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Swanson MA, Jiang H, Busquet N, Carlsen J, Brindley C, Benke TA, Van Hove RA, Friederich MW, MacLean KN, Mesches MH, Van Hove JLK. Deep postnatal phenotyping of a new mouse model of nonketotic hyperglycinemia. bioRxiv 2024:2024.03.26.586818. [PMID: 38586005 PMCID: PMC10996592 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.26.586818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Nonketotic hyperglycinemia due to deficient glycine cleavage enzyme activity causes a severe neonatal epileptic encephalopathy. Current therapies based on mitigating glycine excess have only limited impact. An animal model with postnatal phenotyping is needed to explore new therapeutic approaches. We developed a Gldc p.Ala394Val mutant model and bred it to congenic status in 2 colonies on C57Bl/6J (B6) and J129X1/SvJ (J129) backgrounds. Mutant mice had reduced P-protein and enzyme activity indicating a hypomorphic mutant. Glycine levels were increased in blood and brain regions, exacerbated by dietary glycine, with higher levels in female than male J129 mice. Birth defects were more prevalent in mutant B6 than J129 mice, and hydrocephalus was more frequent in B6 (40%) compared to J129 (none). The hydrocephalus rate was increased by postnatal glycine challenge in B6 mice, more so when delivered from the first neonatal week than from the fourth. Mutant mice had reduced weight gain following weaning until the eighth postnatal week, which was exacerbated by glycine loading. The electrographic spike rate was increased in mutant mice following glycine loading, but no seizures were observed. The alpha/delta band intensity ratio was decreased in the left cortex in female J129 mice, which were less active in an open field test and explored less in a Y-maze, suggesting an encephalopathic effect. Mutant mice showed no evidence of memory dysfunction. This partial recapitulation of human symptoms and biochemistry will facilitate the evaluation of new therapeutic approaches with an early postnatal time window likely most effective. Take home message A mouse model of nonketotic hyperglycinemia is described that shows postnatal abnormalities in glycine levels, neural tube defects, body weight, electroencephalographic recordings, and in activity in young mice making it amenable for the evaluation of novel treatment interventions. Author contributions Study concept and design: JVH, MHM, NB, KNMAnimal study data: MAS, HJ, NB, MHM, JC, CBBiochemical and genetic studies: MAS, RAVH, MWFStatistical analysis: NB, JVHFirst draft writing: JVH, NB, MHMCritical rewriting: MAS, NB, MHM, TAB, JC, MWF, KNM, JVHFinal responsibility, guarantor, and communicating author: JVH. Competing interest statement The University of Colorado (JVH, MS, KNM, HJ) has the intention to file Intellectual property protection for certain biochemical treatments of NKH. Otherwise, the authors have stated that they had no interests that might be perceived as posing a conflict or bias to this subject matter. Funding support Financial support is acknowledged form the NKH Crusaders, Brodyn's Friends, Nora Jane Almany Foundation, the Dickens Family Foundation, the Lucas John Foundation, Les Petits Bourdons, Joseph's Fund, the Barnett Family, Maud & Vic Foundation, Lucy's BEElievers fund, Hope for NKH, Madi's Mission NKH fund, and from Dr. and Ms. Shaw, and the University of Colorado Foundation NKH research fund. The study was supported by a grant (CNS-X-19-103) from the University of Colorado School of Medicine and the Colorado Clinical Translational Science Institute, which is supported by NIH/NCATS Colorado CTSA Grant Number UL1 TR002535. Contents are the authors' sole responsibility and do not necessarily represent official NIH views. All funding sources had no role in the design or execution of the study, the interpretation of data, or the writing of the study. Ethics approval on Laboratory Animal Studies Mouse studies were carried out with approval from the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of the University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus (IACUC# 00413). Data sharing statement The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
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Van Hove JL, Friederich MW, Strode DK, Van Hove RA, Miller KR, Sharma R, Shah H, Estrella J, Gabel L, Horslen S, Kohli R, Lovell MA, Miethke AG, Molleston JP, Romero R, Squires JE, Alonso EM, Guthery SL, Kamath BM, Loomes KM, Rosenthal P, Mysore KR, Cavallo LA, Valentino PL, Magee JC, Sundaram SS, Sokol RJ. Protein biomarkers GDF15 and FGF21 to differentiate mitochondrial hepatopathies from other pediatric liver diseases. Hepatol Commun 2024; 8:e0361. [PMID: 38180987 PMCID: PMC10781130 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial hepatopathies (MHs) are primary mitochondrial genetic disorders that can present as childhood liver disease. No recognized biomarkers discriminate MH from other childhood liver diseases. The protein biomarkers growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) and fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) differentiate mitochondrial myopathies from other myopathies. We evaluated these biomarkers to determine if they discriminate MH from other liver diseases in children. METHODS Serum biomarkers were measured in 36 children with MH (17 had a genetic diagnosis); 38 each with biliary atresia, α1-antitrypsin deficiency, and Alagille syndrome; 20 with NASH; and 186 controls. RESULTS GDF15 levels compared to controls were mildly elevated in patients with α1-antitrypsin deficiency, Alagille syndrome, and biliary atresia-young subgroup, but markedly elevated in MH (p<0.001). FGF21 levels were mildly elevated in NASH and markedly elevated in MH (p<0.001). Both biomarkers were higher in patients with MH with a known genetic cause but were similar in acute and chronic presentations. Both markers had a strong performance to identify MH with a molecular diagnosis with the AUC for GDF15 0.93±0.04 and for FGF21 0.90±0.06. Simultaneous elevation of both markers >98th percentile of controls identified genetically confirmed MH with a sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 96%. In MH, independent predictors of survival without requiring liver transplantation were international normalized ratio and either GDF15 or FGF21 levels, with levels <2000 ng/L predicting survival without liver transplantation (p<0.01). CONCLUSIONS GDF15 and FGF21 are significantly higher in children with MH compared to other childhood liver diseases and controls and, when combined, were predictive of MH and had prognostic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan L.K. Van Hove
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Marisa W. Friederich
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Dana K. Strode
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Roxanne A. Van Hove
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kristen R. Miller
- Section of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Rohit Sharma
- Department of Molecular Biology and Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hardik Shah
- Department of Molecular Biology and Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jane Estrella
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Linda Gabel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Simon Horslen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rohit Kohli
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Mark A. Lovell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Alexander G. Miethke
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Jean P. Molleston
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Indiana University and Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Rene Romero
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta and Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - James E. Squires
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Estella M. Alonso
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Stephen L. Guthery
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Spencer F. Eccles School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
- Intermountain Primary Children’s Hospital, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Binita M. Kamath
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kathleen M. Loomes
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Children’s Hospital Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Philip Rosenthal
- Departments of Pediatrics and Surgery, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Krupa R. Mysore
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Laurel A. Cavallo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pamela L. Valentino
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - John C. Magee
- Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Shikha S. Sundaram
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Ronald J. Sokol
- Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus and Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Squires JE, Miethke AG, Valencia CA, Hawthorne K, Henn L, Van Hove JL, Squires RH, Bove K, Horslen S, Kohli R, Molleston JP, Romero R, Alonso EM, Bezerra JA, Guthery SL, Hsu E, Karpen SJ, Loomes KM, Ng VL, Rosenthal P, Mysore K, Wang KS, Friederich MW, Magee JC, Sokol RJ. Clinical spectrum and genetic causes of mitochondrial hepatopathy phenotype in children. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e0139. [PMID: 37184518 PMCID: PMC10187840 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in both mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and nuclear DNA genes affect mitochondria function, causing a range of liver-based conditions termed mitochondrial hepatopathies (MH), which are subcategorized as mtDNA depletion, RNA translation, mtDNA deletion, and enzymatic disorders. We aim to enhance the understanding of pathogenesis and natural history of MH. METHODS We analyzed data from patients with MH phenotypes to identify genetic causes, characterize the spectrum of clinical presentation, and determine outcomes. RESULTS Three enrollment phenotypes, that is, acute liver failure (ALF, n = 37), chronic liver disease (Chronic, n = 40), and post-liver transplant (n = 9), were analyzed. Patients with ALF were younger [median 0.8 y (range, 0.0, 9.4) vs 3.4 y (0.2, 18.6), p < 0.001] with fewer neurodevelopmental delays (40.0% vs 81.3%, p < 0.001) versus Chronic. Comprehensive testing was performed more often in Chronic than ALF (90.0% vs 43.2%); however, etiology was identified more often in ALF (81.3% vs 61.1%) with mtDNA depletion being most common (ALF: 77% vs Chronic: 41%). Of the sequenced cohort (n = 60), 63% had an identified mitochondrial disorder. Cluster analysis identified a subset without an underlying genetic etiology, despite comprehensive testing. Liver transplant-free survival was 40% at 2 years (ALF vs Chronic, 16% vs 65%, p < 0.001). Eighteen (21%) underwent transplantation. With 33 patient-years of follow-up after the transplant, 3 deaths were reported. CONCLUSIONS Differences between ALF and Chronic MH phenotypes included age at diagnosis, systemic involvement, transplant-free survival, and genetic etiology, underscoring the need for ultra-rapid sequencing in the appropriate clinical setting. Cluster analysis revealed a group meeting enrollment criteria but without an identified genetic or enzymatic diagnosis, highlighting the need to identify other etiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E. Squires
- UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - C. Alexander Valencia
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Interpath Laboratory, Pendleton, Oregon, USA
| | - Kieran Hawthorne
- Arbor Research Collaborative for Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lisa Henn
- Arbor Research Collaborative for Health, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Johan L.K. Van Hove
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Robert H. Squires
- UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kevin Bove
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Simon Horslen
- UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Rohit Kohli
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jean P. Molleston
- Indiana University-Riley Hospital for Children, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | - Rene Romero
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Estella M. Alonso
- Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jorge A. Bezerra
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Stephen L. Guthery
- University of Utah School of Medicine, Primary Children’s Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Evelyn Hsu
- University of Washington School of Medicine and Seattle Children’s Hospital, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Saul J. Karpen
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Kathleen M. Loomes
- The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Vicky L. Ng
- Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Krupa Mysore
- Texas Children’s Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Kasper S. Wang
- Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Marisa W. Friederich
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - John C. Magee
- University of Michigan Hospitals and Health Centers, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ronald J. Sokol
- University of Colorado School of Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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4
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Poquérusse J, Nolan M, Thorburn DR, Van Hove JLK, Friederich MW, Love DR, Taylor J, Powell CA, Minczuk M, Snell RG, Lehnert K, Glamuzina E, Jacobsen JC. Severe neonatal onset neuroregression with paroxysmal dystonia and apnoea: Expanding the phenotypic and genotypic spectrum of CARS2-related mitochondrial disease. JIMD Rep 2023; 64:223-232. [PMID: 37151360 PMCID: PMC10159863 DOI: 10.1002/jmd2.12360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Disorders of mitochondrial function are a collectively common group of genetic diseases in which deficits in core mitochondrial translation machinery, including aminoacyl tRNA synthetases, are key players. Biallelic variants in the CARS2 gene (NM_024537.4), which encodes the mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase for cysteine (CARS2, mt-aaRScys; MIM*612800), result in childhood onset epileptic encephalopathy and complex movement disorder with combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency (MIM#616672). Prior to this report, eight unique pathogenic variants in the CARS2 gene had been reported in seven individuals. Here, we describe a male who presented in the third week of life with apnoea. He rapidly deteriorated with paroxysmal dystonic crises and apnoea resulting in death at 16 weeks. He had no evidence of seizure activity or multisystem disease and had normal brain imaging. Skeletal muscle biopsy revealed a combined disorder of oxidative phosphorylation. Whole-exome sequencing identified biallelic variants in the CARS2 gene: one novel (c.1478T>C, p.Phe493Ser), and one previously reported (c.655G>A, p.Ala219Thr; rs727505361). Northern blot analysis of RNA isolated from the patient's fibroblasts confirmed a clear defect in aminoacylation of the mitochondrial tRNA for cysteine (mt-tRNACys). To our knowledge, this is the earliest reported case of CARS2 deficiency with severe, early onset dystonia and apnoea, without epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie Poquérusse
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
- Centre for Brain ResearchThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Melinda Nolan
- Department of NeurologyStarship Children's HealthAucklandNew Zealand
| | - David R. Thorburn
- Murdoch Children's Research InstituteMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
- Department of PaediatricsThe University of MelbourneMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | - Johan L. K. Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, School of MedicineUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Marisa W. Friederich
