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Ferrer-Ledo N, Stegemüller L, Janssen M, Wijffels RH, Barbosa MJ. Growth and fatty acid distribution over lipid classes in Nannochloropsis oceanica acclimated to different temperatures. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1078998. [PMID: 36844089 PMCID: PMC9950407 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1078998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
After light, temperature is the most relevant environmental parameter in outdoors cultivation of microalgae. Suboptimal and supraoptimal temperatures negatively impact growth and photosynthetic performance with a subsequent effect on lipid accumulation. It is generally recognised that lower temperatures trigger an increase in fatty acid desaturation while higher temperatures trigger the opposite reaction. The effect of temperature on lipid classes has been less studied in microalgae and in certain cases, the effect of light cannot be completely excluded. In this research, the effect of temperature on growth, photosynthesis, and lipid class accumulation in Nannochloropsis oceanica was studied at a fixed light gradient with a constant incident light intensity (670 μmol m-2 s-1). A turbidostat approach was used to achieve temperature acclimated cultures of Nannochloropsis oceanica. Optimal growth was found at 25-29°C, while growth was completely arrested at temperatures higher than 31°C and lower than 9°C. Acclimation to low temperatures triggered a decrease in absorption cross section and photosynthesis rates with a tipping point at 17°C. Reduced light absorption was correlated with a decrease in content of the plastid lipids monogalactosyldiacylglycerol and sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol. The increase of diacylglyceryltrimethylhomo-serine content at lower temperatures indicated a relevant role of this lipid class in temperature tolerance. Triacylglycerol content increased at 17°C and decreased at 9°C emphasising a metabolic switch in stress response. Total and polar eicosapentaenoic acid content remained constant at 3.5 and 2.4% w/w, despite the fluctuating lipid contents. Results show an extensive mobilisation of eicosapentaenoic acid between polar lipids classes at 9°C to ensure cell survival under critical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narcís Ferrer-Ledo
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Lars Stegemüller
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Marcel Janssen
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - René H. Wijffels
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Maria J. Barbosa
- Bioprocess Engineering, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
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Photosynthetic and ultrastructural responses of the chlorophyte Lobosphaera to the stress caused by a high exogenic phosphate concentration. PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN PHOTOCHEMISTRY ASSOCIATION AND THE EUROPEAN SOCIETY FOR PHOTOBIOLOGY 2022; 21:2035-2051. [PMID: 35918586 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-022-00277-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Biotechnology of microalgae holds promise for sustainable using of phosphorus, a finite non-renewable resource. Responses of the green microalga Lobosphaera sp. IPPAS C-2047 to elevated inorganic phosphate (Pi) concentrations were studied. Polyphosphate (PolyP) accumulation and ultrastructural rearrangements were followed in Lobosphaera using light and electron microscopy and linked to the responses of the photosynthetic apparatus probed with chlorophyll fluorescence. High tolerance of Lobosphaera to ≤ 50 g L-1 Pi was accompanied by a retention of photosynthetic activity and specific induction of non-photochemical quenching (NPQ up to 4; Fv/Fm around 0.7). Acclimation of the Lobosphaera to the high Pi was accompanied by expansion of the thylakoid lumen and accumulation of the carbon-rich compounds. The toxic effect of the extremely high (100 g L-1) Pi inhibited the growth by ca. 60%, induced a decline in photosynthetic activity and NPQ along with contraction of the lumen, destruction of the thylakoids, and depletion of starch reserves. The Lobosphaera retained viability at the Pi in the range of 25-100 g L-1 showing moderate an increase of intracellular P content (to 4.6% cell dry weight). During the initial high Pi exposure, the vacuolar PolyP biosynthesis in Lobosphaera was impaired but recovered upon acclimation. Synthesis of abundant non-vacuolar PolyP inclusions was likely a manifestation of the emergency acclimation of the cells converting the Pi excess to less metabolically active PolyP. We conclude that the remarkable Pi tolerance of Lobosphaera IPPAS C-2047 is determined by several mechanisms including rapid conversion of the exogenic Pi into metabolically safe PolyP, the acclamatory changes in the cell population structure. Possible involvement of NPQ in the high Pi resilience of the Lobosphaera is discussed.
