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Leite-Aguiar R, Bello-Santos VG, Castro NG, Coutinho-Silva R, Savio LEB. Techniques for evaluating the ATP-gated ion channel P2X7 receptor function in macrophages and microglial cells. J Immunol Methods 2024; 532:113727. [PMID: 38997100 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2024.113727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Resident macrophages are tissue-specific innate immune cells acting as sentinels, constantly patrolling their assigned tissue to maintain homeostasis, and quickly responding to pathogenic invaders or molecular danger signals molecules when necessary. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP), when released to the extracellular medium, acts as a danger signal through specific purinergic receptors. Interaction of ATP with the purinergic receptor P2X7 activates macrophages and microglial cells in different pathological conditions, triggering inflammation. The highly expressed P2X7 receptor in these cells induces cell membrane permeabilization, inflammasome activation, cell death, and the production of inflammatory mediators, including cytokines and nitrogen and oxygen-reactive species. This review explores the techniques to evaluate the functional and molecular aspects of the P2X7 receptor, particularly in macrophages and microglial cells. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blotting, and immunocytochemistry or immunohistochemistry are essential for assessing gene and protein expression in these cell types. Evaluation of P2X7 receptor function involves the use of ATP and selective agonists and antagonists and diverse techniques, including electrophysiology, intracellular calcium measurements, ethidium bromide uptake, and propidium iodide cell viability assays. These techniques are crucial for studying the role of P2X7 receptors in immune responses, neuroinflammation, and various pathological conditions. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the functional and molecular aspects of the P2X7 receptor in macrophages and microglia is vital for unraveling its involvement in immune modulation and its potential as a therapeutic target. The methodologies presented and discussed herein offer valuable tools for researchers investigating the complexities of P2X7 receptor signaling in innate immune cells in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raíssa Leite-Aguiar
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil..
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2
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Wei C, Fu M, Zhang H, Yao B. How is the P2X7 receptor signaling pathway involved in epileptogenesis? Neurochem Int 2024; 173:105675. [PMID: 38211839 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Epilepsy, a condition characterized by spontaneous recurrent epileptic seizures, is among the most prevalent neurological disorders. This disorder is estimated to affect approximately 70 million people worldwide. Although antiseizure medications are considered the first-line treatments for epilepsy, most of the available antiepileptic drugs are not effective in nearly one-third of patients. This calls for the development of more effective drugs. Evidence from animal models and epilepsy patients suggests that strategies that interfere with the P2X7 receptor by binding to adenosine triphosphate (ATP) are potential treatments for this patient population. This review describes the role of the P2X7 receptor signaling pathways in epileptogenesis. We highlight the genes, purinergic signaling, Pannexin1, glutamatergic signaling, adenosine kinase, calcium signaling, and inflammatory response factors involved in the process, and conclude with a synopsis of these key connections. By unraveling the intricate interplay between P2X7 receptors and epileptogenesis, this review provides ideas for designing potent clinical therapies that will revolutionize both prevention and treatment for epileptic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caichuan Wei
- Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, China
| | - Miaoying Fu
- Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, China
| | - Haiju Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, China
| | - Baozhen Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhang Zhidong Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430060, China.
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Ozkanlar S, Ulas N, Kaynar O, Satici E. P2X7 receptor antagonist A-438079 alleviates oxidative stress of lung in LPS-induced septic rats. Purinergic Signal 2023; 19:699-707. [PMID: 36959434 PMCID: PMC10754811 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-023-09936-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a deadly systemic inflammatory response of the body against infection resulting in immune response, cell differentiation and organ damage. Endotoxemia is one of the causes of sepsis-related acute respiratory distress and respiratory burst is an important generator of oxidants. Inflammation may be aggravated by overexpression of ATP-gated purinergic receptors (i.e., P2X7R) following cell damage. We aimed to evaluate the effects of P2X7R antagonist A-438079 on lung oxidative status and the receptor expression in endotoxemia of sepsis. Rats were subjected to sepsis by E. coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and treated with 15 mg/kg A-438079. The increase in circulatory IL-1β and IL-8 concentrations in LPS group confirmed the systemic inflammatory response to endotoxemia compared with Control groups (p < 0.001). Besides, there was an increase in P2X7R expression in lung tissue after LPS administration. Compared with Control groups, there were significant increases in the values of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) (p < 0.001), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) (p < 0.05) in lung tissue of LPS group. P2X7R expression in lung and IL-1β level in blood did not increase in LPS + A-438079 group. A-438079 decreased the lung levels of MDA, GSH, CAT and SOD (p < 0.001), and MPO (p < 0.01) in septic rats. As a result, administration of pathogen-associated LPS led to increased P2X7R expression into lung tissue and elevated lipid peroxidation product MDA with regard to oxidative damage. The P2X7R antagonist A-438079 alleviated the oxidative stress of lung with a balance of tissue oxidant/antioxidant factors in experimental sepsis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seckin Ozkanlar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Nergis Ulas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Kaynar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kastamonu University, 37150, Kastamonu, Turkey
| | - Emine Satici
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
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Lee D, Hong JH. Activated PyK2 and Its Associated Molecules Transduce Cellular Signaling from the Cancerous Milieu for Cancer Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415475. [PMID: 36555115 PMCID: PMC9779422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PyK2 is a member of the proline-rich tyrosine kinase and focal adhesion kinase families and is ubiquitously expressed. PyK2 is mainly activated by stimuli, such as activated Src kinases and intracellular acidic pH. The mechanism of PyK2 activation in cancer cells has been addressed extensively. The up-regulation of PyK2 through overexpression and enhanced phosphorylation is a key feature of tumorigenesis and cancer migration. In this review, we summarized the cancer milieu, including acidification and cancer-associated molecules, such as chemical reagents, interactive proteins, chemokine-related molecules, calcium channels/transporters, and oxidative molecules that affect the fate of PyK2. The inhibition of PyK2 leads to a beneficial strategy to attenuate cancer cell development, including metastasis. Thus, we highlighted the effect of PyK2 on various cancer cell types and the distribution of molecules that affect PyK2 activation. In particular, we underlined the relationship between PyK2 and cancer metastasis and its potential to treat cancer cells.
