecular machinery that mediates calcium flux across the inner mitochondrial membrane: the mitochondrial uniporter complex (consisting of MCU, EMRE, MICU1, MICU2, MICU3, MCUB, and MCUR1), NCLX, LETM1, the mitochondrial ryanodine receptor, and the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. We then consider the physiological implications of mCa2+ flux and evaluate how alterations in mCa2+ homeostasis contribute to human disease. This review concludes by highlighting opportunities and challenges for therapeutic intervention in pathologies characterized by aberrant mCa2+ handling and by summarizing critical unanswered questions regarding the biology of mCa2+ flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne F Garbincius
- Center for Translational Medicine, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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12
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Mitochondria-Induced Immune Response as a Trigger for Neurodegeneration: A Pathogen from Within. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168523. [PMID: 34445229 PMCID: PMC8395232 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Symbiosis between the mitochondrion and the ancestor of the eukaryotic cell allowed cellular complexity and supported life. Mitochondria have specialized in many key functions ensuring cell homeostasis and survival. Thus, proper communication between mitochondria and cell nucleus is paramount for cellular health. However, due to their archaebacterial origin, mitochondria possess a high immunogenic potential. Indeed, mitochondria have been identified as an intracellular source of molecules that can elicit cellular responses to pathogens. Compromised mitochondrial integrity leads to release of mitochondrial content into the cytosol, which triggers an unwanted cellular immune response. Mitochondrial nucleic acids (mtDNA and mtRNA) can interact with the same cytoplasmic sensors that are specialized in recognizing genetic material from pathogens. High-energy demanding cells, such as neurons, are highly affected by deficits in mitochondrial function. Notably, mitochondrial dysfunction, neurodegeneration, and chronic inflammation are concurrent events in many severe debilitating disorders. Interestingly in this context of pathology, increasing number of studies have detected immune-activating mtDNA and mtRNA that induce an aberrant production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and interferon effectors. Thus, this review provides new insights on mitochondria-driven inflammation as a potential therapeutic target for neurodegenerative and primary mitochondrial diseases.
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13
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Morciano G, Naumova N, Koprowski P, Valente S, Sardão VA, Potes Y, Rimessi A, Wieckowski MR, Oliveira PJ. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore: an evolving concept critical for cell life and death. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2021; 96:2489-2521. [PMID: 34155777 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we summarize current knowledge of perhaps one of the most intriguing phenomena in cell biology: the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). This phenomenon, which was initially observed as a sudden loss of inner mitochondrial membrane impermeability caused by excessive calcium, has been studied for almost 50 years, and still no definitive answer has been provided regarding its mechanisms. From its initial consideration as an in vitro artifact to the current notion that the mPTP is a phenomenon with physiological and pathological implications, a long road has been travelled. We here summarize the role of mitochondria in cytosolic calcium control and the evolving concepts regarding the mitochondrial permeability transition (mPT) and the mPTP. We show how the evolving mPTP models and mechanisms, which involve many proposed mitochondrial protein components, have arisen from methodological advances and more complex biological models. We describe how scientific progress and methodological advances have allowed milestone discoveries on mPTP regulation and composition and its recognition as a valid target for drug development and a critical component of mitochondrial biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giampaolo Morciano
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Via Corriera 1, Cotignola, Ravenna, 48033, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Natalia Naumova
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua Medical School, Via Giustiniani 2, Padova, 35128, Italy
| | - Piotr Koprowski
- Laboratory of Intracellular Ion Channels, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, Warsaw, 02-093, Poland
| | - Sara Valente
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, 3060-197, Portugal
| | - Vilma A Sardão
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, 3060-197, Portugal
| | - Yaiza Potes
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, Warsaw, 02-093, Poland
| | - Alessandro Rimessi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 70, Ferrara, 44121, Italy
| | - Mariusz R Wieckowski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, Warsaw, 02-093, Poland
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, 3060-197, Portugal
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14
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Mollinedo F, Gajate C. Mitochondrial Targeting Involving Cholesterol-Rich Lipid Rafts in the Mechanism of Action of the Antitumor Ether Lipid and Alkylphospholipid Analog Edelfosine. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:763. [PMID: 34065546 PMCID: PMC8161315 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The ether lipid edelfosine induces apoptosis selectively in tumor cells and is the prototypic molecule of a family of synthetic antitumor compounds collectively known as alkylphospholipid analogs. Cumulative evidence shows that edelfosine interacts with cholesterol-rich lipid rafts, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria. Edelfosine induces apoptosis in a number of hematological cancer cells by recruiting death receptors and downstream apoptotic signaling into lipid rafts, whereas it promotes apoptosis in solid tumor cells through an ER stress response. Edelfosine-induced apoptosis, mediated by lipid rafts and/or ER, requires the involvement of a mitochondrial-dependent step to eventually elicit cell death, leading to the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c release and the triggering of cell death. The overexpression of Bcl-2 or Bcl-xL blocks edelfosine-induced apoptosis. Edelfosine induces the redistribution of lipid rafts from the plasma membrane to the mitochondria. The pro-apoptotic action of edelfosine on cancer cells is associated with the recruitment of F1FO-ATP synthase into cholesterol-rich lipid rafts. Specific inhibition of the FO sector of the F1FO-ATP synthase, which contains the membrane-embedded c-subunit ring that constitutes the mitochondrial permeability transcription pore, hinders edelfosine-induced cell death. Taking together, the evidence shown here suggests that the ether lipid edelfosine could modulate cell death in cancer cells by direct interaction with mitochondria, and the reorganization of raft-located mitochondrial proteins that critically modulate cell death or survival. Here, we summarize and discuss the involvement of mitochondria in the antitumor action of the ether lipid edelfosine, pointing out the mitochondrial targeting of this drug as a major therapeutic approach, which can be extrapolated to other alkylphospholipid analogs. We also discuss the involvement of cholesterol transport and cholesterol-rich lipid rafts in the interactions between the organelles as well as in the role of mitochondria in the regulation of apoptosis in cancer cells and cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faustino Mollinedo
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Laboratory of Cell Death and Cancer Therapy, Department of Molecular Biomedicine, C/Ramiro de Maeztu 9, E-28040 Madrid, Spain;
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15
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Guo L. Mitochondria and the permeability transition pore in cancer metabolic reprogramming. Biochem Pharmacol 2021; 188:114537. [PMID: 33811907 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are a major source of ATP provision as well as cellular suicidal weapon store. Accumulating evidences demonstrate that mitochondrial bioenergetics, biosynthesis and signaling are important mediators of tumorigenesis. Metabolic plasticity enables cancer cell reprogramming to cope with cellular and environmental alterations, a process requires mitochondria biology. Mitochondrial metabolism emerges to be a promising arena for cancer therapeutic targets. The permeability transition pore (PTP) participates in physiological Ca2+ and ROS homeostasis as well as cell death depending on the open state. The hypothesis that PTP forms from F-ATP synthase provides clues to the potential collaborative role of mitochondrial respiration and PTP in regulating cancer cell fate and metabolic reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishu Guo
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China.
