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Gisriel CJ. Recent structural discoveries of photosystems I and II acclimated to absorb far-red light. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2024; 1865:149032. [PMID: 38401604 PMCID: PMC11162955 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2024.149032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Photosystems I and II are the photooxidoreductases central to oxygenic photosynthesis and canonically absorb visible light (400-700 nm). Recent investigations have revealed that certain cyanobacteria can acclimate to environments enriched in far-red light (700-800 nm), yet can still perform oxygenic photosynthesis in a process called far-red light photoacclimation, or FaRLiP. During this process, the photosystem subunits and pigment compositions are altered. Here, the current structural understanding of the photosystems expressed during FaRLiP is described. The design principles may be useful for guiding efforts to engineer shade tolerance in organisms that typically cannot utilize far-red light.
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Pohland AC, Bernát G, Geimer S, Schneider D. Mg 2+ limitation leads to a decrease in chlorophyll, resulting in an unbalanced photosynthetic apparatus in the cyanobacterium Synechocytis sp. PCC6803. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024:10.1007/s11120-024-01112-7. [PMID: 39037691 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01112-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Mg2+, the most abundant divalent cation in living cells, plays a pivotal role in numerous enzymatic reactions and is of particular importance for organisms performing oxygenic photosynthesis. Its significance extends beyond serving as the central ion of the chlorophyll molecule, as it also acts as a counterion during the light reaction to balance the proton gradient across the thylakoid membranes. In this study, we investigated the effects of Mg2+ limitation on the physiology of the well-known model microorganism Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. Our findings reveal that Mg2+ deficiency triggers both morphological and functional changes. As seen in other oxygenic photosynthetic organisms, Mg2+ deficiency led to a decrease in cellular chlorophyll concentration. Moreover, the PSI-to-PSII ratio decreased, impacting the photosynthetic efficiency of the cell. In line with this, Mg2+ deficiency led to a change in the proton gradient built up across the thylakoid membrane upon illumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Christin Pohland
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 17, Mainz, 55128, Germany
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Tihany, Hungary
| | - Gábor Bernát
- HUN-REN Balaton Limnological Research Institute, Tihany, Hungary
| | - Stefan Geimer
- Cell Biology and Electron Microscopy, University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Dirk Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Hanns-Dieter-Hüsch-Weg 17, Mainz, 55128, Germany.
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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3
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Cherepanov DA, Petrova AA, Fadeeva MS, Gostev FE, Shelaev IV, Nadtochenko VA, Semenov AY. Specificity of Photochemical Energy Conversion in Photosystem I from the Green Microalga Chlorella ohadii. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2024; 89:1133-1145. [PMID: 38981706 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297924060129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Primary excitation energy transfer and charge separation in photosystem I (PSI) from the extremophile desert green alga Chlorella ohadii grown in low light were studied using broadband femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy in the spectral range from 400 to 850 nm and in the time range from 50 fs to 500 ps. Photochemical reactions were induced by the excitation into the blue and red edges of the chlorophyll Qy absorption band and compared with similar processes in PSI from the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. When PSI from C. ohadii was excited at 660 nm, the processes of energy redistribution in the light-harvesting antenna complex were observed within a time interval of up to 25 ps, while formation of the stable radical ion pair P700+A1- was kinetically heterogeneous with characteristic times of 25 and 120 ps. When PSI was excited into the red edge of the Qy band at 715 nm, primary charge separation reactions occurred within the time range of 7 ps in half of the complexes. In the remaining complexes, formation of the radical ion pair P700+A1- was limited by the energy transfer and occurred with a characteristic time of 70 ps. Similar photochemical reactions in PSI from Synechocystis 6803 were significantly faster: upon excitation at 680 nm, formation of the primary radical ion pairs occurred with a time of 3 ps in ~30% complexes. Excitation at 720 nm resulted in kinetically unresolvable ultrafast primary charge separation in 50% complexes, and subsequent formation of P700+A1- was observed within 25 ps. The photodynamics of PSI from C. ohadii was noticeably similar to the excitation energy transfer and charge separation in PSI from the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii; however, the dynamics of energy transfer in C. ohadii PSI also included slower components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A Cherepanov
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
- Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia
| | - Anastasiya A Petrova
- Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia
| | - Mariya S Fadeeva
- The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Fedor E Gostev
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Ivan V Shelaev
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Victor A Nadtochenko
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Alexey Yu Semenov
- Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
- Belozersky Research Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia
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Naschberger A, Fadeeva M, Klaiman D, Borovikova-Sheinker A, Caspy I, Nelson N, Amunts A. Structure of plant photosystem I in a native assembly state defines PsaF as a regulatory checkpoint. NATURE PLANTS 2024; 10:874-879. [PMID: 38816499 PMCID: PMC11208149 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-024-01699-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Plant photosystem I (PSI) consists of at least 13 nuclear-encoded and 4 chloroplast-encoded subunits that together act as a sunlight-driven oxidoreductase. Here we report the structure of a PSI assembly intermediate that we isolated from greening oat seedlings. The assembly intermediate shows an absence of at least eight subunits, including PsaF and LHCI, and lacks photoreduction activity. The data show that PsaF is a regulatory checkpoint that promotes the assembly of LHCI, effectively coupling biogenesis to function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Naschberger
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden
| | - Mariia Fadeeva
- The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daniel Klaiman
- The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Anna Borovikova-Sheinker
- The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ido Caspy
- The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nathan Nelson
- The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Alexey Amunts
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Solna, Sweden.
- Westlake University, Hangzhou, China.
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5
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Kirpich JS, Luo L, Nelson MR, Agarwala N, Xu W, Hastings G. Is the A -1 Pigment in Photosystem I Part of P700? A (P700 +-P700) FTIR Difference Spectroscopy Study of A -1 Mutants. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4839. [PMID: 38732056 PMCID: PMC11084411 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The involvement of the second pair of chlorophylls, termed A-1A and A-1B, in light-induced electron transfer in photosystem I (PSI) is currently debated. Asparagines at PsaA600 and PsaB582 are involved in coordinating the A-1B and A-1A pigments, respectively. Here we have mutated these asparagine residues to methionine in two single mutants and a double mutant in PSI from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, which we term NA600M, NB582M, and NA600M/NB582M mutants. (P700+-P700) FTIR difference spectra (DS) at 293 K were obtained for the wild-type and the three mutant PSI samples. The wild-type and mutant FTIR DS differ considerably. This difference indicates that the observed changes in the (P700+-P700) FTIR DS cannot be due to only the PA and PB pigments of P700. Comparison of the wild-type and mutant FTIR DS allows the assignment of different features to both A-1 pigments in the FTIR DS for wild-type PSI and assesses how these features shift upon cation formation and upon mutation. While the exact role the A-1 pigments play in the species we call P700 is unclear, we demonstrate that the vibrational modes of the A-1A and A-1B pigments are modified upon P700+ formation. Previously, we showed that the A-1 pigments contribute to P700 in green algae. In this manuscript, we demonstrate that this is also the case in cyanobacterial PSI. The nature of the mutation-induced changes in algal and cyanobacterial PSI is similar and can be considered within the same framework, suggesting a universality in the nature of P700 in different photosynthetic organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia S. Kirpich
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Lujun Luo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA
| | - Michael R. Nelson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Neva Agarwala
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Wu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA
| | - Gary Hastings
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
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Luo L, Martin AP, Tandoh EK, Chistoserdov A, Slipchenko LV, Savikhin S, Xu W. Impact of Peripheral Hydrogen Bond on Electronic Properties of the Primary Acceptor Chlorophyll in the Reaction Center of Photosystem I. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4815. [PMID: 38732034 PMCID: PMC11084960 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Photosystem I (PS I) is a photosynthetic pigment-protein complex that absorbs light and uses the absorbed energy to initiate electron transfer. Electron transfer has been shown to occur concurrently along two (A- and B-) branches of reaction center (RC) cofactors. The electron transfer chain originates from a special pair of chlorophyll a molecules (P700), followed by two chlorophylls and one phylloquinone in each branch (denoted as A-1, A0, A1, respectively), converging in a single iron-sulfur complex Fx. While there is a consensus that the ultimate electron donor-acceptor pair is P700+A0-, the involvement of A-1 in electron transfer, as well as the mechanism of the very first step in the charge separation sequence, has been under debate. To resolve this question, multiple groups have targeted electron transfer cofactors by site-directed mutations. In this work, the peripheral hydrogen bonds to keto groups of A0 chlorophylls have been disrupted by mutagenesis. Four mutants were generated: PsaA-Y692F; PsaB-Y667F; PsaB-Y667A; and a double mutant PsaA-Y692F/PsaB-Y667F. Contrary to expectations, but in agreement with density functional theory modeling, the removal of the hydrogen bond by Tyr → Phe substitution was found to have a negligible effect on redox potentials and optical absorption spectra of respective chlorophylls. In contrast, Tyr → Ala substitution was shown to have a fatal effect on the PS I function. It is thus inferred that PsaA-Y692 and PsaB-Y667 residues have primarily structural significance, and their ability to coordinate respective chlorophylls in electron transfer via hydrogen bond plays a minor role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujun Luo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA; (L.L.)
| | - Antoine P. Martin
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Elijah K. Tandoh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA; (L.L.)
| | - Andrei Chistoserdov
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA
| | | | - Sergei Savikhin
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Wu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA; (L.L.)