- Department of Pediatrics, School of MedicineUniversity of Colorado Anschutz Medical CampusAuroraColoradoUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Donald R. Love
- Diagnostic GeneticsLabPLUS, Auckland City HospitalAucklandNew Zealand
- Present address:
Division Chief, Pathology GeneticsSidra MedicineDohaQatar
| | - Juliet Taylor
- Genetic Health Service New ZealandAuckland City HospitalAucklandNew Zealand
| | | | - Michal Minczuk
- MRC Mitochondrial Biology UnitUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Russell G. Snell
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
- Centre for Brain ResearchThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Klaus Lehnert
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
- Centre for Brain ResearchThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Emma Glamuzina
- Adult and Paediatric National Metabolic ServiceAuckland City HospitalAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Jessie C. Jacobsen
- School of Biological SciencesThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
- Centre for Brain ResearchThe University of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
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5
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Ganapathi M, Friocourt G, Gueguen N, Friederich MW, Le Gac G, Okur V, Loaëc N, Ludwig T, Ka C, Tanji K, Marcorelles P, Theodorou E, Lignelli-Dipple A, Voisset C, Walker MA, Briere LC, Bourhis A, Blondel M, LeDuc C, Hagen J, Cooper C, Muraresku C, Ferec C, Garenne A, Lelez-Soquet S, Rogers CA, Shen Y, Strode DK, Bizargity P, Iglesias A, Goldstein A, High FA, Network UD, Sweetser DA, Ganetzky R, Van Hove JLK, Procaccio V, Le Marechal C, Chung WK. A homozygous splice variant in ATP5PO, disrupts mitochondrial complex V function and causes Leigh syndrome in two unrelated families. J Inherit Metab Dis 2022; 45:996-1012. [PMID: 35621276 PMCID: PMC9474623 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial complex V plays an important role in oxidative phosphorylation by catalyzing the generation of ATP. Most complex V subunits are nuclear encoded and not yet associated with recognized Mendelian disorders. Using exome sequencing, we identified a rare homozygous splice variant (c.87+3A>G) in ATP5PO, the complex V subunit which encodes the oligomycin sensitivity conferring protein, in three individuals from two unrelated families, with clinical suspicion of a mitochondrial disorder. These individuals had a similar, severe infantile and often lethal multi-systemic disorder that included hypotonia, developmental delay, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, progressive epileptic encephalopathy, progressive cerebral atrophy, and white matter abnormalities on brain MRI consistent with Leigh syndrome. cDNA studies showed a predominant shortened transcript with skipping of exon 2 and low levels of the normal full-length transcript. Fibroblasts from the affected individuals demonstrated decreased ATP5PO protein, defective assembly of complex V with markedly reduced amounts of peripheral stalk proteins, and complex V hydrolytic activity. Further, expression of human ATP5PO cDNA without exon 2 (hATP5PO-∆ex2) in yeast cells deleted for yATP5 (ATP5PO homolog) was unable to rescue growth on media which requires oxidative phosphorylation when compared to the wild type construct (hATP5PO-WT), indicating that exon 2 deletion leads to a non-functional protein. Collectively, our findings support the pathogenicity of the ATP5PO c.87+3A>G variant, which significantly reduces but does not eliminate complex V activity. These data along with the recent report of an affected individual with ATP5PO variants, add to the evidence that rare biallelic variants in ATP5PO result in defective complex V assembly, function and are associated with Leigh syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mythily Ganapathi
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Naig Gueguen
- MitoLab, UMR CNRS 6015 - INSERM U1083, MitoVasc Institute, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Gerald Le Gac
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR1078, France
- CHRU de Brest, Service de Génétique Médicale et Biologie de la Reproduction, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Histocompatibilité, France
| | - Volkan Okur
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Thomas Ludwig
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR1078, France
- CHRU de Brest, Service de Génétique Médicale et Biologie de la Reproduction, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Histocompatibilité, France
| | - Chandran Ka
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR1078, France
- CHRU de Brest, Service de Génétique Médicale et Biologie de la Reproduction, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Histocompatibilité, France
| | - Kurenai Tanji
- Department of Pathology & Cell Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Pascale Marcorelles
- CHRU de Brest, Service d'anatomie cytologie pathologie, CHU et centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires, Brest, France
| | - Evangelos Theodorou
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Medical Genetics & Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Angela Lignelli-Dipple
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Melissa A Walker
- Division of Neurogenetics, Child Neurology, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lauren C Briere
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amélie Bourhis
- CHRU de Brest, Service d'anatomie cytologie pathologie, CHU et centre de référence des maladies neuromusculaires, Brest, France
| | | | - Charles LeDuc
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jacob Hagen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Cathleen Cooper
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Colleen Muraresku
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | | | | | - Cassandra A Rogers
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yufeng Shen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dana K Strode
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Peyman Bizargity
- Division of Medical Genetics, Cohen Children's Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alejandro Iglesias
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Amy Goldstein
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Frances A High
- Division of Medical Genetics & Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - David A Sweetser
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Division of Medical Genetics & Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rebecca Ganetzky
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Mitochondrial Medicine Frontier Program, Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Vincent Procaccio
- MitoLab, UMR CNRS 6015 - INSERM U1083, MitoVasc Institute, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | - Cedric Le Marechal
- Univ Brest, Inserm, EFS, UMR1078, France
- CHRU de Brest, Service de Génétique Médicale et Biologie de la Reproduction, Laboratoire de Génétique Moléculaire et Histocompatibilité, France
| | - Wendy K Chung
- Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
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6
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Swanson MA, Miller K, Young SP, Tong S, Ghaloul‐Gonzalez L, Neira‐Fresneda J, Schlichting L, Peck C, Gabel L, Friederich MW, Van Hove JLK. Cerebrospinal fluid amino acids glycine, serine, and threonine in nonketotic hyperglycinemia. J Inherit Metab Dis 2022; 45:734-747. [PMID: 35357708 PMCID: PMC9543955 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Nonketotic hyperglycinemia (NKH) is caused by deficient glycine cleavage enzyme activity and characterized by elevated brain glycine. Metabolism of glycine is connected enzymatically to serine through serine hydroxymethyltransferase and shares transporters with serine and threonine. We aimed to evaluate changes in serine and threonine in NKH patients, and relate this to clinical outcome severity. Age-related reference values were developed for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) serine and threonine from 274 controls, and in a cross-sectional study compared to 61 genetically proven NKH patients, categorized according to outcome. CSF d-serine and l-serine levels were stereoselectively determined in seven NKH patients and compared to 29 age-matched controls. In addition to elevated CSF glycine, NKH patients had significantly decreased levels of CSF serine and increased levels of CSF threonine, even after age-adjustment. The CSF serine/threonine ratio discriminated between NKH patients and controls. The CSF glycine/serine aided in discrimination between severe and attenuated neonates with NKH. Over all ages, the CSF glycine, serine and threonine had moderate to fair correlation with outcome classes. After age-adjustment, only the CSF glycine level provided good discrimination between outcome classes. In untreated patients, d-serine was more reduced than l-serine, with a decreased d/l-serine ratio, indicating a specific impact on d-serine metabolism. We conclude that in NKH the elevation of glycine is accompanied by changes in l-serine, d-serine and threonine, likely reflecting a perturbation of the serine shuttle and metabolism, and of one-carbon metabolism. This provides additional guidance on diagnosis and prognosis, and opens new therapeutic avenues to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Swanson
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Kristen Miller
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Health Biostatistics CoreUniversity of Colorado and Children's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Sarah P. Young
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of PediatricsDuke University School of MedicineDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Suhong Tong
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Health Biostatistics CoreUniversity of Colorado and Children's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Lina Ghaloul‐Gonzalez
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Department of PediatricsUniversity of Pittsburgh School of MedicinePittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of Human GeneticsGraduate School of Public Health, University of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Lisa Schlichting
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Cheryl Peck
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Linda Gabel
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Marisa W. Friederich
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
| | - Johan L. K. Van Hove
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColoradoUSA
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7
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Balderas E, Eberhardt DR, Lee S, Pleinis JM, Sommakia S, Balynas AM, Yin X, Parker MC, Maguire CT, Cho S, Szulik MW, Bakhtina A, Bia RD, Friederich MW, Locke TM, Van Hove JLK, Drakos SG, Sancak Y, Tristani-Firouzi M, Franklin S, Rodan AR, Chaudhuri D. Author Correction: Mitochondrial calcium uniporter stabilization preserves energetic homeostasis during Complex I impairment. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3532. [PMID: 35725853 PMCID: PMC9209434 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31304-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Balderas
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - David R Eberhardt
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sandra Lee
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - John M Pleinis
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Salah Sommakia
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Anthony M Balynas
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Xue Yin
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Colin T Maguire
- Clinical & Translational Science Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Scott Cho
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Marta W Szulik
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Anna Bakhtina
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Ryan D Bia
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Timothy M Locke
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Stavros G Drakos
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Yasemin Sancak
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Martin Tristani-Firouzi
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Sarah Franklin
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Aylin R Rodan
- Molecular Medicine Program, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Dipayan Chaudhuri
- Nora Eccles Harrison Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
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8
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Yang JH, Friederich MW, Ellsworth KA, Frederick A, Foreman E, Malicki D, Dimmock D, Lenberg J, Prasad C, Yu AC, Rupar CA, Hegele RA, Manickam K, Koboldt DC, Crist E, Choi SS, Farhan SM, Harvey H, Sattar S, Karp N, Wong T, Haas R, Van Hove JL, Wigby K. Expanding the phenotypic and molecular spectrum of NFS1-related disorders that cause functional deficiencies in mitochondrial and cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster containing enzymes. Hum Mutat 2022; 43:305-315. [PMID: 35026043 PMCID: PMC8863643 DOI: 10.1002/humu.24330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Iron-sulfur cluster proteins are involved in critical functions for gene expression regulation and mitochondrial bioenergetics including the oxidative phosphorylation system. The c.215G>A p.(Arg72Gln) variant in NFS1 has been previously reported to cause infantile mitochondrial complex II and III deficiency. We describe three additional unrelated patients with the same missense variant. Two infants with the same homozygous variant presented with hypotonia, weakness and lactic acidosis, and one patient with compound heterozygous p.(Arg72Gln) and p.(Arg412His) variants presented as a young adult with gastrointestinal symptoms and fatigue. Skeletal muscle biopsy from patients 1 and 3 showed abnormal mitochondrial morphology, and functional analyses demonstrated decreased activity in respiratory chain complex II and variably in complexes I and III. We found decreased mitochondrial and cytosolic aconitase activities but only mildly affected lipoylation of pyruvate dehydrogenase and 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase enzymes. Our studies expand the phenotypic spectrum and provide further evidence for the pathogenicity and functional sequelae of NFS1-related disorders with disturbances in both mitochondrial and cytosolic iron-sulfur cluster containing enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer H. Yang
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA,Division of Child Neurology, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, USA,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Marisa W. Friederich
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, 13121 East 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | | | - Aliya Frederick
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA,Division of Child Neurology, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Emily Foreman
- Division of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Denise Malicki
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - David Dimmock
- Rady Children’s Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Jerica Lenberg
- Rady Children’s Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Chitra Prasad
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5K8, Canada
| | - Andrea C. Yu
- Division of Metabolics and Newborn Screening, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - C. Anthony Rupar
- Department of Pathology, London Health Science Centre, London, Ontario N6A 5A5, Canada,London Health Sciences Centre, Children’s Health Research Institute London, Ontario N6C 2V5, Canada
| | - Robert A. Hegele
- Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5K8, Canada,Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada
| | - Kandamurugu Manickam