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Chlorophyll fluorescence as a valuable multitool for microalgal biotechnology. Biophys Rev 2022; 14:973-983. [PMID: 36124274 PMCID: PMC9481855 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-022-00951-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Variable fluorescence of chlorophyll (CF) of the photosynthetic apparatus is an ample source of valuable information on physiological condition of photosynthetic organisms. Currently, the most widespread CF-based technique is represented by recording pulse-amplitude modulated (PAM) induction of CF by saturating light. The CF-based monitoring techniques are increasingly employed for characterization of performance and stress resilience of microalgae in microalgal biotechnology. Analysis of CF induction curves reveals the fate of light energy absorbed by photosynthetic apparatus, the proportions of the energy that have been utilized for photochemistry (culture growth), and heat dissipated by photoprotective mechanisms. Hence CF and its derived parameters are an accurate proxy of the metabolic activity of the photosynthetic cell and the engagement of photoprotective mechanisms. This information is a solid foundation for making decisions on the microalgal culture management during the lab-scale and industrial-scale cultivation. Applications of CF and PAM include the monitoring of stressor (high light, nutrient deprivation, extreme temperatures, etc.) effects for assessment of the culture robustness. It also serves as a non-invasive express test for gauging the effect of assorted toxicants in microalgae. This approach is becoming widespread in ecological toxicology and environmental biotechnology, particularly for bioprospecting strains capable of the destruction of dangerous pollutants such as pharmaceuticals. In the review, we discuss the advantages and drawbacks of using CF-based methods for assessment of the culture conditions. Special attention is paid to the potential caveats and applicability of different variations of CF and PAM measurements for solving problems of microalgal biotechnology.
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Ptushenko VV, Bondarenko GN, Vinogradova EN, Glagoleva ES, Karpova OV, Ptushenko OS, Solovchenko AE, Trubitsin BV, Chivkunova OB, Shibzukhova KA, Shcherbakov PN. The Effect of Chilling on the Photosynthetic Apparatus of Microalga Lobosphaera incisa IPPAS C-2047. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2021; 86:1590-1598. [PMID: 34937538 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297921120087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Photosynthetic organisms have developed a set of mechanisms aimed at preventing photo-oxidative reactions in the photosynthetic apparatus (PSA) initiated by excessively absorbed light energy. Along with high irradiance, other stressors, e.g., chilling temperatures, can lead to the absorption of the excess of light energy and hence to photo-oxidative stress. Here, we studied induction of photoprotective mechanisms in response to chilling (0°C) at a low irradiance (50 µmol PAR photons m-2·s-1) in the cells of microalga Lobosphaera incisa IPPAS C-2047. After 4 days of incubation at a low temperature, L. incisa IPPAS C-2047 cells showed a notable decrease in the photochemical activity of photosystem II (PSII) and in the efficiency of photosynthetic electron transport, as well as a significant increase in the thermal dissipation of the absorbed light energy in the light-harvesting antenna. In contrast, most conventional markers of PSA acclimation to excess light energy [total chlorophyll and carotenoid content; violaxanthin cycle pigment content and de-epoxidation state; photosynthetic antenna, PSII, and photosystem I (PSI) ratio] remained virtually unchanged. The content of major unsaturated fatty acids also remained almost unaffected, except for arachidonic acid (increased by 40%) recently assumed to activate violaxanthin de-epoxidase by adjusting its lipid microenvironment. Significant changes (4-7-fold increase) were observed in the expression of the gene encoding protective protein LhcSR. Pre-conditioning at 5°C prior to the acclimation to 0°C augmented the PSA photochemical activity. Our data show that the mid-term (4-d) acclimation of L. incisa IPPAS C-2047 to a chilling temperature at a low irradiance triggers the PSA response resembling, in part, the response to high light but relying mostly on the LhcSR protein-dependent quenching of excitation in the photosynthetic antenna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily V Ptushenko
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia. .,Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | | | - Elizaveta N Vinogradova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 123182 Moscow Russia
| | - Elena S Glagoleva
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Olga V Karpova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Oxana S Ptushenko
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | | | - Boris V Trubitsin
- Faculty of Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Olga B Chivkunova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | | | - Pavel N Shcherbakov
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
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Castiglia D, Landi S, Esposito S. Advanced Applications for Protein and Compounds from Microalgae. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:1686. [PMID: 34451730 PMCID: PMC8398235 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Algal species still show unrevealed and unexplored potentiality for the identification of new compounds. Photosynthetic organisms represent a valuable resource to exploit and sustain the urgent need of sustainable and green technologies. Particularly, unconventional organisms from extreme environments could hide properties to be employed in a wide range of biotechnology applications, due to their peculiar alleles, proteins, and molecules. In this review we report a detailed dissection about the latest and advanced applications of protein derived from algae. Furthermore, the innovative use of modified algae as bio-reactors to generate proteins or bioactive compounds was discussed. The latest progress about pharmaceutical applications, including the possibility to obtain drugs to counteract virus (as SARS-CoV-2) were also examined. The last paragraph will survey recent cases of the utilization of extremophiles as bio-factories for specific protein and molecule production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Castiglia