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Kim RG, Huang W, Findinier J, Bunbury F, Redekop P, Shrestha R, Grismer TS, Vilarrasa-Blasi J, Jinkerson RE, Fakhimi N, Fauser F, Jonikas MC, Onishi M, Xu SL, Grossman AR. Chloroplast Methyltransferase Homolog RMT2 is Involved in Photosystem I Biogenesis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.21.572672. [PMID: 38187728 PMCID: PMC10769443 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.21.572672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen (O2), a dominant element in the atmosphere and essential for most life on Earth, is produced by the photosynthetic oxidation of water. However, metabolic activity can cause accumulation of reactive O2 species (ROS) and severe cell damage. To identify and characterize mechanisms enabling cells to cope with ROS, we performed a high-throughput O2 sensitivity screen on a genome-wide insertional mutant library of the unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. This screen led to identification of a gene encoding a protein designated Rubisco methyltransferase 2 (RMT2). Although homologous to methyltransferases, RMT2 has not been experimentally demonstrated to have methyltransferase activity. Furthermore, the rmt2 mutant was not compromised for Rubisco (first enzyme of Calvin-Benson Cycle) levels but did exhibit a marked decrease in accumulation/activity of photosystem I (PSI), which causes light sensitivity, with much less of an impact on other photosynthetic complexes. This mutant also shows increased accumulation of Ycf3 and Ycf4, proteins critical for PSI assembly. Rescue of the mutant phenotype with a wild-type (WT) copy of RMT2 fused to the mNeonGreen fluorophore indicates that the protein localizes to the chloroplast and appears to be enriched in/around the pyrenoid, an intrachloroplast compartment present in many algae that is packed with Rubisco and potentially hypoxic. These results indicate that RMT2 serves an important role in PSI biogenesis which, although still speculative, may be enriched around or within the pyrenoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick G. Kim
- Department of Biosphere Science and Engineering, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Weichao Huang
- Department of Biosphere Science and Engineering, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Justin Findinier
- Department of Biosphere Science and Engineering, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Freddy Bunbury
- Department of Biosphere Science and Engineering, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Petra Redekop
- Department of Biosphere Science and Engineering, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Ruben Shrestha
- Department of Biosphere Science and Engineering, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - TaraBryn S Grismer
- Department of Biosphere Science and Engineering, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Robert E. Jinkerson
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Neda Fakhimi
- Department of Biosphere Science and Engineering, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Friedrich Fauser
- Department of Biosphere Science and Engineering, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Martin C. Jonikas
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Masayuki Onishi
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Shou-Ling Xu
- Department of Biosphere Science and Engineering, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Arthur R. Grossman
- Department of Biosphere Science and Engineering, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Zhang J, Zhong H, Xuan N, Mushtaq R, Shao Y, Cao X, Wang P, Chen G. The Na + /Ca 2+ antiporter slr0681 affects carotenoid production in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 under high-light stress. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2024; 104:3147-3155. [PMID: 38072645 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.13205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carotenoids play key roles in photosynthesis and are widely used in foods as natural pigments, antioxidants, and health-promoting compounds. Enhancing carotenoid production in microalgae via biotechnology has become an important area of research. RESULTS We knocked out the Na+ /Ca2+ antiporter gene slr0681 in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 via homologous recombination and evaluated the effects on carotenoid production under normal (NL) and high-light (HL) conditions. On day 7 of NL treatment in calcium ion (Ca2+ )-free medium, the cell density of Δslr0681 decreased by 29% compared to the wild type (WT). After 8 days of HL treatment, the total carotenoid contents decreased by 35% in Δslr0681, and the contents of individual carotenoids were altered: myxoxanthophyll, echinenone, and β-carotene contents increased by 10%, 50%, and 40%, respectively, while zeaxanthin contents decreased by ~40% in Δslr0681 versus the WT. The expression patterns of carotenoid metabolic pathway genes also differed: ipi expression increased by 1.2- to 8.5-fold, whereas crtO and crtR expression decreased by ~90% and 60%, respectively, in ∆slr0681 versus the WT. In addition, in ∆slr0681, the expression level of psaB (encoding a photosystem I structural protein) doubled, whereas the expression levels of the photosystem II genes psbA2 and psbD decreased by ~53% and 84%, respectively, compared to the WT. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that slr0681 plays important roles in regulating carotenoid biosynthesis and structuring of the photosystems in Synechocystis sp. This study provides a theoretical basis for the genetic engineering of microalgae photosystems to increase their economic benefits and lays the foundation for developing microalgae germplasm resources with high carotenoid contents. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaye Zhang
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Huairong Zhong
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, China
| | - Ning Xuan
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, China
| | - Rubina Mushtaq
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, China
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yahui Shao
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Cao
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, China
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Pengchong Wang
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Ecology and Physiology, Jinan, China
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9
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Zazubovich V, Jankowiak R. High-Resolution Frequency-Domain Spectroscopic and Modeling Studies of Photosystem I (PSI), PSI Mutants and PSI Supercomplexes. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3850. [PMID: 38612659 PMCID: PMC11011720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) is one of the two main pigment-protein complexes where the primary steps of oxygenic photosynthesis take place. This review describes low-temperature frequency-domain experiments (absorption, emission, circular dichroism, resonant and non-resonant hole-burned spectra) and modeling efforts reported for PSI in recent years. In particular, we focus on the spectral hole-burning studies, which are not as common in photosynthesis research as the time-domain spectroscopies. Experimental and modeling data obtained for trimeric cyanobacterial Photosystem I (PSI3), PSI3 mutants, and PSI3-IsiA18 supercomplexes are analyzed to provide a more comprehensive understanding of their excitonic structure and excitation energy transfer (EET) processes. Detailed information on the excitonic structure of photosynthetic complexes is essential to determine the structure-function relationship. We will focus on the so-called "red antenna states" of cyanobacterial PSI, as these states play an important role in photochemical processes and EET pathways. The high-resolution data and modeling studies presented here provide additional information on the energetics of the lowest energy states and their chlorophyll (Chl) compositions, as well as the EET pathways and how they are altered by mutations. We present evidence that the low-energy traps observed in PSI are excitonically coupled states with significant charge-transfer (CT) character. The analysis presented for various optical spectra of PSI3 and PSI3-IsiA18 supercomplexes allowed us to make inferences about EET from the IsiA18 ring to the PSI3 core and demonstrate that the number of entry points varies between sample preparations studied by different groups. In our most recent samples, there most likely are three entry points for EET from the IsiA18 ring per the PSI core monomer, with two of these entry points likely being located next to each other. Therefore, there are nine entry points from the IsiA18 ring to the PSI3 trimer. We anticipate that the data discussed below will stimulate further research in this area, providing even more insight into the structure-based models of these important cyanobacterial photosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valter Zazubovich
- Department of Physics, Concordia University, Montreal, QC H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Ryszard Jankowiak
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
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10
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Mäusle SM, Agarwala N, Eichmann VG, Dau H, Nürnberg DJ, Hastings G. Nanosecond time-resolved infrared spectroscopy for the study of electron transfer in photosystem I. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024; 159:229-239. [PMID: 37420121 PMCID: PMC10991071 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-023-01035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
Microsecond time-resolved step-scan FTIR difference spectroscopy was used to study photosystem I (PSI) from Thermosynechococcus vestitus BP-1 (T. vestitus, formerly known as T. elongatus) at 77 K. In addition, photoaccumulated (P700+-P700) FTIR difference spectra were obtained at both 77 and 293 K. The FTIR difference spectra are presented here for the first time. To extend upon these FTIR studies nanosecond time-resolved infrared difference spectroscopy was also used to study PSI from T. vestitus at 296 K. Nanosecond infrared spectroscopy has never been used to study PSI samples at physiological temperatures, and here it is shown that such an approach has great value as it allows a direct probe of electron transfer down both branches in PSI. In PSI at 296 K, the infrared flash-induced absorption changes indicate electron transfer down the B- and A-branches is characterized by time constants of 33 and 364 ns, respectively, in good agreement with visible spectroscopy studies. These time constants are associated with forward electron transfer from A1- to FX on the B- and A-branches, respectively. At several infrared wavelengths flash-induced absorption changes at 296 K recover in tens to hundreds of milliseconds. The dominant decay phase is characterized by a lifetime of 128 ms. These millisecond changes are assigned to radical pair recombination reactions, with the changes being associated primarily with P700+ rereduction. This conclusion follows from the observation that the millisecond infrared spectrum is very similar to the photoaccumulated (P700+-P700) FTIR difference spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Mäusle
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Neva Agarwala
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA
| | - Viktor G Eichmann
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Holger Dau
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Dennis J Nürnberg
- Department of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany.
- Dahlem Centre of Plant Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Gary Hastings
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, 30303, USA.
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11
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Akhtar P, Balog-Vig F, Kuntam S, Tóth SZ, Lambrev PH. Function of iron-stress-induced protein A in cyanobacterial cells with monomeric and trimeric photosystem I. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 194:1397-1410. [PMID: 37850879 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
The acclimation of cyanobacteria to iron deficiency is crucial for their survival in natural environments. In response to iron deficiency, many cyanobacterial species induce the production of a pigment-protein complex called iron-stress-induced protein A (IsiA). IsiA proteins associate with photosystem I (PSI) and can function as light-harvesting antennas or dissipate excess energy. They may also serve as chlorophyll storage during iron limitation. In this study, we examined the functional role of IsiA in cells of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 grown under iron limitation conditions by measuring the cellular IsiA content and its capability to transfer energy to PSI. We specifically tested the effect of the oligomeric state of PSI by comparing wild-type (WT) Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 with mutants lacking specific subunits of PSI, namely PsaL/PsaI (PSI subunits XI/VIII) and PsaF/PsaJ (PSI subunits III/IX). Time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy revealed that IsiA formed functional PSI3-IsiA18 supercomplexes, wherein IsiA effectively transfers energy to PSI on a timescale of 10 ps at room temperature-measured in isolated complexes and in vivo-confirming the primary role of IsiA as an accessory light-harvesting antenna to PSI. However, a notable fraction (40%) remained unconnected to PSI, supporting the notion of a dual functional role of IsiA. Cells with monomeric PSI under iron deficiency contained, on average, only 3 to 4 IsiA complexes bound to PSI. These results show that IsiA can transfer energy to trimeric and monomeric PSI but to varying degrees and that the acclimatory production of IsiA under iron stress is controlled by its ability to perform its light-harvesting function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Akhtar
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Institute of Plant Biology, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Fanny Balog-Vig
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Institute of Plant Biology, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Soujanya Kuntam
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Institute of Plant Biology, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Szilvia Z Tóth
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Institute of Plant Biology, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Petar H Lambrev
- HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Institute of Plant Biology, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
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12
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Kimura A, Kitoh-Nishioka H, Kondo T, Oh-Oka H, Itoh S, Azai C. Experimental and Theoretical Mutation of Exciton States on the Smallest Type-I Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex of a Green Sulfur Bacterium Chlorobaclum tepidum. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:731-743. [PMID: 38198639 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c07424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The exciton states on the smallest type-I photosynthetic reaction center complex of a green sulfur bacterium Chlorobaculum tepidum (GsbRC) consisting of 26 bacteriochlorophylls a (BChl a) and four chlorophylls a (Chl a) located on the homodimer of two PscA reaction center polypeptides were investigated. This analysis involved the study of exciton states through a combination of theoretical modeling and the genetic removal of BChl a pigments at eight sites. (1) A theoretical model of the pigment assembly exciton state on GsbRC was constructed using Poisson TrESP (P-TrESP) and charge density coupling (CDC) methods based on structural information. The model reproduced the experimentally obtained absorption spectrum, circular dichroism spectrum, and excitation transfer dynamics, as well as explained the effects of mutation. (2) Eight BChl a molecules at different locations on the GsbRC were selectively removed by genetic exchange of the His residue, which ligates the central Mg atom of BChl a, with the Leu residue on either one or two PscAs in the RC. His locations are conserved among all type-I RC plant polypeptide, cyanobacteria, and bacteria amino acid sequences. (3) Purified mutant-GsbRCs demonstrated distinct absorption and fluorescence spectra at 77 K, which were different from each other, suggesting successful pigment removal. (4) The same mutations were applied to the constructed theoretical model to analyze the outcomes of these mutations. (5) The combination of theoretical predictions and experimental mutations based on structural information is a new tool for studying the function and evolution of photosynthetic reaction centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Kimura