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205 USA
| | - Daniel C. Koboldt
- The Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Erin Crist
- The Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Samantha S. Choi
- The Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | - Sali M.K. Farhan
- Departments of Neurology and Neurosurgery, and Human Genetics, the Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, 3801 Rue University, Montréal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada
| | - Helen Harvey
- Division of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Shifteh Sattar
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA,Division of Child Neurology, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Natalya Karp
- Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5C1, Canada,Department of Pediatrics, Division of Medical Genetics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario N6A 5K8, Canada
| | - Terence Wong
- Rady Children’s Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Richard Haas
- Department of Neurosciences, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA,Division of Child Neurology, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, USA,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Johan L.K. Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children’s Hospital Colorado, 13121 East 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA,These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Kristen Wigby
- Rady Children’s Institute for Genomic Medicine, San Diego, CA 92123, USA,Division of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA,These authors contributed equally to this work
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9
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Friederich MW, Geddes GC, Wortmann SB, Punnoose A, Wartchow E, Knight KM, Prokisch H, Creadon-Swindell G, Mayr JA, Van Hove JLK. Pathogenic variants in MRPL44 cause infantile cardiomyopathy due to a mitochondrial translation defect. Mol Genet Metab 2021; 133:362-371. [PMID: 34140213 PMCID: PMC8289749 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac dysfunction is a common phenotypic manifestation of primary mitochondrial disease with multiple nuclear and mitochondrial DNA pathogenic variants as a cause, including disorders of mitochondrial translation. To date, five patients have been described with pathogenic variants in MRPL44, encoding the ml44 protein which is part of the large subunit of the mitochondrial ribosome (mitoribosome). Three presented as infants with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, mild lactic acidosis, and easy fatigue and muscle weakness, whereas two presented in adolescence with myopathy and neurological symptoms. We describe two infants who presented with cardiomyopathy from the neonatal period, failure to thrive, hypoglycemia and in one infant lactic acidosis. A decompensation of the cardiac function in the first year resulted in demise. Exome sequencing identified compound heterozygous variants in the MRPL44 gene including the known pathogenic variant c.467 T > G and two novel pathogenic variants. We document a combined respiratory chain enzyme deficiency with emphasis on complex I and IV, affecting heart muscle tissue more than skeletal muscle or fibroblasts. We show this to be caused by reduced mitochondrial DNA encoded protein synthesis affecting all subunits, and resulting in dysfunction of complex I and IV assembly. The degree of oxidative phosphorylation dysfunction correlated with the impairment of mitochondrial protein synthesis due to different pathogenic variants. These functional studies allow for improved understanding of the pathogenesis of MRPL44-associated mitochondrial disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa W Friederich
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Services, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Gabrielle C Geddes
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Saskia B Wortmann
- University Children's Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria; Amalia Children's Hospital, RadboudUMC, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ann Punnoose
- Herma Heart Institute, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Eric Wartchow
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Services, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kaz M Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Johannes A Mayr
- University Children's Hospital, Paracelsus Medical University (PMU), Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Services, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
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10
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Kripps KA, Friederich MW, Chen T, Larson AA, Mirsky DM, Wang Y, Tanji K, Knight KM, Wong LJ, Van Hove JLK. A novel acceptor stem variant in mitochondrial tRNA Tyr impairs mitochondrial translation and is associated with a severe phenotype. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 131:398-404. [PMID: 33279411 PMCID: PMC7749820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Genetic defects in mitochondrial DNA encoded tRNA genes impair mitochondrial translation with resultant defects in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and oxidative phosphorylation system. The phenotypic spectrum of disease seen in mitochondrial tRNA defects is variable and proving pathogenicity of new variants is challenging. Only three pathogenic variants have been described previously in the mitochondrial tRNATyr gene MT-TY, with the reported phenotypes consisting largely of adult onset myopathy and ptosis. We report a patient with a novel MT-TY acceptor stem variant m.5889A>G at high heteroplasmy in muscle, low in blood, and absent in the mother's blood. The phenotype consisted of a childhood-onset severe multi-system disorder characterized by a neurodegenerative course including ataxia and seizures, failure-to-thrive, combined myopathy and neuropathy, and hearing and vision loss. Brain imaging showed progressive atrophy and basal ganglia calcifications. Mitochondrial biomarkers lactate and GDF15 were increased. Functional studies showed a deficient activity of the respiratory chain enzyme complexes containing mtDNA-encoded subunits I, III and IV. There were decreased steady state levels of these mitochondrial complex proteins, and presence of incompletely assembled complex V forms in muscle. These changes are typical of a mitochondrial translational defect. These data support the pathogenicity of this novel variant. Careful review of variants in MT-TY additionally identified two other pathogenic variants, one likely pathogenic variant, nine variants of unknown significance, five likely benign and four benign variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Kripps
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13121 East 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Austin A Larson
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - David M Mirsky
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kurenai Tanji
- Division of Neuropathology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kaz M Knight
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Lee-Jun Wong
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13121 East 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO, USA.
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11
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Knight KM, Shelkowitz E, Larson AA, Mirsky DM, Wang Y, Chen T, Wong LJ, Friederich MW, Van Hove JLK. The mitochondrial DNA variant m.9032T > C in MT-ATP6 encoding p.(Leu169Pro) causes a complex mitochondrial neurological syndrome. Mitochondrion 2020; 55:8-13. [PMID: 32931937 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diagnosing complex V deficiencies caused by new variants in mitochondrial DNA is challenging due to the rarity, phenotypic diversity, and limited functional assessments. We describe a child with the m.9032T > C variant in MT-ATP6 encoding p.(Leu169Pro), with primary presentation of microcephaly, ataxia, hearing loss, and lactic acidosis. Functional studies reveal abnormal fragment F1 of complex V on blue native gel electrophoresis. Respirometry showed excessively tight coupling through complex V depressing oxygen consumption upon ADP stimulation and an excessive increase following uncoupling, in the presence of upregulation of mitochondrial biogenesis. These data add evidence about pathogenicity and functional impact of this variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaz M Knight
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Emily Shelkowitz
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Austin A Larson
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - David M Mirsky
- Department of Radiology, University of Colorado, and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Endocrinology, Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lee-Jun Wong
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13121 East 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13121 East 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO, USA.
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12
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Friederich MW, Elias AF, Kuster A, Laugwitz L, Larson AA, Landry AP, Ellwood‐Digel L, Mirsky DM, Dimmock D, Haven J, Jiang H, MacLean KN, Styren K, Schoof J, Goujon L, Lefrancois T, Friederich M, Coughlin CR, Banerjee R, Haack TB, Van Hove JLK. Pathogenic variants in SQOR encoding sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase are a potentially treatable cause of Leigh disease. J Inherit Metab Dis 2020; 43:1024-1036. [PMID: 32160317 PMCID: PMC7484123 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide, a signaling molecule formed mainly from cysteine, is catabolized by sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase (gene SQOR). Toxic hydrogen sulfide exposure inhibits complex IV. We describe children of two families with pathogenic variants in SQOR. Exome sequencing identified variants; SQOR enzyme activity was measured spectrophotometrically, protein levels evaluated by western blotting, and mitochondrial function was assayed. In family A, following a brief illness, a 4-year-old girl presented comatose with lactic acidosis and multiorgan failure. After stabilization, she remained comatose, hypotonic, had neurostorming episodes, elevated lactate, and Leigh-like lesions on brain imaging. She died shortly after. Her 8-year-old sister presented with a rapidly fatal episode of coma with lactic acidosis, and lesions in the basal ganglia and left cortex. Muscle and liver tissue had isolated decreased complex IV activity, but normal complex IV protein levels and complex formation. Both patients were homozygous for c.637G > A, which we identified as a founder mutation in the Lehrerleut Hutterite with a carrier frequency of 1 in 13. The resulting p.Glu213Lys change disrupts hydrogen bonding with neighboring residues, resulting in severely reduced SQOR protein and enzyme activity, whereas sulfide generating enzyme levels were unchanged. In family B, a boy had episodes of encephalopathy and basal ganglia lesions. He was homozygous for c.446delT and had severely reduced fibroblast SQOR enzyme activity and protein levels. SQOR dysfunction can result in hydrogen sulfide accumulation, which, consistent with its known toxicity, inhibits complex IV resulting in energy failure. In conclusion, SQOR deficiency represents a new, potentially treatable, cause of Leigh disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa W. Friederich
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColorado
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColorado
| | - Abdallah F. Elias
- Department of Medical GeneticsShodair Children's HospitalHelenaMontana
| | - Alice Kuster
- Department of NeurometabolismUniversity Hospital of NantesNantesFrance
- INRAE, UMR1280, PhAN, Nantes UniversitéNantesFrance
| | - Lucia Laugwitz
- Institut für Medizinische Genetik und Angewandte GenomikUniversitätsklinikum, University of TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Austin A. Larson
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColorado
| | - Aaron P. Landry
- Department of Biological ChemistryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
| | - Logan Ellwood‐Digel
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColorado
| | - David M. Mirsky
- Department of RadiologyUniversity of Colorado, and Children's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColorado
| | - David Dimmock
- Rady Children's Institute for Genomic MedicineSan DiegoCalifornia
| | - Jaclyn Haven
- Department of Medical GeneticsShodair Children's HospitalHelenaMontana
| | - Hua Jiang
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColorado
| | - Kenneth N. MacLean
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColorado
| | - Katie Styren
- Department of Medical GeneticsShodair Children's HospitalHelenaMontana
| | - Jonathan Schoof
- Department of Medical GeneticsShodair Children's HospitalHelenaMontana
| | - Louise Goujon
- Department of NeurometabolismUniversity Hospital of NantesNantesFrance
- Service de Génétique CliniqueUniversity Hospital of RennesRennesFrance
| | | | - Maike Friederich
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColorado
| | - Curtis R. Coughlin
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColorado
| | - Ruma Banerjee
- Department of Biological ChemistryUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMichigan
| | - Tobias B. Haack
- INRAE, UMR1280, PhAN, Nantes UniversitéNantesFrance
- Centre for Rare DiseasesUniversity of TübingenTübingenGermany
| | - Johan L. K. Van Hove
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of PediatricsUniversity of ColoradoAuroraColorado
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory MedicineChildren's Hospital ColoradoAuroraColorado
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13
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Bennett J, Kerr M, Greenway SC, Friederich MW, Van Hove JL, Hittel D, Khan A. Improved lactate control with dichloroacetate in a case with severe neonatal lactic acidosis due to MTFMT mitochondrial translation disorder. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2020; 24:100616. [PMID: 32577402 PMCID: PMC7303673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2020.100616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase (MTFMT) is a nuclear-encoded gene that produces a protein involved in mitochondrial translation. MTFMT formylates a portion of Met-tRNAMet, which allows for translation initiation of mitochondrial mRNA. Mutations in this gene have been shown to result in decreased mitochondrial translation with reduction function of the electron transport chain complexes I, III, IV, and V, thus affecting cellular energy production. Our patient presented with severe lactic acidosis in the neonatal period, and was found to be homozygous for the pathogenic mutation c.994C > T, p.(Arg332*). Her blood lactate levels normalized and her cardiomyopathy reversed after initiation of dichloroacetate (30 mg/kg/day). After two years of follow-up, she continues to show long-term lactate stability, continues to make developmental gains, and is in overall good general health. This is the first report using dichloroacetate in a patient with MTFMT deficiency, which may be a potential therapeutic option that warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Bennett
- Department of Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Marina Kerr
- Department of Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Steven C. Greenway
- Departments of Pediatrics, Cardiac Sciences, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Marisa W. Friederich
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Johan L.K. Van Hove
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dustin Hittel
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Aneal Khan
- Department of Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Corresponding author at: Alberta Children's Hospital, 28 Oki Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T3B 6A8, Canada.
