1
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Nesci S, Romeo G. H+-slip correlated to rotor free-wheeling as cause of F 1F O-ATPase dysfunction in primary mitochondrial disorders. Med Res Rev 2024; 44:1183-1188. [PMID: 38167815 DOI: 10.1002/med.22013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Inborn errors of metabolism are related to mitochondrial disorders caused by dysfunction of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system. Congenital hypermetabolism in the infant is a rare disease belonging to Luft syndrome, nonthyroidal hypermetabolism, arising from a singular example of a defect in OXPHOS. The mitochondria lose coupling of mitochondrial substrates oxidation from the ADP phosphorylation. Since Luft syndrome is due to uncoupled cell respiration responsible for deficient in ATP production that originates in the respiratory complexes, a de novo heterozygous variant in the catalytic subunit of mitochondrial F1FO-ATPase arises as the main cause of an autosomal dominant syndrome of hypermetabolism associated with dysfunction in ATP production, which does not involve the respiratory complexes. The F1FO-ATPase works as an embedded molecular machine with a rotary action using two different motor engines. The FO, which is an integral domain in the membrane, dissipates the chemical potential difference for H+, a proton motive force (Δp), across the inner membrane to generate a torsion. The F1 domain-the hydrophilic portion responsible for ATP turnover-is powered by the molecular rotary action to synthesize ATP. The structural and functional coupling of F1 and FO domains support the energy transduction for ATP synthesis. The dissipation of Δp by means of an H+ slip correlated to rotor free-wheeling of the F1FO-ATPase has been discovered to cause enzyme dysfunction in primary mitochondrial disorders. In this insight, we try to offer commentary and analysis of the molecular mechanism in these impaired mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Nesci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Romeo
- Medical Genetics Unit, Sant'Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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2
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Sharma S, Luo M, Patel H, Mueller DM, Liao M. Conformational ensemble of yeast ATP synthase at low pH reveals unique intermediates and plasticity in F 1-F o coupling. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2024; 31:657-666. [PMID: 38316880 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-024-01219-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase uses the proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane to synthesize ATP. Structural and single molecule studies conducted mostly at neutral or basic pH have provided details of the reaction mechanism of ATP synthesis. However, pH of the mitochondrial matrix is slightly acidic during hypoxia and pH-dependent conformational changes in the ATP synthase have been reported. Here we use single-particle cryo-EM to analyze the conformational ensemble of the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) ATP synthase at pH 6. Of the four conformations resolved in this study, three are reaction intermediates. In addition to canonical catalytic dwell and binding dwell structures, we identify two unique conformations with nearly identical positions of the central rotor but different catalytic site conformations. These structures provide new insights into the catalytic mechanism of the ATP synthase and highlight elastic coupling between the catalytic and proton translocating domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuti Sharma
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hiral Patel
- Center for Genetic Diseases, The Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David M Mueller
- Center for Genetic Diseases, The Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Maofu Liao
- Department of Cell Biology, Blavatnik Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
- Institute for Biological Electron Microscopy, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
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3
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Chasák J, Oorts L, Dak M, Šlachtová V, Bazgier V, Berka K, De Vooght L, Smiejkowska N, Calster KV, Van Moll L, Cappoen D, Cos P, Brulíková L. Expanding the squaramide library as mycobacterial ATP synthase inhibitors: Innovative synthetic pathway and biological evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem 2023; 95:117504. [PMID: 37871508 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterial ATP synthase is a validated therapeutic target for combating drug-resistant tuberculosis. Inhibition of this enzyme has been featured as an efficient strategy for the development of new antimycobacterial agents against drug-resistant pathogens. In this study, we synthesised and explored two distinct series of squaric acid analogues designed to inhibit mycobacterial ATP synthase. Among the extensive array of compounds investigated, members of the phenyl-substituted sub-library emerged as primary hits. To gain deeper insights into their mechanisms of action, we conducted advanced biological studies, focusing on the compounds displaying a direct binding of a nitrogen heteroatom to the phenyl ring, resulting in the highest potency. Our investigations into spontaneous mutants led to the validation of a single point mutation within the atpB gene (Rv1304), responsible for encoding the ATP synthase subunit a. This genetic alteration sheds light on the molecular basis of resistance to squaramides. Furthermore, we explored the possibility of synergy between squaramides and the reference drug clofazimine using a checkerboard assay, highlighting the promising avenue for enhancing the effectiveness of existing treatments through combined therapeutic approaches. This study contributes to the expansion of investigating squaramides as promising drug candidates in the ongoing battle against drug-resistant tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Chasák
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 77146, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Lauren Oorts
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), S7, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Milan Dak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 77146, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Šlachtová
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 77146, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Václav Bazgier
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Berka
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 771 46, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Linda De Vooght
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), S7, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Natalia Smiejkowska
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), S7, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Kevin Van Calster
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), S7, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Laurence Van Moll
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), S7, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Davie Cappoen
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), S7, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Paul Cos
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Parasitology and Hygiene (LMPH), S7, Faculty of Pharmaceutical, Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Lucie Brulíková
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 77146, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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4
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Montgomery MG, Petri J, Spikes TE, Walker JE. Structure of the ATP synthase from Mycobacterium smegmatis provides targets for treating tuberculosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2111899118. [PMID: 34782468 PMCID: PMC8617483 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2111899118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure has been determined by electron cryomicroscopy of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase from Mycobacterium smegmatis This analysis confirms features in a prior description of the structure of the enzyme, but it also describes other highly significant attributes not recognized before that are crucial for understanding the mechanism and regulation of the mycobacterial enzyme. First, we resolved not only the three main states in the catalytic cycle described before but also eight substates that portray structural and mechanistic changes occurring during a 360° catalytic cycle. Second, a mechanism of auto-inhibition of ATP hydrolysis involves not only the engagement of the C-terminal region of an α-subunit in a loop in the γ-subunit, as proposed before, but also a "fail-safe" mechanism involving the b'-subunit in the peripheral stalk that enhances engagement. A third unreported characteristic is that the fused bδ-subunit contains a duplicated domain in its N-terminal region where the two copies of the domain participate in similar modes of attachment of the two of three N-terminal regions of the α-subunits. The auto-inhibitory plus the associated "fail-safe" mechanisms and the modes of attachment of the α-subunits provide targets for development of innovative antitubercular drugs. The structure also provides support for an observation made in the bovine ATP synthase that the transmembrane proton-motive force that provides the energy to drive the rotary mechanism is delivered directly and tangentially to the rotor via a Grotthuss water chain in a polar L-shaped tunnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin G Montgomery
- The Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica Petri
- The Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Tobias E Spikes
- The Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - John E Walker
- The Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
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Solaini G, Sgarbi G, Baracca A. The F1Fo-ATPase inhibitor, IF1, is a critical regulator of energy metabolism in cancer cells. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:815-827. [PMID: 33929490 DOI: 10.1042/bst20200742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In the last two decades, IF1, the endogenous inhibitor of the mitochondrial F1Fo-ATPase (ATP synthase) has assumed greater and ever greater interest since it has been found to be overexpressed in many cancers. At present, several findings indicate that IF1 is capable of playing a central role in cancer cells by promoting metabolic reprogramming, proliferation and resistance to cell death. However, the mechanism(s) at the basis of this pro-oncogenic action of IF1 remains elusive. Here, we recall the main features of the mechanism of the action of IF1 when the ATP synthase works in reverse, and discuss the experimental evidence that support its relevance in cancer cells. In particular, a clear pro-oncogenic action of IF1 is to avoid wasting of ATP when cancer cells are exposed to anoxia or near anoxia conditions, therefore favoring cell survival and tumor growth. However, more recently, various papers have described IF1 as an inhibitor of the ATP synthase when it is working physiologically (i.e. synthethizing ATP), and therefore reprogramming cell metabolism to aerobic glycolysis. In contrast, other studies excluded IF1 as an inhibitor of ATP synthase under normoxia, providing the basis for a hot debate. This review focuses on the role of IF1 as a modulator of the ATP synthase in normoxic cancer cells with the awareness that the knowledge of the molecular action of IF1 on the ATP synthase is crucial in unravelling the molecular mechanism(s) responsible for the pro-oncogenic role of IF1 in cancer and in developing related anticancer strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Solaini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Mitochondrial Pathophysiology, University of Bologna, via Irnerio, 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianluca Sgarbi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Mitochondrial Pathophysiology, University of Bologna, via Irnerio, 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Baracca
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry and Mitochondrial Pathophysiology, University of Bologna, via Irnerio, 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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6
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Koushi M, Asakai R. Bisindolylpyrrole Induces a Cpr3- and Porin1/2-Dependent Transition in Yeast Mitochondrial Permeability in a Low Conductance State via the AACs-Associated Pore. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22031212. [PMID: 33530556 PMCID: PMC7865566 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22031212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP) is presumably formed by either ATP synthase or the ATP/ADP carrier (AAC), little is known about their differential roles in PTP activation. We explored the role of AAC and ATP synthase in PTP formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae using bisindolylpyrrole (BP), an activator of the mammalian PTP. The yeast mitochondrial membrane potential, as indicated by tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester signals, dissipated over 2–4 h after treatment of cells with 5 μM BP, which was sensitive to cyclosporin A (CsA) and Cpr3 deficiency and blocked by porin1/2 deficiency. The BP-induced depolarization was inhibited by a specific AAC inhibitor, bongkrekate, and consistently blocked in a yeast strain lacking all three AACs, while it was not affected in the strain with defective ATP synthase dimerization, suggesting the involvement of an AAC-associated pore. Upon BP treatment, isolated yeast mitochondria underwent CsA- and bongkrekate-sensitive depolarization without affecting the mitochondrial calcein signals, indicating the induction of a low conductance channel. These data suggest that, upon BP treatment, yeast can form a porin1/2- and Cpr3-regulated PTP, which is mediated by AACs but not by ATP synthase dimers. This implies that yeast may be an excellent tool for the screening of PTP modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rei Asakai
