1
|
Jawla N, Kar R, Patil VS, Arimbasseri GA. Inherent metabolic preferences differentially regulate the sensitivity of Th1 and Th2 cells to ribosome-inhibiting antibiotics. Immunology 2024. [PMID: 39263985 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial translation is essential to maintain mitochondrial function and energy production. Mutations in genes associated with mitochondrial translation cause several developmental disorders, and immune dysfunction is observed in many such patients. Besides genetic mutations, several antibiotics targeting bacterial ribosomes are well-established to inhibit mitochondrial translation. However, the effect of such antibiotics on different immune cells is not fully understood. Here, we addressed the differential effect of mitochondrial translation inhibition on different subsets of helper T cells (Th) of mice and humans. Inhibition of mitochondrial translation reduced the levels of mitochondrially encoded electron transport chain subunits without affecting their nuclear-encoded counterparts. As a result, mitochondrial oxygen consumption reduced dramatically, but mitochondrial mass was unaffected. Most importantly, we show that inhibition of mitochondrial translation induced apoptosis, specifically in Th2 cells. This increase in apoptosis was associated with higher expression of Bim and Puma, two activators of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis. We propose that this difference in the sensitivity of Th1 and Th2 cells to mitochondrial translation inhibition reflects the intrinsic metabolic demands of these subtypes. Though Th1 and Th2 cells exhibit similar levels of oxidative phosphorylation, Th1 cells exhibit higher levels of aerobic glycolysis than Th2 cells. Moreover, Th1 cells are more sensitive to the inhibition of glycolysis, while higher concentrations of glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose are required to induce cell death in the Th2 lineage. These observations reveal that selection of metabolic pathways for substrate utilization during differentiation of Th1 and Th2 lineages is a fundamental process conserved across species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neha Jawla
- Molecular Genetics Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
| | - Raunak Kar
- Immuno Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
| | - Veena S Patil
- Immuno Genomics Laboratory, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Čunátová K, Vrbacký M, Puertas-Frias G, Alán L, Vanišová M, Saucedo-Rodríguez MJ, Houštěk J, Fernández-Vizarra E, Neužil J, Pecinová A, Pecina P, Mráček T. Mitochondrial translation is the primary determinant of secondary mitochondrial complex I deficiencies. iScience 2024; 27:110560. [PMID: 39184436 PMCID: PMC11342289 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Individual complexes of the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS) are not linked solely by their function; they also share dependencies at the maintenance/assembly level, where one complex depends on the presence of a different individual complex. Despite the relevance of this "interdependence" behavior for mitochondrial diseases, its true nature remains elusive. To understand the mechanism that can explain this phenomenon, we examined the consequences of the aberration of different OXPHOS complexes in human cells. We demonstrate here that the complete disruption of each of the OXPHOS complexes resulted in a decrease in the complex I (cI) level and that the major reason for this is linked to the downregulation of mitochondrial ribosomal proteins. We conclude that the secondary cI defect is due to mitochondrial protein synthesis attenuation, while the responsible signaling pathways could differ based on the origin of the OXPHOS defect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristýna Čunátová
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Marek Vrbacký
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Guillermo Puertas-Frias
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lukáš Alán
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Vanišová
- Laboratory for Study of Mitochondrial Disorders, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, 12808 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - María José Saucedo-Rodríguez
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Houštěk
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Erika Fernández-Vizarra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Molecular Medicine, 35129 Padova, Italy
| | - Jiří Neužil
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Science, Griffith University, Southport, Qld 4222, Australia
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 25250 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Pediatrics and Inherited Diseases, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 12108 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, 12800 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Pecinová
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Pecina
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Mráček
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 14200 Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gokalp S, Inci A, Kilic A, Ozsaydi E, Altun AN, Demir F, Ergin FB, Ozbek MN, Okur I, Ezgu F, Tumer L. A very rare presentation of mitochondrial elongation factor Tu deficiency- TUFM mutation and literature review. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2024; 37:571-574. [PMID: 38630895 DOI: 10.1515/jpem-2023-0569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The mitochondrial elongation factor Tu (EF-Tu), encoded by the TUFM gene, is a GTPase, which is part of the mitochondrial protein translation mechanism. If it is activated, it delivers the aminoacyl-tRNAs to the mitochondrial ribosome. Here, a patient was described with a homozygous missense variant in the TUFM [c.1016G>A (p.Arg339Gln)] gene. To date, only six patients have been reported with bi-allelic pathogenic variants in TUFM, leading to combined oxidative phosphorylation deficiency 4 (COXPD4) characterized by severe early-onset lactic acidosis, encephalopathy, and cardiomyopathy. CASE PRESENTATION The patient presented here had the phenotypic features of TUFM-related disease, lactic acidosis, hypotonia, liver dysfunction, optic atrophy, and mild encephalopathy. CONCLUSIONS We aimed to expand the clinical spectrum of pathogenic variants of TUFM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabire Gokalp
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Disorders, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Asli Inci
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Disorders, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ayse Kilic
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Disorders, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ekin Ozsaydi
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Disorders, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Ayse Nur Altun
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Disorders, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Fevzi Demir
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Disorders, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Filiz Basak Ergin
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Disorders, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Nuri Ozbek
- Department of Pediatrics, Dicle University Faculty of Medicine, Diyarbakır, Türkiye
| | - Ilyas Okur
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Disorders, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Fatih Ezgu
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Disorders, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Leyla Tumer
- Department of Pediatric Metabolic Disorders, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dorogova NV, Fedorova SA, Bolobolova EU, Baricheva EM. The misregulation of mitochondria-associated genes caused by GAGA-factor lack promotes autophagic germ cell death in Drosophila testes. Genetica 2023; 151:349-355. [PMID: 37819589 DOI: 10.1007/s10709-023-00197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The Drosophila GAGA-factor encoded by the Trithorax-like (Trl) gene is DNA-binding protein with unusually wide range of applications in diverse cell contexts. In Drosophila spermatogenesis, reduced GAGA expression caused by Trl mutations induces mass autophagy leading to germ cell death. In this work, we investigated the contribution of mitochondrial abnormalities to autophagic germ cell death in Trl gene mutants. Using a cytological approach, in combination with an analysis of high-throughput RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data, we demonstrated that the GAGA deficiency led to considerable defects in mitochondrial ultrastructure, by causing misregulation of GAGA target genes encoding essential components of mitochondrial molecular machinery. Mitochondrial anomalies induced excessive production of reactive oxygen species and their release into the cytoplasm, thereby provoking oxidative stress. Changes in transcription levels of some GAGA-independent genes in the Trl mutants indicated that testis cells experience ATP deficiency and metabolic aberrations, that may trigger extensive autophagy progressing to cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Dorogova
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation.
| | - Svetlana A Fedorova
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Elena U Bolobolova
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
| | - Elina M Baricheva
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), Prospekt Lavrentyeva 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mori A, Uehara L, Toyoda Y, Masuda F, Soejima S, Saitoh S, Yanagida M. In fission yeast, 65 non-essential mitochondrial proteins related to respiration and stress become essential in low-glucose conditions. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:230404. [PMID: 37859837 PMCID: PMC10582590 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.230404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria perform critical functions, including respiration, ATP production, small molecule metabolism, and anti-oxidation, and they are involved in a number of human diseases. While the mitochondrial genome contains a small number of protein-coding genes, the vast majority of mitochondrial proteins are encoded by nuclear genes. In fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, we screened 457 deletion (del) mutants deficient in nuclear-encoded mitochondrial proteins, searching for those that fail to form colonies in culture medium containing low glucose (0.03-0.1%; low-glucose sensitive, lgs), but that proliferate in regular 2-3% glucose medium. Sixty-five (14%) of the 457 deletion mutants displayed the lgs phenotype. Thirty-three of them are defective either in dehydrogenases, subunits of respiratory complexes, the citric acid cycle, or in one of the nine steps of the CoQ10 biosynthetic pathway. The remaining 32 lgs mutants do not seem to be directly related to respiration. Fifteen are implicated in translation, and six encode transporters. The remaining 11 function in anti-oxidation, amino acid synthesis, repair of DNA damage, microtubule cytoskeleton, intracellular mitochondrial distribution or unknown functions. These 32 diverse lgs genes collectively maintain mitochondrial functions under low (1/20-1/60× normal) glucose concentrations. Interestingly, 30 of them have homologues associated with human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Mori
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Tancha 1919-1, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Lisa Uehara
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Tancha 1919-1, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| | - Yusuke Toyoda
- Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Fumie Masuda
- Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Saeko Soejima
- Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Saitoh
- Institute of Life Science, Kurume University, Asahi-machi 67, Kurume, Fukuoka 830-0011, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Yanagida
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Tancha 1919-1, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun Q, Shi L, Li S, Li J, Zhang R, Huang X, Shao Y, Feng Z, Peng Y, Yang Z, Liu J, Liu H, Long J. PET117 assembly factor stabilizes translation activator TACO1 thereby upregulates mitochondria-encoded cytochrome C oxidase 1 synthesis. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 205:13-24. [PMID: 37247699 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome c oxidase, also known as complex IV, facilitates the transfer of electrons from cytochrome c to molecular oxygen, resulting in the production of ATP. The assembly of complex IV is a tightly regulated and intricate process that entails the coordinated synthesis and integration of subunits encoded by the mitochondria and nucleus into a functional complex. Accurate regulation of translation is crucial for maintaining proper mitochondrial function, and defects in this process can lead to a wide range of mitochondrial disorders and diseases. However, the mechanisms governing mRNA translation by mitoribosomes in mammals remain largely unknown. In this study, we elucidate the critical role of PET117, a chaperone protein involved in complex IV assembly, in the regulation of mitochondria-encoded cytochrome c oxidase 1 (COX1) protein synthesis in human cells. Depletion of PET117 reduced mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate and impaired mitochondrial function. PET117 was found to interact with and stabilize translational activator of COX1 (TACO1) and prevent its ubiquitination. TACO1 overexpression rescued the inhibitory effects on mitochondria caused by PET117 deficiency. These findings provide evidence for a novel PET117-TACO1 axis in the regulation of mitochondrial protein expression, and revealed a previously unknown role of PET117 in human cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Sun
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Le Shi
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Shuaijun Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Jialu Li
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Ruifen Zhang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Xinghuai Huang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Yongping Shao
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Zhihui Feng
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Yunhua Peng
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Zhiwei Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China
| | - Huadong Liu
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, 266071, China.
