1
|
Morito M, Yasuda H, Matsufuji T, Kinoshita M, Matsumori N. Identification of lipid-specific proteins with high-density lipid-immobilized beads. Analyst 2024; 149:3747-3755. [PMID: 38829210 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00579a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
In biological membranes, lipids often interact with membrane proteins (MPs), regulating the localization and activity of MPs in cells. Although elucidating lipid-MP interactions is critical to comprehend the physiological roles of lipids, a systematic and comprehensive identification of lipid-binding proteins has not been adequately established. Therefore, we report the development of lipid-immobilized beads where lipid molecules were covalently immobilized. Owing to the detergent tolerance, these beads enable screening of water-soluble proteins and MPs, the latter of which typically necessitate surfactants for solubilization. Herein, two sphingolipid species-ceramide and sphingomyelin-which are major constituents of lipid rafts, were immobilized on the beads. We first showed that the density of immobilized lipid molecules on the beads was as high as that of biological lipid membranes. Subsequently, we confirmed that these beads enabled the selective pulldown of known sphingomyelin- or ceramide-binding proteins (lysenin, p24, and CERT) from protein mixtures, including cell lysates. In contrast, commercial sphingomyelin beads, on which lipid molecules are sparsely immobilized through biotin-streptavidin linkage, failed to capture lysenin, a well-known protein that recognizes clustered sphingomyelin molecules. This clearly demonstrates the applicability of our beads for obtaining proteins that recognize not only a single lipid molecule but also lipid clusters or lipid membranes. Finally, we demonstrated the screening of lipid-binding proteins from Neuro2a cell lysates using these beads. This method is expected to significantly contribute to the understanding of interactions between lipids and proteins and to unravel the complexities of lipid diversity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Morito
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Yasuda
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Takaaki Matsufuji
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Masanao Kinoshita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| | - Nobuaki Matsumori
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Machy P, Mortier E, Birklé S. Biology of GD2 ganglioside: implications for cancer immunotherapy. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1249929. [PMID: 37670947 PMCID: PMC10475612 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1249929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Part of the broader glycosphingolipid family, gangliosides are composed of a ceramide bound to a sialic acid-containing glycan chain, and locate at the plasma membrane. Gangliosides are produced through sequential steps of glycosylation and sialylation. This diversity of composition is reflected in differences in expression patterns and functions of the various gangliosides. Ganglioside GD2 designates different subspecies following a basic structure containing three carbohydrate residues and two sialic acids. GD2 expression, usually restrained to limited tissues, is frequently altered in various neuroectoderm-derived cancers. While GD2 is of evident interest, its glycolipid nature has rendered research challenging. Physiological GD2 expression has been linked to developmental processes. Passing this stage, varying levels of GD2, physiologically expressed mainly in the central nervous system, affect composition and formation of membrane microdomains involved in surface receptor signaling. Overexpressed in cancer, GD2 has been shown to enhance cell survival and invasion. Furthermore, binding of antibodies leads to immune-independent cell death mechanisms. In addition, GD2 contributes to T-cell dysfunction, and functions as an immune checkpoint. Given the cancer-associated functions, GD2 has been a source of interest for immunotherapy. As a potential biomarker, methods are being developed to quantify GD2 from patients' samples. In addition, various therapeutic strategies are tested. Based on initial success with antibodies, derivates such as bispecific antibodies and immunocytokines have been developed, engaging patient immune system. Cytotoxic effectors or payloads may be redirected based on anti-GD2 antibodies. Finally, vaccines can be used to mount an immune response in patients. We review here the pertinent biological information on GD2 which may be of use for optimizing current immunotherapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stéphane Birklé
- Nantes Université, Univ Angers, INSERM, CNRS, CRCI2NA, Nantes, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bian J, Su X, Yuan X, Zhang Y, Lin J, Li X. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane contact sites: cross-talk between membrane-bound organelles in plant cells. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2023; 74:2956-2967. [PMID: 36847172 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells contain organelles surrounded by monolayer or bilayer membranes. Organelles take part in highly dynamic and organized interactions at membrane contact sites, which play vital roles during development and response to stress. The endoplasmic reticulum extends throughout the cell and acts as an architectural scaffold to maintain the spatial distribution of other membrane-bound organelles. In this review, we highlight the structural organization, dynamics, and physiological functions of membrane contact sites between the endoplasmic reticulum and various membrane-bound organelles, especially recent advances in plants. We briefly introduce how the combined use of dynamic and static imaging techniques can enable monitoring of the cross-talk between organelles via membrane contact sites. Finally, we discuss future directions for research fields related to membrane contact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Bian
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiao Su
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jinxing Lin
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants, Ministry of Education, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Institute of Tree Development and Genome Editing, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wei R, Han C, Wei S, Teng Y, Li L, Liu H, Hu S, Kang B, Xu H. Integrative analysis of transcriptome and lipidome reveals fructose pro-steatosis mechanism in goose fatty liver. Front Nutr 2023; 9:1052600. [PMID: 36704791 PMCID: PMC9871465 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1052600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
To further explore the fructose pro-steatosis mechanism, we performed an integrative analysis of liver transcriptome and lipidome as well as peripheral adipose tissues transcriptome analysis using samples collected from geese overfed with maize flour (control group) and geese overfed with maize flour supplemented with 10% fructose (treatment group). Overfeeding period of the treatment group was significantly shorter than that of the control group (p < 0.05). Dietary supplementation with 10% fructose induced more severe steatosis in goose liver. Compared with the control group, the treatment group had lower in ceramide levels (p < 0.05). The key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (control group vs. treatment group) involved in liver fatty acid biosynthesis and steroid biosynthesis were downregulated. The conjoint analysis between DEGs and different lipids showed that fatty acid biosynthesis and steroid biosynthesis were the highest impact score pathways. In conclusion, fructose expedites goose liver lipid accumulation maximization during overfeeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rongxue Wei
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunchun Han
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Chunchun Han ✉
| | - Shouhai Wei
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongqiang Teng
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hehe Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shengqiang Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Kang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hengyong Xu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China,Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Guo J, Feng J, Qu H, Xu H, Zhou H. Potential Drug Targets for Ceramide Metabolism in Cardiovascular Disease. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9120434. [PMID: 36547431 PMCID: PMC9782850 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9120434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease poses a significant threat to the quality of human life. Metabolic abnormalities caused by excessive caloric intake have been shown to lead to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Ceramides are structural molecules found in biological membranes; they are crucial for cell survival and lipid metabolism, as they maintain barrier function and membrane fluidity. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that ceramide has a strong correlation with cardiovascular disease progression. Nevertheless, it remains a challenge to develop sphingolipids as therapeutic targets to improve the prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we summarize the three synthesis pathways of ceramide and other intermediates that are important in ceramide metabolism. Furthermore, mechanistic studies and therapeutic strategies, including clinical drugs and bioactive molecules based on these intermediates, are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Guo
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiling Feng
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Huiyan Qu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hongxi Xu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Engineering Research Center of Shanghai Colleges for TCM New Drug Discovery, No. 1200, Cailun Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Correspondence: (H.X.); (H.Z.); Tel.: +86-021-5132-3089 (H.X.); +86-021-2025-6770 (H.Z.)
