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Gros V, Lupette J, Jouhet J. Extraction and Quantification of Lipids from Plant or Algae. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2776:205-230. [PMID: 38502507 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3726-5_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
In plants and algae, the glycerolipidome changes in response to environmental modifications. For instance, in phosphate starvation, phospholipids are degraded and replaced by non-phosphorus lipids, and in nitrogen starvation, storage lipids accumulate. In addition to the well-known applications of oil crops for food, algae lipids are becoming a model for potential applications in health, biofuel, and green chemistry and are used as a platform for genetic engineering. It is therefore important to measure accurately and quickly the glycerolipid content in plants and algae. Here we describe the methods to extract the lipid and quantify the fatty acid amount of the lipid extract and the different lipid classes that are present in these samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Gros
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CNRS, CEA, INRAE, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Josselin Lupette
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CNRS, CEA, INRAE, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Juliette Jouhet
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CNRS, CEA, INRAE, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France.
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Abd El-Hack ME, Abdel-Moneim AME, Adegbeye M, Adewumi K, Ahamefule BC, Ahamefule CS, Alfaia C, Aly HF, Amin N, Anuwar S, Arapoglou D, Ashok Kumar N, Babayeva T, Badiale-Furlong E, Barroca MJ, Carabantes AG, Casano LM, Chauhan VS, Cheng X, Chentir I, Choo WT, Coelho D, Convey P, Čopíková J, Coronado-Reyes JA, Costa JLG, Costa M, Deprá MC, Dias RR, Dufossé L, Edoh O, Ekanem D, Elghandour MM, Eliopoulos C, El-Saadony MT, Eltanahy E, El-Tarabily KA, Esteves AF, Fagundes MB, Fajemisin AN, Faniyi T, Fernandes AS, Florença SG, Flores-Córdova MA, Fradinho P, Fuciños P, Gayen K, Gonçalves AL, González-Hernández JC, Guedes AC, Guiné RP, Herrera M, Iamtham S, Jack A, Jacob-Lopes E, Jaiswal M, Jayappriyan K, Jethani H, Kannaujiya VK, Khafagy A, Khanniri E, Khorshidian N, Komarcheuski AS, Lopes PA, Lupette J, Machado CA, Markou G, Maroneze MM, Martinez A, Martínez-Sánchez V, Martins CB, Melville L, Mesadri J, Mesalam NM, Mitterer-Daltoé ML, Montenegro Herrera CA, Mortazavian AM, Nascimento TCD, Nass PP, Neenu R, Nicoletti M, Nornberg ML, Nunes MC, Ogbonna CN, Ogbonna I, Ogbonna J, Pagels F, Pagnussatt FA, Pandey S, Pan-utai W, Pastrana LM, Pérez-Gálvez A, Pérez-Lloréns JL, Pestana J, Pires JC, Prates JA, Queiroz MI, Rahman KM, Rai A, Rai PK, Raja R, Ramírez-Mérida LG, Raymundo A, Rivas-Caceres RR, Rizk MZ, Roca M, Rodríguez-Roque MJ, Saad S, Salas-Salazar NA, Salem AZ, Salem HM, Salgado EM, Saloň I, Sánchez-Vega R, Sarkar S, Scaglioni PT, Schetinger LC, Shah M, Shams SGE, Sharma NK, Shehata AM, Singh A, Sinha RP, Soto-Caballero MC, Sridhar S, Sushytskyi L, Synytsya A, Teoh ML, Tiwari B, Tiwari S, Toniolo C, Torky A, Valdivia-Nájar CG, Vaquero MG, Vasconcellos RS, Vendruscolo RG, Vergara JJ, Vieira MV, Vigani M, Vingiani AM, Vingiani GM, Volpato JA, Wagner R, Wong CY, Wong NLW, Yousefi M, Yusoff FM, Zepka LQ. Contributors. Handbook of Food and Feed from Microalgae 2023:xv-xx. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-99196-4.09990-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Lupette J, Tardif M, Brugière S, Couté Y, Salvaing J, Maréchal E. Quantitative proteomic analyses reveal the impact of nitrogen starvation on the proteome of the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Proteomics 2022; 22:e2200155. [PMID: 36168874 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.202200155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Diatoms are one of the largest groups in phytoplankton biodiversity. Understanding their response to nitrogen variations, present from micromolar to near-zero levels in oceans and fresh waters, is essential to comprehend their ecological success. Nitrogen starvation is used in biotechnological processes, to trigger the remodeling of carbon metabolism in the direction of fatty acids and triacylglycerol synthesis. We evaluated whole proteome changes in Phaeodactylum tricornutum after 7 days of cultivation with 5.5-mM nitrate (+N) or without any nitrogen source (-N). On a total of 3768 proteins detected in biological replicates, our analysis pointed to 384 differentially abundant proteins (DAP). Analysis of proteins of lower abundance in -N revealed an arrest of amino acid and protein syntheses, a remodeling of nitrogen metabolism, and a decrease of the proteasome abundance suggesting a decline in unselective whole-proteome decay. Analysis of proteins of higher abundance revealed the setting up of a general nitrogen scavenging system dependent on deaminases. The increase of a plastid palmitoyl-ACP desaturase appeared as a hallmark of carbon metabolism rewiring in the direction of fatty acid and triacylglycerol synthesis. This dataset is also valuable to select gene candidates for improved biotechnological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josselin Lupette
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CEA, CNRS, INRAE, Université Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France.,Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Marianne Tardif
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UMR BioSanté U1292, CNRS, CEA, FR2048, Grenoble, France
| | - Sabine Brugière
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UMR BioSanté U1292, CNRS, CEA, FR2048, Grenoble, France
| | - Yohann Couté
- Université Grenoble Alpes, INSERM, CEA, UMR BioSanté U1292, CNRS, CEA, FR2048, Grenoble, France
| | - Juliette Salvaing
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CEA, CNRS, INRAE, Université Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Maréchal