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Kitoh-Nishioka
- Department of Energy and Materials, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Toru Kondo
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Hirozo Oh-Oka
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Shigeru Itoh
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Chihiro Azai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
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13
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Biswas A, Akhtar P, Lambrev PH, van Stokkum IH. Energy transfer from phycobilisomes to photosystem I at room temperature. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1300532. [PMID: 38259910 PMCID: PMC10800844 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1300532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The phycobilisomes function as the primary light-harvesting antennae in cyanobacteria and red algae, effectively harvesting and transferring excitation energy to both photosystems. Here we investigate the direct energy transfer route from the phycobilisomes to photosystem I at room temperature in a mutant of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 that lacks photosystem II. The excitation dynamics are studied by picosecond time-resolved fluorescence measurements in combination with global and target analysis. Global analysis revealed several fast equilibration time scales and a decay of the equilibrated system with a time constant of ≈220 ps. From simultaneous target analysis of measurements with two different excitations of 400 nm (chlorophyll a) and 580 nm (phycobilisomes) a transfer rate of 42 ns-1 from the terminal emitter of the phycobilisome to photosystem I was estimated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avratanu Biswas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLaB, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Insitute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Parveen Akhtar
- Insitute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Petar H. Lambrev
- Insitute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ivo H.M. van Stokkum
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLaB, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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14
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van Stokkum IHM, Akhtar P, Biswas A, Lambrev PH. Energy transfer from phycobilisomes to photosystem I at 77 K. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1293813. [PMID: 38078099 PMCID: PMC10702739 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1293813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Phycobilisomes serve as a light-harvesting antenna of both photosystem I (PSI) and II (PSII) in cyanobacteria, yet direct energy transfer from phycobilisomes to PSI is not well documented. Here we recorded picosecond time-resolved fluorescence at wavelengths of 605-760 nm in isolated photosystem I (PSI), phycobilisomes and intact cells of a PSII-deficient mutant of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 at 77 K to study excitation energy transfer and trapping. By means of a simultaneous target analysis of the kinetics of isolated complexes and whole cells, the pathways and dynamics of energy transfer in vitro and in vivo were established. We establish that the timescale of the slowest equilibration between different terminal emitters in the phycobilisome is ≈800 ps. It was estimated that the terminal emitter in about 40% of the phycobilisomes transfers its energy with a rate constant of 42 ns-1 to PSI. This energy transfer rate is higher than the rates of equilibration within the phycobilisome - between the rods and the core or between the core cylinders - and is evidence for the existence of specific phycobilisome-PSI interactions. The rest of the phycobilisomes remain unconnected or slowly transferring energy to PSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo H. M. van Stokkum
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLaB, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Parveen Akhtar
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Avratanu Biswas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and LaserLaB, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Petar H. Lambrev
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
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15
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Gisriel CJ, Bryant DA, Brudvig GW, Cardona T. Molecular diversity and evolution of far-red light-acclimated photosystem I. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1289199. [PMID: 38053766 PMCID: PMC10694217 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1289199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
The need to acclimate to different environmental conditions is central to the evolution of cyanobacteria. Far-red light (FRL) photoacclimation, or FaRLiP, is an acclimation mechanism that enables certain cyanobacteria to use FRL to drive photosynthesis. During this process, a well-defined gene cluster is upregulated, resulting in changes to the photosystems that allow them to absorb FRL to perform photochemistry. Because FaRLiP is widespread, and because it exemplifies cyanobacterial adaptation mechanisms in nature, it is of interest to understand its molecular evolution. Here, we performed a phylogenetic analysis of the photosystem I subunits encoded in the FaRLiP gene cluster and analyzed the available structural data to predict ancestral characteristics of FRL-absorbing photosystem I. The analysis suggests that FRL-specific photosystem I subunits arose relatively late during the evolution of cyanobacteria when compared with some of the FRL-specific subunits of photosystem II, and that the order Nodosilineales, which include strains like Halomicronema hongdechloris and Synechococcus sp. PCC 7335, could have obtained FaRLiP via horizontal gene transfer. We show that the ancestral form of FRL-absorbing photosystem I contained three chlorophyll f-binding sites in the PsaB2 subunit, and a rotated chlorophyll a molecule in the A0B site of the electron transfer chain. Along with our previous study of photosystem II expressed during FaRLiP, these studies describe the molecular evolution of the photosystem complexes encoded by the FaRLiP gene cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Donald A. Bryant
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, United States
| | - Gary W. Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Tanai Cardona
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
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16
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Gerle C, Misumi Y, Kawamoto A, Tanaka H, Kubota-Kawai H, Tokutsu R, Kim E, Chorev D, Abe K, Robinson CV, Mitsuoka K, Minagawa J, Kurisu G. Three structures of PSI-LHCI from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii suggest a resting state re-activated by ferredoxin. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOENERGETICS 2023; 1864:148986. [PMID: 37270022 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2023.148986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, with various numbers of membrane bound antenna complexes (LHCI), has been described in great detail. In contrast, structural characterization of soluble binding partners is less advanced. Here, we used X-ray crystallography and single particle cryo-EM to investigate three structures of the PSI-LHCI supercomplex from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. An X-ray structure demonstrates the absence of six chlorophylls from the luminal side of the LHCI belts, suggesting these pigments were either physically absent or less stably associated with the complex, potentially influencing excitation transfer significantly. CryoEM revealed extra densities on luminal and stromal sides of the supercomplex, situated in the vicinity of the electron transfer sites. These densities disappeared after the binding of oxidized ferredoxin to PSI-LHCI. Based on these structures, we propose the existence of a PSI-LHCI resting state with a reduced active chlorophyll content, electron donors docked in waiting positions and regulatory binding partners positioned at the electron acceptor site. The resting state PSI-LHCI supercomplex would be recruited to its active form by the availability of oxidized ferredoxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Gerle
- Life Science Research Infrastructure Group, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Kouto, Hyogo, Japan; Laboratory for Protein Crystallography, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Yuko Misumi
- Laboratory for Protein Crystallography, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kawamoto
- Laboratory for Protein Crystallography, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideaki Tanaka
- Laboratory for Protein Crystallography, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hisako Kubota-Kawai
- Faculty of Science, Department of Science, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan; National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Tokutsu
- National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Eunchul Kim
- National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Dror Chorev
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford University, United Kingdom
| | - Kazuhiro Abe
- Cellular and Structural Physiology Institute, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan; Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Carol V Robinson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford University, United Kingdom
| | - Kaoru Mitsuoka
- Research Center for Ultra-High Voltage Electron Microscopy, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Minagawa
- National Institute for Basic Biology, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, Okazaki, Japan; Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, the Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Sokendai, Okazaki, Japan
| | - Genji Kurisu
- Laboratory for Protein Crystallography, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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17
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Miao R, Jahn M, Shabestary K, Peltier G, Hudson EP. CRISPR interference screens reveal growth-robustness tradeoffs in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 across growth conditions. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:3937-3956. [PMID: 37494719 PMCID: PMC10615215 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Barcoded mutant libraries are a powerful tool for elucidating gene function in microbes, particularly when screened in multiple growth conditions. Here, we screened a pooled CRISPR interference library of the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 in 11 bioreactor-controlled conditions, spanning multiple light regimes and carbon sources. This gene repression library contained 21,705 individual mutants with high redundancy over all open reading frames and noncoding RNAs. Comparison of the derived gene fitness scores revealed multiple instances of gene repression being beneficial in 1 condition while generally detrimental in others, particularly for genes within light harvesting and conversion, such as antennae components at high light and PSII subunits during photoheterotrophy. Suboptimal regulation of such genes likely represents a tradeoff of reduced growth speed for enhanced robustness to perturbation. The extensive data set assigns condition-specific importance to many previously unannotated genes and suggests additional functions for central metabolic enzymes. Phosphoribulokinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, and the small protein CP12 were critical for mixotrophy and photoheterotrophy, which implicates the ternary complex as important for redirecting metabolic flux in these conditions in addition to inactivation of the Calvin cycle in the dark. To predict the potency of sgRNA sequences, we applied machine learning on sgRNA sequences and gene repression data, which showed the importance of C enrichment and T depletion proximal to the PAM site. Fitness data for all genes in all conditions are compiled in an interactive web application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Miao
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH—Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-17165,Sweden
| | - Michael Jahn
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH—Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-17165,Sweden
- Max Planck Unit for the Science of Pathogens, 10117 Berlin,Germany
| | - Kiyan Shabestary
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH—Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-17165,Sweden
- Department of Bioengineering and Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ,UK
| | - Gilles Peltier
- Aix Marseille Univ, CEA, CNRS, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies Aix-Marseille, CEA Cadarache, 13108 Saint Paul-Lez-Durance,France
| | - Elton P Hudson
- School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Science for Life Laboratory, KTH—Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-17165,Sweden
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18
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Zhao Z, Vercellino I, Knoppová J, Sobotka R, Murray JW, Nixon PJ, Sazanov LA, Komenda J. The Ycf48 accessory factor occupies the site of the oxygen-evolving manganese cluster during photosystem II biogenesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4681. [PMID: 37542031 PMCID: PMC10403576 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40388-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Robust oxygenic photosynthesis requires a suite of accessory factors to ensure efficient assembly and repair of the oxygen-evolving photosystem two (PSII) complex. The highly conserved Ycf48 assembly factor binds to the newly synthesized D1 reaction center polypeptide and promotes the initial steps of PSII assembly, but its binding site is unclear. Here we use cryo-electron microscopy to determine the structure of a cyanobacterial PSII D1/D2 reaction center assembly complex with Ycf48 attached. Ycf48, a 7-bladed beta propeller, binds to the amino-acid residues of D1 that ultimately ligate the water-oxidising Mn4CaO5 cluster, thereby preventing the premature binding of Mn2+ and Ca2+ ions and protecting the site from damage. Interactions with D2 help explain how Ycf48 promotes assembly of the D1/D2 complex. Overall, our work provides valuable insights into the early stages of PSII assembly and the structural changes that create the binding site for the Mn4CaO5 cluster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyu Zhao
- Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, S. Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Irene Vercellino
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428, Jülich, Germany
| | - Jana Knoppová
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň, 379 81, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň, 379 81, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, České Budĕjovice, 37005, Czech Republic
| | - James W Murray
- Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, S. Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Peter J Nixon
- Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, S. Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Leonid A Sazanov
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 3400, Klosterneuburg, Austria.
| | - Josef Komenda
- Institute of Microbiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Opatovický mlýn, Třeboň, 379 81, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, České Budĕjovice, 37005, Czech Republic.