| | - Hua Zhou
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 528, Zhangheng Road, Shanghai 201203, China
- Correspondence: (H.X.); (H.Z.); Tel.: +86-021-5132-3089 (H.X.); +86-021-2025-6770 (H.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Anwar MU, Sergeeva OA, Abrami L, Mesquita FS, Lukonin I, Amen T, Chuat A, Capolupo L, Liberali P, D'Angelo G, van der Goot FG. ER-Golgi-localized proteins TMED2 and TMED10 control the formation of plasma membrane lipid nanodomains. Dev Cell 2022; 57:2334-2346.e8. [PMID: 36174556 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
To promote infections, pathogens exploit host cell machineries such as structural elements of the plasma membrane. Studying these interactions and identifying molecular players are ideal for gaining insights into the fundamental biology of the host cell. Here, we used the anthrax toxin to screen a library of 1,500 regulatory, cell-surface, and membrane trafficking genes for their involvement in the intoxication process. We found that endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi-localized proteins TMED2 and TMED10 are required for toxin oligomerization at the plasma membrane of human cells, an essential step dependent on localization to cholesterol-rich lipid nanodomains. Biochemical, morphological, and mechanistic analyses showed that TMED2 and TMED10 are essential components of a supercomplex that operates the exchange of both cholesterol and ceramides at ER-Golgi membrane contact sites. Overall, this study of anthrax intoxication led to the discovery that lipid compositional remodeling at ER-Golgi interfaces fully controls the formation of functional membrane nanodomains at the cell surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad U Anwar
- Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Oksana A Sergeeva
- Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laurence Abrami
- Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Francisco S Mesquita
- Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ilya Lukonin
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research (FMI), 4058 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Triana Amen
- Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Audrey Chuat
- Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Laura Capolupo
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Prisca Liberali
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research (FMI), 4058 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Giovanni D'Angelo
- Institute of Bioengineering, School of Life Sciences, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - F Gisou van der Goot
- Global Health Institute, School of Life Sciences, EPFL, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hansen J, Siddiq MM, Yadaw AS, Tolentino RE, Rabinovich V, Jayaraman G, Jain MR, Liu T, Li H, Xiong Y, Goldfarb J, Iyengar R. Whole cell response to receptor stimulation involves many deep and distributed subcellular biochemical processes. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102325. [PMID: 35926710 PMCID: PMC9520007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurite outgrowth is an integrated whole cell response triggered by the cannabinoid-1 receptor. We sought to identify the many different biochemical pathways that contribute to this whole cell response. To understand underlying mechanisms, we identified subcellular processes (SCPs) composed of one or more biochemical pathways and their interactions required for this response. Differentially expressed genes and proteins were obtained from bulk transcriptomics and proteomic analysis of extracts from cells stimulated with a cannabinoid-1 receptor agonist. We used these differentially expressed genes and proteins to build networks of interacting SCPs by combining the expression data with prior pathway knowledge. From these SCP networks, we identified additional genes that when ablated, experimentally validated the SCP involvement in neurite outgrowth. Our experiments and informatics modeling allowed us to identify diverse SCPs such as those involved in pyrimidine metabolism, lipid biosynthesis, and mRNA splicing and stability, along with more predictable SCPs such as membrane vesicle transport and microtubule dynamics. We find that SCPs required for neurite outgrowth are widely distributed among many biochemical pathways required for constitutive cellular functions, several of which are termed ‘deep’, since they are distal to signaling pathways and the key SCPs directly involved in extension of the neurite. In contrast, ‘proximal’ SCPs are involved in microtubule growth and membrane vesicle transport dynamics required for neurite outgrowth. From these bioinformatics and dynamical models based on experimental data, we conclude that receptor-mediated regulation of subcellular functions for neurite outgrowth is both distributed, that is, involves many different biochemical pathways, and deep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jens Hansen
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Mustafa M Siddiq
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Arjun Singh Yadaw
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Rosa E Tolentino
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Vera Rabinovich
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Gomathi Jayaraman
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Mohit Raja Jain
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NY, 07103, United States
| | - Tong Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NY, 07103, United States
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Rutgers University, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NY, 07103, United States
| | - Yuguang Xiong
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Joseph Goldfarb
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States
| | - Ravi Iyengar
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences and Institute for Systems Biomedicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Rockenfeller P, Beh CT, Toulmay A. Editorial: Lipids and Membrane Contacts in Yeast—Structure, Functional Aspects and Implications on Ageing, Cell Death and Autophagy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:881666. [PMID: 35493067 PMCID: PMC9041301 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.881666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Rockenfeller
- Chair of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biomedical Education and Research (ZBAF), University of Witten/Herdecke (UW/H), Witten, Germany
- *Correspondence: Patrick Rockenfeller,
| | - Christopher T. Beh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Centre for Cell Biology, Development, and Disease, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Toulmay
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Choi RH, Tatum SM, Symons JD, Summers SA, Holland WL. Ceramides and other sphingolipids as drivers of cardiovascular disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2021; 18:701-711. [PMID: 33772258 PMCID: PMC8978615 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-021-00536-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Increases in calorie consumption and sedentary lifestyles are fuelling a global pandemic of cardiometabolic diseases, including coronary artery disease, diabetes mellitus, cardiomyopathy and heart failure. These lifestyle factors, when combined with genetic predispositions, increase the levels of circulating lipids, which can accumulate in non-adipose tissues, including blood vessel walls and the heart. The metabolism of these lipids produces bioactive intermediates that disrupt cellular function and survival. A compelling body of evidence suggests that sphingolipids, such as ceramides, account for much of the tissue damage in these cardiometabolic diseases. In humans, serum ceramide levels are proving to be accurate biomarkers of adverse cardiovascular disease outcomes. In mice and rats, pharmacological inhibition or depletion of enzymes driving de novo ceramide synthesis prevents the development of diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension and heart failure. In cultured cells and isolated tissues, ceramides perturb mitochondrial function, block fuel usage, disrupt vasodilatation and promote apoptosis. In this Review, we discuss the body of literature suggesting that ceramides are drivers - and not merely passengers - on the road to cardiovascular disease. Moreover, we explore the feasibility of therapeutic strategies to lower ceramide levels to improve cardiovascular health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran Hee Choi
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,These authors contributed equally: Ran Hee Choi, Sean M. Tatum
| | - Sean M. Tatum
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,These authors contributed equally: Ran Hee Choi, Sean M. Tatum
| | - J. David Symons
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Scott A. Summers
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - William L. Holland
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Asif K, Memeo L, Palazzolo S, Frión-Herrera Y, Parisi S, Caligiuri I, Canzonieri V, Granchi C, Tuccinardi T, Rizzolio F. STARD3: A Prospective Target for Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4693. [PMID: 34572920 PMCID: PMC8472075 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the major causes of death in developed countries and current therapies are based on surgery, chemotherapeutic agents, and radiation. To overcome side effects induced by chemo- and radiotherapy, in recent decades, targeted therapies have been proposed in second and even first lines. Targeted drugs act on the essential pathways involved in tumor induction, progression, and metastasis, basically all the hallmark of cancers. Among emerging pathways, the cholesterol metabolic pathway is a strong candidate for this purpose. Cancer cells have an accelerated metabolic rate and require a continuous supply of cholesterol for cell division and membrane renewal. Steroidogenic acute regulatory related lipid transfer (START) proteins are a family of proteins involved in the transfer of lipids and some of them are important in non-vesicular cholesterol transportation within the cell. The alteration of their expression levels is implicated in several diseases, including cancers. In this review, we report the latest discoveries on StAR-related lipid transfer protein domain 3 (STARD3), a member of the START family, which has a potential role in cancer, focusing on the structural and biochemical characteristics and mechanisms that regulate its activity. The role of the STARD3 protein as a molecular target for the development of cancer therapies is also discussed. As STARD3 is a key protein in the cholesterol movement in cancer cells, it is of interest to identify inhibitors able to block its activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kanwal Asif
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, PhD School in Science and Technology of Bio and Nanomaterials, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, 30172 Venice, Italy;
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (S.P.); (S.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Lorenzo Memeo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, Mediterranean Institute of Oncology, 95029 Catania, Italy;
| | - Stefano Palazzolo
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (S.P.); (S.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Yahima Frión-Herrera
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, 30172 Venice, Italy; or
| | - Salvatore Parisi
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (S.P.); (S.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Isabella Caligiuri
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (S.P.); (S.P.); (V.C.)
| | - Vincenzo Canzonieri
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (S.P.); (S.P.); (V.C.)
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Carlotta Granchi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.G.); (T.T.)
| | - Tiziano Tuccinardi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy; (C.G.); (T.T.)
| | - Flavio Rizzolio
- Pathology Unit, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (C.R.O.) IRCCS, 33081 Aviano, Italy; (S.P.); (S.P.); (V.C.)