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-475-53-4588; Fax: +81-475-53-4556
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7
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Mühleip A, Kock Flygaard R, Ovciarikova J, Lacombe A, Fernandes P, Sheiner L, Amunts A. ATP synthase hexamer assemblies shape cristae of Toxoplasma mitochondria. Nat Commun 2021; 12:120. [PMID: 33402698 PMCID: PMC7785744 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20381-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial ATP synthase plays a key role in inducing membrane curvature to establish cristae. In Apicomplexa causing diseases such as malaria and toxoplasmosis, an unusual cristae morphology has been observed, but its structural basis is unknown. Here, we report that the apicomplexan ATP synthase assembles into cyclic hexamers, essential to shape their distinct cristae. Cryo-EM was used to determine the structure of the hexamer, which is held together by interactions between parasite-specific subunits in the lumenal region. Overall, we identified 17 apicomplexan-specific subunits, and a minimal and nuclear-encoded subunit-a. The hexamer consists of three dimers with an extensive dimer interface that includes bound cardiolipins and the inhibitor IF1. Cryo-ET and subtomogram averaging revealed that hexamers arrange into ~20-megadalton pentagonal pyramids in the curved apical membrane regions. Knockout of the linker protein ATPTG11 resulted in the loss of pentagonal pyramids with concomitant aberrantly shaped cristae. Together, this demonstrates that the unique macromolecular arrangement is critical for the maintenance of cristae morphology in Apicomplexa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Mühleip
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 17165, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rasmus Kock Flygaard
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 17165, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jana Ovciarikova
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Alice Lacombe
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Paula Fernandes
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 17165, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Lilach Sheiner
- Wellcome Centre for Integrative Parasitology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Alexey Amunts
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 17165, Solna, Sweden.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
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8
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Bahri H, Buratto J, Rojo M, Dompierre JP, Salin B, Blancard C, Cuvellier S, Rose M, Ben Ammar Elgaaied A, Tetaud E, di Rago JP, Devin A, Duvezin-Caubet S. TMEM70 forms oligomeric scaffolds within mitochondrial cristae promoting in situ assembly of mammalian ATP synthase proton channel. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2020; 1868:118942. [PMID: 33359711 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial ATP-synthesis is catalyzed by a F1Fo-ATP synthase, an enzyme of dual genetic origin enriched at the edge of cristae where it plays a key role in their structure/stability. The enzyme's biogenesis remains poorly understood, both from a mechanistic and a compartmentalization point of view. The present study provides novel molecular insights into this process through investigations on a human protein called TMEM70 with an unclear role in the assembly of ATP synthase. A recent study has revealed the existence of physical interactions between TMEM70 and the subunit c (Su.c), a protein present in 8 identical copies forming a transmembrane oligomeric ring (c-ring) within the ATP synthase proton translocating domain (Fo). Herein we analyzed the ATP-synthase assembly in cells lacking TMEM70, mitochondrial DNA or F1 subunits and observe a direct correlation between TMEM70 and Su.c levels, regardless of the status of other ATP synthase subunits or of mitochondrial bioenergetics. Immunoprecipitation, two-dimensional blue-native/SDS-PAGE, and pulse-chase experiments reveal that TMEM70 forms large oligomers that interact with Su.c not yet incorporated into ATP synthase complexes. Moreover, discrete TMEM70-Su.c complexes with increasing Su.c contents can be detected, suggesting a role for TMEM70 oligomers in the gradual assembly of the c-ring. Furthermore, we demonstrate using expansion super-resolution microscopy the specific localization of TMEM70 at the inner cristae membrane, distinct from the MICOS component MIC60. Taken together, our results show that TMEM70 oligomers provide a scaffold for c-ring assembly and that mammalian ATP synthase is assembled within inner cristae membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hela Bahri
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire de génétique, Immunologie et Pathologie Humaine, Faculté des sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis-El Manar FST, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Jeremie Buratto
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Université Bordeaux, CNRS, IPB, CBMN (UMR 5248), Institut Européen de Chimie et Biologie, 2 rue Robert Escarpit, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Manuel Rojo
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jim Paul Dompierre
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Bénédicte Salin
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Corinne Blancard
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Sylvain Cuvellier
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Marie Rose
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Amel Ben Ammar Elgaaied
- Laboratoire de génétique, Immunologie et Pathologie Humaine, Faculté des sciences de Tunis, Université Tunis-El Manar FST, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - Emmanuel Tetaud
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Laboratoire de Microbiologie Fondamentale et Pathogénicité UMR-CNRS 5234, 146 rue Léo Saignat, CEDEX F-33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - Jean-Paul di Rago
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Anne Devin
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Stéphane Duvezin-Caubet
- Université Bordeaux, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
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9
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Flygaard RK, Mühleip A, Tobiasson V, Amunts A. Type III ATP synthase is a symmetry-deviated dimer that induces membrane curvature through tetramerization. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5342. [PMID: 33093501 PMCID: PMC7583250 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18993-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial ATP synthases form functional homodimers to induce cristae curvature that is a universal property of mitochondria. To expand on the understanding of this fundamental phenomenon, we characterized the unique type III mitochondrial ATP synthase in its dimeric and tetrameric form. The cryo-EM structure of a ciliate ATP synthase dimer reveals an unusual U-shaped assembly of 81 proteins, including a substoichiometrically bound ATPTT2, 40 lipids, and co-factors NAD and CoQ. A single copy of subunit ATPTT2 functions as a membrane anchor for the dimeric inhibitor IF1. Type III specific linker proteins stably tie the ATP synthase monomers in parallel to each other. The intricate dimer architecture is scaffolded by an extended subunit-a that provides a template for both intra- and inter-dimer interactions. The latter results in the formation of tetramer assemblies, the membrane part of which we determined to 3.1 Å resolution. The structure of the type III ATP synthase tetramer and its associated lipids suggests that it is the intact unit propagating the membrane curvature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasmus Kock Flygaard
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 17165, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexander Mühleip
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 17165, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Victor Tobiasson
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 17165, Solna, Sweden
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alexey Amunts
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, 17165, Solna, Sweden.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 17177, Stockholm, Sweden.
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10
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Nath S. A Novel Conceptual Model for the Dual Role of FOF1-ATP Synthase in Cell Life and Cell Death. Biomol Concepts 2020; 11:143-152. [PMID: 32827389 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2020-0014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) has been one of the longstanding enigmas in biology. Its cause is currently at the center of an extensive scientific debate, and several hypotheses on its molecular nature have been put forward. The present view holds that the transition arises from the opening of a high-conductance channel in the energy-transducing membrane, the permeability transition pore (PTP), also called the mitochondrial megachannel or the multiconductance channel (MMC). Here, the novel hypothesis is proposed that the aqueous access channels at the interface of the c-ring and the a-subunit of FO in the FOF1-ATP synthase are repurposed during induction of apoptosis and constitute the elusive PTP/ MMC. A unifying principle based on regulation by local potentials is advanced to rationalize the action of the myriad structurally and chemically diverse inducers and inhibitors of PTP/MMC. Experimental evidence in favor of the hypothesis and its differences from current models of PTP/MMC are summarized. The hypothesis explains in considerable detail how the binding of Ca2+ to a β-catalytic site (site 3) in the F1 portion of ATP synthase triggers the opening of the PTP/MMC. It is also shown to connect to longstanding proposals within Nath's torsional mechanism of energy transduction and ATP synthesis as to how the binding of MgADP to site 3 does not induce PTP/MMC, but instead catalyzes physiological ATP synthesis in cell life. In the author's knowledge, this is the first model that explains how Ca2+ transforms the FOF1-ATP synthase from an exquisite energy-conserving enzyme in cell life into an energy-dissipating structure that promotes cell death. This has major implications for basic as well as for clinical research, such as for the development of drugs that target the MPT, given the established role of PTP/MMC dysregulation in cancer, ischemia, cardiac hypertrophy, and various neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Nath
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
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11
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Su X, Dautant A, Godard F, Bouhier M, Zoladek T, Kucharczyk R, di Rago JP, Tribouillard-Tanvier D. Molecular Basis of the Pathogenic Mechanism Induced by the m.9191T>C Mutation in Mitochondrial ATP6 Gene. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21145083. [PMID: 32708436 PMCID: PMC7404254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21145083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Probing the pathogenicity and functional consequences of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations from patient’s cells and tissues is difficult due to genetic heteroplasmy (co-existence of wild type and mutated mtDNA in cells), occurrence of numerous mtDNA polymorphisms, and absence of methods for genetically transforming human mitochondria. Owing to its good fermenting capacity that enables survival to loss-of-function mtDNA mutations, its amenability to mitochondrial genome manipulation, and lack of heteroplasmy, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an excellent model for studying and resolving the molecular bases of human diseases linked to mtDNA in a controlled genetic background. Using this model, we previously showed that a pathogenic mutation in mitochondrial ATP6 gene (m.9191T>C), that converts a highly conserved leucine residue into proline in human ATP synthase subunit a (aL222P), severely compromises the assembly of yeast ATP synthase and reduces by 90% the rate of mitochondrial ATP synthesis. Herein, we report the isolation of intragenic suppressors of this mutation. In light of recently described high resolution structures of ATP synthase, the results indicate that the m.9191T>C mutation disrupts a four α-helix bundle in subunit a and that the leucine residue it targets indirectly optimizes proton conduction through the membrane domain of ATP synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Su
- Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, Université de Bordeaux, 1 Rue Camille Saint-Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux, France; (X.S.); (A.D.); (F.G.); (M.B.); (J.-P.d.R.)
| | - Alain Dautant
- Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, Université de Bordeaux, 1 Rue Camille Saint-Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux, France; (X.S.); (A.D.); (F.G.); (M.B.); (J.-P.d.R.)
| | - François Godard
- Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, Université de Bordeaux, 1 Rue Camille Saint-Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux, France; (X.S.); (A.D.); (F.G.); (M.B.); (J.-P.d.R.)
| | - Marine Bouhier
- Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, Université de Bordeaux, 1 Rue Camille Saint-Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux, France; (X.S.); (A.D.); (F.G.); (M.B.); (J.-P.d.R.)
| | - Teresa Zoladek
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (T.Z.); (R.K.)
| | - Roza Kucharczyk
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland; (T.Z.); (R.K.)
| | - Jean-Paul di Rago
- Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, Université de Bordeaux, 1 Rue Camille Saint-Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux, France; (X.S.); (A.D.); (F.G.); (M.B.); (J.-P.d.R.)
| | - Déborah Tribouillard-Tanvier
- Institut de Biochimie et Génétique Cellulaires, Université de Bordeaux, 1 Rue Camille Saint-Saëns, 33077 Bordeaux, France; (X.S.); (A.D.); (F.G.); (M.B.); (J.-P.d.R.)