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16
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Yang X, Zhou Y, Liang H, Meng Y, Liu H, Zhou Y, Huang C, An B, Mao H, Liao Z. VDAC1 promotes cardiomyocyte autophagy in anoxia/reoxygenation injury via the PINK1/Parkin pathway. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:1448-1458. [PMID: 33675282 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is a well-known injury to the myocardium, but the mechanism involved remains elusive. In addition to the well-accepted apoptosis theory, autophagy was recently found to be involved in the process, exerting a dual role as protection in ischemia and detriment in reperfusion. Activation of autophagy is mediated by mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening during reperfusion. In our previous study, we showed that MPTP opening is regulated by VDAC1, a channel protein located in the outer membrane of mitochondria. Thus, upregulation of VDAC1 expression is a possible trigger to cardiomyocyte autophagy via an unclear pathway. Here, we established an anoxia/reoxygenation (A/R) model in vitro to simulate the I/R process in vivo. At the end of A/R treatment, VDAC1, Beclin 1, and LC3-II/I were upregulated, and autophagic vacuoles were increased in cardiomyocytes, which showed a connection of VDAC1 and autophagy development. These variations also led to ROS burst, mitochondrial dysfunction, and aggravated apoptosis. Knockdown of VDAC1 by RNAi could alleviate the above-mentioned cellular damages. Additionally, the expression of PINK1 and Parkin was enhanced after A/R injury. Furthermore, Parkin was recruited to mitochondria from the cytosol, which suggested that the PINK1/Parkin autophagic pathway was activated during A/R. Nevertheless, the PINK1/Parkin pathway was effectively inhibited when VDAC1 was knocked-down. Taken together, the A/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury was mediated by VDAC1 upregulation, which led to cell autophagy via the PINK1/Parkin pathway, and finally aggravated apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Yang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuancheng Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Haiyan Liang
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Haocheng Liu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chunhong Huang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Binyi An
- Queen Mary School, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongli Mao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhangping Liao
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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Readnower RD, Hubbard WB, Kalimon OJ, Geddes JW, Sullivan PG. Genetic Approach to Elucidate the Role of Cyclophilin D in Traumatic Brain Injury Pathology. Cells 2021; 10:199. [PMID: 33498273 PMCID: PMC7909250 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophilin D (CypD) has been shown to play a critical role in mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening and the subsequent cell death cascade. Studies consistently demonstrate that mitochondrial dysfunction, including mitochondrial calcium overload and mPTP opening, is essential to the pathobiology of cell death after a traumatic brain injury (TBI). CypD inhibitors, such as cyclosporin A (CsA) or NIM811, administered following TBI, are neuroprotective and quell neurological deficits. However, some pharmacological inhibitors of CypD have multiple biological targets and, as such, do not directly implicate a role for CypD in arbitrating cell death after TBI. Here, we reviewed the current understanding of the role CypD plays in TBI pathobiology. Further, we directly assessed the role of CypD in mediating cell death following TBI by utilizing mice lacking the CypD encoding gene Ppif. Following controlled cortical impact (CCI), the genetic knockout of CypD protected acute mitochondrial bioenergetics at 6 h post-injury and reduced subacute cortical tissue and hippocampal cell loss at 18 d post-injury. The administration of CsA following experimental TBI in Ppif-/- mice improved cortical tissue sparing, highlighting the multiple cellular targets of CsA in the mitigation of TBI pathology. The loss of CypD appeared to desensitize the mitochondrial response to calcium burden induced by TBI; this maintenance of mitochondrial function underlies the observed neuroprotective effect of the CypD knockout. These studies highlight the importance of maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis after injury and validate CypD as a therapeutic target for TBI. Further, these results solidify the beneficial effects of CsA treatment following TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan D. Readnower
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center (SCoBIRC), University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (R.D.R.); (W.B.H.); (O.J.K.); (J.W.G.)
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - William Brad Hubbard
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center (SCoBIRC), University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (R.D.R.); (W.B.H.); (O.J.K.); (J.W.G.)
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
- Lexington Veterans’ Affairs Healthcare System, Lexington, KY 40502, USA
| | - Olivia J. Kalimon
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center (SCoBIRC), University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (R.D.R.); (W.B.H.); (O.J.K.); (J.W.G.)
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - James W. Geddes
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center (SCoBIRC), University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (R.D.R.); (W.B.H.); (O.J.K.); (J.W.G.)
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
| | - Patrick G. Sullivan
- Spinal Cord and Brain Injury Research Center (SCoBIRC), University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (R.D.R.); (W.B.H.); (O.J.K.); (J.W.G.)
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40508, USA
- Lexington Veterans’ Affairs Healthcare System, Lexington, KY 40502, USA
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18
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Mitochondrial osmoregulation in evolution, cation transport and metabolism. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2021; 1862:148368. [PMID: 33422486 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2021.148368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a retrospective on the role of osmotic regulation in the process of eukaryogenesis. Specifically, it focuses on the adjustments which must have been made by the original colonizing α-proteobacteria that led to the evolution of modern mitochondria. We focus on the cations that are fundamentally involved in volume determination and cellular metabolism and define the transporter landscape in relation to these ions in mitochondria as we know today. We provide analysis on how the cations interplay and together maintain osmotic balance that allows for effective ATP synthesis in the organelle.