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14
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Friederich MW, Perez FA, Knight KM, Van Hove RA, Yang SP, Saneto RP, Van Hove JLK. Pathogenic variants in NUBPL result in failure to assemble the matrix arm of complex I and cause a complex leukoencephalopathy with thalamic involvement. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 129:236-242. [PMID: 31917109 PMCID: PMC8096346 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Disorders of the white matter are genetically very heterogeneous including several genes involved in mitochondrial bioenergetics. Diagnosis of the underlying cause is aided by pattern recognition on neuroimaging and by next-generation sequencing. Recently, genetic changes in the complex I assembly factor NUBPL have been characterized by a consistent recognizable pattern of leukoencephalopathy affecting deep white matter including the corpus callosum and cerebellum. Here, we report twin boys with biallelic variants in NUBPL, an unreported c.351 G > A; p.(Met117Ile) and a previously reported pathological variant c. 693 + 1 G > A. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed abnormal T2 hyperintense signal involving the periventricular white matter, external capsule, corpus callosum, and, prominently, the bilateral thalami. The neuroimaging pattern evolved over 18 months with marked diffuse white matter signal abnormality, volume loss, and new areas of signal abnormality in the cerebellar folia and vermis. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy showed elevated lactate. Functional studies in cultured fibroblasts confirmed pathogenicity of the genetic variants. Complex I activity of the respiratory chain was deficient spectrophotometrically and on blue native gel with in-gel activity staining. There was absent assembly and loss of proteins of the matrix arm of complex I when traced with an antibody to NDUFS2, and incomplete assembly of the membrane arm when traced with an NDUFB6 antibody. There was decreased NUBPL protein on Western blot in patient fibroblasts compared to controls. Compromised NUBPL activity impairs assembly of the matrix arm of complex I and produces a severe, rapidly-progressive leukoencephalopathy with thalamic involvement on MRI, further expanding the neuroimaging phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa W Friederich
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, RC1-N P18-4404K, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13121 East 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Francisco A Perez
- Department of Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA
| | - Kaz M Knight
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, RC1-N P18-4404K, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Roxanne A Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, RC1-N P18-4404K, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Samuel P Yang
- Clinical Genomics and Preventative Medicine, Providence Medical Group, 105 West 8th Street 454-E, Spokane, WA 99204, USA
| | - Russell P Saneto
- Mitochondrial Medicine and Metabolism, Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Seattle Children's Hospital, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Neuroscience Institute, 1900 Ninth Ave, Mailstop C9S-10, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, RC1-N P18-4404K, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, 13121 East 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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15
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Wempe MF, Kumar A, Kumar V, Choi YJ, Swanson MA, Friederich MW, Hyland K, Yue WW, Van Hove JLK, Coughlin CR. Identification of a novel biomarker for pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy: Implications for newborn screening. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:565-574. [PMID: 30663059 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy (PDE) is often characterized as an early onset epileptic encephalopathy with dramatic clinical improvement following pyridoxine supplementation. Unfortunately, not all patients present with classic neonatal seizures or respond to an initial pyridoxine trial, which can result in the under diagnosis of this treatable disorder. Restriction of lysine intake and transport is associated with improved neurologic outcomes, although treatment should be started in the first year of life to be effective. Because of the documented diagnostic delay and benefit of early treatment, we aimed to develop a newborn screening method for PDE. Previous studies have demonstrated the accumulation of Δ1 -piperideine-6-carboxylate and α-aminoadipic semialdehyde in individuals with PDE, although these metabolites are unstable at room temperature (RT) limiting their utility for newborn screening. As a result, we sought to identify a biomarker that could be applied to current newborn screening paradigms. We identified a novel metabolite, 6-oxo-pipecolate (6-oxo-PIP), which accumulates in substantial amounts in blood, plasma, urine, and cerebral spinal fluid of individuals with PDE. Using a stable isotope-labeled internal standard, we developed a nonderivatized liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry-based method to quantify 6-oxo-PIP. This method replicates the analytical techniques used in many laboratories and could be used with few modifications in newborn screening programs. Furthermore, 6-oxo-PIP was measurable in urine for 4 months even when stored at RT. Herein, we report a novel biomarker for PDE that is stable at RT and can be quantified using current newborn screening techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F Wempe
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Amit Kumar
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Vijay Kumar
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Yu J Choi
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Michael A Swanson
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Keith Hyland
- Medical Neurogenetics Laboratories, LLC, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Wyatt W Yue
- Structural Genomics Consortium, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Curtis R Coughlin
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
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16
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Newell C, Khan A, Sinasac D, Shoffner J, Friederich MW, Van Hove JLK, Hume S, Shearer J, Sosova I. Hybrid gel electrophoresis using skin fibroblasts to aid in diagnosing mitochondrial disease. Neurol Genet 2019; 5:e336. [PMID: 31192304 PMCID: PMC6515941 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective We developed a novel, hybrid method combining both blue-native (BN-PAGE) and clear-native (CN-PAGE) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, termed BCN-PAGE, to perform in-gel activity stains on the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complexes in skin fibroblasts. Methods Four patients aged 46–65 years were seen in the Metabolic Clinic at Alberta Children's Hospital and investigated for mitochondrial disease and had BN-PAGE or CN-PAGE on skeletal muscle that showed incomplete assembly of complex V (CV) in each patient. Long-range PCR performed on muscle-extracted DNA identified 4 unique mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions spanning the ATP6 gene of CV. We developed a BCN-PAGE method in skin fibroblasts taken from the patients at the same time and compared the findings with those in skeletal muscle. Results In all 4 cases, BCN-PAGE in skin fibroblasts confirmed the abnormal CV activity found from muscle biopsy, suggesting that the mtDNA deletions involving ATP6 were most likely germline mutations that are associated with a clinical phenotype of mitochondrial disease. Conclusions The BCN-PAGE method in skin fibroblasts has a potential to be a less-invasive tool compared with muscle biopsy to screen patients for abnormalities in CV and other mitochondrial ETC complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Newell
- Department of Medical Genetics (C.N., A.K., D.S.) and Department of Pediatrics (A.K.), Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Atlanta (J. Shoffner), GA; Departments of Pediatrics (M.W.F., J.L.K.V.H.), Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado; Department of Medical Genetics (S.H.), University of Alberta, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology (J. Shearer), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (I.S.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Aneal Khan
- Department of Medical Genetics (C.N., A.K., D.S.) and Department of Pediatrics (A.K.), Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Atlanta (J. Shoffner), GA; Departments of Pediatrics (M.W.F., J.L.K.V.H.), Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado; Department of Medical Genetics (S.H.), University of Alberta, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology (J. Shearer), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (I.S.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - David Sinasac
- Department of Medical Genetics (C.N., A.K., D.S.) and Department of Pediatrics (A.K.), Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Atlanta (J. Shoffner), GA; Departments of Pediatrics (M.W.F., J.L.K.V.H.), Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado; Department of Medical Genetics (S.H.), University of Alberta, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology (J. Shearer), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (I.S.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - John Shoffner
- Department of Medical Genetics (C.N., A.K., D.S.) and Department of Pediatrics (A.K.), Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Atlanta (J. Shoffner), GA; Departments of Pediatrics (M.W.F., J.L.K.V.H.), Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado; Department of Medical Genetics (S.H.), University of Alberta, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology (J. Shearer), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (I.S.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Department of Medical Genetics (C.N., A.K., D.S.) and Department of Pediatrics (A.K.), Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Atlanta (J. Shoffner), GA; Departments of Pediatrics (M.W.F., J.L.K.V.H.), Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado; Department of Medical Genetics (S.H.), University of Alberta, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology (J. Shearer), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (I.S.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Department of Medical Genetics (C.N., A.K., D.S.) and Department of Pediatrics (A.K.), Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Atlanta (J. Shoffner), GA; Departments of Pediatrics (M.W.F., J.L.K.V.H.), Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado; Department of Medical Genetics (S.H.), University of Alberta, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology (J. Shearer), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (I.S.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Stacey Hume
- Department of Medical Genetics (C.N., A.K., D.S.) and Department of Pediatrics (A.K.), Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Atlanta (J. Shoffner), GA; Departments of Pediatrics (M.W.F., J.L.K.V.H.), Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado; Department of Medical Genetics (S.H.), University of Alberta, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology (J. Shearer), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (I.S.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Jane Shearer
- Department of Medical Genetics (C.N., A.K., D.S.) and Department of Pediatrics (A.K.), Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Atlanta (J. Shoffner), GA; Departments of Pediatrics (M.W.F., J.L.K.V.H.), Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado; Department of Medical Genetics (S.H.), University of Alberta, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology (J. Shearer), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (I.S.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Iveta Sosova
- Department of Medical Genetics (C.N., A.K., D.S.) and Department of Pediatrics (A.K.), Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Atlanta (J. Shoffner), GA; Departments of Pediatrics (M.W.F., J.L.K.V.H.), Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado; Department of Medical Genetics (S.H.), University of Alberta, Canada; Faculty of Kinesiology (J. Shearer), University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; and Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (I.S.), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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17
