1
|
Leaker BD, Wang Y, Tam J, Anderson RR. Analysis of culture and RNA isolation methods for precision-cut liver slices from cirrhotic rats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15349. [PMID: 38961190 PMCID: PMC11222550 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66235-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Precision-cut liver slices (PCLS) are increasingly used as a model to investigate anti-fibrotic therapies. However, many studies use PCLS from healthy animals treated with pro-fibrotic stimuli in culture, which reflects only the early stages of fibrosis. The effects of different culture conditions on PCLS from cirrhotic animals has not been well characterized and there is no consensus on optimal methods. In this study, we report a method for the collection and culture of cirrhotic PCLS and compare the effect of common culture conditions on viability, function, and gene expression. Additionally, we compared three methods of RNA isolation and identified a protocol with high yield and purity. We observed significantly increased albumin production when cultured with insulin-transferrin-selenium and dexamethasone, and when incubated on a rocking platform. Culturing with insulin-transferrin-selenium and dexamethasone maintained gene expression closer to the levels in fresh slices. However, despite stable viability and function up to 4 days, we found significant changes in expression of key genes by day 2. Interestingly, we also observed that cirrhotic PCLS maintain viability in culture longer than slices from healthy animals. Due to the influence of matrix stiffness on fibrosis and hepatocellular function, it is important to evaluate prospective anti-fibrotic therapies in a platform that preserves tissue biomechanics. PCLS from cirrhotic animals represent a promising tool for the development of treatments for chronic liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ben D Leaker
- Health Sciences and Technology, Harvard-Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Thier Research Building, MGH, 55 Blossom Street, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Yongtao Wang
- Division of Gastrointestinal and Oncologic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Liver Center, Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joshua Tam
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Thier Research Building, MGH, 55 Blossom Street, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Rox Anderson
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Thier Research Building, MGH, 55 Blossom Street, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mori K, Okuma H, Nakamura S, Uchinuma H, Kaga S, Nakajima H, Ogawa Y, Tsuchiya K. Melanocortin-4 receptor in macrophages attenuated angiotensin II-induced abdominal aortic aneurysm in mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:19768. [PMID: 37957201 PMCID: PMC10643430 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46831-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is recognized as an independent risk factor for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). While mutations in the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene is the most common cause of obesity caused by mutations in a single gene, the link between MC4R function and vascular disease has still remained unclear. Here, by using melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) deficient mice, we confirmed MC4R deficiency promotes AAA and atherosclerosis. We demonstrated the contribution of two novel factors towards vascular vulnerability in this model: leptin signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and loss of MC4R signaling in macrophages. Leptin was shown to promote vascular vulnerability via PI3K-dependent upregulation of Spp1 expression in VSMC. Additionally, Ang II-induced AAA incidence was significantly reduced when MC4R gene expression was myeloid cell-specifically rescued in MC4R deficient (MC4RTB/TB) mice. Ex vivo analysis showed a suppression in NF-κB activity in bone marrow-derived macrophages from LysM(+);MC4RTB/TB mice compared to LysM(-);MC4RTB/TB mice, which exaggerates with endogenous MC4R ligand treatment; α-MSH. These results suggest that MC4R signaling in macrophages attenuates AAA by inhibiting NF-κB activity and subsequent vascular inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Mori
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 4093898, Japan.
| | - Hideyuki Okuma
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 4093898, Japan
| | - Suguru Nakamura
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 4093898, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Uchinuma
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 4093898, Japan
| | - Shigeaki Kaga
- Department of Surgery II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakajima
- Department of Surgery II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Ogawa
- Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kyoichiro Tsuchiya
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi, 4093898, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ouyang JF, Mishra K, Xie Y, Park H, Huang KY, Petretto E, Behmoaras J. Systems level identification of a matrisome-associated macrophage polarisation state in multi-organ fibrosis. eLife 2023; 12:e85530. [PMID: 37706477 PMCID: PMC10547479 DOI: 10.7554/elife.85530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue fibrosis affects multiple organs and involves a master-regulatory role of macrophages which respond to an initial inflammatory insult common in all forms of fibrosis. The recently unravelled multi-organ heterogeneity of macrophages in healthy and fibrotic human disease suggests that macrophages expressing osteopontin (SPP1) associate with lung and liver fibrosis. However, the conservation of this SPP1+ macrophage population across different tissues and its specificity to fibrotic diseases with different etiologies remain unclear. Integrating 15 single-cell RNA-sequencing datasets to profile 235,930 tissue macrophages from healthy and fibrotic heart, lung, liver, kidney, skin, and endometrium, we extended the association of SPP1+ macrophages with fibrosis to all these tissues. We also identified a subpopulation expressing matrisome-associated genes (e.g., matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors), functionally enriched for ECM remodelling and cell metabolism, representative of a matrisome-associated macrophage (MAM) polarisation state within SPP1+ macrophages. Importantly, the MAM polarisation state follows a differentiation trajectory from SPP1+ macrophages and is associated with a core set of regulon activity. SPP1+ macrophages without the MAM polarisation state (SPP1+MAM-) show a positive association with ageing lung in mice and humans. These results suggest an advanced and conserved polarisation state of SPP1+ macrophages in fibrotic tissues resulting from prolonged inflammatory cues within each tissue microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John F Ouyang
- Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
| | - Kunal Mishra
- Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
| | - Yi Xie
- Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
| | - Harry Park
- Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
| | - Kevin Y Huang
- Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
| | - Enrico Petretto
- Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
- Institute for Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, School of Science, China Pharmaceutical University (CPU)NanjingChina
| | - Jacques Behmoaras
- Centre for Computational Biology, Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
- Programme in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, Duke-NUS Medical SchoolSingaporeSingapore
- Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Centre for Inflammatory Disease, Imperial College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bourayou E, Golub R. Inflammatory-driven NK cell maturation and its impact on pathology. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1061959. [PMID: 36569860 PMCID: PMC9780665 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1061959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
NK cells are innate lymphocytes involved in a large variety of contexts and are crucial in the immunity to intracellular pathogens as well as cancer due to their ability to kill infected or malignant cells. Thus, they harbor a strong potential for clinical and therapeutic use. NK cells do not require antigen exposure to get activated; their functional response is rather based on a balance between inhibitory/activating signals and on the diversity of germline-encoded receptors they express. In order to reach optimal functional status, NK cells go through a step-wise development in the bone marrow before their egress, and dissemination into peripheral organs via the circulation. In this review, we summarize bone marrow NK cell developmental stages and list key factors involved in their differentiation before presenting newly discovered and emerging factors that regulate NK cell central and peripheral maturation. Lastly, we focus on the impact inflammatory contexts themselves can have on NK cell development and functional maturation.