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19
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Cioffi F, Adam RHI, Broersen K. Molecular Mechanisms and Genetics of Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 72:981-1017. [PMID: 31744008 PMCID: PMC6971833 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease is the most common neurodegenerative disorder that can cause dementia in elderly over 60 years of age. One of the disease hallmarks is oxidative stress which interconnects with other processes such as amyloid-β deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, and tangle formation. This review discusses current thoughts on molecular mechanisms that may relate oxidative stress to Alzheimer’s disease and identifies genetic factors observed from in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies that may be associated with Alzheimer’s disease-related oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cioffi
- Nanobiophysics Group, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Rayan Hassan Ibrahim Adam
- Nanobiophysics Group, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Kerensa Broersen
- Applied Stem Cell Technologies, Technical Medical Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
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20
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Li A, Yi J, Li X, Zhou J. Physiological Ca 2+ Transients Versus Pathological Steady-State Ca 2+ Elevation, Who Flips the ROS Coin in Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria. Front Physiol 2020; 11:595800. [PMID: 33192612 PMCID: PMC7642813 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.595800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are both the primary provider of ATP and the pivotal regulator of cell death, which are essential for physiological muscle activities. Ca2+ plays a multifaceted role in mitochondrial function. During muscle contraction, Ca2+ influx into mitochondria activates multiple enzymes related to tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, resulting in increased ATP synthesis to meet the energy demand. Pathophysiological conditions such as skeletal muscle denervation or unloading also lead to elevated Ca2+ levels inside mitochondria. However, the outcomes of this steady-state elevation of mitochondrial Ca2+ level include exacerbated reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, sensitized opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), induction of programmed cell death, and ultimately muscle atrophy. Previously, both acute and long-term endurance exercises have been reported to activate certain signaling pathways to counteract ROS production. Meanwhile, electrical stimulation is known to help prevent apoptosis and alleviate muscle atrophy in denervated animal models and patients with motor impairment. There are various mechanistic studies that focus on the excitation-transcription coupling framework to understand the beneficial role of exercise and electrical stimulation. Interestingly, a recent study has revealed an unexpected role of rapid mitochondrial Ca2+ transients in keeping mPTP at a closed state with reduced mitochondrial ROS production. This discovery motivated us to contribute this review article to inspire further discussion about the potential mechanisms underlying differential outcomes of physiological mitochondrial Ca2+ transients and pathological mitochondrial Ca2+ elevation in skeletal muscle ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ang Li
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Jianxun Yi
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
| | - Jingsong Zhou
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, United States
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21
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A systematic review of post-translational modifications in the mitochondrial permeability transition pore complex associated with cardiac diseases. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1867:165992. [PMID: 33091565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening is involved in the pathophysiology of multiple cardiac diseases, such as ischemia/reperfusion injury and heart failure. A growing number of evidence provided by proteomic screening techniques has demonstrated the role of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in several key components of the pore in response to changes in the extra/intracellular environment and bioenergetic demand. This could lead to a fine, complex regulatory mechanism that, under pathological conditions, can shift the state of mitochondrial functions and, thus, the cell's fate. Understanding the complex relationship between these PTMs is still under investigation and can provide new, promising therapeutic targets and treatment approaches. This review, using a systematic review of the literature, presents the current knowledge on PTMs of the mPTP and their role in health and cardiac disease.
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22
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Structural and functional properties of plant mitochondrial F-ATP synthase. Mitochondrion 2020; 53:178-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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23
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Pahrudin Arrozi A, Shukri SNS, Wan Ngah WZ, Mohd Yusof YA, Ahmad Damanhuri MH, Jaafar F, Makpol S. Comparative Effects of Alpha- and Gamma-Tocopherol on Mitochondrial Functions in Alzheimer's Disease In Vitro Model. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8962. [PMID: 32488024 PMCID: PMC7265356 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65570-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E acts as an antioxidant and reduces the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Alpha-tocopherol (ATF) is the most widely studied form of vitamin E besides gamma-tocopherol (GTF) which also shows beneficial effects in AD. The levels of amyloid-beta (Aβ) and amyloid precursor protein (APP) increased in the brains of AD patients, and mutations in the APP gene are known to enhance the production of Aβ. Mitochondrial function was shown to be affected by the increased level of Aβ and may induce cell death. Here, we aimed to compare the effects of ATF and GTF on their ability to reduce Aβ level, modulate mitochondrial function and reduce the apoptosis marker in SH-SY5Y cells stably transfected with the wild-type or mutant form of the APP gene. The Aβ level was measured by ELISA, the mitochondrial ROS and ATP level were quantified by fluorescence and luciferase assay respectively whereas the complex V enzyme activity was measured by spectrophotometry. The expressions of genes involved in the regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability such as voltage dependent anion channel (VDAC1), adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT), and cyclophilin D (CYPD) were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), while the expressions of cyclophilin D (CypD), cytochrome c, Bcl2 associated X (BAX), B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and pro-caspase-3 were determined by western blot. Our results showed that mitochondrial ROS level was elevated accompanied by decreased ATP level and complex V enzyme activity in SH-SY5Y cells expressing the mutant APP gene (p < 0.05). Treatment with both ATF and GTF reduced the mitochondrial ROS level with maximum reduction was observed in the cells treated with high concentrations of ATF and GTF (p < 0.05). However, only GTF at 80 µM significantly increase the ATP level and complex V enzyme activity (p < 0.05). VDAC1 and CYPD were downregulated and CypD protein was significantly overexpressed in cells transfected with the wild-type (WT) and mutant APP gene (p < 0.05). Cytochrome c release, the ratio of BAX/Bcl-2, and pro-caspase-3 expression increased in cells expressing mutated APP gene (p < 0.05). The expression of CypD and pro-caspase 3 protein, and the ratio of BAX/Bcl-2 were increased in the following order; SH-SY5Y-APP-WT < SH-SY5Y-APP Swe
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Affiliation(s)
- Aslina Pahrudin Arrozi
- Department of Biochemistry, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Nur Syazwani Shukri
- Department of Biochemistry, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Zurinah Wan Ngah
- Department of Biochemistry, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Yasmin Anum Mohd Yusof
- Department of Biochemistry, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Hanafi Ahmad Damanhuri
- Department of Biochemistry, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Faizul Jaafar
- Department of Biochemistry, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Suzana Makpol
- Department of Biochemistry, Level 17, Preclinical Building, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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24
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Kanwar P, Samtani H, Sanyal SK, Srivastava AK, Suprasanna P, Pandey GK. VDAC and its interacting partners in plant and animal systems: an overview. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2020; 40:715-732. [PMID: 32338074 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2020.1756214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Molecular trafficking between different subcellular compartments is the key for normal cellular functioning. Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) are small-sized proteins present in the outer mitochondrial membrane, which mediate molecular trafficking between mitochondria and cytoplasm. The conductivity of VDAC is dependent on the transmembrane voltage, its oligomeric state and membrane lipids. VDAC acts as a convergence point to a diverse variety of mitochondrial functions as well as cell survival. This functional diversity is attained due to their interaction with a plethora of proteins inside the cell. Although, there are hints toward functional conservation/divergence between animals and plants; knowledge about the functional role of the VDACs in plants is still limited. We present here a comparative overview to provide an integrative picture of the interactions of VDAC with different proteins in both animals and plants. Also discussed are their physiological functions from the perspective of cellular movements, signal transduction, cellular fate, disease and development. This in-depth knowledge of the biological importance of VDAC and its interacting partner(s) will assist us to explore their function in the applied context in both plant and animal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Kanwar
