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Saetang N, Ramaraj R, Praphruet R, Unpaprom Y. Unlocking the benefits of split gill mushroom: Chemical analysis and prebiotic properties of schizophyllan extract. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 252:126544. [PMID: 37634777 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The edible split gill mushroom is considered both a nutritive and therapeutic superfood, as well as rich in schizophyllan and protein. Prebiotic properties and other biological effects distinguish the schizophyllan (β-glucan). Thus, this research investigates the identity of the mushroom strain, the nutritional composition of this mushroom, and the schizophyllan extract for further analysis, including its prebiotic activity and so on. The experimental results revealed that this mushroom was identified as Schizophyllum commune, comprising more excellent carbohydrates, protein, crude fiber, lower fat, and no heavy metal detection. Moreover, this extract consisted of pharmaceutical hydrophobin (14.0-18.5 kDa), lectin protein (21-35 kDa), bioactive purpurin or red pigment, including the prebiotic β-glucan stimulating the proliferation of probiotic bacteria isolated from yogurt. Therefore, both S. commune and the schizophyllan extract can be used as a prebiotic candidate, functional food, and nutraceutical product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuttapong Saetang
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand; Sustainable Resources and Sustainable Engineering Research Lab, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand
| | - Rameshprabu Ramaraj
- Sustainable Resources and Sustainable Engineering Research Lab, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand; APEC Research Center for Advanced Biohydrogen Technology (ACABT), Thailand Chiang Mai Branch Center, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand; School of Renewable Energy, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand
| | - Ruenkaew Praphruet
- Institute of Product Quality and Standardization, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand
| | - Yuwalee Unpaprom
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand; Sustainable Resources and Sustainable Engineering Research Lab, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand; APEC Research Center for Advanced Biohydrogen Technology (ACABT), Thailand Chiang Mai Branch Center, Maejo University, Chiang Mai 50290, Thailand.
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2
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Li Y, Wang P, Zhang Z, Liu Q. A novel lectin from mushroom Phellodon melaleucus displays hemagglutination activity, and antitumor activity in a B16 melanoma mouse model. FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fshw.2023.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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3
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Murugesan AK, Gunasagaran KS. Purification and characterization of a synergistic bioactive lectin from Pleurotus flabellatus (PFL-L) with potent antibacterial and in-vitro radical scavenging activity. Anal Biochem 2021; 635:114450. [PMID: 34767809 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2021.114450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lectin is a carbohydrate-binding protein, which exhibits a plethora of biological properties such as antimicrobial, antifungal, and anticancer activities. In the present study, lectin, with an antibacterial and antioxidant potential, was purified from the oyster mushroom Pleurotus flabellatus. The P. flabellatus Lectin (PFL-L) was purified by using a DEAE - cellulose anion exchange chromatography followed by gel-filtration chromatography. The PFL-L was characterized by CD, HPLC, and MALDI-TOF/MS. The purity of PFL-L increased to 62.40% with the recovery of hemagglutinating activity (HA) by 12.12%. On SDS - PAGE, the PFL-L gave a single band of 18 kDa. PFL-L, consisting of d-galactose, exhibits a strong hemagglutinating activity. It was stable at pH (6.0-7.5) and temperature (10-20 °C) in addition to having extensive hemagglutinating activity. PFL-L enhanced the HA with the use of different metal ions namely Mg2+, Ca2+, and Fe2+. The study of bacterial growth inhibition led to the inference that the PFL-L was more potent against gram-negative bacteria. PFL-L showed the highest radical scavenging activity for the DPPH assay at 100 μg/mL (89.9 ± 2.53%). The highest antioxidant activities with IC50 values (for DPPH assay) of 53.96 μg/mL were determined for PFL-L and the present study shows that lectin from P. flabellatus manifested distinctive character and potentially exploitable activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arul Kumar Murugesan
- Centre for Advanced Studies in Botany, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Pin Code - 600025, India; Department of Botany, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchrappalli, Pin Code - 620024, India.
