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Márquez Álvarez CDM, Hernández-Cruz EY, Pedraza-Chaverri J. Oxidative stress in animal models of obesity caused by hypercaloric diets: A systematic review. Life Sci 2023; 331:122019. [PMID: 37567497 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a global health difficulty characterized by an excessive accumulation of fat that increases body weight. Obesity has been studied in multiple animal models, of which those in which it is induced by diet stand out. Due to the increase in this condition, other mechanisms have been addressed that are triggered by states of overweight or obesity, such as the appearance of oxidative stress. These models aim to relate obesity caused by diet and how it influences the development of oxidative stress. In this study, a systematic review of the literature of 39 articles that studied obesity due to the consumption of hypercaloric diets and the appearance of oxidative stress in different animal models was carried out. This review identified the models with the most excellent use and the characteristics of the most appropriate diets to characterize states of oxidative stress due to obesity. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of each model used are provided, as well as the techniques used for the assessment of obesity, and oxidative stress, providing the information in such a way that there is a general overview of the existing models of the parameters that allow to adequately establish both variables studied, providing information that allows the researcher to choose the appropriate model and factors according to the interest and objectives of the present research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corazón de María Márquez Álvarez
- Laboratory for Research in Metabolic and Infectious Diseases, Multidisciplinary Academic División of Comalco, Juarez Autonomous University of Tabasco, Ranchería Sur, Cuarta Sección, 866500, Comalco, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Estefani Yaquelin Hernández-Cruz
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, 04510, Mexico; Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico.
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Moorkens K, Leroy JLMR, Quanico J, Baggerman G, Marei WFA. How the Oviduct Lipidomic Profile Changes over Time after the Start of an Obesogenic Diet in an Outbred Mouse Model. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1016. [PMID: 37508445 PMCID: PMC10376370 DOI: 10.3390/biology12071016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
We investigated whether a high-fat/high-sugar (HF/HS) diet alters the lipidomic profile of the oviductal epithelium (OE) and studied the patterns of these changes over time. Female outbred Swiss mice were fed either a control (10% fat) or HF/HS (60% fat, 20% fructose) diet. Mice (n = 3 per treatment per time point) were sacrificed and oviducts were collected at 3 days and 1, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks on the diet. Lipids in the OE were imaged using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation mass spectrometry imaging. Discriminative m/z values and differentially regulated lipids were determined in the HF/HS versus control OEs at each time point. Feeding the obesogenic diet resulted in acute changes in the lipid profile in the OE already after 3 days, and thus even before the development of an obese phenotype. The changes in the lipid profile of the OE progressively increased and became more persistent after long-term HF/HS diet feeding. Functional annotation revealed a differential abundance of phospholipids, sphingomyelins and lysophospholipids in particular. These alterations appear to be not only caused by the direct accumulation of the excess circulating dietary fat but also a reduction in the de novo synthesis of several lipid classes, due to oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum dysfunction. The described diet-induced lipidomic changes suggest alterations in the OE functions and the oviductal microenvironment which may impact crucial reproductive events that take place in the oviduct, such as fertilization and early embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerlijne Moorkens
- Gamete Research Centre, Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jo L M R Leroy
- Gamete Research Centre, Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Jusal Quanico
- Centre for Proteomics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Geert Baggerman
- Centre for Proteomics, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
- Health Unit, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Boeretang 200, 2400 Mol, Belgium
| | - Waleed F A Marei
- Gamete Research Centre, Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry, Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
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3
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Andonova M, Dzhelebov P, Trifonova K, Yonkova P, Kostadinov N, Nancheva K, Ivanov V, Gospodinova K, Nizamov N, Tsachev I, Chernev C. Metabolic Markers Associated with Progression of Type 2 Diabetes Induced by High-Fat Diet and Single Low Dose Streptozotocin in Rats. Vet Sci 2023; 10:431. [PMID: 37505836 PMCID: PMC10386364 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10070431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Science is still searching for readily available, cost-effective biomarkers to assess metabolic disorders occurring before the onset and during the development of type-2 diabetes (T2DM). The aim of the present study was to induce T2DM in rats through a high-fat diet, followed by a single administration of low dose streptozotocin (STZ), and make an assessment of the development of the disease. The rats were divided into two groups-experimental and control-and were monitored for a period of 10 days. Changes in anthropometric parameters, glucose, insulin, lipids, uric acid, advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), as well as the histological changes in the liver and pancreas, were recorded. To assess insulin resistance, we used the Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and beta cell function (HOMA-β) and visceral obesity-adiposity index (AI). The data demonstrate that the increasing values of glucose, HOMA-IR, AI, total cholesterol, triacylglycerols, low- and very-low-density lipoproteins are important markers of the pre-diabetic state. The stable hyperglycemia and increased levels of TC, TG, VLDL, LDL, uric acid and AOPP in experimental rats strongly suggest the development of T2DM. HOMA-IR, HOMA-β, AI, and uric acid are reliable criteria for T2DM in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Andonova
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria
| | - Petko Dzhelebov
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria
| | - Krastina Trifonova
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria
| | - Penka Yonkova
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria
| | - Nikola Kostadinov
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria
| | - Krasimira Nancheva
- Clinical Laboratory, University Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment "Professor Stoyan Kirkovich", Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria
| | - Veselin Ivanov
- Department of Social Medicine, Health Management and Disaster Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria
| | - Krasimira Gospodinova
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria
| | - Nikola Nizamov
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria
| | - Ilia Tsachev
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora 6000, Bulgaria
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García-Beltrán A, Martínez R, Porres JM, Arrebola F, Artero IR, Galisteo M, Aranda P, Kapravelou G, López-Jurado M. Novel insights and mechanisms of diet-induced obesity: Mid-term versus long-term effects on hepatic transcriptome and antioxidant capacity in Sprague-Dawley rats. Life Sci 2023; 324:121746. [PMID: 37121540 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The study of molecular mechanisms related to obesity and associated pathologies like type 2-diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease requires animal experimental models in which the type of obesogenic diet and length of the experimental period to induce obesity deeply affect the metabolic alterations. Therefore, this study aimed to test the influence of aging along a rat model of diet-induced obesity in gene expression of the hepatic transcriptome. MAIN METHODS A high-fat/high-fructose diet to induce obesity was used. Mid- (13 weeks) and long-term (21 weeks) periods were established. Caloric intake, bodyweight, hepatic fat, fatty acid profile, histological changes, antioxidant activity, and complete transcriptome were analyzed. KEY FINDINGS Excess bodyweight, hepatic steatosis and altered lipid histology, modifications in liver antioxidant activity, and dysregulated expression of transcripts related to cell structure, glucose & lipid metabolism, antioxidant & detoxifying capacity were found. Modifications in obese and control rats were accounted for by the different lengths of the experimental period studied. SIGNIFICANCE Main mechanisms of hepatic fat accumulation were de novo lipogenesis or altered fatty acid catabolism for mid- or long-term study, respectively. Therefore, the choice of obesity-induction length is a key factor in the model of obesity used as a control for each specific experimental design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro García-Beltrán
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Institute for Research in Sport and Health (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Rosario Martínez
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Institute for Research in Sport and Health (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Jesus M Porres
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Institute for Research in Sport and Health (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain.
| | - Francisco Arrebola
- Department of Histology, Institute of Neurosciences, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Ruiz Artero
- Department of Histology, Institute of Neurosciences, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Milagros Galisteo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Universidad de Granada, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Aranda
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Institute for Research in Sport and Health (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Garyfallia Kapravelou
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Institute for Research in Sport and Health (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - María López-Jurado
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INyTA), Centre for Biomedical Research (CIBM), Institute for Research in Sport and Health (IMUDS), Universidad de Granada, 18016 Granada, Spain
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5
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Pita-Grisanti V, Dubay K, Lahooti A, Badi N, Ueltschi O, Gumpper-Fedus K, Hsueh HY, Lahooti I, Chavez-Tomar M, Terhorst S, Knoblaugh SE, Cao L, Huang W, Coss CC, Mace TA, Choueiry F, Hinton A, Mitchell JM, Schmandt R, Grinsfelder MO, Basen-Engquist K, Cruz-Monserrate Z. Physical Activity Delays Obesity-Associated Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma in Mice and Decreases Inflammation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.03.521203. [PMID: 36711764 PMCID: PMC9881853 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.03.521203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Obesity is a risk factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a deadly disease with limited preventive strategies. Lifestyle interventions to decrease obesity might prevent obesity-associated PDAC. Here, we examined whether decreasing obesity by increased physical activity (PA) and/or dietary changes would decrease inflammation in humans and prevent PDAC in mice. METHODS Circulating inflammatory-associated cytokines of overweight and obese subjects before and after a PA intervention were compared. PDAC pre-clinical models were exposed to PA and/or dietary interventions after obesity-associated cancer initiation. Body composition, tumor progression, growth, fibrosis, inflammation, and transcriptomic changes in the adipose tissue were evaluated. RESULTS PA decreased the levels of systemic inflammatory cytokines in overweight and obese subjects. PDAC mice on a diet-induced obesity (DIO) and PA intervention, had delayed weight gain, decreased systemic inflammation, lower grade pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia lesions, reduced PDAC incidence, and increased anti-inflammatory signals in the adipose tissue compared to controls. PA had additional cancer prevention benefits when combined with a non-obesogenic diet after DIO. However, weight loss through PA alone or combined with a dietary intervention did not prevent tumor growth in an orthotopic PDAC model. Adipose-specific targeting of interleukin (IL)-15, an anti-inflammatory cytokine induced by PA in the adipose tissue, slowed PDAC growth. CONCLUSIONS PA alone or combined with diet-induced weight loss delayed the progression of PDAC and reduced systemic and adipose inflammatory signals. Therefore, obesity management via dietary interventions and/or PA, or modulating weight loss related pathways could prevent obesity-associated PDAC in high-risk obese individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Pita-Grisanti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- The Ohio State University Interdisciplinary Nutrition Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Kelly Dubay
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Ali Lahooti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Niharika Badi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Olivia Ueltschi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Kristyn Gumpper-Fedus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Hsiang-Yin Hsueh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- The Ohio State University Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Ila Lahooti
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Myrriah Chavez-Tomar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Samantha Terhorst
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Sue E. Knoblaugh
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Lei Cao
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Wei Huang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Christopher C. Coss
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Thomas A. Mace