Collapse
|
5
|
Minhas AMK, Bhopalwala HM, Dewaswala N, Salah HM, Khan MS, Shahid I, Biegus J, Lopes RD, Pandey A, Fudim M. Association of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease with In-Hospital Outcomes in Primary Heart Failure Hospitalizations with Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction. Curr Probl Cardiol 2022:101199. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
6
|
Briones-Orta MA, Delgado-Coello B, Gutiérrez-Vidal R, Sosa-Garrocho M, Macías-Silva M, Mas-Oliva J. Quantitative Expression of Key Cancer Markers in the AS-30D Hepatocarcinoma Model. Front Oncol 2021; 11:670292. [PMID: 34737944 PMCID: PMC8561839 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.670292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the cancers with the highest mortality rate worldwide. HCC is often diagnosed when the disease is already in an advanced stage, making the discovery and implementation of biomarkers for the disease a critical aim in cancer research. In this study, we aim to quantify the transcript levels of key signaling molecules relevant to different pathways known to participate in tumorigenesis, with special emphasis on those related to cancer hallmarks and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, using as a model the murine transplantable hepatocarcinoma AS-30D. Using qPCR to quantify the mRNA levels of genes involved in tumorigenesis, we found elevated levels for Tgfb1 and Spp1, two master regulators of EMT. A mesenchymal signature profile for AS-30D cells is also supported by the overexpression of genes encoding for molecules known to be associated to aggressiveness and metastatic phenotypes such as Foxm1, C-met, and Inppl1. This study supports the use of the AS-30D cells as an efficient and cost-effective model to study gene expression changes in HCC, especially those associated with the EMT process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Briones-Orta
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Blanca Delgado-Coello
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Estructural, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roxana Gutiérrez-Vidal
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Estructural, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marcela Sosa-Garrocho
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Marina Macías-Silva
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jaime Mas-Oliva
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Estructural, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bruha R, Vitek L, Smid V. Osteopontin - A potential biomarker of advanced liver disease. Ann Hepatol 2021; 19:344-352. [PMID: 32005637 DOI: 10.1016/j.aohep.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cirrhosis is a primary cause of liver-related mortality and morbidity. The basic process driving chronic liver disease to cirrhosis is accelerated fibrogenesis. Although the pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis is a multifactorial process, the essential step in the evolution of liver fibrosis is the activation of hepatic stellate cells, which are the main source of collagen produced in the extracellular matrix. This activation process is mediated by multiple growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. One of the hepatic stellate cell-activating signaling molecules (and also one associated with cell injury and fibrosis) is osteopontin (OPN). OPN concentration in the plasma has been found to be predictive of liver fibrosis in various liver diseases. OPN concentrations correlate significantly with the stage of fibrosis, liver insufficiency, portal hypertension, and the presence of hepatocellular cancer. However, due to its versatile signaling functions, OPN not only contributes to the development of liver cirrhosis, but is also implicated in the pathogenesis of other chronic hepatic diseases such as viral hepatitis, both alcoholic and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, drug-induced liver injury, and hepatocellular cancer. Thus, the targeting of OPN pathways seems to be a promising approach in the treatment of chronic liver diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Radan Bruha
- Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, U Nemocnice 2, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Libor Vitek
- Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, U Nemocnice 2, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vaclav Smid
- Charles University in Prague, 1st Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital, 4th Department of Internal Medicine, U Nemocnice 2, Prague, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mechanisms and disease consequences of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Cell 2021; 184:2537-2564. [PMID: 33989548 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 773] [Impact Index Per Article: 257.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading chronic liver disease worldwide. Its more advanced subtype, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), connotes progressive liver injury that can lead to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Here we provide an in-depth discussion of the underlying pathogenetic mechanisms that lead to progressive liver injury, including the metabolic origins of NAFLD, the effect of NAFLD on hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism, bile acid toxicity, macrophage dysfunction, and hepatic stellate cell activation, and consider the role of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors that promote fibrosis progression and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in NASH.
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang Q, Wang J, Huang F, Yao Y, Xu L. Leptin induces NAFLD progression through infiltrated CD8+ T lymphocytes mediating pyroptotic-like cell death of hepatocytes and macrophages. Dig Liver Dis 2021; 53:598-605. [PMID: 33172809 DOI: 10.1016/j.dld.2020.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver disease, which causes serious health problems worldwide. Hyperleptinemia and inflammatory stress are crucial in the progression of NAFLD. However, the relationship between leptin and immune cells or hepatocytes is still unclear. AIMS This study aimed to clarify the regulatory mechanism of leptin-mediated disease progression through immune cells and its relationship with hepatocytes. METHODS An NAFLD rat model was established to verify the relationship between hyperleptinemia and CD8+ T lymphocytes and cytokines in liver tissue. CD8+ T lymphocytes isolated from blood mononuclear cells were co-cultured with macrophages or hepatocytes stimulated with leptin or treated with granzyme inhibitors to observe target cell morphology and expression of pivotal protein family members. RESULTS CD8+ T lymphocyte infiltration positively correlated with blood leptin, IL-18 and IL-1β levels and was related to macrophage recruitment and differentiation in a rat model of NAFLD. Leptin could induce activated caspase-1 and caspase-3 in hepatocytes and trigger hepatocyte pyroptosis. CONCLUSIONS Leptin may regulate the pyroptotic-like death of macrophages and hepatocytes through CD8+ T lymphocytes in NAFLD progression. The intervention of related pathways of leptin and immune cells may provide a promising strategy for treating NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinghui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan First People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, China.
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan First People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, China
| | - Feng Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan First People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, China
| | - Yongliang Yao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Kunshan First People's Hospital, Jiangsu University, Kunshan 215300, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sorimachi H, Obokata M, Takahashi N, Reddy YNV, Jain CC, Verbrugge FH, Koepp KE, Khosla S, Jensen MD, Borlaug BA. Pathophysiologic importance of visceral adipose tissue in women with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. Eur Heart J 2021; 42:1595-1605. [PMID: 33227126 PMCID: PMC8060057 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehaa823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Central obesity is a major risk factor for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), particularly in women, but the mechanisms remain unclear. We hypothesized that sex-specific differences in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) content would differentially relate to haemodynamic severity of HFpEF in women and men. METHODS AND RESULTS Abdominal computed tomography (CT) and invasive haemodynamic exercise testing were performed in 105 subjects with HFpEF (63 women) and 105 age-, sex-, and body mass index-matched controls. Visceral adipose tissue area was quantified by CT. As compared with control women, VAT area was 34% higher in women with HFpEF (186 ± 112 vs. 139 ± 72 cm2, P = 0.006), while VAT area was not significantly different in men with or without HFpEF (294 ± 158 vs. 252 ± 92 cm2, P = 0.1). During exercise, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) increased markedly and to similar extent in both men and women with HFpEF. Women with increased VAT area displayed 33% higher PCWP during exercise compared with women with normal VAT area (28 ± 10 vs. 21 ± 10 mmHg, P = 0.001), whereas exercise PCWP was similar in men with or without excess VAT (24 ± 9 vs. 25 ± 6, P = 0.89). In women, each 100 cm2 increase in VAT area was associated with a 4.0 mmHg higher PCWP (95% CI 2.1, 6.0 mmHg; P < 0.0001), but there was no such relationship in men (interaction P = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that accumulation of excess VAT plays a distinct and important role in the pathophysiology of HFpEF preferentially in women. Further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms and treatment implications for visceral fat in HFpEF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hidemi Sorimachi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Masaru Obokata
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Naoki Takahashi
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Yogesh N V Reddy
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Christopher C Jain
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Frederik H Verbrugge
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
- Department of Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, BE3500 Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Katlyn E Koepp
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Sundeep Khosla
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Michael D Jensen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Nutrition, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Barry A Borlaug
