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Mudunuri A, Chandrakanth M, Khan S, Sura C, Kumar N, Tung S. Diet-induced plasticity of life-history traits and gene expression in outbred Drosophila melanogaster population. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e10976. [PMID: 38343564 PMCID: PMC10857930 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Food is fundamental for the survival of organisms, governing growth, maintenance, and reproduction through the provision of essential macronutrients. However, access to food with optimum macronutrient composition, which will maximize the evolutionary fitness of an organism, is not always guaranteed. This leads to dietary mismatches with potential impacts on organismal performance. To understand the consequences of such dietary mismatches, we examined the effects of isocaloric diets varying in macronutrient composition on eight key organismal traits spanning across the lifespan of a large outbred Drosophila melanogaster population (n ~ 2500). Our findings reveal that carbohydrate-reduced isocaloric diets correlates to accelerated pre-adult development and boosts reproductive output without impacting pre-adult viability and body size. Conversely, an elevated dietary carbohydrate content correlated to reduced lifespan in flies, evidenced by accelerated functional senescence including compromised locomotor activity and deteriorating gut integrity. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis indicated a substantial difference in gene regulatory landscapes between flies subject to high-carbohydrate versus high-protein diet, with elevated protein levels indicating transcriptomes primed for reduced synthesis of fatty acids. Taken together, our study helps advance our understanding of the effect of macronutrient composition on life history traits and their interrelations, offering critical insights into potential adaptive strategies that organisms might adopt against the continual dietary imbalances prevalent in the rapidly evolving environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhila Mudunuri
- Integrated Genetics and Evolution Laboratory (IGEL), Department of BiologyAshoka UniversitySonipatHaryanaIndia
- Present address:
Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective BehaviorUniversity of KonstanzKonstanzGermany
- Present address:
International Max Planck Research School for Quantitative Behavior, Ecology and EvolutionKonstanzGermany
- Present address:
Department of BiologyUniversity of KonstanzKonstanzGermany
| | - Mohankumar Chandrakanth
- Integrated Genetics and Evolution Laboratory (IGEL), Department of BiologyAshoka UniversitySonipatHaryanaIndia
| | - Soumen Khan
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) PunePuneMaharashtraIndia
- Present address:
Soumen Khan, Epigenetics DepartmentThe Babraham InstituteCambridgeUK
| | - Chand Sura
- Integrated Genetics and Evolution Laboratory (IGEL), Department of BiologyAshoka UniversitySonipatHaryanaIndia
| | - Nishant Kumar
- Integrated Genetics and Evolution Laboratory (IGEL), Department of BiologyAshoka UniversitySonipatHaryanaIndia
| | - Sudipta Tung
- Integrated Genetics and Evolution Laboratory (IGEL), Department of BiologyAshoka UniversitySonipatHaryanaIndia
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2
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Huang WH, Kajal K, Wibowo RH, Amartuvshin O, Kao SH, Rastegari E, Lin CH, Chiou KL, Pi HW, Ting CT, Hsu HJ. Excess dietary sugar impairs Drosophila adult stem cells via elevated reactive oxygen species-induced JNK signaling. Development 2024; 151:dev201772. [PMID: 38063853 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
High-sugar diets (HSDs) often lead to obesity and type 2 diabetes, both metabolic syndromes associated with stem cell dysfunction. However, it is unclear whether excess dietary sugar affects stem cells. Here, we report that HSD impairs stem cell function in the intestine and ovaries of female Drosophila prior to the onset of insulin resistance, a hallmark of type 2 diabetes. Although 1 week of HSD leads to obesity, impaired oogenesis and altered lipid metabolism, insulin resistance does not occur. HSD increases glucose uptake by germline stem cells (GSCs) and triggers reactive oxygen species-induced JNK signaling, which reduces GSC proliferation. Removal of excess sugar from the diet reverses these HSD-induced phenomena. A similar phenomenon is found in intestinal stem cells (ISCs), except that HSD disrupts ISC maintenance and differentiation. Interestingly, tumor-like GSCs and ISCs are less responsive to HSD, which may be because of their dependence on glycolytic metabolism and high energy demand, respectively. This study suggests that excess dietary sugar induces oxidative stress and damages stem cells before insulin resistance develops, a mechanism that may also occur in higher organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hao Huang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10917
| | - Kreeti Kajal
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, National Chung Hsing University and Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227
| | | | - Oyundari Amartuvshin
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490
| | - Shih-Han Kao
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
| | - Elham Rastegari
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
| | - Chi-Hung Lin
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Molecular and Cell Biology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529