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Fouad Choueiry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Alice Hinton
- Division of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Jennifer M Mitchell
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Rosemarie Schmandt
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Michaela Onstad Grinsfelder
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, Division of Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Karen Basen-Engquist
- Department of Behavioral Science, Center for Energy Balance, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Zobeida Cruz-Monserrate
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
- The Comprehensive Cancer Center–Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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Hirsch GE, Heck TG. Inflammation, oxidative stress and altered heat shock response in type 2 diabetes: the basis for new pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:411-425. [PMID: 31746233 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2019.1687522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is a chronic disease characterised by variable degrees of insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. Besides, several pieces of evidence have shown that chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, and 70 kDa heat shock proteins (HSP70) are strongly involved in DM2 and its complications, and various pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment alternatives act in these processes/molecules to modulate them and ameliorate the disease. Besides, uncontrolled hyperglycaemia is related to several complications as diabetic retinopathy, neuropathy and hepatic, renal and cardiac complications. In this review, we address discuss the involvement of different inflammatory and pro-oxidant pathways related to DM2, and we described molecular targets modulated by therapeutics currently available to treat DM2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Elisa Hirsch
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul State (UNIJUÍ), Rua do Comércio, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUÍ/UNICRUZ), Regional University of Northwestern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul (UNIJUÍ), Rua do Comércio, Brazil
| | - Thiago Gomes Heck
- Research Group in Physiology, Department of Life Sciences, Regional University of Northwestern Rio Grande do Sul State (UNIJUÍ), Rua do Comércio, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Integral Attention to Health (PPGAIS-UNIJUÍ/UNICRUZ), Regional University of Northwestern region of the state of Rio Grande do Sul (UNIJUÍ), Rua do Comércio, Brazil
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Anwer H, Morris MJ, Noble DWA, Nakagawa S, Lagisz M. Transgenerational effects of obesogenic diets in rodents: A meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2022; 23:e13342. [PMID: 34595817 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a major health condition that affects millions worldwide. There is an increased interest in understanding the adverse outcomes associated with obesogenic diets. A multitude of studies have investigated the transgenerational impacts of maternal and parental obesogenic diets on subsequent generations of offspring, but results have largely been mixed. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on rodent studies to elucidate how obesogenic diets impact the mean and variance of grand-offspring traits. Our study focused on transgenerational effects (i.e., F2 and F3 generations) in one-off and multigenerational exposure studies. From 33 included articles, we obtained 407 effect sizes representing pairwise comparisons of control and treatment grand-offspring groups pertaining to measures of body weight, adiposity, glucose, insulin, leptin, and triglycerides. We found evidence that male and female grand-offspring descended from grandparents exposed to an obesogenic diet displayed phenotypes consistent with metabolic syndrome, especially in cases where the obesogenic diet was continued across generations. Further, we found stronger evidence for the effects of grand-maternal than grand-paternal exposure on grand-offspring traits. A high-fat diet in one-off exposure studies did not seem to impact phenotypic variation, whereas in multigenerational exposure studies it reduced variation in several traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamza Anwer
- Evolution and Ecology Research Centre and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Margaret J Morris
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Daniel W A Noble
- Evolution and Ecology Research Centre and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Shinichi Nakagawa
- Evolution and Ecology Research Centre and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Malgorzata Lagisz
- Evolution and Ecology Research Centre and School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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8
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Liput KP, Lepczyński A, Nawrocka A, Poławska E, Ogłuszka M, Jończy A, Grzybek W, Liput M, Szostak A, Urbański P, Roszczyk A, Pareek CS, Pierzchała M. Effects of Three-Month Administration of High-Saturated Fat Diet and High-Polyunsaturated Fat Diets with Different Linoleic Acid (LA, C18:2n-6) to α-Linolenic Acid (ALA, C18:3n-3) Ratio on the Mouse Liver Proteome. Nutrients 2021; 13:1678. [PMID: 34063343 PMCID: PMC8156955 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of different types of high-fat diets (HFDs) on the proteomic profile of mouse liver. The analysis included four dietary groups of mice fed a standard diet (STD group), a high-fat diet rich in SFAs (SFA group), and high-fat diets dominated by PUFAs with linoleic acid (LA, C18:2n-6) to α-linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3n-3) ratios of 14:1 (14:1 group) and 5:1 (5:1 group). After three months of diets, liver proteins were resolved by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) using 17 cm non-linear 3-10 pH gradient strips. Protein spots with different expression were identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF. The expression of 13 liver proteins was changed in the SFA group compared to the STD group (↓: ALB, APOA1, IVD, MAT1A, OAT and PHB; ↑: ALDH1L1, UniProtKB-Q91V76, GALK1, GPD1, HMGCS2, KHK and TKFC). Eleven proteins with altered expression were recorded in the 14:1 group compared to the SFA group (↓: ARG1, FTL1, GPD1, HGD, HMGCS2 and MAT1A; ↑: APOA1, CA3, GLO1, HDHD3 and IVD). The expression of 11 proteins was altered in the 5:1 group compared to the SFA group (↓: ATP5F1B, FTL1, GALK1, HGD, HSPA9, HSPD1, PC and TKFC; ↑: ACAT2, CA3 and GSTP1). High-PUFA diets significantly affected the expression of proteins involved in, e.g., carbohydrate metabolism, and had varying effects on plasma total cholesterol and glucose levels. The outcomes of this study revealed crucial liver proteins affected by different high-fat diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila P. Liput
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (K.P.L.); (A.N.); (E.P.); (M.O.); (A.S.); (P.U.); (A.R.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland;
| | - Adam Lepczyński
- Department of Physiology, Cytobiology and Proteomics, West Pomeranian University of Technology, K. Janickiego 32 Str., 71-270 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Agata Nawrocka
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (K.P.L.); (A.N.); (E.P.); (M.O.); (A.S.); (P.U.); (A.R.)
- Department of Experimental Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
| | - Ewa Poławska
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (K.P.L.); (A.N.); (E.P.); (M.O.); (A.S.); (P.U.); (A.R.)
| | - Magdalena Ogłuszka
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (K.P.L.); (A.N.); (E.P.); (M.O.); (A.S.); (P.U.); (A.R.)
| | - Aneta Jończy
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland;
| | - Weronika Grzybek
- Department of Biotechnology and Nutrigenomics, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland;
| | - Michał Liput
- Department of Stem Cell Bioengineering, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Szostak
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (K.P.L.); (A.N.); (E.P.); (M.O.); (A.S.); (P.U.); (A.R.)
| | - Paweł Urbański
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (K.P.L.); (A.N.); (E.P.); (M.O.); (A.S.); (P.U.); (A.R.)
| | - Agnieszka Roszczyk
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (K.P.L.); (A.N.); (E.P.); (M.O.); (A.S.); (P.U.); (A.R.)
| | - Chandra S. Pareek
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
- Division of Functional Genomics in Biological and Biomedical Research, Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Mariusz Pierzchała
- Department of Genomics and Biodiversity, Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Postepu 36A, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland; (K.P.L.); (A.N.); (E.P.); (M.O.); (A.S.); (P.U.); (A.R.)
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9
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Petriv N, Neubert L, Vatashchuk M, Timrott K, Suo H, Hochnadel I, Huber R, Petzold C, Hrushchenko A, Yatsenko AS, Shcherbata HR, Wedemeyer H, Lichtinghagen R, Falfushynska H, Lushchak V, Manns MP, Bantel H, Semchyshyn H, Yevsa T. Increase of α-dicarbonyls in liver and receptor for advanced glycation end products on immune cells are linked to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and liver cancer. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1874159. [PMID: 33628620 PMCID: PMC7889131 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1874159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver with a very poor prognosis and constantly growing incidence. Among other primary risks of HCC, metabolic disorders and obesity have been extensively investigated over recent decades. The latter can promote nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) leading to the inflammatory form of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), that, in turn, promotes HCC. Molecular determinants of this pathogenic progression, however, remain largely undefined. In this study, we have focussed on the investigation of α-dicarbonyl compounds (α-dC), highly reactive and tightly associated with overweight-induced metabolic disorders, and studied their potential role in NAFLD and progression toward HCC using murine models. NAFLD was induced using high-fat diet (HFD). Autochthonous HCC was induced using transposon-based stable intrahepatic overexpression of oncogenic NRASG12V in mice lacking p19Arf tumor suppressor. Our study demonstrates that the HFD regimen and HCC resulted in strong upregulation of α-dC in the liver, heart, and muscles. In addition, an increase in α-dC was confirmed in sera of NAFLD and NASH patients. Furthermore, higher expression of the receptor for advanced glycation products (RAGE) was detected exclusively on immune cells and not on stroma cells in livers of mice with liver cancer progression. Our work confirms astable interplay of liver inflammation, carbonyl stress mediated by α-dC, and upregulated RAGE expression on CD8+ Tand natural killer (NK) cells in situ in NAFLD and HCC, as key factors/determinants in liver disease progression. The obtained findings underline the role of α-dC and RAGE+CD8+ Tand RAGE+ NK cells as biomarkers and candidates for a local therapeutic intervention in NAFLD and malignant liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Petriv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lavinia Neubert
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Myroslava Vatashchuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Kai Timrott
- Department of General-, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Huizhen Suo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Inga Hochnadel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - René Huber
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Anastasiia Hrushchenko
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Andriy S Yatsenko
- Gene Expression and Signaling Group, Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Halyna R Shcherbata
- Gene Expression and Signaling Group, Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Heiner Wedemeyer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralf Lichtinghagen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Halina Falfushynska
- Department of Biochemistry, Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Michael P Manns
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heike Bantel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Halyna Semchyshyn
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Tetyana Yevsa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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10
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The Effects of the Combination of Buckwheat D-Fagomine and Fish Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Oxidative Stress and Related Risk Factors in Pre-Obese Rats. Foods 2021; 10:foods10020332. [PMID: 33557198 PMCID: PMC7913974 DOI: 10.3390/foods10020332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The combined supplementation of buckwheat D-fagomine (FG) and fish omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) attenuates the development of insulin resistance in rats fed a high-fat (HF) diet. This study aimed to examine the effects of combined supplementation with FG and ω-3 PUFA on dyslipidemia, transaminases, interleukin-6, and oxidative stress. Forty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a standard diet, an HF diet, an HF diet supplemented with FG, an HF diet supplemented with ω-3 PUFA, or an HF diet supplemented with FG and ω-3 PUFA for 21 weeks. Triacylglycerol, cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and interleukin-6 were measured. The assessment of oxidative stress included plasma antioxidant capacity, antioxidant enzyme activities, glutathione content, lipid peroxidation, and protein carbonylation. The combined supplementation with FG and ω-3 PUFA did not attenuate the slight accumulation of liver cholesterol induced by the HF diet but normalized the plasma alanine aminotransferase activity. Rats fed the HF diet supplemented with the combination showed a lower amount of plasma interleukin-6 than those fed a standard diet. The combination attenuated oxidative damage induced by the HF diet, decreased antioxidant enzyme activities, and enhanced glutathione status. The beneficial effects of the combination of FG and ω-3 PUFA on oxidative stress and related risk factors in pre-obese rats were mainly modulated by ω-3 PUFA.