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CEA, CNRS, INRAE, Université Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
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Gomez RE, Castets J, Lupette J, Chambaud C, Joubès J, Bernard A. Phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate joins the dance of plant autophagosome formation. Autophagy 2022:1-2. [PMID: 36215405 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2132042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In plants, macroautophagy/autophagy is a key mechanism that contributes to their ability to cope with a wide range of environmental constraints such as drought, nutrient starvation or pathogen resistance. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms of plant autophagy, and notably that of autophagosome formation, remain poorly understood. As the starting point of our recent paper, we considered the potential functional contribution of lipids in the numerous membrane-remodeling steps involved in this process. By combining biochemistry, genetics, cell biology and high-resolution 3D imaging, we unraveled the function of the lipid phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate (PtdIns4P) in autophagy in Arabidopsis thaliana, thus providing novel insights into the assembly of autophagosomes in plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Enrique Gomez
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Univ, Bordeaux, Aquitaine, France
| | - Julie Castets
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Univ, Bordeaux, Aquitaine, France
| | - Josselin Lupette
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Univ, Bordeaux, Aquitaine, France
| | - Clément Chambaud
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Univ, Bordeaux, Aquitaine, France
| | - Jérôme Joubès
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Univ, Bordeaux, Aquitaine, France
| | - Amélie Bernard
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Univ, Bordeaux, Aquitaine, France
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Pinto J, Lami R, Krasovec M, Grimaud R, Urios L, Lupette J, Escande ML, Sanchez F, Intertaglia L, Grimsley N, Piganeau G, Sanchez-Brosseau S. Features of the Opportunistic Behaviour of the Marine Bacterium Marinobacter algicola in the Microalga Ostreococcus tauri Phycosphere. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9081777. [PMID: 34442856 PMCID: PMC8399681 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9081777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although interactions between microalgae and bacteria are observed in both natural environment and the laboratory, the modalities of coexistence of bacteria inside microalgae phycospheres in laboratory cultures are mostly unknown. Here, we focused on well-controlled cultures of the model green picoalga Ostreococcus tauri and the most abundant member of its phycosphere, Marinobacter algicola. The prevalence of M. algicola in O. tauri cultures raises questions about how this bacterium maintains itself under laboratory conditions in the microalga culture. The results showed that M. algicola did not promote O. tauri growth in the absence of vitamin B12 while M. algicola depended on O. tauri to grow in synthetic medium, most likely to obtain organic carbon sources provided by the microalgae. M. algicola grew on a range of lipids, including triacylglycerols that are known to be produced by O. tauri in culture during abiotic stress. Genomic screening revealed the absence of genes of two particular modes of quorum-sensing in Marinobacter genomes which refutes the idea that these bacterial communication systems operate in this genus. To date, the ‘opportunistic’ behaviour of M. algicola in the laboratory is limited to several phytoplanktonic species including Chlorophyta such as O. tauri. This would indicate a preferential occurrence of M. algicola in association with these specific microalgae under optimum laboratory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Pinto
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France; (J.P.); (M.K.); (J.L.); (F.S.); (N.G.); (G.P.)
| | - Raphaël Lami
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, USR 3579 Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes (LBBM), Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France;
| | - Marc Krasovec
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France; (J.P.); (M.K.); (J.L.); (F.S.); (N.G.); (G.P.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3RB, UK
| | - Régis Grimaud
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, 64000 Pau, France; (R.G.); (L.U.)
| | - Laurent Urios
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM, 64000 Pau, France; (R.G.); (L.U.)
| | - Josselin Lupette
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France; (J.P.); (M.K.); (J.L.); (F.S.); (N.G.); (G.P.)
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR 5200 Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, 33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Marie-Line Escande
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, FR 3724, Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France; (M.-L.E.); (L.I.)
| | - Frédéric Sanchez
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France; (J.P.); (M.K.); (J.L.); (F.S.); (N.G.); (G.P.)
| | - Laurent Intertaglia
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, FR 3724, Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France; (M.-L.E.); (L.I.)
| | - Nigel Grimsley
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France; (J.P.); (M.K.); (J.L.); (F.S.); (N.G.); (G.P.)
| | - Gwenaël Piganeau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France; (J.P.); (M.K.); (J.L.); (F.S.); (N.G.); (G.P.)
| | - Sophie Sanchez-Brosseau
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins (BIOM), Observatoire Océanologique, 66650 Banyuls-sur-Mer, France; (J.P.); (M.K.); (J.L.); (F.S.); (N.G.); (G.P.)