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, 30172 Venice, Italy; or
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ramazanov BR, Tran ML, von Blume J. Sending out molecules from the TGN. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2021; 71:55-62. [PMID: 33706234 PMCID: PMC8328904 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The sorting of secreted cargo proteins and their export from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) remains an enigma in the field of membrane trafficking; although the sorting mechanisms of many transmembrane proteins have been well described. The sorting of secreted proteins at the TGN is crucial for the release of signaling factors, as well as extracellular matrix proteins. These proteins are required for cell-cell communication and integrity of an organism. Missecretion of these factors can cause diseases such as neurological disorders, autoimmune disease, or cancer. The major open question is how soluble proteins that are not associated with the membrane are packed into TGN derived transport carriers to facilitate their transport to the plasma membrane. Recent investigations have identified novel types of protein and lipid machinery that facilitate the packing of these molecules into a TGN derived vesicle. In addition, novel research has uncovered an exciting link between cargo sorting and export in which TGN structure and dynamics, as well as TGN/endoplasmic reticulum contact sites, play a significant role. Here, we have reviewed the progress made in our understanding of these processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bulat R Ramazanov
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mai Ly Tran
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Julia von Blume
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Dingjan T, Futerman AH. The role of the 'sphingoid motif' in shaping the molecular interactions of sphingolipids in biomembranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2021; 1863:183701. [PMID: 34302797 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids can be differentiated from other membrane lipids by the distinctive chemistry of the sphingoid long chain base (LCB), which is generated by the condensation of an amino acid (normally but not always serine) and a fatty acyl CoA (normally palmitoyl CoA) by the pyridoxal phosphate-dependent enzyme, serine palmitoyl transferase (SPT). The first five carbon atoms of the sphingoid LCB, herein defined as the 'sphingoid motif', are largely responsible for the unique chemical and biophysical properties of sphingolipids since they can undergo a relatively large number (compared to other lipid species) of molecular interactions with other membrane lipids, via hydrogen-bonding, charge-pairing, hydrophobic and van der Waals interactions. These interactions are responsible, for instance, for the association of sphingolipids with cholesterol in the membrane lipid bilayer. Here, we discuss some of the unique properties of this sphingoid motif, and in addition to outlining how this structural motif drives intra-bilayer interactions, discuss the atomic details of the interactions with two critical players in the biosynthetic pathway, namely SPT, and the ceramide transport protein, CERT. In the former, the selectivity of sphingolipid synthesis relies on a hydrogen bond interaction between Lys379 of SPTLC2 and the l-serine sidechain hydroxyl moiety. In the latter, the entire sphingoid motif is stereoselectively recognized by a hydrogen-bonding network involving all three sphingoid motif heteroatoms. The remarkable selectivity of these interactions, and the subtle means by which these interactions are modified and regulated in eukaryotic cells raises a number of challenging questions about the generation of these proteins, and of their interactions with the sphingoid motif in evolutionary history.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamir Dingjan
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Anthony H Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Cirillo F, Piccoli M, Ghiroldi A, Monasky MM, Rota P, La Rocca P, Tarantino A, D'Imperio S, Signorelli P, Pappone C, Anastasia L. The antithetic role of ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate in cardiac dysfunction. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:4857-4873. [PMID: 33432663 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally and the number of cardiovascular patients, which is estimated to be over 30 million in 2018, represent a challenging issue for the healthcare systems worldwide. Therefore, the identification of novel molecular targets to develop new treatments is an ongoing challenge for the scientific community. In this context, sphingolipids (SLs) have been progressively recognized as potent bioactive compounds that play crucial roles in the modulation of several key biological processes, such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Furthermore, SLs involvement in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology attracted much attention, since these molecules could be crucial in the development of CVDs. Among SLs, ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) represent the most studied bioactive lipid mediators, which are characterized by opposing activities in the regulation of the fate of cardiac cells. In particular, maintaining the balance of the so-called ceramide/S1P rheostat emerged as an important novel therapeutical target to counteract CVDs. Thus, this review aims at critically summarizing the current knowledge about the antithetic roles of ceramide and S1P in cardiomyocytes dysfunctions, highlighting how the modulation of their metabolism through specific molecules, such as myriocin and FTY720, could represent a novel and interesting therapeutic approach to improve the management of CVDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Cirillo
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Piccoli
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Ghiroldi
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paola Rota
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo La Rocca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Adriana Tarantino
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.,Department of Arrhythmology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara D'Imperio
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.,Department of Arrhythmology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Paola Signorelli
- Department of Health Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Carlo Pappone
- Department of Arrhythmology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.,Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Anastasia
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy.,Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Engin AB, Engin A. Protein Kinases Signaling in Pancreatic Beta-cells Death and Type 2 Diabetes. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1275:195-227. [PMID: 33539017 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-49844-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a worldwide serious public health problem. Insulin resistance and β-cell failure are the two major components of T2D pathology. In addition to defective endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling due to glucolipotoxicity, β-cell dysfunction or β-cell death initiates the deleterious vicious cycle observed in T2D. Although the primary cause is still unknown, overnutrition that contributes to the induction of the state of low-grade inflammation, and the activation of various protein kinases-related metabolic pathways are main factors leading to T2D. In this chapter following subjects, which have critical checkpoints regarding β-cell fate and protein kinases pathways are discussed; hyperglycemia-induced β-cell failure, chronic accumulation of unfolded protein in β-cells, the effect of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling to insulin secretion, excessive saturated free fatty acid-induced β-cell apoptosis, mitophagy dysfunction, proinflammatory responses and insulin resistance, and the reprogramming of β-cell for differentiation or dedifferentiation in T2D. There is much debate about selecting proposed therapeutic strategies to maintain or enhance optimal β-cell viability for adequate insulin secretion in T2D. However, in order to achieve an effective solution in the treatment of T2D, more intensive clinical trials are required on newer therapeutic options based on protein kinases signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ayse Basak Engin
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Atilla Engin
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
De Tollenaere M, Chapuis E, Lapierre L, Bracq M, Hubert J, Lambert C, Sandré J, Auriol D, Scandolera A, Reynaud R. Overall renewal of skin lipids with Vetiver extract for a complete anti-ageing strategy. Int J Cosmet Sci 2020; 43:165-180. [PMID: 33253416 PMCID: PMC8246832 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Skin lipids are essential in every compartment of the skin where they play a key role in various biological functions. Interestingly, their role is central in the maintenance of hydration which is related to skin barrier function and in the skin structure through adipose tissue. It is well described today that skin lipids are affected by ageing giving skin sagging, wrinkles and dryness. Thereby, developing cosmetic actives able to reactivate skin lipids would be an efficient ant-ageing strategy. Due to the strong commitment of our scientists to innovate responsibly and create value, they designed a high value active ingredient named here as Vetiver extract, using a ground-breaking upcycling approach. We evidenced that this unique extract was able to reactivate globally the skin lipids production, bringing skin hydration and plumping effect for mature skin. METHOD In order to demonstrate the global renewal of lipids, we evaluated the lipids synthesis on cutaneous cells that produce lipids such as keratinocytes, sebocytes and adipocytes then on Reconstructed Human Epidermis and skin explants. We evaluated the expression of proteins involved in ceramides transport and barrier cornification. We then evaluated hydration and sebaceous parameters on a panel of mature volunteers. RESULTS We firstly demonstrated that Vetiver extract induced sebum production from human sebocytes cells lines but also improved its quality as observed by the production of specific antimicrobial lipids. Secondly, we demonstrated that Vetiver extract was able to restore skin barrier with the increase of skin lipids neosynthesis on Reconstructed Human Epidermis and skin explants. We also evidenced that Vetiver extract stimulated the lipids transport and epidermal cornification. Finally, Vetiver extract showed a significant effect on adipogenesis and maturation of adipocytes at in vitro and ex vivo models. We confirmed all these activities by showing that Vetiver extract improved sebum production and brought hydration through an increase of lipids content and their conformation. Vetiver extract induced an improvement of skin fatigue and a plumping effect by acting deeply on adipose tissue. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we developed an active ingredient able to bring anti-ageing effect for mature skin by a global increase of skin lipids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Emilie Chapuis
- Givaudan France SAS, Research and Development, Argenteuil, France
| | - Laura Lapierre
- Givaudan France SAS, Research and Development, Argenteuil, France
| | - Marine Bracq
- Givaudan France SAS, Research and Development, Argenteuil, France
| | | | - Carole Lambert
- Givaudan France SAS, Research and Development, Argenteuil, France
| | - Jérome Sandré
- Chirurgien plasticien et esthétique, Polyclinique de Courlancy, Reims, France
| | - Daniel Auriol
- Givaudan France SAS, Research and Development, Argenteuil, France
| | | | - Romain Reynaud
- Givaudan France SAS, Research and Development, Argenteuil, France
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Aerts JMFG, Artola M, van Eijk M, Ferraz MJ, Boot RG. Glycosphingolipids and Infection. Potential New Therapeutic Avenues. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:324. [PMID: 31867330 PMCID: PMC6908816 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs), the main topic of this review, are a subclass of sphingolipids. With their glycans exposed to the extracellular space, glycosphingolipids are ubiquitous components of the plasma membrane of cells. GSLs are implicated in a variety of biological processes including specific infections. Several pathogens use GSLs at the surface of host cells as binding receptors. In addition, lipid-rafts in the plasma membrane of host cells may act as platform for signaling the presence of pathogens. Relatively common in man are inherited deficiencies in lysosomal glycosidases involved in the turnover of GSLs. The associated storage disorders (glycosphingolipidoses) show lysosomal accumulation of substrate(s) of the deficient enzyme. In recent years compounds have been identified that allow modulation of GSLs levels in cells. Some of these agents are well tolerated and already used to treat lysosomal glycosphingolipidoses. This review summarizes present knowledge on the role of GSLs in infection and subsequent immune response. It concludes with the thought to apply glycosphingolipid-lowering agents to prevent and/or combat infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - M Artola
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - M van Eijk
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - M J Ferraz
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - R G Boot
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Ávila-García R, Valdés J, Jáuregui-Wade JM, Ayala-Sumuano JT, Cerbón-Solórzano J. The metabolic pathway of sphingolipids biosynthesis and signaling in Entamoeba histolytica. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 522:574-579. [PMID: 31785811 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Sphingolipids (SLs) synthesis involves a complex metabolic pathway occurring between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus, generating ceramide synthesis and complex lipids, respectively. Here we show that E. histolytica, apparently lacking cellular organelles (ER and Golgi apparatus), synthesizes a wide variety of sphingolipid subspecies, being particularly abundant those of long-chain fatty acids. In silico analysis showed five putative genes coding for ceramide synthases (CerS), all of them coding for proteins containing the TLC domain, a region conserved in CerS of multiple organisms. These genes are abundantly expressed in different growth phases. Silencing and overexpression of CerS C4M4U4 (the closest homolog of human CerS 2 and 3) demonstrated its involvement in the synthesis of ceramide. Additionally, we identify C4M4U4, SMS2 and PKC (α, βII) proteins and their subcellular localization of E. histolytica, suggesting that these subcellular compartments might be involved in the biosynthesis and signaling pathway of sphingolipids, and evidencing different sphingolipid synthesis pathways in Entamoeba.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jesús Valdés
- Department of Biochemistry, CINVESTAV-IPN, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Abstract
Long chain base (LCB) is a unique building block found in sphingolipids. The initial step of LCB biosynthesis stems from serine:palmitoyl-CoA transferase enzyme, producing 3-ketodihydrosphingosine with multiple regulatory proteins including small subunit SPT a/b and orosomucoid-like protein1-3. 3-Ketodihydrosphingosine reductase and sphingolipid Δ4-desaturase, both of them poorly characterized mammalian enzymes, play key roles for neurological homeostasis based on their pathogenic mutation in humans. Ceramide synthase in mammals has six isoforms with distinct phenotype in each knockout mouse. In plants and fungi, sphingolipids also contain phytosphingosine due to sphingolipid C4-hydroxylase. In contrast to previous notion that dietary intake might be its major route in animals, emerging evidences suggested that phytosphingosine biosynthesis does occur in some tissues such as the skin by mammalian C4-hydroxylase activity of the DEGS2 gene. This short review summarizes LCB biosynthesis with their associating metabolic pathways in animals, plants and fungi. Sphingolipid is a group of lipids that contains a unique building block known as long chain base (LCB). LCB is susceptible to various biosynthetic reactions such as unsaturation, hydroxylation and methylation. A failure of these enzymatic reactions leads to the pathogenesis in humans with an elevation of LCB-derived specific biomarkers. Herein, we summarized emerging evidences in mammalian LCB biosynthesis in sphingolipids. Some unique metabolic pathways in plants and fungi were also discussed.
