1
|
Vardi A, Pri-Or A, Wigoda N, Grishchuk Y, Futerman AH. Proteomics analysis of a human brain sample from a mucolipidosis type IV patient reveals pathophysiological pathways. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2021; 16:39. [PMID: 33478506 PMCID: PMC7818904 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-021-01679-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mucolipidosis type IV (MLIV), an ultra-rare neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorder, is caused by mutations in the MCOLN1 gene, which encodes the late endosomal/lysosomal transient receptor potential channel TRPML1 (mucolipin 1). The precise pathophysiogical pathways that cause neurological disease in MLIV are poorly understood. Recently, the first post-mortem brain sample became available from a single MLIV patient, and in the current study we performed mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics on this tissue with a view to delineating pathological pathways, and to compare with previously-published data on MLIV, including studies using the Mcoln1−/− mouse. Results A number of pathways were altered in two brain regions from the MLIV patient, including those related to the lysosome, lipid metabolism, myelination, cellular trafficking and autophagy, mTOR and calmodulin, the complement system and interferon signaling. Of these, levels of some proteins not known previously to be associated with MLIV were altered, including APOD, PLIN4, ATG and proteins related to interferon signaling. Moreover, when proteins detected by proteomics in the human brain were compared with their orthologs detected in the Mcoln1−/− mouse by RNAseq, the results were remarkably similar. Finally, analysis of proteins in human and mouse CSF suggest that calbindin 1 and calbindin 2 might be useful as biomarkers to help chart the course of disease development. Conclusions Despite the sample size limitations, our findings are consistent with the relatively general changes in lysosomal function previously reported in MLIV, and shed light on new pathways of disease pathophysiology, which is required in order to understand the course of disease development and to determine the efficacy of therapies when they become available for this devastating disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayelet Vardi
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Amir Pri-Or
- The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Noa Wigoda
- The Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yulia Grishchuk
- Center for Genomic Medicine and Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, 185 Cambridge St., Boston, MA, 02114, USA
| | - Anthony H Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li G, Li PL. Lysosomal TRPML1 Channel: Implications in Cardiovascular and Kidney Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1349:275-301. [PMID: 35138619 PMCID: PMC9899368 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-4254-8_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal ion channels mediate ion flux from lysosomes and regulate membrane potential across the lysosomal membrane, which are essential for lysosome biogenesis, nutrient sensing, lysosome trafficking, lysosome enzyme activity, and cell membrane repair. As a cation channel, the transient receptor potential mucolipin 1 (TRPML1) channel is mainly expressed on lysosomes and late endosomes. Recently, the normal function of TRPML1 channels has been demonstrated to be important for the maintenance of cardiovascular and renal glomerular homeostasis and thereby involved in the pathogenesis of some cardiovascular and kidney diseases. In arterial myocytes, it has been found that Nicotinic Acid Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate (NAADP), an intracellular second messenger, can induce Ca2+ release through the lysosomal TRPML1 channel, leading to a global Ca2+ release response from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR). In podocytes, it has been demonstrated that lysosomal TRPML1 channels control lysosome trafficking and exosome release, which contribute to the maintenance of podocyte functional integrity. The defect or functional deficiency of lysosomal TRPML1 channels has been shown to critically contribute to the initiation and development of some chronic degeneration or diseases in the cardiovascular system or kidneys. Here we briefly summarize the current evidence demonstrating the regulation of lysosomal TRPML1 channel activity and related signaling mechanisms. We also provide some insights into the canonical and noncanonical roles of TRPML1 channel dysfunction as a potential pathogenic mechanism for certain cardiovascular and kidney diseases and associated therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guangbi Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Pin-Lan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
ESCRT-Dependent Cell Death in a Caenorhabditis elegans Model of the Lysosomal Storage Disorder Mucolipidosis Type IV. Genetics 2015; 202:619-38. [PMID: 26596346 DOI: 10.1534/genetics.115.182485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in MCOLN1, which encodes the cation channel protein TRPML1, result in the neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder Mucolipidosis type IV. Mucolipidosis type IV patients show lysosomal dysfunction in many tissues and neuronal cell death. The ortholog of TRPML1 in Caenorhabditis elegans is CUP-5; loss of CUP-5 results in lysosomal dysfunction in many tissues and death of developing intestinal cells that results in embryonic lethality. We previously showed that a null mutation in the ATP-Binding Cassette transporter MRP-4 rescues the lysosomal defect and embryonic lethality of cup-5(null) worms. Here we show that reducing levels of the Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport (ESCRT)-associated proteins DID-2, USP-50, and ALX-1/EGO-2, which mediate the final de-ubiquitination step of integral membrane proteins being sequestered into late endosomes, also almost fully suppresses cup-5(null) mutant lysosomal defects and embryonic lethality. Indeed, we show that MRP-4 protein is hypo-ubiquitinated in the absence of CUP-5 and that reducing levels of ESCRT-associated proteins suppresses this hypo-ubiquitination. Thus, increased ESCRT-associated de-ubiquitinating activity mediates the lysosomal defects and corresponding cell death phenotypes in the absence of CUP-5.