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11
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Conn CS, Yang H, Tom HJ, Ikeda K, Oses-Prieto JA, Vu H, Oguri Y, Nair S, Gill RM, Kajimura S, DeBerardinis RJ, Burlingame AL, Ruggero D. The major cap-binding protein eIF4E regulates lipid homeostasis and diet-induced obesity. Nat Metab 2021; 3:244-257. [PMID: 33619378 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00349-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a global epidemic leading to increased mortality and susceptibility to comorbidities, with few viable therapeutic interventions. A hallmark of disease progression is the ectopic deposition of lipids in the form of lipid droplets in vital organs such as the liver. However, the mechanisms underlying the dynamic storage and processing of lipids in peripheral organs remain an outstanding question. Here, we show an unexpected function for the major cap-binding protein, eIF4E, in high-fat-diet-induced obesity. In response to lipid overload, select networks of proteins involved in fat deposition are altered in eIF4E-deficient mice. Specifically, distinct messenger RNAs involved in lipid metabolic processing and storage pathways are enhanced at the translation level by eIF4E. Failure to translationally upregulate these mRNAs results in increased fatty acid oxidation, which enhances energy expenditure. We further show that inhibition of eIF4E phosphorylation genetically-and by a potent clinical compound-restrains weight gain following intake of a high-fat diet. Together, our study uncovers translational control of lipid processing as a driver of high-fat-diet-induced weight gain and provides a pharmacological target to treat obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal S Conn
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- School of Medicine and Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Haojun Yang
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- School of Medicine and Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Harrison J Tom
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- School of Medicine and Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kenji Ikeda
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Juan A Oses-Prieto
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Hieu Vu
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yasuo Oguri
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Supna Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ryan M Gill
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Shingo Kajimura
- Diabetes Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Cell and Tissue Biology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ralph J DeBerardinis
- Children's Research Institute and Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Alma L Burlingame
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Davide Ruggero
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- School of Medicine and Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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12
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Ludwig DS, Dickinson SL, Henschel B, Ebbeling CB, Allison DB. Do Lower-Carbohydrate Diets Increase Total Energy Expenditure? An Updated and Reanalyzed Meta-Analysis of 29 Controlled-Feeding Studies. J Nutr 2020; 151:482-490. [PMID: 33274750 PMCID: PMC7948201 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxaa350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of macronutrient composition on total energy expenditure (TEE) remains controversial, with divergent findings among studies. One source of heterogeneity may be study duration, as physiological adaptation to lower carbohydrate intake may require 2 to 3 wk. OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that the effects of carbohydrate [expressed as % of energy intake (EI)] on TEE vary with time. METHODS The sample included trials from a previous meta-analysis and new trials identified in a PubMed search through 9 March 2020 comparing lower- and higher-carbohydrate diets, controlled for EI or body weight. Three reviewers independently extracted data and reconciled discrepancies. Effects on TEE were pooled using inverse-variance-weighted meta-analysis, with between-study heterogeneity assessed using the I2 statistic. Meta-regression was used to quantify the influence of study duration, dichotomized at 2.5 wk. RESULTS The 29 trials ranged in duration from 1 to 140 d (median: 4 d) and included 617 participants. Difference in carbohydrate between intervention arms ranged from 8% to 77% EI (median: 30%). Compared with reported findings in the prior analysis (I2 = 32.2%), we found greater heterogeneity (I2 = 90.9% in the reanalysis, 81.6% in the updated analysis). Study duration modified the diet effect on TEE (P < 0.001). Among 23 shorter trials, TEE was reduced on lower-carbohydrate diets (-50.0 kcal/d; 95% CI: -77.4, -22.6 kcal/d) with substantial heterogeneity (I2 = 69.8). Among 6 longer trials, TEE was increased on low-carbohydrate diets (135.4 kcal/d; 95% CI: 72.0, 198.7 kcal/d) with low heterogeneity (I2 = 26.4). Expressed per 10% decrease in carbohydrate as %EI, the TEE effects in shorter and longer trials were -14.5 kcal/d and 50.4 kcal/d, respectively. Findings were materially unchanged in sensitivity analyses. CONCLUSIONS Lower-carbohydrate diets transiently reduce TEE, with a larger increase after ∼2.5 wk. These findings highlight the importance of longer trials to understand chronic macronutrient effects and suggest a mechanism whereby lower-carbohydrate diets may facilitate weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Beate Henschel
- Indiana University School of Public Health–Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - Cara B Ebbeling
- New Balance Foundation Obesity Prevention Center, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David B Allison
- Indiana University School of Public Health–Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, USA
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13
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The Effect of Isoleucine Supplementation on Body Weight Gain and Blood Glucose Response in Lean and Obese Mice. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082446. [PMID: 32823899 PMCID: PMC7468706 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic isoleucine supplementation prevents diet-induced weight gain in rodents. Acute-isoleucine administration improves glucose tolerance in rodents and reduces postprandial glucose levels in humans. However, the effect of chronic-isoleucine supplementation on body weight and glucose tolerance in obesity is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the impact of chronic isoleucine on body weight gain and glucose tolerance in lean and high-fat-diet (HFD) induced-obese mice. Male C57BL/6-mice, fed a standard-laboratory-diet (SLD) or HFD for 12 weeks, were randomly allocated to: (1) Control: Drinking water; (2) Acute: Drinking water with a gavage of isoleucine (300 mg/kg) prior to the oral-glucose-tolerance-test (OGTT) or gastric-emptying-breath-test (GEBT); (3) Chronic: Drinking water with 1.5% isoleucine, for a further six weeks. At 16 weeks, an OGTT and GEBT was performed and at 17 weeks metabolic monitoring. In SLD- and HFD-mice, there was no difference in body weight, fat mass, and plasma lipid profiles between isoleucine treatment groups. Acute-isoleucine did not improve glucose tolerance in SLD- or HFD-mice. Chronic-isoleucine impaired glucose tolerance in SLD-mice. There was no difference in gastric emptying between any groups. Chronic-isoleucine did not alter energy intake, energy expenditure, or respiratory quotient in SLD- or HFD-mice. In conclusion, chronic isoleucine supplementation may not be an effective treatment for obesity or glucose intolerance.
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14
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Biochemical and nutritional overview of diet-induced metabolic syndrome models in rats: what is the best choice? Nutr Diabetes 2020; 10:24. [PMID: 32616730 PMCID: PMC7331639 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-020-0127-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MS) is a condition that includes obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemias among other, abnormalities that favors type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular diseases development. Three main diet-induced metabolic syndrome models in rats exist: High carbohydrate diet (HCHD), high fat diet (HFD), and high carbohydrate-high fat diet (HCHHFD). We analyzed data from at least 35 articles per diet, from different research groups, to determine their effect on the development of the MS, aimed to aid researchers in choosing the model that better suits their research question; and also the best parameter that defines obesity, as there is no consensus to determine this condition in rats. For the HCHD we found a mild effect on body weight gain and fasting blood glucose levels (FBG), but significant increases in triglycerides, fasting insulin, insulin resistance and visceral fat accumulation. HFD had the greater increase in the parameters previously mentioned, followed by HCHHFD, which had a modest effect on FBG levels. Therefore, to study early stages of MS a HCHD is recommended, while HFD and HCHHFD better reproduce more severe stages of MS. We recommend the assessment of visceral fat accumulation as a good estimate for obesity in the rat.
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15
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Effects of Fish Oil and Grape Seed Extract Combination on Hepatic Endogenous Antioxidants and Bioactive Lipids in Diet-Induced Early Stages of Insulin Resistance in Rats. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18060318. [PMID: 32560216 PMCID: PMC7345288 DOI: 10.3390/md18060318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Diacylglycerols (DAG) and ceramides have been suggested as early predictors of insulin resistance. This study was aimed to examine the combined effects of fish oil (FO) and grape seed extract (GSE) on hepatic endogenous antioxidants, DAG and ceramides in diet-induced early stages of insulin resistance. Thirty-five rats were fed one of the following diets: (1) a standard diet (STD group), (2) a high-fat high-sucrose diet (HFHS group), (3) an HFHS diet enriched with FO (FO group), (4) an HFHS diet enriched with GSE (GSE group) or (5) an HFHS diet enriched with FO and GSE (FO + GSE group). In the liver, endogenous antioxidants were measured using spectrophotometric and fluorometric techniques, and non-targeted lipidomics was conducted for the assessment of DAG and ceramides. After 24 weeks, the FO + GSE group showed increased glutathione peroxidase activity, as well as monounsaturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing DAG, and long-chain fatty acid-containing ceramides abundances compared to the STD group. The FO and GSE combination induced similar activation of the antioxidant system and bioactive lipid accumulation in the liver than the HFHS diet without supplementation. In addition, the FO and GSE combination increased the abundances of polyunsaturated fatty acid-containing DAG in the liver.
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16
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Chen Z, Tian R, She Z, Cai J, Li H. Role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 152:116-141. [PMID: 32156524 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 576] [Impact Index Per Article: 144.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as the most common chronic liver disease worldwide and is strongly associated with the presence of oxidative stress. Disturbances in lipid metabolism lead to hepatic lipid accumulation, which affects different reactive oxygen species (ROS) generators, including mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and NADPH oxidase. Mitochondrial function adapts to NAFLD mainly through the downregulation of the electron transport chain (ETC) and the preserved or enhanced capacity of mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation, which stimulates ROS overproduction within different ETC components upstream of cytochrome c oxidase. However, non-ETC sources of ROS, in particular, fatty acid β-oxidation, appear to produce more ROS in hepatic metabolic diseases. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and NADPH oxidase alterations are also associated with NAFLD, but the degree of their contribution to oxidative stress in NAFLD remains unclear. Increased ROS generation induces changes in insulin sensitivity and in the expression and activity of key enzymes involved in lipid metabolism. Moreover, the interaction between redox signaling and innate immune signaling forms a complex network that regulates inflammatory responses. Based on the mechanistic view described above, this review summarizes the mechanisms that may account for the excessive production of ROS, the potential mechanistic roles of ROS that drive NAFLD progression, and therapeutic interventions that are related to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Institute of Model Animals of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Ruifeng Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Institute of Model Animals of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Zhigang She
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Institute of Model Animals of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China; Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China; Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, PR China; Institute of Model Animals of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, PR China; Institute of Model Animals of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, PR China; Basic Medical School, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China; Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, PR China.
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17
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Lo B, Marty-Gasset N, Manse H, Bannelier C, Bravo C, Domitile R, Rémignon H. Cellular markers of mule duck livers after force-feeding. Poult Sci 2020; 99:3567-3573. [PMID: 32616253 PMCID: PMC7597809 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The “Foie gras” or fatty liver is the result of hepatic steatosis from nutritional origin and induced by the force-feeding of palmipeds. Despite identical rearing and force-feeding conditions of ducks from the same breed, different liver weights, within a range of 500 to more than 700 g, are generally observed at the time of evisceration. To better understand the determinism of this large variability in fatty liver weights, the activity of various metabolic pathways has been explored in 4 groups of steatotic livers differing by their weights. Different analyses were performed using biochemical assays on metabolites as well as ELISA tests or enzyme activity assays. The result showed that an increase in the final liver weight is always associated with a hypoxic response and even a severe hypoxia observed in livers with the highest weights (more than 650 g). This is also combined with a rise in the cellular oxidative stress level. In addition, for the heaviest livers (more than 700 g), signs of cell death by apoptosis were also observed, while others programmed cell death pathways, such as ferroptosis or necroptosis, seemed to be nonactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bara Lo
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | | | - Hélène Manse
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Carole Bannelier
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | - Céline Bravo
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France
| | | | - Hervé Rémignon
- GenPhySE, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, 31326 Castanet Tolosan, France.