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Van Hove JLK, Freehauf CL, Ficicioglu C, Pena LDM, Moreau KL, Henthorn TK, Christians U, Jiang H, Cowan TM, Young SP, Hite M, Friederich MW, Stabler SP, Spector EB, Kronquist KE, Thomas JA, Emmett P, Harrington MJ, Pyle L, Creadon-Swindell G, Wempe MF, MacLean KN. Biomarkers of oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular dysfunction in inherited cystathionine β-synthase deficient homocystinuria and the impact of taurine treatment in a phase 1/2 human clinical trial. J Inherit Metab Dis 2019; 42:424-437. [PMID: 30873612 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE A phase 1/2 clinical trial was performed in individuals with cystathionine β synthase (CBS) deficient homocystinuria with aims to: (a) assess pharmacokinetics and safety of taurine therapy, (b) evaluate oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular function in CBS deficiency, and (c) evaluate the impact of short-term taurine treatment. METHODS Individuals with pyridoxine-nonresponsive CBS deficiency with homocysteine >50 μM, without inflammatory disorder or on antioxidant therapy were enrolled. Biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation, endothelial function (brachial artery flow-mediated dilation [FMD]), and disease-related metabolites obtained at baseline were compared to normal values. While maintaining current treatment, patients were treated with 75 mg/kg taurine twice daily, and treatment response assessed after 4 hours and 4 days. RESULTS Fourteen patients (8-35 years; 8 males, 6 females) were enrolled with baseline homocysteine levels 161 ± 67 μM. The study found high-dose taurine to be safe when excluding preexisting hypertriglyceridemia. Taurine pharmacokinetics showed a rapid peak level returning to near normal levels at 12 hours, but had slow accumulation and elevated predosing levels after 4 days of treatment. Only a single parameter of oxidative stress, 2,3-dinor-8-isoprostaglandin-F2α, was elevated at baseline, with no elevated inflammatory parameters, and no change in FMD values overall. Taurine had no effect on any of these parameters. However, the effect of taurine was strongly related to pretreatment FMD values; and taurine significantly improved FMD in the subset of individuals with pretreatment FMD values <10% and in individuals with homocysteine levels >125 μM, pertinent to endothelial function. CONCLUSION Taurine improves endothelial function in CBS-deficient homocystinuria in patients with preexisting reduced function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan L K Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Cynthia L Freehauf
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Can Ficicioglu
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Loren D M Pena
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Kerrie L Moreau
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
- Geriatric Research and Education Center, Denver Veterans Administration Medical Center, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Thomas K Henthorn
- iC42 Clinical Research and Development, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Uwe Christians
- iC42 Clinical Research and Development, Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Tina M Cowan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Sarah P Young
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Michelle Hite
- Research Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Sally P Stabler
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Elaine B Spector
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kathryn E Kronquist
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Janet A Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Peggy Emmett
- CTRC Core Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Mary J Harrington
- CTRC Core Laboratory, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Laura Pyle
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
- Department of Biostatistics and Informatics, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | | | - Michael F Wempe
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Kenneth N MacLean
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado
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18
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Friederich MW, Timal S, Powell CA, Dallabona C, Kurolap A, Palacios-Zambrano S, Bratkovic D, Derks TGJ, Bick D, Bouman K, Chatfield KC, Damouny-Naoum N, Dishop MK, Falik-Zaccai TC, Fares F, Fedida A, Ferrero I, Gallagher RC, Garesse R, Gilberti M, González C, Gowan K, Habib C, Halligan RK, Kalfon L, Knight K, Lefeber D, Mamblona L, Mandel H, Mory A, Ottoson J, Paperna T, Pruijn GJM, Rebelo-Guiomar PF, Saada A, Sainz B, Salvemini H, Schoots MH, Smeitink JA, Szukszto MJ, Ter Horst HJ, van den Brandt F, van Spronsen FJ, Veltman JA, Wartchow E, Wintjes LT, Zohar Y, Fernández-Moreno MA, Baris HN, Donnini C, Minczuk M, Rodenburg RJ, Van Hove JLK. Pathogenic variants in glutamyl-tRNA Gln amidotransferase subunits cause a lethal mitochondrial cardiomyopathy disorder. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4065. [PMID: 30283131 PMCID: PMC6170436 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06250-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial protein synthesis requires charging a mitochondrial tRNA with its amino acid. Here, the authors describe pathogenic variants in the GatCAB protein complex genes required for the generation of glutaminyl-mt-tRNAGln, that impairs mitochondrial translation and presents with cardiomyopathy. Mitochondrial protein synthesis requires charging mt-tRNAs with their cognate amino acids by mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, with the exception of glutaminyl mt-tRNA (mt-tRNAGln). mt-tRNAGln is indirectly charged by a transamidation reaction involving the GatCAB aminoacyl-tRNA amidotransferase complex. Defects involving the mitochondrial protein synthesis machinery cause a broad spectrum of disorders, with often fatal outcome. Here, we describe nine patients from five families with genetic defects in a GatCAB complex subunit, including QRSL1, GATB, and GATC, each showing a lethal metabolic cardiomyopathy syndrome. Functional studies reveal combined respiratory chain enzyme deficiencies and mitochondrial dysfunction. Aminoacylation of mt-tRNAGln and mitochondrial protein translation are deficient in patients’ fibroblasts cultured in the absence of glutamine but restore in high glutamine. Lentiviral rescue experiments and modeling in S. cerevisiae homologs confirm pathogenicity. Our study completes a decade of investigations on mitochondrial aminoacylation disorders, starting with DARS2 and ending with the GatCAB complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa W Friederich
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Sharita Timal
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher A Powell
- Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OXY, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Dallabona
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Alina Kurolap
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel.,The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Sara Palacios-Zambrano
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
| | - Drago Bratkovic
- SA Pathology, Women and Children's Hospital Adelaide, Adelaide, 5006, Australia
| | - Terry G J Derks
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - David Bick
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - Katelijne Bouman
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center of Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Kathryn C Chatfield
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Nadine Damouny-Naoum
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel.,Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Megan K Dishop
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Tzipora C Falik-Zaccai
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, 22100, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
| | - Fuad Fares
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Ayalla Fedida
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, 22100, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
| | - Ileana Ferrero
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Renata C Gallagher
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Rafael Garesse
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
| | - Micol Gilberti
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Cristina González
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
| | - Katherine Gowan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Clair Habib
- Department of Pediatrics, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa, 3339419, Israel
| | - Rebecca K Halligan
- SA Pathology, Women and Children's Hospital Adelaide, Adelaide, 5006, Australia
| | - Limor Kalfon
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, 22100, Israel
| | - Kaz Knight
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Dirk Lefeber
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Mamblona
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
| | - Hanna Mandel
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3109601, Israel.,Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, 22100, Israel.,Metabolic Unit, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Adi Mory
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - John Ottoson
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Tamar Paperna
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Pedro F Rebelo-Guiomar
- Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OXY, United Kingdom.,Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology (GABBA), University of Porto, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Ann Saada
- Monique and Jacques Roboh Department of Genetic Research and the Department of Genetic and Metabolic Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Enfermedades Crónicas y Cáncer Area, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, 28034, Spain
| | - Hayley Salvemini
- SA Pathology, Women and Children's Hospital Adelaide, Adelaide, 5006, Australia
| | - Mirthe H Schoots
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A Smeitink
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Maciej J Szukszto
- Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OXY, United Kingdom
| | - Hendrik J Ter Horst
- Division of Neonatology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Frans van den Brandt
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Francjan J van Spronsen
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Joris A Veltman
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands.,Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Wartchow
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Liesbeth T Wintjes
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Yaniv Zohar
- Institute of Pathology, Rambam Health Care Campus, 3109601, Haifa, Israel
| | - Miguel A Fernández-Moreno
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
| | - Hagit N Baris
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel.,The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Claudia Donnini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Michal Minczuk
- Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OXY, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA.
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19
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Vögtle FN, Brändl B, Larson A, Pendziwiat M, Friederich MW, White SM, Basinger A, Kücükköse C, Muhle H, Jähn JA, Keminer O, Helbig KL, Delto CF, Myketin L, Mossmann D, Burger N, Miyake N, Burnett A, van Baalen A, Lovell MA, Matsumoto N, Walsh M, Yu HC, Shinde DN, Stephani U, Van Hove JLK, Müller FJ, Helbig I. Mutations in PMPCB Encoding the Catalytic Subunit of the Mitochondrial Presequence Protease Cause Neurodegeneration in Early Childhood. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 102:557-573. [PMID: 29576218 PMCID: PMC5985287 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial disorders causing neurodegeneration in childhood are genetically heterogeneous, and the underlying genetic etiology remains unknown in many affected individuals. We identified biallelic variants in PMPCB in individuals of four families including one family with two affected siblings with neurodegeneration and cerebellar atrophy. PMPCB encodes the catalytic subunit of the essential mitochondrial processing protease (MPP), which is required for maturation of the majority of mitochondrial precursor proteins. Mitochondria isolated from two fibroblast cell lines and induced pluripotent stem cells derived from one affected individual and differentiated neuroepithelial stem cells showed reduced PMPCB levels and accumulation of the processing intermediate of frataxin, a sensitive substrate for MPP dysfunction. Introduction of the identified PMPCB variants into the homologous S. cerevisiae Mas1 protein resulted in a severe growth and MPP processing defect leading to the accumulation of mitochondrial precursor proteins and early impairment of the biogenesis of iron-sulfur clusters, which are indispensable for a broad range of crucial cellular functions. Analysis of biopsy materials of an affected individual revealed changes and decreased activity in iron-sulfur cluster-containing respiratory chain complexes and dysfunction of mitochondrial and cytosolic Fe-S cluster-dependent enzymes. We conclude that biallelic mutations in PMPCB cause defects in MPP proteolytic activity leading to dysregulation of iron-sulfur cluster biogenesis and triggering a complex neurological phenotype of neurodegeneration in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- F-Nora Vögtle
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany.