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Harsha Samtani
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Sibaji K Sanyal
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish K Srivastava
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Penna Suprasanna
- Nuclear Agriculture and Biotechnology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Girdhar K Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
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25
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Abstract
Adult cardiomyocytes are postmitotic cells that undergo very limited cell division. Thus, cardiomyocyte death as occurs during myocardial infarction has very detrimental consequences for the heart. Mitochondria have emerged as an important regulator of cardiovascular health and disease. Mitochondria are well established as bioenergetic hubs for generating ATP but have also been shown to regulate cell death pathways. Indeed many of the same signals used to regulate metabolism and ATP production, such as calcium and reactive oxygen species, are also key regulators of mitochondrial cell death pathways. It is widely hypothesized that an increase in calcium and reactive oxygen species activate a large conductance channel in the inner mitochondrial membrane known as the PTP (permeability transition pore) and that opening of this pore leads to necroptosis, a regulated form of necrotic cell death. Strategies to reduce PTP opening either by inhibition of PTP or inhibiting the rise in mitochondrial calcium or reactive oxygen species that activate PTP have been proposed. A major limitation of inhibiting the PTP is the lack of knowledge about the identity of the protein(s) that form the PTP and how they are activated by calcium and reactive oxygen species. This review will critically evaluate the candidates for the pore-forming unit of the PTP and discuss recent data suggesting that assumption that the PTP is formed by a single molecular identity may need to be reconsidered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler M Bauer
- Laboratory of Cardiac Physiology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
| | - Elizabeth Murphy
- Laboratory of Cardiac Physiology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
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26
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Mnatsakanyan N, Llaguno MC, Yang Y, Yan Y, Weber J, Sigworth FJ, Jonas EA. A mitochondrial megachannel resides in monomeric F 1F O ATP synthase. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5823. [PMID: 31862883 PMCID: PMC6925261 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13766-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Purified mitochondrial ATP synthase has been shown to form Ca2+-activated, large conductance channel activity similar to that of mitochondrial megachannel (MMC) or mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) but the oligomeric state required for channel formation is being debated. We reconstitute purified monomeric ATP synthase from porcine heart mitochondria into small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs) with the lipid composition of mitochondrial inner membrane and analyze its oligomeric state by electron cryomicroscopy. The cryo-EM density map reveals the presence of a single ATP synthase monomer with no density seen for a second molecule tilted at an 86o angle relative to the first. We show that this preparation of SUV-reconstituted ATP synthase monomers, when fused into giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs), forms voltage-gated and Ca2+-activated channels with the key features of mPTP. Based on our findings we conclude that the ATP synthase monomer is sufficient, and dimer formation is not required, for mPTP activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelli Mnatsakanyan
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Marc C Llaguno
- Center for Cellular and Molecular Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Youshan Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Yangyang Yan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Joachim Weber
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Fred J Sigworth
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Jonas
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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27
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Carraro M, Bernardi P. Measurement of membrane permeability and the mitochondrial permeability transition. Methods Cell Biol 2019; 155:369-379. [PMID: 32183968 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mcb.2019.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial permeability transition (PT) is an increase in the inner membrane permeability caused by the opening of a Ca2+-activated high-conductance channel, the so-called PT pore (PTP) or mitochondrial megachannel (MMC). Recent data indicate that F-ATP synthase contributes substantially to the generation of the PTP, yet this hypothesis is the matter of controversy. In this chapter, we will describe an approach to study the pore, i.e., the evaluation of mitochondrial swelling by means of a decrease in the absorbance at 540nm. This method should be useful to resolve apparent discrepancies in the literature and help solve emerging issues on the identity of mitochondrial pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Carraro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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28
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Giorgio V, Fogolari F, Lippe G, Bernardi P. OSCP subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase: role in regulation of enzyme function and of its transition to a pore. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:4247-4257. [PMID: 30291799 PMCID: PMC6887684 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The permeability transition pore (PTP) is a latent, high-conductance channel of the inner mitochondrial membrane. When activated, it plays a key role in cell death and therefore in several diseases. The investigation of the PTP took an unexpected turn after the discovery that cyclophilin D (the target of the PTP inhibitory effect of cyclosporin A) binds to FO F1 (F)-ATP synthase, thus inhibiting its catalytic activity by about 30%. This observation was followed by the demonstration that binding occurs at a particular subunit of the enzyme, the oligomycin sensitivity conferral protein (OSCP), and that F-ATP synthase can form Ca2+ -activated, high-conductance channels with features matching those of the PTP, suggesting that the latter originates from a conformational change in F-ATP synthase. This review is specifically focused on the OSCP subunit of F-ATP synthase, whose unique features make it a potential pharmacological target both for modulation of F-ATP synthase and its transition to a pore. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed section on Mitochondrial Pharmacology: Featured Mechanisms and Approaches for Therapy Translation. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v176.22/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Giorgio
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Federico Fogolari
- Department of Mathematics, Computer Sciences and PhysicsUniversity of UdineUdineItaly
| | - Giovanna Lippe
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal SciencesUniversity of UdineUdineItaly
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience and Department of Biomedical SciencesUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
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29
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Carraro M, Checchetto V, Szabó I, Bernardi P. F‐ATPsynthase and the permeability transition pore: fewer doubts, more certainties. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:1542-1553. [DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Carraro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Padova Italy
| | | | - Ildikó Szabó
- Department of Biology University of Padova Italy
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences University of Padova Italy
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30
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Tulha J, Lucas C. Saccharomyces cerevisiae mitochondrial Por1/yVDAC1 (voltage-dependent anion channel 1) interacts physically with the MBOAT O-acyltransferase Gup1/HHATL in the control of cell wall integrity and programmed cell death. FEMS Yeast Res 2019; 18:5089977. [PMID: 30184078 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foy097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gup1 is the yeast counterpart of the high eukaryotes HHATL. This and the close homologue Gup2/HHAT regulate the Hedgehog morphogenic, developmental pathway. In yeasts, a similar paracrine pathway is not known though the Δgup1 mutant is associated with morphology and proliferation/death processes. As a first step toward identifying the actual molecular/enzymatic function of Gup1, this work identified by co-immunoprecipitation the yeast mitochondria membrane VDAC1/Por1 as a physical partner of Gup1. Gup1 locates in the ER and the plasma membrane. It was now confirmed to further locate, as Por1, in the mitochondrial sub-cellular fraction. The yeast Por1-Gup1 association was found important for (i) the sensitivity to cell wall perturbing agents and high temperature, (ii) the differentiation into structured colonies, (iii) the size achieved by multicellular aggregates/mats and (iv) acetic-acid-induced Programmed Cell Death. Moreover, the absence of Gup1 increased the levels of POR1 mRNA, while decreasing the amounts of intracellular Por1, which was concomitantly previously known to be secreted by the mutant but not by wt. Additionally, Por1 patchy distribution in the mitochondrial membrane was evened. Results suggest that Por1 and Gup1 collaborate in the control of colony morphology and mat development, but more importantly of cellular integrity and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Tulha
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, 4710-054 Braga, Portugal
| | - Cândida Lucas
- Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology (CBMA), University of Minho, 4710-054 Braga, Portugal.,Institute of Science and Innovation on Bio-sustainability (IB-S), University of Minho, 4710-054 Braga, Portugal
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31