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Alberto AVP, Ferreira NCDS, Bonavita AGC, Nihei OK, de Farias FP, Bisaggio RDC, de Albuquerque C, Savino W, Coutinho‐Silva R, Persechini PM, Alves LA. Physiologic roles of P2 receptors in leukocytes. J Leukoc Biol 2022; 112:983-1012. [PMID: 35837975 PMCID: PMC9796137 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.2ru0421-226rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Since their discovery in the 1970s, purinergic receptors have been shown to play key roles in a wide variety of biologic systems and cell types. In the immune system, purinergic receptors participate in innate immunity and in the modulation of the adaptive immune response. In particular, P2 receptors, which respond to extracellular nucleotides, are widely expressed on leukocytes, causing the release of cytokines and chemokines and the formation of inflammatory mediators, and inducing phagocytosis, degranulation, and cell death. The activity of these receptors is regulated by ectonucleotidases-expressed in these same cell types-which regulate the availability of nucleotides in the extracellular environment. In this article, we review the characteristics of the main purinergic receptor subtypes present in the immune system, focusing on the P2 family. In addition, we describe the physiologic roles of the P2 receptors already identified in leukocytes and how they can positively or negatively modulate the development of infectious diseases, inflammation, and pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anael Viana Pinto Alberto
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz InstituteOswaldo Cruz FoundationRio de JaneiroRJBrazil
| | | | | | - Oscar Kenji Nihei
- Center of Education and LetterState University of the West of ParanáFoz do IguaçuPRBrazil
| | | | - Rodrigo da Cunha Bisaggio
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz InstituteOswaldo Cruz FoundationRio de JaneiroRJBrazil,Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroRJBrazil
| | | | - Wilson Savino
- Laboratory on Thymus Research, Oswaldo Cruz InstituteOswaldo Cruz FoundationRio de JaneiroRJBrazil,Brazilian National Institute of Science and Technology on NeuroimmunomodulationRio de Janeiro Research Network on NeuroinflammationRio de JaneiroRJBrazil
| | - Robson Coutinho‐Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics InstituteFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroRJBrazil
| | - Pedro Muanis Persechini
- Laboratory of Immunobiophysics, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophysics InstituteFederal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroRJBrazil
| | - Luiz Anastacio Alves
- Laboratory of Cellular Communication, Oswaldo Cruz InstituteOswaldo Cruz FoundationRio de JaneiroRJBrazil
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Yang CC, Hsiao LD, Wang CY, Lin WN, Shih YF, Chen YW, Cho RL, Tseng HC, Yang CM. HO-1 Upregulation by Kaempferol via ROS-Dependent Nrf2-ARE Cascade Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Mediated Intercellular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 Expression in Human Pulmonary Alveolar Epithelial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040782. [PMID: 35453467 PMCID: PMC9028455 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung inflammation is a pivotal event in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a key antioxidant enzyme that could be induced by kaempferol (KPR) and exerts anti-inflammatory effects. However, the molecular mechanisms of KPR-mediated HO-1 expression and its effects on inflammatory responses remain unknown in human pulmonary alveolar epithelial cells (HPAEpiCs). This study aimed to verify the relationship between HO-1 expression and KPR treatment in both in vitro and in vivo models. HO-1 expression was determined by real time-PCR, Western blotting, and promoter reporter analyses. The signaling components were investigated by using pharmacological inhibitors or specific siRNAs. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was performed to investigate the interaction between nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor (Nrf2) and antioxidant response elements (ARE) binding site of HO-1 promoter. The effect of KPR on monocytes (THP-1) binding to HPAEpiCs challenged with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) was determined by adhesion assay. We found that KPR-induced HO-1 level attenuated the LPS-induced intercellular cell adhesion protein 1 (ICAM-1) expression in HPAEpiCs. KPR-induced HO-1 mRNA and protein expression also attenuated ICAM-1 expression in mice. Tin protoporphyrin (SnPP)IX reversed the inhibitory effects of KPR in HPAEpiCs. In addition, in HPAEpiCs, KPR-induced HO-1 expression was abolished by both pretreating with the inhibitor of NADPH oxidase (NOX, apocynin (APO)), reactive oxygen species (ROS) (N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC)), Src (Src kinase inhibitor II (Srci II)), Pyk2 (PF431396), protein kinase C (PKC)α (Gö6976), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor (p38i) VIII, or c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK)1/2 (SP600125) and transfection with their respective siRNAs. The transcription of the homx1 gene was enhanced by Nrf2 activated by JNK1/2 and p38α MAPK. The binding activity between Nrf2 and HO-1 promoter was attenuated by APO, NAC, Srci II, PF431396, or Gö6983. KPR-mediated NOX/ROS/c-Src/Pyk2/PKCα/p38α MAPK and JNK1/2 activate Nrf2 to bind with ARE on the HO-1 promoter and induce HO-1 expression, which further suppresses the LPS-mediated inflammation in HPAEpiCs. Thus, KPR exerts a potential strategy to protect against pulmonary inflammation via upregulation of the HO-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Chung Yang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Tao-Yuan, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan;
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan 33302, Taiwan
| | - Li-Der Hsiao
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (L.-D.H.); (C.-Y.W.); (Y.-F.S.); (Y.-W.C.); (R.-L.C.); (H.-C.T.)
| | - Chen-Yu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (L.-D.H.); (C.-Y.W.); (Y.-F.S.); (Y.-W.C.); (R.-L.C.); (H.-C.T.)
| | - Wei-Ning Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 242, Taiwan;
| | - Ya-Fang Shih
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (L.-D.H.); (C.-Y.W.); (Y.-F.S.); (Y.-W.C.); (R.-L.C.); (H.-C.T.)
| | - Yi-Wen Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (L.-D.H.); (C.-Y.W.); (Y.-F.S.); (Y.-W.C.); (R.-L.C.); (H.-C.T.)
| | - Rou-Ling Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (L.-D.H.); (C.-Y.W.); (Y.-F.S.); (Y.-W.C.); (R.-L.C.); (H.-C.T.)
| | - Hui-Ching Tseng
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (L.-D.H.); (C.-Y.W.); (Y.-F.S.); (Y.-W.C.); (R.-L.C.); (H.-C.T.)
| | - Chuen-Mao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan; (L.-D.H.); (C.-Y.W.); (Y.-F.S.); (Y.-W.C.); (R.-L.C.); (H.-C.T.)
- Ph.D. Program for Biotech Pharmaceutical Industry, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Wufeng, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-220-53366 (ext. 2229)
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Glial Purinergic Signaling-Mediated Oxidative Stress (GPOS) in Neuropsychiatric Disorders. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:1075440. [PMID: 35281471 PMCID: PMC8916856 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1075440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) has been implicated in the progression of multiple neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia (SZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder, and autism. However, whether glial purinergic signaling interaction with oxidative/antioxidative system displays an important role in neuropsychiatric disorders is still unclear. In this review, we firstly summarize the oxidative/antioxidative pathways shared in different glial cells and highlight the cell type-specific difference in response to OS. Then, we collect the evidence showing the regulation of purinergic signaling in OS with an emphasis on adenosine and its receptors, P2Y1 receptor in the P2Y family and P2X7receptor in the P2X family. Available data shows that the activation of P1 receptors and P2X accelerates the OS; reversely, the activation of the P2Y family (P2Y1) causes protective effect against OS. Finally, we discuss current findings demonstrating the contribution of the purinergic signaling system to neuropsychiatric disorders and point out the potential role of OS in this process to propose a “glial purinergic-oxidative stress” (“GPOS”) hypothesis for future development of therapeutic strategies against a variety of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Deng Y, Zhou M, Zhao X, Xue X, Liao L, Wang J, Li Y. Immune response studies based on P2X7 receptors: A Mini-Review. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:993-999. [PMID: 35100953 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220131091325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation, as a complex immunopathological process, is the organism's natural defense response to the organism against harmful, foreign, and destructive immune or non-immune factors. It is the main pathological form of various diseases, such as tumors, neurodegenerative diseases, periodontitis, alcoholic steatohepatitis, asthma, and other diseases. The P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is widely distributed in vivo and up--regulated in various inflammatory pathological states. Studies have shown that milder chronic inflammation is related to a deficiency or inhibition of P2X7R, which is an indispensable part of the pro-inflammatory mechanism in vivo. P2X7R, a unique subtype of seven purinergic P2X receptors, is an ATP-gated nonselective cationic channel. P2X7R will promote the influx of Ca2+ and the outflow of K+ after being stimulated. The influx of Ca2+ is essential for activating the body's innate immune response and inducing the production of inflammatory factors. This paper reviews the regulation of P2X7R on inflammation from the perspectives of innate immunity and adaptive immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Deng
- State Key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of pharmacy, Chengdu university of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Key laboratory of standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Mengting Zhou
- State Key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of pharmacy, Chengdu university of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Key laboratory of standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xingtao Zhao
- State Key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of pharmacy, Chengdu university of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Key laboratory of standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xinyan Xue
- State Key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of pharmacy, Chengdu university of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Key laboratory of standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Li Liao
- State Key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of pharmacy, Chengdu university of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137,
- Key laboratory of standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jing Wang
- State Key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of pharmacy, Chengdu university of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Key laboratory of standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yunxia Li
- State Key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu 611137, China
- School of pharmacy, Chengdu university of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
- Key laboratory of standardization for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611137, China
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Silva Neto GJ, Silva LR, Omena RJMD, Aguiar ACC, Annunciato Y, Rosseto B, Gazarini ML, Heimfarth L, Quintans-Júnior LJ, Ferreira E, Meneghetti MR. Dual Quinoline-Hybrid Compounds with Antimalarial Activity Against Plasmodium falciparum Parasites. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj05598d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although we have at our disposal relatively low-cost drugs that can be prescribed for the treatment of malaria, the prevalence of resistant strains of the causative parasite has required the...
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To inhibit or to boost the ATP/P2RX7 pathway to fight cancer-that is the question. Purinergic Signal 2021; 17:619-631. [PMID: 34347213 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-021-09811-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite new biological insights and recent therapeutic advances, many tumors remain at baseline during treatments. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new therapeutic strategies to improve the care of patients with solid tumors. P2RX7 receptor (P2XR7), an ATP-gated ion channel characterized by its ability to form large pore within the cell membrane, is described by most of the investigators as a "chef d'orchestre" of the antitumor immune response. The purpose of this review is to detail the recent information concerning different cellular mechanisms linking P2RX7 to hallmarks of cancer and to discuss different progresses in elucidating how activation of the ATP/P2RX7/NLRP3/IL-18 pathway is a very promising approach to fight cancer progression by increasing antitumor immune responses.