| | - Björn Brändl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Austin Larson
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Manuela Pendziwiat
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Susan M White
- Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Alice Basinger
- Cook Children's Physician Network, Department of Genetics, Fort Worth, TX 76102, USA
| | - Cansu Kücükköse
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany; Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Hiltrud Muhle
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Johanna A Jähn
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Oliver Keminer
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Molekularbiologie und Angewandte Ökologie IME, ScreeningPort, Hamburg 22525, Germany
| | - Katherine L Helbig
- Division of Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Carolyn F Delto
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Würzburg 97080, Germany
| | - Lisa Myketin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Dirk Mossmann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Nils Burger
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79104, Germany
| | - Noriko Miyake
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Audrey Burnett
- Cook Children's Physician Network, Department of Genetics, Fort Worth, TX 76102, USA
| | - Andreas van Baalen
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Mark A Lovell
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Naomichi Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Maie Walsh
- Adult Genetic Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Hung-Chun Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Deepali N Shinde
- Division of Clinical Genomics, Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA 92656, USA
| | - Ulrich Stephani
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Franz-Josef Müller
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Schleswig Holstein, Kiel 24105, Germany; Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Ingo Helbig
- Department of Neuropediatrics, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany; Division of Neurology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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20
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Oláhová M, Yoon WH, Thompson K, Jangam S, Fernandez L, Davidson JM, Kyle JE, Grove ME, Fisk DG, Kohler JN, Holmes M, Dries AM, Huang Y, Zhao C, Contrepois K, Zappala Z, Frésard L, Waggott D, Zink EM, Kim YM, Heyman HM, Stratton KG, Webb-Robertson BJM, Snyder M, Merker JD, Montgomery SB, Fisher PG, Feichtinger RG, Mayr JA, Hall J, Barbosa IA, Simpson MA, Deshpande C, Waters KM, Koeller DM, Metz TO, Morris AA, Schelley S, Cowan T, Friederich MW, McFarland R, Van Hove JLK, Enns GM, Yamamoto S, Ashley EA, Wangler MF, Taylor RW, Bellen HJ, Bernstein JA, Wheeler MT. Biallelic Mutations in ATP5F1D, which Encodes a Subunit of ATP Synthase, Cause a Metabolic Disorder. Am J Hum Genet 2018; 102:494-504. [PMID: 29478781 PMCID: PMC6117612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2018.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
ATP synthase, H+ transporting, mitochondrial F1 complex, δ subunit (ATP5F1D; formerly ATP5D) is a subunit of mitochondrial ATP synthase and plays an important role in coupling proton translocation and ATP production. Here, we describe two individuals, each with homozygous missense variants in ATP5F1D, who presented with episodic lethargy, metabolic acidosis, 3-methylglutaconic aciduria, and hyperammonemia. Subject 1, homozygous for c.245C>T (p.Pro82Leu), presented with recurrent metabolic decompensation starting in the neonatal period, and subject 2, homozygous for c.317T>G (p.Val106Gly), presented with acute encephalopathy in childhood. Cultured skin fibroblasts from these individuals exhibited impaired assembly of F1FO ATP synthase and subsequent reduced complex V activity. Cells from subject 1 also exhibited a significant decrease in mitochondrial cristae. Knockdown of Drosophila ATPsynδ, the ATP5F1D homolog, in developing eyes and brains caused a near complete loss of the fly head, a phenotype that was fully rescued by wild-type human ATP5F1D. In contrast, expression of the ATP5F1D c.245C>T and c.317T>G variants rescued the head-size phenotype but recapitulated the eye and antennae defects seen in other genetic models of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation deficiency. Our data establish c.245C>T (p.Pro82Leu) and c.317T>G (p.Val106Gly) in ATP5F1D as pathogenic variants leading to a Mendelian mitochondrial disease featuring episodic metabolic decompensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Oláhová
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Wan Hee Yoon
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kyle Thompson
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Sharayu Jangam
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Liliana Fernandez
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jean M Davidson
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jennifer E Kyle
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Megan E Grove
- Clinical Genomics Program, Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Dianna G Fisk
- Clinical Genomics Program, Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jennefer N Kohler
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew Holmes
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Annika M Dries
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Yong Huang
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chunli Zhao
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kévin Contrepois
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Zachary Zappala
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Laure Frésard
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Daryl Waggott
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Erika M Zink
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Young-Mo Kim
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Heino M Heyman
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Kelly G Stratton
- Computing & Analytics Division, National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Bobbie-Jo M Webb-Robertson
- Computing & Analytics Division, National Security Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Michael Snyder
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jason D Merker
- Clinical Genomics Program, Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Stephen B Montgomery
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Paul G Fisher
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - René G Feichtinger
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Johannes A Mayr
- Department of Pediatrics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Julie Hall
- Department of Neuroradiology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 4LP, UK
| | - Ines A Barbosa
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Michael A Simpson
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Charu Deshpande
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Guys and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Katrina M Waters
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - David M Koeller
- Department of Molecular & Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Thomas O Metz
- Biological Sciences Division, Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Andrew A Morris
- Institute of Human Development, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK; Willink Metabolic Unit, Genomic Medicine, Saint Mary's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M13 9WL, UK
| | - Susan Schelley
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Tina Cowan
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Robert McFarland
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Gregory M Enns
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Shinya Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Euan A Ashley
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Clinical Genomics Program, Stanford Health Care, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Michael F Wangler
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Robert W Taylor
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Hugo J Bellen
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Jan and Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jonathan A Bernstein
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew T Wheeler
- Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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21
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Scalais E, Osterheld E, Weitzel C, De Meirleir L, Mataigne F, Martens G, Shaikh TH, Coughlin CR, Yu HC, Swanson M, Friederich MW, Scharer G, Helbling D, Wendt-Andrae J, Van Hove JLK. X-Linked Cobalamin Disorder (HCFC1) Mimicking Nonketotic Hyperglycinemia With Increased Both Cerebrospinal Fluid Glycine and Methylmalonic Acid. Pediatr Neurol 2017; 71:65-69. [PMID: 28363510 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 12/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Autosomal recessive or X-linked inborn errors of intracellular cobalamin metabolism can lead to methylmalonic aciduria and homocystinuria. In neonates, both increased cerebrospinal fluid glycine and cerebrospinal fluid/plasma glycine ratio are biochemical features of nonketotic hyperglycinemia. METHODS We describe a boy presenting in the neonatal period with hypotonia, tonic, clonic, and later myoclonic seizures, subsequently evolving into refractory epilepsy and severe neurocognitive impairment. RESULTS Increased cerebrospinal fluid glycine and cerebrospinal fluid to plasma glycine ratio were indicative of nonketotic hyperglycinemia. Early magnetic resonance imaging showed restricted diffusion and decreased apparent diffusion coefficient values in posterior limb of internal capsules and later in entire internal capsules and posterior white matter. Sequencing did not show a mutation in AMT, GLDC, or GCSH. Biochemical analysis identified persistently increased cerebrospinal fluid levels of glycine and methylmalonic acid and increased urinary methylmalonic acid and plasma homocysteine levels, which improved on higher parenteral hydroxocobalamin dose. Exome sequencing identified a known pathogenic sequence variant in X-linked cobalamin (HCFC1), c.344C>T, p. Ala115Val. In addition, a hemizygous mutation was found in the ATRX (c. 2728A>G, p. Lys910Glu). Retrospective review of two other patients with X-linked cobalamin deficiency also identified increased cerebrospinal fluid glycine levels. CONCLUSIONS This boy had X-linked cobalamin deficiency (HCFC1) with increased cerebrospinal fluid glycine and methylmalonic acid and increased cerebrospinal fluid to plasma glycine ratio suggesting a brain hyperglycinemia. Putative binding sites for HCFC1 and its binding partner THAP11 were identified near genes of the glycine cleavage enzyme, providing a potential mechanistic link between HCFC1 mutations and increased glycine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Scalais
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
| | - Elise Osterheld
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Christiane Weitzel
- Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Linda De Meirleir
- Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Universitair Ziekenhuis, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Frederic Mataigne
- Department of Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Geert Martens
- VUB Metabolomics Platform, Department of Clinical Biology, Universitair Ziekenhuis, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Tamim H Shaikh
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Curtis R Coughlin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Hung-Chun Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Michael Swanson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Gunter Scharer
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Molecular Genetics Supervisor, Sequencing Core Diagnostic Manager, Human Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Daniel Helbling
- Molecular Genetics Supervisor, Sequencing Core Diagnostic Manager, Human Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Jamie Wendt-Andrae
- Molecular Genetics Supervisor, Sequencing Core Diagnostic Manager, Human Molecular Genetics Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado.
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22
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Friederich MW, Erdogan AJ, Coughlin CR, Elos MT, Jiang H, O’Rourke CP, Lovell MA, Wartchow E, Gowan K, Chatfield KC, Chick WS, Spector EB, Van Hove JL, Riemer J. Mutations in the accessory subunit NDUFB10 result in isolated complex I deficiency and illustrate the critical role of intermembrane space import for complex I holoenzyme assembly. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:702-716. [PMID: 28040730 PMCID: PMC6251674 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 11/27/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
An infant presented with fatal infantile lactic acidosis and cardiomyopathy, and was found to have profoundly decreased activity of respiratory chain complex I in muscle, heart and liver. Exome sequencing revealed compound heterozygous mutations in NDUFB10, which encodes an accessory subunit located within the PD part of complex I. One mutation resulted in a premature stop codon and absent protein, while the second mutation replaced the highly conserved cysteine 107 with a serine residue. Protein expression of NDUFB10 was decreased in muscle and heart, and less so in the liver and fibroblasts, resulting in the perturbed assembly of the holoenzyme at the 830 kDa stage. NDUFB10 was identified together with three other complex I subunits as a substrate of the intermembrane space oxidoreductase CHCHD4 (also known as Mia40). We found that during its mitochondrial import and maturation NDUFB10 transiently interacts with CHCHD4 and acquires disulfide bonds. The mutation of cysteine residue 107 in NDUFB10 impaired oxidation and efficient mitochondrial accumulation of the protein and resulted in degradation of non-imported precursors. Our findings indicate that mutations in NDUFB10 are a novel cause of complex I deficiency associated with a late stage assembly defect and emphasize the role of intermembrane space proteins for the efficient assembly of complex I.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marisa W. Friederich
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Alican J. Erdogan
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Curtis R. Coughlin
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mihret T. Elos
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Hua Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Courtney P. O’Rourke
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mark A. Lovell
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pathology, Children’s Hospital of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Eric Wartchow
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pathology, Children’s Hospital of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Katherine Gowan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kathryn C. Chatfield
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Cardiology, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Wallace S. Chick
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Elaine B. Spector
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Johan L.K. Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jan Riemer
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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23
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Simon MT, Ng BG, Friederich MW, Wang RY, Boyer M, Kircher M, Collard R, Buckingham KJ, Chang R, Shendure J, Nickerson DA, Bamshad MJ, Van Hove JLK, Freeze HH, Abdenur JE. Activation of a cryptic splice site in the mitochondrial elongation factor GFM1 causes combined OXPHOS deficiency. Mitochondrion 2017; 34:84-90. [PMID: 28216230 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We report the clinical, biochemical, and molecular findings in two brothers with encephalopathy and multi-systemic disease. Abnormal transferrin glycoforms were suggestive of a type I congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG). While exome sequencing was negative for CDG related candidate genes, the testing revealed compound heterozygous mutations in the mitochondrial elongation factor G gene (GFM1). One of the mutations had been reported previously while the second, novel variant was found deep in intron 6, activating a cryptic splice site. Functional studies demonstrated decreased GFM1 protein levels, suggested disrupted assembly of mitochondrial complexes III and V and decreased activities of mitochondrial complexes I and IV, all indicating combined OXPHOS deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariella T Simon
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, USA; Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Bobby G Ng