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18
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Louala S, Lamri-Senhadji M. Beneficial Effects of Low-Calorie-Carbohydrate/High-Agar Diet on Cardiometabolic Disorders Associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Rats. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2019; 24:400-409. [PMID: 31915635 PMCID: PMC6941718 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2019.24.4.400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy restriction and low carbohydrate diets are recommended as nutrition therapies to prevent becoming overweight or obese. However, their beneficial effects in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are less well investigated. In addition, the effects of the type of polysaccharides incorporated into these diets and their contents have been scarcely studied. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate whether low-calorie-carbohydrate high-agar diets could improve liver metabolic dysfunction, membrane fluidity, oxidative damage, and endothelial dysfunction in obese rats. Obesity was induced by feeding rats a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks. The obese rats were then divided into two homogenous groups: the first group was fed low-calorie-carbohydrate/high-agar diet (LCC/HA) and the second continued to consume the HFD for 4 weeks [obese control (Ob-C)]. Normo-ponderal rats were fed a normal diet during the entire study, and were used as the control (N-C). Compared with the Ob-C group, body weight, hepatic lipids, low density lipoproteins cholesterol (C), the non esterified cholesterol/phospholipids ratio, serum transaminases activities, and lipid peroxidation markers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and lipid hydroperoxides) were reduced in LCC/HA group (P<0.05). However, the serum concentration of high density lipoproteins-C was enhanced (P<0.05). In addition, we observed improved antioxidant defence and endothelial dysfunction associated with antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase (P<0.05), and nitric oxide level (P<0.05). These findings suggest that hypocaloric diets low in energy and carbohydrates and rich in agar may be beneficial against HFD-induced hepatic steatosis damage, and may be a promising therapeutic strategy to counteract NAFLD development associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrine Louala
- Laboratory of Clinical and Metabolic Nutrition (LNCM), Department Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Oran 1, Oran 31100, Algeria
| | - Myriem Lamri-Senhadji
- Laboratory of Clinical and Metabolic Nutrition (LNCM), Department Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Oran 1, Oran 31100, Algeria
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19
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Wang S, Ai H, Liu L, Zhang X, Gao F, Zheng L, Yi J, Sun L, Yu C, Zhao H, Li Y. Micro-RNA-27a/b negatively regulates hepatic gluconeogenesis by targeting FOXO1. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2019; 317:E911-E924. [PMID: 31526292 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00190.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In the context of hepatic insulin resistance, hepatic gluconeogenesis is abnormally increased, which results in increased hepatic glucose production and hyperglycemia, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be fully elucidated. Micro-RNAs (miRNAs) have been identified as critical regulators of diabetes and other metabolic disorders. In this study, we found that the expressions of miRNA-27 family members miRNA-27a and miRNA-27b (miR-27a/b) decreased significantly in the livers of diabetic mice. Moreover, the levels of miR-27a/b increased in the serum of patients with type 2 diabetes. Our present results showed that inhibition of miR-27a/b expression led to increased hepatic protein levels of glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and enhanced hepatic gluconeogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of miR-27a/b suppressed hepatic glucose output and alleviated hyperglycemia in diabetic mice. Further study revealed that forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) is a downstream target of miR-27a/b. Taken together, we found novel evidence suggesting that miR-27a/b contributes to hepatic gluconeogenesis through targeting FOXO1 and provided novel mechanistic insight into the pathophysiology of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyue Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- Research Center of Agriculture and Medicine Gene Engineering of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Huihan Ai
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Research Center of Agriculture and Medicine Gene Engineering of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Feng Gao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Lihua Zheng
- Research Center of Agriculture and Medicine Gene Engineering of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Jingwen Yi
- Research Center of Agriculture and Medicine Gene Engineering of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Luguo Sun
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunlei Yu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Druggable Gene and Protein Screening, School of Life Sciences, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Huiying Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuxin Li
- Research Center of Agriculture and Medicine Gene Engineering of Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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20
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Morais Mewes J, Rodrigues Silva Gasparin F, Yoshida T, Amâncio Daniel da Silva M, Raquel Marçal Natali M, Francisco Veiga Bizerra P, Sayuri Utsunomiya K, Hideo Gilglioni E, Shigueaki Mito M, Cristiane Mantovanelli G, Thais Lima de Souza B, Makiyama Klosowski E, Luiza Ishii-Iwamoto E, Constantin J, Polimeni Constantin R. The Role of Mitochondria in Sex-Dependent Differences in Hepatic Steatosis and Oxidative Stress in Response to Cafeteria Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice. Nutrients 2019; 11:E1618. [PMID: 31315289 PMCID: PMC6682896 DOI: 10.3390/nu11071618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Female mice fed a cafeteria diet (FCaf) develop higher liver steatosis and oxidative stress than males (MCaf) as a consequence of unresolved ER stress. Here, we investigated whether mitochondria play a role in this sex difference. The isolated mitochondria from FCaf showed more signs of oxidative stress than those of MCaf, correlated with a reduced content of GSH, increased amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and lower activities of enzymes involved in ROS neutralisation. Mitochondria from FCaf and MCaf livers exhibited lower rates of succinate-driven state III respiration and reduced ATPase activity in intact coupled mitochondria compared to their controls fed a standard diet (FC and MC), with no differences between the sexes. Fatty acid oxidation in mitochondria and peroxisomes was higher in MCaf and FCaf compared to their respective controls. In the intact perfused liver, there was no difference between sex or diet regarding the fatty acid oxidation rate. These results indicated that cafeteria diet did not affect mitochondrial energy metabolism, even in FCaf livers, which have higher steatosis and cellular oxidative stress. Nevertheless, the increase in mitochondrial ROS generation associated with a decrease in the antioxidant defence capacity, probably contributes to inducing or reinforcing the ER stress in FCaf livers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Morais Mewes
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Rodrigues Silva Gasparin
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Tiago Yoshida
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Mariana Amâncio Daniel da Silva
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Maria Raquel Marçal Natali
- Department of Morphophysiological Sciences, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Paulo Francisco Veiga Bizerra
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Karina Sayuri Utsunomiya
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Hideo Gilglioni
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Marcio Shigueaki Mito
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Cristiane Mantovanelli
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Byanca Thais Lima de Souza
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Makiyama Klosowski
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Emy Luiza Ishii-Iwamoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Jorgete Constantin
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Polimeni Constantin
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biological Oxidations and Laboratory of Experimental Steatosis, State University of Maringá, Maringá 87020-900, Paraná, Brazil.
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21
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Zhu Y, Liu G, Du X, Shi Z, Jin M, Sha X, Li X, Wang Z, Li X. Expression patterns of hepatic genes involved in lipid metabolism in cows with subclinical or clinical ketosis. J Dairy Sci 2019; 102:1725-1735. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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22
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Burgos-Aceves MA, Cohen A, Paolella G, Lepretti M, Smith Y, Faggio C, Lionetti L. Modulation of mitochondrial functions by xenobiotic-induced microRNA: From environmental sentinel organisms to mammals. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 645:79-88. [PMID: 30015121 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a crucial role in energetic metabolism, signaling pathways, and overall cell viability. They are in the first line in facing cellular energy requirements in stress conditions, such as in response to xenobiotic exposure. Recently, a novel regulatory key role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in important signaling pathways in mitochondria has been proposed. Consequently, alteration in miRNAs expression by xenobiotics could outcome into mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species overexpression, and liberation of apoptosis or necrosis activating proteins. The aim of this review is to show the highlights about mitochondria-associated miRNAs in cellular processes exposed to xenobiotic stress in different cell types involved in detoxification processes or sensitive to environmental hazards in marine sentinel organisms and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Alberto Burgos-Aceves
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Amit Cohen
- Genomic Data Analysis Unit, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Gaetana Paolella
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Marilena Lepretti
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Yoav Smith
- Genomic Data Analysis Unit, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem-Hadassah Medical School, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - Lillà Lionetti
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
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23
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Yoshimura S, Nakashima S, Tomiga Y, Kawakami S, Uehara Y, Higaki Y. Short- and long-term effects of high-fat diet feeding and voluntary exercise on hepatic lipid metabolism in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 507:291-296. [PMID: 30449601 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Exercise is an effective tool for improving high-fat diet induced fat accumulation in the liver. However, the process of fat accumulation in the liver and the efficacy of early intervention with exercise remain unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the short- and long-term effects of high-fat diet feeding and voluntary exercise on hepatic lipid metabolism in mice. Male C57BL/6J mice aged 6 weeks were randomly divided into two groups, the control group and high-fat diet feeding group, and fed a normal or high-fat diet for 12 weeks. After 6 weeks, mice in the high-fat diet feeding group were further divided into no exercise group and voluntary exercise training group, with mice in the exercise group provided a running wheel for 6 weeks. Body weight, food intake, and wheel rotation counts were measured every second day for 12 weeks. We found that voluntary exercise for 1 week (short-term exercise) significantly reduced fat accumulation in the liver by downregulating the expression of hepatic lipogenesis-associated proteins and upregulating the expression of hepatic lipolysis-associated proteins, as determined through western blotting and histology. Further, voluntary exercise for 6 weeks (long-term exercise) downregulated the expression of hepatic lipogenesis-associated proteins. These results suggest that hepatic lipogenesis and/or hepatic lipolysis mediate the beneficial effects of voluntary exercise on hepatic fat accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saki Yoshimura
- Graduate School of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Shihoko Nakashima
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yuki Tomiga
- The Fukuoka University Institute for Physical Activity, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Shotaro Kawakami
- Department of Rehabilitation, Fukuoka University Chikushi Hospital, 1-1-1 Zokumyoin, Chikushino, Fukuoka, 818-0067, Japan
| | - Yoshinari Uehara
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan; The Fukuoka University Institute for Physical Activity, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yasuki Higaki
- Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan; The Fukuoka University Institute for Physical Activity, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Johnan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
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24
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Togo M, Konari N, Tsukamoto M, Kimoto R, Yamaguchi T, Takeda H, Kambayashi I. Effects of a high-fat diet on superoxide anion generation and membrane fluidity in liver mitochondria in rats. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2018; 15:13. [PMID: 29568243 PMCID: PMC5853147 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-018-0217-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Obesity is a primary factor of lifestyle-related diseases, and the age of its onset has decreased. The reactive oxygen species (ROS), the superoxide anion, is generated in the mitochondrial electron transport chain and the damage it induces in cells may be a contributing factor to obesity-related lifestyle diseases. In the present study, the influence of the ingestion of a high-fat diet (HFD) on superoxide anion generation in rat liver mitochondria (Mt) and membrane fluidity was investigated. Methods Male Wistar rats were fed a normal diet (ND, n = 6) or HFD (n = 6). Liver Mt were isolated and oxygen consumption, superoxide anion production (the adrenaline method), and membrane fluidity (the spin label method) were measured. Results After 11 weeks, body weights and abdominal circumferences were higher in the HFD group than in the ND group. Mt oxygen consumption was higher in the HFD group than in the ND group. Superoxide anion production was significantly lower in the HFD group than in the ND group, while no significant changes were observed in membrane fluidity. Conclusion Although rats developed diet-induced obesity, it did not reach the level of disease development. The promotion of lipid metabolism appeared to reduce superoxide anion production, but did not influence membrane fluidity. While superoxide anion damages cells as an oxidative stress, ROS and superoxide dismutase are essential signaling molecules in the body. The present results suggest that the continuous ingestion of a HFD impairs Mt and induces disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Togo
- 1Graduate School of Dairy Sciences, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582, Midorimachi Bunkyodai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501 Japan