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Wang G, Chen S, Shao Z, Li Y, Wang W, Mao L, Li J, Mei X. Metformin alleviates hydrogen peroxide-induced inflammation and oxidative stress via inhibiting P2X7R signaling in spinal cord tissue cells neurons. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2021; 99:768-774. [PMID: 33201730 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Metformin, the first medication that is often prescribed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus, was recently found to be neuroprotective. To study the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effect of metformin, we pretreated primary spinal cord neurons with 50 µM or 100 µM metformin for 2 h prior to treatment with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for up to 48 h. Our results showed that H2O2 increased the expression of purinergic receptor P2X7 (P2X7R) in spinal cord neurons, which promoted the downstream pro-inflammatory cytokines release and oxidative stress. We found that metformin could reverse these pro-inflammatory and pro-oxidative effects of H2O2. Besides, P2X7R knockdown by siRNA suppressed H2O2-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine release and oxidative stress response. In conclusion, our results show that metformin can alleviate H2O2-induced inflammation and oxidative stress via modulating the P2X7R signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, 121000, China
- Department of Orthopedic, Maanshan People's Hospital, Ma'anshan City, China
| | - Shurui Chen
- Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, 121000, China
| | - Zhenya Shao
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, 121000, China
| | - Yankun Li
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, 121000, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, 121000, China
| | - Liang Mao
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Medical Tissue Engineering of Liaoning Province, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Orthopedic, Maanshan People's Hospital, Ma'anshan City, China
| | - Xifan Mei
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou City, 121000, China
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Ermakov EA, Dmitrieva EM, Parshukova DA, Kazantseva DV, Vasilieva AR, Smirnova LP. Oxidative Stress-Related Mechanisms in Schizophrenia Pathogenesis and New Treatment Perspectives. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8881770. [PMID: 33552387 PMCID: PMC7847339 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8881770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is recognized to be a highly heterogeneous disease at various levels, from genetics to clinical manifestations and treatment sensitivity. This heterogeneity is also reflected in the variety of oxidative stress-related mechanisms contributing to the phenotypic realization and manifestation of schizophrenia. At the molecular level, these mechanisms are supposed to include genetic causes that increase the susceptibility of individuals to oxidative stress and lead to gene expression dysregulation caused by abnormal regulation of redox-sensitive transcriptional factors, noncoding RNAs, and epigenetic mechanisms favored by environmental insults. These changes form the basis of the prooxidant state and lead to altered redox signaling related to glutathione deficiency and impaired expression and function of redox-sensitive transcriptional factors (Nrf2, NF-κB, FoxO, etc.). At the cellular level, these changes lead to mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic abnormalities that contribute to aberrant neuronal development, abnormal myelination, neurotransmitter anomalies, and dysfunction of parvalbumin-positive interneurons. Immune dysfunction also contributes to redox imbalance. At the whole-organism level, all these mechanisms ultimately contribute to the manifestation and development of schizophrenia. In this review, we consider oxidative stress-related mechanisms and new treatment perspectives associated with the correction of redox imbalance in schizophrenia. We suggest that not only antioxidants but also redox-regulated transcription factor-targeting drugs (including Nrf2 and FoxO activators or NF-κB inhibitors) have great promise in schizophrenia. But it is necessary to develop the stratification criteria of schizophrenia patients based on oxidative stress-related markers for the administration of redox-correcting treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny A. Ermakov
- Laboratory of Repair Enzymes, Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Elena M. Dmitrieva
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634014, Russia
| | - Daria A. Parshukova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634014, Russia
| | | | | | - Liudmila P. Smirnova
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk 634014, Russia
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Deng H, Zhang Y, Li GG, Yu HH, Bai S, Guo GY, Guo WL, Ma Y, Wang JH, Liu N, Pan C, Tang ZP. P2X7 receptor activation aggravates NADPH oxidase 2-induced oxidative stress after intracerebral hemorrhage. Neural Regen Res 2021; 16:1582-1591. [PMID: 33433488 PMCID: PMC8323669 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.303036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a crucial pathological process that contributes to secondary injury following intracerebral hemorrhage. P2X7 receptor (P2X7R), which is activated by the abnormal accumulation of extracellular ATP, plays an important role in the regulation of oxidative stress in the central nervous system, although the effects of activated P2X7R-associated oxidative stress after intracerebral hemorrhage remain unclear. Mouse models of intracerebral hemorrhage were established through the stereotactic injection of 0.075 U VII collagenase into the right basal ganglia. The results revealed that P2X7R expression peaked 24 hours after intracerebral hemorrhage, and P2X7R expressed primarily in neurons. The inhibition of P2X7R, using A438079 (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2 (NOX2) expression and malondialdehyde generation, increased superoxide dismutase and glutathione/oxidized glutathione levels, and alleviated neurological damage, brain edema, and apoptosis after intracellular hemorrhage. The P2X7R inhibitor A438079 (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) inhibited the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) after intracerebral hemorrhage. Blocking ERK1/2 activation, using the ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 (2 µg, intraventricular injection), reduced the level of NOX2-mediated oxidative stress induced by P2X7R activation after intracellular hemorrhage. Similarly, the inhibition of NF-κB, using the NF-κB inhibitor JSH-23 (3.5 µg, intraventricular), reduced the level of NOX2-mediated oxidative stress induced by P2X7R activation. Finally, GSK2795039 (100 mg/kg, intraperitoneal), a NOX2 antagonist, attenuated P2X7R-mediated oxidative stress, neurological damage, and brain edema after intracerebral hemorrhage. The results indicated that P2X7R activation aggravated NOX2-induced oxidative stress through the activation of the ERK1/2 and NF-κB pathways following intracerebral hemorrhage in mice. The present study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China (approval No. TJ-A20160805) on August 26, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Deng
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Gai-Gai Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hai-Han Yu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shuang Bai
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Guang-Yu Guo
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Wen-Liang Guo
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yang Ma
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jia-Hui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Na Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Chao Pan
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhou-Ping Tang
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Akt3 induces oxidative stress and DNA damage by activating the NADPH oxidase via phosphorylation of p47 phox. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:28806-28815. [PMID: 33139577 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2017830117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Akt activation up-regulates the intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by inhibiting ROS scavenging. Of the Akt isoforms, Akt3 has also been shown to up-regulate ROS by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis. Here, we employ a set of isogenic cell lines that express different Akt isoforms, to show that the most robust inducer of ROS is Akt3. As a result, Akt3-expressing cells activate the DNA damage response pathway, express high levels of p53 and its direct transcriptional target miR-34, and exhibit a proliferation defect, which is rescued by the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine. The importance of the DNA damage response in the inhibition of cell proliferation by Akt3 was confirmed by Akt3 overexpression in p53 -/- and INK4a -/-/Arf -/- mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs), which failed to inhibit cell proliferation, despite the induction of high levels of ROS. The induction of ROS by Akt3 is due to the phosphorylation of the NADPH oxidase subunit p47phox, which results in NADPH oxidase activation. Expression of Akt3 in p47 phox-/- MEFs failed to induce ROS and to inhibit cell proliferation. Notably, the proliferation defect was rescued by wild-type p47phox, but not by the phosphorylation site mutant of p47phox In agreement with these observations, Akt3 up-regulates p53 in human cancer cell lines, and the expression of Akt3 positively correlates with the levels of p53 in a variety of human tumors. More important, Akt3 alterations correlate with a higher frequency of mutation of p53, suggesting that tumor cells may adapt to high levels of Akt3, by inactivating the DNA damage response.