Collapse
|
19
|
Gitsels A, Sanders N, Vanrompay D. Chlamydial Infection From Outside to Inside. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2329. [PMID: 31649655 PMCID: PMC6795091 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia are obligate intracellular bacteria, characterized by a unique biphasic developmental cycle. Specific interactions with the host cell are crucial for the bacteria’s survival and amplification because of the reduced chlamydial genome. At the start of infection, pathogen-host interactions are set in place in order for Chlamydia to enter the host cell and reach the nutrient-rich peri-Golgi region. Once intracellular localization is established, interactions with organelles and pathways of the host cell enable the necessary hijacking of host-derived nutrients. Detailed information on the aforementioned processes will increase our understanding on the intracellular pathogenesis of chlamydiae and hence might lead to new strategies to battle chlamydial infection. This review summarizes how chlamydiae generate their intracellular niche in the host cell, acquire host-derived nutrients in order to enable their growth and finally exit the host cell in order to infect new cells. Moreover, the evolution in the development of molecular genetic tools, necessary for studying the chlamydial infection biology in more depth, is discussed in great detail.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arlieke Gitsels
- Laboratory for Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Niek Sanders
- Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Daisy Vanrompay
- Laboratory for Immunology and Animal Biotechnology, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yager EJ, Konan KV. Sphingolipids as Potential Therapeutic Targets against Enveloped Human RNA Viruses. Viruses 2019; 11:v11100912. [PMID: 31581580 PMCID: PMC6832137 DOI: 10.3390/v11100912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Several notable human diseases are caused by enveloped RNA viruses: influenza, AIDS, hepatitis C, dengue hemorrhagic fever, microcephaly, and Guillain-Barré Syndrome. Being enveloped, the life cycle of this group of viruses is critically dependent on host lipid biosynthesis. Viral binding and entry involve interactions between viral envelope glycoproteins and cellular receptors localized to lipid-rich regions of the plasma membrane. Subsequent infection by these viruses leads to reorganization of cellular membranes and lipid metabolism to support the production of new viral particles. Recent work has focused on defining the involvement of specific lipid classes in the entry, genome replication assembly, and viral particle formation of these viruses in hopes of identifying potential therapeutic targets for the treatment or prevention of disease. In this review, we will highlight the role of host sphingolipids in the lifecycle of several medically important enveloped RNA viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric J Yager
- Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences, Albany College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
| | - Kouacou V Konan
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY 12208-3479, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Simón MV, Prado Spalm FH, Vera MS, Rotstein NP. Sphingolipids as Emerging Mediators in Retina Degeneration. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:246. [PMID: 31244608 PMCID: PMC6581011 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The sphingolipids ceramide (Cer), sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), sphingosine (Sph), and ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) are key signaling molecules that regulate major cellular functions. Their roles in the retina have gained increasing attention during the last decade since they emerge as mediators of proliferation, survival, migration, neovascularization, inflammation and death in retina cells. As exacerbation of these processes is central to retina degenerative diseases, they appear as crucial players in their progression. This review analyzes the functions of these sphingolipids in retina cell types and their possible pathological roles. Cer appears as a key arbitrator in diverse retinal pathologies; it promotes inflammation in endothelial and retina pigment epithelium (RPE) cells and its increase is a common feature in photoreceptor death in vitro and in animal models of retina degeneration; noteworthy, inhibiting Cer synthesis preserves photoreceptor viability and functionality. In turn, S1P acts as a double edge sword in the retina. It is essential for retina development, promoting the survival of photoreceptors and ganglion cells and regulating proliferation and differentiation of photoreceptor progenitors. However, S1P has also deleterious effects, stimulating migration of Müller glial cells, angiogenesis and fibrosis, contributing to the inflammatory scenario of proliferative retinopathies and age related macular degeneration (AMD). C1P, as S1P, promotes photoreceptor survival and differentiation. Collectively, the expanding role for these sphingolipids in the regulation of critical processes in retina cell types and in their dysregulation in retina degenerations makes them attractive targets for treating these diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Victoria Simón
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Departamento De Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Argentine National Research Council (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Facundo H Prado Spalm
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Departamento De Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Argentine National Research Council (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Marcela S Vera
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Departamento De Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Argentine National Research Council (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| | - Nora P Rotstein
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca (INIBIBB), Departamento De Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur (UNS), Argentine National Research Council (CONICET), Bahía Blanca, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Abstract
The liver is the central organ involved in lipid metabolism and the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is responsible for nutrient absorption and partitioning. Obesity, dyslipidemia and metabolic disorders are of increasing public health concern worldwide, and novel therapeutics that target both the liver and the GI tract (gut-liver axis) are much needed. In addition to aiding fat digestion, bile acids act as important signaling molecules that regulate lipid, glucose and energy metabolism via activating nuclear receptor, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), Takeda G protein receptor 5 (TGR5) and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1PR2). Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is synthesized by two sphingosine kinase isoforms and is a potent signaling molecule that plays a critical role in various diseases such as fatty liver, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and colorectal cancer. In this review, we will focus on recent findings related to the role of S1P-mediated signaling pathways in the gut-liver axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric K. Kwong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA,McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Huiping Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA,McGuire VA Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA,Corresponding author. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Virginia Commonwealth University, McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, VA, USA. (H. Zhou)