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19
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Zhang S, Tang K, Yan Q, Li X, Shen L, Wang W, He YK, Kuang T, Han G, Shen JR, Zhang X. Structural insights into a unique PSI-LHCI-LHCII-Lhcb9 supercomplex from moss Physcomitrium patens. NATURE PLANTS 2023; 9:832-846. [PMID: 37095225 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-023-01401-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) possesses a variable supramolecular organization among different photosynthetic organisms to adapt to different light environments. Mosses are evolutionary intermediates that diverged from aquatic green algae and evolved into land plants. The moss Physcomitrium patens (P. patens) has a light-harvesting complex (LHC) superfamily more diverse than those of green algae and higher plants. Here, we solved the structure of a PSI-LHCI-LHCII-Lhcb9 supercomplex from P. patens at 2.68 Å resolution using cryo-electron microscopy. This supercomplex contains one PSI-LHCI, one phosphorylated LHCII trimer, one moss-specific LHC protein, Lhcb9, and one additional LHCI belt with four Lhca subunits. The complete structure of PsaO was observed in the PSI core. One Lhcbm2 in the LHCII trimer interacts with PSI core through its phosphorylated N terminus, and Lhcb9 mediates assembly of the whole supercomplex. The complicated pigment arrangement provided important information for possible energy-transfer pathways from the peripheral antennae to the PSI core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Zhang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Kailu Tang
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiujing Yan
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Xingyue Li
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Liangliang Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Wenda Wang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Kun He
- College of Life Sciences, Capital Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Tingyun Kuang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China
| | - Guangye Han
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China.
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, China.
- The Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Center of Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
- Liangzhu Laboratory, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, China.
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20
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Structure of Photosystem I Supercomplex Isolated from a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii Cytochrome b6f Temperature-Sensitive Mutant. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030537. [PMID: 36979472 PMCID: PMC10046768 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The unicellular green alga, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, has been widely used as a model system to study photosynthesis. Its possibility to generate and analyze specific mutants has made it an excellent tool for mechanistic and biogenesis studies. Using negative selection of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation–mutated cells, we isolated a mutant (TSP9) with a single amino acid mutation in the Rieske protein of the cytochrome b6f complex. The W143R mutation in the petC gene resulted in total loss of cytochrome b6f complex function at the non-permissive temperature of 37 °C and recovery at the permissive temperature of 25 °C. We then isolated photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) supercomplexes from cells grown at the non-permissive temperature and determined the PSI structure with high-resolution cryogenic electron microscopy. There were several structural alterations compared with the structures obtained from wild-type cells. Our structural data suggest that the mutant responded by excluding the Lhca2, Lhca9, PsaL, and PsaH subunits. This structural alteration prevents state two transition, where LHCII migrates from PSII to bind to the PSI complex. We propose this as a possible response mechanism triggered by the TSP9 phenotype at the non-permissive temperature.
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21
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Abstract
Biological pigment-protein complexes (PPCs) exhibit a remarkable ability to tune the optical properties of biological excitons (bioexcitons) through specific pigment-protein interactions. While such fine-tuning allows natural systems (e.g., photosynthetic proteins) to carry out their native functions with near-optimal performance, native function itself is often suboptimal for applications such as biofuel production or quantum technology development. This perspective offers a look at near-term prospects for the rational reoptimization of PPC bioexcitons for new functions using site-directed mutagenesis. The primary focus is on the "structure-spectrum" challenge of understanding the relationships between structural features and spectroscopic properties. While recent examples demonstrate that site-directed mutagenesis can be used to tune nearly all key bioexciton parameters (e.g., site energies, interpigment couplings, and electronic-vibrational interactions), critical challenges remain before we achieve truly rational design of bioexciton properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Reppert
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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Jackson PJ, Hitchcock A, Brindley AA, Dickman MJ, Hunter CN. Absolute quantification of cellular levels of photosynthesis-related proteins in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2023; 155:219-245. [PMID: 36542271 PMCID: PMC9958174 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00990-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Quantifying cellular components is a basic and important step for understanding how a cell works, how it responds to environmental changes, and for re-engineering cells to produce valuable metabolites and increased biomass. We quantified proteins in the model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 given the general importance of cyanobacteria for global photosynthesis, for synthetic biology and biotechnology research, and their ancestral relationship to the chloroplasts of plants. Four mass spectrometry methods were used to quantify cellular components involved in the biosynthesis of chlorophyll, carotenoid and bilin pigments, membrane assembly, the light reactions of photosynthesis, fixation of carbon dioxide and nitrogen, and hydrogen and sulfur metabolism. Components of biosynthetic pathways, such as those for chlorophyll or for photosystem II assembly, range between 1000 and 10,000 copies per cell, but can be tenfold higher for CO2 fixation enzymes. The most abundant subunits are those for photosystem I, with around 100,000 copies per cell, approximately 2 to fivefold higher than for photosystem II and ATP synthase, and 5-20 fold more than for the cytochrome b6f complex. Disparities between numbers of pathway enzymes, between components of electron transfer chains, and between subunits within complexes indicate possible control points for biosynthetic processes, bioenergetic reactions and for the assembly of multisubunit complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Jackson
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK.
| | - Andrew Hitchcock
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Amanda A Brindley
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
| | - Mark J Dickman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 3JD, UK
| | - C Neil Hunter
- Plants, Photosynthesis and Soil, School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK
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23
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Utschig LM, Zaluzec NJ, Malavath T, Ponomarenko NS, Tiede DM. Solar water splitting Pt-nanoparticle photosystem I thylakoid systems: Catalyst identification, location and oligomeric structure. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA (BBA) - BIOENERGETICS 2023; 1864:148974. [PMID: 37001790 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2023.148974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic conversion of light energy into chemical energy occurs in sheet-like membrane-bound compartments called thylakoids and is mediated by large integral membrane protein-pigment complexes called reaction centers (RCs). Oxygenic photosynthesis of higher plants, cyanobacteria and algae requires the symbiotic linking of two RCs, photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI), to split water and assimilate carbon dioxide. Worldwide there is a large research investment in developing RC-based hybrids that utilize the highly evolved solar energy conversion capabilities of RCs to power catalytic reactions for solar fuel generation. Of particular interest is the solar-powered production of H2, a clean and renewable energy source that can replace carbon-based fossil fuels and help provide for ever-increasing global energy demands. Recently, we developed thylakoid membrane hybrids with abiotic catalysts and demonstrated that photosynthetic Z-scheme electron flow from the light-driven water oxidation at PSII can drive H2 production from PSI. One of these hybrid systems was created by self-assembling Pt-nanoparticles (PtNPs) with the stromal subunits of PSI that extend beyond the membrane plane in both spinach and cyanobacterial thylakoids. Using PtNPs as site-specific probe molecules, we report the electron microscopic (EM) imaging of oligomeric structure, location and organization of PSI in thylakoid membranes and provide the first direct visualization of photosynthetic Z-scheme solar water-splitting biohybrids for clean H2 production.
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24
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Nagao R, Kato K, Hamaguchi T, Ueno Y, Tsuboshita N, Shimizu S, Furutani M, Ehira S, Nakajima Y, Kawakami K, Suzuki T, Dohmae N, Akimoto S, Yonekura K, Shen JR. Structure of a monomeric photosystem I core associated with iron-stress-induced-A proteins from Anabaena sp. PCC 7120. Nat Commun 2023; 14:920. [PMID: 36805598 PMCID: PMC9938196 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36504-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron-stress-induced-A proteins (IsiAs) are expressed in cyanobacteria under iron-deficient conditions. The cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC 7120 has four isiA genes; however, their binding property and functional roles in PSI are still missing. We analyzed a cryo-electron microscopy structure of a PSI-IsiA supercomplex isolated from Anabaena grown under an iron-deficient condition. The PSI-IsiA structure contains six IsiA subunits associated with the PsaA side of a PSI core monomer. Three of the six IsiA subunits were identified as IsiA1 and IsiA2. The PSI-IsiA structure lacks a PsaL subunit; instead, a C-terminal domain of IsiA2 occupies the position of PsaL, which inhibits the oligomerization of PSI, leading to the formation of a PSI monomer. Furthermore, excitation-energy transfer from IsiAs to PSI appeared with a time constant of 55 ps. These findings provide insights into both the molecular assembly of the Anabaena IsiA family and the functional roles of IsiAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Nagao
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan. .,Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
| | - Koji Kato
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.,Structural Biology Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan
| | - Tasuku Hamaguchi
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan.,Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Ueno
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan.,Institute of Arts and Science, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, 162-8601, Japan
| | - Naoki Tsuboshita
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Shota Shimizu
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Miyu Furutani
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan
| | - Shigeki Ehira
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Nakajima
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kawakami
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Takehiro Suzuki
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Naoshi Dohmae
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Saitama, 351-0198, Japan
| | - Seiji Akimoto
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Hyogo, 657-8501, Japan.
| | - Koji Yonekura
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan. .,Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Miyagi, 980-8577, Japan. .,Advanced Electron Microscope Development Unit, RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan.
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan.
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25
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Remodeling of algal photosystem I through phosphorylation. Biosci Rep 2023; 43:232211. [PMID: 36477263 PMCID: PMC9874419 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20220369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) with its associated light-harvesting system is the most important generator of reducing power in photosynthesis. The PSI core complex is highly conserved, whereas peripheral subunits as well as light-harvesting proteins (LHCI) reveal a dynamic plasticity. Moreover, in green alga, PSI-LHCI complexes are found as monomers, dimers, and state transition complexes, where two LHCII trimers are associated. Herein, we show light-dependent phosphorylation of PSI subunits PsaG and PsaH as well as Lhca6. Potential consequences of the dynamic phosphorylation of PsaG and PsaH are structurally analyzed and discussed in regard to the formation of the monomeric, dimeric, and LHCII-associated PSI-LHCI complexes.
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26
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Structure of cyanobacterial photosystem I complexed with ferredoxin at 1.97 Å resolution. Commun Biol 2022; 5:951. [PMID: 36097054 PMCID: PMC9467995 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03926-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) is a light driven electron pump transferring electrons from Cytochrome c6 (Cyt c6) to Ferredoxin (Fd). An understanding of this electron transfer process is hampered by a paucity of structural detail concerning PSI:Fd interface and the possible binding sites of Cyt c6. Here we describe the high resolution cryo-EM structure of Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1 PSI in complex with Fd and a loosely bound Cyt c6. Side chain interactions at the PSI:Fd interface including bridging water molecules are visualized in detail. The structure explains the properties of mutants of PsaE and PsaC that affect kinetics of Fd binding and suggests a molecular switch for the dissociation of Fd upon reduction. Calorimetry-based thermodynamic analyses confirms a single binding site for Fd and demonstrates that PSI:Fd complexation is purely driven by entropy. A possible reaction cycle for the efficient transfer of electrons from Cyt c6 to Fd via PSI is proposed. In order to aid the understanding of the electron transfer process within the cyanobacterial photosystem I, its structure - when complexed with Ferredoxin - is determined at 1.97 Å resolution.