- Correspondence:
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Gomez RE, Lupette J, Chambaud C, Castets J, Ducloy A, Cacas JL, Masclaux-Daubresse C, Bernard A. How Lipids Contribute to Autophagosome Biogenesis, a Critical Process in Plant Responses to Stresses. Cells 2021; 10:1272. [PMID: 34063958 PMCID: PMC8224036 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Throughout their life cycle, plants face a tremendous number of environmental and developmental stresses. To respond to these different constraints, they have developed a set of refined intracellular systems including autophagy. This pathway, highly conserved among eukaryotes, is induced by a wide range of biotic and abiotic stresses upon which it mediates the degradation and recycling of cytoplasmic material. Central to autophagy is the formation of highly specialized double membrane vesicles called autophagosomes which select, engulf, and traffic cargo to the lytic vacuole for degradation. The biogenesis of these structures requires a series of membrane remodeling events during which both the quantity and quality of lipids are critical to sustain autophagy activity. This review highlights our knowledge, and raises current questions, regarding the mechanism of autophagy, and its induction and regulation upon environmental stresses with a particular focus on the fundamental contribution of lipids. How autophagy regulates metabolism and the recycling of resources, including lipids, to promote plant acclimation and resistance to stresses is further discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Enrique Gomez
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (R.E.G.); (J.L.); (C.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Josselin Lupette
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (R.E.G.); (J.L.); (C.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Clément Chambaud
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (R.E.G.); (J.L.); (C.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Julie Castets
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (R.E.G.); (J.L.); (C.C.); (J.C.)
| | - Amélie Ducloy
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318 AgroParisTech-INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (A.D.); (J.-L.C.); (C.M.-D.)
| | - Jean-Luc Cacas
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318 AgroParisTech-INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (A.D.); (J.-L.C.); (C.M.-D.)
| | - Céline Masclaux-Daubresse
- Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR 1318 AgroParisTech-INRAE, Université Paris-Saclay, 78000 Versailles, France; (A.D.); (J.-L.C.); (C.M.-D.)
| | - Amélie Bernard
- Laboratoire de Biogenèse Membranaire, UMR 5200, CNRS, Université de Bordeaux, F-33140 Villenave d’Ornon, France; (R.E.G.); (J.L.); (C.C.); (J.C.)
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Cook R, Lupette J, Benning C. The Role of Chloroplast Membrane Lipid Metabolism in Plant Environmental Responses. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030706. [PMID: 33806748 PMCID: PMC8005216 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants are nonmotile life forms that are constantly exposed to changing environmental conditions during the course of their life cycle. Fluctuations in environmental conditions can be drastic during both day–night and seasonal cycles, as well as in the long term as the climate changes. Plants are naturally adapted to face these environmental challenges, and it has become increasingly apparent that membranes and their lipid composition are an important component of this adaptive response. Plants can remodel their membranes to change the abundance of different lipid classes, and they can release fatty acids that give rise to signaling compounds in response to environmental cues. Chloroplasts harbor the photosynthetic apparatus of plants embedded into one of the most extensive membrane systems found in nature. In part one of this review, we focus on changes in chloroplast membrane lipid class composition in response to environmental changes, and in part two, we will detail chloroplast lipid-derived signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron Cook
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1319, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1319, USA
| | - Josselin Lupette
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1319, USA
| | - Christoph Benning
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1319, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1319, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1319, USA
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Lupette J, Benning C. Human health benefits of very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids from microalgae. Biochimie 2020; 178:15-25. [PMID: 32389760 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are single-cell, photosynthetic organisms whose biodiversity places them at the forefront of biological producers of high-value molecules including lipids and pigments. Some of these organisms particular are capable of synthesizing n-3 very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFAs), known to have beneficial effects on human health. Indeed, VLC-PUFAs are the precursors of many signaling molecules in humans involved in the complexities of inflammatory processes. This mini-review provides an inventory of knowledge on the synthesis of VLC-PUFAs in microalgae and on the diversity of signaling molecules (prostanoids, leukotrienes, SPMs, EFOX, isoprostanoids) that arise in humans from VLC-PUFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josselin Lupette
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
| | - Christoph Benning
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA; Department of Plant Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
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Jaussaud A, Lupette J, Salvaing J, Jouhet J, Bastien O, Gromova M, Maréchal E. Stepwise Biogenesis of Subpopulations of Lipid Droplets in Nitrogen Starved Phaeodactylum tricornutum Cells. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:48. [PMID: 32117386 PMCID: PMC7026457 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Diatoms are unicellular heterokonts, living in oceans and freshwaters, exposed to frequent environmental variations. They have a sophisticated membrane compartmentalization and are bounded by a siliceous cell-wall. Formation of lipid droplets (LDs), filled with triacylglycerol (TAG), is a common response to stress. The proteome of mature-LDs from Phaeodactylum tricornutum highlighted the lack of proteins involved in early-LD formation, TAG biosynthesis or LD-to-LD connections. These features suggest that cytosolic LDs might reach a size limit. We analyzed the dynamics of LD formation in P. tricornutum (Pt1 8.6; CCAP 1055/1) during 7 days of nitrogen starvation, by monitoring TAG by mass spectrometry-based lipidomics, and LD radius using epifluorescence microscopy and pulse field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance. We confirmed that mature LDs reach a maximal size. Based on pulse field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance, we did not detect any LD-LD fusion. Three LD subpopulations were produced, each with a different maximal size, larger-sized LDs (radius 0.675 ± 0.125 µm) being generated first. Mathematical modeling showed how smaller LDs are produced once larger LDs have reached their maximum radius. In a mutant line having larger cells, the maximal size of the first LD subpopulation was higher (0.941 ± 0.169 µm), while the principle of stepwise formation of distinct LD populations was maintained. Results suggest that LD size is determined by available cytosolic space and sensing of an optimal size reached in the previous LD subpopulation. Future perspectives include the unraveling of LD-size control mechanisms upon nitrogen shortage. This study also provides novel prospects for the optimization of oleaginous microalgae for biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Jaussaud
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, IRIG, CEA-Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Josselin Lupette
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, IRIG, CEA-Grenoble, Grenoble, France
- Plant Research Laboratory, Department of Energy, Michigan State University, MI, East Lansing, USA
| | - Juliette Salvaing
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, IRIG, CEA-Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Juliette Jouhet
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, IRIG, CEA-Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Bastien
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, IRIG, CEA-Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Marina Gromova
- Laboratoire Modélisation et Exploration des Matériaux, Université Grenoble Alpes, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, IRIG, CEA-Grenoble, Grenoble, France
- *Correspondence: Marina Gromova, ; Eric Maréchal,
| | - Eric Maréchal
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, IRIG, CEA-Grenoble, Grenoble, France
- *Correspondence: Marina Gromova, ; Eric Maréchal,
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Balzano S, Villanueva L, de Bar M, Sahonero Canavesi DX, Yildiz C, Engelmann JC, Marechal E, Lupette J, Sinninghe Damst� JS, Schouten S. Biosynthesis of Long Chain Alkyl Diols and Long Chain Alkenols in Nannochloropsis spp. (Eustigmatophyceae). Plant Cell Physiol 2019; 60:1666-1682. [PMID: 31058972 PMCID: PMC6872974 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcz078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigated potential biosynthetic pathways of long chain alkenols (LCAs), long chain alkyl diols (LCDs), and long chain hydroxy fatty acids (LCHFAs) in Nannochloropsis oceanica and Nannochloropsis gaditana, by combining culturing experiments with genomic and transcriptomic analyses. Incubation of Nannochloropsis spp. in the dark for 1 week led to significant increases in the cellular concentrations of LCAs and LCDs in both species. Consistently, 13C-labelled substrate experiments confirmed that both LCA and LCD were actively produced in the dark from C14-18 fatty acids by either condensation or elongation/hydroxylation, although no enzymatic evidence was found for the former pathway. Nannochloropsis spp. did, however, contain (i) multiple polyketide synthases (PKSs) including one type (PKS-Clade II) that might catalyze incomplete fatty acid elongations leading to the formation of 3-OH-fatty acids, (ii) 3-hydroxyacyl dehydratases (HADs), which can possibly form Δ2/Δ3 monounsaturated fatty acids, and (iii) fatty acid elongases (FAEs) that could elongate 3-OH-fatty acids and Δ2/Δ3 monounsaturated fatty acids to longer products. The enzymes responsible for reduction of the long chain fatty acids to LCDs and LCAs are, however, unclear. A putative wax ester synthase/acyl coenzyme A (acyl-CoA): diacylglycerol acyltransferase is likely to be involved in the esterification of LCAs and LCDs in the cell wall. Our data thus provide useful insights in predicting the biosynthetic pathways of LCAs and LCDs in phytoplankton suggesting a key role of FAE and PKS enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Balzano
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, AB Den Burg, The Netherlands
- Corresponding author: E-mail, ; Fax, +39 081 7641355. Present address: Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Istituto Nazionale di Biologia Ecologia e Biotecnologie Marine, Villa Comunale, Napoli, Italy
| | - Laura Villanueva
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, AB Den Burg, The Netherlands
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marijke de Bar
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, AB Den Burg, The Netherlands
| | - Diana X Sahonero Canavesi
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, AB Den Burg, The Netherlands
| | - Caglar Yildiz
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, AB Den Burg, The Netherlands
| | - Julia C Engelmann
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, AB Den Burg, The Netherlands
| | - Eric Marechal
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et V�g�tale, Unit� mixte de recherche CNRS, CEA, INRA, Universit� Grenoble Alpes, CEA Grenoble, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, France
| | - Josselin Lupette
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et V�g�tale, Unit� mixte de recherche CNRS, CEA, INRA, Universit� Grenoble Alpes, CEA Grenoble, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, France
- Present address: MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Jaap S Sinninghe Damst�
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, AB Den Burg, The Netherlands
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Stefan Schouten
- Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry (MMB), NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Utrecht University, AB Den Burg, The Netherlands
- Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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11
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Abstract
