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Yang B, Tang G, Wang M, Ni Y, Tong J, Hu C, Zhou M, Jiao K, Li Z. Trimethylamine N-oxide induces non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by activating the PERK. Toxicol Lett 2024; 400:93-103. [PMID: 39153559 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2024.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver disease causing different progressive pathological changes. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a product of gut microbiota metabolism, is a specific agonist of the protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) pathway, one of the endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) pathways. TMAO has been associated with the occurrence and development of NAFLD based on the results of previous studies, but whether the simple consumption of TMAO can directly induce NAFLD and its underlying mechanism remain unclear. To investigate this question, we constructed an animal model in which adult male zebrafish were fed a controlled diet containing 1 % or 3 % TMAO for 20 weeks. Eventually, we observed that TMAO caused lipid accumulation, inflammatory infiltration, liver injury and liver fibrosis in zebrafish livers; meanwhile, the PERK signaling pathway was activated in the zebrafish livers. This finding was further confirmed in HepG2 cells and hepatic stellate cells models. In conclusion, this study found that TMAO directly induced different pathological states of NAFLD in zebrafish liver, and the activation of PERK pathway is an important mechanism, which may provide crucial strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingmo Yang
- Suqian Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Suqian, Jiangsu 223800, China
| | - Guomin Tang
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Mengting Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Yifan Ni
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jiali Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Chunyan Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
| | - Kailin Jiao
- Department of Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710038, China.
| | - Zhong Li
- The Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China.
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Xie S, Deng N, Fang L, Shen J, Tan Z, Cai Y. TMAO is involved in kidney-yang deficiency syndrome diarrhea by mediating the "gut-kidney axis". Heliyon 2024; 10:e35461. [PMID: 39170478 PMCID: PMC11336722 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is a harmful metabolite dependent on the intestinal microbiota and excreted through the kidneys. According to numerous investigations, rich circulation concentrations of TMAO have been linked to kidney and gastrointestinal disorders. Through the "gut-kidney axis" mediated by TMAO, this research attempted to clarify the microbiological causes of kidney-yang deficiency syndrome diarrhea. Methods Adenine and Folium Sennae were used to create a mouse model of kidney-yang deficiency syndrome diarrhea. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to identify the traits of the intestinal mucosal microbiota. ELISA was used to assess TMAO, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3). Kidney tissue fibrosis was evaluated using Masson's trichrome staining, and immunohistochemical labeling was used to investigate the protein expression of occludin and Zonula Occludens-1(ZO-1) in small intestine tissue. Microbial activity was determined by using fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis spectrophotometry. Results TMAO showed a positive correlation with NLRP3, IL-1β and TGF-β1, all of which exhibited substantial increases (P < 0.05). Significant renal fibrosis and decreased ZO-1 and occludin expression in small intestine tissues were detected in the model group. The sequencing results revealed alterations in both α and β diversities of small intestinal mucosal microbiota. Elevated TMAO concentrations were potentially associated with increasing Firmicutes/Bacteroidota (F/B) ratios, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas and unclassified Clostridia UCG 014, but with decreasing Rothia and RB41 abundances. Conclusion This study establishes a link between intestinal microbiota dysbiosis and elevated TMAO concentrations. TMAO can activate inflammatory responses and cytokines, contributing to kidney-yang deficiency syndrome diarrhea via the "gut-kidney axis". Moreover, TMAO may coincide with disruptions in the intestinal barrier and renal fibrosis. Dysfunction of the "gut-kidney axis" further elevates TMAO levels, perpetuating a vicious cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqin Xie
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Na Deng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Leyao Fang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junxi Shen
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhoujin Tan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Cai
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription and Syndromes Translational Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Luo M, Chen P, Tian Y, Rigzin N, Sonam J, Shang F, Tai C, Li T, Sang H. Hif-1α expression targets the TMA/Fmo3/TMAO axis to participate in gallbladder cholesterol stone formation in individuals living in plateau regions. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:167188. [PMID: 38657913 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2024.167188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The incidence of gallbladder cholesterol stones (GCS) increases rapidly among people living in high-altitude hypoxic environments compared to those in normoxic areas. Upregulation of hepatic hypoxia inducible factor 1α (Hif-1α) plays a key role in the formation of GCS. High plasma trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) levels are positively correlated with the occurrence of GCS. We hypothesized that HIF-1α may upregulate TMAO levels by promoting the transcription of flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (Fmo3), which eventually leads to GCS formation. Our study shows that in women, high plasma total cholesterol and apolipoprotein B were positively correlated with cholecystolithiasis and hypoxia. Hif-1α binds to the Fmo3 promoter and promotes Fmo3 expression. Hypoxia and lithogenic diet induce the expression of Hif-1α, Fmo3, TMAO and cholesterol tube transporters in the livers of mice, disturb the proportion of bile and plasma components, and induce the formation of GCS. In cell experiments, silencing Hif-1α downregulates the expression of Fmo3, TMAO and cholesterol tube transporters. In a mouse model of hypoxic cholecystolithiasis, silencing Hif-1α downregulates the expression of related genes, restores the proportion of bile and plasma lipid components, and reduces the formation of GCS. Our study shows that Hif-1α binds to the promoter region of Fmo3 and promotes Fmo3 transcription. Thus, it mediates the transcriptional activation of the TMA/Fmo3/TMAO pathway, upregulates the expression of ATP-binding cassettes (Abc) g5 and g8, and participates in the regulation of the occurrence of GCS in the plateau region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxiao Luo
- Department of General Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of General Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Ye Tian
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Norbu Rigzin
- Department of General Surgery, Naqu People's Hospital of the Tibet Autonomous Region, Naqu, Tibet, PR China
| | - Jigme Sonam
- Department of General Surgery, Naqu People's Hospital of the Tibet Autonomous Region, Naqu, Tibet, PR China
| | - Feihu Shang
- Department of General Surgery, Naqu People's Hospital of the Tibet Autonomous Region, Naqu, Tibet, PR China
| | - Chuang Tai
- Department of General Surgery, Naqu People's Hospital of the Tibet Autonomous Region, Naqu, Tibet, PR China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Haiquan Sang
- Department of General Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China; Department of General Surgery, Naqu People's Hospital of the Tibet Autonomous Region, Naqu, Tibet, PR China.