- Graduate Institute of Life Science, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490
| | - Kuan-Lin Chiou
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Hai-Wei Pi
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Ti Ting
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10917
| | - Hwei-Jan Hsu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Sinica, Taipei 11529
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3
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Nunes RD, Drummond-Barbosa D. A high-sugar diet, but not obesity, reduces female fertility in Drosophila melanogaster. Development 2023; 150:dev201769. [PMID: 37795747 PMCID: PMC10617608 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is linked to reduced fertility in various species, from Drosophila to humans. Considering that obesity is often induced by changes in diet or eating behavior, it remains unclear whether obesity, diet, or both reduce fertility. Here, we show that Drosophila females on a high-sugar diet become rapidly obese and less fertile as a result of increased death of early germline cysts and vitellogenic egg chambers (or follicles). They also have high glycogen, glucose and trehalose levels and develop insulin resistance in their fat bodies (but not ovaries). By contrast, females with adipocyte-specific knockdown of the anti-obesity genes brummer or adipose are obese but have normal fertility. Remarkably, females on a high-sugar diet supplemented with a separate source of water have mostly normal fertility and glucose levels, despite persistent obesity, high glycogen and trehalose levels, and fat body insulin resistance. These findings demonstrate that a high-sugar diet affects specific processes in oogenesis independently of insulin resistance, that high glucose levels correlate with reduced fertility on a high-sugar diet, and that obesity alone does not impair fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Dutra Nunes
- Department of Genetics, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Daniela Drummond-Barbosa
- Department of Genetics, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- Morgridge Institute for Research, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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4
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Wang L, Wei DD, Wang GQ, Huang HQ, Wang JJ. High-Sucrose Diet Exposure on Larvae Contributes to Adult Fecundity and Insecticide Tolerance in the Oriental Fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel). INSECTS 2023; 14:insects14050407. [PMID: 37233035 DOI: 10.3390/insects14050407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the broad host ranges and economically-important insect pests in tropical and subtropical areas. A wide range of hosts means they have strong adaptation ability to changes in dietary macronutrients (e.g., sucrose and protein). However, the effects of dietary conditions on the phenotypes and genotypes of B. dorsalis are still unclear. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of larval dietary sucrose on the life history traits and stress tolerance of B. dorsalis, and its defense response at the molecular level. The results showed that low-sucrose (LS) induced decreased body size, shortened developmental duration, and enhanced sensitivity to beta-cypermethrin. Otherwise, high-sucrose (HS) diet increased developmental duration, adult fecundity, and tolerance to malathion. Based on transcriptome data, 258 and 904 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the NS (control) versus LS groups, and NS versus HS groups, respectively. These yielded DEGs were relevant to multiple specific metabolisms, hormone synthesis and signaling, and immune-related pathways. Our study will provide biological and molecular perspective to understand phenotypic adjustments to diets and the strong host adaptability in oriental fruit flies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Dan-Dan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
| | - Gui-Qiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Han-Qin Huang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, China
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5
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Zhang S, Xie J, Luo R, Zhang H, Zheng W. MiR-2b-2-5p regulates lipid metabolism and reproduction by targeting CREB in Bactrocera dorsalis. RNA Biol 2023; 20:164-176. [PMID: 37092804 PMCID: PMC10128458 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2023.2204579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In female animals, metabolic homoeostasis and reproductive fitness are critical to population expansion. The trade-off between lipid storage and reproduction inevitably occurs. However, most studies have focused on the complex network of relationships between reproductive and metabolic physiology at the transcriptional level. In this study, we identified a microRNA, miR-2b-2-5p, in a highly invasive quarantine pest, Bactrocera dorsalis. Knockdown of miR-2b-2-5p by antagomiR microinjection impaired ovarian development, reduced fecundity, and decreased triglyceride (TAG) storage in the fat body, whereas overexpression of miR-2b-2-5p by injection of its mimic caused reproductive defects similar to knockdown but increased TAG. Bioinformatics analysis and dual luciferase assay indicated that cyclic AMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB) was the target gene of miR-2b-2-5p. RNAi-mediated knockdown of CREB led to excessive lipid storage and reproductive defects. Further starvation treatment revealed that miR-2b-2-5p functions by fine-tuning CREB expression in response to dietary stimuli. These results suggest that miR-2b-2-5p acts as a monitor to regulate CREB mRNA levels in the fat body, maintaining lipid homoeostasis and keeping the reproductive system on track. Thus, our study not only provides new insights into the interaction between metabolism and reproduction at the posttranscriptional level in B. dorsalis, but also providing a potential eco-friendly control strategy (RNAi-based biopesticides targeting essential miRNAs) for this notorious agricultural pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengfeng Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Junfei Xie