| | - Jiangang Long
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Del Giudice L, Pontieri P, Aletta M, Calcagnile M. Mitochondrial Neurodegenerative Diseases: Three Mitochondrial Ribosomal Proteins as Intermediate Stage in the Pathway That Associates Damaged Genes with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:972. [PMID: 37508402 PMCID: PMC10376763 DOI: 10.3390/biology12070972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Currently, numerous research endeavors are dedicated to unraveling the intricate nature of neurodegenerative diseases. These conditions are characterized by the gradual and progressive impairment of specific neuronal systems that exhibit anatomical or physiological connections. In particular, in the last twenty years, remarkable efforts have been made to elucidate neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. However, despite extensive research endeavors, no cure or effective treatment has been discovered thus far. With the emergence of studies shedding light on the contribution of mitochondria to the onset and advancement of mitochondrial neurodegenerative disorders, researchers are now directing their investigations toward the development of therapies. These therapies include molecules designed to protect mitochondria and neurons from the detrimental effects of aging, as well as mutant proteins. Our objective is to discuss and evaluate the recent discovery of three mitochondrial ribosomal proteins linked to Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. These proteins represent an intermediate stage in the pathway connecting damaged genes to the two mitochondrial neurological pathologies. This discovery potentially could open new avenues for the production of medicinal substances with curative potential for the treatment of these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Del Giudice
- Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse-UOS Napoli-CNR c/o Dipartimento di Biologia, Sezione di Igiene, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | - Paola Pontieri
- Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse-UOS Napoli-CNR c/o Dipartimento di Biologia, Sezione di Igiene, 80134 Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Calcagnile
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali, Università del Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kobayashi A, Takeiwa T, Ikeda K, Inoue S. Roles of Noncoding RNAs in Regulation of Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain and Oxidative Phosphorylation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9414. [PMID: 37298366 PMCID: PMC10253563 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) plays an essential role in energy production by inducing oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to drive numerous biochemical processes in eukaryotic cells. Disorders of ETC and OXPHOS systems are associated with mitochondria- and metabolism-related diseases, including cancers; thus, a comprehensive understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of ETC and OXPHOS systems is required. Recent studies have indicated that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) play key roles in mitochondrial functions; in particular, some ncRNAs have been shown to modulate ETC and OXPHOS systems. In this review, we introduce the emerging roles of ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), transfer-RNA-derived fragments (tRFs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), in the mitochondrial ETC and OXPHOS regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ami Kobayashi
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 60 Fenwood Rd., Boston, MA 02115, USA;
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan;
| | - Toshihiko Takeiwa
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan;
| | - Kazuhiro Ikeda
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka 350-1241, Japan;
| | - Satoshi Inoue
- Department of Systems Aging Science and Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan;
- Division of Systems Medicine & Gene Therapy, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka 350-1241, Japan;
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ji X, Chu L, Su D, Sun J, Song P, Sun S, Wang Y, Mu Q, Liu Y, Wan Q. MRPL12-ANT3 interaction involves in acute kidney injury via regulating MPTP of tubular epithelial cells. iScience 2023; 26:106656. [PMID: 37182101 PMCID: PMC10173734 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious disease with no effective treatment. Abnormal opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) is an important pathological process in ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI), the key factor of AKI. It is essential to elucidate MPTP regulation mechanism. Here, we identified mitochondrial ribosomal protein L7/L12 (MRPL12) specifically binds to adenosine nucleotide translocase 3 (ANT3) under normal physiological conditions, stabilizes MPTP and maintains mitochondrial membrane homeostasis in renal tubular epithelial cells (TECs). During AKI, MRPL12 expression was significantly decreased in TECs, and MRPL12-ANT3 interaction was reduced, leading to ANT3 conformation change, MPTP abnormal opening, and cell apoptosis. Importantly, MRPL12 overexpression protected TECs from MPTP abnormal opening and apoptosis during hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). Our results suggest MRPL12-ANT3 axis involves in AKI by regulating MPTP, and MRPL12 could be potential intervention target for treatment of AKI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhao Ji
- Center of Cell Metabolism and Disease, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Lingju Chu
- Center of Cell Metabolism and Disease, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism in Medical and Health of Shandong Provincial Health Commission, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Dun Su
- Center of Cell Metabolism and Disease, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism in Medical and Health of Shandong Provincial Health Commission, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Shengnan Sun
- Center of Cell Metabolism and Disease, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism in Medical and Health of Shandong Provincial Health Commission, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Qian Mu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Infections Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Corresponding author
| | - Qiang Wan
- Center of Cell Metabolism and Disease, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Metabolism in Medical and Health of Shandong Provincial Health Commission, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
- Corresponding author
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang X, Li J, Zhang Y, Gao M, Peng T, Tian T. AARS2-Related Leukodystrophy: a Case Report and Literature Review. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 22:59-69. [PMID: 35084689 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-022-01369-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in the alanyl-transfer RNA synthase 2 (AARS2) represent a heterogenous group of autosomal recessive leukodystrophy characterized by cognitive decline, ataxia, spasticity, and Parkinsonism. AARS2-related leukodystrophy (AARS2-L) is extremely rare. To date, only 45 genetically confirmed cases, explaining the frequent diagnostic delay. Here, we report a 21-year-old male presented with unsteady gait and weakness in the bilateral lower extremities. Examination revealed dysarthria, cerebellar ataxia, paraparesis, and Parkinsonism with generalized hyperreflexia. MRI findings showed extensive white matter lesions in bilateral frontoparietal lobes, immediate periventricular regions, and corpus callosum. Focused exome sequencing revealed compound heterozygous mutations in the AARS2 gene confirming the diagnosis of AARS2-L; two heterogeneous missense mutations (c.452 T > C, p. M151T; c. 2557C > T, p. R853W) appeared together for the first time. We also reviewed phenotypic spectra of AARS2-related leukodystrophies from a total of 45 reported cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Neurology, Nanyang Central Hospital, Nanyang, Henan, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Meina Gao
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tao Peng
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hettige P, Tahir U, Nishikawa KC, Gage MJ. Transcriptomic profiles of muscular dystrophy with myositis (mdm) in extensor digitorum longus, psoas, and soleus muscles from mice. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:657. [PMID: 36115951 PMCID: PMC9482285 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08873-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Titinopathies are inherited muscular diseases triggered by genetic mutations in the titin gene. Muscular dystrophy with myositis (mdm) is one such disease caused by a LINE repeat insertion, leading to exon skipping and an 83-amino acid residue deletion in the N2A-PEVK region of mouse titin. This region has been implicated in a number of titin—titin ligand interactions, hence are important for myocyte signaling and health. Mice with this mdm mutation develop a severe and progressive muscle degeneration. The range of phenotypic differences observed in mdm mice shows that the deletion of this region induces a cascade of transcriptional changes extending to numerous signaling pathways affected by the titin filament. Previous research has focused on correlating phenotypic differences with muscle function in mdm mice. These studies have provided understanding of the downstream physiological effects resulting from the mdm mutation but only provide insights on processes that can be physiologically observed and measured. We used differential gene expression (DGE) to compare the transcriptomes of extensor digitorum longus (EDL), psoas and soleus muscles from wild-type and mdm mice to develop a deeper understand of these tissue-specific responses. Results The overall expression pattern observed shows a well-differentiated transcriptional signature in mdm muscles compared to wild type. Muscle-specific clusters observed within the mdm transcriptome highlight the level of variability of each muscle to the deletion. Differential gene expression and weighted gene co-expression network analysis showed a strong directional response in oxidative respiration-associated mitochondrial genes, which aligns with the poor shivering and non-shivering thermogenesis previously observed. Sln, which is a marker associated with shivering and non-shivering thermogenesis, showed the strongest expression change in fast-fibered muscles. No drastic changes in MYH expression levels were reported, which indicated an absence of major fiber-type switching events. Overall expression shifts in MYH isoforms, MARPs, and extracellular matrix associated genes demonstrated the transcriptional complexity associated with mdm mutation. The expression alterations in mitochondrial respiration and metabolism related genes in the mdm muscle dominated over other transcriptomic changes, and likely account for the late stage cellular responses in the mdm muscles. Conclusions We were able to demonstrate that the complex nature of mdm mutation extends beyond a simple rearrangement in titin gene. EDL, psoas and soleus exemplify unique response modes observed in skeletal muscles with mdm mutation. Our data also raises the possibility that failure to maintain proper energy homeostasis in mdm muscles may contribute to the pathogenesis of the degenerative phenotype in mdm mice. Understanding the full disease-causing molecular cascade is difficult using bulk RNA sequencing techniques due to intricate nature of the disease. The development of the mdm phenotype is temporally and spatially regulated, hence future studies should focus on single fiber level investigations. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08873-2.
Collapse
|
12
|
Khan AU, Khan I, Khan MI, Latif M, Siddiqui MI, Khan SU, Htar TT, Wahid G, Ullah I, Bibi F, Khan A, Naseer MI, Seo GH, Jelani M. Whole exome sequencing identifies a novel compound heterozygous GFM1 variant underlying developmental delay, dystonia, polymicrogyria, and severe intellectual disability in a Pakhtun family. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:2693-2700. [PMID: 35703069 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial protein synthesis requires three elongation factors including EF-Tu (TUFM; OMIM 602389), EF-Ts (TSFM; OMIM 604723), and EF-G1 (GFM1; OMIM 606639). Pathogenic variants in any of these three members result in defective mitochondrial translation which can impart an oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) deficiency. In this study, we investigated a consanguineous Pakhtun Pakistani family. There were four affected siblings at the time of this study and one affected girl had died in infancy. The index patient had severe intellectual disability, global developmental delay, dystonia, no speech development, feeding difficulties, and nystagmus. MRI brain presented thinning of corpus callosum and polymicrogyria. Whole exome sequencing revealed a novel compound heterozygous variant in GFM1 located on chromosome 3q25.32. Sanger sequencing confirmed recessive segregation of the maternal (NM_001308164.1:c.409G > A; p.Val137Met) and paternal (NM_001308164.1:c.1880G > A; p.Arg627Gln) variants in all the four affected siblings. These variants are classified as "likely-pathogenic" according to the recommendation of ACMG/AMP guideline. GFM1 alterations mostly lead to severe phenotypes and the patients may die in early neonatal life; however, four of the affected siblings had survived till the ages of 10-17 years, without developing any life-threatening conditions. Mostly, in cousin marriages, the pathogenic variants are identical-by-descent, and affected siblings born to such parents are homozygous. Three homozygous variants were shortlisted in the analysis of the WES data, but Sanger sequencing did not confirm their segregation with the disease phenotype. This is the first report from Pakistan expanding pathogenicity of GFM1 gene.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Atta Ullah Khan
- Department of Medicine, Pak International Medical College Hayatabad Phase 5, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ibrar Khan
- Rare Disease Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Omic Sciences, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Latif
- Centre for Genetics and Inherited Diseases (CGID), Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Imran Siddiqui
- Radiology Department, North West General Hospital and Research Center, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Shafi Ullah Khan
- School of Pharmacy Monash University Malaysia Jalan Lagoon Selatan Bandar Sunway 47500 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Thet Thet Htar
- School of Pharmacy Monash University Malaysia Jalan Lagoon Selatan Bandar Sunway 47500 Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ghazala Wahid
- Department of Radiology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ikram Ullah
- International Islamic University, Sulaiman Bin Abdullah Aba Al-Khail Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, International Islamic University, Pakistan
| | - Fehmida Bibi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asifullah Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan (AWKUM), Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran Naseer
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Go Hun Seo
- 3billion Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea (South Korea)
| | - Musharraf Jelani
- Rare Disease Genetics and Genomics, Centre for Omic Sciences, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Kimura Y, Saito H, Osaki T, Ikegami Y, Wakigawa T, Ikeuchi Y, Iwasaki S. Mito-FUNCAT-FACS reveals cellular heterogeneity in mitochondrial translation. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 28:895-904. [PMID: 35256452 PMCID: PMC9074903 DOI: 10.1261/rna.079097.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria possess their own genome that encodes components of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes, and mitochondrial ribosomes within the organelle translate the mRNAs expressed from the mitochondrial genome. Given the differential OXPHOS activity observed in diverse cell types, cell growth conditions, and other circumstances, cellular heterogeneity in mitochondrial translation can be expected. Although individual protein products translated in mitochondria have been monitored, the lack of techniques that address the variation in overall mitochondrial protein synthesis in cell populations poses analytic challenges. Here, we adapted mitochondrial-specific fluorescent noncanonical amino acid tagging (FUNCAT) for use with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) and developed mito-FUNCAT-FACS. The click chemistry-compatible methionine analog L-homopropargylglycine (HPG) enabled the metabolic labeling of newly synthesized proteins. In the presence of cytosolic translation inhibitors, HPG was selectively incorporated into mitochondrial nascent proteins and conjugated to fluorophores via the click reaction (mito-FUNCAT). The application of in situ mito-FUNCAT to flow cytometry allowed us to separate changes in net mitochondrial translation activity from those of the organelle mass and detect variations in mitochondrial translation in cancer cells. Our approach provides a useful methodology for examining mitochondrial protein synthesis in individual cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Kimura
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- RNA Systems Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Hironori Saito
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- RNA Systems Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Osaki
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ikegami
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
| | - Taisei Wakigawa
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- RNA Systems Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshiho Ikeuchi
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan
- Institute for AI and Beyond, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Shintaro Iwasaki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
- RNA Systems Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Mitochondrial rRNA Methylation by Mettl15 Contributes to the Exercise and Learning Capability in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116056. [PMID: 35682734 PMCID: PMC9181494 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial translation is a unique relic of the symbiotic origin of the organelle. Alterations of its components cause a number of severe human diseases. Hereby we report a study of mice devoid of Mettl15 mitochondrial 12S rRNA methyltransferase, responsible for the formation of m4C839 residue (human numbering). Homozygous Mettl15−/− mice appeared to be viable in contrast to other mitochondrial rRNA methyltransferase knockouts reported earlier. The phenotype of Mettl15−/− mice is much milder than that of other mutants of mitochondrial translation apparatus. In agreement with the results obtained earlier for cell cultures with an inactivated Mettl15 gene, we observed accumulation of the RbfA factor, normally associated with the precursor of the 28S subunit, in the 55S mitochondrial ribosome fraction of knockout mice. A lack of Mettl15 leads to a lower blood glucose level after physical exercise relative to that of the wild-type mice. Mettl15−/− mice demonstrated suboptimal muscle performance and lower levels of Cox3 protein synthesized by mitoribosomes in the oxidative soleus muscles. Additionally, we detected decreased learning capabilities in the Mettl15−/− knockout mice in the tests with both positive and negative reinforcement. Such properties make Mettl15−/− knockout mice a suitable model for mild mitochondriopathies.