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhao C, Zhu L, Li R, Wang H, Cai Z. Omics approach reveals metabolic disorders associated with the cytotoxicity of airborne particulate matter in human lung carcinoma cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 246:45-52. [PMID: 30529940 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.11.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to airborne particulate matter (PM) 2.5 induced various adverse health effects, such as metabolic syndrome, systemic inflammation and respiratory infection. However, a global influence of PM2.5-induced metabolic and proteomic disorders remains confusing, and the underlying mechanism is still under-explored. Herein, LC-MS/MS-based metabolomics, lipidomics and isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based proteomics were applied to analyze the toxicological characteristics of PM2.5 from Taiyuan City in China (Taiyuan-PM2.5) on human lung carcinoma cells (A549) after the 24-h treatment. Metabolites, lipids and proteins that have distinctive differences were screened by SIEVE, LipidSearch and Proteome Discoverer, respectively. The abundance of 56 metabolites (40 increased and 16 decreased), 22 lipids (19 increased and 3 decreased) and 81 proteins (55 up-regulated and 26 down-regulated) were significantly changed upon the PM2.5 treatment. Among the proteomics analysis, 16 proteins were specifically related to RNA splicing, mainly including up-regulated serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1 (SRSF1), SRSF2, small nuclear ribonucleoprotein 70 kDa (snRNP70), small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide B (SNRPB), SNRPC, SNRPE and down-regulated heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U-like 2 (hnRNP UL2). At the metabolic level, PM2.5 exposure significantly altered the sphingolipid metabolism, including ceramide, serine, sphingosine and sphingomyelin. It was proposed that excessive accumulation of ceramide and expression of key enzymes (ceramide synthases, phingomyelinase, sphingosine kinase types 2 and protein phosphatase-1) induced the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, generation of lipotoxicity and alterations of RNA splicing in PM2.5-treated A549 cells. In general, our results demonstrated that ceramide accumulation and altered RNA splicing could becritical contributors to PM2.5-induced cytotoxicity at metabolic and proteomic level, which might be considered as potential markers for toxicological evaluation of PM2.5 samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ruijin Li
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Hailin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Al Sazzad MA, Möuts A, Palacios-Ortega J, Lin KL, Nyholm TKM, Slotte JP. Natural Ceramides and Lysophospholipids Cosegregate in Fluid Phosphatidylcholine Bilayers. Biophys J 2019; 116:1105-1114. [PMID: 30795873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The mode of interactions between palmitoyl lysophosphatidylcholine (palmitoyl lyso-PC) or other lysophospholipids (lyso-PLs) and palmitoyl ceramide (PCer) or other ceramide analogs in dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC) bilayers has been examined. PCer is known to segregate laterally into a ceramide-rich phase at concentrations that depend on the nature of the ceramides and the co-phospholipids. In DOPC bilayers, PCer forms a ceramide-rich phase at concentrations above 10 mol%. In the presence of 20 mol% palmitoyl lyso-PC in the DOPC bilayer, the lateral segregation of PCer was markedly facilitated (segregation at lower PCer concentrations). The thermostability of the PCer-rich phase in the presence of palmitoyl lyso-PC was also increased compared to that in the absence of palmitoyl lyso-PC. Other saturated lyso-PLs (e.g., palmitoyl lyso-phosphatidylethanolamine and lyso-sphingomyelin) also facilitated the lateral segregation of PCer in a similar manner as palmitoyl lyso-PC. When examined in the DOPC bilayer, it appeared that the association between palmitoyl lyso-PC and PCer was equimolar in nature. It is proposed that the interaction of PCer with lyso-PLs was driven by the need of ceramide to obtain a large-headgroup co-lipid, and saturated lyso-PLs were preferred co-lipids over DOPC because of the nature of their acyl chain. Structural analogs of PCer (1- or 3-deoxy-PCer) were also associated with palmitoyl lyso-PC, similarly to PCer, suggesting that the ceramide/lyso-PL interaction was not sensitive to structural alterations in the ceramide molecule. Binary complexes containing palmitoyl lyso-PC and ceramide were prepared, and these had a bilayer structure as ascertained by transmission electron microscopy. It is concluded that ceramides and lyso-PLs associated with each other both in binary bilayers and in ternary systems based on the DOPC bilayers. This association may have biological relevance under conditions in which both sphingomyelinases and phospholipase A2 enzymes are activated, such as during inflammatory processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdullah Al Sazzad
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Anna Möuts
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Juan Palacios-Ortega
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kai-Lan Lin
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Thomas K M Nyholm
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - J Peter Slotte
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Intra- and intercellular trafficking in sphingolipid metabolism in myelination. Adv Biol Regul 2018; 71:97-103. [PMID: 30497846 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2018.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The myelin sheath, produced by oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system, provides essential electrical insulation to neurons, but also is critical for viability of neurons. Both the protein and lipid composition of this fascinating membrane is unique. Here the focus is on the sphingolipids that are highly abundant in myelin and, in particular, how they are produced. This review discusses how sphingolipid metabolism is regulated. In particular the subcellular localization of lipid metabolic enzymes is discussed and how inter-organelle transport can affect the metabolic routes that sphingolipid precursors take. Understanding the regulation of sphingolipid metabolism in formation of the myelin membrane will have a significant impact on strategies to treat demyelinating diseases.
Collapse
|
26
|
Fischer A, Rudel T. Safe haven under constant attack-The Chlamydia-containing vacuole. Cell Microbiol 2018; 20:e12940. [PMID: 30101516 DOI: 10.1111/cmi.12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chlamydia belong to the group of obligate intracellular bacteria that reside in a membrane bound vacuole during the entire intracellular phase of their life cycle. This vacuole called inclusion shields the bacteria from adverse influences in the cytosol of the host cell like the destructive machinery of the cell-autonomous defence system. The inclusion thereby prevents the digestion and eradication in specialised compartments of the intact and viable cell called phagolysosomes or autophagolysosomes. It is becoming more and more evident that keeping the inclusion intact also prevents the onset of cell intrinsic cell death programmes that are activated upon damage of the inclusion and direct the cell to destruct itself and the pathogen inside. Chlamydia secrete numerous proteins into the inclusion membrane to protect and stabilise their unique niche inside the host cell. We will focus in this review on the diverse attack strategies of the host aiming at the destruction of the Chlamydia-containing inclusion and will summarise the current knowledge on the protection mechanisms elaborated by the bacteria to maintain the integrity of their replication niche.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annette Fischer
- Department of Microbiology, University of Würzburg Biocenter, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Rudel
- Department of Microbiology, University of Würzburg Biocenter, Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Ceramide Metabolism Balance, a Multifaceted Factor in Critical Steps of Breast Cancer Development. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092527. [PMID: 30149660 PMCID: PMC6163247 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramides are key lipids in energetic-metabolic pathways and signaling cascades, modulating critical physiological functions in cells. While synthesis of ceramides is performed in endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which is altered under overnutrition conditions, proteins associated with ceramide metabolism are located on membrane arrangement of mitochondria and ER (MAMs). However, ceramide accumulation in meta-inflammation, condition that associates obesity with a chronic low-grade inflammatory state, favors the deregulation of pathways such as insulin signaling, and induces structural rearrangements on mitochondrial membrane, modifying its permeability and altering the flux of ions and other molecules. Considering the wide biological processes in which sphingolipids are implicated, they have been associated with diseases that present abnormalities in their energetic metabolism, such as breast cancer. In this sense, sphingolipids could modulate various cell features, such as growth, proliferation, survival, senescence, and apoptosis in cancer progression; moreover, ceramide metabolism is associated to chemotherapy resistance, and regulation of metastasis. Cell–cell communication mediated by exosomes and lipoproteins has become relevant in the transport of several sphingolipids. Therefore, in this work we performed a comprehensive analysis of the state of the art about the multifaceted roles of ceramides, specifically the deregulation of ceramide metabolism pathways, being a key factor that could modulate neoplastic processes development. Under specific conditions, sphingolipids perform important functions in several cellular processes, and depending on the preponderant species and cellular and/or tissue status can inhibit or promote the development of metabolic and potentially breast cancer disease.