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rengang Luo
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Weiwei Zheng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Hubei Key Laboratory of Insect Resource Application and Sustainable Pest Control, Institute of Urban and Horticultural Entomology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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6
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Simmons C, Bradshaw TW, Armstrong AR. Methods to Analyze Nutritional and Inter-Organ Control of Drosophila Ovarian Germline Stem Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2677:81-97. [PMID: 37464236 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3259-8_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Physiological status, particularly dietary input, has major impacts on the Drosophila melanogaster ovarian germline stem cell lineage. Moreover, several studies have shed light on the role that inter-organ communication plays in coordinating whole-organism responses to changes in physiology. For example, nutrient-sensing signaling pathways function within the fat body to regulate germline stem cells and their progeny in the ovary. Together with its incredible genetic and cell biological toolkits, Drosophila serves as an amenable model organism to use for uncovering molecular mechanisms that underlie physiological control of adult stem cells. In this methods chapter, we describe a general dietary manipulation paradigm, genetic manipulation of adult adipocytes, and whole-mount ovary immunofluorescence to investigate physiological control of germline stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chad Simmons
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Tancia W Bradshaw
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Alissa R Armstrong
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
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Liu H, Li J, Chang X, He F, Ma J. Modeling Obesity-Associated Ovarian Dysfunction in Drosophila. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14245365. [PMID: 36558524 PMCID: PMC9783805 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We perform quantitative studies to investigate the effect of high-calorie diet on Drosophila oogenesis. We use the central composite design (CCD) method to obtain quadratic regression models of body fat and fertility as a function of the concentrations of protein and sucrose, two major macronutrients in Drosophila diet, and treatment duration. Our results reveal complex interactions between sucrose and protein in impacting body fat and fertility when they are considered as an integrated physiological response. We verify the utility of our quantitative modeling approach by experimentally confirming the physiological responses-including increased body fat, reduced fertility, and ovarian insulin insensitivity-expected of a treatment condition identified by our modeling method. Under this treatment condition, we uncover a Drosophila oogenesis phenotype that exhibits an accumulation of immature oocytes and a halt in the production of mature oocytes, a phenotype that bears resemblance to key aspects of the human condition of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Our analysis of the dynamic progression of different aspects of diet-induced pathophysiology also suggests an order of the onset timing for obesity, ovarian dysfunction, and insulin resistance. Thus, our study documents the utility of quantitative modeling approaches toward understanding the biology of Drosophila female reproduction, in relation to diet-induced obesity and type II diabetes, serving as a potential disease model for human ovarian dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanju Liu
- Women’s Hospital and Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic and Developmental Disorder, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiajun Li
- ZJU-UOE Institute, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Haining 314400, China
| | - Xinyue Chang
- Women’s Hospital and Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic and Developmental Disorder, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Feng He
- Women’s Hospital and Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic and Developmental Disorder, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Correspondence: (F.H.); (J.M.)
| | - Jun Ma
- Women’s Hospital and Institute of Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic and Developmental Disorder, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Women’s Reproductive Health Research Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310006, China
- Zhejiang University-University of Toronto Joint Institute of Genetics and Genome Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Correspondence: (F.H.); (J.M.)