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27
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Proctor MS, Morey-Burrows FS, Canniffe DP, Martin EC, Swainsbury DJK, Johnson MP, Hunter CN, Sutherland GA, Hitchcock A. Zeta-Carotene Isomerase (Z-ISO) Is Required for Light-Independent Carotenoid Biosynthesis in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091730. [PMID: 36144332 PMCID: PMC9505123 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids are crucial photosynthetic pigments utilized for light harvesting, energy transfer, and photoprotection. Although most of the enzymes involved in carotenoid biosynthesis in chlorophototrophs are known, some are yet to be identified or fully characterized in certain organisms. A recently characterized enzyme in oxygenic phototrophs is 15-cis-zeta(ζ)-carotene isomerase (Z-ISO), which catalyzes the cis-to-trans isomerization of the central 15–15′ cis double bond in 9,15,9′-tri-cis-ζ-carotene to produce 9,9′-di-cis-ζ-carotene during the four-step conversion of phytoene to lycopene. Z-ISO is a heme B-containing enzyme best studied in angiosperms. Homologs of Z-ISO are present in organisms that use the multi-enzyme poly-cis phytoene desaturation pathway, including algae and cyanobacteria, but appear to be absent in green bacteria. Here we confirm the identity of Z-ISO in the model unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 by showing that the protein encoded by the slr1599 open reading frame has ζ-carotene isomerase activity when produced in Escherichia coli. A Synechocystis Δslr1599 mutant synthesizes a normal quota of carotenoids when grown under illumination, where the photolabile 15–15′ cis double bond of 9,15,9′-tri-cis-ζ-carotene is isomerized by light, but accumulates this intermediate and fails to produce ‘mature’ carotenoid species during light-activated heterotrophic growth, demonstrating the requirement of Z-ISO for carotenoid biosynthesis during periods of darkness. In the absence of a structure of Z-ISO, we analyze AlphaFold models of the Synechocystis, Zea mays (maize), and Arabidopsis thaliana enzymes, identifying putative protein ligands for the heme B cofactor and the substrate-binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S. Proctor
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Correspondence: (M.S.P.); (G.A.S.); (A.H.)
| | | | - Daniel P. Canniffe
- Institute of Systems, Molecular & Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7BE, UK
| | | | - David J. K. Swainsbury
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | | | - C. Neil Hunter
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - George A. Sutherland
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Correspondence: (M.S.P.); (G.A.S.); (A.H.)
| | - Andrew Hitchcock
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
- Correspondence: (M.S.P.); (G.A.S.); (A.H.)
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28
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Cherepanov DA, Semenov AY, Mamedov MD, Aybush AV, Gostev FE, Shelaev IV, Shuvalov VA, Nadtochenko VA. Current state of the primary charge separation mechanism in photosystem I of cyanobacteria. Biophys Rev 2022; 14:805-820. [PMID: 36124265 PMCID: PMC9481807 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-022-00983-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This review analyzes new data on the mechanism of ultrafast reactions of primary charge separation in photosystem I (PS I) of cyanobacteria obtained in the last decade by methods of femtosecond absorption spectroscopy. Cyanobacterial PS I from many species harbours 96 chlorophyll a (Chl a) molecules, including six specialized Chls denoted Chl1A/Chl1B (dimer P700, or PAPB), Chl2A/Chl2B, and Chl3A/Chl3B arranged in two branches, which participate in electron transfer reactions. The current data indicate that the primary charge separation occurs in a symmetric exciplex, where the special pair P700 is electronically coupled to the symmetrically located monomers Chl2A and Chl2B, which can be considered together as a symmetric exciplex Chl2APAPBChl2B with the mixed excited (Chl2APAPBChl2B)* and two charge-transfer states P700 +Chl2A - and P700 +Chl2B -. The redistribution of electrons between the branches in favor of the A-branch occurs after reduction of the Chl2A and Chl2B monomers. The formation of charge-transfer states and the symmetry breaking mechanisms were clarified by measuring the electrochromic Stark shift of β-carotene and the absorption dynamics of PS I complexes with the genetically altered Chl 2B or Chl 2A monomers. The review gives a brief description of the main methods for analyzing data obtained using femtosecond absorption spectroscopy. The energy levels of excited and charge-transfer intermediates arising in the cyanobacterial PS I are critically analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry A. Cherepanov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Kosygina Street 1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Yu Semenov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Kosygina Street 1, Moscow, Russia
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Leninskye gory 1 building, 40 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mahir D. Mamedov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Leninskye gory 1 building, 40 Moscow, Russia
| | - Arseniy V. Aybush
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Kosygina Street 1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Fedor E. Gostev
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Kosygina Street 1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan V. Shelaev
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Kosygina Street 1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir A. Shuvalov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Kosygina Street 1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor A. Nadtochenko
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991, Kosygina Street 1, Moscow, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Leninskiye Gory 1-3, Moscow, Russia
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29
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Cryo-EM structures of the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 cytochrome b6f complex with and without the regulatory PetP subunit. Biochem J 2022; 479:1487-1503. [PMID: 35726684 PMCID: PMC9342900 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20220124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In oxygenic photosynthesis, the cytochrome b6f (cytb6f) complex links the linear electron transfer (LET) reactions occurring at photosystems I and II and generates a transmembrane proton gradient via the Q-cycle. In addition to this central role in LET, cytb6f also participates in a range of processes including cyclic electron transfer (CET), state transitions and photosynthetic control. Many of the regulatory roles of cytb6f are facilitated by auxiliary proteins that differ depending upon the species, yet because of their weak and transient nature the structural details of these interactions remain unknown. An apparent key player in the regulatory balance between LET and CET in cyanobacteria is PetP, a ∼10 kDa protein that is also found in red algae but not in green algae and plants. Here, we used cryogenic electron microscopy to determine the structure of the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 cytb6f complex in the presence and absence of PetP. Our structures show that PetP interacts with the cytoplasmic side of cytb6f, displacing the C-terminus of the PetG subunit and shielding the C-terminus of cytochrome b6, which binds the heme cn cofactor that is suggested to mediate CET. The structures also highlight key differences in the mode of plastoquinone binding between cyanobacterial and plant cytb6f complexes, which we suggest may reflect the unique combination of photosynthetic and respiratory electron transfer in cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes. The structure of cytb6f from a model cyanobacterial species amenable to genetic engineering will enhance future site-directed mutagenesis studies of structure-function relationships in this crucial ET complex.
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30
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Akhtar P, Biswas A, Balog-Vig F, Domonkos I, Kovács L, Lambrev PH. Trimeric photosystem I facilitates energy transfer from phycobilisomes in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:827-838. [PMID: 35302607 PMCID: PMC9157137 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In cyanobacteria, phycobilisomes (PBS) serve as peripheral light-harvesting complexes of the two photosystems, extending their antenna size and the wavelength range of photons available for photosynthesis. The abundance of PBS, the number of phycobiliproteins they contain, and their light-harvesting function are dynamically adjusted in response to the physiological conditions. PBS are also thought to be involved in state transitions that maintain the excitation balance between the two photosystems. Unlike its eukaryotic counterpart, PSI is trimeric in many cyanobacterial species and the physiological significance of this is not well understood. Here, we compared the composition and light-harvesting function of PBS in cells of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, which has primarily trimeric PSI, and the ΔpsaL mutant, which lacks the PsaL subunit of PSI and is unable to form trimers. We also investigated a mutant additionally lacking the PsaJ and PsaF subunits of PSI. Both strains with monomeric PSI accumulated significantly more allophycocyanin per chlorophyll, indicating higher abundance of PBS. On the other hand, a higher phycocyanin:allophycocyanin ratio in the wild type suggests larger PBS or the presence of APC-less PBS (CpcL-type) that are not assembled in cells with monomeric PSI. Steady-state and time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy at room temperature and 77 K revealed that PSII receives more energy from the PBS at the expense of PSI in cells with monomeric PSI, regardless of the presence of PsaF. Taken together, these results show that the oligomeric state of PSI impacts the excitation energy flow in Synechocystis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Akhtar
- Szeged Biological Research Centre, Institute of Plant Biology, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Avratanu Biswas
- Szeged Biological Research Centre, Institute of Plant Biology, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Közép fasor 52, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Fanny Balog-Vig
- Szeged Biological Research Centre, Institute of Plant Biology, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Domonkos
- Szeged Biological Research Centre, Institute of Plant Biology, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - László Kovács
- Szeged Biological Research Centre, Institute of Plant Biology, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
| | - Petar H Lambrev
- Szeged Biological Research Centre, Institute of Plant Biology, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
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31
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Kılıç M, Gollan PJ, Lepistö A, Isojärvi J, Sakurai I, Aro E, Mulo P. Gene expression and organization of thylakoid protein complexes in the PSII-less mutant of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. PLANT DIRECT 2022; 6:e409. [PMID: 35774619 PMCID: PMC9219013 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Photosystems I and II (PSI and PSII) are the integral components of the photosynthetic electron transport chain that utilize light to provide chemical energy for CO2 fixation. In this study, we investigated how the deficiency of PSII affects the gene expression, accumulation, and organization of thylakoid protein complexes as well as physiological characteristics of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 by combining biochemical, biophysical, and transcriptomic approaches. RNA-seq analysis showed upregulated expression of genes encoding the PSII core proteins, and downregulation of genes associated with interaction between light-harvesting phycobilisomes and PSI. Two-dimensional separation of thylakoid protein complexes confirmed the lack of PSII complexes, yet unassembled PSII subunits were detected. The content of PsaB representing PSI was lower, while the content of cytochrome b6f complexes was higher in the PSII-less strain as compared with control (CS). Application of oxygraph measurements revealed higher rates of dark respiration and lower PSI activity in the mutant. The latter likely resulted from the detected decrease in the accumulation of PSI, PSI monomerization, increased proportion of energetically decoupled phycobilisomes in PSII-less cultures, and low abundance of phycocyanin. Merging the functional consequences of PSII depletion with differential protein and transcript accumulation in the mutant, in comparison to CS, identified signal transduction from the photosynthetic apparatus to the genome level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Kılıç
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life TechnologiesUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Peter J. Gollan
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life TechnologiesUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Anniina Lepistö
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life TechnologiesUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Janne Isojärvi
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life TechnologiesUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
- Present address:
Turku PET CentreUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Isamu Sakurai
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life TechnologiesUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Eva‐Mari Aro
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life TechnologiesUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
| | - Paula Mulo
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Life TechnologiesUniversity of TurkuTurkuFinland
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32
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Knoppová J, Sobotka R, Yu J, Bečková M, Pilný J, Trinugroho JP, Csefalvay L, Bína D, Nixon PJ, Komenda J. Assembly of D1/D2 complexes of photosystem II: Binding of pigments and a network of auxiliary proteins. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:790-804. [PMID: 35134246 PMCID: PMC9157124 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem II (PSII) is the multi-subunit light-driven oxidoreductase that drives photosynthetic electron transport using electrons extracted from water. To investigate the initial steps of PSII assembly, we used strains of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 arrested at early stages of PSII biogenesis and expressing affinity-tagged PSII subunits to isolate PSII reaction center assembly (RCII) complexes and their precursor D1 and D2 modules (D1mod and D2mod). RCII preparations isolated using either a His-tagged D2 or a FLAG-tagged PsbI subunit contained the previously described RCIIa and RCII* complexes that differ with respect to the presence of the Ycf39 assembly factor and high light-inducible proteins (Hlips) and a larger complex consisting of RCIIa bound to monomeric PSI. All RCII complexes contained the PSII subunits D1, D2, PsbI, PsbE, and PsbF and the assembly factors rubredoxin A and Ycf48, but we also detected PsbN, Slr1470, and the Slr0575 proteins, which all have plant homologs. The RCII preparations also contained prohibitins/stomatins (Phbs) of unknown function and FtsH protease subunits. RCII complexes were active in light-induced primary charge separation and bound chlorophylls (Chls), pheophytins, beta-carotenes, and heme. The isolated D1mod consisted of D1/PsbI/Ycf48 with some Ycf39 and Phb3, while D2mod contained D2/cytochrome b559 with co-purifying PsbY, Phb1, Phb3, FtsH2/FtsH3, CyanoP, and Slr1470. As stably bound, Chl was detected in D1mod but not D2mod, formation of RCII appears to be important for stable binding of most of the Chls and both pheophytins. We suggest that Chl can be delivered to RCII from either monomeric Photosystem I or Ycf39/Hlips complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Knoppová
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
| | - Jianfeng Yu
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Martina Bečková
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Pilný
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
| | - Joko P Trinugroho
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Ladislav Csefalvay
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
| | - David Bína
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice 370 05, Czech Republic
- Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice 370 05, Czech Republic
| | - Peter J Nixon
- Department of Life Sciences, Sir Ernst Chain Building-Wolfson Laboratories, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Josef Komenda
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre Algatech, Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Třeboň 37901, Czech Republic
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33
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Konert MM, Wysocka A, Koník P, Sobotka R. High-light-inducible proteins HliA and HliB: pigment binding and protein-protein interactions. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2022; 152:317-332. [PMID: 35218444 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-022-00904-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High-light-inducible proteins (Hlips) are single-helix transmembrane proteins that are essential for the survival of cyanobacteria under stress conditions. The model cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 contains four Hlip isoforms (HliA-D) that associate with Photosystem II (PSII) during its assembly. HliC and HliD are known to form pigmented (hetero)dimers that associate with the newly synthesized PSII reaction center protein D1 in a configuration that allows thermal dissipation of excitation energy. Thus, it is expected that they photoprotect the early steps of PSII biogenesis. HliA and HliB, on the other hand, bind the PSII inner antenna protein CP47, but the mode of interaction and pigment binding have not been resolved. Here, we isolated His-tagged HliA and HliB from Synechocystis and show that these two very similar Hlips do not interact with each other as anticipated, rather they form HliAC and HliBC heterodimers. Both dimers bind Chl and β-carotene in a quenching conformation and associate with the CP47 assembly module as well as later PSII assembly intermediates containing CP47. In the absence of HliC, the cellular levels of HliA and HliB were reduced, and both bound atypically to HliD. We postulate a model in which HliAC-, HliBC-, and HliDC-dimers are the functional Hlip units in Synechocystis. The smallest Hlip, HliC, acts as a 'generalist' that prevents unspecific dimerization of PSII assembly intermediates, while the N-termini of 'specialists' (HliA, B or D) dictate interactions with proteins other than Hlips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minna M Konert
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Novohradská 237 - Opatovický mlýn, 37901, Třeboň, Czech Republic.