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Lara R, Adinolfi E, Harwood CA, Philpott M, Barden JA, Di Virgilio F, McNulty S. P2X7 in Cancer: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutics. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:793. [PMID: 32581786 PMCID: PMC7287489 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
P2X7 is a transmembrane receptor expressed in multiple cell types including neurons, dendritic cells, macrophages, monocytes, B and T cells where it can drive a wide range of physiological responses from pain transduction to immune response. Upon activation by its main ligand, extracellular ATP, P2X7 can form a nonselective channel for cations to enter the cell. Prolonged activation of P2X7, via high levels of extracellular ATP over an extended time period can lead to the formation of a macropore, leading to depolarization of the plasma membrane and ultimately to cell death. Thus, dependent on its activation state, P2X7 can either drive cell survival and proliferation, or induce cell death. In cancer, P2X7 has been shown to have a broad range of functions, including playing key roles in the development and spread of tumor cells. It is therefore unsurprising that P2X7 has been reported to be upregulated in several malignancies. Critically, ATP is present at high extracellular concentrations in the tumor microenvironment (TME) compared to levels observed in normal tissues. These high levels of ATP should present a survival challenge for cancer cells, potentially leading to constitutive receptor activation, prolonged macropore formation and ultimately to cell death. Therefore, to deliver the proven advantages for P2X7 in driving tumor survival and metastatic potential, the P2X7 macropore must be tightly controlled while retaining other functions. Studies have shown that commonly expressed P2X7 splice variants, distinct SNPs and post-translational receptor modifications can impair the capacity of P2X7 to open the macropore. These receptor modifications and potentially others may ultimately protect cancer cells from the negative consequences associated with constitutive activation of P2X7. Significantly, the effects of both P2X7 agonists and antagonists in preclinical tumor models of cancer demonstrate the potential for agents modifying P2X7 function, to provide innovative cancer therapies. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding of the structure and functions of P2X7 and how these impact P2X7 roles in cancer progression. We also review potential therapeutic approaches directed against P2X7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Lara
- Biosceptre (UK) Limited, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Adinolfi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Catherine A Harwood
- Centre for Cell Biology and Cutaneous Research, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mike Philpott
- Centre for Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Bart's & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Francesco Di Virgilio
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Sessa F, Messina G, Russo R, Salerno M, Castruccio Castracani C, Distefano A, Li Volti G, Calogero AE, Cannarella R, Mongioi' LM, Condorelli RA, La Vignera S. Consequences on aging process and human wellness of generation of nitrogen and oxygen species during strenuous exercise. Aging Male 2020; 23:14-22. [PMID: 29950140 DOI: 10.1080/13685538.2018.1482866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Impairment of antioxidant defense system and increase in metabolic rate and production of reactive oxygen species have been demonstrated in strenuous exercise. Both at rest and during contractile activity, skeletal muscle generates a very complex set of reactive nitrogen and oxygen species; the main generated are superoxide and nitric oxide. The nature of the contractile activity influences the pattern and the magnitude of this reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS) generation. The intracellular pro-oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis undergoes alteration owing to strenuous exercise and the major identified sources of intracellular free radical generation during physical activity are the mitochondrial electron transport chain, polymorphoneutrophil, and xanthine oxidase. Reactive oxygen species increased tissue susceptibility to oxidative damage and pose a serious threat to the cellular antioxidant defense system. The possible dangerous consequences of the aging process and human wellness are emphasized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Sessa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Raffaele Russo
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Pellegrini Hospital, Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Salerno
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | - Alfio Distefano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Li Volti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Aldo E Calogero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rossella Cannarella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Laura M Mongioi'
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosita A Condorelli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sandro La Vignera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Blockade of c-Src Within the Paraventricular Nucleus Attenuates Inflammatory Cytokines and Oxidative Stress in the Mechanism of the TLR4 Signal Pathway in Salt-Induced Hypertension. Neurosci Bull 2019; 36:385-395. [PMID: 31641986 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-019-00435-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and cellular Src (c-Src) are closely associated with inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in hypertension, so we designed this study to explore the exact role of c-Src in the mechanism of action of the TLR4 signaling pathway in salt-induced hypertension. Salt-sensitive rats were given a high salt diet for 10 weeks to induce hypertension. This resulted in higher levels of TLR4, activated c-Src, pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, and arterial pressure. Infusion of a TLR4 blocker into the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) decreased the activated c-Src, while microinjection of a c-Src inhibitor attenuated the PVN levels of nuclear factor-kappa B, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress. Our findings suggest that a long-term high-salt diet increases TLR4 expression in the PVN and this promotes the activation of c-Src, which upregulates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and results in the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. Therefore, inhibiting central c-Src activity may be a new target for treating hypertension.
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Kopp R, Krautloher A, Ramírez-Fernández A, Nicke A. P2X7 Interactions and Signaling - Making Head or Tail of It. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:183. [PMID: 31440138 PMCID: PMC6693442 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular adenine nucleotides play important roles in cell-cell communication and tissue homeostasis. High concentrations of extracellular ATP released by dying cells are sensed as a danger signal by the P2X7 receptor, a non-specific cation channel. Studies in P2X7 knockout mice and numerous disease models have demonstrated an important role of this receptor in inflammatory processes. P2X7 activation has been shown to induce a variety of cellular responses that are not usually associated with ion channel function, for example changes in the plasma membrane composition and morphology, ectodomain shedding, activation of lipases, kinases, and transcription factors, as well as cytokine release and apoptosis. In contrast to all other P2X family members, the P2X7 receptor contains a long intracellular C-terminus that constitutes 40% of the whole protein and is considered essential for most of these effects. So far, over 50 different proteins have been identified to physically interact with the P2X7 receptor. However, few of these interactions have been confirmed in independent studies and for the majority of these proteins, the interaction domains and the physiological consequences of the interactions are only poorly described. Also, while the structure of the P2X7 extracellular domain has recently been resolved, information about the organization and structure of its C-terminal tail remains elusive. After shortly describing the structure and assembly of the P2X7 receptor, this review gives an update of the identified or proposed interaction domains within the P2X7 C-terminus, describes signaling pathways in which this receptor has been involved, and provides an overlook of the identified interaction partners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Kopp
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Krautloher
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Antonio Ramírez-Fernández
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Annette Nicke
- Walther Straub Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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19
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Wang X, Zhang ZF, Zheng GH, Wang AM, Sun CH, Qin SP, Zhuang J, Lu J, Ma DF, Zheng YL. Attenuation of hepatic steatosis by purple sweet potato colour is associated with blocking Src/ERK/C/EBPβ signalling in high-fat-diet–treated mice. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Our previous work showed that purple sweet potato colour (PSPC), a class of naturally occurring anthocyanins, effectively improved hepatic glucose metabolic dysfunction in high-fat-diet (HFD)–treated mice. This study investigated the effects of PSPC on HFD-induced hepatic steatosis and the signalling events associated with these effects. Mice were divided into 4 groups: control group, HFD group, HFD+PSPC group, and PSPC group. PSPC was administered daily for 20 weeks at oral doses of 700 mg/(kg·day)−1). Our results showed that PSPC significantly improved obesity and related metabolic parameters, as well as liver injury in HFD-treated mice. Moreover, PSPC dramatically attenuated hepatic steatosis in HFD-treated mice. PSPC markedly prevented oxidative stress-mediated Src activation in HFD-treated mouse livers. Furthermore, PSPC feeding remarkably suppressed mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (MEK/ERK) signalling and consequent CCAAT/enhancer binding protein β (C/EBPβ) activation and restored AMPK activation in HFD-treated mouse livers, which was confirmed by U0126 treatment. Ultimately, PSPC feeding dramatically reduced protein expression of FAS and CD36 and the activation of ACC, and increased the protein expression of CPT1A in the livers of HFD-treated mice, indicating decreased lipogenesis and fatty acid uptake and enhanced fatty acid oxidation. In conclusion, PSPC exhibited beneficial effects on hepatic steatosis, which were associated with blocking Src and C/EBPβ activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province 221116, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Sweetpotato, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou 221131, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Zi-Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province 221116, PR China