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Kohil A, Chouliaras S, Alabduljabbar S, Lakshmanan AP, Ahmed SH, Awwad J, Terranegra A. Female infertility and diet, is there a role for a personalized nutritional approach in assisted reproductive technologies? A Narrative Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:927972. [PMID: 35938101 PMCID: PMC9353397 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.927972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Female infertility is a major public health concern and a global challenge. It is a disorder of the reproductive system, defined as the inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy. Nutrition and other environmental factors are found to impact reproductive health in women as well as the outcome of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Dietary factors, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), fiber as well as the intake of Mediterranean diet appear to exert beneficial effects on female reproductive outcomes. The exact mechanisms associating diet to female fertility are yet to be identified, although genomic, epigenomic, and microbial pathways may be implicated. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on the impact of dietary components on female reproduction and ART outcomes, and to discuss the relevant interplay of diet with genome, epigenome and microbial composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Kohil
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | | | - Johnny Awwad
- Reproductive Medicine Unit, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
| | - Annalisa Terranegra
- Research Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar
- *Correspondence: Annalisa Terranegra
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Phenotyping of Drosophila melanogaster—A Nutritional Perspective. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12020221. [PMID: 35204721 PMCID: PMC8961528 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The model organism Drosophila melanogaster was increasingly applied in nutrition research in recent years. A range of methods are available for the phenotyping of D. melanogaster, which are outlined in the first part of this review. The methods include determinations of body weight, body composition, food intake, lifespan, locomotor activity, reproductive capacity and stress tolerance. In the second part, the practical application of the phenotyping of flies is demonstrated via a discussion of obese phenotypes in response to high-sugar diet (HSD) and high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. HSD feeding and HFD feeding are dietary interventions that lead to an increase in fat storage and affect carbohydrate-insulin homeostasis, lifespan, locomotor activity, reproductive capacity and stress tolerance. Furthermore, studies regarding the impacts of HSD and HFD on the transcriptome and metabolome of D. melanogaster are important for relating phenotypic changes to underlying molecular mechanisms. Overall, D. melanogaster was demonstrated to be a valuable model organism with which to examine the pathogeneses and underlying molecular mechanisms of common chronic metabolic diseases in a nutritional context.
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10
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Sexual Dimorphism in Metabolic Responses to Western Diet in Drosophila melanogaster. Biomolecules 2021; 12:biom12010033. [PMID: 35053181 PMCID: PMC8774106 DOI: 10.3390/biom12010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic disease affecting millions of people worldwide. The fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) is an interesting research model to study metabolic and transcriptomic responses to obesogenic diets. However, the sex-specific differences in these responses are still understudied and perhaps underestimated. In this study, we exposed adult male and female Dahomey fruit flies to a standard diet supplemented with sugar, fat, or a combination of both. The exposure to a diet supplemented with 10% sugar and 10% fat efficiently induced an increase in the lipid content in flies, a hallmark for obesity. This increase in lipid content was more prominent in males, while females displayed significant changes in glycogen content. A strong effect of the diets on the ovarian size and number of ma-ture oocytes was also present in females exposed to diets supplemented with fat and a combina-tion of fat and sugar. In both males and females, fat body morphology changed and was associ-ated with an increase in lipid content of fat cells in response to the diets. The expression of me-tabolism-related genes also displayed a strong sexually dimorphic response under normal condi-tions and in response to sugar and/or fat-supplemented diets. Here, we show that the exposure of adult fruit flies to an obesogenic diet containing both sugar and fat allowed studying sexual dimorphism in metabolism and the expression of genes regulating metabolism.