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Liu S, Li W, Chen J, Li M, Geng Y, Liu Y, Wu W. The footprint of gut microbiota in gallbladder cancer: a mechanistic review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1374238. [PMID: 38774627 PMCID: PMC11106419 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1374238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is the most common malignant tumor of the biliary system with the worst prognosis. Even after radical surgery, the majority of patients with GBC have difficulty achieving a clinical cure. The risk of tumor recurrence remains more than 65%, and the overall 5-year survival rate is less than 5%. The gut microbiota refers to a variety of microorganisms living in the human intestine, including bacteria, viruses and fungi, which profoundly affect the host state of general health, disease and even cancer. Over the past few decades, substantial evidence has supported that gut microbiota plays a critical role in promoting the progression of GBC. In this review, we summarize the functions, molecular mechanisms and recent advances of the intestinal microbiota in GBC. We focus on the driving role of bacteria in pivotal pathways, such as virulence factors, metabolites derived from intestinal bacteria, chronic inflammatory responses and ecological niche remodeling. Additionally, we emphasize the high level of correlation between viruses and fungi, especially EBV and Candida spp., with GBC. In general, this review not only provides a solid theoretical basis for the close relationship between gut microbiota and GBC but also highlights more potential research directions for further research in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Liu
- Joint Program of Nanchang University and Queen Mary University of London, Jiangxi Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Weijian Li
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Maolan Li
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajun Geng
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingbin Liu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenguang Wu
- Department of Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Biliary Tract Disease Research, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Shanghai Cancer Institute, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Center of Biliary Tract Disease, Shanghai, China
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Jin Q, Zhang C, Chen R, Jiang L, Li H, Wu P, Li L. Quinic acid regulated TMA/TMAO-related lipid metabolism and vascular endothelial function through gut microbiota to inhibit atherosclerotic. J Transl Med 2024; 22:352. [PMID: 38622667 PMCID: PMC11017595 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05120-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quinic acid (QA) and its derivatives have good lipid-lowering and hepatoprotective functions, but their role in atherosclerosis remains unknown. This study attempted to investigate the mechanism of QA on atherogenesis in Apoe-/- mice induced by HFD. METHODS HE staining and oil red O staining were used to observe the pathology. The PCSK9, Mac-3 and SM22a expressions were detected by IHC. Cholesterol, HMGB1, TIMP-1 and CXCL13 levels were measured by biochemical and ELISA. Lipid metabolism and the HMGB1-SREBP2-SR-BI pathway were detected by PCR and WB. 16 S and metabolomics were used to detect gut microbiota and serum metabolites. RESULTS QA or low-frequency ABX inhibited weight gain and aortic tissue atherogenesis in HFD-induced Apoe-/- mice. QA inhibited the increase of cholesterol, TMA, TMAO, CXCL13, TIMP-1 and HMGB1 levels in peripheral blood of Apoe-/- mice induced by HFD. Meanwhile, QA or low-frequency ABX treatment inhibited the expression of CAV-1, ABCA1, Mac-3 and SM22α, and promoted the expression of SREBP-1 and LXR in the vascular tissues of HFD-induced Apoe-/- mice. QA reduced Streptococcus_danieliae abundance, and promoted Lactobacillus_intestinalis and Ileibacterium_valens abundance in HFD-induced Apoe-/- mice. QA altered serum galactose metabolism, promoted SREBP-2 and LDLR, inhibited IDOL, FMO3 and PCSK9 expression in liver of HFD-induced Apoe-/- mice. The combined treatment of QA and low-frequency ABX regulated microbe-related Glycoursodeoxycholic acid and GLYCOCHENODEOXYCHOLATE metabolism in HFD-induced Apoe-/- mice. QA inhibited TMAO or LDL-induced HCAECs damage and HMGB1/SREBP2 axis dysfunction, which was reversed by HMGB1 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS QA regulated the gut-liver lipid metabolism and chronic vascular inflammation of TMA/TMAO through gut microbiota to inhibit the atherogenesis in Apoe-/- mice, and the mechanism may be related to the HMGB1/SREBP2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Jin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, The Changsha central Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, China
| | - Chiyuan Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, The Changsha central Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Luping Jiang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, The Changsha central Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Hongli Li
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410000, China
| | - Pengcui Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, The Changsha central Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China.
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, The Changsha central Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China.
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Rodrigues SG, van der Merwe S, Krag A, Wiest R. Gut-liver axis: Pathophysiological concepts and medical perspective in chronic liver diseases. Semin Immunol 2024; 71:101859. [PMID: 38219459 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2023.101859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Susana G Rodrigues
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Schalk van der Merwe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University hospital Gasthuisberg, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Aleksander Krag
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Centre for Liver Research, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Reiner Wiest
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland.
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Hu X, Binxu Q, Shao GZ, Huang Y, Qiu W. Gut microbiota, circulating metabolites, and gallstone disease: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1336673. [PMID: 38333586 PMCID: PMC10850572 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1336673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The link between Gut microbiota (GM) and Gallstone disease (GSD) is well established, but it is not clear whether there is a causal relationship between the two associations. Methods We conducted bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses, leveraging aggregated data from the Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) of GM and Circulating Metabolites. Our primary objective was to investigate the causal interplay between intestinal flora and GSD. Additionally, we performed mediational analyses, two-step MR, and multivariate MR to uncover the potential mediating effect of circulating metabolites in this relationship. Result Our study has revealed a causal relationship between GSD and six distinct bacterial groups. Genetically predicted Class Bacilli (Odds Ratio (OR): 0.901, 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI): 0.825-0.985; p = 0.021), Order Lactobacillales (OR: 0.895, 95% CI: 0.816-0.981; p = 0.017), and Genus Coprococcus 2 (OR: 0.884, 95% CI: 0.804-0.973; p = 0.011) were inversely associated with the risk of GSD. Conversely, the Genus Clostridiumsensustricto1 (OR: 1.158, 95% CI: 1.029-1.303; p = 0.015), Genus Coprococcus3 (OR: 1.166, 95% CI: 1.024-1.327; p = 0.020), and Genus Peptococcus (OR: 1.070, 95% CI: 1.017-1.125; p = 0.009) were positively associated with the risk of GSD. Moreover, our findings suggest that the positive influence of the Genus Peptococcus on GSD may be mediated through Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). Conclusion This study reinforces the connection between the gut microbiome and the risk of GSD while also unveiling the mediating role of Omega-3 PUFA in the causal relationship between these factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xutao Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Qiu Binxu
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guang-zhao Shao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Huang PH, Chen DQ, Chen YW, Shih MK, Lee BH, Tain YL, Hsieh CW, Hou CY. Evaluation of the Feasibility of In Vitro Metabolic Interruption of Trimethylamine with Resveratrol Butyrate Esters and Its Purified Monomers. Molecules 2024; 29:429. [PMID: 38257342 PMCID: PMC10820948 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV), obtained from dietary sources, has been shown to reduce trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) levels in humans, and much research indicates that TMAO is recognized as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of RSV and RSV-butyrate esters (RBE) on the proliferation of co-cultured bacteria and HepG2 cell lines, respectively, and also investigated the changes in trimethylamine (TMA) and TMOA content in the medium and flavin-containing monooxygenase-3 (FMO3) gene expression. This study revealed that 50 µg/mL of RBE could increase the population percentage of Bifidobacterium longum at a rate of 53%, while the rate was 48% for Clostridium asparagiforme. In contrast, co-cultivation of the two bacterial strains effectively reduced TMA levels from 561 ppm to 449 ppm. In addition, regarding TMA-induced HepG2 cell lines, treatment with 50 μM each of RBE, 3,4'-di-O-butanoylresveratrol (ED2), and 3-O-butanoylresveratrol (ED4) significantly reduced FMO3 gene expression from 2.13 to 0.40-1.40, which would also contribute to the reduction of TMAO content. This study demonstrated the potential of RBE, ED2, and ED4 for regulating TMA metabolism in microbial co-cultures and cell line cultures, which also suggests that the resveratrol derivative might be a daily dietary supplement that will be beneficial for health promotion in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Hsiu Huang
- School of Food, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, No. 4, Meicheng Road, Higher Education Park, Huai’an 223003, China;
| | - De-Quan Chen
- Department of Seafood Science, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung, University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan;
| | - Yu-Wei Chen
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (C.-W.H.)