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Peiseler M, Tacke F. Inflammatory Mechanisms Underlying Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis and the Transition to Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:730. [PMID: 33578800 PMCID: PMC7916589 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a rising chronic liver disease and comprises a spectrum from simple steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) to end-stage cirrhosis and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The pathogenesis of NAFLD is multifactorial, but inflammation is considered the key element of disease progression. The liver harbors an abundance of resident immune cells, that in concert with recruited immune cells, orchestrate steatohepatitis. While inflammatory processes drive fibrosis and disease progression in NASH, fueling the ground for HCC development, immunity also exerts antitumor activities. Furthermore, immunotherapy is a promising new treatment of HCC, warranting a more detailed understanding of inflammatory mechanisms underlying the progression of NASH and transition to HCC. Novel methodologies such as single-cell sequencing, genetic fate mapping, and intravital microscopy have unraveled complex mechanisms behind immune-mediated liver injury. In this review, we highlight some of the emerging paradigms, including macrophage heterogeneity, contributions of nonclassical immune cells, the role of the adaptive immune system, interorgan crosstalk with adipose tissue and gut microbiota. Furthermore, we summarize recent advances in preclinical and clinical studies aimed at modulating the inflammatory cascade and discuss how these novel therapeutic avenues may help in preventing or combating NAFLD-associated HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Peiseler
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology & Physiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany;
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Itier R, Guillaume M, Ricci JE, Roubille F, Delarche N, Picard F, Galinier M, Roncalli J. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: from pathophysiology to practical issues. ESC Heart Fail 2021; 8:789-798. [PMID: 33534958 PMCID: PMC8006705 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in heart failure (HF) preserved left ventricular ejection fraction (HFpEF) patients could reach 50%. Therefore, NAFLD is considered an emerging risk factor. In 20% of NAFLD patients, the condition progresses to non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), the aggressive form of NAFLD characterized by the development of fibrosis in the liver, leading to cirrhosis. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the relationships between NAFLD and HFpEF and to discuss its impact in clinical setting. Based on international reports published during the past decade, there is growing evidence that NAFLD is associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases, including impaired cardiac structure and function, arterial hypertension, endothelial dysfunction, and early carotid atherosclerosis. NAFLD and HFpEF share common risk factors, co‐morbidities, and cardiac outcomes, in favour of a pathophysiological continuum. Currently, NAFLD and NASH are principally managed with non‐specific therapies targeting insulin resistance like sodium‐glucose co‐transporter‐2 inhibitors and liraglutide, which can effectively treat hepatic and cardiac issues. Studies including HFpEF patients are ongoing. Several specific NAFLD‐oriented therapies are currently being developed either alone or as combinations. NAFLD diagnosis is based on a chronic elevation of liver enzymes in a context of metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance, with fibrosis scores being available for clinical practice. In conclusion, identifying HF patients at risk of NAFLD is a critically important issue. As soon as NAFLD is confirmed and its severity determined, patients should be proposed a management focused on symptoms and co‐morbidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Romain Itier
- Department of Cardiology, Institute CARDIOMET, CHU-Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Maeva Guillaume
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Clinique Pasteur, Toulouse, France
| | | | - François Roubille
- INSERM, CNRS, Cardiology Department, PhyMedExp, Université de Montpellier, CHU-Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | | | | | - Michel Galinier
- Department of Cardiology, Institute CARDIOMET, CHU-Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Roncalli
- Department of Cardiology, Institute CARDIOMET, CHU-Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Abstract
Since it was first described by the German anatomist and histologist, Joseph Hugo Vincenz Disse, the structure and functions of the space of Disse, a thin perisinusoidal area between the endothelial cells and hepatocytes filled with blood plasma, have acquired great importance in liver disease. The space of Disse is home for the hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), the major fibrogenic players in the liver. Quiescent HSCs (qHSCs) store vitamin A, and upon activation they lose their retinol reservoir and become activated. Activated HSCs (aHSCs) are responsible for secretion of extracellular matrix (ECM) into the space of Disse. This early event in hepatic injury is accompanied by loss of the pores—known as fenestrations—of the endothelial cells, triggering loss of balance between the blood flow and the hepatocyte, and underlies the link between fibrosis and organ dysfunction. If the imbalance persists, the expansion of the fibrotic scar followed by the vascularized septae leads to cirrhosis and/or end-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Thus, researchers have been focused on finding therapeutic targets that reduce fibrosis. The space of Disse provides the perfect microenvironment for the stem cells niche in the liver and the interchange of nutrients between cells. In the present review article, we focused on the space of Disse, its components and its leading role in liver disease development.
Collapse
|
14
|
Osteopontin: A Key Regulator of Tumor Progression and Immunomodulation. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113379. [PMID: 33203146 PMCID: PMC7698217 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA-4-based immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) immunotherapy have recently emerged as a breakthrough in human cancer treatment. Durable efficacy has been achieved in many types of human cancers. However, not all human cancers respond to current ICB immunotherapy and only a fraction of the responsive cancers exhibit efficacy. Osteopontin (OPN) expression is highly elevated in human cancers and functions as a tumor promoter. Emerging data suggest that OPN may also regulate immune cell function in the tumor microenvironment. This review aims at OPN function in human cancer progression and new findings of OPN as a new immune checkpoint. We propose that OPN compensates PD-L1 function to promote tumor immune evasion, which may underlie human cancer non-response to current ICB immunotherapy. Abstract OPN is a multifunctional phosphoglycoprotein expressed in a wide range of cells, including osteoclasts, osteoblasts, neurons, epithelial cells, T, B, NK, NK T, myeloid, and innate lymphoid cells. OPN plays an important role in diverse biological processes and is implicated in multiple diseases such as cardiovascular, diabetes, kidney, proinflammatory, fibrosis, nephrolithiasis, wound healing, and cancer. In cancer patients, overexpressed OPN is often detected in the tumor microenvironment and elevated serum OPN level is correlated with poor prognosis. Initially identified in activated T cells and termed as early T cell activation gene, OPN links innate cells to adaptive cells in immune response to infection and cancer. Recent single cell RNA sequencing revealed that OPN is primarily expressed in tumor cells and tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells in human cancer patients. Emerging experimental data reveal a key role of OPN is tumor immune evasion through regulating macrophage polarization, recruitment, and inhibition of T cell activation in the tumor microenvironment. Therefore, in addition to its well-established direct tumor cell promotion function, OPN also acts as an immune checkpoint to negatively regulate T cell activation. The OPN protein level is highly elevated in peripheral blood of human cancer patients. OPN blockade immunotherapy with OPN neutralization monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) thus represents an attractive approach in human cancer immunotherapy.
Collapse
|
15
|
Tang M, Jia H, Chen S, Yang B, Patpur BK, Song W, Chang Y, Li J, Yang C. Significance of MR/OPN/HMGB1 axis in NAFLD-associated hepatic fibrogenesis. Life Sci 2020; 264:118619. [PMID: 33091447 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) plays a central role in liver fibrosis, however non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) associated liver fibrogenesis have been poorly understood. We aimed to determine the significance of mineralocorticoid receptor (MR)/osteopontin (OPN)/high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) axis in this setting. MAIN METHODS Liver specimens were collected from NAFLD patients and murine NAFLD models established with 12-week high fat diet (HFD) for analysis of both upstream signals of MR and intrahepatic MR/OPN/HMGB1 axis. The in vitro cell model of NAFLD-associated liver fibrogenesis was established by treating LX-2 (a cell line of human HSCs) with free fatty acids (FFA). The effects of MR signaling were evaluated using with ALD (MR activator) or eplerenone (Ep, MR antagonist). Moreover, the in vitro loss- and gain- of function approaches were applied to confirm the upstream and downstream relationships of mediators contained in the intracellular MR/OPN/HMGB1 axis of LX-2. KEY FINDINGS In NAFLD condition, both human and mouse liver tissue samples demonstrated a significant up-regulation of MR/OPN/HMGB1 axis simultaneously with enhanced expression of pro-fibrogenic markers, including ACTA2, TIMP1, TGFB1 and COL1A1. Besides, enhanced production of serum aldosterone (ALD) was also observed in mouse NAFLD models. Moreover, the in vitro data demonstrated MR play an essential role in FFA-induced HSCs fibrogenesis. Meanwhile, MR acts as the upstream effector mediator of OPN and shares downstream HMGB1 with OPN. SIGNIFICANCE The MR/OPN/HMGB1 axis could be therapeutically targeted to treat NAFLD associated hepatic fibrogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institution of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Haoyu Jia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institution of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institution of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institution of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Bhuvanesh Kinish Patpur
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institution of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Weiping Song
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institution of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Yizhong Chang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institution of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institution of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.