| | - Karuna Sagaran Gunasagaran
- Environment Information System (ENVIS-Centre), Department of Zoology, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Pin Code - 600025, India
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Cavalcanti VLR, Brandão-Costa RMP, Pontual EV, de Andrade AF, Alves LC, Porto ALF, Bezerra RP. Chlorella vulgaris lectin kills Aedes aegypti larvae. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Moradi A, El-Shetehy M, Gamir J, Austerlitz T, Dahlin P, Wieczorek K, Künzler M, Mauch F. Expression of a Fungal Lectin in Arabidopsis Enhances Plant Growth and Resistance Toward Microbial Pathogens and a Plant-Parasitic Nematode. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:657451. [PMID: 33897746 PMCID: PMC8063123 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.657451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Coprinopsis cinerea lectin 2 (CCL2) is a fucoside-binding lectin from the basidiomycete C. cinerea that is toxic to the bacterivorous nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as well as animal-parasitic and fungivorous nematodes. We expressed CCL2 in Arabidopsis to assess its protective potential toward plant-parasitic nematodes. Our results demonstrate that expression of CCL2 enhances host resistance against the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. Surprisingly, CCL2-expressing plants were also more resistant to fungal pathogens including Botrytis cinerea, and the phytopathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae. In addition, CCL2 expression positively affected plant growth indicating that CCL2 has the potential to improve two important agricultural parameters namely biomass production and general disease resistance. The mechanism of the CCL2-mediated enhancement of plant disease resistance depended on fucoside-binding by CCL2 as transgenic plants expressing a mutant version of CCL2 (Y92A), compromised in fucoside-binding, exhibited wild type (WT) disease susceptibility. The protective effect of CCL2 did not seem to be direct as the lectin showed no growth-inhibition toward B. cinerea in in vitro assays. We detected, however, a significantly enhanced transcriptional induction of plant defense genes in CCL2- but not CCL2-Y92A-expressing lines in response to infection with B. cinerea compared to WT plants. This study demonstrates a potential of fungal defense lectins in plant protection beyond their use as toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboubakr Moradi
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Mohamed El-Shetehy
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Jordi Gamir
- Department Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural (ESTCE), Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Tina Austerlitz
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Dahlin
- Agroscope, Research Division, Plant Protection, Phytopathology and Zoology in Fruit and Vegetable Production, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Künzler
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felix Mauch
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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Suzuki T. Genetic sequence analysis and characterization of bioactive compounds in mushroom-forming fungi. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2021; 85:8-12. [PMID: 33577662 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbaa067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Mushroom-forming fungi produce unique bioactive compounds that have potential applications as medicines, supplements, and agrochemicals. Thus, it is necessary to clarify the biosynthetic pathways of these compounds using genome and transcriptome analyses. This review introduces some of our research on bioactive compounds isolated from mushrooms, as well as genetic analysis with next-generation sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Suzuki
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya, Japan
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Zhao S, Gao Q, Rong C, Wang S, Zhao Z, Liu Y, Xu J. Immunomodulatory Effects of Edible and Medicinal Mushrooms and Their Bioactive Immunoregulatory Products. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:E269. [PMID: 33171663 PMCID: PMC7712035 DOI: 10.3390/jof6040269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms have been valued as food and health supplements by humans for centuries. They are rich in dietary fiber, essential amino acids, minerals, and many bioactive compounds, especially those related to human immune system functions. Mushrooms contain diverse immunoregulatory compounds such as terpenes and terpenoids, lectins, fungal immunomodulatory proteins (FIPs) and polysaccharides. The distributions of these compounds differ among mushroom species and their potent immune modulation activities vary depending on their core structures and fraction composition chemical modifications. Here we review the current status of clinical studies on immunomodulatory activities of mushrooms and mushroom products. The potential mechanisms for their activities both in vitro and in vivo were summarized. We describe the approaches that have been used in the development and application of bioactive compounds extracted from mushrooms. These developments have led to the commercialization of a large number of mushroom products. Finally, we discuss the problems in pharmacological applications of mushrooms and mushroom products and highlight a few areas that should be improved before immunomodulatory compounds from mushrooms can be widely used as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (S.Z.); (Q.G.); (C.R.); (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Qi Gao
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (S.Z.); (Q.G.); (C.R.); (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Chengbo Rong
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (S.Z.); (Q.G.); (C.R.); (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Shouxian Wang
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (S.Z.); (Q.G.); (C.R.); (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Zhekun Zhao
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (S.Z.); (Q.G.); (C.R.); (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.)
- College of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan 056038, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (S.Z.); (Q.G.); (C.R.); (S.W.); (Z.Z.); (Y.L.)
| | - Jianping Xu
- Department of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada
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8
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Singh RS, Walia AK, Kennedy JF. Mushroom lectins in biomedical research and development. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 151:1340-1350. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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9
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Hiremath KY, Jagadeesh N, Belur S, Kulkarni SS, Inamdar SR. A lectin with anti-microbial and anti proliferative activities from Lantana camara, a medicinal plant. Protein Expr Purif 2020; 170:105574. [PMID: 31978534 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2020.105574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lectins are known to possess interesting biological properties such as anti microbial, nematicidal, anti tumor and anti viral activities. Lantana camara from verbenaceae family is a medicinal plant known for possessing anti oxidant and anticancer activities. Since anticancer activity is reported in plant lectins, leaves of Lantana camara was used to check the presence of lectin. METHODS AND RESULTS Here we report the purification, characterization and biological properties of a lectin from Lantana camara (LCL) leaves. LCL was purified by ion exchange chromatography on CM-cellulose column followed by affinity chromatography on mucin coupled Sepharose 4B column and gel filtration chromatography on Superdex G75 column. LCL is a glycoprotein with 10% of the carbohydrate and is blood group non specific. SDS-PAGE analysis of affinity purified LCL showed two proteins with apparent molecular weight of 14.49 kDa and 17.4 kDa which were subsequently separated by Gel filtration chromatography on Superdex G75 column. Hapten inhibition studies of LCL revealed its highest affinity for Chitin, Milibiose, α-D-Methyl galactopyranoside and glycoproteins like mucin, asialomucin. LCL showed strong binding to human colon adenocarcinoma HT29 cells with MFI of 242 which was effectively blocked by 68.1 and 62.5% by both mucin and milibiose. LCL showed dose and time dependent growth inhibitory effects on HT29 cells with IC50 of 3.75 μg/ml at 48 h. LCL has potent antibacterial and anti fungal activity. CONCLUSION LCL can be explored for its clinical potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Y Hiremath
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India
| | | | - Shivakumar Belur
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India
| | - Supreeth S Kulkarni
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India
| | - Shashikala R Inamdar
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, Karnatak University, Dharwad, 580003, India.