| | - Gui-Hong Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province 221116, PR China
| | - Ai-Min Wang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province 221116, PR China
| | - Chun-Hui Sun
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province 221116, PR China
| | - Su-Ping Qin
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province 221116, PR China
| | - Juan Zhuang
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province 221116, PR China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province 221116, PR China
| | - Dai-Fu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Sweetpotato, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Center, Xuzhou 221131, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Yuan-Lin Zheng
- Key Laboratory for Biotechnology on Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, School of Life Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu Province 221116, PR China
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20
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Cheshmehkani A, Senatorov IS, Dhuguru J, Ghoneim O, Moniri NH. Free-fatty acid receptor-4 (FFA4) modulates ROS generation and COX-2 expression via the C-terminal β-arrestin phosphosensor in Raw 264.7 macrophages. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 146:139-150. [PMID: 28943238 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Agonism of the G protein-coupled free-fatty acid receptor-4 (FFA4) has been shown to promote numerous anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages that arise due to interaction with β-arrestin partner proteins. Humans express functionally distinct short and long FFA4 splice variants, such that FFA4-S signals through Gαq/11 and β-arrestin, while FFA4-L is intrinsically biased solely towards β-arrestin signaling. Recently, we and others have shown that phosphorylation of the FFA4 C-terminal tail is responsible for β-arrestin interactability and signaling. Given the significance of β-arrestin in the anti-inflammatory function of FFA4, the goal of this study was to examine the role of the C-terminal β-arrestin phosphosensor in FFA4 signaling induced by PMA and LPS in murine Raw 264.7 macrophages. Our data reveal for the first time that both FFA4 isoforms modulate PMA-induced ROS generation, and that abolishment of the FFA4-S, but not FFA4-L C-terminal phosphosensor, is detrimental to this effect. Furthermore, we show that while both isoforms reduce PMA-induced expression of COX-2, removal of the FFA4-S phosphosensor significantly decreases this response, suggesting that these effects of FFA4-S are β-arrestin mediated. On the contrary, FFA4-S, as well as the truncated C-terminal congener lacking the β-arrestin phosphosensor were both able to reduce LPS-induced NF-κB activity and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. However, FFA4-L and its corresponding mutant were incapable of modulating either, suggesting that these responses are mediated by G protein coupling. Taken together, our data reveal important structure-function and signaling differences between the two FFA4 isoforms, and for the first time link FFA4 to modulation of ROS in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ameneh Cheshmehkani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Ilya S Senatorov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA
| | - Jyothi Dhuguru
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Saint Joseph, Hartford, CT 06103, USA
| | - Ola Ghoneim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Saint Joseph, Hartford, CT 06103, USA
| | - Nader H Moniri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Mercer University Health Sciences Center, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
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Wang H, Luo J, Carlton C, McGinnis LK, Kinsey WH. Sperm-oocyte contact induces outside-in signaling via PYK2 activation. Dev Biol 2017; 428:52-62. [PMID: 28527703 PMCID: PMC5539980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Fertilization is a multi-step process that begins with plasma membrane interactions that enable sperm - oocyte binding followed by fusion of the sperm and oocyte plasma membranes. Once membrane fusion has occurred, sperm incorporation involves actin remodeling events within the oocyte cortex that allow the sperm head to penetrate the cortical actin layer and gain access to the ooplasm. Despite the significance for reproduction, the control mechanisms involved in gamete binding, fusion, and sperm incorporation are poorly understood. While it is known that proline - rich tyrosine kinase 2 (PYK2 or PTK2b) kinase activity plays an important role in fertilization, its specific function has not been addressed. The present study made use of a zona-free mouse oocyte fertilization assay to investigate the relationship between PYK2 activity and sperm - oocyte binding and fusion, as well as localized changes in actin polymerization and sperm incorporation. In this assay, the majority of bound sperm had no apparent effect on the oocyte and only a few became incorporated into the ooplasm. However, a subset of bound sperm were associated with a localized response in which PYK2 was recruited to the oocyte cortex where it frequently co-localized with a ring or disk of f-actin. The frequency of sperm-oocyte binding sites that exhibited this actin response was reduced in pyk2-/- oocytes and the pyk2-/- oocytes proved less efficient at incorporating sperm, indicating that this protein kinase may have an important role in sperm incorporation. The response of PYK2 to sperm-oocyte interaction appeared unrelated to gamete fusion since PYK2 was recruited to sperm - binding sites under conditions where sperm - oocyte fusion was prevented and since PYK2 suppression or ablation did not prevent sperm - oocyte fusion. While a direct correlation between the PYK2 response in the oocyte and the successful incorporation of individual bound sperm remains to be established, these findings suggest a model in which the oocyte is not a passive participant in fertilization, but instead responds to sperm contact by localized PYK2 signaling that promotes actin remodeling events required to physically incorporate the sperm head into the ooplasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Wang
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Univ. of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Jinping Luo
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Univ. of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA; Applied StemCell Inc., Milpitas, CA 95035, USA
| | - Carol Carlton
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Univ. of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
| | - Lynda K McGinnis
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - William H Kinsey
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Univ. of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
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22
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Qian Y, Xu S, Yang X, Xiao Q. Purinergic receptor P2Y6 contributes to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced oxidative stress and cell death in neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. J Neurosci Res 2017; 96:253-264. [PMID: 28752899 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and neural degeneration have been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). The P2Y6 purinergic receptor (P2Y6R) has been shown to participate in the activation of microglia and the production of pro-inflammatory factors induced by lipopolysaccharide to cause neuronal loss. However, the function of P2Y6R during oxidative stress in neurons is unclear. In the present study, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+ ) treatment increased the level of UDP/P2Y6R on neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. Importantly, pharmacological inhibition of P2Y6R or knockdown of P2Y6R using a siRNA exerted an increased protective effect by preventing MPP+ -induced increases in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide anion, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and down-regulation of superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) expression. UDP, an agonist of P2Y6R, enhanced the effects of MPP+ , which was also inhibited by apyrase or MRS2578. Additionally, P2Y6R knockdown also significantly reversed both the loss of cell viability and the increase in the levels of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (p-ERK1/2) and p38 (p-p38) caused by MPP+ stimulation. However, the inhibition of the ERK1/2 and p38 kinase signaling pathways had no effect on P2Y6R expression. Taken together, these results support the hypothesis that P2Y6R expressed on neuronal SH-SY5Y cell is associated with the progression of oxidative stress and cell death induced by MPP+ , suggesting that P2Y6R may play an important role in the pathogenesis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Qian
- Department of Neurology & Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Shaoqing Xu
- Department of Neurology & Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xiaodong Yang
- Department of Neurology & Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Qin Xiao
- Department of Neurology & Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
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P2X7 Participates in Intracerebral Hemorrhage-Induced Secondary Brain Injury in Rats via MAPKs Signaling Pathways. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:2372-2383. [PMID: 28488233 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2257-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to study the role of P2X7 in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH)-induced secondary brain injury (SBI) and the underlying mechanisms. An autologous blood injection was used to induce ICH model in Sprague-Dawley rats, and cultured primary rat cortical neurons were exposed to oxyhemoglobin to mimic ICH in vitro. siRNA interference and over-expression of P2X7, agonists and antagonists of P2X7, p38 MAPK and ERK were exploited. The protein levels were assessed using Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining and Fluoro-Jade B were conducted to detect apoptotic and degenerating neurons. The protein levels of P2X7, phosphorylated p38, ERK, active caspase-3 and NF-κB were significantly increased by ICH, which could be further increased by BzATP (P2X7 agonist) and reduced by BBG (P2X7 antagonist). And BzATP demonstrated a significant increase in cell death ratio and brain water content, while BBG led to a reverse results. In addition, Over- P2X7 increased the levels of P2X7, phosphorylated p38, ERK, active caspase-3 and NF-κB, and aggravated cell apoptosis, while si P2X7 resulted in opposite effects. Finally, the protein levels of phosphorylated P38 and active caspase 3 were decreased by BzATP plus Hydrochloride (p38 MAPK antagonist) and increased vy BBG plus Asiatic acid (p38 MAPK agonist), while the protein levels of phosphorylated ERK and NF-κB were decreased with BzATP plus Nimbolide (ERK antagonist) and increased with BBG plus Saikosaponin C (ERK agonist). This study demonstrates that inhibition of P2X7 could prevent ICH-induced SBI via MAPKs signaling pathway.