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Kuei Shih
- Graduate Institute of Food Culture and Innovation, National Kaohsiung University of Hospitality and Tourism, Kaohsiung 812301, Taiwan;
| | - Bao-Hong Lee
- Department of Horticulture, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 60004, Taiwan;
| | - You-Lin Tain
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan;
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Wei Hsieh
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 40227, Taiwan; (Y.-W.C.); (C.-W.H.)
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yao Hou
- Department of Seafood Science, College of Hydrosphere, National Kaohsiung, University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan;
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Nishiwaki R, Imoto I, Oka S, Yasuma T, Fujimoto H, D'Alessandro-Gabazza CN, Toda M, Kobayashi T, Osamu H, Fujibe K, Nishikawa K, Hamaguchi T, Sugimasa N, Noji M, Ito Y, Takeuchi K, Cann I, Inoue Y, Kato T, Gabazza EC. Elevated plasma and bile levels of corisin, a microbiota-derived proapoptotic peptide, in patients with severe acute cholangitis. Gut Pathog 2023; 15:59. [PMID: 38037145 PMCID: PMC10688013 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-023-00587-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute cholangitis is a severe, life-threatening infection of the biliary system that requires early diagnosis and treatment. The Tokyo Guidelines recommend a combination of clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings for diagnosis and severity assessment, but there are still challenges in identifying severe cases that need immediate intervention. The microbiota and its derived products have been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute cholangitis. Corisin is a microbiome-derived peptide that induces cell apoptosis, acute tissue injury, and inflammation. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of plasma and bile corisin as a biomarker of acute cholangitis. METHODS Forty patients with acute cholangitis associated with choledocholithiasis or malignant disease were enrolled. Nine patients without acute cholangitis were used as controls. Corisin was measured by enzyme immunoassays in plasma and bile samples. Patients were classified into severe and non-severe groups. The associations of plasma and bile corisin with the clinical grade of acute cholangitis and other parameters were analyzed by univariate and multivariate regression analysis. RESULTS Plasma and bile corisin levels were significantly higher in patients with acute cholangitis than in controls. Patients with severe acute cholangitis had significantly higher plasma and bile corisin levels than those with non-severe form of the disease. Bile corisin level was significantly correlated with markers of inflammation, coagulation, fibrinolysis, and renal function. Univariate analysis revealed a significant association of bile corisin but a weak association of plasma corisin with the clinical grade of acute cholangitis. In contrast, multivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between plasma corisin level and the disease clinical grade. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed low sensitivity but high specificity for plasma and bile corisin to detect the severity of acute cholangitis. The plasma and bile corisin sensitivity was increased when serum C-reactive protein level was included in the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these findings suggest that plasma and bile corisin levels may be useful biomarkers for diagnosing and monitoring acute cholangitis and that corisin may play a role in the pathophysiology of the disease by modulating inflammatory, coagulation and renal pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Nishiwaki
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Doshinkai Tohyama Hospital, Minamishinmachi 17-22, Tsu, Mie, 514-0043, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Doshinkai Tohyama Hospital, Minamishinmachi 17-22, Tsu, Mie, 514-0043, Japan
| | - Ichiro Imoto
- Digestive Endoscopy Center, Doshinkai Tohyama Hospital, Minamishinmachi 17-22, Tsu, Mie, 514-0043, Japan
| | - Satoko Oka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Doshinkai Tohyama Hospital, Minamishinmachi 17-22, Tsu, Mie, 514-0043, Japan
| | - Taro Yasuma
- Microbiome Research Center, Mie University, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Hospital, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Hajime Fujimoto
- Microbiome Research Center, Mie University, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Hospital, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Corina N D'Alessandro-Gabazza
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology (Microbiome Metabolic Engineering), University of IL at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Hospital, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Masaaki Toda
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Hospital, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Tetsu Kobayashi
- Microbiome Research Center, Mie University, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Hospital, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Hataji Osamu
- Respiratory Center, Matsusaka Municipal Hospital, Tonomachi1550, Matsusaka, Mie, 515-8544, Japan
| | - Kodai Fujibe
- Department of Gastroenterology, Matsusaka Municipal Hospital, Tonomachi1550, Matsusaka, Mie, 515-8544, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Nishikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Matsusaka Municipal Hospital, Tonomachi1550, Matsusaka, Mie, 515-8544, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Hamaguchi
- Department of Surgery, Doshinkai Tohyama Hospital, Minamishinmachi 17-22, Tsu, Mie, 514-0043, Japan
| | - Natsuko Sugimasa
- Department of Surgery, Doshinkai Tohyama Hospital, Minamishinmachi 17-22, Tsu, Mie, 514-0043, Japan
| | - Midori Noji
- Department of Surgery, Doshinkai Tohyama Hospital, Minamishinmachi 17-22, Tsu, Mie, 514-0043, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Ito
- Department of Surgery, Doshinkai Tohyama Hospital, Minamishinmachi 17-22, Tsu, Mie, 514-0043, Japan
| | - Kenji Takeuchi
- Department of Surgery, Doshinkai Tohyama Hospital, Minamishinmachi 17-22, Tsu, Mie, 514-0043, Japan
| | - Isaac Cann
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology (Microbiome Metabolic Engineering), University of IL at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Microbiology, The University of IL at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Animal Science, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Yasuhiro Inoue
- Department of Surgery, Doshinkai Tohyama Hospital, Minamishinmachi 17-22, Tsu, Mie, 514-0043, Japan
| | - Toshio Kato
- Department of Surgery, Doshinkai Tohyama Hospital, Minamishinmachi 17-22, Tsu, Mie, 514-0043, Japan
| | - Esteban C Gabazza
- Microbiome Research Center, Mie University, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology (Microbiome Metabolic Engineering), University of IL at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
- Department of Immunology, Mie University Faculty and Graduate School of Medicine, Mie University Hospital, Edobashi 2-174, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.