| | - N Konari
- 2Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, S1 W17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556 Japan
| | - M Tsukamoto
- 3School of International Culture Relations, Tokai University, 5-1, Minaminosawa, Minami-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 005-8601 Japan
| | - R Kimoto
- Asahikawa National Institute of Technology, 2-2-1-6, Syunkodai, Asahikawa, Hokkaido 071-8142 Japan
| | - T Yamaguchi
- 1Graduate School of Dairy Sciences, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582, Midorimachi Bunkyodai, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501 Japan
| | - H Takeda
- 5School of Health Sciences, Sapporo Medical University, S1 W17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8556 Japan
| | - I Kambayashi
- 6Department of Education, Hokkaido University of Education Sapporo, 3- 5, Ainosato Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 002-8502 Japan
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25
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Knebel B, Göddeke S, Hartwig S, Hörbelt T, Fahlbusch P, Al-Hasani H, Jacob S, Koellmer C, Nitzgen U, Schiller M, Lehr S, Kotzka J. Alteration of Liver Peroxisomal and Mitochondrial Functionality in the NZO Mouse Model of Metabolic Syndrome. Proteomics Clin Appl 2017; 12. [PMID: 29068532 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201700028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metabolic syndrome (MetS) consists of five risk factors: elevated blood pressure and fasting glucose, visceral obesity, dyslipidemia, and hypercholesterinemia. The physiological impact of lipid metabolism indicated as visceral obesity and hepatic lipid accumulation on MetS is still under debate. One major cause of disturbed lipid metabolism might be dysfunction of cellular organelles controlling energy homeostasis, i.e., mitochondria and peroxisomes. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The New Zealand Obese (NZO) mouse model exhibits a polygenic syndrome of obesity, insulin resistance, triglyceridemia, and hypercholesterolemia that resembles human metabolic syndrome. We applied a multi-omics approach combining lipidomics with liver transcriptomics and top-down MS based organelle proteomics (2D-DIGE) of highly enriched mitochondria and peroxisomes in male mice, to investigate molecular mechanisms related to the impact of lipid metabolism in the pathophysiology of the metabolic syndrome. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Proteome analyses of liver organelles indicate differences in fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism, mainly influenced by PG-C1α/PPARα and other nuclear receptor mediated pathways. These results are in accordance with altered serum lipid profiles and elevated organelle functionality. These data emphasize that metabolic syndrome is accompanied with increased mitochondria and peroxisomal activity to cope with dyslipidemia and hypercholesterinemia driven hepatic lipid overflow in developing a fatty liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Knebel
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Simon Göddeke
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sonja Hartwig
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Tina Hörbelt
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Pia Fahlbusch
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Hadi Al-Hasani
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf Medical Faculty, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sylvia Jacob
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Cornelia Koellmer
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Ulrike Nitzgen
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Martina Schiller
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan Lehr
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Jorg Kotzka
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center at the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Duesseldorf, Germany.,German Center of Diabetes Research Partner, Duesseldorf, Germany
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Ribel-Madsen A, Ribel-Madsen R, Brøns C, Newgard CB, Vaag AA, Hellgren LI. Plasma acylcarnitine profiling indicates increased fatty acid oxidation relative to tricarboxylic acid cycle capacity in young, healthy low birth weight men. Physiol Rep 2017; 4:4/19/e12977. [PMID: 27694528 PMCID: PMC5064135 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that an increased, incomplete fatty acid beta‐oxidation in mitochondria could be part of the metabolic events leading to insulin resistance and thereby an increased type 2 diabetes risk in low birth weight (LBW) compared with normal birth weight (NBW) individuals. Therefore, we measured fasting plasma levels of 45 acylcarnitine species in 18 LBW and 25 NBW men after an isocaloric control diet and a 5‐day high‐fat, high‐calorie diet. We demonstrated that LBW men had higher C2 and C4‐OH levels after the control diet compared with NBW men, indicating an increased fatty acid beta‐oxidation relative to the tricarboxylic acid cycle flux. Also, they had higher C6‐DC, C10‐OH/C8‐DC, and total hydroxyl‐/dicarboxyl‐acylcarnitine levels, which may suggest an increased fatty acid omega‐oxidation in the liver. Furthermore, LBW and NBW men decreased several acylcarnitine levels in response to overfeeding, which is likely a result of an upregulation of fatty acid oxidation due to the dietary challenge. Moreover, C10‐OH/C8‐DC and total hydroxyl‐/dicarboxyl‐acylcarnitine levels tended to be negatively associated with the serum insulin level, and the total hydroxyl‐/dicarboxyl‐acylcarnitine level additionally tended to be negatively associated with the hepatic insulin resistance index. This indicates that an increased fatty acid omega‐oxidation could be a compensatory mechanism to prevent an accumulation of lipid species that impair insulin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalie Ribel-Madsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Ribel-Madsen
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark Danish Diabetes Academy, Odense, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Brøns
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christopher B Newgard
- Sarah W. Stedman Nutrition and Metabolism, Center and Duke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Allan A Vaag
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars I Hellgren
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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27
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Lohr K, Pachl F, Moghaddas Gholami A, Geillinger KE, Daniel H, Kuster B, Klingenspor M. Reduced mitochondrial mass and function add to age-related susceptibility toward diet-induced fatty liver in C57BL/6J mice. Physiol Rep 2017; 4:4/19/e12988. [PMID: 27694529 PMCID: PMC5064140 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major health burden in the aging society with an urging medical need for a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms. Mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial‐derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered critical in the development of hepatic steatosis, the hallmark of NAFLD. Our study addressed in C57BL/6J mice the effect of high fat diet feeding and age on liver mitochondria at an early stage of NAFLD development. We therefore analyzed functional characteristics of hepatic mitochondria and associated alterations in the mitochondrial proteome in response to high fat feeding in adolescent, young adult, and middle‐aged mice. Susceptibility to diet‐induced obesity increased with age. Young adult and middle‐aged mice developed fatty liver, but not adolescent mice. Fat accumulation was negatively correlated with an age‐related reduction in mitochondrial mass and aggravated by a reduced capacity of fatty acid oxidation in high fat‐fed mice. Irrespective of age, high fat diet increased ROS production in hepatic mitochondria associated with a balanced nuclear factor erythroid‐derived 2 like 2 (NFE2L2) dependent antioxidative response, most likely triggered by reduced tethering of NFE2L2 to mitochondrial phosphoglycerate mutase 5. Age indirectly influenced mitochondrial function by reducing mitochondrial mass, thus exacerbating diet‐induced fat accumulation. Therefore, consideration of age in metabolic studies must be emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerstin Lohr
- Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Technische Universität München, Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany Z I E L - Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Fiona Pachl
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technische Universität München Bavarian Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Center, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Amin Moghaddas Gholami
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technische Universität München Bavarian Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Center, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Kerstin E Geillinger
- Z I E L - Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany Nutritional Physiology, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Hannelore Daniel
- Z I E L - Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany Nutritional Physiology, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Chair of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technische Universität München Bavarian Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry Center, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Martin Klingenspor
- Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Technische Universität München, Else Kröner Fresenius Center for Nutritional Medicine, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany Z I E L - Research Center for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Technische Universität München, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
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Chia (Salvia hispanicaL.) flour promotes beneficial effects on adipose tissue but not on glycaemic profile of diet-induced obesity in mice. EUR J LIPID SCI TECH 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejlt.201600384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Yimam M, Jiao P, Hong M, Brownell L, Lee YC, Hyun EJ, Kim HJ, Nam JB, Kim MR, Jia Q. UP601, a standardized botanical composition composed of Morus alba, Yerba mate and Magnolia officinalis for weight loss. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:114. [PMID: 28209193 PMCID: PMC5314713 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1627-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background The prevalence of obesity is surging in an alarming rate all over the world. Pharmaceutical drugs are considered potential adjunctive therapy to lifestyle modification. However, for most, besides being too expensive, their long term usages are hindered by their severe adverse effects. Here we describe the effect of UP601, a standardized blend of extracts from Morus alba, Yerba mate and Magnolia officinalis, in modulating a number of obesity-related phenotypic and biochemical markers in a high-fat high-fructose (HFF)-induced C57BL/6J mouse model of obesity. Method Adipogenesis activity of the composition was assessed in 3T3-L1 cells in vitro. Effects of UP601 on body weight and metabolic markers were evaluated. It was administered at oral doses of 300 mg/kg, 450 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg for 7 weeks. Orlistat (40 mg/kg/day) was used as a positive control. Body compositions of mice were assessed using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Serum biomarkers were measured for liver function and lipid profiling. Relative organ weights were determined. Histopathological analysis was performed for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) scoring. Results UP601 at 250 μg/ml resulted in 1.8-fold increase in lipolysis. Statistically significant changes in body weight (decreased by 9.1, 19.6 and 25.6% compared to the HFF group at week-7) were observed for mice treated with UP601 at 300, 450 and 600 mg/kg, respectively. Reductions of 9.1, 16.9, and 18.6% in total cholesterol; 45.0, 55.0, 63.6% in triglyceride; 34.8, 37.1 and 41.6% in LDL; 3.2, 21.6 (P = 0.03) and 33.7% (P = 0.005) in serum glucose were observed for UP601 at 300, 450 and 600 mg/kg, respectively. Body fat distribution was found reduced by 31.6 and 17.2% for the 450 mg/kg UP601 and orlistat, respectively, from the DEXA scan analysis. Up to an 89.1% reduction in mesenteric fat deposit was observed for UP601 in relative organ weight. Statistically significant improvements in NASH scores were observed for mice treated with UP601. Conclusion UP601, a standardized botanical composition from Morus alba, Yerba mate and Magnolia officinalis could potentially be used for achieving healthy weight loss and maintenance.
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Yoshimura S, Tomiga Y, Nakashima S, Ito A, Kawakami S, Tanaka H, Uehara Y, Higaki Y. Effects of voluntary exercise training on liver fat accumulation - Measurement of over time CT imaging -. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.7600/jspfsm.66.283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saki Yoshimura
- Graduate School of Sports and Health Science Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Fukuoka University
| | - Yuki Tomiga
- Graduate School of Sports and Health Science Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Fukuoka University
| | | | - Ai Ito
- Graduate School of Sports and Health Science Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Fukuoka University
| | - Shotaro Kawakami
- Graduate School of Sports and Health Science Laboratory of Exercise Physiology, Fukuoka University
| | - Hiroaki Tanaka
- Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University
- Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University
| | - Yoshinari Uehara
- Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University
- Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University
| | - Yasuki Higaki
- Institute for Physical Activity, Fukuoka University
- Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University
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Altered Interleukin-10 Signaling in Skeletal Muscle Regulates Obesity-Mediated Inflammation and Insulin Resistance. Mol Cell Biol 2016; 36:2956-2966. [PMID: 27644327 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00181-16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle insulin resistance is a major characteristic of obesity and type 2 diabetes. Although obesity-mediated inflammation is causally associated with insulin resistance, the underlying mechanism is unclear. Here, we examined the effects of chronic obesity in mice with muscle-specific overexpression of interleukin-10 (MIL10). After 16 weeks of a high-fat diet (HFD), MIL10 mice became markedly obese but showed improved insulin action compared to that of wild-type mice, which was largely due to increased glucose metabolism and reduced inflammation in skeletal muscle. Since leptin regulates inflammation, the beneficial effects of interleukin-10 (IL-10) were further examined in leptin-deficient ob/ob mice. Muscle-specific overexpression of IL-10 in ob/ob mice (MCK-IL10ob/ob) did not affect spontaneous obesity, but MCK-IL10ob/ob mice showed increased glucose turnover compared to that in ob/ob mice. Last, mice with muscle-specific ablation of IL-10 receptor (M-IL10R-/-) were generated to determine whether IL-10 signaling in skeletal muscle is involved in IL-10 effects on glucose metabolism. After an HFD, M-IL10R-/- mice developed insulin resistance with reduced glucose metabolism compared to that in wild-type mice. Overall, these results demonstrate IL-10 effects to attenuate obesity-mediated inflammation and improve insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle, and our findings implicate a potential therapeutic role of anti-inflammatory cytokines in treating insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.