Collapse
|
4
|
Chapman KA, Bush WS, Zhang Z. Gene expression in cell lines from propionic acidemia patients, carrier parents, and controls. Mol Genet Metab 2015; 115:174-9. [PMID: 25963861 PMCID: PMC4522369 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Propionic acidemia (PA) is an inborn of metabolism which usually presents with metabolic acidosis and accumulation of 3-hydroxypropionate among other toxins. Examining the gene expression in lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) from PA patients, their carrier parents and age/sex-matched controls at normal glucose and low glucose growth conditions demonstrated differences among and between these groups. Using three-way ANOVA analysis, four DAVID clusters of response were identified of which three of the four clusters showed that LCLs from carrier parents had an intermediate response between healthy controls and PA patients. These differences included changes in expression of cell cycle regulatory genes, mitochondrial related genes, and transcriptional regulation. In addition, differences also were observed in expression of genes involved in transendothelial migration and focal adhesion at normal growth conditions when comparing the LCLs from PA patients and controls. These studies demonstrate transcriptional differences between LCLs from PA patients, their parents and biochemically normal controls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly A Chapman
- Genetics and Metabolism, Children's National Health System, Washington DC 20010, United States; Center for Genetic Medicine, George Washington University, Washington DC 20010, United States.
| | | | - Zhe Zhang
- Center for Biomedical Informatics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
The role of TRPMLs in endolysosomal trafficking and function. Cell Calcium 2014; 58:48-56. [PMID: 25465891 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Members of the Transient Receptor Potential-Mucolipin (TRPML) constitute a family of evolutionarily conserved cation channels that function predominantly in endolysosomal vesicles. Whereas loss-of-function mutations in human TRPML1 were first identified as being causative for the lysosomal storage disease, Mucolipidosis type IV, most mammals also express two other TRPML isoforms called TRPML2 and TRPML3. All three mammalian TRPMLs as well as TRPML related genes in other species including Caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila exhibit overlapping functional and biophysical properties. The functions of TRPML proteins include roles in vesicular trafficking and biogenesis, maintenance of neuronal development, function, and viability, and regulation of intracellular and organellar ionic homeostasis. Biophysically, TRPML channels are non-selective cation channels exhibiting variable permeability to a host of cations including Na(+), Ca(2+), Fe(2+), and Zn(2+), and are activated by a phosphoinositide species, PI(3,5)P2, that is mostly found in endolysosomal membranes. Here, we review the functional and biophysical properties of these enigmatic cation channels, which represent the most ancient and archetypical TRP channels.
Collapse
|
6
|
Fletcher JL, Kondagari GS, Wright AL, Thomson PC, Williamson P, Taylor RM. Myelin genes are downregulated in canine fucosidosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2011; 1812:1418-26. [PMID: 21683140 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2011.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 04/12/2011] [Accepted: 06/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The processes regulating the complex neurodegenerative cascade of vacuolation, neuroinflammation, neuronal loss and myelin deficits in fucosidosis, a neurological lysosomal storage disorder, remain unclear. To elucidate these processes the gene expression profile of the cerebral cortex from untreated and intrathecal enzyme replacement therapy treated fucosidosis pups and age-matched unaffected controls were examined. Neuroinflammation and cell death processes were identified to have a major role in fucosidosis pathophysiology with 37% of differentially expressed (DE) genes involved in these processes. Critical, specific, early decreases in expression levels of key genes in myelin assembly were identified by gene expression profiling, including myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), myelin and lymphocyte protein (MAL), and oligodendrocyte myelin paranodal and inner loop protein (OPALIN). These gene expression changes may be indicative of early neuronal loss causing reduced electrical impulses required for oligodendrocyte maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Fletcher
- Teh Faculty of Veterinary Science, The UNiversity of Sydney, Camperdown NSW, 2006, Autralia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kiselyov K, Colletti GA, Terwilliger A, Ketchum K, Lyons CWP, Quinn J, Muallem S. TRPML: transporters of metals in lysosomes essential for cell survival? Cell Calcium 2011; 50:288-94. [PMID: 21621258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2011.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/29/2011] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Key aspects of lysosomal function are affected by the ionic content of the lysosomal lumen and, therefore, by the ion permeability in the lysosomal membrane. Such functions include regulation of lysosomal acidification, a critical process in delivery and activation of the lysosomal enzymes, release of metals from lysosomes into the cytoplasm and the Ca(2+)-dependent component of membrane fusion events in the endocytic pathway. While the basic mechanisms of lysosomal acidification have been largely defined, the lysosomal metal transport system is not well understood. TRPML1 is a lysosomal ion channel whose malfunction is implicated in the lysosomal storage disease Mucolipidosis Type IV. Recent evidence suggests that TRPML1 is involved in Fe(2+), Ca(2+) and Zn(2+) transport across the lysosomal membrane, ascribing novel physiological roles to this ion channel, and perhaps to its relatives TRPML2 and TRPML3 and illuminating poorly understood aspects of lysosomal function. Further, alterations in metal transport by the TRPMLs due to mutations or environmental factors may contribute to their role in the disease phenotype and cell death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kirill Kiselyov