Collapse
|
15
|
Meseguer S, Rubio MP. mt tRFs, New Players in MELAS Disease. Front Physiol 2022; 13:800171. [PMID: 35273517 PMCID: PMC8902416 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.800171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
MELAS (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes) is an OXPHOS disease mostly caused by the m.3243A>G mutation in the mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) gene. Recently, we have shown that the mutation significantly changes the expression pattern of several mitochondrial tRNA-derived small RNAs (mt tsRNAs or mt tRFs) in a cybrid model of MELAS and in fibroblasts from MELAS patients versus control cells. Among them are those derived from mt tRNA LeuUUR containing or not the m.3243A>G mutation (mt 5′-tRF LeuUUR-m.3243A>G and mt 5′-tRF LeuUUR), whose expression levels are, respectively, increased and decreased in both MELAS cybrids and fibroblasts. Here, we asked whether mt 5′-tRF LeuUUR and mt 5′-tRF LeuUUR-m.3243A>G are biologically relevant and whether these mt tRFs are detected in diverse patient samples. Treatment with a mimic oligonucleotide of mt tRNA LeuUUR fragment (mt 5′-tRF LeuUUR) showed a therapeutic potential since it partially restored mitochondrial respiration in MELAS cybrids. Moreover, these mt tRFs could be detected in biofluids like urine and blood. We also investigated the participation of miRNA pathway components Dicer and Ago2 in the mt tRFs biogenesis process. We found that Dicer and Ago2 localize in the mitochondria of MELAS cybrids and that immunoprecipitation of these proteins in cytoplasm and mitochondria fractions revealed an increased mt tRF/mt tRNA ratio in MELAS condition compared to WT. These preliminary results suggest an involvement of Dicer and Ago2 in the mechanism of mt tRF biogenesis and action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Meseguer
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Valencia, Spain
| | - Mari-Paz Rubio
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Del Giudice L, Alifano P, Calcagnile M, Di Schiavi E, Bertapelle C, Aletta M, Pontieri P. Mitochondrial ribosomal protein genes connected with Alzheimer's and tellurite toxicity. Mitochondrion 2022; 64:45-58. [PMID: 35218961 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases are a group of genetic disorders characterized by dysfunctional mitochondria. Within eukaryotic cells, mitochondria contain their own ribosomes, which synthesize small amounts of proteins, all of which are essential for the biogenesis of the oxidative phosphorylation system. The ribosome is an evolutionarily conserved macromolecular machine in nature both from a structural and functional point of view, universally responsible for the synthesis of proteins. Among the diseases afflicting humans, those of ribosomal origin - either cytoplasmic ribosomes (80S) or mitochondrial ribosomes (70S) - are relevant. These are inherited or acquired diseases most commonly caused by either ribosomal protein haploinsufficiency or defects in ribosome biogenesis. Here we review the scientific literature about the recent advances on changes in mitochondrial ribosomal structural and assembly proteins that are implicated in primary mitochondrial diseases and neurodegenerative disorders, and their possible connection with metalloid pollution and toxicity, with a focus on MRPL44, NAM9 (MNA6) and GEP3 (MTG3), whose lack or defect was associated with resistance to tellurite. Finally, we illustrate the suitability of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (S.cerevisiae) and the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans (C.elegans) as model organisms for studying mitochondrial ribosome dysfunctions including those involved in human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Del Giudice
- Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse-UOS Napoli-CNR c/o Dipartimento di Biologia, Sezione di Igiene, Napoli 80134, Italy.
| | - Pietro Alifano
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali, Università del Salento, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | - Matteo Calcagnile
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali, Università del Salento, Lecce 73100, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Paola Pontieri
- Istituto di Bioscienze e BioRisorse-UOS Napoli-CNR c/o Dipartimento di Biologia, Sezione di Igiene, Napoli 80134, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Apostolopoulos A, Iwasaki S. Into the matrix: current methods for mitochondrial translation studies. J Biochem 2022; 171:379-387. [PMID: 35080613 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvac005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In addition to the cytoplasmic translation system, eukaryotic cells house additional protein synthesis machinery in mitochondria. The importance of this in organello translation is exemplified by clinical pathologies associated with mutations in mitochondrial translation factors. Although a detailed understanding of mitochondrial translation has long been awaited, quantitative, comprehensive, and spatiotemporal measurements have posed analytic challenges. The recent development of novel approaches for studying mitochondrial protein synthesis has overcome these issues and expands our understanding of the unique translation system. Here, we review the current technologies for the investigation of mitochondrial translation and the insights provided by their application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonios Apostolopoulos
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan.,RNA Systems Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shintaro Iwasaki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan.,RNA Systems Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lenarčič T, Niemann M, Ramrath DJF, Calderaro S, Flügel T, Saurer M, Leibundgut M, Boehringer D, Prange C, Horn EK, Schneider A, Ban N. Mitoribosomal small subunit maturation involves formation of initiation-like complexes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2114710118. [PMID: 35042777 PMCID: PMC8784144 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2114710118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) play a central role in synthesizing mitochondrial inner membrane proteins responsible for oxidative phosphorylation. Although mitoribosomes from different organisms exhibit considerable structural variations, recent insights into mitoribosome assembly suggest that mitoribosome maturation follows common principles and involves a number of conserved assembly factors. To investigate the steps involved in the assembly of the mitoribosomal small subunit (mt-SSU) we determined the cryoelectron microscopy structures of middle and late assembly intermediates of the Trypanosoma brucei mitochondrial small subunit (mt-SSU) at 3.6- and 3.7-Å resolution, respectively. We identified five additional assembly factors that together with the mitochondrial initiation factor 2 (mt-IF-2) specifically interact with functionally important regions of the rRNA, including the decoding center, thereby preventing premature mRNA or large subunit binding. Structural comparison of assembly intermediates with mature mt-SSU combined with RNAi experiments suggests a noncanonical role of mt-IF-2 and a stepwise assembly process, where modular exchange of ribosomal proteins and assembly factors together with mt-IF-2 ensure proper 9S rRNA folding and protein maturation during the final steps of assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tea Lenarčič
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Moritz Niemann
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - David J F Ramrath
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Calderaro
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Timo Flügel
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Saurer
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marc Leibundgut
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Boehringer
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Céline Prange
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elke K Horn
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - André Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nenad Ban
- Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang F, Zhang D, Zhang D, Li P, Gao Y. Mitochondrial Protein Translation: Emerging Roles and Clinical Significance in Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:675465. [PMID: 34277617 PMCID: PMC8280776 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.675465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are one of the most important organelles in cells. Mitochondria are semi-autonomous organelles with their own genetic system, and can independently replicate, transcribe, and translate mitochondrial DNA. Translation initiation, elongation, termination, and recycling of the ribosome are four stages in the process of mitochondrial protein translation. In this process, mitochondrial protein translation factors and translation activators, mitochondrial RNA, and other regulatory factors regulate mitochondrial protein translation. Mitochondrial protein translation abnormalities are associated with a variety of diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and nervous system diseases. Mutation or deletion of various mitochondrial protein translation factors and translation activators leads to abnormal mitochondrial protein translation. Mitochondrial tRNAs and mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are essential players during translation and mutations in genes encoding them represent a large fraction of mitochondrial diseases. Moreover, there is crosstalk between mitochondrial protein translation and cytoplasmic translation, and the imbalance between mitochondrial protein translation and cytoplasmic translation can affect some physiological and pathological processes. This review summarizes the regulation of mitochondrial protein translation factors, mitochondrial ribosomal proteins, mitochondrial tRNAs, and mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (mt-aaRSs) in the mitochondrial protein translation process and its relationship with diseases. The regulation of mitochondrial protein translation and cytoplasmic translation in multiple diseases is also summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Deyu Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dejiu Zhang
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yanyan Gao
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Ministry of Health, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li SHJ, Nofal M, Parsons LR, Rabinowitz JD, Gitai Z. Monitoring mammalian mitochondrial translation with MitoRiboSeq. Nat Protoc 2021; 16:2802-2825. [PMID: 33953394 PMCID: PMC8610098 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-021-00517-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Several essential components of the electron transport chain, the major producer of ATP in mammalian cells, are encoded in the mitochondrial genome. These 13 proteins are translated within mitochondria by 'mitoribosomes'. Defective mitochondrial translation underlies multiple inborn errors of metabolism and has been implicated in pathologies such as aging, metabolic syndrome and cancer. Here, we provide a detailed ribosome profiling protocol optimized to interrogate mitochondrial translation in mammalian cells (MitoRiboSeq), wherein mitoribosome footprints are generated with micrococcal nuclease and mitoribosomes are separated from cytosolic ribosomes and other RNAs by ultracentrifugation in a single straightforward step. We highlight critical steps during library preparation and provide a step-by-step guide to data analysis accompanied by open-source bioinformatic code. Our method outputs mitoribosome footprints at single-codon resolution. Codons with high footprint densities are sites of mitoribosome stalling. We recently applied this approach to demonstrate that defects in mitochondrial serine catabolism or in mitochondrial tRNA methylation cause stalling of mitoribosomes at specific codons. Our method can be applied to study basic mitochondrial biology or to characterize abnormalities in mitochondrial translation in patients with mitochondrial disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michel Nofal
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Lance R Parsons
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Joshua D Rabinowitz
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
| | - Zemer Gitai
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mazzaccara C, Mirra B, Barretta F, Caiazza M, Lombardo B, Scudiero O, Tinto N, Limongelli G, Frisso G. Molecular Epidemiology of Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy: A Search Among Mitochondrial and Nuclear Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115742. [PMID: 34072184 PMCID: PMC8197938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial Cardiomyopathy (MCM) is a common manifestation of multi-organ Mitochondrial Diseases (MDs), occasionally present in non-syndromic cases. Diagnosis of MCM is complex because of wide clinical and genetic heterogeneity and requires medical, laboratory, and neuroimaging investigations. Currently, the molecular screening for MCM is fundamental part of MDs management and allows achieving the definitive diagnosis. In this article, we review the current genetic knowledge associated with MDs, focusing on diagnosis of MCM and MDs showing cardiac involvement. We searched for publications on mitochondrial and nuclear genes involved in MCM, mainly focusing on genetic screening based on targeted gene panels for the molecular diagnosis of the MCM, by using Next Generation Sequencing. Here we report twelve case reports, four case-control studies, eleven retrospective studies, and two prospective studies, for a total of twenty-nine papers concerning the evaluation of cardiac manifestations in mitochondrial diseases. From the analysis of published causal mutations, we identified 130 genes to be associated with mitochondrial heart diseases. A large proportion of these genes (34.3%) encode for key proteins involved in the oxidative phosphorylation system (OXPHOS), either as directly OXPHOS subunits (22.8%), and as OXPHOS assembly factors (11.5%). Mutations in several mitochondrial tRNA genes have been also reported in multi-organ or isolated MCM (15.3%). This review highlights the main disease-genes, identified by extensive genetic analysis, which could be included as target genes in next generation panels for the molecular diagnosis of patients with clinical suspect of mitochondrial cardiomyopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mazzaccara
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (B.M.); (F.B.); (B.L.); (O.S.); (N.T.); (G.F.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0817-462-422
| | - Bruno Mirra
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (B.M.); (F.B.); (B.L.); (O.S.); (N.T.); (G.F.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Ferdinando Barretta
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (B.M.); (F.B.); (B.L.); (O.S.); (N.T.); (G.F.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Martina Caiazza
- Monaldi Hospital, AO Colli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (G.L.)