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Lee SH, Kim EY. Short-term maintenance on a high-sucrose diet alleviates aging-induced sleep fragmentation in drosophila. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2021; 25:377-386. [PMID: 35059137 PMCID: PMC8765278 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2021.1997801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a fundamental behavior in an animal’s life influenced by many internal and external factors, such as aging and diet. Critically, poor sleep quality places people at risk of serious medical conditions. Because aging impairs quality of sleep, measures to improve sleep quality for elderly people are needed. Given that diet can influence many aspects of sleep, we investigated whether a high-sucrose diet (HSD) affected aging-induced sleep fragmentation using the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster. Drosophila is a valuable model for studying sleep due to its genetic tractability and many similarities with mammalian sleep. Total sleep duration, sleep bout numbers (SBN), and average sleep bout length (ABL) were compared between young and old flies on a normal sucrose diet (NSD) or HSD. On the NSD, old flies slept slightly more and showed increased SBN and reduced ABL, indicating increased sleep fragmentation. Short-term maintenance of flies in HSD (up to 8 days), but not long-term maintenance (up to 35 days), suppressed aging-induced sleep fragmentation. Our study provides meaningful strategies for preventing the deterioration of sleep quality in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyuk Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University Graduate School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Brain Science, Ajou University Medical Center, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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12
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Gao H, Wan X, Xiao B, Yang K, Wang Y, Zhang C, Li P, Liu L, Xia T, Wang A, Zhang S. Impacts of PBDE-47 exposure before, during and after pregnancy on the maternal gut microbiome and its association with host metabolism. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 222:112530. [PMID: 34280840 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Maternal gut microbiota play an important role in the modulation of offspring disease susceptibility and gut microbiota dysbiosis has been proposed as a mechanism through which toxic environmental chemicals exert their adverse impacts on health. The brominated flame retardants polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are developmental toxicants and induce dysbiotic gut microbiota in offspring. Yet, whether and how PBDEs impact the maternal gut microbiota remain unclear. Here, we sought to investigate the effect of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE-47) exposure from preconception through lactation cessation on maternal gut microbiota and its link to host serum metabolic consequences. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were daily exposed to 10 mg/kg PBDE-47 via oral gavage from ten days before conception until offspring were weaned on postnatal day 21, then maternal fecal and blood samples were collected for microbiome and metabolome analyses by using 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. Maternal exposure to PBDE-47 showed a distinct profile in gut microbiota compared to control dams, as evidenced by increased Actinobacteria phylum and genera Blautia, Gemella and Phascolarctobacterium, and decreased genera AF12 and Oscillospira. Additionally, global metabolomics analysis identified 26 differential serum metabolites to distinguish PBDE-47 from controls, which were mainly involved in amino acid, lipid, carbohydrate and energy metabolism, further confirmed by pathway analysis. Importantly, the differential serum metabolites are closely correlated with the disturbed gut microbiota in response to PBDE-47. Collectively, our results suggest that maternal gut microbial dysbiosis may serve as a potential mechanism underlying PBDE-47-elicited health hazards to mothers or even offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Gao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, China
| | - Xueyan Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, China
| | - Boya Xiao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Kaichao Yang
- Immunization Planning Institute, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 105 Nongye South Road, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yafei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health, Wuhan Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, 18 Jianghan North Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Pei Li
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Luming Liu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Xia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Aiguo Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, MOE Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, China.