Collapse
|
28
|
Pietrangelo A, Ridgway ND. Golgi localization of oxysterol binding protein-related protein 4L (ORP4L) is regulated by ligand binding. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:jcs.215335. [PMID: 29930082 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.215335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxysterol binding protein (OSBP)-related protein 4L (ORP4L, also known as OSBPL2), a closely related paralogue and interacting partner of OSBP, binds sterols and phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate [PI(4)P] and regulates cell proliferative signalling at the plasma membrane (PM). Here, we report that ORP4L also interacts with the trans-Golgi network (TGN) in an OSBP-, sterol- and PI(4)P-dependent manner. Characterization of ORP4L lipid and VAP binding mutants indicated an indirect mechanism for translocation to ER-Golgi contact sites in response to 25-hydroxycholesterol that was dependent on OSBP and PI(4)P. shRNA silencing revealed that ORP4L was required to maintain the organization and PI(4)P content of the Golgi and TGN. In contrast, the interaction of ORP4L with the PM was not dependent on its sterol, PI(4)P or VAP binding activities. At the PM, ORP4L partially localized with a genetically encoded probe for PI(4)P but not with a probe for phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate. We conclude that ORP4L is differentially localized to the PM and ER-Golgi contacts sites. OSBP-, lipid- and VAP-regulated interactions of ORP4L with ER-Golgi contact sites are involved in the maintenance of Golgi and TGN structure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Pietrangelo
- Atlantic Research Center, Departments of Pediatrics and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada, B3H 4R2
| | - Neale D Ridgway
- Atlantic Research Center, Departments of Pediatrics and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada, B3H 4R2
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Giordano G. Ceramide-transfer protein-mediated ceramide transfer is a structurally tunable flow-inducing mechanism with structural feed-forward loops. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2018; 5:180494. [PMID: 30110462 PMCID: PMC6030332 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This paper considers two models of ceramide-transfer protein (CERT)-mediated ceramide transfer at the trans-Golgi network proposed in the literature, short distance shuttle and neck swinging, and seeks structural (parameter-free) features of the two models, which rely exclusively on the peculiar interaction network and not on specific parameter values. In particular, it is shown that both models can be seen as flow-inducing systems, where the flows between pairs of species are tuned by the concentrations of other species, and suitable external inputs can structurally regulate ceramide transfer. In the short distance shuttle model, the amount of transferred ceramide is structurally tuned by active protein kinase D (PKD), both directly and indirectly, in a coherent feed-forward loop motif. In the neck-swinging model, the amount of transferred ceramide is structurally tuned by active PI4KIIIβ, while active PKD has an ambivalent effect, due to the presence of an incoherent feed-forward loop motif that directly inhibits ceramide transfer and indirectly promotes it; the structural role of active PKD is to favour CERT mobility in the cytosol. It is also shown that the influences among key variables often have structurally determined steady-state signs, which can help falsify the models against experimental traces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Giordano
- Delft Center for Systems and Control, Delft University of Technology (TU Delft), 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Spatiotemporal Control of Lipid Conversion, Actin-Based Mechanical Forces, and Curvature Sensors during Clathrin/AP-1-Coated Vesicle Biogenesis. Cell Rep 2018; 20:2087-2099. [PMID: 28854360 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Clathrin/adaptor protein-1-coated carriers connect the secretory and the endocytic pathways. Carrier biogenesis relies on distinct protein networks changing membrane shape at the trans-Golgi network, each regulating coat assembly, F-actin-based mechanical forces, or the biophysical properties of lipid bilayers. How these different hubs are spatiotemporally coordinated remains largely unknown. Using in vitro reconstitution systems, quantitative proteomics, and lipidomics, as well as in vivo cell-based assays, we characterize the protein networks controlling membrane lipid composition, membrane shape, and carrier scission. These include PIP5K1A and phospholipase C-beta 3 controlling the conversion of PI[4]P into diacylglycerol. PIP5K1A binding to RAC1 provides a link to F-actin-based mechanical forces needed to tubulate membranes. Tubular membranes then recruit the BAR-domain-containing arfaptin-1/2 guiding carrier scission. These findings provide a framework for synchronizing the chemical/biophysical properties of lipid bilayers, F-actin-based mechanical forces, and the activity of proteins sensing membrane shape during clathrin/adaptor protein-1-coated carrier biogenesis.
Collapse
|
31
|
Groux-Degroote S, Rodríguez-Walker M, Dewald JH, Daniotti JL, Delannoy P. Gangliosides in Cancer Cell Signaling. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 156:197-227. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
32
|
Scheiblich H, Schlütter A, Golenbock DT, Latz E, Martinez-Martinez P, Heneka MT. Activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome in microglia: the role of ceramide. J Neurochem 2017; 143:534-550. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Scheiblich
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Gerontopsychiatry/Neurology; University of Bonn - Medical Center; Bonn Germany
| | - Anna Schlütter
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Gerontopsychiatry/Neurology; University of Bonn - Medical Center; Bonn Germany
- Department of Neuroscience; Maastricht University; Maastricht The Netherlands
| | - Douglas T. Golenbock
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology; University of Massachusetts Medical School; Worcester Massachusetts USA
| | - Eicke Latz
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology; University of Massachusetts Medical School; Worcester Massachusetts USA
- Institute of Innate Immunity; University of Bonn; Bonn Germany
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE); Bonn Germany
| | - Pilar Martinez-Martinez
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology; University of Massachusetts Medical School; Worcester Massachusetts USA
| | - Michael T. Heneka
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and Gerontopsychiatry/Neurology; University of Bonn - Medical Center; Bonn Germany
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology; University of Massachusetts Medical School; Worcester Massachusetts USA
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE); Bonn Germany
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
MicroRNA-155 regulates casein kinase 1 gamma 2: a potential pathogenetic role in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood Cancer J 2017; 7:e606. [PMID: 28885613 PMCID: PMC5709749 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2017.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
|
34
|
Feldkamp ML, Ward DM, Pysher TJ, Chambers CT. Chlamydia trachomatis Is Responsible for Lipid Vacuolation in the Amniotic Epithelium of Fetal Gastroschisis. Birth Defects Res 2017. [PMID: 28635162 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vacuolated amniotic epithelium with lipid droplets in gastroschisis placentas is an unusual finding. Mass spectrometry of lipid droplets identified triglycerides, ester-linked to an unusual pattern of fatty acids. We hypothesize that these findings result from a Chlamydia trachomatis infection during the periconceptional period. The rising incidence of chlamydia infections has paralleled the increasing prevalence of gastroschisis among women less than 25 years of age. Histologically, young women are at greatest risk for a chlamydia infection due to their immature columnar epithelium, the preferential site for attachment of Chlamydia trachomatis infectious particle (elementary body). METHODS Chlamydia trachomatis survive in an inclusion, relying on its host to acquire essential nutrients, amino acids, and nucleotides for survival and replication. If essential nutrients are not available, the bacteria cannot replicate and may be trafficked to the lysosome for degradation or remain quiescent, within the inclusion, subverting innate immunologic clearance. RESULTS Chlamydiae synthesize several lipids (phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and phosphoatidylglycerol); however, their lipid content reveal eukaryotic lipids (sphingomyelin, cholesterol, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylinositol), evidence that chlamydiae "hijack" host lipids for expansion and replication. CONCLUSION The abnormal amniotic epithelial findings are supported by experimental evidence of the trafficking of host lipids into the chlamydiae inclusion. If not lethal, what harm will elementary bodies inflict to the developing embryo? Do these women have a greater pro-inflammatory response to an environmental exposure, whether cigarette smoking, change in partner, or a pathogen? Testing the hypothesis that Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for amniotic epithelium vacuoles will be a critical first step. Birth Defects Research 109:1003-1010, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcia L Feldkamp
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Diane M Ward
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Theodore J Pysher
- Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Christina T Chambers
- Division of Dysmorphology and Teratology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kwong EK, Li X, Hylemon PB, Zhou H. Sphingosine Kinases/Sphingosine 1-Phosphate Signaling in Hepatic Lipid Metabolism. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 3:176-183. [PMID: 29130028 DOI: 10.1007/s40495-017-0093-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The ever-increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases such as dyslipidemia and diabetes in the western world continues to be of great public health concern. Biologically active sphingolipids, such as sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) and ceramide, are important regulators of lipid metabolism. S1P not only directly functions as an active intracellular mediator, but also activates multiple signaling pathways via five transmembrane G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), S1PR1-5. S1P is exclusively formed by sphingosine kinases (SphKs). Two isoforms of SphKs, SphK1 and SphK2, have been identified. Recent identification of the conjugated bile acid-induced activation of S1PR2 as a key regulator of SphK2 opened new directions for both the sphingolipid and bile acid research fields. The role of SphKs/S1P-mediated signaling pathways in health and various human diseases has been extensively reviewed elsewhere. This review focuses on recent findings related to SphKs/S1P-medaited signaling pathways in regulating hepatic lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric K Kwong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23298
| | - Xiaojiaoyang Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23298
| | - Phillip B Hylemon
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23298
| | - Huiping Zhou
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical College of Virginia Campus, McGuire Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, 23298
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Charman M, Goto A, Ridgway ND. Oxysterol-binding protein recruitment and activity at the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi interface are independent of Sac1. Traffic 2017; 18:519-529. [DOI: 10.1111/tra.12491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Charman
- The Atlantic Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Dalhousie University; Halifax Canada