- Bio-Organic Chemistry Unit, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry CNR, Via Campi Flegrei 34, 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy;
| | - Simone Landi
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Sergio Esposito
- Department of Biology, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy;
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6
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Degraeve-Guilbault C, Pankasem N, Gueirrero M, Lemoigne C, Domergue F, Kotajima T, Suzuki I, Joubès J, Corellou F. Temperature Acclimation of the Picoalga Ostreococcus tauri Triggers Early Fatty-Acid Variations and Involves a Plastidial ω3-Desaturase. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:639330. [PMID: 33815446 PMCID: PMC8018280 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.639330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Alteration of fatty-acid unsaturation is a universal response to temperature changes. Marine microalgae display the largest diversity of polyunsaturated fatty-acid (PUFA) whose content notably varies according to temperature. The physiological relevance and the molecular mechanisms underlying these changes are however, still poorly understood. The ancestral green picoalga Ostreococcus tauri displays original lipidic features that combines PUFAs from two distinctive microalgal lineages (Chlorophyceae, Chromista kingdom). In this study, optimized conditions were implemented to unveil early fatty-acid and desaturase transcriptional variations upon chilling and warming. We further functionally characterized the O. tauri ω3-desaturase which is closely related to ω3-desaturases from Chromista species. Our results show that the overall omega-3 to omega-6 ratio is swiftly and reversibly regulated by temperature variations. The proportion of the peculiar 18:5 fatty-acid and temperature are highly and inversely correlated pinpointing the importance of 18:5 temperature-dependent variations across kingdoms. Chilling rapidly and sustainably up-regulated most desaturase genes. Desaturases involved in the regulation of the C18-PUFA pool as well as the Δ5-desaturase appear to be major transcriptional targets. The only ω3-desaturase candidate, related to ω3-desaturases from Chromista species, is localized at chloroplasts in Nicotiana benthamiana and efficiently performs ω3-desaturation of C18-PUFAs in Synechocystis sp. PCC6803. Overexpression in the native host further unveils a broad impact on plastidial and non-plastidial glycerolipids illustrated by the alteration of omega-3/omega-6 ratio in C16-PUFA and VLC-PUFA pools. Global glycerolipid features of the overexpressor recall those of chilling acclimated cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nattiwong Pankasem
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Maurean Gueirrero
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse membranaire, UMR 5200, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Cécile Lemoigne
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse membranaire, UMR 5200, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Frédéric Domergue
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse membranaire, UMR 5200, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Tomonori Kotajima
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Iwane Suzuki
- Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Jérôme Joubès
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse membranaire, UMR 5200, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Florence Corellou
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biogenèse membranaire, UMR 5200, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- *Correspondence: Florence Corellou,
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7
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Lupette J, Benning C. Human health benefits of very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids from microalgae. Biochimie 2020; 178:15-25. [PMID: 32389760 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are single-cell, photosynthetic organisms whose biodiversity places them at the forefront of biological producers of high-value molecules including lipids and pigments. Some of these organisms particular are capable of synthesizing n-3 very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFAs), known to have beneficial effects on human health. Indeed, VLC-PUFAs are the precursors of many signaling molecules in humans involved in the complexities of inflammatory processes. This mini-review provides an inventory of knowledge on the synthesis of VLC-PUFAs in microalgae and on the diversity of signaling molecules (prostanoids, leukotrienes, SPMs, EFOX, isoprostanoids) that arise in humans from VLC-PUFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josselin Lupette
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| | - Christoph Benning
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA; Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
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8