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Šileikytė J, Forte M. The Mitochondrial Permeability Transition in Mitochondrial Disorders. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:3403075. [PMID: 31191798 PMCID: PMC6525910 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3403075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP), a (patho)physiological phenomenon discovered over 40 years ago, is still not completely understood. PTP activation results in a formation of a nonspecific channel within the inner mitochondrial membrane with an exclusion size of 1.5 kDa. PTP openings can be transient and are thought to serve a physiological role to allow quick Ca2+ release and/or metabolite exchange between mitochondrial matrix and cytosol or long-lasting openings that are associated with pathological conditions. While matrix Ca2+ and oxidative stress are crucial in its activation, the consequence of prolonged PTP opening is dissipation of the inner mitochondrial membrane potential, cessation of ATP synthesis, bioenergetic crisis, and cell death-a primary characteristic of mitochondrial disorders. PTP involvement in mitochondrial and cellular demise in a variety of disease paradigms has been long appreciated, yet the exact molecular entity of the PTP and the development of potent and specific PTP inhibitors remain areas of active investigation. In this review, we will (i) summarize recent advances made in elucidating the molecular nature of the PTP focusing on evidence pointing to mitochondrial FoF1-ATP synthase, (ii) summarize studies aimed at discovering novel PTP inhibitors, and (iii) review data supporting compromised PTP activity in specific mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justina Šileikytė
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Michael Forte
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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32
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Marques-Aleixo I, Santos-Alves E, Torrella JR, Oliveira PJ, Magalhães J, Ascensão A. Exercise and Doxorubicin Treatment Modulate Cardiac Mitochondrial Quality Control Signaling. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2019; 18:43-55. [PMID: 28536949 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-017-9412-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The cross-tolerance effect of exercise against heart mitochondrial-mediated quality control, remodeling and death-related mechanisms associated with sub-chronic Doxorubicin (DOX) treatment is yet unknown. We therefore analyzed the effects of two distinct chronic exercise models (endurance treadmill training-TM and voluntary free wheel activity-FW) performed during the course of the sub-chronic DOX treatment on mitochondrial susceptibility to permeability transition pore (mPTP), apoptotic and autophagic signaling and mitochondrial dynamics. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into six groups (n = 6 per group): saline sedentary (SAL + SED), SAL + TM (12-weeks treadmill), SAL + FW (12-weeks voluntary free-wheel), DOX + SED [7-weeks sub-chronic DOX treatment (2 mg kg-1 week-1)], DOX + TM and DOX + FW. Apoptotic signaling and mPTP regulation were followed by measuring caspase 3, 8 and 9 activities, Bax, Bcl2, CypD, ANT, and cophilin expression. Mitochondrial dynamics (Mfn1, Mfn2, OPA1 and DRP1) and auto(mito)phagy (LC3, Beclin1, Pink1, Parkin and p62)-related proteins were semi-quantified. DOX treatment results in augmented mPTP susceptibility and apoptotic signaling (caspases 3, 8 and 9 and Bax/Bcl2 ratio). Moreover, DOX decreased the expression of fusion-related proteins (Mfn1, Mfn2, OPA1), increased DRP1 and the activation of auto(mito)phagy signaling. TM and FW prevented DOX-increased mPTP susceptibility and apoptotic signaling, alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and inhibits DOX-induced increases in auto(mito)phagy signaling. Collectively, our results suggest that both used chronic exercise models performed before and during the course of sub-chronic DOX treatment limit cardiac mitochondrial-driven apoptotic signaling and regulate alterations in mitochondrial dynamics and auto(mito)phagy in DOX-treated animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Marques-Aleixo
- CIAFEL - Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal.
| | - E Santos-Alves
- CIAFEL - Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J R Torrella
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - P J Oliveira
- CNC - Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - J Magalhães
- CIAFEL - Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
| | - A Ascensão
- CIAFEL - Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure, Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
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33
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Porter GA, Beutner G. Cyclophilin D, Somehow a Master Regulator of Mitochondrial Function. Biomolecules 2018; 8:E176. [PMID: 30558250 PMCID: PMC6316178 DOI: 10.3390/biom8040176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclophilin D (CyPD) is an important mitochondrial chaperone protein whose mechanism of action remains a mystery. It is well known for regulating mitochondrial function and coupling of the electron transport chain and ATP synthesis by controlling the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP), but more recent evidence suggests that it may regulate electron transport chain activity. Given its identification as a peptidyl-prolyl, cis-trans isomerase (PPIase), CyPD, is thought to be involved in mitochondrial protein folding, but very few reports demonstrate the presence of this activity. By contrast, CyPD may also perform a scaffolding function, as it binds to a number of important proteins in the mitochondrial matrix and inner mitochondrial membrane. From a clinical perspective, inhibiting CyPD to inhibit PTP opening protects against ischemia⁻reperfusion injury, making modulation of CyPD activity a potentially important therapeutic goal, but the lack of knowledge about the mechanisms of CyPD's actions remains problematic for such therapies. Thus, the important yet enigmatic nature of CyPD somehow makes it a master regulator, yet a troublemaker, for mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- George A Porter
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Gisela Beutner
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
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34
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Vercesi AE, Castilho RF, Kowaltowski AJ, de Oliveira HCF, de Souza-Pinto NC, Figueira TR, Busanello ENB. Mitochondrial calcium transport and the redox nature of the calcium-induced membrane permeability transition. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 129:1-24. [PMID: 30172747 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria possess a Ca2+ transport system composed of separate Ca2+ influx and efflux pathways. Intramitochondrial Ca2+ concentrations regulate oxidative phosphorylation, required for cell function and survival, and mitochondrial redox balance, that participates in a myriad of signaling and damaging pathways. The interaction between Ca2+ accumulation and redox imbalance regulates opening and closing of a highly regulated inner membrane pore, the membrane permeability transition pore (PTP). In this review, we discuss the regulation of the PTP by mitochondrial oxidants, reactive nitrogen species, and the interactions between these species and other PTP inducers. In addition, we discuss the involvement of mitochondrial redox imbalance and PTP in metabolic conditions such as atherogenesis, diabetes, obesity and in mtDNA stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anibal E Vercesi
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Roger F Castilho
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Alicia J Kowaltowski
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Helena C F de Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Nadja C de Souza-Pinto
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Tiago R Figueira
- Escola de Educação Física e Esporte de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Estela N B Busanello
- Departamento de Patologia Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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35
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De Col V, Petrussa E, Casolo V, Braidot E, Lippe G, Filippi A, Peresson C, Patui S, Bertolini A, Giorgio V, Checchetto V, Vianello A, Bernardi P, Zancani M. Properties of the Permeability Transition of Pea Stem Mitochondria. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1626. [PMID: 30524297 PMCID: PMC6262314 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In striking analogy with Saccharomyces cerevisiae, etiolated pea stem mitochondria did not show appreciable Ca2+ uptake. Only treatment with the ionophore ETH129 (which allows electrophoretic Ca2+ equilibration) caused Ca2+ uptake followed by increased inner membrane permeability, membrane depolarization and Ca2+ release. Like the permeability transition (PT) of mammals, yeast and Drosophila, the PT of pea stem mitochondria was stimulated by diamide and phenylarsine oxide and inhibited by Mg-ADP and Mg-ATP, suggesting a common underlying mechanism; yet, the plant PT also displayed distinctive features: (i) as in mammals it was desensitized by cyclosporin A, which does not affect the PT of yeast and Drosophila; (ii) similarly to S. cerevisiae and Drosophila it was inhibited by Pi, which stimulates the PT of mammals; (iii) like in mammals and Drosophila it was sensitized by benzodiazepine 423, which is ineffective in S. cerevisiae; (iv) like what observed in Drosophila it did not mediate swelling and cytochrome c release, which is instead seen in mammals and S. cerevisiae. We find that cyclophilin D, the mitochondrial receptor for cyclosporin A, is present in pea stem mitochondria. These results indicate that the plant PT has unique features and suggest that, as in Drosophila, it may provide pea stem mitochondria with a Ca2+ release channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina De Col
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Elisa Petrussa
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Valentino Casolo
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Enrico Braidot
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lippe
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Antonio Filippi
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Carlo Peresson
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Sonia Patui
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Alberto Bertolini