| | - Asako Goto
- The Atlantic Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Dalhousie University; Halifax Canada
| | - Neale D. Ridgway
- The Atlantic Research Centre, Department of Pediatrics, and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Dalhousie University; Halifax Canada
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Makowski SL, Tran TT, Field SJ. Emerging themes of regulation at the Golgi. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2017; 45:17-23. [PMID: 28213314 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Golgi is generally recognized for its central role in the secretory pathway to orchestrate protein post-translational modification and trafficking of proteins and lipids to their final destination. Despite the common view of the Golgi as an inert sorting organelle, emerging data demonstrate that important signaling events occur at the Golgi, including those that regulate the trafficking function of the Golgi. The phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate/GOLPH3/MYO18A/F-actin complex serves as a hub for signals that regulate Golgi trafficking function. Furthermore, the Golgi is increasingly appreciated for its important role in cell growth and in driving oncogenic transformation, as illuminated by the discovery that GOLPH3 and MYO18A are cancer drivers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie L Makowski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0707, USA
| | - Thuy Tt Tran
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0707, USA
| | - Seth J Field
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0707, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Santos C, Stauffert F, Ballereau S, Dehoux C, Rodriguez F, Bodlenner A, Compain P, Génisson Y. Iminosugar-based ceramide mimicry for the design of new CERT START domain ligands. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:1984-1989. [PMID: 28237558 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The enigmatical dichotomy between the two CERT/GPBP protein isoforms, their vast panel of biological implications and the scarcity of known antagonist series call for new ligand chemotypes identification. We report the design of iminosugar-based ceramide mimics for the development of new START domain ligands potentially targeting either protein isoforms. Strategic choice of (i) an iminoxylitol core structure and (ii) the positioning of two dodecyl residues led to an extent of protein binding comparable to that of the natural cargo lipid ceramide or the archetypical inhibitor HPA-12. Molecular docking study evidenced a possible mode of protein binding fully coherent with the one observed in crystalline co-structures of known ligands. The present study thus paves the way for cellular CERT inhibition studies en route to the development of pharmacological tools aiming at deciphering the respective function and therapeutic potential of the two CERT/GPBP protein isoforms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Santos
- SPCMIB, UMR5068 CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, 118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31062, France
| | - Fabien Stauffert
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique et Molécules Bioactives (SYBIO), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS (UMR 7509), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM), 25 rue Becquerel, F-67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Stéphanie Ballereau
- SPCMIB, UMR5068 CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, 118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31062, France
| | - Cécile Dehoux
- SPCMIB, UMR5068 CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, 118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31062, France
| | - Frédéric Rodriguez
- SPCMIB, UMR5068 CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, 118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31062, France
| | - Anne Bodlenner
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique et Molécules Bioactives (SYBIO), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS (UMR 7509), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM), 25 rue Becquerel, F-67087 Strasbourg, France
| | - Philippe Compain
- Laboratoire de Synthèse Organique et Molécules Bioactives (SYBIO), Université de Strasbourg, CNRS (UMR 7509), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux (ECPM), 25 rue Becquerel, F-67087 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Yves Génisson
- SPCMIB, UMR5068 CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier-Toulouse III, 118 route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31062, France.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lindahl L, Santos AXS, Olsson H, Olsson L, Bettiga M. Membrane engineering of S. cerevisiae targeting sphingolipid metabolism. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41868. [PMID: 28145511 PMCID: PMC5286413 DOI: 10.1038/srep41868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The sustainable production of fuels and chemicals using microbial cell factories is now well established. However, many microbial production processes are still limited in scale due to inhibition from compounds that are present in the feedstock or are produced during fermentation. Some of these inhibitors interfere with cellular membranes and change the physicochemical properties of the membranes. Another group of molecules is dependent on their permeation rate through the membrane for their inhibition. We have investigated the use of membrane engineering to counteract the negative effects of inhibitors on the microorganism with focus on modulating the abundance of complex sphingolipids in the cell membrane of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Overexpression of ELO3, involved in fatty acid elongation, and AUR1, which catalyses the formation of complex sphingolipids, had no effect on the membrane lipid profile or on cellular physiology. Deletion of the genes ORM1 and ORM2, encoding negative regulators of sphingolipid biosynthesis, decreased cell viability and considerably reduced phosphatidylinositol and complex sphingolipids. Additionally, combining ELO3 and AUR1 overexpression with orm1/2Δ improved cell viability and increased fatty acyl chain length compared with only orm1/2Δ. These findings can be used to further study the sphingolipid metabolism, as well as giving guidance in membrane engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Lindahl
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Aline X. S. Santos
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Helén Olsson
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lisbeth Olsson
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Maurizio Bettiga
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Hijacking of Membrane Contact Sites by Intracellular Bacterial Pathogens. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 997:211-223. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-4567-7_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
|
41
|
Proper Sterol Distribution Is Required for Candida albicans Hyphal Formation and Virulence. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2016; 6:3455-3465. [PMID: 27587298 PMCID: PMC5100844 DOI: 10.1534/g3.116.033969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungus responsible for the majority of systemic fungal infections. Multiple factors contribute to C. albicans pathogenicity. C. albicans strains lacking CaArv1 are avirulent. Arv1 has a conserved Arv1 homology domain (AHD) that has a zinc-binding domain containing two cysteine clusters. Here, we explored the role of the CaAHD and zinc-binding motif in CaArv1-dependent virulence. Overall, we found that the CaAHD was necessary but not sufficient for cells to be virulent, whereas the zinc-binding domain was essential, as Caarv1/Caarv1 cells expressing the full-length zinc-binding domain mutants, Caarv1C3S and Caarv1C28S, were avirulent. Phenotypically, we found a direct correlation between the avirulence of Caarv1/Caarv1, Caarrv1AHD, Caarv1C3S, and Caarv1C28S cells and defects in bud site selection, septa formation and localization, and hyphal formation and elongation. Importantly, all avirulent mutant strains lacked the ability to maintain proper sterol distribution. Overall, our results have established the importance of the AHD and zinc-binding domain in fungal invasion, and have correlated an avirulent phenotype with the inability to maintain proper sterol distribution.
Collapse
|
42
|
Lipid transfer proteins and the tuning of compartmental identity in the Golgi apparatus. Chem Phys Lipids 2016; 200:42-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
43
|
Analysis of Sphingolipid Synthesis and Transport by Metabolic Labeling of Cultured Cells with [³H]Serine. Methods Mol Biol 2016; 1376:195-202. [PMID: 26552685 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3170-5_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of lipid biosynthesis by radioactive precursor incorporation provides information on metabolic rates and the identity of rate-limiting enzymes and transporters. The biosynthesis of sphingolipids in cultured cells is initiated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by the formation of a sphingoid base from serine and palmitoyl-CoA. N-acylation of the sphingoid base produces ceramide, which is transported to the Golgi apparatus where phosphocholine or carbohydrate headgroups are added to form sphingomyelin (SM) and complex glycosphingolipids (GSLs), respectively. Herein is described a protocol to measure ceramide and SM biosynthesis in cultured cells based on [(3)H]serine incorporation at the first step in the pathway. The method can be used to assay the effect of pharmacological and genetic manipulations on ceramide synthesis and transport to the Golgi apparatus.
Collapse
|
44
|
Al Sazzad MA, Slotte JP. Effect of Phosphatidylcholine Unsaturation on the Lateral Segregation of Palmitoyl Ceramide and Palmitoyl Dihydroceramide in Bilayer Membranes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:5973-5980. [PMID: 27218704 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To better understand the interactions of saturated ceramides with unsaturated glycerophospholipids in bilayer membranes, we measured how palmitoyl ceramide (PCer) and dihydroceramide (dihydro-PCer, lacking the trans 4 double bond of the sphingoid base of ceramide) can interact with phosphatidylcholines (PCs) with palmitic acid in the sn-1 position and increasingly unsaturated acyl chains in the sn-2 position. The PCs were 16:0/18:1 (POPC), 16:0/18:2 (PLPC), 16:0/20:4 (PAPC), and 16:0(22:6 (PDPC). We also included di-18:1-PC (DOPC) to compare it with POPC. Because the ceramides were expected to segregate laterally to an ordered ceramide-rich phase, we determined the formation of the ordered phase using lifetime analysis of trans-parinaric acid (tPA) fluorescence. The presence of ordered domains, as indicated by tPA lifetime analysis, was verified by an analysis of tPA anisotropy as a function of temperature. The interaction between PCer and POPC was clearly more favored than interactions with DOPC, as seen from a more thermostable gel phase in POPC than in DOPC at equal ceramide content. The concentration needed for PCer gel phase formation was also lower in POPC than in the DOPC bilayers, suggesting that POPC had better miscibility in the ordered phase. The increased unsaturation of the sn-2 acyl chains of the PCs had more clear effects of dihydro-PCer segregation than on PCer segregation, and the dihydro-PCer gel phase became more thermostable as the unsaturation in the PC increased. We conclude that the interactions between ceramides and PCs were complex and affected both by the trans 4 double bond of PCer by the palmitoyl acyl in the sn-1 position and by the overall degree of unsaturation of the sn-2 acyl chain of the PCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Abdullah Al Sazzad
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University , Turku, Finland
| | - J Peter Slotte