| | - Changqing Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Institution of Digestive Diseases, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abd-Allah H, Nasr M, Ahmed-Farid OAH, Ibrahim BMM, Bakeer RM, Ahmed RF. Nicotinamide and ascorbic acid nanoparticles against the hepatic insult induced in rats by high fat high fructose diet: A comparative study. Life Sci 2020; 263:118540. [PMID: 33035588 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) caused by consumption of high levels of fat and sugars (HFHS) in diet is considered one of the most dangerous medical complications among children and adolescents. Nicotinamide is among the promising candidates in ameliorating HFHS diet-induced NAFLD, but its use is limited by the possibility of prompting hepatotoxicity in high doses. Ascorbic acid is another promising candidate, however its use as a hepatoprotective agent is limited by its chemical instability. Therefore, the aim of the study was to overcome their delivery limitations and enhance their hepatoprotective activity by loading into nanoparticles. KEY FINDINGS In the present study, upon incorporating nicotinamide or ascorbic acid in chitosan nanoparticles, they ameliorated the insulin-resistant status induced in rats by a high-fat-high-fructose (HFHF) diet. Both formulae decreased serum level of ALT and AST, as well as liver tissue total cholesterol, triglycerides and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) levels. They also decreased oxidative and nitrosative stresses along with a significant increase in the hepatocellular energy. The biochemical findings were further confirmed by histopathological examination. Finally from the obtained data it could be concluded that chitosan nicotinamide nanoparticles at a dose level (10 mg/kg, p.o.) demonstrated beneficial pharmacological effect with safer toxicity profile than chitosan ascorbic acid nanoparticles. SIGNIFICANCE Nicotinamide chitosan nanoparticles could be recommended as daily supplement in the recovery from NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hend Abd-Allah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt
| | - Maha Nasr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ain Shams University, Egypt.
| | - Omar A H Ahmed-Farid
- Department of Physiology, National Organization for Drug Control and Research, Giza, Egypt
| | - Bassant M M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, (ID:60014618), Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| | - Rofanda M Bakeer
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Helwan University, Egypt; Instructor of Pathology, October University of Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA) University, Egypt
| | - Rania F Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Research Division, National Research Centre, (ID:60014618), Dokki, 12622 Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhu X, Jia X, Cheng F, Tian H, Zhou Y. c‐Jun
acts downstream of
PI3K
/
AKT
signaling to mediate the effect of leptin on methionine adenosyltransferase
2B
in hepatic stellate cells
in vitro
and
in vivo. J Pathol 2020; 252:423-432. [DOI: 10.1002/path.5536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical College Nantong University Nantong PR China
| | - Xin Jia
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical College Nantong University Nantong PR China
| | - Fangyun Cheng
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical College Nantong University Nantong PR China
| | - Haimeng Tian
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical College Nantong University Nantong PR China
| | - Yajun Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Medical College Nantong University Nantong PR China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Remmerie A, Martens L, Thoné T, Castoldi A, Seurinck R, Pavie B, Roels J, Vanneste B, De Prijck S, Vanhockerhout M, Binte Abdul Latib M, Devisscher L, Hoorens A, Bonnardel J, Vandamme N, Kremer A, Borghgraef P, Van Vlierberghe H, Lippens S, Pearce E, Saeys Y, Scott CL. Osteopontin Expression Identifies a Subset of Recruited Macrophages Distinct from Kupffer Cells in the Fatty Liver. Immunity 2020; 53:641-657.e14. [PMID: 32888418 PMCID: PMC7501731 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) represents a spectrum of disease states ranging from simple steatosis to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Hepatic macrophages, specifically Kupffer cells (KCs), are suggested to play important roles in the pathogenesis of MAFLD through their activation, although the exact roles played by these cells remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated that KCs were reduced in MAFLD being replaced by macrophages originating from the bone marrow. Recruited macrophages existed in two subsets with distinct activation states, either closely resembling homeostatic KCs or lipid-associated macrophages (LAMs) from obese adipose tissue. Hepatic LAMs expressed Osteopontin, a biomarker for patients with NASH, linked with the development of fibrosis. Fitting with this, LAMs were found in regions of the liver with reduced numbers of KCs, characterized by increased Desmin expression. Together, our data highlight considerable heterogeneity within the macrophage pool and suggest a need for more specific macrophage targeting strategies in MAFLD. Resident KCs are lost with time in MAFLD Resident KCs are replaced by distinct subsets of bone marrow derived macrophages One subset of recruited macrophages termed hepatic LAMs, express Osteopontin Hepatic LAMs are found in zones characterized by increased Desmin expression
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anneleen Remmerie
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Liesbet Martens
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Tinne Thoné
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Angela Castoldi
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ruth Seurinck
- Data Mining and Modelling for Biomedicine, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Benjamin Pavie
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB BioImaging Core, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Joris Roels
- Data Mining and Modelling for Biomedicine, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bavo Vanneste
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Sofie De Prijck
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Mathias Vanhockerhout
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Mushida Binte Abdul Latib
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Lindsey Devisscher
- Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Anne Hoorens
- Department of Pathology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Johnny Bonnardel
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Homeostasis and Regeneration, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Niels Vandamme
- Data Mining and Modelling for Biomedicine, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Anna Kremer
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB BioImaging Core, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Peter Borghgraef
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB BioImaging Core, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Hans Van Vlierberghe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent 9000, Belgium
| | - Saskia Lippens
- Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; VIB BioImaging Core, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium
| | - Edward Pearce
- Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany; University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Yvan Saeys
- Data Mining and Modelling for Biomedicine, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Applied Mathematics, Computer Science and Statistics, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Charlotte L Scott
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Biology in Tissue Damage and Inflammation, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent 9052, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Kriss M, Golden-Mason L, Kaplan J, Mirshahi F, Setiawan VW, Sanyal AJ, Rosen HR. Increased hepatic and circulating chemokine and osteopontin expression occurs early in human NAFLD development. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0236353. [PMID: 32730345 PMCID: PMC7392333 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & aims Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a subtype of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) that can lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma, is characterized by hepatic inflammation. Despite evolving therapies aimed to ameliorate inflammation in NASH, the transcriptional changes that lead to inflammation progression in NAFLD remain poorly understood. The aim of this pilot study was to define transcriptional changes in early, non-fibrotic NAFLD using two independent biopsy-proven NAFLD cohorts. Methods We extracted RNA from liver tissue of 40 patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD based on NAFLD Activity Score (NAS) (23 patients with NAS ≤3, 17 with NAS ≥5) and 21 healthy controls, and we compared changes in expression of 594 genes involved in innate immune function. Using plasma from an independent cohort of 67 patients with NAFLD and 15 healthy controls, we validated the gene changes observed using a multiplex protein assay. Results Compared to healthy controls, NAFLD patients with NAS ≥5 had differential expression of 211 genes, while those with NAS ≤3 had differential expression of only 14 genes. Notably, osteopontin (SPP1) (3.74-fold in NAS ≤3, 8.28-fold in NAS ≥5) and CXCL10 (2.27-fold in NAS ≤3, 8.28-fold in NAS ≥5) gene expression were significantly upregulated with histologic progression of NAFLD. Plasma osteopontin (SPP1) and CXCL10 are significantly increased in the presence of NAFLD, regardless of histologic grade. In addition, the plasma levels of these two proteins distinguish clearly between the presence or absence of NAFLD (AUC>0.90). Conclusions Osteopontin (SPP1) and CXCL10 are upregulated early in non-fibrotic NAFLD and may serve as valuable non-invasive biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kriss
- Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
- GI and Liver Innate Immune Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Lucy Golden-Mason
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California (USC) Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- USC Research Center for Liver Disease (RCLD), Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey Kaplan
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States of America
| | - Faridoddin Mirshahi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - V. Wendy Setiawan
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California (USC) Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- USC Research Center for Liver Disease (RCLD), Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California (USC) Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - Arun J. Sanyal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States of America
| | - Hugo R. Rosen