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Kugler A, Kumari P, Kokabi K, Itkin M, Malitsky S, Khozin-Goldberg I. Resilience to Freezing in the Vegetative Cells of the Microalga Lobosphaera incisa (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta). JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY 2020; 56:334-345. [PMID: 31715644 DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The chlorophyte microalga Lobosphaera incisa was isolated from the snowy slopes of Mt. Tateyama in Japan. This microalga stores exceptionally high amounts of the omega-6 LC-PUFA arachidonic acid in triacylglycerols, and therefore represents a potent photosynthetic source for this essential LC-PUFA. Assuming that freezing tolerance may play a role in adaptation of L. incisa to specific ecological niches, we examined the capability of L. incisa to tolerate extreme sub-zero temperatures. We report here, that the vegetative cells of L. incisa survived freezing at -20°C and -80°C (over 1 month), without cryoprotective agents or prior treatments. Cells successfully recovered upon thawing and proliferated under optimal growth conditions (25°C). However, cells frozen at -80°C showed better recovery and lower cellular ROS generation upon thawing, compared to those preserved at -20°C. Photosynthetic yield of PSII, estimated by Fv /Fm , temporarily decreased at day 1 post freezing and resumed to the original level at day 3. Interestingly, the thawed algal cultures produced a higher level of chlorophylls, exceeding the control culture. The polar metabolome of the vegetative cells comprised a range of compatible solutes, dominated by glutamate, sucrose, and proline. We posit that the presence of endogenous cryoprotectants, a rigid multilayer cell wall, the high LC-PUFA content in membrane lipids, and putative cold-responsive proteins may contribute to the retention of functionality upon recovery from the frozen state, and therefore for the survival under cryospheric conditions. From the applied perspective, this beneficial property holds promise for the cryopreservation of starter cultures for research and commercial purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kugler
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, 8499000, Israel
| | - Puja Kumari
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, 8499000, Israel
| | - Kamilya Kokabi
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, 8499000, Israel
| | - Maxim Itkin
- Metabolic Profiling Unit, Life Science Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sergey Malitsky
- Metabolic Profiling Unit, Life Science Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Inna Khozin-Goldberg
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, 8499000, Israel
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9
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Kokabi K, Gorelova O, Zorin B, Didi-Cohen S, Itkin M, Malitsky S, Solovchenko A, Boussiba S, Khozin-Goldberg I. Lipidome Remodeling and Autophagic Respose in the Arachidonic-Acid-Rich Microalga Lobosphaera incisa Under Nitrogen and Phosphorous Deprivation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:614846. [PMID: 33329680 PMCID: PMC7728692 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.614846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The green microalga Lobosphaera incisa accumulates triacylglycerols (TAGs) with exceptionally high levels of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) arachidonic acid (ARA) under nitrogen (N) deprivation. Phosphorous (P) deprivation induces milder changes in fatty acid composition, cell ultrastructure, and growth performance. We hypothesized that the resource-demanding biosynthesis and sequestration of ARA-rich TAG in lipid droplets (LDs) are associated with the enhancement of catabolic processes, including membrane lipid turnover and autophagic activity. Although this work focuses mainly on N deprivation, a comparative analysis of N and P deprivation responses is included. The results of lipidomic profiling showed a differential impact of N and P deprivation on the reorganization of glycerolipids. The formation of TAG under N deprivation was associated with the enhanced breakdown of chloroplast glycerolipids and the formation of lyso-lipids. N-deprived cells displayed a profound reorganization of cell ultrastructure, including internalization of cellular material into autophagic vacuoles, concomitant with the formation of LDs, while P-deprived cells showed better cellular ultrastructural integrity. The expression of the hallmark autophagy protein ATG8 and the major lipid droplet protein (MLDP) genes were coordinately upregulated, but to different extents under either N or P deprivation. The expression of the Δ5-desaturase gene, involved in the final step of ARA biosynthesis, was coordinated with ATG8 and MLDP, exclusively under N deprivation. Concanamycin A, the inhibitor of vacuolar proteolysis and autophagic flux, suppressed growth and enhanced levels of ATG8 and TAG in N-replete cells. The proportions of ARA in TAG decreased with a concomitant increase in oleic acid under both N-replete and N-deprived conditions. The photosynthetic apparatus's recovery from N deprivation was impaired in the presence of the inhibitor, along with the delayed LD degradation. The GFP-ATG8 processing assay showed the release of free GFP in N-replete and N-deprived cells, supporting the existence of autophagic flux. This study provides the first insight into the homeostatic role of autophagy in L. incisa and points to a possible metabolic link between autophagy and ARA-rich TAG biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamilya Kokabi
- The Albert Katz International School for Desert Studies, The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Olga Gorelova
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris Zorin
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Shoshana Didi-Cohen
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Maxim Itkin
- Metabolic Profiling Unit, Life Science Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sergey Malitsky