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10
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Huang X, Yang Y, Li X, Zhu X, Lin D, Ma Y, Zhou M, Cui X, Zhang B, Dang D, Lü Y, Yue C. The gut microbiota: A new perspective for tertiary prevention of hepatobiliary and gallbladder diseases. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1089909. [PMID: 36814514 PMCID: PMC9940272 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1089909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a complex ecosystem that has coevolved with the human body for hundreds of millions of years. In the past 30 years, with the progress of gene sequencing and omics technology, the research related to gut microbiota has developed rapidly especially in the field of digestive system diseases and systemic metabolic diseases. Mechanical, biological, immune, and other factors make the intestinal flora form a close bidirectional connection with the liver and gallbladder, which can be called the "gut-liver-biliary axis." Liver and gallbladder, as internal organs of the peritoneum, suffer from insidious onset, which are not easy to detect. The diagnosis is often made through laboratory chemical tests and imaging methods, and intervention measures are usually taken only when organic lesions have occurred. At this time, some people may have entered the irreversible stage of disease development. We reviewed the literature describing the role of intestinal flora in the pathogenesis and biotherapy of hepatobiliary diseases in the past 3-5 years, including the dynamic changes of intestinal flora at different stages of the disease, as well as the signaling pathways involved in intestinal flora and its metabolites, etc. After summarizing the above contents, we hope to highlight the potential of intestinal flora as a new clinical target for early prevention, early diagnosis, timely treatment and prognosis of hepatobiliary diseases. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Huang
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xueli Li
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chemical Reaction Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoya Zhu
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Lin
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yueran Ma
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiangyi Cui
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bingyu Zhang
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongmei Dang
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China,*Correspondence: Changwu Yue, ; Yuhong Lü, ; Dongmei Dang,
| | - Yuhong Lü
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China,*Correspondence: Changwu Yue, ; Yuhong Lü, ; Dongmei Dang,
| | - Changwu Yue
- Yan’an Key Laboratory of Microbial Drug Innovation and Transformation, School of Basic Medicine, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China,*Correspondence: Changwu Yue, ; Yuhong Lü, ; Dongmei Dang,
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11
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Choline and trimethylamine N-oxide impair metabolic activation of and platelet response to clopidogrel through activation of the NOX/ROS/Nrf2/CES1 pathway. JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS : JTH 2023; 21:117-132. [PMID: 36695375 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2022.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbe-generated metabolite, elicits thrombotic events by enhancing platelet reactivity; however, no studies have reported the effects of TMAO on the metabolism of and response to clopidogrel. OBJECTIVES To determine whether choline and TMAO could significantly impair metabolic activation of and platelet response to clopidogrel in choline- or TMAO-fed mice and the mechanisms involved. METHODS Male mice were fed with vehicle control (Ctrl), TMAO, choline alone or in combination with 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, or ML385 for 14 days and then treated with Ctrl or a single oral dose of clopidogrel. Plasma TMAO, protein levels of clopidogrel-metabolizing enzymes in the liver, plasma concentrations of clopidogrel and its metabolites, and adenosine diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation and activation were measured. In addition, HepG2 cells were treated with Ctrl or TMAO alone or in combination with N-acetyl-L-cysteine, ML385, or apocynin, and CES1, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and Nrf2 protein levels were measured, respectively. RESULTS TMAO significantly increased Ces1 protein expression and activity and clopidogrel hydrolysis in the liver as well as intracellular ROS and CES1 levels and Nrf2 nucleus translocation in HepG2 cells but decreased the formation of clopidogrel active metabolite and impaired platelet response to clopidogrel. Furthermore, concomitant use of 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, or ML385 effectively reversed choline- or TMAO-induced impairment of inhibition of platelet aggregation by clopidogrel in mice, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Choline and TMAO impair the metabolic activation of and platelet response to clopidogrel through the activation of the NOX-dependent ROS/Nrf2/CES1 pathway, suggesting novel strategies for overcoming clopidogrel resistance from bench to bedside.