- Department of Medicine, University of Southern California (USC) Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- USC Research Center for Liver Disease (RCLD), Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nardo AD, Grün NG, Zeyda M, Dumanic M, Oberhuber G, Rivelles E, Helbich TH, Markgraf DF, Roden M, Claudel T, Trauner M, Stulnig TM. Impact of osteopontin on the development of non-alcoholic liver disease and related hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Int 2020; 40:1620-1633. [PMID: 32281248 PMCID: PMC7384114 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Osteopontin, a multifunctional protein and inflammatory cytokine, is overexpressed in adipose tissue and liver in obesity and contributes to the induction of adipose tissue inflammation and non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL). Studies performed in both mice and humans also point to a potential role for OPN in malignant transformation and tumour growth. To fully understand the role of OPN on the development of NAFL-derived hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we applied a non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)-HCC mouse model on osteopontin-deficient (Spp1-/- ) mice analysing time points of NASH, fibrosis and HCC compared to wild-type mice. METHODS Two-day-old wild-type and Spp1-/- mice received a low-dose streptozotocin injection in order to induce diabetes, and were fed a high-fat diet starting from week 4. Different cohorts of mice of both genotypes were sacrificed at 8, 12 and 19 weeks of age to evaluate the NASH, fibrosis and HCC phenotypes respectively. RESULTS Spp1-/- animals showed enhanced hepatic lipid accumulation and aggravated NASH, as also increased hepatocellular apoptosis and accelerated fibrosis. The worse steatotic and fibrotic phenotypes observed in Spp1-/- mice might be driven by enhanced hepatic fatty acid influx through CD36 overexpression and by a pathological accumulation of specific diacylglycerol species during NAFL. Lack of osteopontin lowered systemic inflammation, prevented HCC progression to less differentiated tumours and improved overall survival. CONCLUSIONS Lack of osteopontin dissociates NASH-fibrosis severity from overall survival and HCC malignant transformation in NAFLD, and is therefore a putative therapeutic target only for advanced chronic liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D. Nardo
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cardio‐Metabolic Immunotherapy and Clinical Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria,Present address:
Hans Popper Laboratory of Molecular HepatologyDivision of Gastroenterology & HepatologyMedical University of ViennaVienna1090Austria
| | - Nicole G. Grün
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cardio‐Metabolic Immunotherapy and Clinical Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Maximilian Zeyda
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cardio‐Metabolic Immunotherapy and Clinical Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria,Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Monika Dumanic
- Division of Nuclear MedicineDepartment of Biomedical Imaging and Image‐guided TherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Georg Oberhuber
- Department of PathologyGeneral Hospital of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Elisa Rivelles
- Department of Laboratory MedicineMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Thomas H. Helbich
- Division of Nuclear MedicineDepartment of Biomedical Imaging and Image‐guided TherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria,Division of Molecular and Gender ImagingDepartment of Biomedical Imaging and Image‐guided TherapyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Daniel F. Markgraf
- German Diabetes CenterLeibniz Center for Diabetes ResearchInstitute for Clinical DiabetologyHeinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Michael Roden
- German Diabetes CenterLeibniz Center for Diabetes ResearchInstitute for Clinical DiabetologyHeinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany,German Center of Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.)München‐NeuherbergGermany,Division of Endocrinology and DiabetologyMedical FacultyHeinrich‐Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Thierry Claudel
- Hans Popper Laboratory of Molecular HepatologyDivision of Gastroenterology & HepatologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Michael Trauner
- Hans Popper Laboratory of Molecular HepatologyDivision of Gastroenterology & HepatologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Thomas M. Stulnig
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Cardio‐Metabolic Immunotherapy and Clinical Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismDepartment of Medicine IIIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria,Present address:
Third Department of Medicine and Karl Landsteiner Institute for Metabolic Diseases and NephrologyHietzing HospitalVienna1130Austria
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Méndez-Sánchez N, Valencia-Rodríguez A, Coronel-Castillo C, Vera-Barajas A, Contreras-Carmona J, Ponciano-Rodríguez G, Zamora-Valdés D. The cellular pathways of liver fibrosis in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:400. [PMID: 32355844 PMCID: PMC7186641 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2020.02.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is considered the advanced stage of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It is characterized by liver steatosis, inflammation and different degrees of fibrosis. Although the exact mechanisms by which fatty liver progresses to NASH are still not well understood, innate and adaptive immune responses seem to be essential key regulators in the establishment, progression, and chronicity of these disease. Diet-induced lipid overload of parenchymal and non-parenchymal liver cells is considered the first step for the development of fatty liver with the consequent organelle dysfunction, cellular stress and liver injury. These will generate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) that will upregulate the activation of Kupffer cells (KCs) and monocyte-derived macrophages (MMs) favoring the polarization of the tolerogenic environment of the liver to an immunogenic phenotype with the resulting transdifferentiation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) into myofibroblasts developing fibrosis. In the long run, dendritic cells (DCs) will activate CD4+ T cells polarizing into the pro-inflammatory lymphocytes Th1 and Th17 worsening the liver damage and inflammation. Therefore, the objective of this review is to discuss in a systematic way the mechanisms known so far of the immune and non-proper immune liver cells in the development and progression of NASH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nahum Méndez-Sánchez
- Liver Research Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico.,Faculty of Medicine. National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Neutralizing antibody against osteopontin attenuates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice. J Cell Commun Signal 2020; 14:223-232. [PMID: 32062834 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-020-00554-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported that an extracellular matrix protein, osteopontin (OPN), is involved in various autoimmune diseases using a neutralizing polyclonal antibody against OPN generated in rabbits. However, the antibody cannot be used for long-term mouse models of chronic inflammatory disease because of the induction of antibodies against anti-OPN rabbit IgG. In this study, we generated a new antibody, anti-mouse OPN mouse IgG (35B6). 35B6 inhibited the cell adhesion of mouse and human OPN to Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells or CHO cells expressing α4 or α9 integrin. It was reported that OPN is highly expressed and has an important role in a chronic liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). 35B6 injection twice a week for 8 weeks attenuated liver inflammation and fibrosis in a NASH mouse model, suggesting 35B6 is beneficial for the treatment of NASH. 35B6 was preferable to the rabbit anti-OPN antibody for investigating the in vivo function of OPN in mouse models of long-term disease.
Collapse
|
23
|
Sawaki D, Czibik G, Pini M, Ternacle J, Suffee N, Mercedes R, Marcelin G, Surenaud M, Marcos E, Gual P, Clément K, Hue S, Adnot S, Hatem SN, Tsuchimochi I, Yoshimitsu T, Hénégar C, Derumeaux G. Visceral Adipose Tissue Drives Cardiac Aging Through Modulation of Fibroblast Senescence by Osteopontin Production. Circulation 2019; 138:809-822. [PMID: 29500246 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.117.031358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging induces cardiac structural and functional changes linked to the increased deposition of extracellular matrix proteins, including OPN (osteopontin), conducing to progressive interstitial fibrosis. Although OPN is involved in various pathological conditions, its role in myocardial aging remains unknown. METHODS OPN deficient mice (OPN-/-) with their wild-type (WT) littermates were evaluated at 2 and 14 months of age in terms of cardiac structure, function, histology and key molecular markers. OPN expression was determined by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunoblot and immunofluorescence. Luminex assays were performed to screen plasma samples for various cytokines/adipokines in addition to OPN. Similar explorations were conducted in aged WT mice after surgical removal of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) or treatment with a small-molecule OPN inhibitor agelastatin A. Primary WT fibroblasts were incubated with plasma from aged WT and OPN-/- mice, and evaluated for senescence (senescence-associated β-galactosidase and p16), as well as fibroblast activation markers (Acta2 and Fn1). RESULTS Plasma OPN levels increased in WT mice during aging, with VAT showing the strongest OPN induction contrasting with myocardium that did not express OPN. VAT removal in aged WT mice restored cardiac function and decreased myocardial fibrosis in addition to a substantial reduction of circulating OPN and transforming growth factor β levels. OPN deficiency provided a comparable protection against age-related cardiac fibrosis and dysfunction. Intriguingly, a strong induction of senescence in cardiac fibroblasts was observed in both VAT removal and OPN-/- mice. The addition of plasma from aged OPN-/- mice to cultures of primary cardiac fibroblasts induced senescence and reduced their activation (compared to aged WT plasma). Finally, Agelastatin A treatment of aged WT mice fully reversed age-related myocardial fibrosis and dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS During aging, VAT represents the main source of OPN and alters heart structure and function via its profibrotic secretome. As a proof-of-concept, interventions targeting OPN, such as VAT removal and OPN deficiency, rescued the heart and induced a selective modulation of fibroblast senescence. Our work uncovers OPN's role in the context of myocardial aging and proposes OPN as a potential new therapeutic target for a healthy cardiac aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daigo Sawaki
- INSERM IMRB U955, Université Paris-Est Creteil (D.S., G.C., M.P., J.T., R.M., M.S., E.M., S.H., S.A., C.H., G.D.)
| | - Gabor Czibik
- INSERM IMRB U955, Université Paris-Est Creteil (D.S., G.C., M.P., J.T., R.M., M.S., E.M., S.H., S.A., C.H., G.D.)
| | - Maria Pini
- INSERM IMRB U955, Université Paris-Est Creteil (D.S., G.C., M.P., J.T., R.M., M.S., E.M., S.H., S.A., C.H., G.D.)
| | - Julien Ternacle
- INSERM IMRB U955, Université Paris-Est Creteil (D.S., G.C., M.P., J.T., R.M., M.S., E.M., S.H., S.A., C.H., G.D.)