| | - Anna Wysocka
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Novohradská 237 - Opatovický mlýn, 37901, Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Koník
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Novohradská 237 - Opatovický mlýn, 37901, Třeboň, Czech Republic
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Kimura A, Kitoh-Nishioka H, Aota T, Hamaguchi T, Yonekura K, Kawakami K, Shinzawa-Itoh K, Inoue-Kashino N, Ifuku K, Yamashita E, Kashino Y, Itoh S. Theoretical Model of the Far-Red-Light-Adapted Photosystem I Reaction Center of Cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina Using Chlorophyll d and the Effect of Chlorophyll Exchange. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:4009-4021. [PMID: 35617171 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c00869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A theoretical model of the far-red-light-adapted photosystem I (PSI) reaction center (RC) complex of a cyanobacterium, Acaryochloris marina (AmPSI), was constructed based on the exciton theory and the recently identified molecular structure of AmPSI by Hamaguchi et al. (Nat. Commun., 2021, 12, 2333). A. marina performs photosynthesis under the visible to far-red light (400-750 nm), which is absorbed by chlorophyll d (Chl-d). It is in contrast to the situation of all the other oxygenic photosynthetic processes of cyanobacteria and plants, which contains chlorophyll a (Chl-a) that absorbs only 400-700 nm visible light. AmPSI contains 70 Chl-d, 1 Chl-d', 2 pheophytin a (Pheo-a), and 12 carotenoids in the currently available structure. A special pair of Chl-d/Chl-d' acts as the electron donor (P740) and two Pheo-a act as the primary electron acceptor A0 as the counterparts of P700 and Chl-a, respectively, of Chl-a-type PSIs. The exciton Hamiltonian of AmPSI was constructed considering the excitonic coupling strength and site energy shift of individual pigments using the Poisson-TrESP (P-TrESP) and charge density coupling (CDC) methods. The model was constructed to fit the experimentally measured spectra of absorption and circular dichroism (CD) spectra during downhill/uphill excitation energy transfer processes. The constructed theoretical model of AmPSI was further compared with the Chl-a-type PSI of Thermosynechococcus elongatus (TePSI), which contains only Chl-a and Chl-a'. The functional properties of AmPSI and TePSI were further examined by the in silico exchange of Chl-d by Chl-a in the models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Kimura
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | | | - Toshimichi Aota
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - Tasuku Hamaguchi
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 776 Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Koji Yonekura
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 776 Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kawakami
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 776 Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan
| | - Kyoko Shinzawa-Itoh
- Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | | | - Kentaro Ifuku
- Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Eiki Yamashita
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Crystallography, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kashino
- Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Shigeru Itoh
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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35
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Kato K, Hamaguchi T, Nagao R, Kawakami K, Ueno Y, Suzuki T, Uchida H, Murakami A, Nakajima Y, Yokono M, Akimoto S, Dohmae N, Yonekura K, Shen JR. Structural basis for the absence of low-energy chlorophylls in a photosystem I trimer from Gloeobacter violaceus. eLife 2022; 11:73990. [PMID: 35404232 PMCID: PMC9000952 DOI: 10.7554/elife.73990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) is a multi-subunit pigment-protein complex that functions in light-harvesting and photochemical charge-separation reactions, followed by reduction of NADP to NADPH required for CO2 fixation in photosynthetic organisms. PSI from different photosynthetic organisms has a variety of chlorophylls (Chls), some of which are at lower-energy levels than its reaction center P700, a special pair of Chls, and are called low-energy Chls. However, the sites of low-energy Chls are still under debate. Here, we solved a 2.04-Å resolution structure of a PSI trimer by cryo-electron microscopy from a primordial cyanobacterium Gloeobacter violaceus PCC 7421, which has no low-energy Chls. The structure shows the absence of some subunits commonly found in other cyanobacteria, confirming the primordial nature of this cyanobacterium. Comparison with the known structures of PSI from other cyanobacteria and eukaryotic organisms reveals that one dimeric and one trimeric Chls are lacking in the Gloeobacter PSI. The dimeric and trimeric Chls are named Low1 and Low2, respectively. Low2 is missing in some cyanobacterial and eukaryotic PSIs, whereas Low1 is absent only in Gloeobacter. These findings provide insights into not only the identity of low-energy Chls in PSI, but also the evolutionary changes of low-energy Chls in oxyphototrophs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Kato
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
| | | | - Ryo Nagao
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
| | | | | | - Takehiro Suzuki
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
| | | | - Akio Murakami
- Graduate School of Science, Kobe University
- Research Center for Inland Seas, Kobe University
| | - Yoshiki Nakajima
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
| | - Makio Yokono
- Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University
| | | | - Naoshi Dohmae
- Biomolecular Characterization Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science
| | - Koji Yonekura
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University
- Advanced Electron Microscope Development Unit, RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, RIKEN Baton Zone Program
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University
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36
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Structure of a tetrameric photosystem I from a glaucophyte alga Cyanophora paradoxa. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1679. [PMID: 35354806 PMCID: PMC8967866 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29303-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) is one of the two photosystems functioning in light-energy harvesting, transfer, and electron transfer in photosynthesis. However, the oligomerization state of PSI is variable among photosynthetic organisms. We present a 3.8-Å resolution cryo-electron microscopic structure of tetrameric PSI isolated from the glaucophyte alga Cyanophora paradoxa, which reveals differences with PSI from other organisms in subunit composition and organization. The PSI tetramer is organized in a dimer of dimers with a C2 symmetry. Unlike cyanobacterial PSI tetramers, two of the four monomers are rotated around 90°, resulting in a completely different pattern of monomer-monomer interactions. Excitation-energy transfer among chlorophylls differs significantly between Cyanophora and cyanobacterial PSI tetramers. These structural and spectroscopic features reveal characteristic interactions and excitation-energy transfer in the Cyanophora PSI tetramer, suggesting that the Cyanophora PSI could represent a turning point in the evolution of PSI from prokaryotes to eukaryotes.
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37
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Chen M, Liu X, He Y, Li N, He J, Zhang Y. Diversity Among Cyanobacterial Photosystem I Oligomers. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:781826. [PMID: 35281305 PMCID: PMC8908432 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.781826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Unraveling the oligomeric states of the photosystem I complex is essential to understanding the evolution and native mechanisms of photosynthesis. The molecular composition and functions of this complex are highly conserved among cyanobacteria, algae, and plants; however, its structure varies considerably between species. In cyanobacteria, the photosystem I complex is a trimer in most species, but monomer, dimer and tetramer arrangements with full physiological function have recently been characterized. Higher order oligomers have also been identified in some heterocyst-forming cyanobacteria and their close unicellular relatives. Given technological progress in cryo-electron microscope single particle technology, structures of PSI dimers, tetramers and some heterogeneous supercomplexes have been resolved into near atomic resolution. Recent developments in photosystem I oligomer studies have largely enriched theories on the structure and function of these photosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuan Liu
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yujie He
- Center for Cell Fate and Lineage (CCLA), Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China
| | - Ningning Li
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,China-UK Institute for Frontier Science, Shenzhen, China.,Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jun He
- Center for Cell Fate and Lineage (CCLA), Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, China.,Center for Cell Lineage and Development, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.,China-UK Institute for Frontier Science, Shenzhen, China.,Tomas Lindahl Nobel Laureate Laboratory, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
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38
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MacGregor-Chatwin C, Nürnberg DJ, Jackson PJ, Vasilev C, Hitchcock A, Ho MY, Shen G, Gisriel CJ, Wood WH, Mahbub M, Selinger VM, Johnson MP, Dickman MJ, Rutherford AW, Bryant DA, Hunter CN. Changes in supramolecular organization of cyanobacterial thylakoid membrane complexes in response to far-red light photoacclimation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabj4437. [PMID: 35138895 PMCID: PMC8827656 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj4437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria are ubiquitous in nature and have developed numerous strategies that allow them to live in a diverse range of environments. Certain cyanobacteria synthesize chlorophylls d and f to acclimate to niches enriched in far-red light (FRL) and incorporate paralogous photosynthetic proteins into their photosynthetic apparatus in a process called FRL-induced photoacclimation (FaRLiP). We characterized the macromolecular changes involved in FRL-driven photosynthesis and used atomic force microscopy to examine the supramolecular organization of photosystem I associated with FaRLiP in three cyanobacterial species. Mass spectrometry showed the changes in the proteome of Chroococcidiopsis thermalis PCC 7203 that accompany FaRLiP. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy and electron microscopy reveal an altered cellular distribution of photosystem complexes and illustrate the cell-to-cell variability of the FaRLiP response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dennis J. Nürnberg
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Physics Department, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philip J. Jackson
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | | | - Ming-Yang Ho
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gaozhong Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Christopher J. Gisriel
- Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | | | - Moontaha Mahbub
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Mark J. Dickman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Donald A. Bryant
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - C. Neil Hunter
- School of Biosciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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39
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Gisriel CJ, Flesher DA, Shen G, Wang J, Ho MY, Brudvig GW, Bryant DA. Structure of a photosystem I-ferredoxin complex from a marine cyanobacterium provides insights into far-red light photoacclimation. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101408. [PMID: 34793839 PMCID: PMC8689207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Far-red light photoacclimation exhibited by some cyanobacteria allows these organisms to use the far-red region of the solar spectrum (700-800 nm) for photosynthesis. Part of this process includes the replacement of six photosystem I (PSI) subunits with isoforms that confer the binding of chlorophyll (Chl) f molecules that absorb far-red light (FRL). However, the exact sites at which Chl f molecules are bound are still challenging to determine. To aid in the identification of Chl f-binding sites, we solved the cryo-EM structure of PSI from far-red light-acclimated cells of the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7335. We identified six sites that bind Chl f with high specificity and three additional sites that are likely to bind Chl f at lower specificity. All of these binding sites are in the core-antenna regions of PSI, and Chl f was not observed among the electron transfer cofactors. This structural analysis also reveals both conserved and nonconserved Chl f-binding sites, the latter of which exemplify the diversity in FRL-PSI among species. We found that the FRL-PSI structure also contains a bound soluble ferredoxin, PetF1, at low occupancy, which suggests that ferredoxin binds less transiently than expected according to the canonical view of ferredoxin-binding to facilitate electron transfer. We suggest that this may result from structural changes in FRL-PSI that occur specifically during FRL photoacclimation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David A Flesher
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Gaozhong Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jimin Wang
- Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Ming-Yang Ho
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gary W Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
| | - Donald A Bryant
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA.