- Correspondence:
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12
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Mnatsakanyan N, Jonas EA. ATP synthase c-subunit ring as the channel of mitochondrial permeability transition: Regulator of metabolism in development and degeneration. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 144:109-118. [PMID: 32461058 PMCID: PMC7877492 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) or mitochondrial megachannel is arguably one of the most mysterious phenomena in biology today. mPTP has been at the center of ongoing extensive scientific research for the last several decades. In this review we will discuss recent advances in the field that enhance our understanding of the molecular composition of mPTP, its regulatory mechanisms and its pathophysiological role. We will describe our recent findings on the role of ATP synthase c-subunit ring as a central player in mitochondrial permeability transition and as an important metabolic regulator during development and in degenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelli Mnatsakanyan
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
| | - Elizabeth Ann Jonas
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
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13
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Franco LVR, Su CH, Burnett J, Teixeira LS, Tzagoloff A. Atco, a yeast mitochondrial complex of Atp9 and Cox6, is an assembly intermediate of the ATP synthase. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233177. [PMID: 32413073 PMCID: PMC7228087 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (oxphos) is the process by which the ATP synthase conserves the energy released during the oxidation of different nutrients as ATP. The yeast ATP synthase consists of three assembly modules, one of which is a ring consisting of 10 copies of the Atp9 subunit. We previously reported the existence in yeast mitochondria of high molecular weight complexes composed of mitochondrially encoded Atp9 and of Cox6, an imported structural subunit of cytochrome oxidase (COX). Pulse-chase experiments indicated a correlation between the loss of newly translated Atp9 complexed to Cox6 and an increase of newly formed Atp9 ring, but did not exclude the possibility of an alternate source of Atp9 for ring formation. Here we have extended studies on the functions and structure of this complex, referred to as Atco. We show that Atco is the exclusive source of Atp9 for the ATP synthase assembly. Pulse-chase experiments show that newly translated Atp9, present in Atco, is converted to a ring, which is incorporated into the ATP synthase with kinetics characteristic of a precursor-product relationship. Even though Atco does not contain the ring form of Atp9, cross-linking experiments indicate that it is oligomeric and that the inter-subunit interactions are similar to those of the bona fide ring. We propose that, by providing Atp9 for biogenesis of ATP synthase, Atco complexes free Cox6 for assembly of COX. This suggests that Atco complexes may play a role in coordinating assembly and maintaining proper stoichiometry of the two oxphos enzymes
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Veloso Ribeiro Franco
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Chen-Hsien Su
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Julia Burnett
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Lorisa Simas Teixeira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Alexander Tzagoloff
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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14
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Cobley JN, Noble A, Jimenez-Fernandez E, Valdivia Moya MT, Guille M, Husi H. Catalyst-free Click PEGylation reveals substantial mitochondrial ATP synthase sub-unit alpha oxidation before and after fertilisation. Redox Biol 2019; 26:101258. [PMID: 31234016 PMCID: PMC6597785 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Using non-reducing Western blotting to assess protein thiol redox state is challenging because most reduced and oxidised forms migrate at the same molecular weight and are, therefore, indistinguishable. While copper catalysed Click chemistry can be used to ligate a polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety termed Click PEGylation to mass shift the reduced or oxidised form as desired, the potential for copper catalysed auto-oxidation is problematic. Here we define a catalyst-free trans-cyclooctene-methyltetrazine (TCO-Tz) inverse electron demand Diels Alder chemistry approach that affords rapid (k ~2000 M−1 s−1), selective and bio-orthogonal Click PEGylation. We used TCO-Tz Click PEGylation to investigate how fertilisation impacts reversible mitochondrial ATP synthase F1-Fo sub-unit alpha (ATP-α-F1) oxidation—an established molecular correlate of impaired enzyme activity—in Xenopus laevis. TCO-Tz Click PEGylation studies reveal substantial (~65%) reversible ATP-α-F1 oxidation at evolutionary conserved cysteine residues (i.e., C244 and C294) before and after fertilisation. A single thiol is, however, preferentially oxidised likely due to greater solvent exposure during the catalytic cycle. Selective reduction experiments show that: S-glutathionylation accounts for ~50–60% of the reversible oxidation observed, making it the dominant oxidative modification type. Intermolecular disulphide bonds may also contribute due to their relative stability. Substantial reversible ATP-α-F1 oxidation before and after fertilisation is biologically meaningful because it implies low mitochondrial F1-Fo ATP synthase activity. Catalyst-free TCO-Tz Click PEGylation is a valuable new tool to interrogate protein thiol redox state in health and disease. Catalyst-free TCO-Tz Click PEGylation can assess protein thiol redox state. ATP-α-F1 is substantially oxidised before and after fertilisation. S-glutathionylation is the dominant oxidative modification type. A single thiol is preferentially oxidised due to greater solvent exposure. Catalyst-free TCO-Tz Click PEGylation is a valuable new tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N Cobley
- Free Radical Research Group, University of the Highlands and Islands, Centre for Health Sciences, Inverness, IV2 3JH, UK.
| | - Anna Noble
- European Xenopus Resource Centre, University of Portsmouth, School of Biological Sciences, King Henry Building, Portsmouth, PO1 2DY, UK
| | - Eduardo Jimenez-Fernandez
- Free Radical Research Group, University of the Highlands and Islands, Centre for Health Sciences, Inverness, IV2 3JH, UK
| | - Manuel-Thomas Valdivia Moya
- Free Radical Research Group, University of the Highlands and Islands, Centre for Health Sciences, Inverness, IV2 3JH, UK
| | - Matthew Guille
- European Xenopus Resource Centre, University of Portsmouth, School of Biological Sciences, King Henry Building, Portsmouth, PO1 2DY, UK
| | - Holger Husi
- Free Radical Research Group, University of the Highlands and Islands, Centre for Health Sciences, Inverness, IV2 3JH, UK
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15
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Gu J, Zhang L, Zong S, Guo R, Liu T, Yi J, Wang P, Zhuo W, Yang M. Cryo-EM structure of the mammalian ATP synthase tetramer bound with inhibitory protein IF1. Science 2019; 364:1068-1075. [PMID: 31197009 DOI: 10.1126/science.aaw4852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase produces most of the ATP required by mammalian cells. We isolated porcine tetrameric ATP synthase and solved its structure at 6.2-angstrom resolution using a single-particle cryo-electron microscopy method. Two classical V-shaped ATP synthase dimers lie antiparallel to each other to form an H-shaped ATP synthase tetramer, as viewed from the matrix. ATP synthase inhibitory factor subunit 1 (IF1) is a well-known in vivo inhibitor of mammalian ATP synthase at low pH. Two IF1 dimers link two ATP synthase dimers, which is consistent with the ATP synthase tetramer adopting an inhibited state. Within the tetramer, we refined structures of intact ATP synthase in two different rotational conformations at 3.34- and 3.45-Å resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinke Gu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Laixing Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shuai Zong
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Runyu Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Tianya Liu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jingbo Yi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Peiyi Wang
- SUSTech Cryo-EM Facility Center, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wei Zhuo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Maojun Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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16
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Emmanuel IA, Olotu FA, Agoni C, Soliman MES. Deciphering the 'Elixir of Life': Dynamic Perspectives into the Allosteric Modulation of Mitochondrial ATP Synthase by J147, a Novel Drug in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900085. [PMID: 30990952 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of J147 represented a significant milestone in the treatment of age-related disorders, which was further augmented by the recent identification of mitochondrial ATP synthase as the therapeutic target. However, the underlying molecular events associated with the modulatory activity of J147 have remained unresolved till date. Herein, we present, for the first time, a dynamical approach to investigate the allosteric regulation of mATP synthase by J147, using a reliable human αγβ protein model. The highlight of our findings is the existence of the J147-bound protein in distinct structural associations at different MD simulation periods coupled with concurrent open↔close transitions of the β catalytic and α allosteric (ATP5A) sites as defined by Cα distances (d), TriCα (Θ) and dihedral (φ) angular parameters. Firstly, there was an initial pairing of the αγ subunits away from the β subunit followed by the formation of the 'non-catalytic' αβ pair at a distance from the γ subunit. Interestingly, J147-induced structural arrangements were accompanied by the systematic transition of the β catalytic site from a closed to an open state, while there was a concurrent transition of the allosteric site from an open αE conformation to a closed state. Consequentially, J147 reduced the structural activity of the whole αγβ complex, while the unbound system exhibited high atomistic deviations and structural flexibility. Furthermore, J147 exhibited favorable binding at the allosteric site of mATP synthase with considerable electrostatic energy contributions from Gln215, Gly217, Thr219, Asp312, Asp313, Glu371 and Arg406. These findings provide details on the possible effects of J147 on mitochondrial bioenergetics, which could facilitate the structure-based design of novel small-molecule modulators of mATP synthase in the management of Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwuchukwu A Emmanuel
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Fisayo A Olotu
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Clement Agoni
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4001, South Africa
| | - Mahmoud E S Soliman
- Molecular Bio-computation and Drug Design Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban, 4001, South Africa
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17
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Abstract
In the presence of Ca2+, F-ATP synthase preparations eluted from Blue Native gels generate electrophysiological currents that are typical of an inner mitochondrial membrane mega-channel, the permeability transition pore. Here we describe an experimental protocol for purification of F-ATP synthase that allows to maintain the enzyme assembly and activity that are essential for catalysis and channel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Galber
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, CNR and University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Giulia Valente
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, CNR and University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Sophia von Stockum
- Department of Biology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Fondazione Ospedale San Camillo, IRCCS, Venezia, Italy
| | - Valentina Giorgio
- Neuroscience Institute and Department of Biomedical Sciences, CNR and University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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18
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Chorev DS, Baker LA, Wu D, Beilsten-Edmands V, Rouse SL, Zeev-Ben-Mordehai T, Jiko C, Samsudin F, Gerle C, Khalid S, Stewart AG, Matthews SJ, Grünewald K, Robinson CV. Protein assemblies ejected directly from native membranes yield complexes for mass spectrometry. Science 2018; 362:829-834. [PMID: 30442809 PMCID: PMC6522346 DOI: 10.1126/science.aau0976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Membrane proteins reside in lipid bilayers and are typically extracted from this environment for study, which often compromises their integrity. In this work, we ejected intact assemblies from membranes, without chemical disruption, and used mass spectrometry to define their composition. From Escherichia coli outer membranes, we identified a chaperone-porin association and lipid interactions in the β-barrel assembly machinery. We observed efflux pumps bridging inner and outer membranes, and from inner membranes we identified a pentameric pore of TonB, as well as the protein-conducting channel SecYEG in association with F1FO adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase. Intact mitochondrial membranes from Bos taurus yielded respiratory complexes and fatty acid-bound dimers of the ADP (adenosine diphosphate)/ATP translocase (ANT-1). These results highlight the importance of native membrane environments for retaining small-molecule binding, subunit interactions, and associated chaperones of the membrane proteome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dror S Chorev
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Lindsay A Baker
- Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Di Wu
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Victoria Beilsten-Edmands
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Sarah L Rouse
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College, London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | | | - Chimari Jiko
- Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science, Kyoto University, Kumatori, Japan
| | - Firdaus Samsudin
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Christoph Gerle
- Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan and Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan
| | - Syma Khalid
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, University Road, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Alastair G Stewart
- Molecular, Structural and Computational Biology Division, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stephen J Matthews
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College, London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Kay Grünewald
- Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
- Centre of Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), Notkestr. 85, D-22607, Heinrich-Pette Institute/University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Carol V Robinson
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK.