- Human Genetics Program, Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Raymond Y Wang
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Monica Boyer
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Martin Kircher
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Renata Collard
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kati J Buckingham
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Richard Chang
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jay Shendure
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Michael J Bamshad
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Hudson H Freeze
- Human Genetics Program, Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jose E Abdenur
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
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24
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Bennett B, Helbling D, Meng H, Jarzembowski J, Geurts AM, Friederich MW, Van Hove JLK, Lawlor MW, Dimmock DP. Potentially diagnostic electron paramagnetic resonance spectra elucidate the underlying mechanism of mitochondrial dysfunction in the deoxyguanosine kinase deficient rat model of a genetic mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome. Free Radic Biol Med 2016; 92:141-151. [PMID: 26773591 PMCID: PMC5047058 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 01/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A novel rat model for a well-characterized human mitochondrial disease, mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome with associated deoxyguanosine kinase (DGUOK) deficiency, is described. The rat model recapitulates the pathologic and biochemical signatures of the human disease. The application of electron paramagnetic (spin) resonance (EPR) spectroscopy to the identification and characterization of respiratory chain abnormalities in the mitochondria from freshly frozen tissue of the mitochondrial disease model rat is introduced. EPR is shown to be a sensitive technique for detecting mitochondrial functional abnormalities in situ and, here, is particularly useful in characterizing the redox state changes and oxidative stress that can result from depressed expression and/or diminished specific activity of the distinct respiratory chain complexes. As EPR requires no sample preparation or non-physiological reagents, it provides information on the status of the mitochondrion as it was in the functioning state. On its own, this information is of use in identifying respiratory chain dysfunction; in conjunction with other techniques, the information from EPR shows how the respiratory chain is affected at the molecular level by the dysfunction. It is proposed that EPR has a role in mechanistic pathophysiological studies of mitochondrial disease and could be used to study the impact of new treatment modalities or as an additional diagnostic tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Bennett
- National Biomedical EPR Center, Department of Biophysics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Daniel Helbling
- Human Molecular Genetics Center and Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Hui Meng
- Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Jason Jarzembowski
- Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Aron M Geurts
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Mailstop 8400, 13121 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Mailstop 8400, 13121 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
| | - Michael W Lawlor
- Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
| | - David P Dimmock
- Human Molecular Genetics Center and Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
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25
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Bjoraker KJ, Swanson MA, Coughlin CR, Christodoulou J, Tan ES, Fergeson M, Dyack S, Ahmad A, Friederich MW, Spector EB, Creadon-Swindell G, Hodge MA, Gaughan S, Burns C, Van Hove JLK. Neurodevelopmental Outcome and Treatment Efficacy of Benzoate and Dextromethorphan in Siblings with Attenuated Nonketotic Hyperglycinemia. J Pediatr 2016; 170:234-9. [PMID: 26749113 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of sodium benzoate and dextromethorphan treatment on patients with the attenuated form of nonketotic hyperglycinemia. STUDY DESIGN Families were recruited with 2 siblings both affected with attenuated nonketotic hyperglycinemia. Genetic mutations were expressed to identify residual activity. The outcome on developmental progress and seizures was compared between the first child diagnosed and treated late with the second child diagnosed at birth and treated aggressively from the newborn period using dextromethorphan and benzoate at dosing sufficient to normalize plasma glycine levels. Both siblings were evaluated with similar standardized neurodevelopmental measures. RESULTS In each sibling set, the second sibling treated from the neonatal period achieved earlier and more developmental milestones, and had a higher developmental quotient. In 3 of the 4 sibling pairs, the younger sibling had no seizures whereas the first child had a seizure disorder. The adaptive behavior subdomains of socialization and daily living skills improved more than motor skills and communication. CONCLUSIONS Early treatment with dextromethorphan and sodium benzoate sufficient to normalize plasma glycine levels is effective at improving outcome if used in children with attenuated disease with mutations providing residual activity and when started from the neonatal period.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - John Christodoulou
- Western Sydney Genetics Program, Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Disciplines of Pediatrics and Child Health and Genetic Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ee S Tan
- Western Sydney Genetics Program, Children's Hospital at Westmead, and Disciplines of Pediatrics and Child Health and Genetic Medicine, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark Fergeson
- Department of Pediatrics, Oklahoma University, Oklahoma City, OK
| | - Sarah Dyack
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Ayesha Ahmad
- Division of Pediatric Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | | | | | | | - M Antoinette Hodge
- Child Development Unit, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sommer Gaughan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
| | - Casey Burns
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO
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26
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Friederich MW, Coughlin CR, O'Rourke C, Lovell MA, Gowan K, Van Hove JL. Mutations in NDUFB10 result in isolated complex I deficiency due to incomplete assembly of complex I holoenzyme. Mitochondrion 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2015.07.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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27
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Ferdinandusse S, Friederich MW, Burlina A, Ruiter JPN, Coughlin CR, Dishop MK, Gallagher RC, Bedoyan JK, Vaz FM, Waterham HR, Gowan K, Chatfield K, Bloom K, Bennett MJ, Elpeleg O, Van Hove JLK, Wanders RJA. Clinical and biochemical characterization of four patients with mutations in ECHS1. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2015; 10:79. [PMID: 26081110 PMCID: PMC4474341 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-015-0290-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short-chain enoyl-CoA hydratase (SCEH, encoded by ECHS1) catalyzes hydration of 2-trans-enoyl-CoAs to 3(S)-hydroxy-acyl-CoAs. SCEH has a broad substrate specificity and is believed to play an important role in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and in the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids. Recently, the first patients with SCEH deficiency have been reported revealing only a defect in valine catabolism. We investigated the role of SCEH in fatty acid and branched-chain amino acid metabolism in four newly identified patients. In addition, because of the Leigh-like presentation, we studied enzymes involved in bioenergetics. METHODS Metabolite, enzymatic, protein and genetic analyses were performed in four patients, including two siblings. Palmitate loading studies in fibroblasts were performed to study mitochondrial β-oxidation. In addition, enoyl-CoA hydratase activity was measured with crotonyl-CoA, methacrylyl-CoA, tiglyl-CoA and 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA both in fibroblasts and liver to further study the role of SCEH in different metabolic pathways. Analyses of pyruvate dehydrogenase and respiratory chain complexes were performed in multiple tissues of two patients. RESULTS All patients were either homozygous or compound heterozygous for mutations in the ECHS1 gene, had markedly reduced SCEH enzymatic activity and protein level in fibroblasts. All patients presented with lactic acidosis. The first two patients presented with vacuolating leukoencephalopathy and basal ganglia abnormalities. The third patient showed a slow neurodegenerative condition with global brain atrophy and the fourth patient showed Leigh-like lesions with a single episode of metabolic acidosis. Clinical picture and metabolite analysis were not consistent with a mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation disorder, which was supported by the normal palmitate loading test in fibroblasts. Patient fibroblasts displayed deficient hydratase activity with different substrates tested. Pyruvate dehydrogenase activity was markedly reduced in particular in muscle from the most severely affected patients, which was caused by reduced expression of E2 protein, whereas E2 mRNA was increased. CONCLUSIONS Despite its activity towards substrates from different metabolic pathways, SCEH appears to be only crucial in valine metabolism, but not in isoleucine metabolism, and only of limited importance for mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. In severely affected patients SCEH deficiency can cause a secondary pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency contributing to the clinical presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sacha Ferdinandusse
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, AZ, 1105, The Netherlands.
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Alberto Burlina
- Department of Paediatrics, Division of Metabolic Diseases, University Hospital of Padua, Padua, Italy.
| | - Jos P N Ruiter
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, AZ, 1105, The Netherlands.
| | - Curtis R Coughlin
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Megan K Dishop
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Renata C Gallagher
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Jirair K Bedoyan
- Center for Inherited Disorders of Energy Metabolism (CIDEM), University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. .,Departments of Genetics and Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
| | - Frédéric M Vaz
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, AZ, 1105, The Netherlands.
| | - Hans R Waterham
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, AZ, 1105, The Netherlands.
| | - Katherine Gowan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Kathryn Chatfield
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Kaitlyn Bloom
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, U74SA, USA.
| | - Michael J Bennett
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, U74SA, USA.
| | - Orly Elpeleg
- Monique and Jacques Roboh Department of Genetic Research, Hadassah, Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA.
| | - Ronald J A Wanders
- Departments of Clinical Chemistry and Pediatrics, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, AZ, 1105, The Netherlands.
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28
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Coughlin CR, Scharer GH, Friederich MW, Yu HC, Geiger EA, Creadon-Swindell G, Collins AE, Vanlander AV, Coster RV, Powell CA, Swanson MA, Minczuk M, Van Hove JLK, Shaikh TH. Mutations in the mitochondrial cysteinyl-tRNA synthase gene, CARS2, lead to a severe epileptic encephalopathy and complex movement disorder. J Med Genet 2015; 52:532-40. [PMID: 25787132 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2015-103049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial disease is often suspected in cases of severe epileptic encephalopathy especially when a complex movement disorder, liver involvement and progressive developmental regression are present. Although mutations in either mitochondrial DNA or POLG are often present, other nuclear defects in mitochondrial DNA replication and protein translation have been associated with a severe epileptic encephalopathy. METHODS AND RESULTS We identified a proband with an epileptic encephalopathy, complex movement disorder and a combined mitochondrial respiratory chain enzyme deficiency. The child presented with neurological regression, complex movement disorder and intractable seizures. A combined deficiency of mitochondrial complexes I, III and IV was noted in liver tissue, along with increased mitochondrial DNA content in skeletal muscle. Incomplete assembly of complex V, using blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic analysis and complex I, using western blotting, suggested a disorder of mitochondrial transcription or translation. Exome sequencing identified compound heterozygous mutations in CARS2, a mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase. Both mutations affect highly conserved amino acids located within the functional ligase domain of the cysteinyl-tRNA synthase. A specific decrease in the amount of charged mt-tRNA(Cys) was detected in patient fibroblasts compared with controls. Retroviral transfection of the wild-type CARS2 into patient skin fibroblasts led to the correction of the incomplete assembly of complex V, providing functional evidence for the role of CARS2 mutations in disease aetiology. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that mutations in CARS2 result in a mitochondrial translational defect as seen in individuals with mitochondrial epileptic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis R Coughlin
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Gunter H Scharer
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Hung-Chun Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Geiger
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Geralyn Creadon-Swindell
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Abigail E Collins
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Neurology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Arnaud V Vanlander
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rudy Van Coster
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Michael A Swanson
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | | | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Tamim H Shaikh
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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29
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Chatfield KC, Coughlin CR, Friederich MW, Gallagher RC, Hesselberth JR, Lovell MA, Ofman R, Swanson MA, Thomas JA, Wanders RJA, Wartchow EP, Van Hove JLK. Mitochondrial energy failure in HSD10 disease is due to defective mtDNA transcript processing. Mitochondrion 2015; 21:1-10. [PMID: 25575635 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Muscle, heart and liver were analyzed in a male subject who succumbed to HSD10 disease. Respiratory chain enzyme analysis and BN-PAGE showed reduced activities and assembly of complexes I, III, IV, and V. The mRNAs of all RNase P subunits were preserved in heart and overexpressed in muscle, but MRPP2 protein was severely decreased. RNase P upregulation correlated with increased expression of mitochondrial biogenesis factors and preserved mitochondrial enzymes in muscle, but not in heart where this compensatory mechanism was incomplete. We demonstrate elevated amounts of unprocessed pre-tRNAs and mRNA transcripts encoding mitochondrial subunits indicating deficient RNase P activity. This study provides evidence of abnormal mitochondrial RNA processing causing mitochondrial energy failure in HSD10 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn C Chatfield
- Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Colorado, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Curtis R Coughlin
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Renata C Gallagher
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jay R Hesselberth
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Program in Molecular Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mark A Lovell
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rob Ofman
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael A Swanson
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Janet A Thomas
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Ronald J A Wanders
- Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eric P Wartchow
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA.