- Metabolic Profiling Unit, Life Science Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alexei Solovchenko
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Derzhavin Tambov State University, Tambov, Russia
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Sammy Boussiba
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Inna Khozin-Goldberg
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
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10
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Solovchenko A, Khozin-Goldberg I, Selyakh I, Semenova L, Ismagulova T, Lukyanov A, Mamedov I, Vinogradova E, Karpova O, Konyukhov I, Vasilieva S, Mojzes P, Dijkema C, Vecherskaya M, Zvyagin I, Nedbal L, Gorelova O. Phosphorus starvation and luxury uptake in green microalgae revisited. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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11
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Molecular cloning and functional analysis of a Δ 12-fatty acid desaturase from the Antarctic microalga Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L. 3 Biotech 2019; 9:328. [PMID: 31406650 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-019-1858-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L, which can thrive in extreme environments of the Antarctic, could represent a promising alternative for polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) production. A new Δ12-fatty acid desaturase (FAD)-encoding gene (Δ 12 CiFAD), 1269 bp in size, was cloned from Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L. Bioinformatics analysis showed that Δ 12 CiFAD-encoded protein was homologous to known FADs with conserved histidine motifs, and localized to the chloroplast. Functional analysis of Δ 12 CiFAD indicated that recombinant Synechococcus 6803 expressing Δ12CiFAD could accumulate C18:2, whereas recombinant Saccharomyces cerevisiae expressing this enzyme could not accumulate C18:2 or any other new fatty acids. These results indicate that Δ12CiFAD is a functional enzyme in the chloroplast that can adjust Chlamydomonas sp. ICE-L cell membrane fluidity to adapt to Antarctic extreme low-temperature environments, which give us insights into the frigostable and cold-resistant mechanisms of hypothermic organisms.
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12
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Cartaxana P, Morelli L, Jesus B, Calado G, Calado R, Cruz S. The photon menace: kleptoplast protection in the photosynthetic sea slug Elysia timida. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 222:jeb.202580. [PMID: 31171599 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.202580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Absorption of excessive light by photosymbiotic organisms leads to the production of reactive oxygen species that can damage both symbiont and host. This is highly relevant in sacoglossan sea slugs that host functional chloroplasts 'stolen' from their algal foods (kleptoplasts), because of limited repair capacities resulting from the absence of algal nuclear genes. Here, we experimentally demonstrate (i) a host-mediated photoprotection mechanism in the photosynthetic sea slug Elysia timida, characterized by the closure of the parapodia under high irradiance and the reduction of kleptoplast light exposure; and (ii) the activation of a reversible xanthophyll cycle in kleptoplasts, which allows excessive energy to be dissipated. The described mechanisms reduce photoinactivation under high irradiance. We conclude that both host-mediated behavioural and plastid-based physiological photoprotective mechanisms can mitigate oxidative stress induced by high light in E. timida These mechanisms may play an important role in the establishment of long-term photosynthetically active kleptoplasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Cartaxana
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM & ECOMARE, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Luca Morelli
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM & ECOMARE, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Bruno Jesus
- Laboratoire Mer Molécules Santé, Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes, 44322 Nantes, France
| | - Gonçalo Calado
- Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Universidade Lusófona, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Calado
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM & ECOMARE, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Sónia Cruz
- Departamento de Biologia & CESAM & ECOMARE, Universidade de Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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13
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Kokabi K, Gorelova O, Ismagulova T, Itkin M, Malitsky S, Boussiba S, Solovchenko A, Khozin-Goldberg I. Metabolomic foundation for differential responses of lipid metabolism to nitrogen and phosphorus deprivation in an arachidonic acid-producing green microalga. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 283:95-115. [PMID: 31128719 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The green oleaginous microalga Lobosphaera incisa accumulates storage lipids triacylglycerols (TAG) enriched in the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid arachidonic acid under nitrogen (N) deprivation. In contrast, under phosphorous (P) deprivation, the production of the monounsaturated oleic acid prevails. We compared physiological responses, ultrastructural, and metabolic consequences of L. incisa acclimation to N and P deficiency to provide novel insights into the key determinants of ARA accumulation. Differential responses to nutrient deprivation on growth performance, carbon-to-nitrogen stoichiometry, membrane lipid composition and TAG accumulation were demonstrated. Ultrastructural analyses suggested a dynamic role for vacuoles in sustaining cell homeostasis under