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13
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Almeida-Oliveira F, Tuthill BF, Gondim KC, Majerowicz D, Musselman LP. dHNF4 regulates lipid homeostasis and oogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 133:103569. [PMID: 33753225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2021.103569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The fly genome contains a single ortholog of the evolutionarily conserved transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 (HNF4), a broadly and constitutively expressed member of the nuclear receptor superfamily. Like its mammalian orthologs, Drosophila HNF4 (dHNF4) acts as a critical regulator of fatty acid and glucose homeostasis. Because of its role in energy storage and catabolism, the insect fat body controls non-autonomous organs including the ovaries, where lipid metabolism is essential for oogenesis. The present paper used dHNF4 overexpression (OE) in the fat bodies and ovaries to investigate its potential roles in lipid homeostasis and oogenesis. When the developing fat body overexpressed dHNF4, animals exhibited reduced size and failed to pupariate, but no changes in body composition were observed. Conditional OE of dHNF4 in the adult fat body produced a reduction in triacylglycerol content and reduced oogenesis. Ovary-specific dHNF4 OE increased oogenesis and egg-laying, but reduced the number of adult offspring. The phenotypic effects on oogenesis that arise upon dHNF4 OE in the fat body or ovary may be due to its function in controlling lipid utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Almeida-Oliveira
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, USA
| | - Bryon F Tuthill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, USA
| | - Katia C Gondim
- Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Brazil
| | - David Majerowicz
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Brazil; Departamento de Biotecnologia Farmacêutica, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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14
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Rani L, Saini S, Shukla N, Chowdhuri DK, Gautam NK. High sucrose diet induces morphological, structural and functional impairments in the renal tubules of Drosophila melanogaster: A model for studying type-2 diabetes mediated renal tubular dysfunction. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 125:103441. [PMID: 32735915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2020.103441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Continuous feeding of high dietary sugar is strongly associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its secondary complications. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major secondary complication that leads to glomerular and renal tubular dysfunction. The present study is aimed to investigate the effects of chronic exposure of high sugar diet (HSD) on renal tubules. Malpighian tubules (MTs), a renal organ of Drosophila, were used as a model in the study. Feeding of HSD develops T2D condition in Drosophila. The MTs showed structural abnormalities in 20 days of HSD fed flies. Impaired insulin signaling, oxidative stress, enhanced levels of AGE-RAGE and induction of apoptosis were observed in the MTs of these flies. Further, altered expression of transporters, enhanced uric acid level and reduced fluid secretion rate confirmed the impaired function of MTs in these flies. RNA-seq and RT-PCR analyses in the MTs of HSD fed-and control-flies revealed the altered expression of candidate genes that regulate several important pathways including extracellular matrix (ECM), advanced glycation end products-receptor for advanced glycation end products (AGE-RAGE), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), galactose, starch and sucrose metabolism that are well known mediators of renal tubular dysfunction in DN patients. Disruption of insulin signaling in the MTs also causes renal tubular dysfunction similar to HSD fed flies. Overall, the study suggests that phenotypes observed in the MTs of HSD fed flies recapitulate several hallmarks of renal tubular dysfunction in DN patients. Therefore, we conclude that MTs of HSD fed flies may be used for deciphering the underlying mechanisms of T2D mediated renal tubular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavi Rani
- Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IITR Campus, Lucknow, India
| | - Sanjay Saini
- Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Molecular and Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226007, India
| | - Neha Shukla
- Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Debapratim Kar Chowdhuri
- Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IITR Campus, Lucknow, India
| | - Naveen Kumar Gautam
- Embryotoxicology Laboratory, Environmental Toxicology Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR-IITR), Vishvigyan Bhavan, 31 Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, 226001, Uttar Pradesh, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-IITR Campus, Lucknow, India; Department of Urology and Renal Transplantation, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226014, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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15