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Barbara Lombardo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (B.M.); (F.B.); (B.L.); (O.S.); (N.T.); (G.F.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Olga Scudiero
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (B.M.); (F.B.); (B.L.); (O.S.); (N.T.); (G.F.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Nadia Tinto
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (B.M.); (F.B.); (B.L.); (O.S.); (N.T.); (G.F.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Limongelli
- Monaldi Hospital, AO Colli, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.C.); (G.L.)
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80134 Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia Frisso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy; (B.M.); (F.B.); (B.L.); (O.S.); (N.T.); (G.F.)
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, 80145 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Meseguer S. MicroRNAs and tRNA-Derived Small Fragments: Key Messengers in Nuclear-Mitochondrial Communication. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:643575. [PMID: 34026824 PMCID: PMC8138316 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.643575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are not only important as energy suppliers in cells but also participate in other biological processes essential for cell growth and survival. They arose from α-proteobacterial predecessors through endosymbiosis and evolved transferring a large part of their genome to the host cell nucleus. Such a symbiotic relationship has been reinforced over time through increasingly complex signaling mechanisms between the host cell and mitochondria. So far, we do not have a complete view of the mechanisms that allow the mitochondria to communicate their functional status to the nucleus and trigger adaptive and compensatory responses. Recent findings place two classes of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and tRNA-derived small fragments, in such a scenario, acting as key pieces in the mitochondria-nucleus cross-talk. This review highlights the emerging roles and the interrelation of these sncRNAs in different signaling pathways between mitochondria and the host cell. Moreover, we describe in what way alterations of these complex regulatory mechanisms involving sncRNAs lead to diseases associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. In turn, these discoveries provide novel prognostic biomarker candidates and/or potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Meseguer
- Molecular and Cellular Immunology Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Mitochondrial genome stability in human: understanding the role of DNA repair pathways. Biochem J 2021; 478:1179-1197. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are semiautonomous organelles in eukaryotic cells and possess their own genome that replicates independently. Mitochondria play a major role in oxidative phosphorylation due to which its genome is frequently exposed to oxidative stress. Factors including ionizing radiation, radiomimetic drugs and replication fork stalling can also result in different types of mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) leading to genome fragility. Mitochondria from myopathies, dystonia, cancer patient samples show frequent mtDNA mutations such as point mutations, insertions and large-scale deletions that could account for mitochondria-associated disease pathogenesis. The mechanism by which such mutations arise following exposure to various DNA-damaging agents is not well understood. One of the well-studied repair pathways in mitochondria is base excision repair. Other repair pathways such as mismatch repair, homologous recombination and microhomology-mediated end joining have also been reported. Interestingly, nucleotide excision repair and classical nonhomologous DNA end joining are not detected in mitochondria. In this review, we summarize the potential causes of mitochondrial genome fragility, their implications as well as various DNA repair pathways that operate in mitochondria.
Collapse
|
24
|
Mtu1 defects are correlated with reduced osteogenic differentiation. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:61. [PMID: 33431792 PMCID: PMC7801634 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03345-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has revealed that mitochondria dynamics and function regulation is essential for the successful mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation. In the present study, the researchers reported for the first time that Mtu1 defects are correlated with reduced osteogenic differentiation. Using in vitro cultured bone marrow MSCs and stromal cell line MS5, we demonstrated that depressed Mtu1 expression was associated with reduced 2-thiouridine modification of the U34 of mitochondrial tRNAGln, tRNAGlu, and tRNALys, which led to respiratory deficiencies and reduced mitochondrial ATP production, and finally suppressed osteogenic differentiation. As expected, these Mtu1-deficient mice exhibited obvious osteopenia. Therefore, our findings in this study provide new insights into the pathophysiology of osteopenia.
Collapse
|
25
|
Kušíková K, Feichtinger RG, Csillag B, Kalev OK, Weis S, Duba HC, Mayr JA, Weis D. Case Report and Review of the Literature: A New and a Recurrent Variant in the VARS2 Gene Are Associated With Isolated Lethal Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, Hyperlactatemia, and Pulmonary Hypertension in Early Infancy. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:660076. [PMID: 33937156 PMCID: PMC8085550 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.660076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondriopathies represent a wide spectrum of miscellaneous disorders with multisystem involvement, which are caused by various genetic changes. The establishment of the diagnosis of mitochondriopathy is often challenging. Recently, several mutations of the VARS2 gene encoding the mitochondrial valyl-tRNA synthetase were associated with early onset encephalomyopathies or encephalocardiomyopathies with major clinical features such as hypotonia, developmental delay, brain MRI changes, epilepsy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and plasma lactate elevation. However, the correlation between genotype and phenotype still remains unclear. In this paper we present a male Caucasian patient with a recurrent c.1168G>A (p.Ala390Thr) and a new missense biallelic variant c.2758T>C (p.Tyr920His) in the VARS2 gene which were detected by whole exome sequencing (WES). VARS2 protein was reduced in the patient's muscle. A resulting defect of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) was proven by enzymatic assay, western blotting and immunohistochemistry from a homogenate of skeletal muscle tissue. Clinical signs of our patient included hyperlactatemia, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and pulmonary hypertension, which led to early death at the age of 47 days without any other known accompanying signs. The finding of novel variants in the VARS2 gene expands the spectrum of known mutations and phenotype presentation. Based on our findings we recommend to consider possible mitochondriopathy and to include the analysis of the VARS2 gene in the genetic diagnostic algorithm in cases with early manifesting and rapidly progressing HCM with hyperlactatemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarína Kušíková
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Medical School, Comenius University and National Institute of Children's Diseases, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - René Günther Feichtinger
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Bernhard Csillag
- Department of Neonatology, Kepler University Hospital Med Campus IV, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Ognian Kostadinov Kalev
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, Kepler University Hospital Neuromed Campus, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Serge Weis
- Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, Kepler University Hospital Neuromed Campus, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Hans-Christoph Duba
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kepler University Hospital Med Campus IV, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Johannes Adalbert Mayr
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Salzburg, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Denisa Weis
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kepler University Hospital Med Campus IV, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ferrari A, Del'Olio S, Barrientos A. The Diseased Mitoribosome. FEBS Lett 2020; 595:1025-1061. [PMID: 33314036 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria control life and death in eukaryotic cells. Harboring a unique circular genome, a by-product of an ancient endosymbiotic event, mitochondria maintains a specialized and evolutionary divergent protein synthesis machinery, the mitoribosome. Mitoribosome biogenesis depends on elements encoded in both the mitochondrial genome (the RNA components) and the nuclear genome (all ribosomal proteins and assembly factors). Recent cryo-EM structures of mammalian mitoribosomes have illuminated their composition and provided hints regarding their assembly and elusive mitochondrial translation mechanisms. A growing body of literature involves the mitoribosome in inherited primary mitochondrial disorders. Mutations in genes encoding mitoribosomal RNAs, proteins, and assembly factors impede mitoribosome biogenesis, causing protein synthesis defects that lead to respiratory chain failure and mitochondrial disorders such as encephalo- and cardiomyopathy, deafness, neuropathy, and developmental delays. In this article, we review the current fundamental understanding of mitoribosome assembly and function, and the clinical landscape of mitochondrial disorders driven by mutations in mitoribosome components and assembly factors, to portray how basic and clinical studies combined help us better understand both mitochondrial biology and medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Ferrari
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL, USA
| | - Samuel Del'Olio
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL, USA.,Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Graduate Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL, USA
| | - Antoni Barrientos
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, FL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sala-Coromina J, Miguel LDD, de las Heras J, Lasa-Aranzasti A, Garcia-Arumi E, Carreño L, Arranz JA, Carnicer C, Unceta-Suárez M, Sanchez-Montañez A, Gort L, Tort F, del Toro M. Leigh syndrome associated with TRMU gene mutations. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2020; 26:100690. [PMID: 33365252 PMCID: PMC7749400 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2020.100690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
tRNA 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridylate methyltransferase (TRMU) deficiency causes an early onset potentially reversible acute liver failure, so far reported in less than 30 patients. We describe two new unrelated patients with an acute liver failure and a neuroimaging compatible with Leigh syndrome (LS) due to TRMU deficiency, a combination not previously reported. Our report enlarges the phenotypical spectrum of TRMU disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Sala-Coromina
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Dougherty-de Miguel
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier de las Heras
- Division of Pediatric Metabolism, Cruces University Hospital, Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, CIBER-ER; University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Spain
| | - Amaia Lasa-Aranzasti
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Garcia-Arumi
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Genetics, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lidia Carreño
- Research Group on Neuromuscular and Mitochondrial Disorders, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jose Antonio Arranz
- Metabolic Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Carnicer
- Metabolic Laboratory, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Unceta-Suárez
- Biochemistry Laboratory (Metabolism Area), Cruces University Hospital, Biocruces-Bizkaia Health Research Institute, CIBER-ER, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Spain
| | - Angel Sanchez-Montañez
- Pediatric Neuroradiology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Gort
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science-University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Frederic Tort
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science-University of Barcelona, Internal Medicine Service-Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia del Toro
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Corresponding author at: Pediatric Neurology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Passeig de la Vall d'Hebron, 119-129, Barcelona 08035, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Moore TM, Zhou Z, Strumwasser AR, Cohn W, Lin AJ, Cory K, Whitney K, Ho T, Ho T, Lee JL, Rucker DH, Hoang AN, Widjaja K, Abrishami AD, Charugundla S, Stiles L, Whitelegge JP, Turcotte LP, Wanagat J, Hevener AL. Age-induced mitochondrial DNA point mutations are inadequate to alter metabolic homeostasis in response to nutrient challenge. Aging Cell 2020; 19:e13166. [PMID: 33049094 PMCID: PMC7681042 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is frequently associated with impairment in metabolic homeostasis and insulin action, and is thought to underlie cellular aging. However, it is unclear whether mitochondrial dysfunction is a cause or consequence of insulin resistance in humans. To determine the impact of intrinsic mitochondrial dysfunction on metabolism and insulin action, we performed comprehensive metabolic phenotyping of the polymerase gamma (PolG) D257A "mutator" mouse, a model known to accumulate supraphysiological mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) point mutations. We utilized the heterozygous PolG mutator mouse (PolG+/mut ) because it accumulates mtDNA point mutations ~ 500-fold > wild-type mice (WT), but fails to develop an overt progeria phenotype, unlike PolGmut/mut animals. To determine whether mtDNA point mutations induce metabolic dysfunction, we examined male PolG+/mut mice at 6 and 12 months of age during normal chow feeding, after 24-hr starvation, and following high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. No marked differences were observed in glucose homeostasis, adiposity, protein/gene markers of metabolism, or oxygen consumption in muscle between WT and PolG+/mut mice during any of the conditions or ages studied. However, proteomic analyses performed on isolated mitochondria from 12-month-old PolG+/mut mouse muscle revealed alterations in the expression of mitochondrial ribosomal proteins, electron transport chain components, and oxidative stress-related factors compared with WT. These findings suggest that mtDNA point mutations at levels observed in mammalian aging are insufficient to disrupt metabolic homeostasis and insulin action in male mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy M. Moore