- AP-HP, Department of Cardiology, Henri Mondor Hospital, DHU-ATVB (J.T., G.D.)
| | - Nadine Suffee
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS 1166, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition ICAN (N.S., S.H.)
| | - Raquel Mercedes
- INSERM IMRB U955, Université Paris-Est Creteil (D.S., G.C., M.P., J.T., R.M., M.S., E.M., S.H., S.A., C.H., G.D.)
| | - Geneviève Marcelin
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital (G.M., K.C.)
- Sorbonne Universities, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris 06, INSERM UMR_S 1166, Nutriomics Team 6 (G.M., K.C.)
| | - Mathieu Surenaud
- INSERM IMRB U955, Université Paris-Est Creteil (D.S., G.C., M.P., J.T., R.M., M.S., E.M., S.H., S.A., C.H., G.D.)
- AP-HP Vaccine Research Institute (VRI) (M.S., S.H.)
| | - Elisabeth Marcos
- INSERM IMRB U955, Université Paris-Est Creteil (D.S., G.C., M.P., J.T., R.M., M.S., E.M., S.H., S.A., C.H., G.D.)
| | - Philippe Gual
- INSERM, U1065, C3M, Team 8 "hepatic complications in obesity" (P.G.)
- Université Côte d'Azur (P.G.)
| | - Karine Clément
- Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, ICAN, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital (G.M., K.C.)
- Sorbonne Universities, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, University of Paris 06, INSERM UMR_S 1166, Nutriomics Team 6 (G.M., K.C.)
- Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris, AP-HP, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Nutrition and Endocrinology Department and Hepato-biliary and Digestive Surgery Department (K.C.)
| | - Sophie Hue
- INSERM IMRB U955, Université Paris-Est Creteil (D.S., G.C., M.P., J.T., R.M., M.S., E.M., S.H., S.A., C.H., G.D.)
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS 1166, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition ICAN (N.S., S.H.)
- AP-HP Vaccine Research Institute (VRI) (M.S., S.H.)
| | - Serge Adnot
- INSERM IMRB U955, Université Paris-Est Creteil (D.S., G.C., M.P., J.T., R.M., M.S., E.M., S.H., S.A., C.H., G.D.)
- AP-HP, Department of Physiology, Henri Mondor Hospital, DHU-ATVB (S.A.)
| | - Stéphane N Hatem
- Institut de Cardiologie, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (S.H.)
| | - Izuru Tsuchimochi
- Laboratory of Synthetic Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University (I.T., T.Y.)
| | - Takehiko Yoshimitsu
- Laboratory of Synthetic Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry, and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University (I.T., T.Y.)
| | - Corneliu Hénégar
- INSERM IMRB U955, Université Paris-Est Creteil (D.S., G.C., M.P., J.T., R.M., M.S., E.M., S.H., S.A., C.H., G.D.)
| | - Geneviève Derumeaux
- INSERM IMRB U955, Université Paris-Est Creteil (D.S., G.C., M.P., J.T., R.M., M.S., E.M., S.H., S.A., C.H., G.D.)
- AP-HP, Department of Cardiology, Henri Mondor Hospital, DHU-ATVB (J.T., G.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Palma E, Doornebal EJ, Chokshi S. Precision-cut liver slices: a versatile tool to advance liver research. Hepatol Int 2018; 13:51-57. [PMID: 30515676 PMCID: PMC6513823 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-018-9913-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Human precision-cut liver slices represent a robust and versatile ex vivo model which retains the complex and multi-cellular histoarchitecture of the hepatic environment. As such, they represent an ideal model to investigate the mechanisms of liver injury and for the identification of novel therapeutic targets. Schematic overview to highlight the utility of precision-cut liver slices as a relevant and versatile ex-vivo model of liver disease. Top panel; Precision cut liver slices (PCLS) exposed to ethanol develop mega-mitochondria, a classical hallmark of Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD). Right panel; PCLS from liver tumours can be used as a model for liver cancer and can be used to investigate cancer-immune cell interactions by co-culturing with matched immune cells. Bottom panel; Exposure to a mixture of oleic and linoleic acids can simulate Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). Left panel; PCLS can be infected with Hepatitis B and C virus and used as a model to study viral infection and replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Palma
- Institute of Hepatology London, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK.,Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Ewald Jan Doornebal
- Institute of Hepatology London, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK.,Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Shilpa Chokshi
- Institute of Hepatology London, Foundation for Liver Research, London, UK. .,Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Hou W, Syn WK. Role of Metabolism in Hepatic Stellate Cell Activation and Fibrogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2018; 6:150. [PMID: 30483502 PMCID: PMC6240744 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2018.00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) involves the transition from a quiescent to a proliferative, migratory, and fibrogenic phenotype (i.e., myofibroblast), which is characteristic of liver fibrogenesis. Multiple cellular and molecular signals which contribute to HSC activation have been identified. This review specially focuses on the metabolic changes which impact on HSC activation and fibrogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hou
- Tianjin Second People's Hospital and Tianjin Institute of Hepatology, Tianjin, China.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States
| | - Wing-Kin Syn
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States.,Section of Gastroenterology, Ralph H. Johnson Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Charleston, SC, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Leptin/Osteopontin Axis Regulated Type 2T Helper Cell Response in Allergic Rhinitis with Obesity. EBioMedicine 2018; 32:43-49. [PMID: 29885866 PMCID: PMC6020855 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2018.05.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) and obesity in children increased concurrently during recent decades. However, the molecular pathway involved in the interaction between obesity and AR is still unclear. We aimed to investigate the interaction between leptin and osteopontin (OPN) and their effect on T helper (TH) response in the development of AR in children. Thirty AR and 30 healthy children with or without obesity were enrolled. Serum leptin and OPN levels were measured and their relationship with TH1/2 cytokines was analyzed. TH cell differentiation and cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) stimulated by leptin and/or OPN were analyzed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Obese AR mice models were established to verify the effect of obesity on leptin and OPN as well TH regulation. Immunoprecipitation was performed to confirm the interaction between OPN and leptin in CD4+ T cells. Our results showed elevated serum leptin and OPN in AR children correlated with TH2 cytokines expression. Leptin and OPN enhanced TH2 inflammation in house dust mite stimulated PBMCs from AR children synergistically. Obese AR mice showed as more severe inflammatory reaction, symptoms and expression of nasal leptin and OPN compared with other groups. Immunoprecipitation suggested that OPN and leptin may interact with each other and this process may be mediated by α4 integrin and PI3K/AKT pathway in CD4+ T cells. Our data provide evidence that leptin-mediated OPN upregulation promote TH2 inflammation in AR and this process is achieved through the α4 integrin and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways. Previous studies suggested that both leptin and osteopontin are increased in allergic rhinitis patients and related to the severity of disease. We also provide evidence that leptin and osteopontin contributes to TH2-skewed airway diseases. In the present study, our data suggested that obesity and allergic rhinitis interacted closely through leptin and OPN, and these cytokines may be used as potential biomarkers for disease severity of allergic rhinitis despite that more studies were needed.