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19
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Abstract
The mitochondrial ATP synthase is a macromolecular motor that uses the proton gradient to generate ATP. Proper ATP synthase function requires a stator linking the catalytic and rotary portions of the complex. However, sequence-based searches fail to identify genes encoding stator subunits in apicomplexan parasites like Toxoplasma gondii or the related organisms that cause malaria. Here, we identify 11 previously unknown subunits from the Toxoplasma ATP synthase, which lack homologs outside the phylum. Modeling suggests that two of them, ICAP2 and ICAP18, are distantly related to mammalian stator subunits. Our analysis shows that both proteins form part of the ATP synthase complex. Depletion of ICAP2 leads to aberrant mitochondrial morphology, decreased oxygen consumption, and disassembly of the complex, consistent with its role as an essential component of the Toxoplasma ATP synthase. Our findings highlight divergent features of the central metabolic machinery in apicomplexans, which may reveal new therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Huet
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical ResearchCambridgeUnited States
| | - Esther Rajendran
- Research School of BiologyAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralia
| | - Giel G van Dooren
- Research School of BiologyAustralian National UniversityCanberraAustralia
| | - Sebastian Lourido
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical ResearchCambridgeUnited States
- Department of BiologyMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusetts, United States
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20
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Srivastava AP, Luo M, Zhou W, Symersky J, Bai D, Chambers MG, Faraldo-Gómez JD, Liao M, Mueller DM. High-resolution cryo-EM analysis of the yeast ATP synthase in a lipid membrane. Science 2018; 360:eaas9699. [PMID: 29650704 PMCID: PMC5948177 DOI: 10.1126/science.aas9699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase comprises a membrane embedded Fo motor that rotates to drive ATP synthesis in the F1 subunit. We used single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) to obtain structures of the full complex in a lipid bilayer in the absence or presence of the inhibitor oligomycin at 3.6- and 3.8-angstrom resolution, respectively. To limit conformational heterogeneity, we locked the rotor in a single conformation by fusing the F6 subunit of the stator with the δ subunit of the rotor. Assembly of the enzyme with the F6-δ fusion caused a twisting of the rotor and a 9° rotation of the Fo c10-ring in the direction of ATP synthesis, relative to the structure of isolated Fo Our cryo-EM structures show how F1 and Fo are coupled, give insight into the proton translocation pathway, and show how oligomycin blocks ATP synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag P Srivastava
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Min Luo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 250 Longwood Avenue, SGM 509, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Wenchang Zhou
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 50 South Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jindrich Symersky
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Dongyang Bai
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Melissa G Chambers
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 250 Longwood Avenue, SGM 509, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - José D Faraldo-Gómez
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 50 South Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Maofu Liao
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, 250 Longwood Avenue, SGM 509, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - David M Mueller
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Biology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
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21
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Krah A, Zarco-Zavala M, McMillan DGG. Insights into the regulatory function of the ɛ subunit from bacterial F-type ATP synthases: a comparison of structural, biochemical and biophysical data. Open Biol 2018; 8:170275. [PMID: 29769322 PMCID: PMC5990651 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.170275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
ATP synthases catalyse the formation of ATP, the most common chemical energy storage unit found in living cells. These enzymes are driven by an electrochemical ion gradient, which allows the catalytic evolution of ATP by a binding change mechanism. Most ATP synthases are capable of catalysing ATP hydrolysis to varying degrees, and to prevent wasteful ATP hydrolysis, bacteria and mitochondria have regulatory mechanisms such as ADP inhibition. Additionally, ɛ subunit inhibition has also been described in three bacterial systems, Escherichia coli, Bacillus PS3 and Caldalkalibacillus thermarum TA2.A1. Previous studies suggest that the ɛ subunit is capable of undergoing an ATP-dependent conformational change from the ATP hydrolytic inhibitory 'extended' conformation to the ATP-induced non-inhibitory 'hairpin' conformation. A recently published crystal structure of the F1 domain of the C. thermarum TA2.A1 F1Fo ATP synthase revealed a mutant ɛ subunit lacking the ability to bind ATP in a hairpin conformation. This is a surprising observation considering it is an organism that performs no ATP hydrolysis in vivo, and appears to challenge the current dogma on the regulatory role of the ɛ subunit. This has prompted a re-examination of present knowledge of the ɛ subunits role in different organisms. Here, we compare published biochemical, biophysical and structural data involving ɛ subunit-mediated ATP hydrolysis regulation in a variety of organisms, concluding that the ɛ subunit from the bacterial F-type ATP synthases is indeed capable of regulating ATP hydrolysis activity in a wide variety of bacteria, making it a potentially valuable drug target, but its exact role is still under debate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Krah
- School of Computational Sciences, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, 85 Hoegiro Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02455, Republic of Korea
| | - Mariel Zarco-Zavala
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Duncan G G McMillan
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, van der Maasweg 9, Delft 2629 HZ, The Netherlands
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22
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Zhou W, Faraldo-Gómez JD. Membrane plasticity facilitates recognition of the inhibitor oligomycin by the mitochondrial ATP synthase rotor. Biochim Biophys Acta Bioenerg 2018; 1859:789-796. [PMID: 29630891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2018.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes in the respiratory chain are increasingly seen as potential targets against multi-drug resistance of human pathogens and cancerous cells. However, a detailed understanding of the mechanism and specificity determinants of known inhibitors is still lacking. Oligomycin, for example, has been known to be an inhibitor of the membrane motor of the mitochondrial ATP synthase for over five decades, and yet little is known about its mode of action at the molecular level. In a recent breakthrough, a crystal structure of the S. cerevisiae c-subunit ring with bound oligomycin revealed the inhibitor docked on the outer face of the proton-binding sites, deep into the transmembrane region. However, the structure of the complex was obtained in an organic solvent rather than detergent or a lipid bilayer, and therefore it has been unclear whether this mode of recognition is physiologically relevant. Here, we use molecular dynamics simulations to address this question and gain insights into the mechanism of oligomycin inhibition. Our findings lead us to propose that oligomycin naturally partitions into the lipid/water interface, and that in this environment the inhibitor can indeed bind to any of the c-ring proton-carrying sites that are exposed to the membrane, thereby becoming an integral component of the proton-coordinating network. As the c-ring rotates within the membrane, driven either by downhill proton permeation or ATP hydrolysis, one of the protonated, oligomycin-bound sites eventually reaches the subunit-a interface and halts the rotary mechanism of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchang Zhou
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 5N307A, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States
| | - José D Faraldo-Gómez
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Laboratory, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 5N307A, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
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23
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He P, Xiao G, Liu H, Zhang L, Zhao L, Tang M, Huang S, An Y, Yu J. Two pivotal RNA editing sites in the mitochondrial atp1mRNA are required for ATP synthase to produce sufficient ATP for cotton fiber cell elongation. New Phytol 2018; 218:167-182. [PMID: 29417579 DOI: 10.1111/nph.14999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional maturation process affecting organelle transcripts in land plants. However, the molecular functions and physiological roles of RNA editing are still poorly understood. Using high-throughput sequencing, we identified 692 RNA editing sites in the Gossypium hirsutum mitochondrial genome. A total of 422 editing sites were found in the coding regions and all the edits are cytidine (C) to uridine (U) conversions. Comparative analysis showed that two editing sites in Ghatp1, C1292 and C1415, had a prominent difference in editing efficiency between fiber and ovule. Biochemical and genetic analyses revealed that the two vital editing sites were important for the interaction between the α and β subunits of ATP synthase, which resulted in ATP accumulation and promoted cell growth in yeast. Ectopic expression of C1292, C1415, or doubly edited Ghatp1 in Arabidopsis caused a significant increase in the number of trichomes in leaves and root length. Our results indicate that editing at C1292 and C1415 sites in Ghatp1 is crucial for ATP synthase to produce sufficient ATP for cotton fiber cell elongation. This work extends our understanding of RNA editing in atp1 and ATP synthesis, and provides insights into the function of mitochondrial edited Atp1 protein in higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng He
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Guanghui Xiao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Hao Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Li Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Meiju Tang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Sheng Huang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Yingjie An
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
| | - Jianing Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710119, China
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24
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Oláhová M, Yoon WH, Thompson K, Jangam S, Fernandez L, Davidson JM, Kyle JE, Grove ME, Fisk DG, Kohler JN, Holmes M, Dries AM, Huang Y, Zhao C, Contrepois K, Zappala Z, Frésard L, Waggott D, Zink EM, Kim YM, Heyman HM, Stratton KG, Webb-Robertson BJM, Snyder M, Merker JD, Montgomery SB, Fisher PG, Feichtinger RG, Mayr JA, Hall J, Barbosa IA, Simpson MA, Deshpande C, Waters KM, Koeller DM, Metz TO, Morris AA, Schelley S, Cowan T, Friederich MW, McFarland R, Van Hove JLK, Enns GM, Yamamoto S, Ashley EA, Wangler MF, Taylor RW, Bellen HJ, Bernstein JA, Wheeler MT. Biallelic Mutations in ATP5F1D, which Encodes a Subunit of ATP Synthase, Cause a Metabolic Disorder. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 102:494-504. [PMID: 29478781 PMCID: PMC6117612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, δ subunit (ATP5F1D; formerly ATP5D) is a subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase and plays an important role in coupling proton translocation and ATP production. Here, we describe two individuals, each with homozygous missense variants in ATP5F1D, who presented with episodic lethargy, metabolic acidosis, 3-methylglutaconic aciduria, and hyperammonemia. Subject 1, homozygous for c.245C>T (p.Pro82Leu), presented with recurrent metabolic decompensation starting in the neonatal period, and subject 2, homozygous for c.317T>G (p.Val106Gly), presented with acute encephalopathy in childhood. Cultured skin fibroblasts from these individuals exhibited impaired assembly of F1FO ATP synthase and subsequent reduced complex V activity. Cells from subject 1 also exhibited a significant decrease in mitochondrial cristae. Knockdown of Drosophila ATPsynδ, the ATP5F1D homolog, in developing eyes and brains caused a near complete loss of the fly head, a phenotype that was fully rescued by wild-type human ATP5F1D. In contrast, expression of the ATP5F1D c.245C>T and c.317T>G variants rescued the head-size phenotype but recapitulated the eye and antennae defects seen in other genetic models of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation deficiency. Our data establish c.245C>T (p.Pro82Leu) and c.317T>G (p.Val106Gly) in ATP5F1D as pathogenic variants leading to a Mendelian mitochondrial disease featuring episodic metabolic decompensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Oláhová
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Wan Hee Yoon
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kyle Thompson
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Sharayu Jangam
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Liliana Fernandez
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jean M Davidson
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jennifer E Kyle
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Megan E Grove
- Clinical Genomics Program, Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Dianna G Fisk
- Clinical Genomics Program, Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jennefer N Kohler
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew Holmes
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Annika M Dries
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yong Huang
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chunli Zhao
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kévin Contrepois
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Zachary Zappala
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Laure Frésard
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Daryl Waggott
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Erika M Zink
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Young-Mo Kim
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Heino M Heyman
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Kelly G Stratton
- Computing & Analytics Division, National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Bobbie-Jo M Webb-Robertson
- Computing & Analytics Division, National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Michael Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jason D Merker
- Clinical Genomics Program, Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Stephen B Montgomery
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Paul G Fisher
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - René G Feichtinger
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johannes A Mayr
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Julie Hall
- Department of Neuroradiology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Ines A Barbosa
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Michael A Simpson
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Charu Deshpande
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Guys and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Katrina M Waters
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - David M Koeller
- Department of Molecular & Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Thomas O Metz
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Andrew A Morris
- Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; Willink Metabolic Unit, Genomic Medicine, Saint Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Susan Schelley
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tina Cowan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Robert McFarland
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Gregory M Enns
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Euan A Ashley
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Clinical Genomics Program, Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael F Wangler
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Hugo J Bellen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jonathan A Bernstein
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew T Wheeler
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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25