- Department of Biological SciencesDana & David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and SciencesUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Zhenqi Zhou
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Alexander R. Strumwasser
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Whitaker Cohn
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences & The Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human BehaviorUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Amanda J. Lin
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Kevin Cory
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Kate Whitney
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Theodore Ho
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Timothy Ho
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Joseph L. Lee
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Daniel H. Rucker
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Austin N. Hoang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Kevin Widjaja
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Aaron D. Abrishami
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Sarada Charugundla
- Division of CardiologyDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Linsey Stiles
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Julian P. Whitelegge
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences & The Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human BehaviorUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Lorraine P. Turcotte
- Department of Biological SciencesDana & David Dornsife College of Letters, Arts, and SciencesUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Jonathan Wanagat
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| | - Andrea L. Hevener
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and HypertensionDepartment of MedicineDavid Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
- Iris Cantor‐UCLA Women's Health CenterUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Molenaars M, Daniels EG, Meurs A, Janssens GE, Houtkooper RH. Mitochondrial cross-compartmental signalling to maintain proteostasis and longevity. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190414. [PMID: 32362258 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifespan in eukaryotic species can be prolonged by shifting from cellular states favouring growth to those favouring maintenance and stress resistance. For instance, perturbations in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) can shift cells into this latter state and extend lifespan. Because mitochondria rely on proteins synthesized from nuclear as well as mitochondrial DNA, they need to constantly send and receive messages from other compartments of the cell in order to function properly and maintain homeostasis, and lifespan extension is often dependent on this cross-compartmental signalling. Here, we describe the mechanisms of bi-directional mitochondrial cross-compartmental signalling resulting in proteostasis and longevity. These proteostasis mechanisms are highly context-dependent, governed by the origin and extent of stress. Furthermore, we discuss the translatability of these mechanisms and explore therapeutic developments, such as the antibiotic studies targeting mitochondria or mitochondria-derived peptides as therapies for age-related diseases such as neurodegeneration and cancer. This article is part of the theme issue 'Retrograde signalling from endosymbiotic organelles'.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marte Molenaars
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eileen G Daniels
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amber Meurs
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Georges E Janssens
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Riekelt H Houtkooper
- Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhou Y, Chen B, Li L, Pan H, Liu B, Li T, Wang R, Ma X, Wang B, Cao Y. Novel alanyl-tRNA synthetase 2 (AARS2) homozygous mutation in a consanguineous Chinese family with premature ovarian insufficiency. Fertil Steril 2019; 112:569-576.e2. [PMID: 31280959 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the candidate pathogenic gene in a premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) proband from a consanguineous marriage and detect the potential effects of mutation on cellular energy metabolism. DESIGN Genetic and functional studies. SETTING Reproductive medicine center. PATIENT(S) A patient with POI, from a consanguineous family, and her family members were recruited from the Reproductive Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University. INTERVENTION(S) Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed for the proband. Variation revealed by WES sequencing was validated by Sanger sequencing in her family. Sequencing data were combined with those of other sporadic cases listed in public databases to identify the causative gene. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Rare homozygous nonsynonymous variants were identified and included in subsequent analysis. Metabolic analyzes were performed using Seahorse XFe96 analyzers to measure oxygen consumption and then obtain further results of ATP production and extracellular acidification rate. The differences in energy metabolism measurements between wild type and mutation were analyzed and compared. RESULT(S) A novel alanyl-tRNA synthetase 2 (AARS2) homozygous mutation (NM_020745: exon2: c.337G>C: p. G113R) was identified in the aminoacylation region using WES. The mutation was highly conserved among species and predicted to be disease causing. AARS2 encodes mitochondrial alanyl-tRNA synthetase, which attaches alanine onto tRNA-ala. AARS2 mutations were previously reported in female leukodystrophy patients with POI. In mitochondrial stress tests, the ATP productions of the mutation group (3.58 ± 0.46 fmol/min/cell) was significantly lower than that of the wild type group (6.96 ± 1.56 fmol/min/cell). CONCLUSION(S) This is the first report of a homozygous pathogenic AARS2 mutation in POI. This mutation may lead to incorrect aminoacylation of tRNA, affect mitochondrial translation, and cause oxidative phosphorylation defects, which may be responsible for POI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Zhou
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Hefei, People's Republic of China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Beili Chen
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Hefei, People's Republic of China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Li
- Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chaoyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong Pan
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Center for Genetics, National Research Institute of Family Planning, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Beihong Liu
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Center for Genetics, National Research Institute of Family Planning, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengyan Li
- Center for Genetics, National Research Institute of Family Planning, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruyi Wang
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Center for Genetics, National Research Institute of Family Planning, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Ma
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Center for Genetics, National Research Institute of Family Planning, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Wang
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China; Center for Genetics, National Research Institute of Family Planning, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunxia Cao
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health and Genetics, Biopreservation and Artificial Organs, Hefei, People's Republic of China; Anhui Provincial Engineering Research Center, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Florentz C, Giegé R. History of tRNA research in strasbourg. IUBMB Life 2019; 71:1066-1087. [PMID: 31185141 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The tRNA molecules, in addition to translating the genetic code into protein and defining the second genetic code via their aminoacylation by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, act in many other cellular functions and dysfunctions. This article, illustrated by personal souvenirs, covers the history of ~60 years tRNA research in Strasbourg. Typical examples point up how the work in Strasbourg was a two-way street, influenced by and at the same time influencing investigators outside of France. All along, research in Strasbourg has nurtured the structural and functional diversity of tRNA. It produced massive sequence and crystallographic data on tRNA and its partners, thereby leading to a deeper physicochemical understanding of tRNA architecture, dynamics, and identity. Moreover, it emphasized the role of nucleoside modifications and in the last two decades, highlighted tRNA idiosyncrasies in plants and organelles, together with cellular and health-focused aspects. The tRNA field benefited from a rich local academic heritage and a strong support by both university and CNRS. Its broad interlinks to the worldwide community of tRNA researchers opens to an exciting future. © 2019 IUBMB Life, 2019 © 2019 IUBMB Life, 71(8):1066-1087, 2019.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Florentz
- Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, UPR 9002, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS and Université de Strasbourg, F-67084, 15 rue René Descartes, Strasbourg, France.,Direction de la Recherche et de la Valorisation, Université de Strasbourg, F-67084, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, Strasbourg, France
| | - Richard Giegé
- Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, UPR 9002, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS and Université de Strasbourg, F-67084, 15 rue René Descartes, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Meseguer S, Navarro-González C, Panadero J, Villarroya M, Boutoual R, Sánchez-Alcázar JA, Armengod ME. The MELAS mutation m.3243A>G alters the expression of mitochondrial tRNA fragments. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:1433-1449. [PMID: 31195049 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidences highlight the importance of mitochondria-nucleus communication for the clinical phenotype of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) diseases. However, the participation of small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) in this communication has been poorly explored. We asked whether OXPHOS dysfunction alters the production of a new class of sncRNAs, mitochondrial tRNA fragments (mt tRFs), and, if so, whether mt tRFs play a physiological role and their accumulation is controlled by the action of mt tRNA modification enzymes. To address these questions, we used a cybrid model of MELAS (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes), an OXPHOS disease mostly caused by mutation m.3243A>G in the mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) gene. High-throughput analysis of small-RNA-Seq data indicated that m.3243A>G significantly changed the expression pattern of mt tRFs. A functional analysis of potential mt tRFs targets (performed under the assumption that these tRFs act as miRNAs) indicated an association with processes that involve the most common affected tissues in MELAS. We present evidences that mt tRFs may be biologically relevant, as one of them (mt i-tRF GluUUC), likely produced by the action of the nuclease Dicer and whose levels are Ago2 dependent, down-regulates the expression of mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 (MPC1), promoting the build-up of extracellular lactate. Therefore, our study underpins the idea that retrograde signaling from mitochondria is also mediated by mt tRFs. Finally, we show that accumulation of mt i-tRF GluUUC depends on the modification status of mt tRNAs, which is regulated by the action of stress-responsive miRNAs on mt tRNA modification enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Meseguer
- RNA Modification and Mitochondrial Diseases Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Carrer d'Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia 46012, Spain.
| | - Carmen Navarro-González
- RNA Modification and Mitochondrial Diseases Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Carrer d'Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia 46012, Spain.
| | - Joaquin Panadero
- Unidad de Genómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell, 106 Torre A 7ª planta, Valencia 46026, Spain.
| | - Magda Villarroya
- RNA Modification and Mitochondrial Diseases Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Carrer d'Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia 46012, Spain.
| | - Rachid Boutoual
- RNA Modification and Mitochondrial Diseases Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Carrer d'Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia 46012, Spain.
| | - Jose Antonio Sánchez-Alcázar
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo (CABD-CSIC-Universidad Pablo de Olavide), and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Enfermedades Raras, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla 41013, Spain.