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Leyva-Grado VH, Ermler ME, Schotsaert M, Gonzalez MG, Gillespie V, Lim JK, García-Sastre A. Contribution of the Purinergic Receptor P2X7 to Development of Lung Immunopathology during Influenza Virus Infection. mBio 2017; 8:e00229-17. [PMID: 28351919 PMCID: PMC5371412 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00229-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
An exacerbated immune response is one of the main causes of influenza-induced lung damage during infection. The molecular mechanisms regulating the fate of the initial immune response to infection, either as a protective response or as detrimental immunopathology, are not well understood. The purinergic receptor P2X7 is an ionotropic nucleotide-gated ion channel receptor expressed on immune cells that has been implicated in induction and maintenance of excessive inflammation. Here, we analyze the role of this receptor in a mouse model of influenza virus infection using a receptor knockout (KO) mouse strain. Our results demonstrate that the absence of the P2X7 receptor results in a better outcome to influenza virus infection characterized by reduced weight loss and increased survival upon experimental influenza challenge compared to wild-type mice. This effect was not virus strain specific. Overall lung pathology and apoptosis were reduced in virus-infected KO mice. Production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines such as interleukin-10 (IL-10), gamma interferon (IFN-γ), and CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) was also reduced in the lungs of the infected KO mice. Infiltration of neutrophils and depletion of CD11b+ macrophages, characteristic of severe influenza virus infection in mice, were lower in the KO animals. Together, these results demonstrate that activation of the P2X7 receptor is involved in the exacerbated immune response observed during influenza virus infection.IMPORTANCE A hallmark of influenza virus infection is the development of lung pathology induced by an exacerbated immune response. The mechanisms shared by the antiviral host defense required for viral clearance and those required for development of immunopathology are not clearly understood. Purinergic receptors, and in particular the purinergic receptor P2X7 (P2X7r), are involved in activation of the immune response. We used mice lacking the P2X7r (P2X7r KO mice) to better understand the mechanisms that lead to development of lung pathology during influenza virus infection. In our studies, we observed that P2X7r KO mice developed less lung immunopathology and had better survival than the wild-type mice. These results implicate P2X7r in the induction of an exacerbated local immune response to influenza virus and help us to better understand the mechanisms leading to the lung immunopathology observed during severe viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor H Leyva-Grado
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Megan E Ermler
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael Schotsaert
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ma G Gonzalez
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Virginia Gillespie
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jean K Lim
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adolfo García-Sastre
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Global Health and Emerging Pathogens Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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25
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Pérez-Flores G, Hernández-Silva C, Gutiérrez-Escobedo G, De Las Peñas A, Castaño I, Arreola J, Pérez-Cornejo P. P2X7 from j774 murine macrophages acts as a scavenger receptor for bacteria but not yeast. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 481:19-24. [PMID: 27833023 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We studied the effects of extracellular ATP and Ca2+ on uptake of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus or Escherichia coli) and live yeast (Candida glabrata) by J774 macrophages to determine the role of endogenous P2X7 receptors in phagocytosis. Our findings show that phagocytosis of bio-particles coated with S. aureus or E. coli was blocked by ATP and the P2X7 receptor agonist BzATP, while yeast phagocytosis was not. A438079, an antagonist of P2X7 receptors, partially reverted the effects of ATP on bacterial phagocytosis. To determine if P2X7-mediated Ca2+ entry into macrophages was blocking the engulfment of bacteria, we measured phagocytic activity in the absence or presence of 2 mM extracellular Ca2+ with or without ATP. Ca2+, in the absence of ATP, was required for engulfment of E. coli and C. glabrata but not S. aureus. Adding ATP inhibited phagocytosis of S. aureus and E. coli regardless of Ca2+, suggesting that Ca2+ entry was not important for inhibiting phagocytosis. On the other hand, phagocytosis of normal or hyper-adherent C. glabrata mutants had an absolute requirement for extracellular Ca2+ due to yeast adhesion to macrophages mediated by Ca2+-dependent adhesion proteins. We conclude that unstimulated P2X7 from J774 cells act as scavenger receptor for the uptake of S. aureus and E. coli but not of yeast; Ca2+ entry via P2X7 receptors play no role in phagocytosis of S. aureus and E. coli; while the effect of Ca2+ on C. glabrata phagocytosis was mediated by the adhesins Epa1, Epa6 and Epa7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Pérez-Flores
- Unidad Académica Multidisciplinaria Zona Huasteca, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, Cd. Valles, SLP 79060, Mexico
| | - Cesar Hernández-Silva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, SLP 78210, Mexico
| | | | | | - Irene Castaño
- División de Biología Molecular, IPICYT, San Luis Potosí, SLP 78216, Mexico
| | - Jorge Arreola
- Institute of Physics, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, SLP 78290, Mexico
| | - Patricia Pérez-Cornejo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, SLP 78210, Mexico.
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26
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Jiang T, Sun Q, Chen S. Oxidative stress: A major pathogenesis and potential therapeutic target of antioxidative agents in Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Prog Neurobiol 2016; 147:1-19. [PMID: 27769868 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 425] [Impact Index Per Article: 53.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the overproduction and incorporation of free radicals and the dynamic ability of a biosystem to detoxify reactive intermediates. Free radicals produced by oxidative stress are one of the common features in several experimental models of diseases. Free radicals affect both the structure and function of neural cells, and contribute to a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Although the precise mechanisms that result in the degeneration of neurons and the relevant pathological changes remain unclear, the crucial role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases is associated with several proteins (such as α-synuclein, DJ-1, Amyloid β and tau protein) and some signaling pathways (such as extracellular regulated protein kinases, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Protein Kinase B pathway and extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2) that are tightly associated with the neural damage. In this review, we present evidence, gathered over the last decade, concerning a variety of pathogenic proteins, their important signaling pathways and pathogenic mechanisms associated with oxidative stress in Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Proper control and regulation of these proteins' functions and the related signaling pathways may be a promising therapeutic approach to the patients. We also emphasizes antioxidative options, including some new neuroprotective agents that eliminate excess reactive oxygen species efficiently and have a certain therapeutic effect; however, controversy surrounds some of them in terms of the dose and length of therapy. These agents require further investigation by clinical application in patients suffering Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianfang Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Qian Sun
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shengdi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Neurology and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Institute of Health Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science & Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
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27
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Conte A, Kisslinger A, Procaccini C, Paladino S, Oliviero O, de Amicis F, Faicchia D, Fasano D, Caputo M, Matarese G, Pierantoni GM, Tramontano D. Convergent Effects of Resveratrol and PYK2 on Prostate Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17091542. [PMID: 27649143 PMCID: PMC5037816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol, a dietary polyphenol, is under consideration as chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agent for several diseases, including cancer. However, its mechanisms of action and its effects on non-tumor cells, fundamental to understand its real efficacy as chemopreventive agent, remain largely unknown. Proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (PYK2), a non-receptor tyrosine kinase acting as signaling mediator of different stimuli, behaves as tumor-suppressor in prostate. Since, PYK2 and RSV share several fields of interaction, including oxidative stress, we have investigated their functional relationship in human non-transformed prostate EPN cells and in their tumor-prone counterpart EPN-PKM, expressing a PYK2 dead-kinase mutant. We show that RSV has a strong biological activity in both cell lines, decreasing ROS production, inducing morphological changes and reversible growth arrest, and activating autophagy but not apoptosis. Interestingly, the PYK2 mutant increases basal ROS and autophagy levels, and modulates the intensity of RSV effects. In particular, the anti-oxidant effect of RSV is more potent in EPN than in EPN-PKM, whereas its anti-proliferative and pro-autophagic effects are more significant in EPN-PKM. Consistently, PYK2 depletion by RNAi replicates the effects of the PKM mutant. Taken together, our results reveal that PYK2 and RSV act on common cellular pathways and suggest that RSV effects on prostate cells may depend on mutational-state or expression levels of PYK2 that emerges as a possible mediator of RSV mechanisms of action. Moreover, the observation that resveratrol effects are reversible and not associated to apoptosis in tumor-prone EPN-PKM cells suggests caution for its use in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Conte