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An L-fucose specific lectin from Aspergillus niger isolated from mycotic keratitis patient and its interaction with human pancreatic adenocarcinoma PANC-1 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 134:487-497. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.04.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Pinaud S, Portela J, Duval D, Nowacki FC, Olive MA, Allienne JF, Galinier R, Dheilly NM, Kieffer-Jaquinod S, Mitta G, Théron A, Gourbal B. A Shift from Cellular to Humoral Responses Contributes to Innate Immune Memory in the Vector Snail Biomphalaria glabrata. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005361. [PMID: 26735307 PMCID: PMC4703209 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Discoveries made over the past ten years have provided evidence that invertebrate antiparasitic responses may be primed in a sustainable manner, leading to the failure of a secondary encounter with the same pathogen. This phenomenon called “immune priming” or "innate immune memory" was mainly phenomenological. The demonstration of this process remains to be obtained and the underlying mechanisms remain to be discovered and exhaustively tested with rigorous functional and molecular methods, to eliminate all alternative explanations. In order to achieve this ambitious aim, the present study focuses on the Lophotrochozoan snail, Biomphalaria glabrata, in which innate immune memory was recently reported. We provide herein the first evidence that a shift from a cellular immune response (encapsulation) to a humoral immune response (biomphalysin) occurs during the development of innate memory. The molecular characterisation of this process in Biomphalaria/Schistosoma system was undertaken to reconcile mechanisms with phenomena, opening the way to a better comprehension of innate immune memory in invertebrates. This prompted us to revisit the artificial dichotomy between innate and memory immunity in invertebrate systems. Schistosomiasis is the second most widespread tropical parasitic disease after malaria. It is caused by flatworms of the genus Schistosoma. Its life cycle is complex and requires certain freshwater snail species as the intermediate host. Given the limited options for treating S. mansoni infections, much research has focused on a better understanding of the immunobiological interactions between the invertebrate host Biomphalaria glabrata and its parasite S. mansoni. Recently, we demonstrated the existence of a time-dependent and genotype-dependent acquired innate immune memory in B. glabrata snails. A primo-infection of the Lophotrochozoan vector snail, Biomphalaria glabrata, with Schistosoma mansoni totally protected the snail against a secondary challenge. Learning more about the immunobiological interactions between B. glabrata and S. mansoni could have important socioeconomic and public health impacts by changing the way we attempt to eradicate parasitic diseases and prevent or control Schistosomiasis in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvain Pinaud
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - Julien Portela
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - David Duval
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - Fanny C. Nowacki
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Montpellier, Perpignan, France
- Institute of Biological, Environmental & Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth Ceredigion, United Kingdom
| | - Marie-Aude Olive
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - Jean-François Allienne
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - Richard Galinier
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - Nolwenn M. Dheilly
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Montpellier, Perpignan, France
- School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, United States of America
| | - Sylvie Kieffer-Jaquinod
- Plate-forme d'analyses protéomiques EDyP-Service, Laboratoire de Biologie à Grande Echelle UMR-S 1038 Inserm/CEA/UJF CEA, Grenoble, France
| | - Guillaume Mitta
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - André Théron
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Montpellier, Perpignan, France
| | - Benjamin Gourbal
- University of Perpignan Via Domitia, IHPE UMR 5244, CNRS, IFREMER, University of Montpellier, Perpignan, France
- * E-mail:
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Singh RS, Kaur HP, Singh J. Purification and characterization of a mycelial mucin specific lectin from Aspergillus panamensis with potent mitogenic and antibacterial activity. Process Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2015.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Entomotoxic and nematotoxic lectins and protease inhibitors from fungal fruiting bodies. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:91-111. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7075-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2015] [Revised: 10/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Yin C, Wong JH, Ng TB. Isolation of a Hemagglutinin with Potent Antiproliferative Activity and a Large Antifungal Defensin from Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Hokkaido Large Pinto Beans. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:5439-5448. [PMID: 25965006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Lectins (hemagglutinins) are defined as sugar-binding proteins or glycoproteins with various biological activities. A 60 kDa dimeric hemagglutinin with a blocked N-terminus was isolated in large yield (190 mg/60 g) from the common edible bean Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Hokkaido large pinto bean. Its hemagglutinating, antifungal, and antitumor activities as well as the effects of carbohydrate and metal ions on its hemagglutinating activity were examined. It inhibited the proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (CNE2), human breast cancer (MCF7), and hepatoma (HepG2) cells. The IC50 values toward HepG2, MCF7, and CNE2 cells after treatment for 48 h were 8.1, 6.07, and 7.49 μM, respectively, which were relatively low among lectins of different P. vulgaris cultivars. From the pinto beans, a 10888 Da antifungal peptide with similarity to plant defensins as revealed by mass spectroscopic analysis was also isolated with a yield of 3.2 mg of proteins from 60 g of beans. The large defensin was capable of inhibiting mycelial growth in Mycosphaerella arachidicola, Setosphaeria turcica, Bipolaris maydis, and Fusarium oxysporum but not in Valsa mali.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiming Yin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jack Ho Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China
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Mushroom lectins: specificity, structure and bioactivity relevant to human disease. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:7802-38. [PMID: 25856678 PMCID: PMC4425051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16047802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectins are non-immunoglobulin proteins that bind diverse sugar structures with a high degree of selectivity. Lectins play crucial role in various biological processes such as cellular signaling, scavenging of glycoproteins from the circulatory system, cell-cell interactions in the immune system, differentiation and protein targeting to cellular compartments, as well as in host defence mechanisms, inflammation, and cancer. Among all the sources of lectins, plants have been most extensively studied. However, more recently fungal lectins have attracted considerable attention due to their antitumor, antiproliferative and immunomodulatory activities. Given that only 10% of mushroom species are known and have been taxonomically classified, mushrooms represent an enormous unexplored source of potentially useful and novel lectins. In this review we provide an up-to-date summary on the biochemical, molecular and structural properties of mushroom lectins, as well as their versatile applications specifically focusing on mushroom lectin bioactivity.