Diatoms are a phylum of unicellular photosynthetic eukaryotes living in oceans and fresh waters, characterized by the complexity of their plastid, resulting from a secondary endosymbiosis event. In the model diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum, fatty acids (FAs) are synthesized from acetyl-CoA in the stroma of the plastid, producing palmitic acid. FAs are elongated and desaturated to form very-long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFAs) in domains of the endomembrane system that need to be identified. Synthesis of VLC-PUFAs is coupled with their import to the core of the plastid via the so-called "omega" pathway. The biosynthesis of sterols in diatoms is likely to be localized in the endoplasmic reticulum as well as using precursors deriving from the mevalonate pathway, using acetyl-CoA as initial substrate. These metabolic modules can be characterized functionally by genetic analyzes or chemical treatments with appropriate inhibitors. Some 'metabolic modules' are characterized by a very low level of metabolic intermediates. Since some chemical treatments or genetic perturbation of lipid metabolism induce the accumulation of these intermediates, channeling processes are possibly involved, suggesting that protein-protein interactions might occur between enzymes within large size complexes or metabolons. At the junction of these modules, metabolic intermediates might therefore play dramatic roles in directing carbon fluxes from one direction to another. Here, acetyl-CoA seems determinant in the balance between TAGs and sterols. Future lines of research and potential utilization for biotechnological applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Maréchal
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, CNRS, CEA, INRA, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire de Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, 17 avenue des Martyrs, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Josselin Lupette
- MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
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12
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Decelle J, Stryhanyuk H, Gallet B, Veronesi G, Schmidt M, Balzano S, Marro S, Uwizeye C, Jouneau PH, Lupette J, Jouhet J, Maréchal E, Schwab Y, Schieber NL, Tucoulou R, Richnow H, Finazzi G, Musat N. Algal Remodeling in a Ubiquitous Planktonic Photosymbiosis. Curr Biol 2019; 29:968-978.e4. [PMID: 30827917 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.01.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Photosymbiosis between single-celled hosts and microalgae is common in oceanic plankton, especially in oligotrophic surface waters. However, the functioning of this ecologically important cell-cell interaction and the subcellular mechanisms allowing the host to accommodate and benefit from its microalgae remain enigmatic. Here, using a combination of quantitative single-cell structural and chemical imaging techniques (FIB-SEM, nanoSIMS, Synchrotron X-ray fluorescence), we show that the structural organization, physiology, and trophic status of the algal symbionts (the haptophyte Phaeocystis) significantly change within their acantharian hosts compared to their free-living phase in culture. In symbiosis, algal cell division is blocked, photosynthesis is enhanced, and cell volume is increased by up to 10-fold with a higher number of plastids (from 2 to up to 30) and thylakoid membranes. The multiplication of plastids can lead to a 38-fold increase of the total plastid volume in a cell. Subcellular mapping of nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorous) and their stoichiometric ratios shows that symbiotic algae are impoverished in phosphorous and suggests a higher investment in energy-acquisition machinery rather than in growth. Nanoscale imaging also showed that the host supplies a substantial amount of trace metals (e.g., iron and cobalt), which are stored in algal vacuoles at high concentrations (up to 660 ppm). Sulfur mapping reveals a high concentration in algal vacuoles that may be a source of antioxidant molecules. Overall, this study unveils an unprecedented morphological and metabolic transformation of microalgae following their integration into a host, and it suggests that this widespread symbiosis is a farming strategy wherein the host engulfs and exploits microalgae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Decelle
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Hryhoriy Stryhanyuk
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Benoit Gallet
- Institut de Biologie Structurale, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38044 Grenoble, France
| | - Giulia Veronesi
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux UMR 5249, Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 17 Avenue des Martyrs, 38054 Grenoble, France; ESRF, The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Matthias Schmidt
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sergio Balzano
- NIOZ, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Marine Microbiology and Biogeochemistry, and Utrecht University, PO Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, the Netherlands
| | - Sophie Marro
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Océanographie de Villefranche UMR7093, Observatoire Océanologique, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
| | - Clarisse Uwizeye
- Cell & Plant Physiology Laboratory, University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Pierre-Henri Jouneau
- Institut Nanosciences et Cryogénie, Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, 38054 Grenoble, France
| | - Josselin Lupette
- Cell & Plant Physiology Laboratory, University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Juliette Jouhet
- Cell & Plant Physiology Laboratory, University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Eric Maréchal
- Cell & Plant Physiology Laboratory, University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Yannick Schwab
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nicole L Schieber
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rémi Tucoulou
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38043 Grenoble, France
| | - Hans Richnow
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Giovanni Finazzi
- Cell & Plant Physiology Laboratory, University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA, 38054 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Niculina Musat
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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13
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Lupette J, Jaussaud A, Vigor C, Oger C, Galano JM, Réversat G, Vercauteren J, Jouhet J, Durand T, Maréchal E. Non-Enzymatic Synthesis of Bioactive Isoprostanoids in the Diatom Phaeodactylum following Oxidative Stress. Plant Physiol 2018; 178:1344-1357. [PMID: 30237205 PMCID: PMC6236624 DOI: 10.1104/pp.18.00925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The ecological success of diatoms requires a remarkable ability to survive many types of stress, including variations in temperature, light, salinity, and nutrient availability. On exposure to these stresses, diatoms exhibit common responses, including growth arrest, impairment of photosynthesis, production of reactive oxygen species, and accumulation of triacylglycerol (TAG). We studied the production of cyclopentane oxylipins derived from fatty acids in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum in response to oxidative stress. P. tricornutum lacks the enzymatic pathway for producing cyclopentane-oxylipins, such as jasmonate, prostaglandins, or thromboxanes. In