| | - M-Eugenia Armengod
- RNA Modification and Mitochondrial Diseases Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Carrer d'Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia 46012, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) node 721, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
González-Serrano LE, Chihade JW, Sissler M. When a common biological role does not imply common disease outcomes: Disparate pathology linked to human mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:5309-5320. [PMID: 30647134 PMCID: PMC6462531 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev118.002953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (mt-aaRSs) are essential components of the mitochondrial translation machinery. The correlation of mitochondrial disorders with mutations in these enzymes has raised the interest of the scientific community over the past several years. Most surprising has been the wide-ranging presentation of clinical manifestations in patients with mt-aaRS mutations, despite the enzymes' common biochemical role. Even among cases where a common physiological system is affected, phenotypes, severity, and age of onset varies depending on which mt-aaRS is mutated. Here, we review work done thus far and propose a categorization of diseases based on tissue specificity that highlights emerging patterns. We further discuss multiple in vitro and in cellulo efforts to characterize the behavior of WT and mutant mt-aaRSs that have shaped hypotheses about the molecular causes of these pathologies. Much remains to do in order to complete our understanding of these proteins. We expect that futher work is likely to result in the discovery of new roles for the mt-aaRSs in addition to their fundamental function in mitochondrial translation, informing the development of treatment strategies and diagnoses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ligia Elena González-Serrano
- From the Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, UPR9002, F-67000 Strasbourg, France and
| | - Joseph W Chihade
- the Department of Chemistry, Carleton College, Northfield, Minnesota 55057
| | - Marie Sissler
- From the Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, UPR9002, F-67000 Strasbourg, France and
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Sun C, Song J, Jiang Y, Zhao C, Lu J, Li Y, Wang Y, Gao M, Xi J, Luo S, Li M, Donaldson K, Oprescu SN, Slavin TP, Lee S, Magoulas PL, Lewis AM, Emrick L, Lalani SR, Niu Z, Landsverk ML, Walkiewicz M, Person RE, Mei H, Rosenfeld JA, Yang Y, Antonellis A, Hou YM, Lin J, Zhang VW. Loss-of-function mutations in Lysyl-tRNA synthetase cause various leukoencephalopathy phenotypes. Neurol Genet 2019; 5:e565. [PMID: 31192300 PMCID: PMC6515944 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To expand the clinical spectrum of lysyl-tRNA synthetase (KARS) gene-related diseases, which so far includes Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, congenital visual impairment and microcephaly, and nonsyndromic hearing impairment. METHODS Whole-exome sequencing was performed on index patients from 4 unrelated families with leukoencephalopathy. Candidate pathogenic variants and their cosegregation were confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Effects of mutations on KARS protein function were examined by aminoacylation assays and yeast complementation assays. RESULTS Common clinical features of the patients in this study included impaired cognitive ability, seizure, hypotonia, ataxia, and abnormal brain imaging, suggesting that the CNS involvement is the main clinical presentation. Six previously unreported and 1 known KARS mutations were identified and cosegregated in these families. Two patients are compound heterozygous for missense mutations, 1 patient is homozygous for a missense mutation, and 1 patient harbored an insertion mutation and a missense mutation. Functional and structural analyses revealed that these mutations impair aminoacylation activity of lysyl-tRNA synthetase, indicating that defective KARS function is responsible for the phenotypes in these individuals. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that patients with loss-of-function KARS mutations can manifest CNS disorders, thus broadening the phenotypic spectrum associated with KARS-related disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Sun
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Song
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanjun Jiang
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Chongbo Zhao
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiahong Lu
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingshi Gao
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianying Xi
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Sushan Luo
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Meixia Li
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Kevin Donaldson
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Stephanie N Oprescu
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Thomas P Slavin
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Sansan Lee
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Pilar L Magoulas
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Andrea M Lewis
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Lisa Emrick
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Seema R Lalani
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyv Niu
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Megan L Landsverk
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Magdalena Walkiewicz
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Richard E Person
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui Mei
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jill A Rosenfeld
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaping Yang
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Anthony Antonellis
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Ming Hou
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| | - Victor W Zhang
- Department of Neurology (C.S., J.S., C.Z., J. Lu, J.X., S. Luo, J. Lin), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Baylor Genetic Laboratories (Y.J., Z.N., M.L.L., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., Y.Y.), Houston, TX; Department of Radiology (Y.L.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University; Department of Pathology (Y.W., M.G.), Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology (M.L., K.D., Y.-M.H.), Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA; Department of Human Genetics (S.N.O., A.A.), University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI; Department of Pediatrics and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (S.L.), University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI; Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research (T.P.S.), Division of Clinical Cancer Genetics, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, CA; Department of Molecular and Human Genetics (P.L.M., A.L.M., L.E., S.R.L., Z.N., M.L.L., J.A.R., M.W., R.E.P., H.M., J.A.R., Y.Y., V.W.Z.), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX; and AmCare Genomics Lab (V.W.Z.), Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Jackson CB, Huemer M, Bolognini R, Martin F, Szinnai G, Donner BC, Richter U, Battersby BJ, Nuoffer JM, Suomalainen A, Schaller A. A variant in MRPS14 (uS14m) causes perinatal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with neonatal lactic acidosis, growth retardation, dysmorphic features and neurological involvement. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:639-649. [PMID: 30358850 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of mitochondrial translation is an increasingly important molecular cause of human disease, but structural defects of mitochondrial ribosomal subunits are rare. We used next-generation sequencing to identify a homozygous variant in the mitochondrial small ribosomal protein 14 (MRPS14, uS14m) in a patient manifesting with perinatal hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, growth retardation, muscle hypotonia, elevated lactate, dysmorphy and mental retardation. In skeletal muscle and fibroblasts from the patient, there was biochemical deficiency in complex IV of the respiratory chain. In fibroblasts, mitochondrial translation was impaired, and ectopic expression of a wild-type MRPS14 cDNA functionally complemented this defect. Surprisingly, the mutant uS14m was stable and did not affect assembly of the small ribosomal subunit. Instead, structural modeling of the uS14m mutation predicted a disruption to the ribosomal mRNA channel.Collectively, our data demonstrate pathogenic mutations in MRPS14 can manifest as a perinatal-onset mitochondrial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with a novel molecular pathogenic mechanism that impairs the function of mitochondrial ribosomes during translation elongation or mitochondrial mRNA recruitment rather than assembly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher B Jackson
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN, Finland
| | - Martina Huemer
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich CH, Switzerland
- University Children's Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ramona Bolognini
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern CH, Switzerland
| | - Franck Martin
- CNRS, Architecture et Réactivité de l'ARN, Université de Strasbourg, UPR 9002, Strasbourg F, France
| | - Gabor Szinnai
- University Children's Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Children's Hospital Basel, Basel CH, Switzerland
| | - Birgit C Donner
- Division of Cardiology, University of Basel, Basel CH, Switzerland
| | - Uwe Richter
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, FIN, Finland
| | | | - Jean-Marc Nuoffer
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern CH, Switzerland
- Division of Endocrinology Diabetology and Metabolism, University Children's Hospital, University of Bern, Bern CH, Switzerland
| | - Anu Suomalainen
- Research Programs Unit, Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN, Finland
- Neuroscience Center, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN, Finland
| | - André Schaller
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern CH, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Osinalde N, Duarri A, Ramirez J, Barrio R, Perez de Nanclares G, Mayor U. Impaired proteostasis in rare neurological diseases. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 93:164-177. [PMID: 30355526 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Rare diseases are classified as such when their prevalence is 1:2000 or lower, but even if each of them is so infrequent, altogether more than 300 million people in the world suffer one of the ∼7000 diseases considered as rare. Over 1200 of these disorders are known to affect the brain or other parts of our nervous system, and their symptoms can affect cognition, motor function and/or social interaction of the patients; we refer collectively to them as rare neurological disorders or RNDs. We have focused this review on RNDs known to have compromised protein homeostasis pathways. Proteostasis can be regulated and/or altered by a chain of cellular mechanisms, from protein synthesis and folding, to aggregation and degradation. Overall, we provide a list comprised of above 215 genes responsible for causing more than 170 distinct RNDs, deepening on some representative diseases, including as well a clinical view of how those diseases are diagnosed and dealt with. Additionally, we review existing methodologies for diagnosis and treatment, discussing the potential of specific deubiquitinating enzyme inhibition as a future therapeutic avenue for RNDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Osinalde
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Anna Duarri
- Barcelona Stem Cell Bank, Center of Regenerative Medicine in Barcelona, 08908 Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juanma Ramirez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Rosa Barrio
- Functional Genomics Unit, CIC bioGUNE, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Guiomar Perez de Nanclares
- Molecular (Epi)Genetics Laboratory, BioAraba National Health Institute, Hospital Universitario Araba-Txagorritxu, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Alava, Spain
| | - Ugo Mayor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain; Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Friederich MW, Timal S, Powell CA, Dallabona C, Kurolap A, Palacios-Zambrano S, Bratkovic D, Derks TGJ, Bick D, Bouman K, Chatfield KC, Damouny-Naoum N, Dishop MK, Falik-Zaccai TC, Fares F, Fedida A, Ferrero I, Gallagher RC, Garesse R, Gilberti M, González C, Gowan K, Habib C, Halligan RK, Kalfon L, Knight K, Lefeber D, Mamblona L, Mandel H, Mory A, Ottoson J, Paperna T, Pruijn GJM, Rebelo-Guiomar PF, Saada A, Sainz B, Salvemini H, Schoots MH, Smeitink JA, Szukszto MJ, Ter Horst HJ, van den Brandt F, van Spronsen FJ, Veltman JA, Wartchow E, Wintjes LT, Zohar Y, Fernández-Moreno MA, Baris HN, Donnini C, Minczuk M, Rodenburg RJ, Van Hove JLK. Pathogenic variants in glutamyl-tRNA Gln amidotransferase subunits cause a lethal mitochondrial cardiomyopathy disorder. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4065. [PMID: 30283131 PMCID: PMC6170436 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06250-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial protein synthesis requires charging a mitochondrial tRNA with its amino acid. Here, the authors describe pathogenic variants in the GatCAB protein complex genes required for the generation of glutaminyl-mt-tRNAGln, that impairs mitochondrial translation and presents with cardiomyopathy. Mitochondrial protein synthesis requires charging mt-tRNAs with their cognate amino acids by mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, with the exception of glutaminyl mt-tRNA (mt-tRNAGln). mt-tRNAGln is indirectly charged by a transamidation reaction involving the GatCAB aminoacyl-tRNA amidotransferase complex. Defects involving the mitochondrial protein synthesis machinery cause a broad spectrum of disorders, with often fatal outcome. Here, we describe nine patients from five families with genetic defects in a GatCAB complex subunit, including QRSL1, GATB, and GATC, each showing a lethal metabolic cardiomyopathy syndrome. Functional studies reveal combined respiratory chain enzyme deficiencies and mitochondrial dysfunction. Aminoacylation of mt-tRNAGln and mitochondrial protein translation are deficient in patients’ fibroblasts cultured in the absence of glutamine but restore in high glutamine. Lentiviral rescue experiments and modeling in S. cerevisiae homologs confirm pathogenicity. Our study completes a decade of investigations on mitochondrial aminoacylation disorders, starting with DARS2 and ending with the GatCAB complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marisa W Friederich
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Sharita Timal
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands.,Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher A Powell
- Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OXY, United Kingdom
| | - Cristina Dallabona
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Alina Kurolap
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel.,The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Sara Palacios-Zambrano
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
| | - Drago Bratkovic
- SA Pathology, Women and Children's Hospital Adelaide, Adelaide, 5006, Australia
| | - Terry G J Derks
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - David Bick
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, 35806, USA
| | - Katelijne Bouman
- Department of Genetics, University Medical Center of Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Kathryn C Chatfield
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Nadine Damouny-Naoum
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel.,Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Megan K Dishop
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Tzipora C Falik-Zaccai
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, 22100, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
| | - Fuad Fares
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Haifa, Haifa, 3498838, Israel
| | - Ayalla Fedida
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, 22100, Israel.,The Azrieli Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar Ilan University, Safed, 1311502, Israel
| | - Ileana Ferrero
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Renata C Gallagher
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Rafael Garesse
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
| | - Micol Gilberti
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Cristina González
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
| | - Katherine Gowan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Clair Habib
- Department of Pediatrics, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa, 3339419, Israel
| | - Rebecca K Halligan
- SA Pathology, Women and Children's Hospital Adelaide, Adelaide, 5006, Australia
| | - Limor Kalfon
- Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, 22100, Israel
| | - Kaz Knight
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Dirk Lefeber
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Laura Mamblona
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
| | - Hanna Mandel
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3109601, Israel.,Institute of Human Genetics, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, 22100, Israel.,Metabolic Unit, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Adi Mory
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - John Ottoson
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Tamar Paperna
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Ger J M Pruijn
- Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Pedro F Rebelo-Guiomar
- Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OXY, United Kingdom.,Graduate Program in Areas of Basic and Applied Biology (GABBA), University of Porto, Porto, 4200-135, Portugal
| | - Ann Saada
- Monique and Jacques Roboh Department of Genetic Research and the Department of Genetic and Metabolic Diseases, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
| | - Bruno Sainz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Enfermedades Crónicas y Cáncer Area, Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), Madrid, 28034, Spain
| | - Hayley Salvemini
- SA Pathology, Women and Children's Hospital Adelaide, Adelaide, 5006, Australia
| | - Mirthe H Schoots
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan A Smeitink
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Maciej J Szukszto
- Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OXY, United Kingdom
| | - Hendrik J Ter Horst
- Division of Neonatology, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Frans van den Brandt
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Francjan J van Spronsen
- Division of Metabolic Diseases, Beatrix Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9700 RB, The Netherlands
| | - Joris A Veltman
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences and Donders Centre for Neuroscience, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands.,Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE1 3BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Eric Wartchow
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA
| | - Liesbeth T Wintjes
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Yaniv Zohar
- Institute of Pathology, Rambam Health Care Campus, 3109601, Haifa, Israel
| | - Miguel A Fernández-Moreno
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols" UAM-CSIC and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER). Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, 28029, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, 28041, Spain
| | - Hagit N Baris
- The Genetics Institute, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, 3109601, Israel.,The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3109601, Israel
| | - Claudia Donnini
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, 43124, Italy
| | - Michal Minczuk
- Medical Research Council, Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 OXY, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J Rodenburg
- Radboud Center for Mitochondrial Medicine, Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, 6500 HB, The Netherlands
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, 80045, CO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kwon HK, Jeong H, Hwang D, Park ZY. Comparative proteomic analysis of mouse models of pathological and physiological cardiac hypertrophy, with selection of biomarkers of pathological hypertrophy by integrative Proteogenomics. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2018; 1866:S1570-9639(18)30118-3. [PMID: 30048702 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
To determine fundamental characteristics of pathological cardiac hypertrophy, protein expression profiles in two widely accepted models of cardiac hypertrophy (swimming-trained mouse for physiological hypertrophy and pressure-overload-induced mouse for pathological hypertrophy) were compared using a label-free quantitative proteomics approach. Among 3955 proteins (19,235 peptides, false-discovery rate < 0.01) identified in these models, 486 were differentially expressed with a log2 fold difference ≥ 0.58, or were detected in only one hypertrophy model (each protein from 4 technical replicates, p < .05). Analysis of gene ontology biological processes and KEGG pathways identified cellular processes enriched in one or both hypertrophy models. Processes unique to pathological hypertrophy were compared with processes previously identified in cardiac-hypertrophy models. Individual proteins with differential expression in processes unique to pathological hypertrophy were further confirmed using the results of previous targeted functional analysis studies. Using a proteogenomic approach combining transcriptomic and proteomic analyses, similar patterns of differential expression were observed for 23 proteins and corresponding genes associated with pathological hypertrophy. A total of 11 proteins were selected as early-stage pathological-hypertrophy biomarker candidates, and the results of western blotting for five of these proteins in independent samples confirmed the patterns of differential expression in mouse models of pathological and physiological cardiac hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye Kyeong Kwon
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyobin Jeong
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea; Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea; School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Daehee Hwang
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea; Center for Plant Aging Research, Institute for Basic Science, DGIST, Daegu 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Zee-Yong Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Meseguer S, Panadero J, Navarro-González C, Villarroya M, Boutoual R, Comi GP, Armengod ME. The MELAS mutation m.3243A>G promotes reactivation of fetal cardiac genes and an epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like program via dysregulation of miRNAs. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:3022-3037. [PMID: 29928977 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The pathomechanisms underlying oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) diseases are not well-understood, but they involve maladaptive changes in mitochondria-nucleus communication. Many studies on the mitochondria-nucleus cross-talk triggered by mitochondrial dysfunction have focused on the role played by regulatory proteins, while the participation of miRNAs remains poorly explored. MELAS (mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes) is mostly caused by mutation m.3243A>G in mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) gene. Adverse cardiac and neurological events are the commonest causes of early death in m.3243A>G patients. Notably, the incidence of major clinical features associated with this mutation has been correlated to the level of m.3243A>G mutant mitochondrial DNA (heteroplasmy) in skeletal muscle. In this work, we used a transmitochondrial cybrid model of MELAS (100% m.3243A>G mutant mitochondrial DNA) to investigate the participation of miRNAs in the mitochondria-nucleus cross-talk associated with OXPHOS dysfunction. High-throughput analysis of small-RNA-Seq data indicated that expression of 246 miRNAs was significantly altered in MELAS cybrids. Validation of selected miRNAs, including miR-4775 and miR-218-5p, in patient muscle samples revealed miRNAs whose expression declined with high levels of mutant heteroplasmy. We show that miR-218-5p and miR-4775 are direct regulators of fetal cardiac genes such as NODAL, RHOA, ISL1 and RXRB, which are up-regulated in MELAS cybrids and in patient muscle samples with heteroplasmy above 60%. Our data clearly indicate that TGF-β superfamily signaling and an epithelial-mesenchymal transition-like program are activated in MELAS cybrids, and suggest that down-regulation of miRNAs regulating fetal cardiac genes is a risk marker of heart failure in patients with OXPHOS diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salvador Meseguer
- RNA Modification and Mitochondrial Diseases Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Carrer d'Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia 46012, Spain.