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Endocrinology, National Research Council of Italy, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Kisslinger
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Endocrinology, National Research Council of Italy, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Claudio Procaccini
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Endocrinology, National Research Council of Italy, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Simona Paladino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
- Centro di Ingegneria Genetica (CEINGE)-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Olimpia Oliviero
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials, National Research Council of Italy, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesca de Amicis
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
- Department of Pharmacy, Health Science and Nutrition, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| | - Deriggio Faicchia
- Department of Medical and Translational Science, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Dominga Fasano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Marilena Caputo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Matarese
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Maria Pierantoni
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Donatella Tramontano
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
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28
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Chaves MM, Canetti C, Coutinho-Silva R. Crosstalk between purinergic receptors and lipid mediators in leishmaniasis. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:489. [PMID: 27595742 PMCID: PMC5011846 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1781-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease affecting millions of people around the world caused by organisms of the genus Leishmania. Parasite escape mechanisms of the immune system confer the possibility of resistance and dissemination of the disease. A group of molecules that has become a target for Leishmania survival strategies are lipid mediators. Among them, leukotriene B4 (LTB4) has been described as a pro-inflammatory molecule capable of activating cells of the immune system to combat Leishmania. In an opposite way, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is a lipid mediator described as a deactivator of macrophages and neutrophils. The balance of these two molecules can be generated by extracellular nucleotides, such as adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine (Ado), which activate the purinergic receptors system. Herein, we discuss the role of extracellular nucleotides and the resulting balance of LTB4 and PGE2 in Leishmania fate, survival or death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana M Chaves
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.,Laboratory of Inflammation, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.,National Institute of Translational Research in Health and Environment in the Amazon Region, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Cláudio Canetti
- Laboratory of Inflammation, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.,National Institute of Translational Research in Health and Environment in the Amazon Region, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil. .,National Institute of Translational Research in Health and Environment in the Amazon Region, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
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29
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Haslund-Vinding J, McBean G, Jaquet V, Vilhardt F. NADPH oxidases in oxidant production by microglia: activating receptors, pharmacology and association with disease. Br J Pharmacol 2016; 174:1733-1749. [PMID: 26750203 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Microglia are the resident immune cells of the CNS and constitute a self-sustaining population of CNS-adapted tissue macrophages. As mononuclear phagocytic cells, they express high levels of superoxide-producing NADPH oxidases (NOX). The sole function of the members of the NOX family is to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are believed to be important in CNS host defence and in the redox signalling circuits that shape the different activation phenotypes of microglia. NOX are also important in pathological conditions, where over-generation of ROS contributes to neuronal loss via direct oxidative tissue damage or disruption of redox signalling circuits. In this review, we assess the evidence for involvement of NOX in CNS physiopathology, with particular emphasis on the most important surface receptors that lead to generation of NOX-derived ROS. We evaluate the potential significance of the subcellular distribution of NOX isoforms for redox signalling or release of ROS to the extracellular medium. Inhibitory mechanisms that have been reported to restrain NOX activity in microglia and macrophages in vivo are also discussed. We provide a critical appraisal of frequently used and recently developed NOX inhibitors. Finally, we review the recent literature on NOX and other sources of ROS that are involved in activation of the inflammasome and discuss the potential influence of microglia-derived oxidants on neurogenesis, neural differentiation and culling of surplus progenitor cells. The degree to which excessive, badly timed or misplaced NOX activation in microglia may affect neuronal homeostasis in physiological or pathological conditions certainly merits further investigation. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Redox Biology and Oxidative Stress in Health and Disease. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Haslund-Vinding
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - G McBean
- UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - V Jaquet
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Centre Médical Universitaire, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - F Vilhardt
- Institute of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
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30
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Emerging role of P2X7 receptors in CNS health and disease. Ageing Res Rev 2015; 24:328-42. [PMID: 26478005 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purinergic signalling in the brain is becoming an important focus in the study of CNS health and disease. Various purinergic receptors are found to be present in different brain cells in varying extent, which get activated upon binding of ATP or its analogues. Conventionally, ATP was considered only as a major metabolic fuel of the cell but its recognition as a neurotransmitter in early 1970s, brought meaningful insights in neuron glia crosstalk, participating in various physiological functions in the brain. P2X7R, a member of ligand gated purinergic receptor (P2X) family, is gaining attention in the field of neuroscience because of its emerging role in broad spectrum of ageing and age related neurological disorders. The aim of this review is to provide an overview about the structure and function of P2X7R highlighting its unique features which distinguish it from the other members of its family. This review critically analyzes the literature mentioning the details about the agonist and antagonist of the P2X7R. It also emphasizes the advancements in understanding the dual role of P2X7R in brain development and disorders inviting meaningful insights about its involvement in Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, Multiple Sclerosis, Neuropathic pain, Spinal Cord Injury and NeuroAIDS. Exploring the roles of P2X7R in detail is critical to identify its therapeutic potential in the treatment of acute and chronic neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, this review also helps to raise more interest in the neurobiology of the purinergic receptors and thus providing new avenues for future research.
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31
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Pérez-Flores G, Lévesque SA, Pacheco J, Vaca L, Lacroix S, Pérez-Cornejo P, Arreola J. The P2X7/P2X4 interaction shapes the purinergic response in murine macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 467:484-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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32
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Juárez-Cepeda J, Orta-Zavalza E, Cañas-Villamar I, Arreola-Gómez J, Pérez-Cornejo GP, Hernández-Carballo CY, Gutiérrez-Escobedo G, Castaño I, De Las Peñas A. The EPA2 adhesin encoding gene is responsive to oxidative stress in the opportunistic fungal pathogen Candida glabrata. Curr Genet 2015; 61:529-44. [DOI: 10.1007/s00294-015-0473-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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33
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Role of P2X7 Receptor in an Animal Model of Mania Induced by D-Amphetamine. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 53:611-620. [PMID: 25502294 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-9031-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the association between the P2X7 purinergic receptor (P2X7R) and neuroinflammation using a preclinical model of acute bipolar mania. We analyzed the modulatory effects of P2X7R agonist (3'-O-(4-benzoyl)benzoyl-adenosine 5'-triphosphate, BzATP) and antagonists (brilliant blue, BBG and 3-[[5-(2,3 dichlorophenyl)-1H-tetrazol-1-yl]methyl]pyridine hydrochloride, A438079) on assessments related to behavior (locomotor activity), neuroinflammation (interleukin-1 beta, IL-1β; tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNF-α; and interleukin- 6, IL-6), oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, TBARS) and neuroplasticity (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF) markers in a pharmacological model of mania induced by acute and chronic treatment with D-amphetamine (AMPH) (2 mg/kg) in mice. An apparent lack of responsiveness to AMPH was observed in terms of the locomotor activity in animals with blocked P2X7R or with genetic deletion of P2X7R in knockout (P2X7R(-/-)) mice. Likewise, P2X7R participated in the AMPH-induced increase of the proinflammatory and excitotoxic environment, as demonstrated by the reversal of IL-1β, TNF-α, and TBARS levels caused by P2X7R blocking. Our results support the hypothesis that P2X7R plays a role in the neuroinflammation induced by AMPH in a preclinical model of mania, which could explain the altered behavior. The present data suggest that P2X7R may be a therapeutic target related to the neuroinflammation reported in bipolar disorder.