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12
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Liu M, Shi W, Huang Y, Wu Y, Wu K. Intestinal flora: A new target for traditional Chinese medicine to improve lipid metabolism disorders. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1134430. [PMID: 36937840 PMCID: PMC10014879 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1134430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism disorders (LMD) can cause a series of metabolic diseases, including hyperlipidemia, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and atherosclerosis (AS). Its development is caused by more pathogenic factors, among which intestinal flora dysbiosis is considered to be an important pathogenic mechanism of LMD. In recent years, the research on intestinal flora has made great progress, opening up new perspectives on the occurrence and therapeutic effects of diseases. With its complex composition and wide range of targets, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is widely used to prevent and treat LMD. This review takes intestinal flora as a target, elaborates on the scientific connotation of TCM in the treatment of LMD, updates the therapeutic thinking of LMD, and provides a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yefang Huang
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yeke Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Keming Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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13
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Hu J, Tang J, Zhang X, Yang K, Zhong A, Yang Q, Liu Y, Li Y, Zhang T. Landscape in the gallbladder mycobiome and bacteriome of patients undergoing cholelithiasis with chronic cholecystitis. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1131694. [PMID: 37032855 PMCID: PMC10073429 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1131694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallstone disease (GSD) is associated with changes in the gut and gallbladder bacterial composition, but there is limited information on the role of the fungal community (mycobiome) in disease development. This study aimed to characterize the gallbladder mycobiome profiles and their interactions with bacteriome in GSD. A total of 136 bile and gallstone samples (34 paired for bacteriome, and 33 paired and extra 2 bile samples for mycobiome) were obtained from calculi patients with chronic cholecystitis. Bile and gallstone bacteriome and mycobiome were profiled by 16S and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA gene sequencing, respectively. Gallbladder bacteriome, mycobiome, and interkingdom and intrakingdom interactions were compared between bile and gallstone. In general, microbial diversity was higher in bile than in gallstone, and distinct microbial community structures were observed among them. Deep Sea Euryarchaeotic Group, Rhodobacteraceae, and Rhodobacterales were microbial biomarkers of bile, while Clostridiales and Eubacterium coprostanoligenes were biomarkers of gallstone. Five fungal taxa, including Colletotrichum, Colletotrichum sublineola, and Epicoccum, were enriched in gallstone. Further ecologic analyses revealed that intensive transkingdom correlations between fungi and bacteria and intrakingdom correlations within them observed in gallstone were significantly decreased in bile. Large and complex fungal communities inhabit the gallbladder of patients with GSD. Gallstone, compared with bile, is characterized by significantly altered bacterial taxonomic composition and strengthened bacterial-bacterial, fungal-fungal, and bacterial-fungal correlations in the gallbladder of patients with GSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqing Hu
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- The Center for Obesity and Metabolic Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- Medical Research Center, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jichao Tang
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- The Center for Obesity and Metabolic Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- General Surgery Day Ward, Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinpeng Zhang
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- The Center for Obesity and Metabolic Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- General Surgery Day Ward, Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kaijin Yang
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- The Center for Obesity and Metabolic Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- General Surgery Day Ward, Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ayan Zhong
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- The Center for Obesity and Metabolic Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- General Surgery Day Ward, Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- The Center for Obesity and Metabolic Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- Section for Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- The Center for Obesity and Metabolic Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Yanjun Liu,
| | - Yi Li
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- The Center for Obesity and Metabolic Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- General Surgery Day Ward, Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- Yi Li,
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- The Center for Obesity and Metabolic Health, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- Medical Research Center, The Third People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu, Chongqing Medical University, Chengdu, China
- Tongtong Zhang,
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14
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High dietary methionine intake may contribute to the risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by inhibiting hepatic H2S production. Food Res Int 2022; 158:111507. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
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15
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Dong F, Jiang S, Tang C, Wang X, Ren X, Wei Q, Tian J, Hu W, Guo J, Fu X, Liu L, Patzak A, Persson PB, Gao F, Lai EY, Zhao L. Trimethylamine N-oxide promotes hyperoxaluria-induced calcium oxalate deposition and kidney injury by activating autophagy. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 179:288-300. [PMID: 34767921 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Calcium oxalate (CaOx) is the most common component of kidney stones. Oxidative stress, inflammation and autophagy-induced cell death are the major causes of CaOx crystal deposition and CaOx crystal deposition can further lead to kidney injury. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiota-derived metabolite, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as atherosclerosis, diabetes and chronic kidney disease, but the effect of TMAO on hyperoxaluria-induced CaOx crystal deposition and kidney injury remains unknown. We hypothesize that TMAO aggravates CaOx crystal deposition via promoting CaOx-mediated cell death. C57Bl/6 mice were given high-oxalate diet as a model of hyperoxaluria. TMAO was provided via drinking water. Serum TMAO levels increased 15 days after CaOx treatment (6.30 ± 0.17 μmol/L vs. 34.65 ± 8.95 μmol/L). High-oxalate diet induced inflammation, CaOx deposition and kidney injury, which TMAO aggravated. In accordance, TMAO intensified high-oxalate diet induced oxidative stress, autophagy and apoptosis. Moreover, TMAO enhanced CaOx crystal adhesion to HK-2 cells and reduced cell viability (from 88.9 ± 1.6% to 75.0 ± 2.7%). Protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK) may mediate these TMAO effects, as TMAO promoted PERK phosphorylation. Consistently, PERK knockdown alleviated TMAO-evoked CaOx-autophagy, apoptosis and oxidative stress in HK-2 cells. In conclusion, TMAO can aggravate hyperoxaluria-induced kidney injury by triggering the PERK/ROS pathway, which enhances autophagy, apoptosis and inflammation, and facilitates CaOx crystal deposition in renal tubular cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Dong
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Kidney Disease Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chun Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaohua Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoqiu Ren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Qichun Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Jiong Tian
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Kidney Disease Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Weipeng Hu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Kidney Disease Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jie Guo
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Kidney Disease Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xiaodong Fu
- Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Vascular Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Linlin Liu
- Durbrain Medical Laboratory, Hangzhou, 310000, China
| | - Andreas Patzak
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Pontus B Persson
- Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany
| | - Fei Gao
- Durbrain Medical Laboratory, Hangzhou, 310000, China.
| | - En Yin Lai
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Kidney Disease Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany.
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Kidney Disease Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Department of Nephrology, Center of Kidney and Urology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China; Institute of Vegetative Physiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, 10117, Germany.