| | - Joaquin Panadero
- Unidad de Genómica, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell, 106 Torre A 7ª planta, Valencia 46026, Spain.
| | - Carmen Navarro-González
- RNA Modification and Mitochondrial Diseases Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Carrer d'Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia 46012, Spain.
| | - Magda Villarroya
- RNA Modification and Mitochondrial Diseases Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Carrer d'Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia 46012, Spain.
| | - Rachid Boutoual
- RNA Modification and Mitochondrial Diseases Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Carrer d'Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia 46012, Spain.
| | - Giacomo Pietro Comi
- Dino Ferrari Centre, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), University of Milan, I.R.C.C.S. Foundation Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, via F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy.
| | - M-Eugenia Armengod
- RNA Modification and Mitochondrial Diseases Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Príncipe Felipe (CIPF), Carrer d'Eduardo Primo Yúfera 3, Valencia 46012, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) node 721, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Bruni F, Di Meo I, Bellacchio E, Webb BD, McFarland R, Chrzanowska‐Lightowlers ZM, He L, Skorupa E, Moroni I, Ardissone A, Walczak A, Tyynismaa H, Isohanni P, Mandel H, Prokisch H, Haack T, Bonnen PE, Enrico B, Pronicka E, Ghezzi D, Taylor RW, Diodato D. Clinical, biochemical, and genetic features associated with VARS2-related mitochondrial disease. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:563-578. [PMID: 29314548 PMCID: PMC5873438 DOI: 10.1002/humu.23398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, an increasing number of mitochondrial disorders have been associated with mutations in mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (mt-aaRSs), which are key enzymes of mitochondrial protein synthesis. Bi-allelic functional variants in VARS2, encoding the mitochondrial valyl tRNA-synthetase, were first reported in a patient with psychomotor delay and epilepsia partialis continua associated with an oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) Complex I defect, before being described in a patient with a neonatal form of encephalocardiomyopathy. Here we provide a detailed genetic, clinical, and biochemical description of 13 patients, from nine unrelated families, harboring VARS2 mutations. All patients except one, who manifested with a less severe disease course, presented at birth exhibiting severe encephalomyopathy and cardiomyopathy. Features included hypotonia, psychomotor delay, seizures, feeding difficulty, abnormal cranial MRI, and elevated lactate. The biochemical phenotype comprised a combined Complex I and Complex IV OXPHOS defect in muscle, with patient fibroblasts displaying normal OXPHOS activity. Homology modeling supported the pathogenicity of VARS2 missense variants. The detailed description of this cohort further delineates our understanding of the clinical presentation associated with pathogenic VARS2 variants and we recommend that this gene should be considered in early-onset mitochondrial encephalomyopathies or encephalocardiomyopathies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Bruni
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial ResearchInstitute of NeuroscienceNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUnited Kingdom
| | - Ivano Di Meo
- Molecular Neurogenetics UnitFoundation IRCCS Neurological Institute C. BestaMilanItaly
| | - Emanuele Bellacchio
- Genetics and Rare DiseasesResearch Division‘Bambino Gesù’ Children HospitalRomeItaly
| | - Bryn D. Webb
- Department of Genetics and Genomic SciencesIcahn School of Medicine at Mount SinaiNew YorkNew York
| | - Robert McFarland
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial ResearchInstitute of NeuroscienceNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Langping He
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial ResearchInstitute of NeuroscienceNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUnited Kingdom
| | - Ewa Skorupa
- Department of BiochemistryRadioimmunology and Experimental MedicineThe Children's Memorial Health InstituteWarsawPoland
| | - Isabella Moroni
- Child Neurology UnitFoundation IRCCS Neurological Institute “C. Besta”MilanItaly
| | - Anna Ardissone
- Molecular Neurogenetics UnitFoundation IRCCS Neurological Institute C. BestaMilanItaly
- Child Neurology UnitFoundation IRCCS Neurological Institute “C. Besta”MilanItaly
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine DIMETUniversity of Milan‐BicoccaMilanItaly
| | - Anna Walczak
- Department of Medical GeneticsCentre of BiostructureMedical University of WarsawWarsawPoland
| | - Henna Tyynismaa
- Research Programs UnitMolecular NeurologyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Pirjo Isohanni
- Research Programs UnitMolecular NeurologyUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
- Department of Pediatric NeurologyChildren's HospitalUniversity of Helsinki and Helsinki University HospitalHelsinkiFinland
| | - Hanna Mandel
- Institute of Human Genetics and Metabolic DiseasesGalilee Medical CenterNahariyaIsrael
| | - Holger Prokisch
- Institute of Human GeneticsTechnische Universität MünchenMunichGermany
- Institute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum MünchenNeuherbergGermany
| | - Tobias Haack
- Institute of Human GeneticsHelmholtz Zentrum MünchenNeuherbergGermany
| | - Penelope E. Bonnen
- Department of Molecular and Human GeneticsBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexas
| | - Bertini Enrico
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative DisordersLaboratory of Molecular Medicine‘Bambino Ges.’ Children's Research HospitalRomeItaly
| | - Ewa Pronicka
- Department of PediatricsNutrition and Metabolic DiseasesThe Children's Memorial Health InstituteWarsawPoland
| | - Daniele Ghezzi
- Molecular Neurogenetics UnitFoundation IRCCS Neurological Institute C. BestaMilanItaly
- Department of Pathophysiology and TransplantationUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
| | - Robert W. Taylor
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial ResearchInstitute of NeuroscienceNewcastle UniversityNewcastle upon TyneUnited Kingdom
| | - Daria Diodato
- Unit of Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative DisordersLaboratory of Molecular Medicine‘Bambino Ges.’ Children's Research HospitalRomeItaly
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Bieri P, Greber BJ, Ban N. High-resolution structures of mitochondrial ribosomes and their functional implications. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2018; 49:44-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
|
42
|
Zeng R, Smith E, Barrientos A. Yeast Mitoribosome Large Subunit Assembly Proceeds by Hierarchical Incorporation of Protein Clusters and Modules on the Inner Membrane. Cell Metab 2018. [PMID: 29514071 PMCID: PMC5951612 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitoribosomes are specialized for the synthesis of hydrophobic membrane proteins encoded by mtDNA, all essential for oxidative phosphorylation. Despite their linkage to human mitochondrial diseases and the recent cryoelectron microscopy reconstruction of yeast and mammalian mitoribosomes, how they are assembled remains obscure. Here, we dissected the yeast mitoribosome large subunit (mtLSU) assembly process by systematic genomic deletion of 44 mtLSU proteins (MRPs). Analysis of the strain collection unveiled 37 proteins essential for functional mtLSU assembly, three of which are critical for mtLSU 21S rRNA stability. Hierarchical cluster analysis of mtLSU subassemblies accumulated in mutant strains revealed co-operative assembly of protein sets forming structural clusters and preassembled modules. It also indicated crucial roles for mitochondrion-specific membrane-binding MRPs in anchoring newly transcribed 21S rRNA to the inner membrane, where assembly proceeds. Our results define the yeast mtLSU assembly landscape in vivo and provide a foundation for studies of mitoribosome assembly across evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zeng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1420 NW 9th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Erin Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1420 NW 9th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Antoni Barrientos
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 1420 NW 9th Ave, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
de Beaurepaire I, Grévent D, Rio M, Desguerre I, de Lonlay P, Levy R, Dangouloff-Ros V, Bonnefont JP, Barcia G, Funalot B, Besmond C, Metodiev MD, Ruzzenente B, Assouline Z, Munnich A, Rötig A, Boddaert N. High predictive value of brain MRI imaging in primary mitochondrial respiratory chain deficiency. J Med Genet 2018; 55:378-383. [DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2017-105094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BackgroundBecause the mitochondrial respiratory chain (RC) is ubiquitous, its deficiency can theoretically give rise to any symptom in any organ or tissue at any age with any mode of inheritance, owing to the twofold genetic origin of respiratory enzyme machinery, that is, nuclear and mitochondrial. Not all respiratory enzyme deficiencies are primary and secondary or artefactual deficiency is frequently observed, leading to a number of misleading conclusions and inappropriate investigations in clinical practice. This study is aimed at investigating the potential role of brain MRI in distinguishing primary RC deficiency from phenocopies and other aetiologies.MethodsStarting from a large series of 189 patients (median age: 3.5 years (8 days–56 years), 58% males) showing signs of RC enzyme deficiency, for whom both brain MRIs and disease-causing mutations were available, we retrospectively studied the positive predictive value (PPV) and the positive likelihood ratio (LR+) of brain MRI imaging and its ability to discriminate between two groups: primary deficiency of the mitochondrial RC machinery and phenocopies.ResultsDetection of (1) brainstem hyperintensity with basal ganglia involvement (P≤0.001) and (2) lactate peak with either brainstem or basal ganglia hyperintensity was highly suggestive of primary RC deficiency (P≤0.01). Fourteen items had a PPV>95% and LR+ was greater than 9 for seven signs. Biallelic SLC19A3 mutations represented the main differential diagnosis. Non-significant differences between the two groups were found for cortical/subcortical atrophy, leucoencephalopathy and involvement of caudate nuclei, spinothalamic tract and corpus callosum.ConclusionBased on these results and owing to invasiveness of skeletal muscle biopsies and cost of high-throughput DNA sequencing, we suggest giving consideration to brain MRI imaging as a diagnostic marker and an informative investigation to be performed in patients showing signs of RC enzyme deficiency.