cells subjected to increasing doses of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), we detected nonenzymatic production of isoprostanoids, including six phytoprostanes, three F2t-isoprostanes, two F3t-isoprostanes, and three F4t-neuroprostanes, by radical peroxidation of α-linolenic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexanoic acids, respectively. H2O2 also triggered photosynthesis impairment and TAG accumulation. F1t-phytoprostanes constitute the major class detected (300 pmol per 1 million cells; intracellular concentration, ∼4 µm). Only two glycerolipids, phosphatidylcholine and diacylglycerylhydroxymethyl-trimethyl-alanine, could provide all substrates for these isoprostanoids. Treatment of P. tricornutum with nine synthetic isoprostanoids produced an effect in the micromolar range, marked by the accumulation of TAG and reduced growth, without affecting photosynthesis. Therefore, the emission of H2O2 and free radicals upon exposure to stresses can lead to glycerolipid peroxidation and nonenzymatic synthesis of isoprostanoids, inhibiting growth and contributing to the induction of TAG accumulation via unknown processes. This characterization of nonenzymatic oxylipins in P. tricornutum opens a field of research on the study of processes controlled by isoprostanoid signaling in various physiological and environmental contexts in diatoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josselin Lupette
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5168, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Antoine Jaussaud
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5168, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Claire Vigor
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5247, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, F-34093 Montpellier cedex 05, France
| | - Camille Oger
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5247, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, F-34093 Montpellier cedex 05, France
| | - Jean-Marie Galano
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5247, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, F-34093 Montpellier cedex 05, France
| | - Guillaume Réversat
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5247, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, F-34093 Montpellier cedex 05, France
| | - Joseph Vercauteren
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5247, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, F-34093 Montpellier cedex 05, France
| | - Juliette Jouhet
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5168, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5247, Université de Montpellier, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier, F-34093 Montpellier cedex 05, France
| | - Eric Maréchal
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5168, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
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14
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Dellero Y, Cagnac O, Rose S, Seddiki K, Cussac M, Morabito C, Lupette J, Aiese Cigliano R, Sanseverino W, Kuntz M, Jouhet J, Maréchal E, Rébeillé F, Amato A. Proposal of a new thraustochytrid genus Hondaea gen. nov. and comparison of its lipid dynamics with the closely related pseudo-cryptic genus Aurantiochytrium. ALGAL RES 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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15
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Jouhet J, Lupette J, Clerc O, Magneschi L, Bedhomme M, Collin S, Roy S, Maréchal E, Rébeillé F. Correction: LC-MS/MS versus TLC plus GC methods: Consistency of glycerolipid and fatty acid profiles in microalgae and higher plant cells and effect of a nitrogen starvation. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206397. [PMID: 30346991 PMCID: PMC6197656 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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16
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Dellero Y, Rose S, Metton C, Morabito C, Lupette J, Jouhet J, Maréchal E, Rébeillé F, Amato A. Ecophysiology and lipid dynamics of a eukaryotic mangrove decomposer. Environ Microbiol 2018; 20:3057-3068. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Younès Dellero
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Suzanne Rose
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Coralie Metton
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Christian Morabito
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Josselin Lupette
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Juliette Jouhet
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Eric Maréchal
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Fabrice Rébeillé
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
| | - Alberto Amato
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale; Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA; Grenoble Cedex 9 France
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17
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Conte M, Lupette J, Seddiki K, Meï C, Dolch LJ, Gros V, Barette C, Rébeillé F, Jouhet J, Maréchal E. Screening for Biologically Annotated Drugs That Trigger Triacylglycerol Accumulation in the Diatom Phaeodactylum. Plant Physiol 2018; 177:532-552. [PMID: 29535162 PMCID: PMC6001342 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are a promising feedstock for the production of triacylglycerol (TAG) for a variety of potential applications, ranging from food and human health to biofuels and green chemistry. However, obtaining high TAG yields is challenging. A phenotypic assay for the accumulation of oil droplets was developed to screen a library of 1,200 drugs, annotated with pharmacology information, to select compounds that trigger TAG accumulation in the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Using this screen, we identified 34 molecules acting in a dose-dependent manner. Previously characterized targets of these compounds include cell division and cell signaling effectors, membrane receptors and transporters, and sterol metabolism. Among the five compounds possibly acting on sterol metabolism, we focused our study on ethynylestradiol, a synthetic form of estrogen that is used in contraceptive pills and known for its ecological impact as an endocrine disruptor. Ethynylestradiol impaired the production of very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, destabilized the galactolipid versus phospholipid balance, and triggered the recycling of fatty acids from membrane lipids to TAG. The P. tricornutum transcriptomic response to treatment with ethynylestradiol was consistent with the reallocation of carbon from sterols to acetyl-coenzyme A and TAG. The mode of action and catabolism of ethynylestradiol are unknown but might involve several up-regulated cytochrome P450 proteins. A fatty acid elongase, Δ6-ELO-B1, might be involved in the impairment of very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and fatty acid turnover. This phenotypic screen opens new perspectives for the exploration of novel bioactive molecules, potential target genes, and pathways controlling TAG biosynthesis. It also unraveled the sensitivity of diatoms to endocrine disruptors, highlighting an impact of anthropogenic pollution on phytoplankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Conte