Collapse
|
27
|
Patouraux S, Rousseau D, Bonnafous S, Lebeaupin C, Luci C, Canivet CM, Schneck AS, Bertola A, Saint-Paul MC, Iannelli A, Gugenheim J, Anty R, Tran A, Bailly-Maitre B, Gual P. CD44 is a key player in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. J Hepatol 2017; 67:328-338. [PMID: 28323124 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2017.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Cluster of differentiation (CD)44 regulates adipose tissue inflammation in obesity and hepatic leukocyte recruitment in a lithogenic context. However, its role in hepatic inflammation in a mouse model of steatohepatitis and its relevance in humans have not yet been investigated. We aimed to evaluated the contribution of CD44 to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) development and liver injury in mouse models and in patients at various stages of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) progression. METHODS The role of CD44 was evaluated in CD44-/- mice and after injections of an αCD44 antibody in wild-type mice challenged with a methionine- and choline-deficient diet (MCDD). In obese patients, hepatic CD44 (n=30 and 5 NASH patients with a second liver biopsy after bariatric surgery) and serum sCD44 (n=64) were evaluated. RESULTS Liver inflammation (including inflammatory foci number, macrophage and neutrophil infiltration and CCL2/CCR2 levels), liver injury and fibrosis strongly decreased in CD44-/- mice compared to wild-type mice on MCDD. CD44 deficiency enhanced the M2 polarization and strongly decreased the activation of macrophages by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), hepatocyte damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and saturated fatty acids. Neutralization of CD44 in mice with steatohepatitis strongly decreased the macrophage infiltration and chemokine ligand (CCL)2 expression with a partial correction of liver inflammation and injury. In obese patients, hepatic CD44 was strongly upregulated in NASH patients (p=0.0008) and correlated with NAFLD activity score (NAS) (p=0.001), ballooning (p=0.003), alanine transaminase (p=0.005) and hepatic CCL2 (p<0.001) and macrophage marker CD68 (p<0.001) expression. Correction of NASH was associated with a strong decrease in liver CD44+ cells. Finally, the soluble form of CD44 increased with severe steatosis (p=0.0005) and NASH (p=0.007). CONCLUSION Human and experimental data suggest that CD44 is a marker and key player of hepatic inflammation and its targeting partially corrects NASH. LAY SUMMARY Human and experimental data suggest that CD44, a cellular protein mainly expressed in immune cells, is a marker and key player of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Indeed, CD44 enhances the non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) (hepatic steatosis) to NASH progression by regulating hepatic macrophage polarization (pro-inflammatory phenotype) and infiltration (macrophage motility and the MCP1/CCL2/CCR2 system). Targeting CD44 partially corrects NASH, making it a potential therapeutic strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Patouraux
- INSERM, U1065, C3M, Team 8 "Hepatic Complications in Obesity", Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; CHU of Nice, Biological Center, Pasteur Hôpital, Nice, France
| | - Déborah Rousseau
- INSERM, U1065, C3M, Team 8 "Hepatic Complications in Obesity", Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Stéphanie Bonnafous
- INSERM, U1065, C3M, Team 8 "Hepatic Complications in Obesity", Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; CHU of Nice, Digestive Center, Nice, France
| | - Cynthia Lebeaupin
- INSERM, U1065, C3M, Team 8 "Hepatic Complications in Obesity", Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Carmelo Luci
- INSERM, U1065, C3M, Team 8 "Hepatic Complications in Obesity", Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Clémence M Canivet
- INSERM, U1065, C3M, Team 8 "Hepatic Complications in Obesity", Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; CHU of Nice, Digestive Center, Nice, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Schneck
- INSERM, U1065, C3M, Team 8 "Hepatic Complications in Obesity", Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; CHU of Nice, Digestive Center, Nice, France
| | - Adeline Bertola
- INSERM, U1065, C3M, Team 8 "Hepatic Complications in Obesity", Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Marie-Christine Saint-Paul
- INSERM, U1065, C3M, Team 8 "Hepatic Complications in Obesity", Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; CHU of Nice, Biological Center, Pasteur Hôpital, Nice, France
| | - Antonio Iannelli
- INSERM, U1065, C3M, Team 8 "Hepatic Complications in Obesity", Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; CHU of Nice, Digestive Center, Nice, France
| | - Jean Gugenheim
- INSERM, U1065, C3M, Team 8 "Hepatic Complications in Obesity", Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; CHU of Nice, Digestive Center, Nice, France
| | - Rodolphe Anty
- INSERM, U1065, C3M, Team 8 "Hepatic Complications in Obesity", Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; CHU of Nice, Digestive Center, Nice, France
| | - Albert Tran
- INSERM, U1065, C3M, Team 8 "Hepatic Complications in Obesity", Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France; CHU of Nice, Digestive Center, Nice, France
| | - Béatrice Bailly-Maitre
- INSERM, U1065, C3M, Team 8 "Hepatic Complications in Obesity", Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Philippe Gual
- INSERM, U1065, C3M, Team 8 "Hepatic Complications in Obesity", Nice, France; Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
de Souza VCA, Pereira TA, Teixeira VW, Carvalho H, de Castro MCAB, D’assunção CG, de Barros AF, Carvalho CL, de Lorena VMB, Costa VMA, Teixeira ÁAC, Figueiredo RCBQ, de Oliveira SA. Bone marrow-derived monocyte infusion improves hepatic fibrosis by decreasing osteopontin, TGF-β1, IL-13 and oxidative stress. World J Gastroenterol 2017; 23:5146-5157. [PMID: 28811709 PMCID: PMC5537181 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v23.i28.5146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the therapeutic effects of bone marrow-derived CD11b+CD14+ monocytes in a murine model of chronic liver damage.
METHODS Chronic liver damage was induced in C57BL/6 mice by administration of carbon tetrachloride and ethanol for 6 mo. Bone marrow-derived monocytes isolated by immunomagnetic separation were used for therapy. The cell transplantation effects were evaluated by morphometry, biochemical assessment, immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
RESULTS CD11b+CD14+ monocyte therapy significantly reduced liver fibrosis and increased hepatic glutathione levels. Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β, in addition to pro-fibrotic factors, such as IL-13, transforming growth factor-β1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 also decreased, while IL-10 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 increased in the monocyte-treated group. CD11b+CD14+ monocyte transplantation caused significant changes in the hepatic expression of α-smooth muscle actin and osteopontin.
CONCLUSION Monocyte therapy is capable of bringing about improvement of liver fibrosis by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as increasing anti-fibrogenic factors.