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Valentina Giorgio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova and CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Angelo Vianello
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova and CNR Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Zancani
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences (Di4A), University of Udine, Udine, Italy
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36
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Baines CP, Gutiérrez-Aguilar M. The still uncertain identity of the channel-forming unit(s) of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Cell Calcium 2018; 73:121-130. [PMID: 29793100 PMCID: PMC5993635 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria from different organisms can undergo a sudden process of inner membrane unselective leakiness to molecules known as the mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT). This process has been studied for nearly four decades and several proteins have been claimed to constitute, or at least regulate the usually inactive pore responsible for this transition. However, no protein candidate proposed as the actual pore-forming unit has passed rigorous gain- or loss-of-function genetic tests. Here we review evidence for -and against- putative channel-forming components of the MPT pore. We conclude that the structure of the MPT pore still remains largely undefined and suggest that future studies should follow established technical considerations to unambiguously consolidate the channel forming constituent(s) of the MPT pore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher P Baines
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
| | - Manuel Gutiérrez-Aguilar
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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37
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Nesci S, Trombetti F, Ventrella V, Pagliarani A. From the Ca 2+-activated F 1F O-ATPase to the mitochondrial permeability transition pore: an overview. Biochimie 2018; 152:85-93. [PMID: 29964086 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2018.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Based on recent advances on the Ca2+-activated F1FO-ATPase features, a novel multistep mechanism involving the mitochondrial F1FO complex in the formation and opening of the still enigmatic mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP), is proposed. MPTP opening makes the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) permeable to ions and solutes and, through cascade events, addresses cell fate to death. Since MPTP forms when matrix Ca2+ concentration rises and ATP is hydrolyzed by the F1FO-ATPase, conformational changes, triggered by Ca2+ insertion in F1, may be transmitted to FO and locally modify the IMM curvature. These events would cause F1FO-ATPase dimer dissociation and MPTP opening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Nesci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Fabiana Trombetti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Vittoria Ventrella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pagliarani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 50, 40064, Ozzano Emilia, BO, Italy.
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38
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Magrì A, Reina S, De Pinto V. VDAC1 as Pharmacological Target in Cancer and Neurodegeneration: Focus on Its Role in Apoptosis. Front Chem 2018; 6:108. [PMID: 29682501 PMCID: PMC5897536 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer and neurodegeneration are different classes of diseases that share the involvement of mitochondria in their pathogenesis. Whereas the high glycolytic rate (the so-called Warburg metabolism) and the suppression of apoptosis are key elements for the establishment and maintenance of cancer cells, mitochondrial dysfunction and increased cell death mark neurodegeneration. As a main actor in the regulation of cell metabolism and apoptosis, VDAC may represent the common point between these two broad families of pathologies. Located in the outer mitochondrial membrane, VDAC forms channels that control the flux of ions and metabolites across the mitochondrion thus mediating the organelle's cross-talk with the rest of the cell. Furthermore, the interaction with both pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic factors makes VDAC a gatekeeper for mitochondria-mediated cell death and survival signaling pathways. Unfortunately, the lack of an evident druggability of this protein, since it has no defined binding or active sites, makes the quest for VDAC interacting molecules a difficult tale. Pharmacologically active molecules of different classes have been proposed to hit cancer and neurodegeneration. In this work, we provide an exhaustive and detailed survey of all the molecules, peptides, and microRNAs that exploit VDAC in the treatment of the two examined classes of pathologies. The mechanism of action and the potential or effectiveness of each compound are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Magrì
- Section of Molecular Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, National Institute for Biomembranes and Biosystems, Section of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Simona Reina
- Section of Molecular Biology, Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.,Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, National Institute for Biomembranes and Biosystems, Section of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Vito De Pinto
- Section of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, National Institute for Biomembranes and Biosystems, Section of Catania, Catania, Italy
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39
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Zhu H, Sun A. Programmed necrosis in heart disease: Molecular mechanisms and clinical implications. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 116:125-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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40
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Notter T, Coughlin JM, Sawa A, Meyer U. Reconceptualization of translocator protein as a biomarker of neuroinflammation in psychiatry. Mol Psychiatry 2018; 23:36-47. [PMID: 29203847 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2017.232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A great deal of interest in psychiatric research is currently centered upon the pathogenic role of inflammatory processes. Positron emission tomography (PET) using radiolabeled ligands selective for the 18 kDa translocator protein (TSPO) has become the most widely used technique to assess putative neuroimmune abnormalities in vivo. Originally used to detect discrete neurotoxic damages, TSPO has generally turned into a biomarker of 'neuroinflammation' or 'microglial activation'. Psychiatric research has mostly accepted these denotations of TSPO, even if they may be inadequate and misleading under many pathological conditions. A reliable and neurobiologically meaningful diagnosis of 'neuroinflammation' or 'microglial activation' is unlikely to be achieved by the sole use of TSPO PET imaging. It is also very likely that the pathological meanings of altered TSPO binding or expression are disease-specific, and therefore, not easily generalizable across different neuropathologies or inflammatory conditions. This difficulty is intricately linked to the varying (and still ill-defined) physiological functions and cellular expression patterns of TSPO in health and disease. While altered TSPO binding or expression may indeed mirror ongoing neuroinflammatory processes in some cases, it may reflect other pathophysiological processes such as abnormalities in cell metabolism, energy production and oxidative stress in others. Hence, the increasing popularity of TSPO PET imaging has paradoxically introduced substantial uncertainty regarding the nature and meaning of neuroinflammatory processes and microglial activation in psychiatry, and likely in other neuropathological conditions as well. The ambiguity of conceiving TSPO simply as a biomarker of 'neuroinflammation' or 'microglial activation' calls for alternative interpretations and complimentary approaches. Without the latter, the ongoing scientific efforts and excitement surrounding the role of the neuroimmune system in psychiatry may not turn into therapeutic hope for affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Notter
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich-Vetsuisse, Zurich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J M Coughlin
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - A Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - U Meyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Zurich-Vetsuisse, Zurich, Switzerland.,Neuroscience Center Zurich, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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41
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Cardioprotective Effect of Danshensu against Ischemic/Reperfusion Injury via c-Subunit of ATP Synthase Inhibition. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:7986184. [PMID: 29250127 PMCID: PMC5698818 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7986184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) opening is the main culprit of ischemic/reperfusion (IR) injury. It is reported that c-subunit of ATP synthase is the core component of MPTP. Danshensu (DSS), a monomer isolated from the traditional Chinese herb Danshen, has showed cardioprotective effect against IR injury through unknown mechanism. In this study, rat hearts were suspended in Langendorff instrument and perfused with Krebs-Henseleit (KH) buffer containing DSS for 60 minutes, followed by 30 minutes of global ischemia. Parameters including heart rate, left ventricular developed pressure, and the rate of left ventricle diastolic pressure change were recorded to assess their cardiac function. All these indexes were improved in DSS group. The rate of cardiomyocytes apoptosis and MPTP opening were both inhibited in DSS group. In addition, DSS administration leads to downregulation of c-subunit of ATP synthase in both mRNA and protein levels. Consistently, when c-subunit of ATP synthase was overexpressed in H9C2 cells through pcDNA3/5G1 plasmid transfection, MPTP opening was enhanced when the cardioprotective effect of DSS also tapers. In conclusion, DSS could alleviate cardiac IR injury via inhibiting c-subunit of ATP synthase expression.