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Hong J, Chen TT, Hu L, Yang J, Hu P, Wang SY. Purification and characterization of a novel lectin from Chinese leek seeds. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:1488-1495. [PMID: 25569192 DOI: 10.1021/jf5046014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A novel lectin, CLSL, was purified from Chinese leek seeds by ion exchange chromatography on SP Sephadex C-25 and gel filtration chromatography on Sephadex G50. The lectin had a molecular weight of 23.6 kDa and was composed of two identical subunits linked by disulfide bonds, a conclusion based on SDS-PAGE under reducing and nonreducing conditions. CLSL was a glycoprotein with a carbohydrate content of 3.6%. It exerted potent agglutinating activity against rat red blood cells at a concentration of 8.9 μg/mL. Hemagglutination of rat erythrocytes was inhibited by d-fructose, mannitol, and sorbose at the concentration of 20 mM. The hemagglutinating activity of CLSL was maintained at 100 °C for 60 min and under acidic pH conditions but was lost at neutral and alkaline pH conditions. The hemagglutinating activity was stimulated by Ca(2+), Fe(2+), and Cu(2+) but inactivated by Ba(2+) at a concentration of 10 mM. Ba(2+)-mediated inactivation of CLSL was caused by CLSL conformational change induced by barium ions, according to the results of circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy. Deconvolution of the CLSL circular dichroism indicated that it was an α-helical lectin with α-helix and β-fold contents of 35.8% and 8.6%, respectively. CLSL could also selectively inhibit cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Hong
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Fuzhou University , 2 Xue Yuan Road, University Town, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
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Singh RS, Bhari R, Kaur R. Purification, characterization, and mitogenic potential of a mucin-specific mycelial lectin from Aspergillus sparsus. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 175:1938-47. [PMID: 25432347 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-014-1419-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lectins are carbohydrate binding proteins or glycoproteins that bind reversibly to specific carbohydrates present on the apposing cells, which is responsible for their ability to agglutinate red blood cells, lymphocytes, fibroblasts, etc. Due to their carbohydrate specificity, lectins have been used for purification and characterization of glycoproteins like antibodies, cytokines, tumor-associated glycoproteins, hormones, inhibitors, growth factors, various enzymes, membrane proteins (receptors), or even toxins and viruses. In the present study, a mycelial lectin from Aspergillus sparsus was purified, characterized, and evaluated for its mitogenic potential. Lectin could be effectively purified 17.8-fold in a single-step using affinity chromatography on mucin-sepharose column. Lectin migrated as a single band in sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) with an apparent molecular mass of 100.2 kDa. Lectin showed pH optima of 6.5-8.0, and optimum temperature was determined to be 20-30 °C. Lectin was stable within a pH range of 5.5-10.0 and showed fairly good thermostability. Lectin activity was unaffected in the presence of EDTA, while activity reduced upon interaction with denaturants. MTT assay revealed strong mitogenic potential of A. sparsus lectin at a concentration up to 100 μg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sarup Singh
- Carbohydrate and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147 002, Punjab, India,
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Antimicrobial activity and carbohydrate specificity of new mycelial lectins from Fusarium sp. Biologia (Bratisl) 2014. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-014-0449-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Singh RS, Kaur HP, Singh J. Purification and characterization of a mucin specific mycelial lectin from Aspergillus gorakhpurensis: application for mitogenic and antimicrobial activity. PLoS One 2014; 9:e109265. [PMID: 25286160 PMCID: PMC4186849 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0109265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lectins are carbohydrate binding proteins or glycoproteins that bind reversibly to specific carbohydrates present on the apposing cells, which are responsible for their ability to agglutinate red blood cells, lymphocytes, fibroblasts, etc. Interest in lectins has been intensified due to their carbohydrate specificity as they can be valuable reagents for the investigation of cell surface sugars, purification and characterization of glycoproteins. The present study reports the purification, characterization and evaluation of mitogenic and antimicrobial potential of a mycelial lectin from Aspergillus gorakhpurensis. METHODS Affinity chromatography on mucin-sepharose column was carried out for purification of Aspergillus gorakhpurensis lectin. The lectin was characterized for physico-chemical parameters. Mitogenic potential of the lectin was evaluated against splenocytes of Swiss albino mice by MTT assay. Antimicrobial activity of the purified lectin has also been evaluated by disc diffusion assay. RESULTS Single-step affinity purification resulted in 18.6-fold purification of the mycelial lectin. The molecular mass of the lectin was found to be 70 kDa and it was composed of two subunits of 34.8 kDa as determined by gel filtration chromatography, SDS-PAGE and MALDI-TOF analysis. pH optima of the lectin was found to be 6.5-9.5, while optimum temperature for lectin activity was 20-30 °C. Lectin was stable within a pH range of 7.0-10.5 and showed fair thermostability. EDTA did not affect lectin activity whereas it was found susceptible to the denaturants tested. MTT assay revealed strong mitogenic potential of A. gorakhpurensis lectin at a concentration upto 150 µg/mL. Antimicrobial activity assay showed its potent antibacterial activity against Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcous aureus and Escherichia coli and marginal antifungal activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae. CONCLUSION This is the first report on the mitogenic and antimicrobial potential of Aspergillus gorakhpurensis lectin. The results will provide useful guidelines for further research in clinical applications of this lectin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sarup Singh
- Carbohydrate and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Hemant Preet Kaur