conditions of different nutrient availability and their involvement in autophagy in L. incisa. Paralleling ARA-rich TAG accumulation in lipid droplets, N deprivation triggered intensive chloroplast dismantling and promoted catabolic processes. Metabolome analysis revealed depletion of amino acids and pyrimidines, and repression of numerous biosynthetic hubs to favour TAG biosynthesis under N deprivation. Under P deprivation, despite the relatively low growth penalties, the presence of the endogenous P reserves and the characteristic lipid remodelling, metabolic signatures of energy deficiency were revealed. Metabolome adjustments to P deprivation included depletion in ATP and phosphorylated nucleotides, increased levels of TCA-cycle intermediates and osmoprotectants. We conclude that characteristic cellular and metabolome adjustments tailor the adaptive responses of L. incisa to N and P deprivation modulating its LC-PUFA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamilya Kokabi
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, 8499000, Israel
| | - Olga Gorelova
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Tatiana Ismagulova
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Maxim Itkin
- Metabolic Profiling Unit, Life Science Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sergey Malitsky
- Metabolic Profiling Unit, Life Science Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sammy Boussiba
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, 8499000, Israel
| | - Alexei Solovchenko
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, 119234, Russia; Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, 117198, Russia
| | - Inna Khozin-Goldberg
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, 8499000, Israel.
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14
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Kugler A, Zorin B, Didi-Cohen S, Sibiryak M, Gorelova O, Ismagulova T, Kokabi K, Kumari P, Lukyanov A, Boussiba S, Solovchenko A, Khozin-Goldberg I. Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in the Green Microalga Lobosphaera incisa Contribute to Tolerance to Abiotic Stresses. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 60:1205-1223. [PMID: 30668793 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Lobosphaera incisa is a green microalga that accumulates high levels of the valuable omega-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) arachidonic acid (ARA, 20:4n-6) in triacylglycerols (TAG) under nitrogen (N) starvation. LC-PUFA accumulation is a rare trait in photosynthetic microalgae with insufficiently understood physiological significance. In this study, RNAi was attempted, for the first time in L. incisa, to produce knockdown lines for the Δ5 desaturase gene. Two lines, termed modified lines, which were isolated during screening for transgenic events, demonstrated alterations in their LC-PUFA profile, ARA-biosynthesis gene expression and lipid class distribution. In line M5-78, which appeared to carry a mutation in the Δ6 elongase gene, LC-PUFA were substituted by 18:3n-6 in all glycerolipids. Line M2-35, for which the exact genetic background has not been established, displayed a dramatic reduction in 20:4n-6, concomitant with an augmented proportion of 18:1n-9, in particular in the extraplastidial membrane lipids and TAG. The physiological responses of the modified lines to stressful conditions were compared with the wild type and the Δ5 desaturase mutant. In the N-replete cells of modified lines, the frequency of lipid droplets was reduced, while a number of starch grains increased, suggesting altered partitioning of assimilated carbon into reserve products. Furthermore, both lines exhibited reduced ability to accumulate TAG under N deprivation and recover from N starvation. Both lines demonstrated lower photosynthetic pigment contents, impairments in photosynthesis under a range of stressful conditions, and less efficient functioning of photoprotection under optimal conditions. Possible implications of fatty acids modifications in the stress response of L. incisa are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kugler
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology for Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Boris Zorin
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology for Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Shoshana Didi-Cohen
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology for Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Maria Sibiryak
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology for Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Olga Gorelova
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Bioengineering, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana Ismagulova
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Bioengineering, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kamilya Kokabi
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology for Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Puja Kumari
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology for Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Alexander Lukyanov
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Bioengineering, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sammy Boussiba
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology for Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
| | - Alexei Solovchenko
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Bioengineering, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Agriculture and Technology, Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
| | - Inna Khozin-Goldberg
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology for Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, Midreshet Ben-Gurion, Israel
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15