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Schlueter RJ, Al-Akwaa FM, Benny PA, Gurary A, Xie G, Jia W, Chun SJ, Chern I, Garmire LX. Prepregnant Obesity of Mothers in a Multiethnic Cohort Is Associated with Cord Blood Metabolomic Changes in Offspring. J Proteome Res 2020; 19:1361-1374. [PMID: 31975597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.9b00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Maternal obesity has become a growing global health concern that may predispose the offspring to medical conditions later in life. However, the metabolic link between maternal prepregnant obesity and healthy offspring has not yet been fully elucidated. In this study, we conducted a case-control study using a coupled untargeted and targeted metabolomic approach from the newborn cord blood metabolomes associated with a matched maternal prepregnant obesity cohort of 28 cases and 29 controls. The subjects were recruited from multiethnic populations in Hawaii, including rarely reported Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islanders (NHPI). We found that maternal obesity was the most important factor contributing to differences in cord blood metabolomics. Using an elastic net regularization-based logistic regression model, we identified 29 metabolites as potential early-life biomarkers manifesting intrauterine effect of maternal obesity, with accuracy as high as 0.947 after adjusting for clinical confounding (maternal and paternal age, ethnicity, parity, and gravidity). We validated the model results in a subsequent set of samples (N = 30) with an accuracy of 0.822. Among the metabolites, six metabolites (galactonic acid, butenylcarnitine, 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid, phosphatidylcholine diacyl C40:3, 1,5-anhydrosorbitol, and phosphatidylcholine acyl-alkyl 40:3) were individually and significantly different between the maternal obese and normal-weight groups. Interestingly, hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid showed significantly higher levels in cord blood from the NHPI group compared to that from Asian and Caucasian groups. In summary, significant associations were observed between maternal prepregnant obesity and offspring metabolomic alternation at birth, revealing the intergenerational impact of maternal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan J Schlueter
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Hawaii, 1319 Punahou St Ste 824, Honolulu, Hawaii 96826, United States
| | - Fadhl M Al-Akwaa
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, North Campus Research Complex, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, United States
| | - Paula A Benny
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, United States
| | - Alexandra Gurary
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, University of Hawaii, 651 Ilalo Street, Bioscience Building 320, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, United States
| | - Guoxiang Xie
- Metabolomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, United States
| | - Wei Jia
- Metabolomics Shared Resource, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, United States
| | - Shaw J Chun
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Hawaii Cancer Center, 701 Ilalo Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, United States
| | - Ingrid Chern
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Hawaii, 1319 Punahou St Ste 824, Honolulu, Hawaii 96826, United States
| | - Lana X Garmire
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, North Campus Research Complex, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, United States
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16
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Breininger SP, Malcomson FC, Afshar S, Turnbull DM, Greaves L, Mathers JC. Effects of obesity and weight loss on mitochondrial structure and function and implications for colorectal cancer risk. Proc Nutr Soc 2019; 78:426-437. [PMID: 30898183 PMCID: PMC6685789 DOI: 10.1017/s0029665119000533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer globally. CRC risk is increased by obesity, and by its lifestyle determinants notably physical inactivity and poor nutrition. Obesity results in increased inflammation and oxidative stress which cause genomic damage and contribute to mitochondrial dysregulation and CRC risk. The mitochondrial dysfunction associated with obesity includes abnormal mitochondrial size, morphology and reduced autophagy, mitochondrial biogenesis and expression of key mitochondrial regulators. Although there is strong evidence that increased adiposity increases CRC risk, evidence for the effects of intentional weight loss on CRC risk is much more limited. In model systems, energy depletion leads to enhanced mitochondrial integrity, capacity, function and biogenesis but the effects of obesity and weight loss on mitochondria in the human colon are not known. We are using weight loss following bariatric surgery to investigate the effects of altered adiposity on mitochondrial structure and function in human colonocytes. In summary, there is strong and consistent evidence in model systems and more limited evidence in human subjects that over-feeding and/or obesity result in mitochondrial dysfunction and that weight loss might mitigate or reverse some of these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Breininger
- Human Nutrition Research Centre,Newcastle University,Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH,UK
| | - F C Malcomson
- Human Nutrition Research Centre,Newcastle University,Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH,UK
| | - S Afshar
- Human Nutrition Research Centre,Newcastle University,Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH,UK
| | - D M Turnbull
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University,Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH,UK
| | - L Greaves
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University,Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH,UK
| | - J C Mathers
- Human Nutrition Research Centre,Newcastle University,Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH,UK
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17