- Carbohydrate and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Jatinder Singh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Chen H, Li S, Wang P, Yan S, Hu L, Pan X, Yang C, Leung GP. Endothelium-dependent and -independent relaxation of rat aorta induced by extract of Schizophyllum commune. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 21:1230-1236. [PMID: 25172784 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 05/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Schizophyllum commune (SC) is widely consumed by Chinese, especially in southern part of China. The aim of the present study was to assess the extract of SC on vascular tone and the mechanisms involved. Experiments were performed on aorta of 18-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats. Dried SC was extracted with 50% ethanol, 90% ethanol and deionized water, respectively. The effects of SC on the isometric tension of rat aortic rings were measured. Protein expression for the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was also determined in the primarily cultured rat aortic arterial endothelial cells (RAECs). The results showed that the water extract of SC induced a marked relaxation in aortic rings with or without endothelium. After the pretreatments of N(ω)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, indomethacin, RP-cAMP, and methylene blue, the SC-induced relaxation was significantly decreased. In addition, the contraction due to Ca(2+) influx and intracellular Ca(2+) release was also inhibited by SC. Furthermore, expression of the eNOS protein was significantly elevated in RAECs after treatment of SC. In conclusion, the water extract of SC induces an endothelium-dependent and -independent relaxation in rat aorta. The relaxing effect of SC involves the modulation of NO-cGMP-dependent pathways, PGI2-cAMP-depedent pathways, Ca(2+) influx though calcium channels and intracellular Ca(2+) release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyun Chen
- Ethnic Drug Screening & Pharmacology Center, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Sujuan Li
- Ethnic Drug Screening & Pharmacology Center, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Saimei Yan
- Ethnic Drug Screening & Pharmacology Center, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Lin Hu
- Ethnic Drug Screening & Pharmacology Center, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Xiaoxia Pan
- Ethnic Drug Screening & Pharmacology Center, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, PR China
| | - Cui Yang
- Ethnic Drug Screening & Pharmacology Center, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, PR China; Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China.
| | - George Pakheng Leung
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, PR China.
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Abstract
Fungi are members of a large group of eukaryotic organisms that include yeasts and molds, as well as the most familiar member, mushrooms. Fungal lectins with unique specificity and structures have been discovered. In general, fungal lectins are classified into specific families based on their amino acid sequences and three-dimensional structures. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the approximately 80 types of mushroom and fungal lectins that have been isolated and studied to date. In particular, we have focused on ten fungal lectins (Agaricus bisporus, Agrocybe cylindracea, Aleuria aurantia, Aspergillus oryzae, Clitocybe nebularis, Marasmius oreades, Psathyrella velutina, Rhizopus stolonifer, Pholiota squarrosa, Polyporus squamosus), many of which are commercially available and their properties, sugar-binding specificities, structural grouping into families, and applications for biological research being described. The sialic acid-specific lectins (Agrocybe cylindracea and Polyporus squamosus) and fucose-specific lectins (Aleuria aurantia, Aspergillus oryzae, Rhizopus stolonifer, and Pholiota squarrosa) each showed potential for use in identifying sialic acid glycoconjugates and fucose glycoconjugates. Although not much is currently known about fungal lectins compared to animal and plant lectins, the knowledge accumulated thus far shows great promise for several applications in the fields of taxonomy, biomedicine, and molecular and cellular biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Kobayashi
- J-Oil Mills Inc., 11, Kagetoricho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 245-0064, Japan,
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Alborés S, Mora P, Bustamante MJ, Cerdeiras MP, Franco Fraguas L. Purification and Applications of a Lectin from the Mushroom Gymnopilus spectabilis. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 172:2081-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0665-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/01/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Luz LDA, Silva MCC, Ferreira RDS, Santana LA, Silva-Lucca RA, Mentele R, Oliva MLV, Paiva PMG, Coelho LCBB. Structural characterization of coagulant Moringa oleifera Lectin and its effect on hemostatic parameters. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 58:31-6. [PMID: 23537800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.03.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Lectins are carbohydrate recognition proteins. cMoL, a coagulant Moringa oleifera Lectin, was isolated from seeds of the plant. Structural studies revealed a heat-stable and pH resistant protein with 101 amino acids, 11.67 theoretical pI and 81% similarity with a M. oleifera flocculent protein. Secondary structure content was estimated as 46% α-helix, 12% β-sheets, 17% β-turns and 25% unordered structures belonging to the α/β tertiary structure class. cMoL significantly prolonged the time required for blood coagulation, activated partial thromboplastin (aPTT) and prothrombin times (PT), but was not so effective in prolonging aPTT in asialofetuin presence. cMoL acted as an anticoagulant protein on in vitro blood coagulation parameters and at least on aPTT, the lectin interacted through the carbohydrate recognition domain.
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A Calcium Ion-Dependent Dimeric Bean Lectin with Antiproliferative Activity Toward Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells. Protein J 2013; 32:208-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s10930-013-9477-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Yao D, Pan S, Zhou M. Structural characterization and antitumor and mitogenic activity of a lectin from the gill of bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2012; 38:1815-1824. [PMID: 22714932 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-012-9678-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2012] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the gross structure, secondary structure, and antitumor and mitogenic activity of GANL, a lectin from the gill of bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis). We used infrared spectroscopy, β-elimination, and circular dichroism spectroscopy to determine the structure of GANL. We measured antiproliferation activity against six human tumor cell lines and mitogenic activity against murine splenocytes using the MTT assay. Based on infrared spectroscopy and β-elimination, we conclude that GANL is a glycoprotein. The protein and carbohydrate moieties are joined by O-glycosidic linkage. A circular dichroism spectroscopic analysis revealed that the secondary structure of GANL consists of α-helices (34.8 %), β-sheets (12.1 %), β-turns (24.5 %), and unordered structures (33.0 %). GANL exerted potent antitumor activity against the HeLa cell line (IC(50) = 11.86 μg/mL) and a mitogenic effect on murine splenocytes in the MTT assay. GANL, a lectin that is isolated from the gills of bighead carp, is a glycoprotein with potent antitumor and mitogenic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongrui Yao
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, 59 Changwu Road, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Saikun Pan
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, 59 Changwu Road, Lianyungang, 222005, China.