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16
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Han S, Zhang XL, Jiang X, Li X, Ding J, Zuo LJ, Duan SS, Chen R, Sun BB, Hu XY, Gao YN, Zhang XL. Long Non-Coding RNA and mRNA Expression Analysis in Liver of Mice With Clonorchis sinensis Infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:754224. [PMID: 35127549 PMCID: PMC8807509 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.754224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clonorchiasis is recognized as an important zoonotic parasitic disease worldwide. However, the roles of host long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in the response to Clonorchis sinensis (C. sinensis) infection remain unknown. Here we compared the expression of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the liver tissue of mice infected with C. sinensis, in order to further understand the molecular mechanisms of clonorchiasis. A total of 388 lncRNAs and 1,172 mRNAs were found to be differentially expressed with absolute value of fold change (FC) ≥ 2.0 and p < 0.05 by microarray. Compared with controls, Gm6135 and 4930581F22Rik were the most over- and under-expressed lncRNAs; flavin-containing monooxygenase 3 (Fmo3) and deleted in malignant brain tumors 1 (Dmbt1) were the most over- and under-expressed mRNAs. Moreover, functional annotation showed that the significantly different mRNAs were related with “FOXO signaling pathway”, “Wnt signaling pathway”, and “AMPK signaling pathway”. Remarkably, lncRNA Gm8801 were significantly correlated with mRNA glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase mitochondrial (Gpam), insulin receptor substrate 2 (Irs2), and tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 19 (Tnfrsf19) in ceRNA networks. These results showed that the expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in the liver changed after C. sinensis infection. Our results provided valuable insights into the lncRNAs and mRNAs involved in clonorchiasis pathogenesis, which may be useful for future control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Han
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xue-Li Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xu Jiang
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Jian Ding
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Li-Jiao Zuo
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shan-Shan Duan
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Bei-Bei Sun
- Clinical Laboratory, Zhuhai Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xin-Yi Hu
- Department of Stomatology, Laixi People’s Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan-Nan Gao
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhang
- Department of Parasitology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-Li Zhang,
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17
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Ye S, Yousuf A, McVey D. Relationship between red meat metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide and cardiovascular disease. HEART AND MIND 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/hm.hm_8_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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18
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Liu A, Zhang Y, Xun S, Sun M. Trimethylamine N-oxide promotes atherosclerosis via regulating the enriched abundant transcript 1/miR-370-3p/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3/flavin-containing monooxygenase-3 axis. Bioengineered 2021; 13:1541-1553. [PMID: 34923910 PMCID: PMC8805905 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2010312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is one of the main causes of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) exacerbates the development of AS. This study aimed to investigate the roles of TMAO in AS. In this study, mice were fed with high fat food (HF) and/or injected with TMAO. Oil red O staining was applied for histological analysis. ELISA, qRT-PCR, and Western blot were conducted to determine the TMAO, serum, mRNA, and protein levels. CCK-8, colony formation assay, and flow cytometry assays were performed to detect the functions of human aortic endothelial cells (HUVECs). The results showed that TMAO induced thick internal and external walls and intimal plaques in vivo, and HUVEC dysfunction in vitro. TMAO and lncRNA enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) were increased in AS clinical samples and TMAO-HUVECs. Downregulated NEAT1 inhibited proliferation and promoted the apoptosis of HUVECs. NEAT1 regulated the expression of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) via sponging miR-370-3p. Overexpression of miR-370-3p facilitated the effects of NEAT1 on the cellular functions of HUVECs, while STAT3 exerted opposing effects. The activation of STAT3 promoted the expression of flavin-containing monooxygenase-3 (FMO3). Taken together, our results show that TMAO-NEAT1/miR-370-3p/STAT3/FMO3 forms a positive feedback loop to exacerbate the development of AS. This novel feedback loop may be a promising therapeutic target for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aijun Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Binhai People's Hospital, Jiangsu 224500, China
| | - Yonglin Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Binhai People's Hospital, Jiangsu 224500, China
| | - Shucan Xun
- Department of Cardiology, Binhai People's Hospital, Jiangsu 224500, China
| | - Minli Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Binhai People's Hospital, Jiangsu 224500, China
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19
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Zhang S, Hong F, Ma C, Yang S. Hepatic Lipid Metabolism Disorder and Atherosclerosis. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 22:590-600. [PMID: 34931971 DOI: 10.2174/1871530322666211220110810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Lipid metabolism disorder plays a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. As the largest metabolic organ of the human body, liver has a key role in lipid metabolism by influencing fat production, fat decomposition, and the intake and secretion of serum lipoproteins. Numerous clinical and experimental studies have indicated that the dysfunction of hepatic lipid metabolism is closely tied to the onset of atherosclerosis. However, the identity and functional role of hepatic lipid metabolism responsible for these associations remain unknown. This review presented that cholesterol synthesis, cholesterol transport, and the metabolism of triglyceride, lipoproteins, and fatty acids are all associated with hepatic lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis. Moreover, we also discussed the roles of gut microbiota, inflammatory response, and oxidative stress in the pathological association between hepatic lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis. These significant evidences support strongly that hepatic lipid metabolism disorders may increase the risk of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Zhang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fenfang Hong
- Experimental Center of Pathogen Biology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Chen Ma
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Shulong Yang
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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20
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Park JW, Park IH, Kim JM, Noh JH, Kim KA, Park JY. Rapid detection of FMO3 single nucleotide polymorphisms using a pyrosequencing method. Mol Med Rep 2021; 25:48. [PMID: 34913068 PMCID: PMC8674696 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop a reliable pyrosequencing method to detect four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the flavin‑containing monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) gene and to compare the ethnic differences in their allelic frequencies. The pyrosequencing method was used to detect four FMO3 SNPs, namely, c.855C>T (N285N, rs909530), c.441C>T (S147S, rs1800822), c.923A>G (E308G, rs2266780) and c.472G>A (E158K, rs2266782). The allelic frequencies of these SNPs in 122 unrelated Korean subjects were as follows: i) 44.7% for c.855C>T; ii) 23.4% for c.441C>T; iii) 23.0% for c.923A>G; and iv) 27.1% for c.472G>A. Linkage disequilibrium (LD) analysis revealed that the SNPs c.923A>G and c.472G>A exhibited a strong LD (D'=0.8289, r2=0.5332). In conclusion, the pyrosequencing method developed in this study was successfully applied to detect the c.855C>T, c.441C>T, c.923A>G and c.472G>A SNPs of FMO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Woo Park
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Hwan Park
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Min Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Noh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Ah Kim
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Park
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Anam Hospital, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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21
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Chen Y, Wang M. New Insights of Anti-Hyperglycemic Agents and Traditional Chinese Medicine on Gut Microbiota in Type 2 Diabetes. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:4849-4863. [PMID: 34876807 PMCID: PMC8643148 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s334325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a widespread metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia. Human microbiota, which is regarded as a “hidden organ”, plays an important role in the initiation and development of T2DM. In addition, anti-hyperglycemic agents and traditional Chinese medicine may affect the composition of gut microbiota and consequently improve glucose metabolism. However, the relationship between gut microbiota, T2DM and anti-hyperglycemic agents or traditional Chinese medicine is poorly understood. In this review, we summarized pre-clinical and clinical studies to elucidate the possible underlying mechanism. Some anti-hyperglycemic agents and traditional Chinese medicine may partly exert hypoglycemic effects by altering the gut microbiota composition in ways that reduce metabolic endotoxemia, maintain the integrity of intestinal mucosal barrier, promote the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), decrease trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and regulate bile acid metabolism. In conclusion, gut microbiota may provide some new therapeutic targets for treatment of patients with diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxia Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People's Republic of China