Collapse
|
44
|
Mirzaei M, Gupta VB, Chick JM, Greco TM, Wu Y, Chitranshi N, Wall RV, Hone E, Deng L, Dheer Y, Abbasi M, Rezaeian M, Braidy N, You Y, Salekdeh GH, Haynes PA, Molloy MP, Martins R, Cristea IM, Gygi SP, Graham SL, Gupta VK. Age-related neurodegenerative disease associated pathways identified in retinal and vitreous proteome from human glaucoma eyes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:12685. [PMID: 28978942 PMCID: PMC5627288 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-12858-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Glaucoma is a chronic disease that shares many similarities with other neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system. This study was designed to evaluate the association between glaucoma and other neurodegenerative disorders by investigating glaucoma-associated protein changes in the retina and vitreous humour. The multiplexed Tandem Mass Tag based proteomics (TMT-MS3) was carried out on retinal tissue and vitreous humour fluid collected from glaucoma patients and age-matched controls followed by functional pathway and protein network interaction analysis. About 5000 proteins were quantified from retinal tissue and vitreous fluid of glaucoma and control eyes. Of the differentially regulated proteins, 122 were found linked with pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Pathway analyses of differentially regulated proteins indicate defects in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation machinery. The classical complement pathway associated proteins were activated in the glaucoma samples suggesting an innate inflammatory response. The majority of common differentially regulated proteins in both tissues were members of functional protein networks associated brain changes in AD and other chronic degenerative conditions. Identification of previously reported and novel pathways in glaucoma that overlap with other CNS neurodegenerative disorders promises to provide renewed understanding of the aetiology and pathogenesis of age related neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Mirzaei
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia. .,Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| | - Veer B Gupta
- School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Joel M Chick
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Todd M Greco
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Yunqi Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nitin Chitranshi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Roshana Vander Wall
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Eugene Hone
- School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia
| | - Liting Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Yogita Dheer
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mojdeh Abbasi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mahdie Rezaeian
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nady Braidy
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yuyi You
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Save Sight Institute, Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Paul A Haynes
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark P Molloy
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ralph Martins
- School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ileana M Cristea
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
| | - Steven P Gygi
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stuart L Graham
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Save Sight Institute, Sydney University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vivek K Gupta
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Paraskevaidi M, Martin-Hirsch PL, Kyrgiou M, Martin FL. Underlying role of mitochondrial mutagenesis in the pathogenesis of a disease and current approaches for translational research. Mutagenesis 2017; 32:335-342. [PMID: 27816931 DOI: 10.1093/mutage/gew058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial diseases have been extensively investigated over the last three decades, but many questions regarding their underlying aetiologies remain unanswered. Mitochondrial dysfunction is not only responsible for a range of neurological and myopathy diseases but also considered pivotal in a broader spectrum of common diseases such as epilepsy, autism and bipolar disorder. These disorders are a challenge to diagnose and treat, as their aetiology might be multifactorial. In this review, the focus is placed on potential mechanisms capable of introducing defects in mitochondria resulting in disease. Special attention is given to the influence of xenobiotics on mitochondria; environmental factors inducing mutations or epigenetic changes in the mitochondrial genome can alter its expression and impair the whole cell's functionality. Specifically, we suggest that environmental agents can cause damage in mitochondrial DNA and consequently lead to mutagenesis. Moreover, we describe current approaches for handling mitochondrial diseases, as well as available prenatal diagnostic tests, towards eliminating these maternally inherited diseases. Undoubtedly, more research is required, as current therapeutic approaches mostly employ palliative therapies rather than targeting primary mechanisms or prophylactic approaches. Much effort is needed into further unravelling the relationship between xenobiotics and mitochondria, as the extent of influence in mitochondrial pathogenesis is increasingly recognised.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Paraskevaidi
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK
| | - Pierre L Martin-Hirsch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Central Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston PR5 6AW, UK and
| | - Maria Kyrgiou
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College, London W12 0NN, UK
| | - Francis L Martin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sissler M, González-Serrano LE, Westhof E. Recent Advances in Mitochondrial Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetases and Disease. Trends Mol Med 2017; 23:693-708. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2017.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
47
|
Santini A, Ronchi D, Garbellini M, Piga D, Protti A. Linezolid-induced lactic acidosis: the thin line between bacterial and mitochondrial ribosomes. Expert Opin Drug Saf 2017; 16:833-843. [PMID: 28538105 DOI: 10.1080/14740338.2017.1335305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Linezolid inhibits bacterial growth by targeting bacterial ribosomes and by interfering with bacterial protein synthesis. Lactic acidosis is a rare, but potentially lethal, side effect of linezolid. Areas covered: The pathogenesis of linezolid-induced lactic acidosis is reviewed with special emphasis on aspects relevant to the recognition, prevention and treatment of the syndrome. Expert opinion: Linezolid-induced lactic acidosis reflects the untoward interaction between the drug and mitochondrial ribosomes. The inhibition of mitochondrial protein synthesis diminishes the respiratory chain enzyme content and thus limits aerobic energy production. As a result, anaerobic glycolysis and lactate generation accelerate independently from tissue hypoxia. In the absence of any confirmatory test, linezolid-induced lactic acidosis should be suspected only after exclusion of other, more common, causes of lactic acidosis such as hypoxemia, anemia or low cardiac output. Normal-to-high whole-body oxygen delivery, high venous oxygen saturation and lack of response to interventions that effectively increase tissue oxygen provision all suggest a primary defect in oxygen use at the mitochondrial level. During prolonged therapy with linezolid, blood drug and lactate levels should be regularly monitored. The current standard-of-care treatment of linezolid-induced lactic acidosis consists of drug withdrawal to reverse mitochondrial intoxication and intercurrent life support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Santini
- a Dipartimento di Anestesia, Rianimazione ed Emergenza-Urgenza , Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - Dario Ronchi
- b Centro Dino Ferrari, Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy.,c UOC Neurologia , Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - Manuela Garbellini
- b Centro Dino Ferrari, Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy.,c UOC Neurologia , Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - Daniela Piga
- b Centro Dino Ferrari, Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirurgica e dei Trapianti , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy.,c UOC Neurologia , Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| | - Alessandro Protti
- a Dipartimento di Anestesia, Rianimazione ed Emergenza-Urgenza , Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda - Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico , Milan , Italy
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Raini G, Sharet R, Herrero M, Atzmon A, Shenoy A, Geiger T, Elroy-Stein O. Mutant eIF2B leads to impaired mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in vanishing white matter disease. J Neurochem 2017; 141:694-707. [PMID: 28306143 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2B (eIF2B) is a master regulator of protein synthesis under normal and stress conditions. Mutations in any of the five genes encoding its subunits lead to vanishing white matter (VWM) disease, a recessive genetic deadly illness caused by progressive loss of white matter in the brain. In this study we used fibroblasts, which are not involved in the disease, to demonstrate the involvement of eIF2B in mitochondrial function and abundance. Mass spectrometry of total proteome of mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) isolated from Eif2b5R132H/R132H mice revealed unbalanced stoichiometry of proteins involved in oxidative phosphorylation and of mitochondrial translation machinery components, among others. Mutant MEFs exhibit 55% decrease in oxygen consumption rate per mtDNA content and 47% increase in mitochondrial abundance (p < 0.005), reflecting adaptation to energy requirements. A more robust eIF2B-associated oxidative respiration deficiency was found in mutant primary astrocytes, which exhibit > 3-fold lower ATP-linked respiration per cell despite a 2-fold increase in mtDNA content (p < 0.03). The 2-fold increase in basal and stimulated glycolysis in mutant astrocytes (p ≤ 0.03), but not in MEFs, demonstrates their higher energetic needs and further explicates their involvement in the disease. The data demonstrate the critical role of eIF2B in tight coordination of expression from nuclear and mitochondrial genomes and illuminates the importance of mitochondrial function in VWM pathology. Further dissection of the signaling network associated with eIF2B function will help generating therapeutic strategies for VWM disease and possibly other neurodegenerative disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gali Raini
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Reut Sharet
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Melisa Herrero
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Andrea Atzmon
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anjana Shenoy
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tamar Geiger
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Orna Elroy-Stein
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Simon MT, Ng BG, Friederich MW, Wang RY, Boyer M, Kircher M, Collard R, Buckingham KJ, Chang R, Shendure J, Nickerson DA, Bamshad MJ, Van Hove JLK, Freeze HH, Abdenur JE. Activation of a cryptic splice site in the mitochondrial elongation factor GFM1 causes combined OXPHOS deficiency. Mitochondrion 2017; 34:84-90. [PMID: 28216230 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2017.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We report the clinical, biochemical, and molecular findings in two brothers with encephalopathy and multi-systemic disease. Abnormal transferrin glycoforms were suggestive of a type I congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG). While exome sequencing was negative for CDG related candidate genes, the testing revealed compound heterozygous mutations in the mitochondrial elongation factor G gene (GFM1). One of the mutations had been reported previously while the second, novel variant was found deep in intron 6, activating a cryptic splice site. Functional studies demonstrated decreased GFM1 protein levels, suggested disrupted assembly of mitochondrial complexes III and V and decreased activities of mitochondrial complexes I and IV, all indicating combined OXPHOS deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariella T Simon
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, USA; Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Bobby G Ng
- Human Genetics Program, Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Marisa W Friederich
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Raymond Y Wang
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Monica Boyer
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, USA
| | - Martin Kircher
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Renata Collard
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Kati J Buckingham
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Richard Chang
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Jay Shendure
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | | | - Michael J Bamshad
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Johan L K Van Hove
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Hudson H Freeze
- Human Genetics Program, Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford-Burnham-Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jose E Abdenur
- Division of Metabolic Disorders, CHOC Children's, Orange, CA, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Di Nottia M, Montanari A, Verrigni D, Oliva R, Torraco A, Fernandez-Vizarra E, Diodato D, Rizza T, Bianchi M, Catteruccia M, Zeviani M, Dionisi-Vici C, Francisci S, Bertini E, Carrozzo R. Novel mutation in mitochondrial Elongation Factor EF-Tu associated to dysplastic leukoencephalopathy and defective mitochondrial DNA translation. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:961-967. [PMID: 28132884 PMCID: PMC5335904 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial Elongation Factor Tu (EF-Tu), encoded by the TUFM gene, is a highly conserved GTPase, which is part of the mitochondrial protein translation machinery. In its activated form it delivers the aminoacyl-tRNAs to the A site of the mitochondrial ribosome. We report here on a baby girl with severe infantile macrocystic leukodystrophy with micropolygyria and a combined defect of complexes I and IV in muscle biopsy, caused by a novel mutation identified in TUFM. Using human mutant cells and the yeast model, we demonstrate the pathological role of the novel variant. Moreover, results of a molecular modeling study suggest that the mutant is inactive in mitochondrial polypeptide chain elongation, probably as a consequence of its reduced ability to bind mitochondrial aa-tRNAs. Four patients have so far been described with mutations in TUFM, and, following the first description of the disease in a single patient, we describe similar clinical and neuroradiological features in an additional patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michela Di Nottia
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Arianna Montanari
- Pasteur Institute Italy - Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Italy; Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Verrigni
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Romina Oliva
- Department of Sciences and Technologies, University Parthenope of Naples, Centro Direzionale Isola C4, I-80143 Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Torraco
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Daria Diodato
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Rizza
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marzia Bianchi
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Michela Catteruccia
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Zeviani
- Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Medical Research Council, Cambridge, UK
| | - Carlo Dionisi-Vici
- Division of Metabolism, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Francisci
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Bertini
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Rosalba Carrozzo
- Unit of Muscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders, Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|