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34
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Brandes RP, Weissmann N, Schröder K. Nox family NADPH oxidases: Molecular mechanisms of activation. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 76:208-26. [PMID: 25157786 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 492] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 07/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
NADPH oxidases of the Nox family are important enzymatic sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Numerous homologue-specific mechanisms control the activity of this enzyme family involving calcium, free fatty acids, protein-protein interactions, intracellular trafficking, and posttranslational modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation, or sumoylation. After a brief review on the classic pathways of Nox activation, this article will focus on novel mechanisms of homologue-specific activity control and on cell-specific aspects which govern Nox activity. From these findings of the recent years it must be concluded that the activity control of Nox enzymes is much more complex than anticipated. Moreover, depending on the cellular activity state, Nox enzymes are selectively activated or inactivated. The complex upstream signaling aspects of these events make the development of "intelligent" Nox inhibitors plausible, which selectively attenuate disease-related Nox-mediated ROS formation without altering physiological signaling ROS. This approach might be of relevance for Nox-mediated tissue injury in ischemia-reperfusion and inflammation and also for chronic Nox overactivation as present in cancer initiation and cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf P Brandes
- Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Norbert Weissmann
- ECCPS, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Member of the DZL, Giessen, Germany
| | - Katrin Schröder
- Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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35
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McGinnis LK, Pelech S, Kinsey WH. Post-ovulatory aging of oocytes disrupts kinase signaling pathways and lysosome biogenesis. Mol Reprod Dev 2014; 81:928-45. [PMID: 25242074 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Post-ovulatory aging of oocytes results in the progressive loss of fertilization and developmental competence. This degradation of oocyte quality has been the object of numerous investigations, primarily focused on individual signaling pathways which provide limited insight into the status of global signaling events. The purpose of the present investigation was to comprehensively assess broad patterns of signaling pathway activity during in vitro aging as an initial step in defining control points that can be targeted to prevent the reduction in oocyte quality during prolonged culture. An antibody microarray-based phospho-proteome analysis performed on oocytes before and after eight hours of culture revealed significant changes in the abundance or activation state of 43 proteins that function in a wide variety of protein kinase-mediated signaling pathways. Several of the most significantly affected kinases were studied by Western blot and confocal immunofluorescence to corroborate the array results. Prolonged culture resulted in global changes in the abundance and activity of protein kinases that regulate the response to calcium, stress, and cell-cycle control. Examination of intracellular structures revealed a previously unrecognized increase in the abundance of large autophogagic lysosomes, which correlates with changes in protein kinase pathways. These results provide insight into the stresses experienced by oocytes during culture and the diversity of responses that results from them. The observed increase in autophagy-related activity, together with the disruptions in calcium signaling, cell-cycle, and stress-response pathways, have the potential to negatively impact oocyte quality by interfering with the normal sequence of biochemical changes that constitute egg activation following fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynda K McGinnis
- Department Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
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Battistone MA, Alvau A, Salicioni AM, Visconti PE, Da Ros VG, Cuasnicú PS. Evidence for the involvement of proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 in tyrosine phosphorylation downstream of protein kinase A activation during human sperm capacitation. Mol Hum Reprod 2014; 20:1054-66. [PMID: 25180269 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gau073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm capacitation involves an increase in intracellular Ca(2+) concentration as well as in protein kinase A (PKA)-dependent protein tyrosine (Tyr) phosphorylation. Interestingly, in humans, a decrease in extracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]e) during capacitation induces an increase in Tyr phosphorylation indicating the complexity of Ca(2+) signaling during this process. In view of this, in the present study we further investigated the Ca(2+)-mediated signaling pathways implicated in Tyr phosphorylation during human sperm capacitation. Results revealed that sperm incubation in a medium without added Ca(2+) (⊖ Ca(2+)) increased Tyr phosphorylation but did not modify PKA-mediated phosphorylation. Moreover, inhibition of either PKA or Src family kinase signaling cascades in ⊖ Ca(2+) down-regulated both PKA substrate and Tyr phosphorylations, indicating that the [Ca(2+)]e effects on Tyr phosphorylation depend on PKA targets. Inhibition of calmodulin or Ser/Thr protein phosphatase 2B also increased Tyr phosphorylation without affecting PKA-mediated phosphorylation, supporting the potential role of these Ca(2+) downstream effectors in the increase in Tyr phosphorylation observed in ⊖ Ca(2+). Experiments aimed to identify the kinase responsible for these observations revealed the presence of proline-rich tyrosine kinase 2 (PYK2), a focal adhesion kinase (FAK) family member, in human sperm, and the use of PF431396, an FAK inhibitor, supported the involvement of PYK2 in Tyr phosphorylation downstream of PKA activation. Results also showed that PYK2 was activated in ⊖ Ca(2+) as well as during capacitation and that PF431396 affected capacitated sperm motility, acrosome reaction and ability to penetrate both mouse cumulus matrix and zona-free hamster eggs. Together, our observations support PYK2 as an intermediary component of Ca(2+) signaling between PKA-mediated and Tyr phosphorylations that is required for achieving functional human sperm capacitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Battistone
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - A Alvau
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - A M Salicioni
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - P E Visconti
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - V G Da Ros
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina
| | - P S Cuasnicú
- Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IByME-CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires C1428ADN, Argentina
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Revuelta-López E, Castellano J, Roura S, Gálvez-Montón C, Nasarre L, Benitez S, Bayes-Genis A, Badimon L, Llorente-Cortés V. Hypoxia Induces Metalloproteinase-9 Activation and Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration Through Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor–Related Protein 1–Mediated Pyk2 Phosphorylation. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2013; 33:2877-87. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.113.302323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Revuelta-López
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (E.R.-L., J.C., L.N., L.B.); ICREC Research Program, Fundació Institut d´Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain (S.R., C.G.-M., A.B.-G.); and Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B.)
| | - José Castellano
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (E.R.-L., J.C., L.N., L.B.); ICREC Research Program, Fundació Institut d´Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain (S.R., C.G.-M., A.B.-G.); and Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B.)
| | - Santiago Roura
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (E.R.-L., J.C., L.N., L.B.); ICREC Research Program, Fundació Institut d´Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain (S.R., C.G.-M., A.B.-G.); and Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B.)
| | - Carolina Gálvez-Montón
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (E.R.-L., J.C., L.N., L.B.); ICREC Research Program, Fundació Institut d´Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain (S.R., C.G.-M., A.B.-G.); and Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B.)
| | - Laura Nasarre
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (E.R.-L., J.C., L.N., L.B.); ICREC Research Program, Fundació Institut d´Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain (S.R., C.G.-M., A.B.-G.); and Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B.)
| | - Sonia Benitez
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (E.R.-L., J.C., L.N., L.B.); ICREC Research Program, Fundació Institut d´Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain (S.R., C.G.-M., A.B.-G.); and Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B.)
| | - Antoni Bayes-Genis
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (E.R.-L., J.C., L.N., L.B.); ICREC Research Program, Fundació Institut d´Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain (S.R., C.G.-M., A.B.-G.); and Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B.)
| | - Lina Badimon
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (E.R.-L., J.C., L.N., L.B.); ICREC Research Program, Fundació Institut d´Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain (S.R., C.G.-M., A.B.-G.); and Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B.)
| | - Vicenta Llorente-Cortés
- From the Cardiovascular Research Center, CSIC-ICCC, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (E.R.-L., J.C., L.N., L.B.); ICREC Research Program, Fundació Institut d´Investigació en Ciències de la Salut Germans Trias i Pujol (IGTP), Badalona, Spain (S.R., C.G.-M., A.B.-G.); and Cardiovascular Biochemistry Group, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain (S.B.)
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Li Y, He L, Zeng N, Sahu D, Cadenas E, Shearn C, Li W, Stiles BL. Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) signaling regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and respiration via estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα). J Biol Chem 2013; 288:25007-25024. [PMID: 23836899 PMCID: PMC3757167 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.450353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Revised: 06/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial abnormalities are associated with cancer development, yet how oncogenic signals affect mitochondrial functions has not been fully understood. In this study, we investigate the relationship between mitochondrial alterations and PI3K/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling activation using hepatocytes and liver tissues as our experimental models. We show here that liver-specific deletion of Pten, which leads to activation of PI3K/AKT, is associated with elevated oxidative stress, increased mitochondrial mass, and augmented respiration accompanied by enhanced glycolysis. Consistent with these observations, estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα), an orphan nuclear receptor known for its role in mitochondrial biogenesis, is up-regulated in the absence of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN). Our pharmacological and genetic studies show that PI3K/AKT activity regulates the expression of ERRα and mitochondrial biogenesis/respiration. Furthermore, cAMP-response element-binding protein, as a downstream target of AKT, plays a role in the regulation of ERRα, independent of PKA signaling. ERRα regulates reactive oxygen species production, and ERRα knockdown attenuates proliferation and colony-forming potential in Pten-null hepatocytes. Finally, analysis of clinical datasets from liver tissues showed a negative correlation between expressions of ERRα and PTEN in patients with liver cancer. Therefore, this study has established a previously unrecognized link between a growth signal and mitochondrial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- From Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Lina He
- From Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Ni Zeng
- From Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089
| | - Divya Sahu
- Department of Dermatology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck Medical Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, and
| | - Enrique Cadenas
- From Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089,; Biochemistry, Keck School of Medicine, and
| | - Colin Shearn
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado 80045
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Dermatology, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck Medical Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, and
| | - Bangyan L Stiles
- From Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089,; the Departments of Pathology and.
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