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A possible link between hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction and diet-induced insulin resistance. Eur J Nutr 2016; 55:1-6. [PMID: 26476631 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-015-1073-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria are the main cellular sites devoted to ATP production and lipid oxidation. Therefore, the mitochondrial dysfunction could be an important determinant of cellular fate of circulating lipids, that accumulate in the cytoplasm, if they are not oxidized. The ectopic fat accumulation is associated with the development of insulin resistance, and a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and insulin resistance has been proposed. METHODS Recent data on the possible link existing between mitochondrial dysfunction in the liver and diet induced obesity will be summarized, focusing on the three factors that affect the mitochondrial oxidation of metabolic fuels, i.e. organelle number, organelle activity, and energetic efficiency of the mitochondrial machinery in synthesizing ATP. Search in PubMed relevant articles from 2003 to 2014 was conducted, by using query “liver mitochondria and obesity” “hepatic mitochondria and obesity” “liver mitochondria and high fat diet” and “hepatic mitochondria and high fat diet” and including related articles by the same groups. RESULTS Several works, by using different physiological approaches, have dealt with alteration in mitochondrial function in obesity and diabetes. Most results show that hepatic mitochondrial function is impaired in models of obesity and insulin resistance induced by high-fat or highfructose feeding. CONCLUSIONS Since mitochondria are the main producers of both cellular energy and free radicals, dysfunctional mitochondria could play an important role in the development of insulin resistance and ectopic fat storage in the liver, thus supporting the emerging idea that mitochondrial dysfunction is closely related to the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
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Lee SB, Cho HI, Jin YW, Lee EK, Ahn JY, Lee SM. Wild ginseng cambial meristematic cells ameliorate hepatic steatosis and mitochondrial dysfunction in high-fat diet-fed mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 2016; 68:119-27. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
The aim of this study was to determine the protective mechanisms of wild ginseng cambial meristematic cells (CMCs) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice.
Methods
Male C57BL/6 mice received either normal-fat diet or HFD for 10 weeks along with wild ginseng CMCs (75, 150 and 300 mg/kg) or vehicle (0.5% carboxyl methyl cellulose) by oral administration once a day. Triglyceride and total cholesterol contents were measured in liver and serum samples. Parameters for hepatic lipid metabolism and mitochondria biogenesis were assessed.
Key findings
Treatment with wild ginseng CMCs markedly attenuated body weight, serum and hepatic lipid contents, and serum aminotransferase activity. While wild ginseng CMCs attenuated the increases in sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBP-1) and carbohydrate-responsive element-binding protein (ChREBP) expression, it enhanced the increases in carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) expression. HFD decreased glutamate dehydrogenase activity and glutathione content, and increased lipid peroxidation, which were all attenuated by wild ginseng CMCs. Furthermore, wild ginseng CMCs enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis-related factors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ co activator 1α (PGC1α), nuclear respiratory factor 1 (NRF1) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM).
Conclusions
Wild ginseng CMCs protect against HFD-induced liver injury, which prevents lipid accumulation and mitochondrial oxidative stress, and enhances mitochondrial biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Bin Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Ik Cho
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Jin
- Plant Stem Cell Institute, Unhwa Corp., Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Kyong Lee
- Plant Stem Cell Institute, Unhwa Corp., Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeung Youb Ahn
- Plant Stem Cell Institute, Unhwa Corp., Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Mee Lee
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Pulsatile Hyperglycaemia Induces Vascular Oxidative Stress and GLUT 1 Expression More Potently than Sustained Hyperglycaemia in Rats on High Fat Diet. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0147412. [PMID: 26790104 PMCID: PMC4720376 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pulsatile hyperglycaemia resulting in oxidative stress may play an important role in the development of macrovascular complications. We investigated the effects of sustained vs. pulsatile hyperglycaemia in insulin resistant rats on markers of oxidative stress, enzyme expression and glucose metabolism in liver and aorta. We hypothesized that liver's ability to regulate the glucose homeostasis under varying states of hyperglycaemia may indirectly affect oxidative stress status in aorta despite the amount of glucose challenged with. METHODS Animals were infused with sustained high (SHG), low (SLG), pulsatile (PLG) glucose or saline (VEH) for 96 h. Oxidative stress status and key regulators of glucose metabolism in liver and aorta were investigated. RESULTS Similar response in plasma lipid oxidation was observed in PLG as in SHG. Likewise, in aorta, PLG and SHG displayed increased expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), gp-91PHOX and super oxide dismutase (SOD), while only the PLG group showed increased accumulation of oxidative stress and oxidised low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in aorta. CONCLUSION Pulsatile hyperglycaemia induced relatively higher levels of oxidative stress systemically and in aorta in particular than overt sustained hyperglycaemia thus supporting the clinical observations that pulsatile hyperglycaemia is an independent risk factor for diabetes related macrovascular complications.
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Kakimoto PA, Kowaltowski AJ. Effects of high fat diets on rodent liver bioenergetics and oxidative imbalance. Redox Biol 2016; 8:216-25. [PMID: 26826574 PMCID: PMC4753394 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Human metabolic diseases can be mimicked in rodents by using dietary interventions such as high fat diets (HFD). Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) develops as a result of HFD and the disease may progress in a manner involving increased production of oxidants. The main intracellular source of these oxidants are mitochondria, which are also responsible for lipid metabolism and thus widely recognized as important players in the pathology and progression of steatosis. Here, we review publications that study redox and bioenergetic effects of HFD in the liver. We find that dietary composition and protocol implementations vary widely, as do the results of these dietary interventions. Overall, all HFD promote steatosis, changes in β-oxidation, generation and consequences of oxidants, while effects on body weight, insulin signaling and other bioenergetic parameters are more variable with the experimental models adopted. Our review provides a broad analysis of the bioenergetic and redox changes promoted by HFD as well as suggestions for changes and specifications in methodologies that may help explain apparent disparities in the current literature. High fat diets (HFDs) induce steatosis, even with no weight changes . HFDs activate β-oxidation. HFDs promote oxidative imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pâmela A Kakimoto
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alicia J Kowaltowski
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
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Janssens S, Heemskerk MM, van den Berg SA, van Riel NA, Nicolay K, Willems van Dijk K, Prompers JJ. Effects of low-stearate palm oil and high-stearate lard high-fat diets on rat liver lipid metabolism and glucose tolerance. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2015; 12:57. [PMID: 26691906 PMCID: PMC4683731 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-015-0053-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Excess consumption of energy-dense, high-fat Western diets contributes to the development of obesity and obesity-related disorders, such as fatty liver disease. However, not only the quantity but also the composition of dietary fat may play a role in the development of liver steatosis. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of low-stearate palm oil and high-stearate lard high-fat diets on in vivo liver lipid metabolism. Methods Wistar rats were fed with either normal chow (CON), a high-fat diet based on palm oil (HFP), or a high-fat diet based on lard (HFL). After 10 weeks of diet, magnetic resonance spectroscopy was applied for the in vivo determination of intrahepatocellular lipid content and the uptake and turnover of dietary fat after oral administration of 13C-labeled lipids. Derangements in liver lipid metabolism were further assessed by measuring hepatic very-low density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion and ex vivo respiratory capacity of liver mitochondria using fat-derived substrates. In addition, whole-body and hepatic glucose tolerance were determined with an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. Results Both high-fat diets induced liver lipid accumulation (p < 0.001), which was accompanied by a delayed uptake and/or slower turnover of dietary fat in the liver (p < 0.01), but without any change in VLDL secretion rates. Surprisingly, liver lipid content was higher in HFP than in HFL (p < 0.05), despite the increased fatty acid oxidative capacity in isolated liver mitochondria of HFP animals (p < 0.05). In contrast, while both high-fat diets induced whole-body glucose intolerance, only HFL impaired hepatic glucose tolerance. Conclusion High-fat diets based on palm oil and lard similarly impair the handling of dietary lipids in the liver, but only the high-fat lard diet induces hepatic glucose intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Janssens
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Mattijs M Heemskerk
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd A van den Berg
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands ; Present address: Amphia Hospital, Breda, The Netherlands
| | - Natal A van Riel
- Computational Biology, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Klaas Nicolay
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Ko Willems van Dijk
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands ; Department of Medicine, division Endocrinology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Jeanine J Prompers
- Biomedical NMR, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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Mitochondria-related miR-141-3p contributes to mitochondrial dysfunction in HFD-induced obesity by inhibiting PTEN. Sci Rep 2015; 5:16262. [PMID: 26548909 PMCID: PMC4637860 DOI: 10.1038/srep16262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria-related microRNAs (miRNAs) have recently emerged as key regulators of cell metabolism and can modulate mitochondrial fusion and division. In order to investigate the roles of mitochondria-related miRNAs played in obesity, we conducted comprehensive molecular analysis in vitro and in vivo. Based on high-fat-diet (HFD) induced obese mice, we found that hepatic mitochondrial function was markedly altered. Subsequently, we evaluated the expression levels of selected mitochondria-related miRNAs and found that miR-141-3p was up-regulated strikingly in HFD mice. To further verify the role of miR-141-3p in obesity, we carried out gain-and-loss-of-function study in human HepG2 cells. We found that miR-141-3p could modulate ATP production and induce oxidative stress. Through luciferase report gene assay, we identified that phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was a target of miR-141-3p. Inhibiting PTEN could alter the mitochondrial function, too. Our study suggested that mitochondria-related miR-141-3p induced mitochondrial dysfunction by inhibiting PTEN.