| | - Mingqian Zhou
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Huaihai Institute of Technology, 59 Changwu Road, Lianyungang, 222005, China
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Shim E, Shim J, Klochkova TA, Han JW, Kim GH. PURIFICATION OF A SEX-SPECIFIC LECTIN INVOLVED IN GAMETE BINDING OF AGLAOTHAMNION CALLOPHYLLIDICOLA (RHODOPHYTA)(1). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2012; 48:916-24. [PMID: 27009002 DOI: 10.1111/j.1529-8817.2012.01155.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Egg and sperm binding and correct recognition is the first stage for successful fertilization. In red algae, spermatial attachment to female trichogynes is mediated by a specific binding between the lectin(s) distributed on the surface of trichogyne and the complementary carbohydrates on the spermatial surface. A female-specific lectin was isolated from Aglaothamnion callophyllidicola by agarose-bound fetuin affinity chromatography. Two proteins, 50 and 14 kDa, eluted from the fetuin column were separated using a native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis method and subjected to a gamete binding assay. The 50 kDa protein, which blocked spermatial binding to female trichogynes, was used for further analysis. Internal amino acid sequence of the 50 kDa protein was analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry and degenerated primers were designed based on the information. A full-length cDNA encoding the lectin was obtained using rapid amplification of cDNA ends polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The cDNA was 1552 bp in length and coded for a protein of 450 amino acids with a deduced molecular mass of 50.7 kDa, which agreed well with the protein data. Real-time PCR analysis showed that this protein was up-regulated about 10-fold in female thalli. As the protein was novel and showed no significant homology to any known proteins, it was designated Rhodobindin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunyoung Shim
- Department of Biology, Kongju National University, Kongju, Chungnam 314-701, Korea
| | - Junbo Shim
- Department of Biology, Kongju National University, Kongju, Chungnam 314-701, Korea
| | - Tatyana A Klochkova
- Department of Biology, Kongju National University, Kongju, Chungnam 314-701, Korea
| | - Jong Won Han
- Department of Biology, Kongju National University, Kongju, Chungnam 314-701, Korea
| | - Gwang Hoon Kim
- Department of Biology, Kongju National University, Kongju, Chungnam 314-701, Korea
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Gomes BS, Siqueira ABS, de Cássia Carvalho Maia R, Giampaoli V, Teixeira EH, Arruda FVS, do Nascimento KS, de Lima AN, Souza-Motta CM, Cavada BS, Porto ALF. Antifungal activity of lectins against yeast of vaginal secretion. Braz J Microbiol 2012; 43:770-8. [PMID: 24031889 PMCID: PMC3768816 DOI: 10.1590/s1517-83822012000200042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2011] [Revised: 05/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lectins are carbohydrate-binding proteins of non-imune origin. This group of proteins is distributed widely in nature and they have been found in viruses, microorganisms, plants and animals. Lectins of plants have been isolated and characterized according to their chemical, physical-chemical, structural and biological properties. Among their biological activities, we can stress its fungicidal action. It has been previously described the effect of the lectins Dviol, DRL, ConBr and LSL obtained from the seeds of leguminous plants on the growth of yeasts isolated from vaginal secretions. In the present work the experiments were carried out in microtiter plates and the results interpreted by both methods: visual observations and a microplate reader at 530nm. The lectin concentrations varied from 0.5 to 256μg/mL, and the inoculum was established between 65-70% of trammitance. All yeast samples isolated from vaginal secretion were evaluated taxonomically, where were observed macroscopic and microscopic characteristics to each species. The LSL lectin did not demonstrate any antifungal activity to any isolate studied. The other lectins DRL, ConBr and DvioL, showed antifungal potential against yeast isolated from vaginal secretion. These findings offering offer a promising field of investigation to develop new therapeutic strategies against vaginal yeast infections, collaborating to improve women's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Severo Gomes
- Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco , Recife, PE , Brasil
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Ferreira R, Napoleão T, Santos A, Sá R, Carneiro-da-Cunha M, Morais M, Silva-Lucca R, Oliva M, Coelho L, Paiva P. Coagulant and antibacterial activities of the water-soluble seed lectin from Moringa oleifera. Lett Appl Microbiol 2011; 53:186-92. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.2011.03089.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Li C, Yu S, Zhao J, Su X, Li T. Cloning and characterization of a sialic acid binding lectins (SABL) from Manila clam Venerupis philippinarum. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 30:1202-1206. [PMID: 21376125 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2011.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2010] [Revised: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Sialic acid binding lectin (SABL) is a member of immunoglobulin-like lectins family that are thought to promote cell-cell interactions and regulate the functions of cells in the innate and adaptive immune systems through glycan recognition. In the present study, the full-length cDNA of SABL was identified from Manila clam Venerupis philippinarum (denoted as VpSABL) by cDNA library and RACE approaches. The cDNA of VpSABL consisted of a 5'terminal untranslated region (UTR) of 62 bp, a 3' UTR of 354 bp with a poly (A) tail, and an open reading frame (ORF) of 588 bp encoding a polypeptide of 195 amino acids with a typical C1q domain in the C-terminus. Multiple alignment analysis indicated that the deduced amino acid of VpSABL shared higher positive to other SABLs and C1q-contained proteins and should be adopted typical 10 β-strand jelly-roll folding topology common to all C1q-TNF family. Spatial expression analysis indicated that mRNA transcript of VpSABL was predominantly detectable in tissues of mantle, hepatopancreas and gill, and to a lesser degree in the tissues of muscle and haemocytes. After challenged by Vibrio anguillarum, the mRNA level of VpSABL in overall haemocytes population was recorded by quantitative real-time RT-PCR. VpSABL mRNA was down-regulated in the first 24 h post-infection. Then, the expression level increased to the peak at 72 h and recovered to the original level at 96 h. All these results indicated that VpSABL was involved in the immune response against microbe infection and might be contributed to the recognition of bacterial pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghua Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Biotechnology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, PR China.