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Li Y, Fei J, Li G, Xie H, Yang Y, Li J, Xu Y, Sun B, Xia J, Fu X, Li J. Supramolecular Assembly of Photosystem II and Adenosine Triphosphate Synthase in Artificially Designed Honeycomb Multilayers for Photophosphorylation. ACS Nano 2018; 12:1455-1461. [PMID: 29361225 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b07841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Plant thylakoids have a typical stacking structure, which is the site of photosynthesis, including light-harvesting, water-splitting, and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production. This stacking structure plays a key role in exchange of substances with extremely high efficiency and minimum energy consumption through photosynthesis. Herein we report an artificially designed honeycomb multilayer for photophosphorylation. To mimic the natural thylakoid stacking structure, the multilayered photosystem II (PSII)-ATP synthase-liposome system is fabricated via layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly, allowing the three-dimensional distributions of PSII and ATP synthase. Under light illumination, PSII splits water into protons and generates a proton gradient for ATP synthase to produce ATP. Moreover, it is found that the ATP production is extremely associated with the numbers of PSII layers. With such a multilayer structure assembled via LbL, one can better understand the mechanism of PSII and ATP synthase integrated in one system, mimicking the photosynthetic grana structure. On the other hand, such an assembled system can be considered to improve the photophosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, China
- College of Life Science, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jinbo Fei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Guangle Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academic of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Haiming Xie
- National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Battery, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University , Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jieling Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Youqian Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academic of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bingbing Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academic of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiarui Xia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academic of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xueqi Fu
- College of Life Science, Jilin University , Changchun 130012, China
| | - Junbai Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid, Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academic of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
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26
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Antoniel M, Jones K, Antonucci S, Spolaore B, Fogolari F, Petronilli V, Giorgio V, Carraro M, Di Lisa F, Forte M, Szabó I, Lippe G, Bernardi P. The unique histidine in OSCP subunit of F-ATP synthase mediates inhibition of the permeability transition pore by acidic pH. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:257-268. [PMID: 29217657 PMCID: PMC5797955 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201744705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The permeability transition pore (PTP) is a Ca2+-dependent mitochondrial channel whose opening causes a permeability increase in the inner membrane to ions and solutes. The most potent inhibitors are matrix protons, with channel block at pH 6.5. Inhibition is reversible, mediated by histidyl residue(s), and prevented by their carbethoxylation by diethylpyrocarbonate (DPC), but their assignment is unsolved. We show that PTP inhibition by H+ is mediated by the highly conserved histidyl residue (H112 in the human mature protein) of oligomycin sensitivity conferral protein (OSCP) subunit of mitochondrial F1FO (F)-ATP synthase, which we also show to undergo carbethoxylation after reaction of mitochondria with DPC. Mitochondrial PTP-dependent swelling cannot be inhibited by acidic pH in H112Q and H112Y OSCP mutants, and the corresponding megachannels (the electrophysiological counterpart of the PTP) are insensitive to inhibition by acidic pH in patch-clamp recordings of mitoplasts. Cells harboring the H112Q and H112Y mutations are sensitized to anoxic cell death at acidic pH. These results demonstrate that PTP channel formation and its inhibition by H+ are mediated by the F-ATP synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Antoniel
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Kristen Jones
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Salvatore Antonucci
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Barbara Spolaore
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Federico Fogolari
- Department of Mathematics, Computer Sciences and Physics, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Valeria Petronilli
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Giorgio
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Michela Carraro
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Fabio Di Lisa
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Michael Forte
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ildikó Szabó
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lippe
- Department of Agricultural, Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Institute of Neuroscience, Padova, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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27
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Otrin L, Marušič N, Bednarz C, Vidaković-Koch T, Lieberwirth I, Landfester K, Sundmacher K. Toward Artificial Mitochondrion: Mimicking Oxidative Phosphorylation in Polymer and Hybrid Membranes. Nano Lett 2017; 17:6816-6821. [PMID: 29067800 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b03093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
For energy supply to biomimetic constructs, a complex chemical energy-driven ATP-generating artificial system was built. The system was assembled with bottom-up detergent-mediated reconstitution of an ATP synthase and a terminal oxidase into two types of novel nanocontainers, built from either graft copolymer membranes or from hybrid graft copolymer/lipid membranes. The versatility and biocompatibility of the proposed nanocontainers was demonstrated through convenient system assembly and through high retained activity of both membrane-embedded enzymes. In the future, the nanocontainers might be used as a platform for the functional reconstitution of other complex membrane proteins and could considerably expedite the design of nanoreactors, biosensors, and artificial organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lado Otrin
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems , Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Nika Marušič
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems , Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Bednarz
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems , Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Vidaković-Koch
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems , Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Lieberwirth
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kai Sundmacher
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems , Sandtorstrasse 1, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
- Otto von Guericke University , Universitaetsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany
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28
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He J, Carroll J, Ding S, Fearnley IM, Walker JE. Permeability transition in human mitochondria persists in the absence of peripheral stalk subunits of ATP synthase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:9086-9091. [PMID: 28784775 PMCID: PMC5576841 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1711201114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The opening of a nonspecific channel, known as the permeability transition pore (PTP), in the inner membranes of mitochondria can be triggered by calcium ions, leading to swelling of the organelle, disruption of the inner membrane and ATP synthesis, and cell death. Pore opening can be inhibited by cyclosporin A mediated via cyclophilin D. It has been proposed that the pore is associated with the dimeric ATP synthase and the oligomycin sensitivity conferral protein (OSCP), a component of the enzyme's peripheral stalk, provides the site at which cyclophilin D interacts. Subunit b contributes a central α-helical structure to the peripheral stalk, extending from near the top of the enzyme's catalytic domain and crossing the membrane domain of the enzyme via two α-helices. We investigated the possible involvement of the subunit b and the OSCP in the PTP by generating clonal cells, HAP1-Δb and HAP1-ΔOSCP, lacking the membrane domain of subunit b or the OSCP, respectively, in which the corresponding genes, ATP5F1 and ATP5O, had been disrupted. Both cell lines preserve the characteristic properties of the PTP; therefore, the membrane domain of subunit b does not contribute to the PTP, and the OSCP does not provide the site of interaction with cyclophilin D. The membrane subunits ATP6, ATP8, and subunit c have been eliminated previously from possible participation in the PTP; thus, the only subunits of ATP synthase that could participate in pore formation are e, f, g, diabetes-associated protein in insulin-sensitive tissues (DAPIT), and the 6.8-kDa proteolipid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiuya He
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Joe Carroll
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Shujing Ding
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M Fearnley
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - John E Walker
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
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29
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Gerle C. On the structural possibility of pore-forming mitochondrial FoF1 ATP synthase. Biochim Biophys Acta 2016; 1857:1191-1196. [PMID: 26968896 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial permeability transition is an inner mitochondrial membrane event involving the opening of the permeability transition pore concomitant with a sudden efflux of matrix solutes and breakdown of membrane potential. The mitochondrial F(o)F(1) ATP synthase has been proposed as the molecular identity of the permeability transition pore. The likeliness of potential pore-forming sites in the mitochondrial F(o)F(1) ATP synthase is discussed and a new model, the death finger model, is described. In this model, movement of a p-side density that connects the lipid-plug of the c-ring with the distal membrane bending Fo domain allows reversible opening of the c-ring and structural cross-talk with OSCP and the catalytic (αβ)(3) hexamer. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'EBEC 2016: 19th European Bioenergetics Conference, Riva del Garda, Italy, July 2-6, 2016', edited by Prof. Paolo Bernardi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Gerle
- Picobiology Institute, Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Kamigori, Japan; Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Kawaguchi, Japan.
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30
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Ikryannikova LN, Ischenko DS, Lominadze GG, Kanygina AV, Karpova IY, Kostryukova ES, Mayansky NA, Skvortsov VS, Ilina EN, Govorun VM. The mystery of the fourth clone: comparative genomic analysis of four non-typeable Streptococcus pneumoniae strains with different susceptibilities to optochin. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2015; 35:119-30. [PMID: 26563895 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-015-2516-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Optochin-resistant pneumococci can be rarely caught in clinical microbiology laboratories because of the routine identification of all such strains as viridans group non-pneumococci. We were lucky to find four non-typeable Streptococcus pneumoniae clones demonstrating the different susceptibilities to optochin: one of them (Spn_13856) was resistant to optochin, while the other three (Spn_1719, Spn_27, and Spn_2298) were susceptible. Whole genome nucleotide sequences of these strains were compared to reveal the differences between the optochin-resistant and optochin-susceptible strains. Two adjacent genes coding maltose O-acetyltransferase and uridine phosphorylase which were presented in the genomes of all optochin-susceptible strains and missed in the optochin-resistant strain were revealed. Non-synonymous substitutions in 14 protein-coding genes were discovered, including the Ala49Ser mutation in the C-subunit of the F0 part of the ATP synthase rotor usually associated with pneumococcal optochin resistance. Modeling of a process of optochin interaction with the F0 part of the ATP synthase rotor indicates that the complex of optochin with "domain C" composed by wild-type C-subunits is more stable than the same complex composed of Ala49Ser mutant C-subunits.
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Affiliation(s)
- L N Ikryannikova
- Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Ministry of Public Health of Russian Federation, 119992, Malaya Pirogovskaya str., 1a, Moscow, Russia.
| | - D S Ischenko
- Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Ministry of Public Health of Russian Federation, 119992, Malaya Pirogovskaya str., 1a, Moscow, Russia
| | - G G Lominadze
- Federal State Budgetary Institute "Scientific Center of Children Health" of RAMS, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Kanygina
- Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Ministry of Public Health of Russian Federation, 119992, Malaya Pirogovskaya str., 1a, Moscow, Russia
| | - I Y Karpova
- Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Ministry of Public Health of Russian Federation, 119992, Malaya Pirogovskaya str., 1a, Moscow, Russia
| | - E S Kostryukova
- Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Ministry of Public Health of Russian Federation, 119992, Malaya Pirogovskaya str., 1a, Moscow, Russia
| | - N A Mayansky
- Federal State Budgetary Institute "Scientific Center of Children Health" of RAMS, Moscow, Russia
| | - V S Skvortsov
- Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 10 Pogodinskaya str., Moscow, 119121, Russia
| | - E N Ilina
- Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Ministry of Public Health of Russian Federation, 119992, Malaya Pirogovskaya str., 1a, Moscow, Russia
| | - V M Govorun
- Research Institute of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Ministry of Public Health of Russian Federation, 119992, Malaya Pirogovskaya str., 1a, Moscow, Russia
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31
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Abstract
While the field of ATP synthase research has a long history filled with landmark discoveries, recent structural works provide us with important insights into the mechanisms that links the proton movement with the rotation of the Fo motor. Here, we propose a mechanism of unidirectional rotation of the Fo complex, which is in agreement with these new structural insights as well as our more general ΔΨ-driving hypothesis of membrane proteins: A proton path in the rotor-stator interface is formed dynamically in concert with the rotation of the Fo rotor. The trajectory of the proton viewed in the reference system of the rotor (R-path) must lag behind that of the stator (S-path). The proton moves from a higher energy site to a lower site following both trajectories simultaneously. The two trajectories meet each other at the transient proton-binding site, resulting in a relative rotation between the rotor and stator. The kinetic energy of protons gained from ΔΨ is transferred to the c-ring as the protons are captured sequentially by the binding sites along the proton path, thus driving the unidirectional rotation of the c-ring. Our ΔΨ-driving hypothesis on Fo motor is an attempt to unveil the robust mechanism of energy conversion in the highly conserved, ubiquitously expressed rotary ATP synthases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun C. Zhang
- National Laboratory of Macromolecules, National Center of Protein Science-Beijing, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Min Liu
- National Laboratory of Macromolecules, National Center of Protein Science-Beijing, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Yan Zhao
- National Laboratory of Macromolecules, National Center of Protein Science-Beijing, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
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32
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García-Bermúdez J, Sánchez-Aragó M, Soldevilla B, Del Arco A, Nuevo-Tapioles C, Cuezva JM. PKA Phosphorylates the ATPase Inhibitory Factor 1 and Inactivates Its Capacity to Bind and Inhibit the Mitochondrial H(+)-ATP Synthase. Cell Rep 2015; 12:2143-55. [PMID: 26387949 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.08.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial H(+)-ATP synthase synthesizes most of cellular ATP requirements by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The ATPase Inhibitory Factor 1 (IF1) is known to inhibit the hydrolase activity of the H(+)-ATP synthase in situations that compromise OXPHOS. Herein, we demonstrate that phosphorylation of S39 in IF1 by mitochondrial protein kinase A abolishes its capacity to bind the H(+)-ATP synthase. Only dephosphorylated IF1 binds and inhibits both the hydrolase and synthase activities of the enzyme. The phosphorylation status of IF1 regulates the flux of aerobic glycolysis and ATP production through OXPHOS in hypoxia and during the cell cycle. Dephosphorylated IF1 is present in human carcinomas. Remarkably, mouse heart contains a large fraction of dephosphorylated IF1 that becomes phosphorylated and inactivated upon in vivo β-adrenergic stimulation. Overall, we demonstrate the essential function of the phosphorylation of IF1 in regulating energy metabolism and speculate that dephosho-IF1 might play a role in signaling mitohormesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier García-Bermúdez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras CIBERER-ISCIII, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Sánchez-Aragó