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Lindeque JZ, Jansen van Rensburg PJ, Louw R, van der Westhuizen FH, Florit S, Ramírez L, Giralt M, Hidalgo J. Obesity and metabolomics: metallothioneins protect against high-fat diet-induced consequences in metallothionein knockout mice. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2015; 19:92-103. [PMID: 25683887 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2014.0087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Obesity continues to rise as an alarming global epidemic. System level mechanisms, diagnostics, and therapeutics are sorely needed so as to identify at risk individuals and design appropriate population scale interventions. The present study evaluated the protective role of metallothioneins (MTs) against obesity and high-fat diet-induced effects such as insulin resistance in both male and female MT-1+2 knockout and MT-3 knockout mice. As the metabolome is closest to the functional phenotype, changes in metabolite levels were also evaluated, and the direct or indirect involvement of MTs in metabolism examined. MT-1+2-, MT-3 knockout, and wild-type mice were given a high-fat diet for 2 months. Variation in body weight gain, tissue weight, and response to oral glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test were determined and compared to mice that received the control diet. Effect of the high-fat diet on the knockout mice were investigated on the metabolome level in specific tissues using metabolomics. Both knockout mice strains were more susceptible to high-fat diet-induced effects, such as weight gain and moderate insulin resistance, with the MT-3 knockout mice most susceptible. Brain tissue of the knockout mice showed most metabolic variation and pointed to possible impairment of mitochondrial function. The protective effect of MTs against high-fat diet and obesity-induced effects such as insulin resistance was evident from our observations. The putative role MTs play in mitochondrial function is possibly the main contributor to the lack of these effects in wild-type mice. Considering the expression profiles of the MT isoforms and similarity in brain metabolic variation in the knockout strains, it appears that they promote mitochondrial function in the hypothalamus, thereby limiting weight gain and insulin resistance. Furthermore, metabolomics research in preclinical models of obesity and in the clinic is warranted in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremie Z Lindeque
- 1 Centre for Human Metabonomics, North-West University (Potchefstroom Campus) , South Africa
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Munusamy S, do Carmo JM, Hosler JP, Hall JE. Obesity-induced changes in kidney mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum in the presence or absence of leptin. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2015; 309:F731-43. [PMID: 26290368 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00188.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated obesity-induced changes in kidney lipid accumulation, mitochondrial function, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the absence of hypertension, and the potential role of leptin in modulating these changes. We compared two normotensive genetic mouse models of obesity, leptin-deficient ob/ob mice and hyperleptinemic melanocortin-4 receptor-deficient mice (LoxTB MC4R-/-), with their respective lean controls. Compared with controls, ob/ob and LoxTB MC4R-/- mice exhibit significant albuminuria, increased creatinine clearance, and high renal triglyceride content. Renal ATP levels were decreased in both obesity models, and mitochondria isolated from both models showed alterations that would lower mitochondrial ATP production. Mitochondria from hyperleptinemic LoxTB MC4R-/- mice kidneys respired NADH-generating substrates (including palmitate) at lower rates due to an apparent decrease in complex I activity, and these mitochondria showed oxidative damage. Kidney mitochondria of leptin-deficient ob/ob mice showed normal rates of respiration with no evidence of oxidative damage, but electron transfer was partially uncoupled from ATP synthesis. A fourfold induction of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) expression indicated induction of ER stress in kidneys of hyperleptinemic LoxTB MC4R-/- mice. In contrast, ER stress was not induced in kidneys of leptin-deficient ob/ob mice. Our findings show that obesity, in the absence of hypertension, is associated with renal dysfunction in mice but not with major renal injury. Alterations to mitochondria that lower cellular ATP levels may be involved in obesity-induced renal injury. The type and severity of mitochondrial and ER dysfunction differs depending upon the presence or absence of leptin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankar Munusamy
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jussara M do Carmo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and
| | - Jonathan P Hosler
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - John E Hall
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi; and
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Decaffeinated green tea extract rich in epigallocatechin-3-gallate prevents fatty liver disease by increased activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes in diet-induced obesity mice. J Nutr Biochem 2015; 26:1348-56. [PMID: 26300331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 06/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has been considered the hepatic manifestation of obesity. It is unclear whether supplementation with green tea extract rich in epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) influences the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes and insulin resistance in the liver. EGCG regulated hepatic mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes and was capable of improving lipid metabolism, attenuating insulin resistance in obese mice. Mice were divided into four groups: control diet+water (CW) or EGCG (CE) and hyperlipidic diet+water (HFW) or EGCG (HFE). All animals received water and diets ad libitum for 16 weeks. Placebo groups received water (0.1 ml/day) and EGCG groups (0.1 ml EGCG and 50 mg/kg/day) by gavage. Cytokines concentrations were obtained by ELISA, protein expression through Western blotting and mitochondrial complex enzymatic activity by colorimetric assay of substrate degradation. HFW increased body weight gain, adiposity index, retroperitoneal and mesenteric adipose tissue relative weight, serum glucose, insulin and Homeostasis Model Assessment of Basal Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR); glucose intolerance was observed in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) as well as ectopic fat liver deposition. HFE group decreased body weight gain, retroperitoneal and mesenteric adipose tissue relative weight, HOMA-IR, insulin levels and liver fat accumulation; increased complexes II-III and IV and malate dehydrogenase activities and improvement in glucose uptake in OGTT and insulin sensitivity by increased protein expression of total AKT, IRα and IRS1. We did not find alterations in inflammatory parameters analyzed. EGCG was able to prevent obesity stimulating the mitochondrial complex chain, increasing energy expenditure, particularly from the oxidation of lipid substrates, thereby contributing to the prevention of hepatic steatosis and improved insulin sensitivity.
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Wang X, West JA, Murray AJ, Griffin JL. Comprehensive Metabolic Profiling of Age-Related Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the High-Fat-Fed ob/ob Mouse Heart. J Proteome Res 2015; 14:2849-62. [PMID: 25985803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The ectopic deposition of fat is thought to lead to lipotoxicity and has been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and diabetic cardiomyopathy. We have measured mitochondrial respiratory capacities in the hearts of ob/ob and wild-type mice on either a regular chow (RCD) or high-fat (HFD) diet across four age groups to investigate the impact of diet and age on mitochondrial function alongside a comprehensive strategy for metabolic profiling of the tissue. Myocardial mitochondrial dysfunction was only evident in ob/ob mice on RCD at 14 months, but it was detectable at 3 months on the HFD. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to study the profiles of acylcarnitines and the accumulation of triglycerides, but neither class of lipid was associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. However, a targeted LC-MS/MS analysis of markers of oxidative stress demonstrated increases in GSSG/GSH and 8-oxoguanine, in addition to the accumulation of diacylglycerols, which are lipid species linked to lipotoxicity. Our results demonstrate that myocardial mitochondria in ob/ob mice on RCD maintained a similar respiratory capacity to that of wild type until a late stage in aging. However, on a HFD, unlike wild-type mice, ob/ob mice failed to increase mitochondrial respiration, which may be associated with a complex I defect following increased oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhu Wang
- ‡MRC, Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL, U.K
| | - James A West
- ‡MRC, Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL, U.K
| | - Andrew J Murray
- §Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DY, U.K
| | - Julian L Griffin
- ‡MRC, Human Nutrition Research, Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, 120 Fulbourn Road, Cambridge, CB1 9NL, U.K
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Rodríguez-Enríquez S, Hernández-Esquivel L, Marín-Hernández A, El Hafidi M, Gallardo-Pérez JC, Hernández-Reséndiz I, Rodríguez-Zavala JS, Pacheco-Velázquez SC, Moreno-Sánchez R. Mitochondrial free fatty acid β-oxidation supports oxidative phosphorylation and proliferation in cancer cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 65:209-21. [PMID: 26073129 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) is functional and sustains tumor proliferation in several cancer cell types. To establish whether mitochondrial β-oxidation of free fatty acids (FFAs) contributes to cancer OxPhos functioning, its protein contents and enzyme activities, as well as respiratory rates and electrical membrane potential (ΔΨm) driven by FFA oxidation were assessed in rat AS-30D hepatoma and liver (RLM) mitochondria. Higher protein contents (1.4-3 times) of β-oxidation (CPT1, SCAD) as well as proteins and enzyme activities (1.7-13-times) of Krebs cycle (KC: ICD, 2OGDH, PDH, ME, GA), and respiratory chain (RC: COX) were determined in hepatoma mitochondria vs. RLM. Although increased cholesterol content (9-times vs. RLM) was determined in the hepatoma mitochondrial membranes, FFAs and other NAD-linked substrates were oxidized faster (1.6-6.6 times) by hepatoma mitochondria than RLM, maintaining similar ΔΨm values. The contents of β-oxidation, KC and RC enzymes were also assessed in cells. The mitochondrial enzyme levels in human cervix cancer HeLa and AS-30D cells were higher than those observed in rat hepatocytes whereas in human breast cancer biopsies, CPT1 and SCAD contents were lower than in human breast normal tissue. The presence of CPT1 and SCAD in AS-30D mitochondria and HeLa cells correlated with an active FFA utilization in HeLa cells. Furthermore, the β-oxidation inhibitor perhexiline blocked FFA utilization, OxPhos and proliferation in HeLa and other cancer cells. In conclusion, functional mitochondria supported by FFA β-oxidation are essential for the accelerated cancer cell proliferation and hence anti-β-oxidation therapeutics appears as an alternative promising approach to deter malignant tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rodríguez-Enríquez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección 16, Tlalpan, México D.F. 14080, Mexico; Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Ciudad de Mexico, D.F., Mexico.
| | - Luz Hernández-Esquivel
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección 16, Tlalpan, México D.F. 14080, Mexico
| | - Alvaro Marín-Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección 16, Tlalpan, México D.F. 14080, Mexico
| | - Mohammed El Hafidi
- Departamento de Medicina Cardiovascular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Ciudad de México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Gallardo-Pérez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección 16, Tlalpan, México D.F. 14080, Mexico
| | - Ileana Hernández-Reséndiz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección 16, Tlalpan, México D.F. 14080, Mexico
| | - José S Rodríguez-Zavala
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección 16, Tlalpan, México D.F. 14080, Mexico
| | - Silvia C Pacheco-Velázquez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección 16, Tlalpan, México D.F. 14080, Mexico
| | - Rafael Moreno-Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, Juan Badiano No. 1, Col. Sección 16, Tlalpan, México D.F. 14080, Mexico
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Vida M, Gavito AL, Pavón FJ, Bautista D, Serrano A, Suarez J, Arrabal S, Decara J, Romero-Cuevas M, Rodríguez de Fonseca F, Baixeras E. Chronic administration of recombinant IL-6 upregulates lipogenic enzyme expression and aggravates high-fat-diet-induced steatosis in IL-6-deficient mice. Dis Model Mech 2015; 8:721-31. [PMID: 26035386 PMCID: PMC4486858 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.019166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2014] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) has emerged as an important mediator of fatty acid metabolism with paradoxical effects in the liver. Administration of IL-6 has been reported to confer protection against steatosis, but plasma and tissue IL-6 concentrations are elevated in chronic liver diseases, including fatty liver diseases associated with obesity and alcoholic ingestion. In this study, we further investigated the role of IL-6 on steatosis induced through a high-fat diet (HFD) in wild-type (WT) and IL-6-deficient (IL-6−/−) mice. Additionally, HFD-fed IL-6−/− mice were also chronically treated with recombinant IL-6 (rIL-6). Obesity in WT mice fed a HFD associated with elevated serum IL-6 levels, fatty liver, upregulation of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) and signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (STAT3), increased AMP kinase phosphorylation (p-AMPK), and downregulation of the hepatic lipogenic enzymes fatty acid synthase (FAS) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1). The HFD-fed IL-6−/− mice showed severe steatosis, no changes in CPT1 levels or AMPK activity, no increase in STAT3 amounts, inactivated STAT3, and marked downregulation of the expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCα/β), FAS and SCD1. The IL-6 chronic replacement in HFD-fed IL-6−/− mice restored hepatic STAT3 and AMPK activation but also increased the expression of the lipogenic enzymes ACCα/β, FAS and SCD1. Furthermore, rIL-6 administration was associated with aggravated steatosis and elevated fat content in the liver. We conclude that, in the context of HFD-induced obesity, the administration of rIL-6 might contribute to the aggravation of fatty liver disease through increasing lipogenesis. Summary: The administration of rIL-6 might contribute to the aggravation of fatty liver disease through increasing lipogenesis in HFD-induced obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Vida
- Laboratorio de Investigación, IBIMA/Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), Spain Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Ana Luisa Gavito
- Laboratorio de Investigación, IBIMA/Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), Spain Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Pavón
- Laboratorio de Investigación, IBIMA/Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), Spain Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Dolores Bautista
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Antonia Serrano
- Laboratorio de Investigación, IBIMA/Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), Spain Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan Suarez
- Laboratorio de Investigación, IBIMA/Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), Spain Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Sergio Arrabal
- Laboratorio de Investigación, IBIMA/Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), Spain Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan Decara
- Laboratorio de Investigación, IBIMA/Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Miguel Romero-Cuevas
- Laboratorio de Investigación, IBIMA/Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Laboratorio de Investigación, IBIMA/Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), Spain Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
| | - Elena Baixeras
- Laboratorio de Investigación, IBIMA/Universidad de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERobn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN), Spain Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Universitario Regional de Málaga, 29010 Málaga, Spain
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Knebel B, Hartwig S, Haas J, Lehr S, Goeddeke S, Susanto F, Bohne L, Jacob S, Koellmer C, Nitzgen U, Müller-Wieland D, Kotzka J. Peroxisomes compensate hepatic lipid overflow in mice with fatty liver. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2015; 1851:965-76. [PMID: 25790917 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Major causes of lipid accumulation in liver are increased import or synthesis or decreased catabolism of fatty acids. The latter is caused by dysfunction of cellular organelles controlling energy homeostasis, i.e., mitochondria. Peroxisomes also appear to be an important organelle in lipid metabolism of hepatocytes, but little is known about their role in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). To investigate the role of peroxisomes alongside mitochondria in excessive hepatic lipid accumulation, we used leptin-resistant db/db mice on C57BLKS background, a mouse model that develops hyperphagia-induced diabetes with obesity and NAFLD. Proteome and gene expression analyses along with lipid analyses in the liver revealed differential expression of genes related to lipid metabolism and β-oxidation, whereas genes for peroxisomal proteins were predominantly regulated. CONCLUSION Our investigations show that in fatty liver disease in combination with obesity and diabetes, the hepatocyte-protecting organelle peroxisome is altered. Hence, peroxisomes might indicate a stage of pre-NAFLD, play a role in the early development of NAFLD and appear to be a potential target for treatment and prevention of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit Knebel
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Aufm Hennekamp 65, Duesseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Sonja Hartwig
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Aufm Hennekamp 65, Duesseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Jutta Haas
- Institute for Diabetes Research, Department of General Internal Medicine, Asklepios Clinic St. Georg, Medical Faculty of Semmelweis University, Asklepios Campus Hamburg, Lohmuehlen Str 5, Hamburg 20099, Germany
| | - Stefan Lehr
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Aufm Hennekamp 65, Duesseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Simon Goeddeke
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Aufm Hennekamp 65, Duesseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Franciscus Susanto
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Aufm Hennekamp 65, Duesseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Lothar Bohne
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Aufm Hennekamp 65, Duesseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Sylvia Jacob
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Aufm Hennekamp 65, Duesseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Cornelia Koellmer
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Aufm Hennekamp 65, Duesseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Ulrike Nitzgen
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Aufm Hennekamp 65, Duesseldorf 40225, Germany
| | - Dirk Müller-Wieland
- Institute for Diabetes Research, Department of General Internal Medicine, Asklepios Clinic St. Georg, Medical Faculty of Semmelweis University, Asklepios Campus Hamburg, Lohmuehlen Str 5, Hamburg 20099, Germany
| | - Jorg Kotzka
- Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research, Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Aufm Hennekamp 65, Duesseldorf 40225, Germany.