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30
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Baker PR, Friederich MW, Swanson MA, Shaikh T, Bhattacharya K, Scharer GH, Aicher J, Creadon-Swindell G, Geiger E, MacLean KN, Lee WT, Deshpande C, Freckmann ML, Shih LY, Wasserstein M, Rasmussen MB, Lund AM, Procopis P, Cameron JM, Robinson BH, Brown GK, Brown RM, Compton AG, Dieckmann CL, Collard R, Coughlin CR, Spector E, Wempe MF, Van Hove JLK. Variant non ketotic hyperglycinemia is caused by mutations in LIAS, BOLA3 and the novel gene GLRX5. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 137:366-79. [PMID: 24334290 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awt328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Patients with nonketotic hyperglycinemia and deficient glycine cleavage enzyme activity, but without mutations in AMT, GLDC or GCSH, the genes encoding its constituent proteins, constitute a clinical group which we call 'variant nonketotic hyperglycinemia'. We hypothesize that in some patients the aetiology involves genetic mutations that result in a deficiency of the cofactor lipoate, and sequenced genes involved in lipoate synthesis and iron-sulphur cluster biogenesis. Of 11 individuals identified with variant nonketotic hyperglycinemia, we were able to determine the genetic aetiology in eight patients and delineate the clinical and biochemical phenotypes. Mutations were identified in the genes for lipoate synthase (LIAS), BolA type 3 (BOLA3), and a novel gene glutaredoxin 5 (GLRX5). Patients with GLRX5-associated variant nonketotic hyperglycinemia had normal development with childhood-onset spastic paraplegia, spinal lesion, and optic atrophy. Clinical features of BOLA3-associated variant nonketotic hyperglycinemia include severe neurodegeneration after a period of normal development. Additional features include leukodystrophy, cardiomyopathy and optic atrophy. Patients with lipoate synthase-deficient variant nonketotic hyperglycinemia varied in severity from mild static encephalopathy to Leigh disease and cortical involvement. All patients had high serum and borderline elevated cerebrospinal fluid glycine and cerebrospinal fluid:plasma glycine ratio, and deficient glycine cleavage enzyme activity. They had low pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme activity but most did not have lactic acidosis. Patients were deficient in lipoylation of mitochondrial proteins. There were minimal and inconsistent changes in cellular iron handling, and respiratory chain activity was unaffected. Identified mutations were phylogenetically conserved, and transfection with native genes corrected the biochemical deficiency proving pathogenicity. Treatments of cells with lipoate and with mitochondrially-targeted lipoate were unsuccessful at correcting the deficiency. The recognition of variant nonketotic hyperglycinemia is important for physicians evaluating patients with abnormalities in glycine as this will affect the genetic causation and genetic counselling, and provide prognostic information on the expected phenotypic course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Baker
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, 80045, USA
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31
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Wray CD, Friederich MW, du Sart D, Pantaleo S, Smet J, Kucera C, Fenton L, Scharer G, Van Coster R, Van Hove JLK. A new mutation in MT-ND1 m.3928G>C p.V208L causes Leigh disease with infantile spasms. Mitochondrion 2013; 13:656-61. [PMID: 24063851 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2013.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
New mutations in mitochondrial DNA encoded genes of complex I are rarely reported. An infant developed Leigh disease with infantile spasms. Complex I enzyme activity was deficient and response to increasing coenzyme Q concentrations was reduced. Complex I assembly was intact. A new mutation in MT-ND1 m.3928G>C p.V208L, affecting a conserved amino acid in a critical domain, part of the coenzyme Q binding pocket, was present at high heteroplasmy. The unaffected mother did not carry measurable mutant mitochondrial DNA, but concern remained for gonadal mosaicism. Prenatal testing was possible for a subsequent sibling. The ND1 p.V208L mutation causes Leigh disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carter D Wray
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, 13121 East 17th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA; Division of Pediatric Neurology, Oregon Health Sciences Center, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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32
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Abstract
The study of RNA structure using x-ray crystallography or NMR has yielded a wealth of detailed structural information; however, such approaches do not generally yield quantitative information regarding long-range flexibility in solution. To address this issue, we describe a solution-based method that is capable of characterizing the global flexibilities of nonhelix elements in RNA, provided that such elements are flanked by helix (e.g., bulges, internal loops, or branches). The "phased tau ratio" method is based on the principle that, for RNA molecules possessing two variably phased bends, the relative birefringence decay times depend on the flexibility of each bend, not simply the mean bend angles. The method is used to examine the overall flexibility of the yeast tRNAPhe core (as unmodified transcript). In the presence of magnesium ions, the tRNA core is not significantly more flexible than an equivalent length of RNA helix. In the absence of divalent ions, the tRNA core gains flexibility under conditions where its secondary structure is likely to be largely preserved. The phased tau ratio approach should be broadly applicable to nonhelix elements in both RNA and DNA and to protein-nucleic acid interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Friederich
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA
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Friederich MW, Hagerman PJ. The angle between the anticodon and aminoacyl acceptor stems of yeast tRNA(Phe) is strongly modulated by magnesium ions. Biochemistry 1997; 36:6090-9. [PMID: 9166779 DOI: 10.1021/bi970066f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Many tRNAs undergo tertiary folding transitions at temperatures well below the main thermally induced (hyperchromic) transition. Such transitions are essentially isochromic and isoenthalpic and display an absolute requirement for divalent cations; however, the nature of the structural transition is not known for any tRNA. Using a combination of transient electric birefringence (TEB) and gel electrophoretic measurements, we have characterized the influence of magnesium ions on the apparent angle between the anticodon and acceptor stems of a yeast tRNA(Phe) construct. TEB is a particularly sensitive method for quantifying the bends introduced in RNA by various nonhelix elements. In the current instance, the tRNA construct comprises an unmodified tRNA(Phe) molecule in which the anticodon and acceptor stems have been extended by approximately 70 bp to more effectively "report" the interstem angles. Upon the addition of sub-millimolar concentrations of magnesium ions, the tRNA core undergoes a substantial rearrangement in tertiary structure, passing from an open form with an apparent interstem angle of approximately 150 degrees to a conformation with an interstem angle of approximately 70 degrees (200 microM Mg2+). Further addition of magnesium ions results in a minor adjustment of the apparent interstem angle to approximately 80-90 degrees, in line with earlier results. Finally, the magnesium-induced structural transition is essentially isochromic, in agreement with previous observations with native tRNAs. The current results suggest that changes in local divalent ion concentration in the ribosome could profoundly affect the global conformations of tRNAs during the translation cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Friederich
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Genetics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA
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Abstract
Transfer RNAs possess highly conserved secondary structures, and crystallographic studies suggest a common, L-shaped tertiary conformation in which the anticodon and acceptor stems are disposed at approximately right angles to one another. However, many animal mitochondrial tRNAs possess unusual secondary structures, and little is known regarding their tertiary conformations, in particular, the relative orientations of their acceptor and anticodon stems. To address this issue, we have constructed heteroduplex RNA molecules corresponding to human mitochondrial and cytoplasmic lysyl tRNAs in which the acceptor and anticodon stems of each tRNA have been extended by approximately 70 base pairs. The rotational decay times of the two "extended" tRNA(Lys) species were compared to the decay times of a linear RNA control and to an extended yeast cytoplasmic tRNA(Phe) species whose interstem angle had been reported previously. Whereas the apparent interstem angle of the human cytoplasmic tRNA(Lys) species is essentially identical to that of the yeast tRNA(Phe) heteroduplex, with both conforming to the canonical L-shape, the angle for the mitochondrial tRNA(Lys) construct is much larger (approximately 140 degrees). Thus, the universal L-shape may not be applicable to noncanonical mitochondrial tRNAs, a finding of significance for both tRNA evolution and mitochondrial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Leehey
- Department of Neurology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA
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Friederich MW, Gast FU, Vacano E, Hagerman PJ. Determination of the angle between the anticodon and aminoacyl acceptor stems of yeast phenylalanyl tRNA in solution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1995; 92:4803-7. [PMID: 7761403 PMCID: PMC41795 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.92.11.4803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A principal feature of the crystal structures of tRNAs is an L-shaped tertiary conformation in which the aminoacyl acceptor stem and the anticodon stem are approximately perpendicular. However, the anticodon-acceptor interstem angle has not been precisely quantified in solution for any tRNA. Such a determination would represent an important test of the predicted global conformation of tRNAs in solution. To this end, we have constructed a yeast tRNA(Phe) heteroduplex RNA molecule in which the anticodon and acceptor stems of the tRNA have each been extended by approximately 70 base pairs. A comparison of the rotational decay times of the heteroduplex molecule and a linear control yields an interstem angle of 89 +/- 4 degrees in 4 mM magnesium chloride/100 microM spermine hydrochloride, essentially identical to the corresponding angle observed in the crystal under similar buffer and temperature conditions. The current approach is applicable to the study of a wide variety of RNA molecules that possess elements of nonhelical structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Friederich
- Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Genetics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA
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36
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Abstract
The effect of foot-shock on the noxious-evoked activity of rostral ventral medulla (RVM) neurons was investigated in anesthetized rats. Neurons were first classified as on-cells if they fired faster during noxious pinch or as off-cells if they fired slower. Exposure to a 20 Hz squarewave at 2.5 or 3.5 mA administered for two minutes decreased the noxious-evoked responses of both cell types: on-cells showed a reduced increase in firing, while off-cells showed a reduced decrease in firing. The results indicate that stress-induced analgesia is accompanied by alterations in the activity of on- and off-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Friederich
- Department of Psychology, Brown University, Schrier Research Laboratory, Providence, RI 02912
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Abstract
Cell bodies in the head of the caudate nucleus that synthesize prodynorphin peptides form a substantial projection to the substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNR). The discovery of this pathway suggested an involvement of prodynorphin products in motor control. The effects of unilateral nigral microinjections of prodynorphin products were tested in an in vivo circling model. Dynorphin (1-8), dynorphin (1-7), dynorphin (1-6), dynorphin (2-17) (des-Tyr-dynorphin), and Leu-enkephalin induced spontaneous contralateral circling at 20 nmol doses. The effect of dynorphin (1-8) was dose dependent and was not blocked by pretreatment with naloxone or WIN 44,441-3. These findings clearly demonstrate the dynorphinergic involvement in nigral motor control which may consist of an opioid and a non-opioid component.
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Affiliation(s)
- M W Friederich
- Department of Psychology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912
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Walker JM, Thompson LA, Frascella J, Friederich MW. Opposite effects of mu and kappa opiates on the firing-rate of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra of the rat. Eur J Pharmacol 1987; 134:53-9. [PMID: 3030781 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2999(87)90130-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Single unit extracellular recording was carried out in rats to compare the actions of a mu receptor agonist (morphine) to a kappa receptor agonist (U50,488) in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNC). Intravenously administered morphine and U50,488 exhibited opposite effects: morphine excited SNC dopamine cells, and U50,488 inhibited them. Both effects were blocked by naloxone, although significantly more naloxone was necessary to block the effect of the kappa agonist. Local administration of U50,488 in the caudate also inhibited the firing of SNC dopamine cells. These results are discussed in terms of the natural functions of the prodynorphinergic straiatonigral projection.
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