| | - Mian Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People's Republic of China
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22
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Liang J, Shao W, Liu Q, Lu Q, Gu A, Jiang Z. Single Cell RNA-Sequencing Reveals a Murine Gallbladder Cell Transcriptome Atlas During the Process of Cholesterol Gallstone Formation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:714271. [PMID: 34650971 PMCID: PMC8505819 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.714271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallstone disease is a worldwide common disease. However, the knowledge concerning the gallbladder in the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstone formation remains limited. In this study, using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to obtain the transcriptome of gallbladder cells, we showed cellular heterogeneity and transcriptomic dynamics in murine gallbladder cells during the process of lithogenesis. Our results indicated gallbladder walls were subjected to remodeling during the process of lithogenesis. The major molecular events that happened included proliferation of epithelial cells, infiltration of immune-cells, activation of angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix modulation. Furthermore, we observed partial reversal of gallbladder cell transcriptomes by ursodeoxycholic acid treatment. This work thus provides novel and integral knowledges on the cellular changes during lithogenesis, which is of great significance to the understanding of pathogenesis and treatment of cholesterol gallstone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjia Liang
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institution of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wentao Shao
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institution of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,School of Instrument Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qifan Lu
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institution of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aihua Gu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaoyan Jiang
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institution of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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23
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Ye X, Shen S, Xu Z, Zhuang Q, Xu J, Wang J, Dong Z, Wan X. Sodium butyrate alleviates cholesterol gallstones by regulating bile acid metabolism. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 908:174341. [PMID: 34273384 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cholesterol overloading and bile acid metabolic disorders play an important role in the onset of cholesterol gallstone (CGS). Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) can regulate bile acid metabolism by modulating the gut microbiota. However, the role and mechanism by which sodium butyrate (NaB) targets bile acids to attenuate CGS are still unknown. In this study, continuous administration of 12 mg/day for 8 weeks was decreased the incidence of gallstones induced by lithogenic diet (LD) from 100% to 25%. NaB modulated SCFAs and improved the gut microbiota. The remodeling of the gut microbiota changed the bile acid compositions and decreased cecal tauro-α-muricholic acid (T-α-MCA) and tauro-β-muricholic acid (T-β-MCA) which are effective farnesoid X receptor (FXR) antagonists. The quantitative real-time PCR examination showed that NaB significantly increased levels of ileal Fxr, fibroblast growth factor-15 (Fgf-15) and small heterodimer partner (Shp) mRNA and subsequently inhibited bile acid synthesis. In addition, NaB enhanced bile acid excretion by increasing the levels of hepatic multidrug resistance protein 2 (Mdr2) and bile salt export pump (Bsep) mRNA, and it enhanced bile acid reabsorption in the intestine by increasing the levels of ileal bile acid transporter (Ibat) mRNA. In addition, NaB reduced the absorption of cholesterol in the intestine and inhibited the excretion of cholesterol in the liver, which reduced the cholesterol concentration in serum and bile. Furthermore, the protective effects of NaB administration were abolished by FXR antagonists. Taken together, our results suggest that NaB mitigates CGS by modulating the gut microbiota to regulate the FXR-FGF-15/SHP signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Ye
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Digestive Endoscopic Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, China
| | - Shuang Shen
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengjie Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Zhuang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Digestive Endoscopic Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, China
| | - Jingxian Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Institute of Pancreatic Disease, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhixia Dong
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Digestive Endoscopic Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, China.
| | - Xinjian Wan
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Digestive Endoscopic Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, China.
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24
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Chen Y, Wang Q, Gao W, Ma B, Xue D, Hao C. Changes and Correlations of the Intestinal Flora and Liver Metabolite Profiles in Mice With Gallstones. Front Physiol 2021; 12:716654. [PMID: 34489732 PMCID: PMC8416897 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.716654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is increasing appreciation for the roles of the gut-liver axis in liver and gall diseases. Specific gut microbes are associated with susceptibility to gallstone diseases, while the relationship between intestinal flora and liver metabolism in the formation of gallstones remains unclear. In this study, an experimental group of model mice was given a lithogenic diet, and a control group was given a normal diet. Both groups were fed for 8 weeks. Integrating 16S rRNA gene sequencing and non-targeted metabolomics to explore the impact of the lithogenic diet on intestinal flora and liver metabolism, Spearman correlation analysis reveals the network of relationships between the intestine and liver. Our findings showed that the gut microbiome and liver metabolome compositions of the test group were significantly changed compared with those of the normal group. Through our research, biomarkers of gallstones were identified at the phylum (5), class (5), order (5), family (7), and genus levels. We predicted the function of the differential flora. We analyzed the liver metabolism of mice with gallstones paired with their flora, and the results showed that there were 138 different metabolites between the two groups. The metabolic pathways enriched by these differential metabolites are highly consistent with the functions of the disordered flora. We focused on an analysis of the relationship between deoxycholic acid, asymmetric dimethylarginine, glucosamine, tauroursodeoxycholic acid, and the disordered flora. This provides a basis for the establishment of the intestine-liver axis in gallstone disease. This research provides a theoretical basis for the research and development of probiotics and prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of General Surgery, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wenqi Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Biao Ma
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dongbo Xue
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chenjun Hao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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25
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Krueger ES, Lloyd TS, Tessem JS. The Accumulation and Molecular Effects of Trimethylamine N-Oxide on Metabolic Tissues: It's Not All Bad. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082873. [PMID: 34445033 PMCID: PMC8400152 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since elevated serum levels of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) were first associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), TMAO research among chronic diseases has grown exponentially. We now know that serum TMAO accumulation begins with dietary choline metabolism across the microbiome-liver-kidney axis, which is typically dysregulated during pathogenesis. While CVD research links TMAO to atherosclerotic mechanisms in vascular tissue, its molecular effects on metabolic tissues are unclear. Here we report the current standing of TMAO research in metabolic disease contexts across relevant tissues including the liver, kidney, brain, adipose, and muscle. Since poor blood glucose management is a hallmark of metabolic diseases, we also explore the variable TMAO effects on insulin resistance and insulin production. Among metabolic tissues, hepatic TMAO research is the most common, whereas its effects on other tissues including the insulin producing pancreatic β-cells are largely unexplored. Studies on diseases including obesity, diabetes, liver diseases, chronic kidney disease, and cognitive diseases reveal that TMAO effects are unique under pathologic conditions compared to healthy controls. We conclude that molecular TMAO effects are highly context-dependent and call for further research to clarify the deleterious and beneficial molecular effects observed in metabolic disease research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S. Krueger
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (E.S.K.); (T.S.L.)
| | - Trevor S. Lloyd
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (E.S.K.); (T.S.L.)