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30
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Rolim LADMM, Macêdo MFS, Sisenando HA, Napoleão TH, Felzenszwalb I, Aiub CAF, Coelho LCBB, Medeiros SRB, Paiva PMG. Genotoxicity evaluation of Moringa oleifera seed extract and lectin. J Food Sci 2011; 76:T53-8. [PMID: 21535795 DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2010.01990.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This article reports the genotoxicity assessment of an extract of M. oleifera seed powder and the water-soluble Moringa oleifera lectin (WSMoL) isolated from seeds. The lectin isolated by chitin chromatography showed hemagglutinating activity with different erythrocytes, activity in a broad pH range (4.5 to 9.5), and retention of hemagglutinating activity after being heated to 100 °C. Genotoxicity of the seed extract and WSMoL were assessed using the cell-free plasmid DNA as well as the Salmonella typhimurium (Ames and Kado) assays with TA97, TA98, TA100, and TA102 in the presence or absence of hepatic metabolization. Seed extract at concentration (0.2 μg/μL) recommended to treat water was not genotoxic by Ames, Kado, and cell-free plasmid DNA assays. S. typhimurium strains showed to be sensitive to M. oleifera extract revealing a mutagenic effect at doses higher than 0.6 μg/μL with hepatic metabolization. The extract at doses higher than 0.4 μg/μL, without hepatic metabolization, was mutagenic for TA100 and TA102. WSMoL was nonmutagenic by used assays. The use of high concentrations of the extract may pose a risk to human health and the safe use of M. oleifera seed powder to treat water for human consumption requires more study; however, the purified lectin could be an alternative for water treatment. PRACTICAL APPLICATION The concentration 0.2 μg/μL of M. oleifera seed extract recommended to treat water for humans did not pose a risk to human health. The mutagenicity detected at concentrations higher than 0.4 μg/μL was not due to WSMoL, lectin isolated from extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucíola A D M M Rolim
- Lab de Glicoproteínas, Dept de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Univ Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
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Singh RS, Bhari R, Kaur HP. Mushroom lectins: current status and future perspectives. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2010; 30:99-126. [PMID: 20105049 DOI: 10.3109/07388550903365048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Lectins are nonimmune proteins or glycoproteins that bind specifically to cell surface carbohydrates, culminating in cell agglutination. These are known to play key roles in host defense system and also in metastasis. Many new sources have been explored for the occurrence of lectins during the last few years. Numerous novel lectins with unique specificities and exploitable properties have been discovered. Mushrooms have attracted a number of researchers in food and pharmaceuticals. Many species have long been used in traditional Chinese medicines or functional foods in Japan and other Asian countries. A number of bioactive constituents have been isolated from mushrooms including polysaccharides, polysaccharopeptides, polysaccharide-protein complexes, proteases, ribonucleases, ribosome inactivating proteins, antifungal proteins, immunomodulatory proteins, enzymes, lectins, etc. Mushroom lectins are endowed with mitogenic, antiproliferative, antitumor, antiviral, and immune stimulating potential. In this review, an attempt has been made to collate the information on mushroom lectins, their blood group and sugar specificities, with an emphasis on their biomedical potential and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Sarup Singh
- Carbohydrate and Protein Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India.