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40
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Caspy I, Schwartz T, Bayro-Kaiser V, Fadeeva M, Kessel A, Ben-Tal N, Nelson N. Dimeric and high-resolution structures of Chlamydomonas Photosystem I from a temperature-sensitive Photosystem II mutant. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1380. [PMID: 34887518 PMCID: PMC8660910 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02911-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Water molecules play a pivotal functional role in photosynthesis, primarily as the substrate for Photosystem II (PSII). However, their importance and contribution to Photosystem I (PSI) activity remains obscure. Using a high-resolution cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) PSI structure from a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii temperature-sensitive photoautotrophic PSII mutant (TSP4), a conserved network of water molecules - dating back to cyanobacteria - was uncovered, mainly in the vicinity of the electron transport chain (ETC). The high-resolution structure illustrated that the water molecules served as a ligand in every chlorophyll that was missing a fifth magnesium coordination in the PSI core and in the light-harvesting complexes (LHC). The asymmetric distribution of the water molecules near the ETC branches modulated their electrostatic landscape, distinctly in the space between the quinones and FX. The data also disclosed the first observation of eukaryotic PSI oligomerisation through a low-resolution PSI dimer that was comprised of PSI-10LHC and PSI-8LHC. Caspy et al. report the structure of PSI from a temperature-sensitive photoautotrophic PSII mutant of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (TSP4), and report the distribution of conserved water molecules in the structure from cyanobacterial to higher plant PSI. They suggest that the asymmetric distribution of water molecules near the electron transfer chain modulates the electron transfer from quinones to FX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ido Caspy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Tom Schwartz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Vinzenz Bayro-Kaiser
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Mariia Fadeeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Amit Kessel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Nir Ben-Tal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Nathan Nelson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel.
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41
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Bai T, Guo L, Xu M, Tian L. Structural Diversity of Photosystem I and Its Light-Harvesting System in Eukaryotic Algae and Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:781035. [PMID: 34917114 PMCID: PMC8669154 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.781035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) is one of the most efficient photoelectric apparatus in nature, converting solar energy into condensed chemical energy with almost 100% quantum efficiency. The ability of PSI to attain such high conversion efficiency depends on the precise spatial arrangement of its protein subunits and binding cofactors. The PSI structures of oxygenic photosynthetic organisms, namely cyanobacteria, eukaryotic algae, and plants, have undergone great variation during their evolution, especially in eukaryotic algae and vascular plants for which light-harvesting complexes (LHCI) developed that surround the PSI core complex. A detailed understanding of the functional and structural properties of this PSI-LHCI is not only an important foundation for understanding the evolution of photosynthetic organisms but is also useful for designing future artificial photochemical devices. Recently, the structures of such PSI-LHCI supercomplexes from red alga, green alga, diatoms, and plants were determined by X-ray crystallography and single-particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). These findings provide new insights into the various structural adjustments of PSI, especially with respect to the diversity of peripheral antenna systems arising via evolutionary processes. Here, we review the structural details of the PSI tetramer in cyanobacteria and the PSI-LHCI and PSI-LHCI-LHCII supercomplexes from different algae and plants, and then discuss the diversity of PSI-LHCI in oxygenic photosynthesis organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lirong Tian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Hebei Collaboration Innovation Center for Cell Signaling and Environmental Adaptation, Hebei Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
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42
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Keable SM, Kölsch A, Simon PS, Dasgupta M, Chatterjee R, Subramanian SK, Hussein R, Ibrahim M, Kim IS, Bogacz I, Makita H, Pham CC, Fuller FD, Gul S, Paley D, Lassalle L, Sutherlin KD, Bhowmick A, Moriarty NW, Young ID, Blaschke JP, de Lichtenberg C, Chernev P, Cheah MH, Park S, Park G, Kim J, Lee SJ, Park J, Tono K, Owada S, Hunter MS, Batyuk A, Oggenfuss R, Sander M, Zerdane S, Ozerov D, Nass K, Lemke H, Mankowsky R, Brewster AS, Messinger J, Sauter NK, Yachandra VK, Yano J, Zouni A, Kern J. Room temperature XFEL crystallography reveals asymmetry in the vicinity of the two phylloquinones in photosystem I. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21787. [PMID: 34750381 PMCID: PMC8575901 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00236-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosystem I (PS I) has a symmetric structure with two highly similar branches of pigments at the center that are involved in electron transfer, but shows very different efficiency along the two branches. We have determined the structure of cyanobacterial PS I at room temperature (RT) using femtosecond X-ray pulses from an X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) that shows a clear expansion of the entire protein complex in the direction of the membrane plane, when compared to previous cryogenic structures. This trend was observed by complementary datasets taken at multiple XFEL beamlines. In the RT structure of PS I, we also observe conformational differences between the two branches in the reaction center around the secondary electron acceptors A1A and A1B. The π-stacked Phe residues are rotated with a more parallel orientation in the A-branch and an almost perpendicular confirmation in the B-branch, and the symmetry breaking PsaB-Trp673 is tilted and further away from A1A. These changes increase the asymmetry between the branches and may provide insights into the preferential directionality of electron transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen M Keable
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Adrian Kölsch
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp S Simon
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Medhanjali Dasgupta
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Ruchira Chatterjee
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | | | - Rana Hussein
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - In-Sik Kim
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Isabel Bogacz
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Hiroki Makita
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Cindy C Pham
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Franklin D Fuller
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Sheraz Gul
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Daniel Paley
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Louise Lassalle
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Kyle D Sutherlin
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Asmit Bhowmick
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Nigel W Moriarty
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Iris D Young
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Johannes P Blaschke
- National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Casper de Lichtenberg
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, 75237, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Linnaeus väg 6 (KBC huset), 90187, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Petko Chernev
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, 75237, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mun Hon Cheah
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, 75237, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Sehan Park
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Gisu Park
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Jangwoo Kim
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Sang Jae Lee
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Jaehyun Park
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, POSTECH, Pohang, 37673, Korea
| | - Kensuke Tono
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan.,RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Shigeki Owada
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5198, Japan.,RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Mark S Hunter
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Alexander Batyuk
- LCLS, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Karol Nass
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Henrik Lemke
- Paul Scherrer Institut, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland
| | | | - Aaron S Brewster
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Johannes Messinger
- Department of Chemistry - Ångström, Molecular Biomimetics, Uppsala University, 75237, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nicholas K Sauter
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Vittal K Yachandra
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Junko Yano
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Athina Zouni
- Institut für Biologie, Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, 10115, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Kern
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
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43
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Hippler M, Nelson N. The Plasticity of Photosystem I. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:1073-1081. [PMID: 33768246 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcab046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Most of life's energy comes from sunlight, and thus, photosynthesis underpins the survival of virtually all life forms. The light-driven electron transfer at photosystem I (PSI) is certainly the most important generator of reducing power at the cellular level and thereby largely determines the global amount of enthalpy in living systems (Nelson 2011). The PSI is a light-driven plastocyanin:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, which is embedded into thylakoid membranes of cyanobacteria and chloroplasts of eukaryotic photosynthetic organism. Structural determination of complexes of the photosynthetic machinery is vital for the understanding of its mode of action. Here, we describe new structural and functional insights into PSI and associated light-harvesting proteins, with a focus on the plasticity of PSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hippler
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Münster 48143, Germany
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Nathan Nelson
- Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Japan
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44
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Xu C, Zhu Q, Chen JH, Shen L, Yi X, Huang Z, Wang W, Chen M, Kuang T, Shen JR, Zhang X, Han G. A unique photosystem I reaction center from a chlorophyll d-containing cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:1740-1752. [PMID: 34002536 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) is a large protein supercomplex that catalyzes the light-dependent oxidation of plastocyanin (or cytochrome c6 ) and the reduction of ferredoxin. This catalytic reaction is realized by a transmembrane electron transfer chain consisting of primary electron donor (a special chlorophyll (Chl) pair) and electron acceptors A0 , A1 , and three Fe4 S4 clusters, FX , FA , and FB . Here we report the PSI structure from a Chl d-dominated cyanobacterium Acaryochloris marina at 3.3 Å resolution obtained by single-particle cryo-electron microscopy. The A. marina PSI exists as a trimer with three identical monomers. Surprisingly, the structure reveals a unique composition of electron transfer chain in which the primary electron acceptor A0 is composed of two pheophytin a rather than Chl a found in any other well-known PSI structures. A novel subunit Psa27 is observed in the A. marina PSI structure. In addition, 77 Chls, 13 α-carotenes, two phylloquinones, three Fe-S clusters, two phosphatidyl glycerols, and one monogalactosyl-diglyceride were identified in each PSI monomer. Our results provide a structural basis for deciphering the mechanism of photosynthesis in a PSI complex with Chl d as the dominating pigments and absorbing far-red light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihuang Xu
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qingjun Zhu
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing-Hua Chen
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Center of Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Liangliang Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaohan Yi
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zihui Huang
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wenda Wang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Min Chen
- School of Life and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW2006, Australia
| | - Tingyun Kuang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- Division of Photosynthesis and Structural Biology, Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Biophysics and Department of Pathology of Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Center of Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Guangye Han
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
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45