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras CIBERER-ISCIII, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Soldevilla
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras CIBERER-ISCIII, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Araceli Del Arco
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras CIBERER-ISCIII, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Área de Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Cristina Nuevo-Tapioles
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras CIBERER-ISCIII, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Cuezva
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (CSIC-UAM), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras CIBERER-ISCIII, Instituto de Investigación Hospital 12 de Octubre, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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33
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Carvalho DS, Andrade RFS, Pinho STR, Góes-Neto A, Lobão TCP, Bomfim GC, El-Hani CN. What are the Evolutionary Origins of Mitochondria? A Complex Network Approach. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134988. [PMID: 26332127 PMCID: PMC4557972 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria originated endosymbiotically from an Alphaproteobacteria-like ancestor. However, it is still uncertain which extant group of Alphaproteobacteria is phylogenetically closer to the mitochondrial ancestor. The proposed groups comprise the order Rickettsiales, the family Rhodospirillaceae, and the genus Rickettsia. In this study, we apply a new complex network approach to investigate the evolutionary origins of mitochondria, analyzing protein sequences modules in a critical network obtained through a critical similarity threshold between the studied sequences. The dataset included three ATP synthase subunits (4, 6, and 9) and its alphaproteobacterial homologs (b, a, and c). In all the subunits, the results gave no support to the hypothesis that Rickettsiales are closely related to the mitochondrial ancestor. Our findings support the hypothesis that mitochondria share a common ancestor with a clade containing all Alphaproteobacteria orders, except Rickettsiales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S. Carvalho
- General Biology Department, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Roberto F. S. Andrade
- General Physics Department, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Suani T. R. Pinho
- General Physics Department, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Aristóteles Góes-Neto
- Biological Sciences Department, State University of Feira de Santana, Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Thierry C. P. Lobão
- Mathematics Department, Institute of Mathematics, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Gilberto C. Bomfim
- General Biology Department, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Charbel N. El-Hani
- General Biology Department, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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34
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Bonora M, Wieckowski MR, Chinopoulos C, Kepp O, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L, Pinton P. Molecular mechanisms of cell death: central implication of ATP synthase in mitochondrial permeability transition. Oncogene 2015; 34:1475-86. [PMID: 24727893 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The term mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT) is commonly used to indicate an abrupt increase in the permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane to low molecular weight solutes. Widespread MPT has catastrophic consequences for the cell, de facto marking the boundary between cellular life and death. MPT results indeed in the structural and functional collapse of mitochondria, an event that commits cells to suicide via regulated necrosis or apoptosis. MPT has a central role in the etiology of both acute and chronic diseases characterized by the loss of post-mitotic cells. Moreover, cancer cells are often relatively insensitive to the induction of MPT, underlying their increased resistance to potentially lethal cues. Thus, intense efforts have been dedicated not only at the understanding of MPT in mechanistic terms, but also at the development of pharmacological MPT modulators. In this setting, multiple mitochondrial and extramitochondrial proteins have been suspected to critically regulate the MPT. So far, however, only peptidylprolyl isomerase F (best known as cyclophilin D) appears to constitute a key component of the so-called permeability transition pore complex (PTPC), the supramolecular entity that is believed to mediate MPT. Here, after reviewing the structural and functional features of the PTPC, we summarize recent findings suggesting that another of its core components is represented by the c subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bonora
- Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre for the Study of Inflammation (ICSI), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - M R Wieckowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - C Chinopoulos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - O Kepp
- 1] Equipe 11 labelisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes/Paris 5, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France [3] Metabolomics and Cell Biology platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - G Kroemer
- 1] Equipe 11 labelisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes/Paris 5, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France [3] Metabolomics and Cell Biology platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France [4] Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - L Galluzzi
- 1] Equipe 11 labelisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le cancer, INSERM U1138, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Paris, France [2] Université Paris Descartes/Paris 5, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France [3] Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Center, Villejuif, France
| | - P Pinton
- Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Interdisciplinary Centre for the Study of Inflammation (ICSI), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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35
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Balakrishna AM, Seelert H, Marx SH, Dencher NA, Grüber G. Crystallographic structure of the turbine C-ring from spinach chloroplast F-ATP synthase. Biosci Rep 2014; 34:e00102. [PMID: 27919036 PMCID: PMC3971453 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20130114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, F-ATP synthases provide energy through the synthesis of ATP. The chloroplast F-ATP synthase (CF1FO-ATP synthase) of plants is integrated into the thylakoid membrane via its FO-domain subunits a, b, b' and c Subunit c with a stoichiometry of 14 and subunit a form the gate for H+-pumping, enabling the coupling of electrochemical energy with ATP synthesis in the F1 sector.Here we report the crystallization and structure determination of the c14-ring of subunit c of the CF1FO-ATP synthase from spinach chloroplasts. The crystals belonged to space group C2, with unit-cell parameters a=144.420, b=99.295, c=123.51 Å, and β=104.34° and diffracted to 4.5 Å resolution. Each c-ring contains 14 monomers in the asymmetric unit. The length of the c-ring is 60.32 Å, with an outer ring diameter 52.30 Å and an inner ring width of 40 Å.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asha Manikkoth Balakrishna
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Biological Sciences, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
| | - Holger Seelert
- Physikalische Biochemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str.4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sven-Hendric Marx
- Physikalische Biochemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str.4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Norbert A Dencher
- Physikalische Biochemie, Fachbereich Chemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str.4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Gerhard Grüber
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Biological Sciences, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore
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36
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Grüber G, Manimekalai MSS, Mayer F, Müller V. ATP synthases from archaea: the beauty of a molecular motor. Biochim Biophys Acta 2014; 1837:940-52. [PMID: 24650628 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2014.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 03/07/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Archaea live under different environmental conditions, such as high salinity, extreme pHs and cold or hot temperatures. How energy is conserved under such harsh environmental conditions is a major question in cellular bioenergetics of archaea. The key enzymes in energy conservation are the archaeal A1AO ATP synthases, a class of ATP synthases distinct from the F1FO ATP synthase ATP synthase found in bacteria, mitochondria and chloroplasts and the V1VO ATPases of eukaryotes. A1AO ATP synthases have distinct structural features such as a collar-like structure, an extended central stalk, and two peripheral stalks possibly stabilizing the A1AO ATP synthase during rotation in ATP synthesis/hydrolysis at high temperatures as well as to provide the storage of transient elastic energy during ion-pumping and ATP synthesis/-hydrolysis. High resolution structures of individual subunits and subcomplexes have been obtained in recent years that shed new light on the function and mechanism of this unique class of ATP synthases. An outstanding feature of archaeal A1AO ATP synthases is their diversity in size of rotor subunits and the coupling ion used for ATP synthesis with H(+), Na(+) or even H(+) and Na(+) using enzymes. The evolution of the H(+) binding site to a Na(+) binding site and its implications for the energy metabolism and physiology of the cell are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Grüber
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551, Republic of Singapore.
| | | | - Florian Mayer
- Molecular Microbiology & Bioenergetics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Volker Müller
- Molecular Microbiology & Bioenergetics, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt/Main, Max-von-Laue-Str. 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
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37
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Habersetzer J, Larrieu I, Priault M, Salin B, Rossignol R, Brèthes D, Paumard P. Human F1F0 ATP synthase, mitochondrial ultrastructure and OXPHOS impairment: a (super-)complex matter? PLoS One 2013; 8:e75429. [PMID: 24098383 PMCID: PMC3788808 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0075429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial morphogenesis is a key process of cell physiology. It is essential for the proper function of this double membrane-delimited organelle, as it ensures the packing of the inner membrane in a very ordered pattern called cristae. In yeast, the mitochondrial ATP synthase is able to form dimers that can assemble into oligomers. Two subunits (e and g) are involved in this supramolecular organization. Deletion of the genes encoding these subunits has no effect on the ATP synthase monomer assembly or activity and only affects its dimerization and oligomerization. Concomitantly, the absence of subunits e and g and thus, of ATP synthase supercomplexes, promotes the modification of mitochondrial ultrastructure suggesting that ATP synthase oligomerization is involved in cristae morphogenesis. We report here that in mammalian cells in culture, the shRNA-mediated down-regulation of subunits e and g affects the stability of ATP synthase and results in a 50% decrease of the available functional enzyme. Comparable to what was shown in yeast, when subunits e and g expression are repressed, ATP synthase dimers and oligomers are less abundant when assayed by native electrophoresis. Unexpectedly, mammalian ATP synthase dimerization/oligomerization impairment has functional consequences on the respiratory chain leading to a decrease in OXPHOS activity. Finally these structural and functional alterations of the ATP synthase have a strong impact on the organelle itself leading to the fission of the mitochondrial network and the disorganization of mitochondrial ultrastructure. Unlike what was shown in yeast, the impairment of the ATP synthase oligomerization process drastically affects mitochondrial ATP production. Thus we propose that mutations or deletions of genes encoding subunits e and g may have physiopathological implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johann Habersetzer
- Laboratoire des Systèmes Transducteurs d'Energie et Morphologie Mitochondriale, Université Bordeaux Segalen, IBGC, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France ; CNRS, IBGC, UMR 5095, Bordeaux, France
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38
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Daum B, Walter A, Horst A, Osiewacz HD, Kühlbrandt W. Age-dependent dissociation of ATP synthase dimers and loss of inner-membrane cristae in mitochondria. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:15301-6. [PMID: 24006361 PMCID: PMC3780843 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1305462110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is one of the most fundamental, yet least understood biological processes that affect all forms of eukaryotic life. Mitochondria are intimately involved in aging, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Electron cryotomography of whole mitochondria from the aging model organism Podospora anserina revealed profound age-dependent changes in membrane architecture. With increasing age, the typical cristae disappear and the inner membrane vesiculates. The ATP synthase dimers that form rows at the cristae tips dissociate into monomers in inner-membrane vesicles, and the membrane curvature at the ATP synthase inverts. Dissociation of the ATP synthase dimer may involve the peptidyl prolyl isomerase cyclophilin D. Finally, the outer membrane ruptures near large contact-site complexes, releasing apoptogens into the cytoplasm. Inner-membrane vesiculation and dissociation of ATP synthase dimers would impair the ability of mitochondria to supply the cell with sufficient ATP to maintain essential cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertram Daum
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas Walter
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Angelika Horst
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Heinz D. Osiewacz
- Molecular Developmental Biology, Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; and
- Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt “Macromolecular Complexes,” Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Werner Kühlbrandt
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence Frankfurt “Macromolecular Complexes,” Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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39
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Miranda-Astudillo H, Cano-Estrada A, Vázquez-Acevedo M, Colina-Tenorio L, Downie-Velasco A, Cardol P, Remacle C, Domínguez-Ramírez L, González-Halphen D. Interactions of subunits Asa2, Asa4 and Asa7 in the peripheral stalk of the mitochondrial ATP synthase of the chlorophycean alga Polytomella sp. Biochim Biophys Acta 2013; 1837:1-13. [PMID: 23933283 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2013.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial F1FO-ATP synthase of chlorophycean algae is a complex partially embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane that is isolated as a highly stable dimer of 1600kDa. It comprises 17 polypeptides, nine of which (subunits Asa1 to 9) are not present in classical mitochondrial ATP synthases and appear to be exclusive of the chlorophycean lineage. In particular, subunits Asa2, Asa4 and Asa7 seem to constitute a section of the peripheral stalk of the enzyme. Here, we over-expressed and purified subunits Asa2, Asa4 and Asa7 and the corresponding amino-terminal and carboxy-terminal halves of Asa4 and Asa7 in order to explore their interactions in vitro, using immunochemical techniques, blue native electrophoresis and affinity chromatography. Asa4 and Asa7 interact strongly, mainly through their carboxy-terminal halves. Asa2 interacts with both Asa7 and Asa4, and also with subunit α in the F1 sector. The three Asa proteins form an Asa2/Asa4/Asa7 subcomplex. The entire Asa7 and the carboxy-terminal half of Asa4 seem to be instrumental in the interaction with Asa2. Based on these results and on computer-generated structural models of the three subunits, we propose a model for the Asa2/Asa4/Asa7 subcomplex and for its disposition in the peripheral stalk of the algal ATP synthase.