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Gáliková M, Klepsatel P. Obesity and Aging in the Drosophila Model. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071896. [PMID: 29954158 PMCID: PMC6073435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Being overweight increases the risk of many metabolic disorders, but how it affects lifespan is not completely clear. Not all obese people become ill, and the exact mechanism that turns excessive fat storage into a health-threatening state remains unknown. Drosophila melanogaster has served as an excellent model for many diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and hyperglycemia-associated disorders, such as cardiomyopathy or nephropathy. Here, we review the connections between fat storage and aging in different types of fly obesity. Whereas obesity induced by high-fat or high-sugar diet is associated with hyperglycemia, cardiomyopathy, and in some cases, shortening of lifespan, there are also examples in which obesity correlates with longevity. Transgenic lines with downregulations of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor (IIS) and target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathways, flies reared under dietary restriction, and even certain longevity selection lines are obese, yet long-lived. The mechanisms that underlie the differential lifespans in distinct types of obesity remain to be elucidated, but fat turnover, inflammatory pathways, and dysregulations of glucose metabolism may play key roles. Altogether, Drosophila is an excellent model to study the physiology of adiposity in both health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Gáliková
- Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 18B, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Peter Klepsatel
- Institute of Zoology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 06 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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18
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Abstract
Excess adipose fat accumulation, or obesity, is a growing problem worldwide in terms of both the rate of incidence and the severity of obesity-associated metabolic disease. Adipose tissue evolved in animals as a specialized dynamic lipid storage depot: adipose cells synthesize fat (a process called lipogenesis) when energy is plentiful and mobilize stored fat (a process called lipolysis) when energy is needed. When a disruption of lipid homeostasis favors increased fat synthesis and storage with little turnover owing to genetic predisposition, overnutrition or sedentary living, complications such as diabetes and cardiovascular disease are more likely to arise. The vinegar fly Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae) is used as a model to better understand the mechanisms governing fat metabolism and distribution. Flies offer a wealth of paradigms with which to study the regulation and physiological effects of fat accumulation. Obese flies accumulate triacylglycerols in the fat body, an organ similar to mammalian adipose tissue, which specializes in lipid storage and catabolism. Discoveries in Drosophila have ranged from endocrine hormones that control obesity to subcellular mechanisms that regulate lipogenesis and lipolysis, many of which are evolutionarily conserved. Furthermore, obese flies exhibit pathophysiological complications, including hyperglycemia, reduced longevity and cardiovascular function - similar to those observed in obese humans. Here, we review some of the salient features of the fly that enable researchers to study the contributions of feeding, absorption, distribution and the metabolism of lipids to systemic physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Palanker Musselman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902, USA
| | - Ronald P Kühnlein
- Department of Biochemistry 1, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstraβe 50/II, A-8010 Graz, Austria.,BioTechMed-Graz, Graz, Austria
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19
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Abraham M, Collins CA, Flewelling S, Camazine M, Cahill A, Cade WT, Duncan JG. Mitochondrial inefficiency in infants born to overweight African-American mothers. Int J Obes (Lond) 2018; 42:1306-1316. [PMID: 29568109 PMCID: PMC6054813 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-018-0051-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background Currently 20–35% of pregnant women are obese, posing a major health risk for mother and fetus. It is postulated that an abnormal maternal-fetal nutritional environment leads to adverse metabolic programming, resulting in altered substrate metabolism in the offspring and predisposing to risks of obesity and diabetes later in life. Data indicate that oocytes from overweight animals have abnormal mitochondria. We hypothesized that maternal obesity is associated with altered mitochondrial function in healthy neonatal offspring. Methods Overweight and obese (Body mass index, (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m2, n=14) and lean (BMI < 25 kg/m2, n=8), African American pregnant women carrying male fetuses were recruited from the Barnes Jewish Hospital obstetric clinic. Maternal and infant data were extracted from medical records. Infants underwent body composition testing in the first days of life. Circumcision skin was collected for isolation of fibroblasts. Fibroblast cells were evaluated for mitochondrial function, metabolic gene expression, nutrient uptake and oxidative stress. Results Skin fibroblasts of infants born to overweight mothers had significantly higher mitochondrial respiration without a concurrent increase in ATP production, indicating mitochondrial inefficiency. These fibroblasts had higher levels of reactive oxygen species and evidence of oxidative stress. Evaluation of gene expression in offspring fibroblasts revealed altered expression of multiple genes involved in fatty acid and glucose metabolism and mitochondrial respiration in infants of overweight mothers. Conclusion This study demonstrates altered mitochondrial function and oxidative stress in skin fibroblasts of infants born to overweight mothers. Future studies are needed to determine the long-term impact of this finding on the metabolic health of these children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjusha Abraham
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Christina A Collins
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Scott Flewelling
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Maraya Camazine
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Alison Cahill
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - W Todd Cade
- Department of Physical Therapy, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jennifer G Duncan
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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