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique-Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Josselin Lupette
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique-Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Khawla Seddiki
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique-Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Coline Meï
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique-Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Lina-Juana Dolch
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique-Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Valérie Gros
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique-Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Caroline Barette
- Laboratoire de Biologie à Grande Echelle, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, INSERM, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique-Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Fabrice Rébeillé
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique-Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Juliette Jouhet
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique-Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Maréchal
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences et Biotechnologies de Grenoble, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique-Grenoble, 38000 Grenoble, France
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18
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Dolch LJ, Lupette J, Tourcier G, Bedhomme M, Collin S, Magneschi L, Conte M, Seddiki K, Richard C, Corre E, Fourage L, Laeuffer F, Richards R, Reith M, Rébeillé F, Jouhet J, McGinn P, Maréchal E. Nitric Oxide Mediates Nitrite-Sensing and Acclimation and Triggers a Remodeling of Lipids. Plant Physiol 2017; 175:1407-1423. [PMID: 28924015 PMCID: PMC5664477 DOI: 10.1104/pp.17.01042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an intermediate of the nitrogen cycle, an industrial pollutant, and a marker of climate change. NO also acts as a gaseous transmitter in a variety of biological processes. The impact of environmental NO needs to be addressed. In diatoms, a dominant phylum in phytoplankton, NO was reported to mediate programmed cell death in response to diatom-derived polyunsaturated aldehydes. Here, using the Phaeodactylum Pt1 strain, 2E,4E-decadienal supplied in the micromolar concentration range led to a nonspecific cell toxicity. We reexamined NO biosynthesis and response in Phaeodactylum NO inhibits cell growth and triggers triacylglycerol (TAG) accumulation. Feeding experiments indicate that NO is not produced from Arg but via conversion of nitrite by the nitrate reductase. Genome-wide transcriptional analysis shows that NO up-regulates the expression of the plastid nitrite reductase and genes involved in the subsequent incorporation of ammonium into amino acids, via both Gln synthesis and Orn-urea pathway. The phosphoenolpyruvate dehydrogenase complex is also up-regulated, leading to the production of acetyl-CoA, which can feed TAG accumulation upon exposure to NO. Transcriptional reprogramming leading to higher TAG content is balanced with a decrease of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) in the plastid via posttranslational inhibition of MGDG synthase enzymatic activity by NO. Intracellular and transient NO emission acts therefore at the basis of a nitrite-sensing and acclimating system, whereas a long exposure to NO can additionally induce a redirection of carbon to neutral lipids and a stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina-Juana Dolch
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences Biotechnologies de Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Josselin Lupette
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences Biotechnologies de Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Guillaume Tourcier
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences Biotechnologies de Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Mariette Bedhomme
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences Biotechnologies de Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
- Total Refining Chemicals, Tour Michelet, 24 Cours Michelet - La Défense 10, 92069 Paris La Défense Cedex, France
| | - Séverine Collin
- Total Refining Chemicals, Tour Michelet, 24 Cours Michelet - La Défense 10, 92069 Paris La Défense Cedex, France
| | - Leonardo Magneschi
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences Biotechnologies de Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Melissa Conte
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences Biotechnologies de Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Khawla Seddiki
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences Biotechnologies de Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Christelle Richard
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences Biotechnologies de Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Erwan Corre
- Station Biologique de Roscoff, CNRS - Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Analyses and Bioinformatics for Marine Science, 29680 Roscoff, France
| | - Laurent Fourage
- Total Refining Chemicals, Tour Michelet, 24 Cours Michelet - La Défense 10, 92069 Paris La Défense Cedex, France
| | - Frédéric Laeuffer
- Total Refining Chemicals, Tour Michelet, 24 Cours Michelet - La Défense 10, 92069 Paris La Défense Cedex, France
| | - Robert Richards
- National Research Council of Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H3Z1, Canada
| | - Michael Reith
- National Research Council of Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H3Z1, Canada
| | - Fabrice Rébeillé
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences Biotechnologies de Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Juliette Jouhet
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences Biotechnologies de Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Patrick McGinn
- National Research Council of Canada, Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H3Z1, Canada
| | - Eric Maréchal
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut de Biosciences Biotechnologies de Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, 38054, Grenoble Cedex 9, France