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Wang X, Luo SW, Luo W, Yang WD, Liu JS, Li HY. Adaptive evolution of microalgal strains empowered by fulvic acid for enhanced polyunsaturated fatty acid production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 277:204-210. [PMID: 30630660 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.12.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae have emerged as the potential source for value-added products such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Metabolic engineering of multiple metabolic pathways has promoted eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) production in microalgae, however, further improvement is warranted owing to the burgeoning demand. Here we improved the microalgal strains by adaptive evolution under hyposalinity treatment, which showed that 70% salinity potentiated the algae to enhance PUFAs. To exploit the maximal PUFA production potential of evolved strains, we subjected evolved algae to light, temperature and fulvic acid treatment. Amongst, fulvic acid (15 mg/L) enhanced growth and achieved the highest EPA content (13.9%) in the evolved diatom. Fulvic acid enhanced antioxidant potential and unprecedently governed the expression of PUFA and lipid biosynthetic genes. Collectively, this investigation demonstrates the efficacy of adaptive evolution empowered by fulvic acid and exemplifies a feasible strain improving strategy to harness the biotechnological potential of microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shan-Wei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wanghaoyun Luo
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wei-Dong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Jie-Sheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Hong-Ye Li
- Key Laboratory of Eutrophication and Red Tide Prevention of Guangdong Higher Education Institute, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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16
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Gorelova O, Baulina O, Ismagulova T, Kokabi K, Lobakova E, Selyakh I, Semenova L, Chivkunova O, Karpova O, Scherbakov P, Khozin-Goldberg I, Solovchenko A. Stress-induced changes in the ultrastructure of the photosynthetic apparatus of green microalgae. PROTOPLASMA 2019; 256:261-277. [PMID: 30083788 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-018-1294-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In photosynthetic organisms including unicellular algae, acclimation to and damage by environmental stresses are readily apparent at the level of the photosynthetic apparatus. Phenotypic manifestations of the stress responses include rapid and dramatic reduction of photosynthetic activity and pigment content aimed at mitigating the risk of photooxidative damage. Although the physiological and molecular mechanisms of these events are well known, the ultrastructural picture of the stress responses is often elusive and frequently controversial. We analyzed an extensive set of transmission electron microscopy images of the microalgal cells obtained across species of Chlorophyta and in a wide range of growth conditions. The results of the analysis allowed us to pinpoint distinct ultrastructural changes typical of normal functioning and emergency reduction of the chloroplast membrane system under high light exposure and/or mineral nutrient starvation. We demonstrate the patterns of the stress-related ultrastructural changes including peculiar thylakoid rearrangements and autophagy-like processes and provide an outlook on their significance for implementation of the stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Gorelova
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Olga Baulina
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Tatiana Ismagulova
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Kamilya Kokabi
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology for Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, 8499000, Midreshet Ben Gurion, Israel
| | - Elena Lobakova
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Irina Selyakh
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Larisa Semenova
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Olga Chivkunova
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Olga Karpova
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Pavel Scherbakov
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, 119234, Russia
| | - Inna Khozin-Goldberg
- Microalgal Biotechnology Laboratory, The French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology for Drylands, The J. Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede-Boqer Campus, 8499000, Midreshet Ben Gurion, Israel
| | - Alexei Solovchenko
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Biology, Moscow State University, GSP-1, Moscow, 119234, Russia.
- Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, 117198, Russia.
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17
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Maltsev Y, Gusev E, Maltseva I, Kulikovskiy M, Namsaraev Z, Petrushkina M, Filimonova A, Sorokin B, Golubeva A, Butaeva G, Khrushchev A, Zotko N, Kuzmin D. Description of a new species of soil algae, Parietochloris grandis sp. nov., and study of its fatty acid profiles under different culturing conditions. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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18
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Pal-Nath D, Didi-Cohen S, Shtaida N, Nath PR, Samani T, Boussiba S, Khozin-Goldberg I. Improved productivity and oxidative stress tolerance under nitrogen starvation is associated with the ablated Δ5 desaturation in the green microalga Lobosphaera incisa. ALGAL RES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2017.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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