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40
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Li XY, Yang YL. [Mitochondrial disorders associated with mitochondrial respiratory chain complex V deficiency]. Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2013; 15:596-600. [PMID: 23866288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian mitochondrial ATP synthase, also as known as mitochondrial respiratory chain complex V, is a large protein complex located in the mitochondrial inner membrane, where it catalyzes ATP synthesis from ADP, Pi, and Mg2+ at the expense of an electrochemical gradient of protons generated by the electron transport chain. Complex V is composed of 2 functional domains F0 and F1. The clinical features of patients are significantly heterogeneous depending on the involved organs. Most patients with complex V deficiency had clinical onset in the neonatal period with severe brain damage or multi-organ failure resulting in a high mortality. Neuromuscular disorders, cardiomyopathy, lactic acidosis and 3-methylglutaconic aciduria are common findings. Complex V consists of 16 subunits encoded by both mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA. On MT-ATP6, MT-ATP8, ATPAF2, TMEM70 and ATP5E gene of mitochondrial DNA, many mutations associated with Complex V deficiency have been identified. Here, the pathology, clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and molecular genetics of Complex V deficiency were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Yuan Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
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41
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Schulz S, Iglesias-Cans M, Krah A, Yildiz Ö, Leone V, Matthies D, Cook GM, Faraldo-Gómez JD, Meier T. A new type of Na(+)-driven ATP synthase membrane rotor with a two-carboxylate ion-coupling motif. PLoS Biol 2013; 11:e1001596. [PMID: 23824040 PMCID: PMC3692424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The anaerobic bacterium Fusobacterium nucleatum uses glutamate decarboxylation to generate a transmembrane gradient of Na⁺. Here, we demonstrate that this ion-motive force is directly coupled to ATP synthesis, via an F₁F₀-ATP synthase with a novel Na⁺ recognition motif, shared by other human pathogens. Molecular modeling and free-energy simulations of the rotary element of the enzyme, the c-ring, indicate Na⁺ specificity in physiological settings. Consistently, activity measurements showed Na⁺ stimulation of the enzyme, either membrane-embedded or isolated, and ATP synthesis was sensitive to the Na⁺ ionophore monensin. Furthermore, Na⁺ has a protective effect against inhibitors targeting the ion-binding sites, both in the complete ATP synthase and the isolated c-ring. Definitive evidence of Na⁺ coupling is provided by two identical crystal structures of the c₁₁ ring, solved by X-ray crystallography at 2.2 and 2.6 Å resolution, at pH 5.3 and 8.7, respectively. Na⁺ ions occupy all binding sites, each coordinated by four amino acids and a water molecule. Intriguingly, two carboxylates instead of one mediate ion binding. Simulations and experiments demonstrate that this motif implies that a proton is concurrently bound to all sites, although Na⁺ alone drives the rotary mechanism. The structure thus reveals a new mode of ion coupling in ATP synthases and provides a basis for drug-design efforts against this opportunistic pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Schulz
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Marina Iglesias-Cans
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Alexander Krah
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Group, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Özkan Yildiz
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Vanessa Leone
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Group, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Doreen Matthies
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gregory M. Cook
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - José D. Faraldo-Gómez
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Group, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Macromolecular Complexes,” Goethe University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- * E-mail: (JDF-G); (TM)
| | - Thomas Meier
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Macromolecular Complexes,” Goethe University of Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- * E-mail: (JDF-G); (TM)
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Bonora M, Bononi A, De Marchi E, Giorgi C, Lebiedzinska M, Marchi S, Patergnani S, Rimessi A, Suski JM, Wojtala A, Wieckowski MR, Kroemer G, Galluzzi L, Pinton P. Role of the c subunit of the FO ATP synthase in mitochondrial permeability transition. Cell Cycle 2013; 12:674-83. [PMID: 23343770 PMCID: PMC3594268 DOI: 10.4161/cc.23599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The term "mitochondrial permeability transition" (MPT) refers to an abrupt increase in the permeability of the inner mitochondrial membrane to low molecular weight solutes. Due to osmotic forces, MPT is paralleled by a massive influx of water into the mitochondrial matrix, eventually leading to the structural collapse of the organelle. Thus, MPT can initiate mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), promoting the activation of the apoptotic caspase cascade as well as of caspase-independent cell death mechanisms. MPT appears to be mediated by the opening of the so-called "permeability transition pore complex" (PTPC), a poorly characterized and versatile supramolecular entity assembled at the junctions between the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes. In spite of considerable experimental efforts, the precise molecular composition of the PTPC remains obscure and only one of its constituents, cyclophilin D (CYPD), has been ascribed with a crucial role in the regulation of cell death. Conversely, the results of genetic experiments indicate that other major components of the PTPC, such as voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) and adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT), are dispensable for MPT-driven MOMP. Here, we demonstrate that the c subunit of the FO ATP synthase is required for MPT, mitochondrial fragmentation and cell death as induced by cytosolic calcium overload and oxidative stress in both glycolytic and respiratory cell models. Our results strongly suggest that, similar to CYPD, the c subunit of the FO ATP synthase constitutes a critical component of the PTPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Bonora
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine; Section of General Pathology; Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Inflammation (ICSI); Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA); University of Ferrara; Ferrara, Italy
| | - Angela Bononi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine; Section of General Pathology; Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Inflammation (ICSI); Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA); University of Ferrara; Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elena De Marchi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine; Section of General Pathology; Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Inflammation (ICSI); Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA); University of Ferrara; Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine; Section of General Pathology; Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Inflammation (ICSI); Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA); University of Ferrara; Ferrara, Italy
| | - Magdalena Lebiedzinska
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine; Section of General Pathology; Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Inflammation (ICSI); Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA); University of Ferrara; Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Biochemistry; Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology; Warsaw, Poland
| | - Saverio Marchi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine; Section of General Pathology; Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Inflammation (ICSI); Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA); University of Ferrara; Ferrara, Italy
| | - Simone Patergnani
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine; Section of General Pathology; Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Inflammation (ICSI); Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA); University of Ferrara; Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rimessi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine; Section of General Pathology; Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Inflammation (ICSI); Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA); University of Ferrara; Ferrara, Italy
| | - Jan M. Suski
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine; Section of General Pathology; Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Inflammation (ICSI); Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA); University of Ferrara; Ferrara, Italy
- Department of Biochemistry; Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology; Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Wojtala
- Department of Biochemistry; Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology; Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz R. Wieckowski
- Department of Biochemistry; Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology; Warsaw, Poland
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France
- U848; INSERM; Villejuif, France
- Metabolomics Platform; Institut Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France
- Equipe 11 Labelisée par la Ligue Contre le cancer; Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers; Paris, France
- Pôle de Biologie; Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou; AP-HP; Paris, France
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Université Paris Descartes/Paris V; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Paris, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy; Villejuif, France
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine; Section of General Pathology; Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Inflammation (ICSI); Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA); University of Ferrara; Ferrara, Italy
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43
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Gulde PE, Christen L, Brown SV, Williams N. Three distinct isoforms of ATP synthase subunit c are expressed in T. brucei and assembled into the mitochondrial ATP synthase complex. PLoS One 2013; 8:e54039. [PMID: 23326569 PMCID: PMC3542316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0054039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 12/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
One striking feature of the biology of trypanosomes is the changes in mitochondrial structure and function that occur as these parasites transition from one life cycle stage to another. Our laboratory has been interested in the role the mitochondrial ATP synthase plays in mitochondrial changes through the life cycle. Analysis of the recently completed T. brucei genome suggested that there may be multiple putative genes encoding ATP synthase subunit c. While homologous in their 3' ends, these genes differ in their 5' ends and, if expressed, would result in three distinct proteins. Our analysis showed that all three of the possible transcripts were detected in both procyclic and bloodstream stages, although the c-3 transcript was less abundant than that for c-1 or c-2. The three isoforms of subunit c are produced in both the bloodstream and procyclic stages and their mature protein products possess distinct N-terminal regions of the protein as found within mitochondria. All three isoforms are also incorporated into the assembled ATP synthase complex from procyclic cells. Although multiple subunit c genes have been found in other organisms, they produce identical polypeptides and the finding of significant differences in the mature proteins is unique to T. brucei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul E. Gulde
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Witebsky Center for Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Linda Christen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Witebsky Center for Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Silvia V. Brown
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Witebsky Center for Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
| | - Noreen Williams
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Witebsky Center for Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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44
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Biuković G, Basak S, Manimekalai MSS, Rishikesan S, Roessle M, Dick T, Rao SPS, Hunke C, Grüber G. Variations of subunit {varepsilon} of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis F1Fo ATP synthase and a novel model for mechanism of action of the tuberculosis drug TMC207. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2013; 57:168-76. [PMID: 23089752 PMCID: PMC3535943 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01039-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2012] [Accepted: 10/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The subunit ε of bacterial F(1)F(O) ATP synthases plays an important regulatory role in coupling and catalysis via conformational transitions of its C-terminal domain. Here we present the first low-resolution solution structure of ε of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtε) F(1)F(O) ATP synthase and the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) structure of its C-terminal segment (Mtε(103-120)). Mtε is significantly shorter (61.6 Å) than forms of the subunit in other bacteria, reflecting a shorter C-terminal sequence, proposed to be important in coupling processes via the catalytic β subunit. The C-terminal segment displays an α-helical structure and a highly positive surface charge due to the presence of arginine residues. Using NMR spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and mutagenesis, we demonstrate that the new tuberculosis (TB) drug candidate TMC207, proposed to bind to the proton translocating c-ring, also binds to Mtε. A model for the interaction of TMC207 with both ε and the c-ring is presented, suggesting that TMC207 forms a wedge between the two rotating subunits by interacting with the residues W15 and F50 of ε and the c-ring, respectively. T19 and R37 of ε provide the necessary polar interactions with the drug molecule. This new model of the mechanism of TMC207 provides the basis for the design of new drugs targeting the F(1)F(O) ATP synthase in M. tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Goran Biuković
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Sandip Basak
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | | | | | - Manfred Roessle
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Outstation, EMBL c/o DESY, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Dick
- National University of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Srinivasa P. S. Rao
- Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases Pte. Ltd., Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Cornelia Hunke
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Gerhard Grüber
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
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45
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Symersky J, Pagadala V, Osowski D, Krah A, Meier T, Faraldo-Gómez JD, Mueller DM. Structure of the c(10) ring of the yeast mitochondrial ATP synthase in the open conformation. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2012; 19:485-91, S1. [PMID: 22504883 PMCID: PMC3343227 DOI: 10.1038/nsmb.2284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 03/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The proton pore of the F(1)F(o) ATP synthase consists of a ring of c subunits, which rotates, driven by downhill proton diffusion across the membrane. An essential carboxylate side chain in each subunit provides a proton-binding site. In all the structures of c-rings reported to date, these sites are in a closed, ion-locked state. Structures are here presented of the c(10) ring from Saccharomyces cerevisiae determined at pH 8.3, 6.1 and 5.5, at resolutions of 2.0 Å, 2.5 Å and 2.0 Å, respectively. The overall structure of this mitochondrial c-ring is similar to known homologs, except that the essential carboxylate, Glu59, adopts an open extended conformation. Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that opening of the essential carboxylate is a consequence of the amphiphilic nature of the crystallization buffer. We propose that this new structure represents the functionally open form of the c subunit, which facilitates proton loading and release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindrich Symersky
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, The Chicago Medical School, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064
| | - Vijayakanth Pagadala
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, The Chicago Medical School, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064
| | - Daniel Osowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, The Chicago Medical School, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064
| | - Alexander Krah
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Group, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue Str. 3, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Meier
- Department of Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue Str. 3, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence ‘Macromolecular Complexes’, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - José D. Faraldo-Gómez
- Theoretical Molecular Biophysics Group, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, Max-von-Laue Str. 3, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence ‘Macromolecular Complexes’, Goethe University of Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Str. 15, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - David M. Mueller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, The Chicago Medical School, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, IL 60064
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46
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Gong L, Ramm G, Devenish RJ, Prescott M. HcRed, a genetically encoded fluorescent binary cross-linking agent for cross-linking of mitochondrial ATP synthase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. PLoS One 2012; 7:e35095. [PMID: 22496895 PMCID: PMC3319629 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0035095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetically encoded fluorescent cross-linking agents represent powerful tools useful both for visualising and modulating protein interactions in living cells. The far-red fluorescent protein HcRed, which is fluorescent only in a dimer form, can be used to promote the homo-dimerisation of target proteins, and thereby yield useful information about biological processes. We have in yeast cells expressed HcRed fused to a subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase (mtATPase). This resulted in cross-linking of the large multi-subunit mtATPase complex within the inner-membrane of the mitochondrion. Fluorescence microscopy revealed aberrant mitochondrial morphology, and mtATPase complexes isolated from mitochondria were recovered as fluorescent dimers under conditions where complexes from control mitochondria were recovered as monomers. When viewed by electron microscopy normal cristae were absent from mitochondria in cells in which mATPase complexes were cross-linked. mtATPase dimers are believed to be the building blocks that are assembled into supramolecular mtATPase ribbons that promote the formation of mitochondrial cristae. We propose that HcRed cross-links mATPase complexes in the mitochondrial membrane hindering the normal assembly/disassembly of the supramolecular forms of mtATPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Gong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Structural and Functional Microbial Genomics, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Victoria, Australia
| | - Georg Ramm
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rodney J. Devenish
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Victoria, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Structural and Functional Microbial Genomics, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mark Prescott
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Victoria, Australia
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47
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Wysocka-Kapcińska M, Kucharczyk R. [Structure, biogenesis and mechanism of function of the mitochondrial ATP synthase complex]. Postepy Biochem 2012; 58:344-352. [PMID: 23373419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are organelles present in all eukaryotic organisms. Their primary function is production of energy in the form of ATP by oxidative phosphorylation. The final step of this process is catalyzed by an enzyme of internal mitochondrial membrane - ATP synthase. The ATP synthase consists of the seventeen subunits in yeast (in vertebrate sixteen is identified to date) organized in hydrophobic, membrane localized unit, referred to as F0 and hydrophilic domain F1 directed into mitochondria matrix. Genes encoding the ATP synthase subunits are mainly nuclear, but few of them, encoding hydrophobic subunits, are retained in mitochondrial genome in most Eukaryotes. Biogenesis of the ATP synthase is a sophisticated process, depending on the activity of proteins, which are not ATP synthase subunits, coordinating expression of the nuclear and mitochondrial genes and their assembly in active complex. This review summarizes the present knowledge about structure, biogenesis and mechanism of ATP synthase complex function.
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48
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Creaney J, Dick IM, Yeoman D, Wong S, Robinson BWS. Auto-antibodies to β-F1-ATPase and vimentin in malignant mesothelioma. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26515. [PMID: 22022619 PMCID: PMC3195718 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with Malignant Mesothelioma (MM) develop unidentified auto-antibodies to MM tumour antigens. This study was conducted to identify the targets of MM patient auto-antibodies in order to try to understand more of the anti-tumour response and to determine if these antibodies might be helpful for diagnosis or prognostication. Using MM patient sera in a Western immunoblott screening strategy, no common immunoreactive proteins were identified. The sera from one long-term survivor recognised a protein band of 50-60 kDa present in cell lysates from four of five MM cell lines tested. The immunoreactive proteins in this band were identified by 2D electrophoretic separation of a MM cell line protein lysate, followed by analysis of excised immunoreactive proteins on a MALDI TOF mass spectrometer and peptide mass fingerprinting. The immunoreactive proteins identified were vimentin (accession gi55977767) and the ATP synthase (F1-ATPase) beta chain (accession gi114549 and gi47606749). ELISA assays were developed for antibodies to these proteins. Neither vimentin (median and 95% CI 0.346; 0.32-0.468 for MM patients, 0.327; 0.308-0.428 for controls) nor ß-F1-ATPase (0.257; 0.221-0.453 for MM patients, 0.263; 0.22-0.35 for controls) showed significant differences in autoantibody levels between a group of MM patients and controls. Using a dichotomized antibody level (high, low) for these targets we demonstrated that vimentin antibody levels were not associated with survival. In contrast, high ß-F1-ATPase antibody levels were significantly associated with increased median survival (18 months) compared to low ß F1 ATPase antibody levels (9 months; p = 0.049). Immunohistochemical analysis on a MM tissue microarray showed cytoplasmic staining in 28 of 33 samples for vimentin and strong cytoplasmic staining in14 and weak in 16 samples for ß-F1-ATPase. Therefore antibodies to neither vimentin nor ß-F1-ATPase are useful for differential diagnosis of MM, however high antibody levels to ß-F1-ATPase may be associated with increased survival and this warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenette Creaney
- National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, University of Western Australia, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia.
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Everman S, Yi Z, Langlais P, Mandarino LJ, Luo M, Roberts C, Katsanos CS. Reproducibility of an HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method for the measurement of stable-isotope enrichment of in vivo-labeled muscle ATP synthase beta subunit. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26171. [PMID: 22022551 PMCID: PMC3192170 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We sought to evaluate the reproducibility of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based approach to measure the stable-isotope enrichment of in vivo-labeled muscle ATP synthase β subunit (β-F1-ATPase), a protein most directly involved in ATP production, and whose abundance is reduced under a variety of circumstances. Muscle was obtained from a rat infused with stable-isotope-labeled leucine. The muscle was homogenized, β-F1-ATPase immunoprecipitated, and the protein was resolved using 1D-SDS PAGE. Following trypsin digestion of the isolated protein, the resultant peptide mixtures were subjected to analysis by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS, which resulted in the detection of multiple β-F1-ATPase peptides. There were three β-F1-ATPase unique peptides with a leucine residue in the amino acid sequence, and which were detected with high intensity relative to other peptides and assigned with >95% probability to β-F1-ATPase. These peptides were specifically targeted for fragmentation to access their stable-isotope enrichment based on MS/MS peak areas calculated from extracted ion chromatographs for selected labeled and unlabeled fragment ions. Results showed best linearity (R(2) = 0.99) in the detection of MS/MS peak areas for both labeled and unlabeled fragment ions, over a wide range of amounts of injected protein, specifically for the β-F1-ATPase(134-143) peptide. Measured stable-isotope enrichment was highly reproducible for the β-F1-ATPase(134-143) peptide (CV = 2.9%). Further, using mixtures of synthetic labeled and unlabeled peptides we determined that there is an excellent linear relationship (R(2) = 0.99) between measured and predicted enrichment for percent enrichments ranging between 0.009% and 8.185% for the β-F1-ATPase(134-143) peptide. The described approach provides a reliable approach to measure the stable-isotope enrichment of in-vivo-labeled muscle β-F1-ATPase based on the determination of the enrichment of the β-F1-ATPase(134-143) peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Everman
- Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
- Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Zhengping Yi
- Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
- Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy/Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Paul Langlais
- Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
- Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Lawrence J. Mandarino
- Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
- Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Moulun Luo
- Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
- Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Christine Roberts
- Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
- Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Christos S. Katsanos
- Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
- Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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50
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Mesbah NM, Wiegel J. The Na(+)-translocating F₁F₀-ATPase from the halophilic, alkalithermophile Natranaerobius thermophilus. Biochim Biophys Acta 2011; 1807:1133-42. [PMID: 21600188 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2011.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Revised: 04/30/2011] [Accepted: 05/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Natranaerobius thermophilus is an unusual anaerobic extremophile, it is halophilic and alkalithermophilic; growing optimally at 3.3-3.9M Na(+), pH(50°C) 9.5 and 53°C. The ATPase of N. thermophilus was characterized at the biochemical level to ascertain its role in life under hypersaline, alkaline, thermal conditions. The partially purified enzyme (10-fold purification) displayed the typical subunit pattern for F-type ATPases, with a 5-subunit F(1) portion and 3-subunit-F(O) portion. ATP hydrolysis by the purified ATPase was stimulated almost 4-fold by low concentrations of Na(+) (5mM); hydrolysis activity was inhibited by higher Na(+) concentrations. Partially purified ATPase was alkaliphilic and thermophilic, showing maximal hydrolysis at 47°C and the alkaline pH(50°C) of 9.3. ATP hydrolysis was sensitive to the F-type ATPase inhibitor N,N'-dicylohexylcarbodiimide and exhibited inhibition by both free Mg(2+) and free ATP. ATP synthesis by inverted membrane vesicles proceeded slowly and was driven by a Na(+)-ion gradient that was sensitive to the Na(+)-ionophore monensin. Analysis of the atp operon showed the presence of the Na(+)-binding motif in the c subunit (Q(33), E(66), T(67), T(68), Y(71)), and a complete, untruncated ε subunit; suggesting that ATP hydrolysis by the enzyme is regulated. Based on these properties, the F(1)F(O)-ATPase of N. thermophilus is a Na(+)-translocating ATPase used primarily for expelling cytoplasmic Na(+) that accumulates inside cells of N. thermophilus during alkaline stress. In support of this theory are the presence of the c subunit Na(+)-binding motif and the low rates of ATP synthesis observed. The complete ε subunit is hypothesized to control excessive ATP hydrolysis and preserve intracellular Na(+) needed by electrogenic cation/proton antiporters crucial for cytoplasmic acidification in the obligately alkaliphilic N. thermophilus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha M Mesbah
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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