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42
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Camara AKS, Zhou Y, Wen PC, Tajkhorshid E, Kwok WM. Mitochondrial VDAC1: A Key Gatekeeper as Potential Therapeutic Target. Front Physiol 2017; 8:460. [PMID: 28713289 PMCID: PMC5491678 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are the key source of ATP that fuels cellular functions, and they are also central in cellular signaling, cell division and apoptosis. Dysfunction of mitochondria has been implicated in a wide range of diseases, including neurodegenerative and cardiac diseases, and various types of cancer. One of the key proteins that regulate mitochondrial function is the voltage-dependent anion channel 1 (VDAC1), the most abundant protein on the outer membrane of mitochondria. VDAC1 is the gatekeeper for the passages of metabolites, nucleotides, and ions; it plays a crucial role in regulating apoptosis due to its interaction with apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins, namely members of the Bcl-2 family of proteins and hexokinase. Therefore, regulation of VDAC1 is crucial not only for metabolic functions of mitochondria, but also for cell survival. In fact, multiple lines of evidence have confirmed the involvement of VDAC1 in several diseases. Consequently, modulation or dysregulation of VDAC1 function can potentially attenuate or exacerbate pathophysiological conditions. Understanding the role of VDAC1 in health and disease could lead to selective protection of cells in different tissues and diverse diseases. The purpose of this review is to discuss the role of VDAC1 in the pathogenesis of diseases and as a potentially effective target for therapeutic management of various pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amadou K S Camara
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, WI, United States.,Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, WI, United States
| | - YiFan Zhou
- Department of Assay Development, HD BiosciencesShanghai, China
| | - Po-Chao Wen
- Department of Biochemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbana, IL, United States
| | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- Department of Biochemistry, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUrbana, IL, United States
| | - Wai-Meng Kwok
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, WI, United States.,Cardiovascular Center, Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, WI, United States.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukee, WI, United States
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43
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Giorgio V, Burchell V, Schiavone M, Bassot C, Minervini G, Petronilli V, Argenton F, Forte M, Tosatto S, Lippe G, Bernardi P. Ca 2+ binding to F-ATP synthase β subunit triggers the mitochondrial permeability transition. EMBO Rep 2017; 18:1065-1076. [PMID: 28507163 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201643354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
F-ATP synthases convert the electrochemical energy of the H+ gradient into the chemical energy of ATP with remarkable efficiency. Mitochondrial F-ATP synthases can also undergo a Ca2+-dependent transformation to form channels with properties matching those of the permeability transition pore (PTP), a key player in cell death. The Ca2+ binding site and the mechanism(s) through which Ca2+ can transform the energy-conserving enzyme into a dissipative structure promoting cell death remain unknown. Through in vitro, in vivo and in silico studies we (i) pinpoint the "Ca2+-trigger site" of the PTP to the catalytic site of the F-ATP synthase β subunit and (ii) define a conformational change that propagates from the catalytic site through OSCP and the lateral stalk to the inner membrane. T163S mutants of the β subunit, which show a selective decrease in Ca2+-ATP hydrolysis, confer resistance to Ca2+-induced, PTP-dependent death in cells and developing zebrafish embryos. These findings are a major advance in the molecular definition of the transition of F-ATP synthase to a channel and of its role in cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Giorgio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy .,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Victoria Burchell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Schiavone
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Claudio Bassot
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Valeria Petronilli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Michael Forte
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Silvio Tosatto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lippe
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy .,Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Neuroscience Institute, Padova, Italy
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Giorgio V, Guo L, Bassot C, Petronilli V, Bernardi P. Calcium and regulation of the mitochondrial permeability transition. Cell Calcium 2017; 70:56-63. [PMID: 28522037 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recent years have seen renewed interest in the permeability transition pore, a high conductance channel responsible for permeabilization of the inner mitochondrial membrane, a process that leads to depolarization and Ca2+ release. Transient openings may be involved in physiological Ca2+ homeostasis while long-lasting openings may trigger and/or execute cell death. In this review we specifically focus (i) on the hypothesis that the PTP forms from the F-ATP synthase and (ii) on the mechanisms through which Ca2+ can reversibly switch this energy-conserving nanomachine into an energy-dissipating device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Giorgio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Lishu Guo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Claudio Bassot
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Valeria Petronilli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Italy
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Neuroscience Institute, University of Padova, Italy.
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45
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Gutiérrez-Aguilar M. Commentary: Synthetic Ubiquinones Specifically Bind to Mitochondrial Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1 (VDAC1) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mitochondria. Front Mol Biosci 2017; 4:16. [PMID: 28393069 PMCID: PMC5364134 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2017.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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46
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Aspirin induces cell death by directly modulating mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC). Sci Rep 2017; 7:45184. [PMID: 28327594 PMCID: PMC5361111 DOI: 10.1038/srep45184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aspirin induces apoptotic cell death in various cancer cell lines. Here we showed that silencing of VDAC1 protected HeLa cells from aspirin-induced cell death. Compared to the wild type cells, VDAC1 knocked down cells showed lesser change of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), upon aspirin treatment. Aspirin augmented ATP and ionomycin-induced mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake which was abolished in VDAC1 knocked down cells. Aspirin dissociated bound hexokinase II (HK-II) from mitochondria. Further, aspirin promoted the closure of recombinant human VDAC1, reconstituted in planar lipid bilayer. Taken together, these results imply that VDAC1 serves as a novel target for aspirin. Modulation of VDAC1 is possibly associated with the cell death and anticancer effects of aspirin.