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University , Turku, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ernst WL, Shome K, Wu CC, Gong X, Frizzell RA, Aridor M. VAMP-associated Proteins (VAP) as Receptors That Couple Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) Proteostasis with Lipid Homeostasis. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:5206-20. [PMID: 26740627 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.692749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Unesterified cholesterol accumulates in late endosomes in cells expressing the misfolded cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). CFTR misfolding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or general activation of ER stress led to dynein-mediated clustering of cholesterol-loaded late endosomes at the Golgi region, a process regulated by ER-localized VAMP-associated proteins (VAPs). We hypothesized that VAPs serve as intracellular receptors that couple lipid homeostasis through interactions with two phenylalanines in an acidic track (FFAT) binding signals (found in lipid sorting and sensing proteins, LSS) with proteostasis regulation. VAPB inhibited the degradation of ΔF508-CFTR. The activity was mapped to the ligand-binding major sperm protein (MSP) domain, which was sufficient in regulating CFTR biogenesis. We identified mutations in an unstructured loop within the MSP that uncoupled VAPB-regulated CFTR biogenesis from basic interactions with FFAT. Using this information, we defined functional and physical interactions between VAPB and proteostasis regulators (ligands), including the unfolded protein response sensor ATF6 and the ER degradation cluster that included FAF1, VCP, BAP31, and Derlin-1. VAPB inhibited the degradation of ΔF508-CFTR in the ER through interactions with the RMA1-Derlin-BAP31-VCP pathway. Analysis of pseudoligands containing tandem FFAT signals supports a competitive model for VAP interactions that direct CFTR biogenesis. The results suggest a model in which VAP-ligand binding couples proteostasis and lipid homeostasis leading to observed phenotypes of lipid abnormalities in protein folding diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wayne L Ernst
- From the Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Kuntala Shome
- From the Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Christine C Wu
- From the Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Xiaoyan Gong
- From the Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Raymond A Frizzell
- From the Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Meir Aridor
- From the Department of Cell Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sugimoto M, Shimizu Y, Yoshioka T, Wakabayashi M, Tanaka Y, Higashino K, Numata Y, Sakai S, Kihara A, Igarashi Y, Kuge Y. Histological analyses by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-imaging mass spectrometry reveal differential localization of sphingomyelin molecular species regulated by particular ceramide synthase in mouse brains. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2015; 1851:1554-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
47
|
Sphingosine Kinase 2 and Ceramide Transport as Key Targets of the Natural Flavonoid Luteolin to Induce Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143384. [PMID: 26580959 PMCID: PMC4651545 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The plant flavonoid luteolin exhibits different biological effects, including anticancer properties. Little is known on the molecular mechanisms underlying its actions in colorectal cancer (CRC). Here we investigated the effects of luteolin on colon cancer cells, focusing on the balance between ceramide and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), two sphingoid mediators with opposite roles on cell fate. Using cultured cells, we found that physiological concentrations of luteolin induce the elevation of ceramide, followed by apoptotic death of colon cancer cells, but not of differentiated enterocytes. Pulse studies revealed that luteolin inhibits ceramide anabolism to complex sphingolipids. Further experiments led us to demonstrate that luteolin induces an alteration of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Golgi flow of ceramide, pivotal to its metabolic processing to complex sphingolipids. We report that luteolin exerts its action by inhibiting both Akt activation, and sphingosine kinase (SphK) 2, with the consequent reduction of S1P, an Akt stimulator. S1P administration protected colon cancer cells from luteolin-induced apoptosis, most likely by an intracellular, receptor-independent mechanism. Overall this study reveals for the first time that the dietary flavonoid luteolin exerts toxic effects on colon cancer cells by inhibiting both S1P biosynthesis and ceramide traffic, suggesting its dietary introduction/supplementation as a potential strategy to improve existing treatments in CRC.
Collapse
|
48
|
Olkkonen VM. OSBP-Related Protein Family in Lipid Transport Over Membrane Contact Sites. Lipid Insights 2015; 8:1-9. [PMID: 26715851 PMCID: PMC4685180 DOI: 10.4137/lpi.s31726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that oxysterol-binding protein-related proteins (ORPs) localize at membrane contact sites, which are high-capacity platforms for inter-organelle exchange of small molecules and information. ORPs can simultaneously associate with the two apposed membranes and transfer lipids across the interbilayer gap. Oxysterol-binding protein moves cholesterol from the endoplasmic reticulum to trans-Golgi, driven by the retrograde transport of phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PI4P). Analogously, yeast Osh6p mediates the transport of phosphatidylserine from the endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma membrane in exchange for PI4P, and ORP5 and -8 are suggested to execute similar functions in mammalian cells. ORPs may share the capacity to bind PI4P within their ligand-binding domain, prompting the hypothesis that bidirectional transport of a phosphoinositide and another lipid may be a common theme among the protein family. This model, however, needs more experimental support and does not exclude a function of ORPs in lipid signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vesa M Olkkonen
- Minerva Foundation Institute for Medical Research, Biomedicum 2U, Helsinki, Finland. ; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Wang L, Wu L, Wang X, Deng J, Ma Z, Fan W, He W, Deng J. Prenatal alcohol exposure inducing the apoptosis of mossy cells in hippocampus of SMS2-/- mice. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2015; 40:975-982. [PMID: 26562048 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2015.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2015] [Revised: 10/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the mechanisms of alcohol-induced neuroapoptosis through the ceramide pathway, sphingomyelin synthase 2 knockout (SMS2-/-) mice were used to make the prenatal alcohol exposure model, and the role of ceramide regulation on alcohol-induced neuroapoptosis was studied in the offspring. Initially the levels of serum sphingomyelin (SM) were detected with enzymatic method in P0 pups after alcohol exposure in parents. Then the apoptosis of mossy cells in the offspring hippocampus was investigated after prenatal alcohol exposure with immunohistochemistry and TUNEL assay. Finally the expression of activated Caspase 8 and activated Caspase 3 in the offspring hippocampus was detected with Western blot analysis. Our results showed that SM levels were down-regulated in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05) after prenatal alcohol exposure in wild-type (WT) and SMS2-/- pups. However, SM levels of serum in SMS2-/- pups were significantly lower than that in WT pups (p<0.01). Furthermore, we found that mossy cells were very sensitive to alcohol-induced neuroapoptosis. In both WT pups and SMS2-/- pups, the number of apoptotic mossy cells in the hippocampus increased after prenatal alcohol exposure in a dose dependent manner (p<0.05) and decreased with the growing age. Compared with WT pups, the number of apoptotic mossy cells in the hippocampus of SMS2-/- pups increased (p<0.05). Western blotting showed that the expression of activated Caspase 8 and activated Caspase 3 of hippocampal tissue in WT pups and SMS2-/- pups increases after prenatal alcohol exposure, consistent with results from TUNEL assay and immunocytochemistry. Our study suggests that mossy cells may be the easily attacked cells for fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD), and ceramide is involved in the alcohol-induced neural apoptosis. The mechanism probably lies in the accumulated ceramide in SMS2 mice, and the increase of activated Caspase 8 and Caspase 3 promotes alcohol-induced neuroapoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lai Wang
- Institute of Neurobiology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Lin Wu
- Institute of Neurobiology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China; Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Institute of Neurobiology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Jiexin Deng
- Institute of Neurobiology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zhanyou Ma
- Institute of Neurobiology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Wenjuan Fan
- Institute of Neurobiology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Weiya He
- Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng 475000, China
| | - Jinbo Deng
- Institute of Neurobiology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wakana Y, Kotake R, Oyama N, Murate M, Kobayashi T, Arasaki K, Inoue H, Tagaya M. CARTS biogenesis requires VAP-lipid transfer protein complexes functioning at the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi interface. Mol Biol Cell 2015; 26:4686-99. [PMID: 26490117 PMCID: PMC4678024 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e15-08-0599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Biogenesis of the TGN-derived transport carriers CARTS requires the ER protein VAP and Golgi lipid transfer proteins, ceramide transfer protein and OSBP. Sac1 lipid phosphatase is recruited to a VAP–OSBP complex formed at an ER subdomain closely apposed to the trans-Golgi/TGN. Association–dissociation dynamics of ER–Golgi contacts are important for CARTS formation. Vesicle-associated membrane protein–associated protein (VAP) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident integral membrane protein that controls a nonvesicular mode of ceramide and cholesterol transfer from the ER to the Golgi complex by interacting with ceramide transfer protein and oxysterol-binding protein (OSBP), respectively. We report that VAP and its interacting proteins are required for the processing and secretion of pancreatic adenocarcinoma up-regulated factor, whose transport from the trans-Golgi network (TGN) to the cell surface is mediated by transport carriers called “carriers of the trans-Golgi network to the cell surface” (CARTS). In VAP-depleted cells, diacylglycerol level at the TGN was decreased and CARTS formation was impaired. We found that VAP forms a complex with not only OSBP but also Sac1 phosphoinositide phosphatase at specialized ER subdomains that are closely apposed to the trans-Golgi/TGN, most likely reflecting membrane contact sites. Immobilization of ER–Golgi contacts dramatically reduced CARTS production, indicating that association–dissociation dynamics of the two membranes are important. On the basis of these findings, we propose that the ER–Golgi contacts play a pivotal role in lipid metabolism to control the biogenesis of transport carriers from the TGN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Wakana
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Richika Kotake
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Nanako Oyama
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Motohide Murate
- Lipid Biology Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | | | - Kohei Arasaki
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Hiroki Inoue
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Tagaya
- School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan
| |
Collapse
|