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Singh RS, Bhari R, Kaur HP, Vig M. Purification and Characterization of a Novel Thermostable Mycelial Lectin from Aspergillus terricola. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2010; 162:1339-49. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-009-8906-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 12/28/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Coelho JS, Santos NDL, Napoleão TH, Gomes FS, Ferreira RS, Zingali RB, Coelho LCBB, Leite SP, Navarro DMAF, Paiva PMG. Effect of Moringa oleifera lectin on development and mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae. CHEMOSPHERE 2009; 77:934-938. [PMID: 19747711 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2009.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2009] [Revised: 08/10/2009] [Accepted: 08/15/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti larvae have developed tolerance to many insecticides used for mosquito control. Moringa oleifera seeds contain a water-soluble lectin (WSMoL) and this paper reports the effect of M. oleifera seed extracts (MoE(1-15)) and WSMoL on development and survival of A. aegypti larvae. WSMoL peptide from in-gel trypsin digestion is also described. MoE(1-15) showed hemagglutinating activity and WSMoL had similarity with flocculating proteins from M. oleifera seeds. MoE(1) and MoE(3) delayed larval development which stopped in the third instar (L3) in MoE(6) and MoE(15). Significant (p<0.0001) larval mortality was only detected in MoE(15). Native WSMoL showed larvicidal activity (LC(50) 0.197 mg mL(-1)) and heated lectin, without hemagglutinating activity, did not kill fourth instar (L4) larvae. Optical microscopy showed that live L4 from MoE(1) presented underlying epithelium, increased gut lumen and hypertrophic segments; dead L4 from WSMoL were absent of underlying epithelium, had increased gut lumen and hypertrophic segments. The presence of hemagglutinating activity in the extracts suggests that soluble lectin promotes the delay of larval development and mortality; furthermore, the absence of larvicidal activity in heat-denatured WSMoL strengthens the involvement of lectin in this activity mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliene S Coelho
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420 Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Abstract
There are only a few reports on agglutinins from ascomycete and medicinal fungi. An HA (haemagglutinin), with an N-terminal amino acid sequence different from those of known lectins, was isolated in the present study from dried fruiting bodies of the medicinal ascomycete fungus Cordyceps militaris. The purification protocol consisted of affinity chromatography, ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration. The haemagglutinating activity of the HA could not be inhibited by simple sugars or heparin, and was stable over the pH range 2–13 and up to 60°C. Chemical modification of tryptophan and tyrosine residues had no effect. The HA exhibited some antiproliferative activity towards hepatoma (HepG2) cells and inhibited HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (IC50=10 μM). However, it did not exhibit antifungal activity, mitogenic activity towards splenocytes, nitric oxide-inducing activity towards macrophages or RNase activity. The results of the present study add to the meagre information pertaining to agglutinins from ascomycete and medicinal mushrooms. It is revealed in this study that C. militaris HA differs from other ascomycete mushroom HAs in a variety of biochemical characteristics.
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Sá RA, Santos NDDL, da Silva CSB, Napoleão TH, Gomes FS, Cavada BS, Coelho LCBB, Navarro DMDAF, Bieber LW, Paiva PMG. Larvicidal activity of lectins from Myracrodruon urundeuva on Aedes aegypti. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2009; 149:300-6. [PMID: 18761426 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2008.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2008] [Revised: 08/08/2008] [Accepted: 08/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti transmits etiologic agents of yellow fever and dengue. Vaccine for dengue virus is not available and vector control is essential to minimize dengue incidence. This report deals with the larvicidal activity of lectins isolated from Myracrodruon urundeuva bark (MuBL) and heartwood (MuHL). The lectins were isolated by ammonium sulphate treatment of crude extracts followed by chromatography on chitin. MuBL and MuHL were evaluated by electrophoresis under native (PAGE) and denaturing conditions (SDS-PAGE). Carbohydrate specificity of lectins was evaluated by hemagglutinating activity (HA) inhibition assay using N-acetyl-d-glucosamine and by affinity chromatography on N-acetyl-D-glucosamine immobilized in agarose gel. Larvicidal activity against A. aegypti was investigated with the extracts, salt fractions and isolated lectins. MuBL and MuHL were characterized by PAGE as basic proteins of molecular masses of 14.0 and 14.4 kDa, respectively. The interaction of lectins with N-acetylglucosamine was detected by inhibition of HA by monosaccharide and lectin adsorptions on N-acetyl-D-glucosamine matrix. All M. urundeuva preparations promoted larvae mortality. LC16, LC50 and LC84 values of 0.077, 0.125, 0.173 for MuBL and 0.03, 0.04 and 0.05 mg/mL for MuHL were obtained. To our knowledge this is the first report of larvicidal activity of lectins against A. aegypti.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Araújo Sá
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, CCEN, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Cidade Universitária, 50670-901, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Zheng S, Li C, Ng TB, Wang HX. A lectin with mitogenic activity from the edible wild mushroom Boletus edulis. Process Biochem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2007.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Liu Q, Wang H, Ng TB. First report of a xylose-specific lectin with potent hemagglutinating, antiproliferative and anti-mitogenic activities from a wild ascomycete mushroom. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2006; 1760:1914-9. [PMID: 16952421 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2006.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2006] [Revised: 07/07/2006] [Accepted: 07/14/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
From fresh fruiting bodies of the wild ascomycete mushroom (Xylaria hypoxylon) a lectin with N-terminal sequence resemblance to a part of Aspergillus oryzae genome and only slight similarity to fungal immunomodulatory protein from the mushroom Flammulina velutipes was isolated. The protocol comprised extraction with water, precipitation from the aqueous extract using 80% saturated (NH(4))(2)SO(4), ion exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and CM-cellulose, and then gel filtration by fast protein liquid chromatography on Superdex 75. Lectin activity was adsorbed on DEAE-cellulose and unadsorbed on CM-cellulose. The lectin appeared as a single band with a molecular mass of 14.4 kDa in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and a single 28.8-kDa peak in gel filtration on Superdex 75. The lectin exhibited highly potent antiproliferative activity toward tumor cell lines, and exerted a potent anti-mitogenic action on mouse splenocytes. The hemagglutinating activity of the lectin was inhibited by inulin and xylose. It was stable up to 35 degrees C. At 40 degrees C its hemagglutinating activity was reduced by 50%, and it dwindled to 12.5% of the original activity at 50 degrees C. The hemagglutinating activity was also sensitive to NaOH and HCl solutions. The hemagglutinating activity was unaffected by CaCl(2) and ZnCl(2), and was potentiated substantially in the presence of AlCl(3) and FeCl(3). The distinctive features of this lectin comprise a unique sugar specificity, and highly potent hemagglutinating, antiproliferative and anti-mitogenic activities. X. hypoxylon lectin differs in molecular mass, N-terminal sequence and sugar specificity from previously reported ascomycete mushroom lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghong Liu
- Sate Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology and Department of Microbiology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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