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47
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Golovach NG, Cheshchevik VT, Lapshina EA, Ilyich TV, Zavodnik IB. Calcium-Induced Mitochondrial Permeability Transitions: Parameters of Ca 2+ Ion Interactions with Mitochondria and Effects of Oxidative Agents. J Membr Biol 2017; 250:225-236. [PMID: 28251264 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-017-9953-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the parameters of Ca2+-induced mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) pore formations, Ca2+ binding constants, stoichiometry, energy of activation, and the effect of oxidative agents, tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBHP), and hypochlorous acid (HOCl), on Ca2+ -mediated process in rat liver mitochondria. From the Hill plot of the dependence of MPT rate on Ca2+ concentration, we determined the order of interaction of Ca2+ ions with the mitochondrial sites, n = 3, and the apparent Kd = 60 ± 12 µM. We also found the apparent Michaelis-Menten constant, Km, for Ca2+ interactions with mitochondria to be equal to 75 ± 20 µM, whereas that in the presence of 300 µM tBHP was 120 ± 20 µM. Using the Arrhenius plots of the temperature dependences of apparent mitochondrial swelling rate at various Ca2+ concentrations, we calculated the activation energy of the MPT process. ΔEa was 130 ± 20 kJ/mol at temperatures below the break point of the Arrhenius plot (30-34 °C) and 50 ± 9 kJ/mol at higher temperatures. Ca2+ ions induced rapid mitochondrial NADH depletion and membrane depolarization. Prevention of the pore formation by cyclosporin A inhibited Ca2+-dependent mitochondrial depolarization and Mg2+ ions attenuated the potential dissipation. tBHP (10-150 µM) dose-dependently enhanced the rate of MPT opening, whereas the effect of HOCl on MPT depended on the ratio of HOCl/Ca2+. The apparent Km of tBHP interaction with mitochondria in the swelling reaction was found to be Km = 11 ± 3 µM. The present study provides evidence that three calcium ions interact with mitochondrial site with high affinity during MPT. Ca2+-induced MPT pore formations due to mitochondrial membrane protein denaturation resulted in membrane potential dissipation. Oxidants with different mechanisms, tBHP and HOCl, reduced mitochondrial membrane potential and oxidized mitochondrial NADH in EDTA-free medium and had an effect on Ca2+-induced MPT onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina G Golovach
- Department of Biochemistry, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Blvd. Len. Kom. - 50, 230030, Grodno, Belarus
| | - Vitali T Cheshchevik
- Department of Biochemistry, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Blvd. Len. Kom. - 50, 230030, Grodno, Belarus
| | - Elena A Lapshina
- Department of Biochemistry, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Blvd. Len. Kom. - 50, 230030, Grodno, Belarus
| | - Tatsiana V Ilyich
- Department of Biochemistry, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Blvd. Len. Kom. - 50, 230030, Grodno, Belarus
| | - Ilya B Zavodnik
- Department of Biochemistry, Yanka Kupala State University of Grodno, Blvd. Len. Kom. - 50, 230030, Grodno, Belarus.
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48
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Murai M, Okuda A, Yamamoto T, Shinohara Y, Miyoshi H. Synthetic Ubiquinones Specifically Bind to Mitochondrial Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1 (VDAC1) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mitochondria. Biochemistry 2017; 56:570-581. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b01011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masatoshi Murai
- Division
of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Ayaka Okuda
- Division
of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Takenori Yamamoto
- Institute
for Genome Research, University of Tokushima, Kuramotocho-3, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yasuo Shinohara
- Institute
for Genome Research, University of Tokushima, Kuramotocho-3, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hideto Miyoshi
- Division
of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
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49
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Gauba E, Guo L, Du H. Cyclophilin D Promotes Brain Mitochondrial F1FO ATP Synthase Dysfunction in Aging Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 55:1351-1362. [PMID: 27834780 PMCID: PMC5496683 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Brain aging is the known strongest risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In recent years, mitochondrial deficits have been proposed to be a common mechanism linking brain aging to AD. Therefore, to elucidate the causative mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction in aging brains is of paramount importance for our understanding of the pathogenesis of AD, in particular its sporadic form. Cyclophilin D (CypD) is a specific mitochondrial protein. Recent studies have shown that F1FO ATP synthase oligomycin sensitivity conferring protein (OSCP) is a binding partner of CypD. The interaction of CypD with OSCP modulates F1FO ATP synthase function and mediates mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening. Here, we have found that increased CypD expression, enhanced CypD/OSCP interaction, and selective loss of OSCP are prominent brain mitochondrial changes in aging mice. Along with these changes, brain mitochondria from the aging mice demonstrated decreased F1FO ATP synthase activity and defective F1FO complex coupling. In contrast, CypD deficient mice exhibited substantially mitigated brain mitochondrial F1FO ATP synthase dysfunction with relatively preserved mitochondrial function during aging. Interestingly, the aging-related OSCP loss was also dramatically attenuated by CypD depletion. Therefore, the simplest interpretation of this study is that CypD promotes F1FO ATP synthase dysfunction and the resultant mitochondrial deficits in aging brains. In addition, in view of CypD and F1FO ATP synthase alterations seen in AD brains, the results further suggest that CypD-mediated F1FO ATP synthase deregulation is a shared mechanism linking mitochondrial deficits in brain aging and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esha Gauba
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas, Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Lan Guo
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas, Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Heng Du
- Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas, Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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50
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Rasheed MZ, Tabassum H, Parvez S. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore: a promising target for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. PROTOPLASMA 2017; 254:33-42. [PMID: 26825389 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-015-0930-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Among the neurodegenerative diseases (ND), Parkinson's disease affects 6.3 million people worldwide characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mtPTP) is a non-selective voltage-dependent mitochondrial channel whose opening modifies the permeability properties of the mitochondrial inner membrane. It is recognized as a potent pharmacological target for diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive cell death including ND such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Imbalance in Ca2+ concentration, change in mitochondrial membrane potential, overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS), or mutation in mitochondrial genome has been implicated in the pathophysiology of the opening of the mtPTP. Different proteins are released by permeability transition including cytochrome c which is responsible for apoptosis. This review aims to discuss the importance of PTP in the pathophysiology of PD and puts together different positive as well as negative aspects of drugs such as pramipexole, ropinirole, minocyclin, rasagilin, and safinamide which act as a blocker or modifier for mtPTP. Some of them may be detrimental in their neuroprotective nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Zeeshan Rasheed
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, 110 062, India
| | - Heena Tabassum
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, 110 062, India
- Department of Biochemistry, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, 110 062, India
| | - Suhel Parvez
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, 110 062, India.
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