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Nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease: pathogenesis and therapeutics from a mitochondria-centric perspective. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2014; 2014:637027. [PMID: 25371775 PMCID: PMC4211163 DOI: 10.1155/2014/637027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 07/31/2014] [Accepted: 07/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) describes a spectrum of disorders characterized by the accumulation of triglycerides within the liver. The global prevalence of NAFLD has been increasing as the obesity epidemic shows no sign of relenting. Mitochondria play a central role in hepatic lipid metabolism and also are affected by upstream signaling pathways involved in hepatic metabolism. This review will focus on the role of mitochondria in the pathophysiology of NAFLD and touch on some of the therapeutic approaches targeting mitochondria as well as metabolically important signaling pathways. Mitochondria are able to adapt to lipid accumulation in hepatocytes by increasing rates of beta-oxidation; however increased substrate delivery to the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) leads to increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and eventually ETC dysfunction. Decreased ETC function combined with increased rates of fatty acid beta-oxidation leads to the accumulation of incomplete products of beta-oxidation, which combined with increased levels of ROS contribute to insulin resistance. Several related signaling pathways, nuclear receptors, and transcription factors also regulate hepatic lipid metabolism, many of which are redox sensitive and regulated by ROS.
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Chan CB, Gupta J, Kozicky L, Hashemi Z, Yang K. Improved glucose tolerance in insulin-resistant rats after pea hull feeding is associated with changes in lipid metabolism-targeted transcriptome. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2014; 39:1112-9. [PMID: 24930679 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2014-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding of the mechanisms by which pulse grain fractions elicit beneficial effects on glucose tolerance is incomplete. An untargeted metabolomic analysis of serum from insulin-resistant rats was carried out to identify potential metabolic pathways affected by feeding rats the hull fraction of dried peas for 4 weeks. From this, we hypothesized that transcription of hepatic genes involved in lipid metabolism would be altered. cDNA was prepared from total RNA extracted from livers of rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or HFD + pea hulls (PH) diet. The liver lipid transcriptome of each cDNA sample was characterized using a PCR-based array of 84 genes. The activity of peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) was measured in hepatocyte nuclei. The predominant findings of the metabolomic analysis revealed a significant increase in the intermediaries of β-oxidation: C16-OH and C16:1 acylcarnitines (>50%, p < 0.05) and 3-hydroxybutyrate (100%, p < 0.05) in the PH group compared with the HFD group. mRNA of hadha, a gene involved in β-oxidation, was significantly reduced by 53% (p < 0.005) in the PH group compared with the HFD group, but no differences in PPAR-α activity were detected. 3-Hydroxybutyrate concentrations were associated with insulin sensitivity and reduced demand for insulin. The results indicate that feeding PH alters lipid metabolism in liver, which may contribute to improved glucose tolerance in insulin-resistant rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine B Chan
- a Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada
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Carolo dos Santos K, Pereira Braga C, Octavio Barbanera P, Rodrigues Ferreira Seiva F, Fernandes Junior A, Fernandes AAH. Cardiac energy metabolism and oxidative stress biomarkers in diabetic rat treated with resveratrol. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102775. [PMID: 25050809 PMCID: PMC4106839 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol (RSV), polyphenol from grape, was studied to evaluate its effects on calorimetric parameters, energy metabolism, and antioxidants in the myocardium of diabetic rats. The animals were randomly divided into four groups (n = 8): C (control group): normal rats; C-RSV: normal rats receiving RSV; DM: diabetic rats; and DM-RSV: diabetics rats receiving RSV. Type 1 diabetes mellitus was induced with administration of streptozotocin (STZ; 60 mg−1 body weight, single dose, i.p.). After 48 hours of STZ administration, the animals received RSV (1.0 mg/kg/day) for gavage for 30 days. Food, water, and energy intake were higher in the DM group, while administration of RSV caused decreases (p<0.05) in these parameters. The glycemia decreased and higher final body weight increased in DM-RSV when compared with the DM group. The diabetic rats showed higher serum-free fatty acid, which was normalized with RSV. Oxygen consumption (VO2) and carbon dioxide production (VCO2) decreased (p<0.05) in the DM group. This was accompanied by reductions in RQ. The C-RSV group showed higher VO2 and VCO2 values. Pyruvate dehydrogenase activity was lower in the DM group and normalizes with RSV. The DM group exhibited higher myocardial β-hydroxyacyl coenzyme-A dehydrogenase and citrate synthase activity, and RSV decreased the activity of these enzymes. The DM group had higher cardiac lactate dehydrogenase compared to the DM-RSV group. Myocardial protein carbonyl was increased in the DM group. RSV increased reduced glutathione in the cardiac tissue of diabetic animals. The glutathione reductase activity was higher in the DM-RSV group compared to the DM group. In conclusion, diabetes is accompanied by cardiac energy metabolism dysfunction and change in the biomarkers of oxidative stress. The cardioprotective effect may be mediated through RVS's ability to normalize free fatty acid oxidation, enhance utilization glucose, and control the biomarkers' level of oxidative stress under diabetic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klinsmann Carolo dos Santos
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu/São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Pereira Braga
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu/São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Octavio Barbanera
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu/São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Ary Fernandes Junior
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu/São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Angélica Henrique Fernandes
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Institute of Bioscience, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu/São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Physical exercise prevents and mitigates non-alcoholic steatohepatitis-induced liver mitochondrial structural and bioenergetics impairments. Mitochondrion 2014; 15:40-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2014.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Song GY, Ren LP, Chen SC, Wang C, Liu N, Wei LM, Li F, Sun W, Peng LB, Tang Y. Similar changes in muscle lipid metabolism are induced by chronic high-fructose feeding and high-fat feeding in C57BL/J6 mice. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2014; 39:1011-8. [PMID: 23039229 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2012] [Revised: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 09/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of high fructose and high fat feeding on muscle lipid metabolism and to illustrate the mechanisms by which the two different dietary factors induce muscle lipid accumulation. C57BL/J6 mice were fed either a standard, high-fructose (HFru) or high-fat diet. After 16 weeks feeding, mice were killed and plasma triglyceride (TG) and free fatty acid (FFA) levels were detected. In addition, muscle TG and long chain acyl CoA (LCACoA) content was determined, glucose tolerance was evaluated and the protein content of fatty acid translocase CD36 (FATCD36) in muscle was measured. Mitochondrial oxidative function in the muscle was evaluated by estimating the activity of oxidative enzymes, namely cytochrome oxidase (COx), citrate synthase (CS) and β-hydroxyacyl CoA dehydrogenase (β-HAD), and the muscle protein content of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1), cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-1 and proliferator-activated receptor coactivator (PGC)-1α was determined. Finally, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c) gene expression and fatty acid synthase (FAS) protein content were determined in muscle tissues. After 16 weeks, plasma TG and FFA levels were significantly increased in both the HFru and HF groups. In addition, mice in both groups exhibited significant increases in muscle TG and LCACoA content. Compared with mice fed the standard diet (control group), those in the HFru and HF groups developed glucose intolerance and exhibited increased FATCD36 protein levels, enzyme activity related to fatty acid utilization in the mitochondria and protein expressions of CPT-1, COX-1 and PGC-1α in muscle tissue. Finally, mice in both the HFru and HF groups exhibited increase SREBP-1c expression and FAS protein content. In conclusion, high fructose and high fat feeding lead to similar changes in muscle lipid metabolism in C57BL/J6 mice. Lipid accumulation in the muscle may be associated with increased expression of proteins related to lipid transportation and synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yao Song
- Department of Endocrinology, General Hospital of Hebei, Hebei, China.
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Zhang T, Zhao S, Li W, Ma L, Ding M, Li R, Liu Y. High-fat diet from perilla oil induces insulin resistance despite lower serum lipids and increases hepatic fatty acid oxidation in rats. Lipids Health Dis 2014; 13:15. [PMID: 24422660 PMCID: PMC3904189 DOI: 10.1186/1476-511x-13-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of a high-fat diet from perilla oil on serum lipids, hepatic lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity. Methods Male Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats were fed either a control (CT) diet or a diet high in perilla oil (HP). After 16 weeks of feeding, the serum lipids were measured, and the gene expressions involved in hepatic fatty acid oxidation and synthesis were determined. In addition, hepatic fat deposition was detected, and insulin sensitivity was evaluated by means of euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp. Results Compared with the rats in the CT group, the HP-feeding significantly decreased the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TCH) and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-c). HP-feeding did not change the levels of LDL-cholesterol (LDL-c), free fatty acid (FFA), intrahepatic lipids or body weight. Moreover, the HP-feeding dramatically increased the mRNA expressions of fatty acid oxidation markers (PPAR-alpha, CPT1A) and fatty acid synthesis markers (SREBP-1, FASN and ACC) in the liver. The HP-feeding induced increased protein levels of CPT1A, while reducing the protein levels of FASN and ACC in the liver. However, the glucose infusion rate significantly increased in the HP group compared with the CT group. Conclusions Our data show that, in rats, excessive perilla oil intake may significantly lower serum lipids, strengthen hepatic fatty acid oxidation, and inhibit hepatic fatty acid synthesis, but at the same time may also lead to insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Yuan Liu
- Laboratory Animal Center of the Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing 100071, China.
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