- Medical Education Program, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jeffery S. Tessem
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food Science, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA; (E.S.K.); (T.S.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-801-422-9082
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26
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Wang H, Tian Q, Zhang J, Liu H, Zhang J, Cao W, Zhang X, Li X, Wu L, Song M, Kong Y, Wang W, Wang Y. Blood transcriptome profiling as potential biomarkers of suboptimal health status: potential utility of novel biomarkers for predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine strategy. EPMA J 2021; 12:103-115. [PMID: 34194583 PMCID: PMC8192624 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-021-00238-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The early identification of Suboptimal Health Status (SHS) creates a window opportunity for the predictive, preventive, and personalized medicine (PPPM) in chronic diseases. Previous studies have observed the alterations in several mRNA levels in SHS individuals. As a promising "omics" technology offering comprehension of genome structure and function at RNA level, transcriptome profiling can provide innovative molecular biomarkers for the predictive identification and targeted prevention of SHS. To explore the potential biomarkers, biological functions, and signalling pathways involved in SHS, an RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq)-based transcriptome analysis was firstly conducted on buffy coat samples collected from 30 participants with SHS and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Transcriptome analysis identified a total of 46 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), in which 22 transcripts were significantly increased and 24 transcripts were decreased in the SHS group. A total of 23 transcripts were selected as candidate predictive biomarkers for SHS. Gene Ontology (GO) annotations and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis revealed that several biological processes were related to SHS, such as ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter and neurodegeneration. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis identified 10 hub genes related to SHS, including GJA1, TWIST2, KRT1, TUBB3, AMHR2, BMP10, MT3, BMPER, NTM, and TMEM98. A transcriptome predictive model can distinguish SHS individuals from the healthy controls with a sensitivity of 83.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): 73.9-92.7%), a specificity of 90.0% (95% CI: 82.4-97.6%), and an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.938 (95% CI: 0.882-0.994). In the present study, we demonstrated that blood (buffy coat) samples appear to be a very promising and easily accessible biological material for the transcriptomic analyses focused on the objective identification of SHS by using our transcriptome predictive model. The pattern of particularly determined DEGs can be used as predictive transcriptomic biomarkers for the identification of SHS in an individual who may, subjectively, feel healthy, but at the level of subcellular mechanisms, the changes can provide early information about potential health problems in this person. Our findings also indicate the potential therapeutic targets in dealing with chronic diseases related to SHS, such as T2DM and CVD, and an early onset of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, as well as the findings suggest the targets for personalized interventions as promoted in PPPM. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13167-021-00238-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Center for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Qiuyue Tian
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongqi Liu
- Student Healthcare Center, Weifang University, Weifang, China
| | - Jinxia Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weijie Cao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Center for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingang Li
- Center for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Lijuan Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Manshu Song
- Center for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Yuanyuan Kong
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Center for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Youxin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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27
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Oh JK, Kim YR, Lee B, Choi YM, Kim SH. Prevention of Cholesterol Gallstone Formation by Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 43121 and Lactobacillus fermentum MF27 in Lithogenic Diet-Induced Mice. Food Sci Anim Resour 2021; 41:343-352. [PMID: 33987554 PMCID: PMC8115012 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2020.e93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus
acidophilus ATCC 43121 and L. fermentum MF27 on
biochemical indices in the serum, cholesterol metabolism in the liver and mucin
expression in the gallbladder in lithogenic diet (LD)-induced C57BL/6J mice to
determine the preventive effects of lactobacilli on gallstone formation. By the
end of 4 wk of the experimental period, mice fed on a LD with high-fat and
high-cholesterol exhibited higher levels of total and low-density lipoprotein
cholesterol in the serum compared to mice fed on control diet or LD with
L. acidophilus ATCC 43121 (LD+P1; p<0.05).
Cholesterol-lowering effects observed in the LD+P1 and LD with L.
fermentum MF27 (LD+P2) groups were associated with reduced
expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase in the liver
compared to the LD group (p<0.05). Furthermore, expression of the
gel-forming mucin, including MUC5AB and MUC5B,
was suppressed in the LD+P1 and LD+P2 groups compared to the LD
group (p<0.05). Therefore, steady intake of both L.
acidophilus ATCC 43121 and L. fermentum MF27 may
have the ability to prevent the formation of cholesterol gallstones in
LD-induced C57BL/6J mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Kyoung Oh
- Department of Food Bioscience and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - You Ra Kim
- Department of Food Bioscience and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Boin Lee
- Department of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Korea
| | - Young Min Choi
- Department of Animal Sciences and Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Korea
| | - Sae Hun Kim
- Department of Food Bioscience and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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28
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Iglesias-Carres L, Hughes MD, Steele CN, Ponder MA, Davy KP, Neilson AP. Use of dietary phytochemicals for inhibition of trimethylamine N-oxide formation. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 91:108600. [PMID: 33577949 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) has been reported as a risk factor for atherosclerosis development, as well as for other cardiovascular disease (CVD) pathologies. The objective of this review is to provide a useful summary on the use of phytochemicals as TMAO-reducing agents. This review discusses the main mechanisms by which TMAO promotes CVD, including the modulation of lipid and bile acid metabolism, and the promotion of endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Current knowledge on the available strategies to reduce TMAO formation are discussed, highlighting the effect and potential of phytochemicals. Overall, phytochemicals (i.e., phenolic compounds or glucosinolates) reduce TMAO formation by modulating gut microbiota composition and/or function, inhibiting host's capacity to metabolize TMA to TMAO, or a combination of both. Perspectives for design of future studies involving phytochemicals as TMAO-reducing agents are discussed. Overall, the information provided by this review outlines the current state of the art of the role of phytochemicals as TMAO reducing agents, providing valuable insight to further advance in this field of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisard Iglesias-Carres
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC
| | - Michael D Hughes
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Cortney N Steele
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Monica A Ponder
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Kevin P Davy
- Department of Human Nutrition, Foods and Exercise, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
| | - Andrew P Neilson
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC.
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Papandreou C, Moré M, Bellamine A. Trimethylamine N-Oxide in Relation to Cardiometabolic Health-Cause or Effect? Nutrients 2020; 12:E1330. [PMID: 32392758 PMCID: PMC7284902 DOI: 10.3390/nu12051330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is generated in a microbial-mammalian co-metabolic pathway mainly from the digestion of meat-containing food and dietary quaternary amines such as phosphatidylcholine, choline, betaine, or L-carnitine. Fish intake provides a direct significant source of TMAO. Human observational studies previously reported a positive relationship between plasma TMAO concentrations and cardiometabolic diseases. Discrepancies and inconsistencies of recent investigations and previous studies questioned the role of TMAO in these diseases. Several animal studies reported neutral or even beneficial effects of TMAO or its precursors in cardiovascular disease model systems, supporting the clinically proven beneficial effects of its precursor, L-carnitine, or a sea-food rich diet (naturally containing TMAO) on cardiometabolic health. In this review, we summarize recent preclinical and epidemiological evidence on the effects of TMAO, in order to shed some light on the role of TMAO in cardiometabolic diseases, particularly as related to the microbiome.
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