- Department of Biological Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vergarajauregui S, Martina JA, Puertollano R. LAPTMs regulate lysosomal function and interact with mucolipin 1: new clues for understanding mucolipidosis type IV. J Cell Sci 2011; 124:459-68. [PMID: 21224396 PMCID: PMC3022000 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.076240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in mucolipin 1 (MCOLN1) result in mucolipidosis type IV (MLIV), a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by severe mental and psychomotor retardation. MCOLN1 is a lysosomal ion channel that belongs to the transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily. To better understand the cellular function of MCOLN1, a split-ubiquitin yeast two-hybrid screen was performed with the purpose of revealing new MCOLN1 interaction partners. The screen identified two members of the lysosome-associated protein transmembrane (LAPTM) family as novel interaction partners of MCOLN1. The binding between MCOLN1 and LAPTM members (LAPTMs) was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and yeast two-hybrid assays. In addition, MCOLN1 and LAPTMs extensively colocalize at late endosomes and lysosomes. Overexpression of LAPTM4b caused enlargement of lysosomes and defective lysosomal degradation, indicating that LAPTMs are important for proper lysosomal function. Interestingly, lysosomal swelling induced by LAPTM4b was rescued by expression of MCOLN1, suggesting a functional connection between the two proteins. Finally, depletion of endogenous LAPTMs by siRNA induced accumulation of concentric multi-lamellar structures and electron-dense inclusions that closely resemble the structures found in MLIV cells. Overall, our data provide new insight into the molecular mechanisms of MCOLN1 function and suggest a potential role for LAPTMs in MLIV pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Vergarajauregui
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jose A. Martina
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Rosa Puertollano
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Hernandez MA, Schulz R, Chaplin T, Young BD, Perrett D, Champion MP, Taanman JW, Fensom A, Marinaki AM. The diagnosis of inherited metabolic diseases by microarray gene expression profiling. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2010; 5:34. [PMID: 21122112 PMCID: PMC3009951 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-5-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2010] [Accepted: 12/01/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Inherited metabolic diseases (IMDs) comprise a diverse group of generally progressive genetic metabolic disorders of variable clinical presentations and severity. We have undertaken a study using microarray gene expression profiling of cultured fibroblasts to investigate 68 patients with a broad range of suspected metabolic disorders, including defects of lysosomal, mitochondrial, peroxisomal, fatty acid, carbohydrate, amino acid, molybdenum cofactor, and purine and pyrimidine metabolism. We aimed to define gene expression signatures characteristic of defective metabolic pathways. Methods Total mRNA extracted from cultured fibroblast cell lines was hybridized to Affymetrix U133 Plus 2.0 arrays. Expression data was analyzed for the presence of a gene expression signature characteristic of an inherited metabolic disorder and for genes expressing significantly decreased levels of mRNA. Results No characteristic signatures were found. However, in 16% of cases, disease-associated nonsense and frameshift mutations generating premature termination codons resulted in significantly decreased mRNA expression of the defective gene. The microarray assay detected these changes with high sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion In patients with a suspected familial metabolic disorder where initial screening tests have proven uninformative, microarray gene expression profiling may contribute significantly to the identification of the genetic defect, shortcutting the diagnostic cascade.
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
TRPML1, TRPML2 and TRPML3 belong to the mucolipin family of the TRP superfamily of ion channels. The founding member of this family, TRPML1, was cloned during the search for the genetic determinants of the lysosomal storage disease mucolipidosis type IV (MLIV). Mucolipins are predominantly expressed within the endocytic pathway, where they appear to regulate membrane traffic and/or degradation. The physiology of mucolipins raises some of the most interesting questions of modern cell biology. Their traffic and localization is a multistep process involving a system of adaptor proteins, while their ion channel activity possibly exemplifies the rare cases of regulation of endocytic traffic and hydrolysis by ion channels. Finally, dysregulation of mucolipins results in cell death leading to neurodegenerative phenotypes of MLIV and of the varitint-waddler mouse model of familial deafness. The present review discusses current knowledge and questions regarding this novel family of disease-relevant ion channels with a specific focus on mucolipin regulation and their role in membrane traffic and cell death. Since mucolipins are ubiquitously expressed, this review may be useful for a wide audience of basic biologists and clinicians.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Puertollano
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|