Collapse
|
29
|
Abstract
Hepatic fibrosis is a dynamic process characterized by the net accumulation of extracellular matrix resulting from chronic liver injury of any aetiology, including viral infection, alcoholic liver disease and NASH. Activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) - transdifferentiation of quiescent, vitamin-A-storing cells into proliferative, fibrogenic myofibroblasts - is now well established as a central driver of fibrosis in experimental and human liver injury. Yet, the continued discovery of novel pathways and mediators, including autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, retinol and cholesterol metabolism, epigenetics and receptor-mediated signals, reveals the complexity of HSC activation. Extracellular signals from resident and inflammatory cells including macrophages, hepatocytes, liver sinusoidal endothelial cells, natural killer cells, natural killer T cells, platelets and B cells further modulate HSC activation. Finally, pathways of HSC clearance have been greatly clarified, and include apoptosis, senescence and reversion to an inactivated state. Collectively, these findings reinforce the remarkable complexity and plasticity of HSC activation, and underscore the value of clarifying its regulation in hopes of advancing the development of novel diagnostics and therapies for liver disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takuma Tsuchida
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, Box 1123, New York, New York 10029, USA.,Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 2-2-50, Kawagishi, Toda-shi, Saitama 335-8505, Japan
| | - Scott L Friedman
- Division of Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1425 Madison Avenue, Box 1123, New York, New York 10029, USA
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Immune-Inflammatory and Metabolic Effects of High Dose Furosemide plus Hypertonic Saline Solution (HSS) Treatment in Cirrhotic Subjects with Refractory Ascites. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0165443. [PMID: 27941973 PMCID: PMC5152809 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Patients with chronic liver diseases are usually thin as a result of hypermetabolism and malnutrition expressed by reduced levels of leptin and impairment of other adyponectins such as visfatin. Aims We evaluated the metabolic and inflammatory effects of intravenous high-dose furosemide plus hypertonic saline solutions (HSS) compared with repeated paracentesis and a standard oral diuretic schedule, in patients with cirrhosis and refractory ascites. Methods 59 consecutive cirrhotic patients with refractory ascites unresponsive to outpatient treatment. Enrolled subjects were randomized to treatment with intravenous infusion of furosemide (125–250mg⁄bid) plus small volumes of HSS from the first day after admission until 3 days before discharge (Group A, n:38), or repeated paracentesis from the first day after admission until 3 days before discharge (Group B, n: 21). Plasma levels of ANP, BNP, Leptin, visfatin, IL-1β, TNF-a, IL-6 were measured before and after the two type of treatment. Results Subjects in group A were observed to have a significant reduction of serum levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, ANP, BNP, and visfatin, thus regarding primary efficacy endpoints, in Group A vs. Group B we observed higher Δ-TNF-α, Δ-IL-1β, Δ-IL-6, Δ-ANP, Δ-BNP, Δ-visfatin, Δ-Leptin at discharge. Discussion Our findings underline the possible inflammatory and metabolic effect of saline overload correction in treatment of cirrhosis complications such as refractory ascites, suggesting a possible role of inflammatory and metabolic-nutritional variables as severity markers in these patients.
Collapse
|
31
|
Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Upregulates miR-221 to Inhibit Osteopontin-Dependent Hepatic Fibrosis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167435. [PMID: 27935974 PMCID: PMC5147893 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteopontin (OPN) promotes hepatic fibrosis, and developing therapies targeting OPN expression in settings of hepatic injury holds promise. The polyphenol epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), found in high concentrations in green tea, downregulates OPN expression through OPN mRNA degradation, but the mechanism is unknown. Previous work has shown that microRNAs can decrease OPN mRNA levels, and other studies have shown that EGCG modulates the expression of multiple microRNAs. In our study, we first demonstrated that OPN induces hepatic stellate cells to transform into an activated state. We then identified three microRNAs which target OPN mRNA: miR-181a, miR-10b, and miR-221. In vitro results show that EGCG upregulates all three microRNAs, and all three microRNAs are capable of down regulating OPN mRNA when administered alone. Interestingly, only miR-221 is necessary for EGCG-mediated OPN mRNA degradation and miR-221 inhibition reduces the effects of EGCG on cell function. In vivo experiments show that thioacetamide (TAA)-induced cell cytotoxicity upregulates OPN expression; treatment with EGCG blocks the effects of TAA. Furthermore, chronic treatment of EGCG in vivo upregulates all three microRNAs equally, suggesting that in more chronic treatment all three microRNAs are involved in modulating OPN expression. We conclude that in in vitro and in vivo models of TAA-induced hepatic fibrosis, EGCG inhibits OPN-dependent injury and fibrosis. EGCG works primarily by upregulating miR-221 to accelerate OPN degradation. EGCG may therefore have utility as a protective agent in settings of liver injury.
Collapse
|
32
|
Reid DT, Reyes JL, McDonald BA, Vo T, Reimer RA, Eksteen B. Kupffer Cells Undergo Fundamental Changes during the Development of Experimental NASH and Are Critical in Initiating Liver Damage and Inflammation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159524. [PMID: 27454866 PMCID: PMC4959686 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has become the leading liver disease in North America and is associated with the progressive inflammatory liver disease non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Considerable effort has been made to understand the role of resident and recruited macrophage populations in NASH however numerous questions remain. Our goal was to characterize the dynamic changes in liver macrophages during the initiation of NASH in a murine model. Using the methionine-choline deficient diet we found that liver-resident macrophages, Kupffer cells were lost early in disease onset followed by a robust infiltration of Ly-6C+ monocyte-derived macrophages that retained a dynamic phenotype. Genetic profiling revealed distinct patterns of inflammatory gene expression between macrophage subsets. Only early depletion of liver macrophages using liposomal clodronate prevented the development of NASH in mice suggesting that Kupffer cells are critical for the orchestration of inflammation during experimental NASH. Increased understanding of these dynamics may allow us to target potentially harmful populations whilst promoting anti-inflammatory or restorative populations to ultimately guide the development of effective treatment strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D. T. Reid
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - J. L. Reyes
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Laboratorio de Inmunología Experimental y Regulación de la Inflamación Hepato-intestinal, UBIMED, FES Iztacala, UNAM, Mexico
| | - B. A. McDonald
- Department of Ecosystem and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - T. Vo
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - R. A. Reimer
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - B. Eksteen
- Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Thompson MD, Cismowski MJ, Trask AJ, Lallier SW, Graf AE, Rogers LK, Lucchesi PA, Brigstock DR. Enhanced Steatosis and Fibrosis in Liver of Adult Offspring Exposed to Maternal High-Fat Diet. Gene Expr 2016; 17:47-59. [PMID: 27342733 PMCID: PMC5611859 DOI: 10.3727/105221616x692135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Early life exposures can increase the risk of developing chronic diseases including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Maternal high-fat diet increases susceptibility to development of steatosis in the offspring. We determined the effect of maternal high-fat diet exposure in utero and during lactation on offspring liver histopathology, particularly fibrosis. Female C57Bl/6J mice were fed a control or high-fat diet (HFD) for 8 weeks and bred with lean males. Nursing dams were continued on the same diet with offspring sacrificed during the perinatal period or maintained on either control or high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Increased hepatocyte proliferation and stellate cell activation were observed in the liver of HFD-exposed pups. Offspring exposed to perinatal high-fat diet and high-fat diet postweaning showed extensive hepatosteatosis compared to offspring on high-fat diet after perinatal control diet. Offspring exposed to perinatal high-fat diet and then placed on control diet for 12 weeks developed steatosis and pericellular fibrosis. Importantly, we found that exposure to perinatal high-fat diet unexpectedly promotes more rapid disease progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, with a sustained fibrotic phenotype, only in adult offspring fed a postweaning control diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Thompson
- *Division of Endocrinology, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mary J. Cismowski
- †Center for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Aaron J. Trask
- †Center for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Scott W. Lallier
- ‡Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Amanda E. Graf
- ‡Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Lynette K. Rogers
- ‡Center for Perinatal Research, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Pamela A. Lucchesi
- †Center for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- §Department of Basic Sciences, The Commonwealth Medical College, Scranton, PA, USA
| | - David R. Brigstock
- ¶Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Wang C, Duan X, Sun X, Liu Z, Sun P, Yang X, Sun H, Liu K, Meng Q. Protective effects of glycyrrhizic acid from edible botanical glycyrrhiza glabra against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice. Food Funct 2016; 7:3716-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00773b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glycyrrhizic acid protects against non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changyuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
- College of Pharmacy
- Dalian Medical University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Xingping Duan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
- College of Pharmacy
- Dalian Medical University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Xue Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
- College of Pharmacy
- Dalian Medical University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
- College of Pharmacy
- Dalian Medical University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Pengyuan Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
- College of Pharmacy
- Dalian Medical University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
- College of Pharmacy
- Dalian Medical University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Huijun Sun
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
- College of Pharmacy
- Dalian Medical University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
- College of Pharmacy
- Dalian Medical University
- Dalian
- China
| | - Qiang Meng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology
- College of Pharmacy
- Dalian Medical University
- Dalian
- China
| |
Collapse
|