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Akhtar P, Caspy I, Nowakowski PJ, Malavath T, Nelson N, Tan HS, Lambrev PH. Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy of a Minimal Photosystem I Complex Reveals the Rate of Primary Charge Separation. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:14601-14612. [PMID: 34472838 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI), found in all oxygenic photosynthetic organisms, uses solar energy to drive electron transport with nearly 100% quantum efficiency, thanks to fast energy transfer among antenna chlorophylls and charge separation in the reaction center. There is no complete consensus regarding the kinetics of the elementary steps involved in the overall trapping, especially the rate of primary charge separation. In this work, we employed two-dimensional coherent electronic spectroscopy to follow the dynamics of energy and electron transfer in a monomeric PSI complex from Synechocystis PCC 6803, containing only subunits A-E, K, and M, at 77 K. We also determined the structure of the complex to 4.3 Å resolution by cryoelectron microscopy with refinements to 2.5 Å. We applied structure-based modeling using a combined Redfield-Förster theory to compute the excitation dynamics. The absorptive 2D electronic spectra revealed fast excitonic/vibronic relaxation on time scales of 50-100 fs from the high-energy side of the absorption spectrum. Antenna excitations were funneled within 1 ps to a small pool of chlorophylls absorbing around 687 nm, thereafter decaying with 4-20 ps lifetimes, independently of excitation wavelength. Redfield-Förster energy transfer computations showed that the kinetics is limited by transfer from these red-shifted pigments. The rate of primary charge separation, upon direct excitation of the reaction center, was determined to be 1.2-1.5 ps-1. This result implies activationless electron transfer in PSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parveen Akhtar
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, 637371 Singapore.,Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary.,ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-profit Ltd., Wolfgang Sandner u. 3, Szeged 6728, Hungary
| | - Ido Caspy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Paweł J Nowakowski
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, 637371 Singapore
| | - Tirupathi Malavath
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Nathan Nelson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Howe-Siang Tan
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Link 21, 637371 Singapore
| | - Petar H Lambrev
- Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged 6726, Hungary
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46
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Dobson Z, Ahad S, Vanlandingham J, Toporik H, Vaughn N, Vaughn M, Williams D, Reppert M, Fromme P, Mazor Y. The structure of photosystem I from a high-light-tolerant cyanobacteria. eLife 2021; 10:e67518. [PMID: 34435952 PMCID: PMC8428864 DOI: 10.7554/elife.67518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms have adapted to survive a myriad of extreme environments from the earth's deserts to its poles, yet the proteins that carry out the light reactions of photosynthesis are highly conserved from the cyanobacteria to modern day crops. To investigate adaptations of the photosynthetic machinery in cyanobacteria to excessive light stress, we isolated a new strain of cyanobacteria, Cyanobacterium aponinum 0216, from the extreme light environment of the Sonoran Desert. Here we report the biochemical characterization and the 2.7 Å resolution structure of trimeric photosystem I from this high-light-tolerant cyanobacterium. The structure shows a new conformation of the PsaL C-terminus that supports trimer formation of cyanobacterial photosystem I. The spectroscopic analysis of this photosystem I revealed a decrease in far-red absorption, which is attributed to a decrease in the number of long- wavelength chlorophylls. Using these findings, we constructed two chimeric PSIs in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 demonstrating how unique structural features in photosynthetic complexes can change spectroscopic properties, allowing organisms to thrive under different environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary Dobson
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
- BiodesignCenter for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
| | - Safa Ahad
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteUnited States
| | - Jackson Vanlandingham
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
- BiodesignCenter for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
| | - Hila Toporik
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
- BiodesignCenter for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
| | - Natalie Vaughn
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
- BiodesignCenter for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
| | - Michael Vaughn
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
- BiodesignCenter for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
| | - Dewight Williams
- John M. Cowley Center for High Resolution Electron Microscopy, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
| | - Michael Reppert
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteUnited States
| | - Petra Fromme
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
- BiodesignCenter for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
| | - Yuval Mazor
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
- BiodesignCenter for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State UniversityTempeUnited States
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47
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Wang J, Yu LJ, Wang W, Yan Q, Kuang T, Qin X, Shen JR. Structure of plant photosystem I-light harvesting complex I supercomplex at 2.4 Å resolution. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:1367-1381. [PMID: 33788400 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Photosystem I (PSI) is one of the two photosystems in photosynthesis, and performs a series of electron transfer reactions leading to the reduction of ferredoxin. In higher plants, PSI is surrounded by four light-harvesting complex I (LHCI) subunits, which harvest and transfer energy efficiently to the PSI core. The crystal structure of PSI-LHCI supercomplex has been analyzed up to 2.6 Å resolution, providing much information on the arrangement of proteins and cofactors in this complicated supercomplex. Here we have optimized crystallization conditions, and analyzed the crystal structure of PSI-LHCI at 2.4 Å resolution. Our structure showed some shift of the LHCI, especially the Lhca4 subunit, away from the PSI core, suggesting the indirect connection and inefficiency of energy transfer from this Lhca subunit to the PSI core. We identified five new lipids in the structure, most of them are located in the gap region between the Lhca subunits and the PSI core. These lipid molecules may play important roles in binding of the Lhca subunits to the core, as well as in the assembly of the supercomplex. The present results thus provide novel information for the elucidation of the mechanisms for the light-energy harvesting, transfer and assembly of this supercomplex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Long-Jiang Yu
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Wenda Wang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Qiujing Yan
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tingyun Kuang
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Xiaochun Qin
- School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China
| | - Jian-Ren Shen
- Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
- Research Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, and Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
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48
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Lokstein H, Renger G, Götze JP. Photosynthetic Light-Harvesting (Antenna) Complexes-Structures and Functions. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26113378. [PMID: 34204994 PMCID: PMC8199901 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chlorophylls and bacteriochlorophylls, together with carotenoids, serve, noncovalently bound to specific apoproteins, as principal light-harvesting and energy-transforming pigments in photosynthetic organisms. In recent years, enormous progress has been achieved in the elucidation of structures and functions of light-harvesting (antenna) complexes, photosynthetic reaction centers and even entire photosystems. It is becoming increasingly clear that light-harvesting complexes not only serve to enlarge the absorption cross sections of the respective reaction centers but are vitally important in short- and long-term adaptation of the photosynthetic apparatus and regulation of the energy-transforming processes in response to external and internal conditions. Thus, the wide variety of structural diversity in photosynthetic antenna “designs” becomes conceivable. It is, however, common for LHCs to form trimeric (or multiples thereof) structures. We propose a simple, tentative explanation of the trimer issue, based on the 2D world created by photosynthetic membrane systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heiko Lokstein
- Department of Chemical Physics and Optics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 12116 Prague, Czech Republic
- Correspondence:
| | - Gernot Renger
- Max-Volmer-Laboratorium, Technische Universität Berlin, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan P. Götze
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, D-14195 Berlin, Germany;
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49
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Kurashov V, Milanovsky G, Luo L, Martin A, Semenov AY, Savikhin S, Cherepanov DA, Golbeck JH, Xu W. Conserved residue PsaB-Trp673 is essential for high-efficiency electron transfer between the phylloquinones and the iron-sulfur clusters in Photosystem I. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2021; 148:161-180. [PMID: 33991284 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-021-00839-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite the high level of symmetry between the PsaA and PsaB polypeptides in Photosystem I, some amino acids pairs are strikingly different, such as PsaA-Gly693 and PsaB-Trp673, which are located near a cluster of 11 water molecules between the A1A and A1B quinones and the FX iron-sulfur cluster. In this work, we changed PsaB-Trp673 to PsaB-Phe673 in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. The variant contains ~ 85% of wild-type (WT) levels of Photosystem I but is unable to grow photoautotrophically. Both time-resolved and steady-state optical measurements show that in the PsaB-W673F variant less than 50% of the electrons reach the terminal iron-sulfur clusters FA and FB; the majority of the electrons recombine from A1A- and A1B-. However, in those reaction centers which pass electrons forward the transfer is heterogeneous: a minor population shows electron transfer rates from A1A- and A1B- to FX slightly slower than that of the WT, whereas a major population shows forward electron transfer rates to FX slowed to the ~ 10 µs time range. Competition between relatively similar forward and backward rates of electron transfer from the quinones to the FX cluster account for the relatively low yield of long-lived charge separation in the PsaB-W673F variant. A higher water content and its increased mobility observed in MD simulations in the interquinone cavity of the PsaB-W673F variant shifts the pK of PsaB-Asp575 and allows its deprotonation in situ. The heterogeneity found may be rooted in protonation state of PsaB-Asp575, which controls whether electron transfer can proceed beyond the phylloquinone cofactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily Kurashov
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - George Milanovsky
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1, Building 40, Moscow, Russia, 119992
| | - Lujun Luo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, 70504, USA
| | - Antoine Martin
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Alexey Yu Semenov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physical-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 1, Building 40, Moscow, Russia, 119992
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina st, 4, Moscow, Russia, 117977
| | - Sergei Savikhin
- Department of Physics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Dmitry A Cherepanov
- N.N. Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Kosygina st, 4, Moscow, Russia, 117977.
| | - John H Golbeck
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Wu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA, 70504, USA.
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50
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Hamaguchi T, Kawakami K, Shinzawa-Itoh K, Inoue-Kashino N, Itoh S, Ifuku K, Yamashita E, Maeda K, Yonekura K, Kashino Y. Structure of the far-red light utilizing photosystem I of Acaryochloris marina. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2333. [PMID: 33879791 PMCID: PMC8058080 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22502-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Acaryochloris marina is one of the cyanobacterial species that can use far-red light to drive photochemical reactions for oxygenic photosynthesis. Here, we report the structure of A. marina photosystem I (PSI) reaction center, determined by cryo-electron microscopy at 2.58 Å resolution. The structure reveals an arrangement of electron carriers and light-harvesting pigments distinct from other type I reaction centers. The paired chlorophyll, or special pair (also referred to as P740 in this case), is a dimer of chlorophyll d and its epimer chlorophyll d'. The primary electron acceptor is pheophytin a, a metal-less chlorin. We show the architecture of this PSI reaction center is composed of 11 subunits and we identify key components that help explain how the low energy yield from far-red light is efficiently utilized for driving oxygenic photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasuku Hamaguchi
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kawakami
- Research Center for Artificial Photosynthesis (ReCAP), Osaka City University, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka, Japan.
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan.
| | | | | | - Shigeru Itoh
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ifuku
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eiki Yamashita
- Laboratory of Supramolecular Crystallography, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kou Maeda
- Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Ako-gun, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Koji Yonekura
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo, Japan.
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Yasuhiro Kashino
- Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, Ako-gun, Hyogo, Japan.
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