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Jouhet J, Lupette J, Clerc O, Magneschi L, Bedhomme M, Collin S, Roy S, Maréchal E, Rébeillé F. LC-MS/MS versus TLC plus GC methods: Consistency of glycerolipid and fatty acid profiles in microalgae and higher plant cells and effect of a nitrogen starvation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0182423. [PMID: 28771624 PMCID: PMC5542700 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Methods to analyze lipidomes have considerably evolved, more and more based on mass spectrometry technics (LC-MS/MS). However, accurate quantifications using these methods require 13C-labeled standards for each lipid, which is not feasible because of the very large number of molecules. Thus, quantifications rely on standard molecules representative of a whole class of lipids, which might lead to false estimations of some molecular species. Here, we determined and compared glycerolipid distributions from three different types of cells, two microalgae (Phaeodactylum tricornutum, Nannochloropsis gaditana) and one higher plant (Arabidopsis thaliana), using either LC-MS/MS or Thin Layer Chromatography coupled with Gas Chromatography (TLC-GC), this last approach relying on the precise quantification of the fatty acids present in each glycerolipid class. Our results showed that the glycerolipid distribution was significantly different depending on the method used. How can one reconcile these two analytical methods? Here we propose that the possible bias with MS data can be circumvented by systematically running in tandem with the sample to be analyzed a lipid extract from a qualified control (QC) of each type of cells, previously analyzed by TLC-GC, and used as an external standard to quantify the MS results. As a case study, we applied this method to compare the impact of a nitrogen deficiency on the three types of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Jouhet
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Bioscience and Biotechnologies Institute of Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Josselin Lupette
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Bioscience and Biotechnologies Institute of Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Olivier Clerc
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Bioscience and Biotechnologies Institute of Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Leonardo Magneschi
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Bioscience and Biotechnologies Institute of Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Mariette Bedhomme
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Bioscience and Biotechnologies Institute of Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Séverine Collin
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Bioscience and Biotechnologies Institute of Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Sylvaine Roy
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Bioscience and Biotechnologies Institute of Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Eric Maréchal
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Bioscience and Biotechnologies Institute of Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
| | - Fabrice Rébeillé
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Unité mixte de recherche 5168 CNRS - CEA - INRA - Université Grenoble Alpes, Bioscience and Biotechnologies Institute of Grenoble, CEA Grenoble, Grenoble, France
- * E-mail:
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Lupette J, Lami R, Krasovec M, Grimsley N, Moreau H, Piganeau G, Sanchez-Ferandin S. Marinobacter Dominates the Bacterial Community of the Ostreococcus tauri Phycosphere in Culture. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1414. [PMID: 27656176 PMCID: PMC5013054 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microalgal–bacterial interactions are commonly found in marine environments and are well known in diatom cultures maintained in laboratory. These interactions also exert strong effects on bacterial and algal diversity in the oceans. Small green eukaryote algae of the class Mamiellophyceae (Chlorophyta) are ubiquitous and some species, such as Ostreococcus spp., are particularly important in Mediterranean coastal lagoons, and are observed as dominant species during phytoplankton blooms in open sea. Despite this, little is known about the diversity of bacteria that might facilitate or hinder O. tauri growth. We show, using rDNA 16S sequences, that the bacterial community found in O. tauri RCC4221 laboratory cultures is dominated by γ-proteobacteria from the Marinobacter genus, regardless of the growth phase of O. tauri RCC4221, the photoperiod used, or the nutrient conditions (limited in nitrogen or phosphorous) tested. Several strains of Marinobacter algicola were detected, all closely related to strains found in association with taxonomically distinct organisms, particularly with dinoflagellates and coccolithophorids. These sequences were more distantly related to M. adhaerens, M. aquaeoli and bacteria usually associated to euglenoids. This is the first time, to our knowledge, that distinct Marinobacter strains have been found to be associated with a green alga in culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josselin Lupette
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire OcéanologiqueBanyuls-sur-Mer, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire OcéanologiqueBanyuls-sur-Mer, France; CEA/CNRS/INRA/Université Grenoble Alpes, UMR 5168 Laboratoire Physiologie Cellulaire VégétaleGrenoble, France
| | - Raphaël Lami
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06, USR 3579 Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes, Observatoire OcéanologiqueBanyuls-sur-Mer, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, USR 3579 Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Biotechnologies Microbiennes, Observatoire OcéanologiqueBanyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Marc Krasovec
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire OcéanologiqueBanyuls-sur-Mer, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire OcéanologiqueBanyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Nigel Grimsley
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire OcéanologiqueBanyuls-sur-Mer, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire OcéanologiqueBanyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Hervé Moreau
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire OcéanologiqueBanyuls-sur-Mer, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire OcéanologiqueBanyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Gwenaël Piganeau
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire OcéanologiqueBanyuls-sur-Mer, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire OcéanologiqueBanyuls-sur-Mer, France
| | - Sophie Sanchez-Ferandin
- Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire OcéanologiqueBanyuls-sur-Mer, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7232 Biologie Intégrative des Organismes Marins, Observatoire OcéanologiqueBanyuls-sur-Mer, France
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