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Park IW, Fiadjoe HK, Chaudhary P. Impact of Annexin A2 on virus life cycles. Virus Res 2024; 345:199384. [PMID: 38702018 PMCID: PMC11091703 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Due to the limited size of viral genomes, hijacking host machinery by the viruses taking place throughout the virus life cycle is inevitable for the survival and proliferation of the virus in the infected hosts. Recent reports indicated that Annexin A2 (AnxA2), a calcium- and lipid-binding cellular protein, plays an important role as a critical regulator in various steps of the virus life cycle. The multifarious AnxA2 functions in cells, such as adhesion, adsorption, endocytosis, exocytosis, cell proliferation and division, inflammation, cancer metastasis, angiogenesis, etc., are intimately related to the various clinical courses of viral infection. Ubiquitous expression of AnxA2 across multiple cell types indicates the broad range of susceptibility of diverse species of the virus to induce disparate viral disease in various tissues, and intracellular expression of AnxA2 in the cytoplasmic membrane, cytosol, and nucleus suggests the involvement of AnxA2 in the regulation of the different stages of various virus life cycles within host cells. However, it is yet unclear as to the molecular processes on how AnxA2 and the infected virus interplay to regulate virus life cycles and thereby the virus-associated disease courses, and hence elucidation of the molecular mechanisms on AnxA2-mediated virus life cycle will provide essential clues to develop therapeutics deterring viral disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Woo Park
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States.
| | - Hope K Fiadjoe
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States
| | - Pankaj Chaudhary
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, United States.
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2
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Goretzko J, Pauels I, Heitzig N, Thomas K, Kardell M, Naß J, Krogsaeter EK, Schloer S, Spix B, Linard Matos AL, Leser C, Wegner T, Glorius F, Bracher F, Gerke V, Rossaint J, Grimm C, Rescher U. P-selectin-dependent leukocyte adhesion is governed by endolysosomal two-pore channel 2. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113501. [PMID: 38039128 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Upon proinflammatory challenges, endothelial cell surface presentation of the leukocyte receptor P-selectin, together with the stabilizing co-factor CD63, is needed for leukocyte capture and is mediated via demand-driven exocytosis from the Weibel-Palade bodies that fuse with the plasma membrane. We report that neutrophil recruitment to activated endothelium is significantly reduced in mice deficient for the endolysosomal cation channel TPC2 and in human primary endothelial cells with pharmacological TPC2 block. We observe less CD63 signal in whole-mount stainings of proinflammatory-activated cremaster muscles from TPC2 knockout mice. We find that TPC2 is activated and needed to ensure the transfer of CD63 from endolysosomes via Weibel-Palade bodies to the plasma membrane to retain P-selectin on the cell surface of human primary endothelial cells. Our findings establish TPC2 as a key element to leukocyte interaction with the endothelium and a potential pharmacological target in the control of inflammatory leukocyte recruitment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Goretzko
- Research Group Cellular Biochemistry - Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Institute of Molecular Virology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster (formerly Research Group Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster), von-Esmarch-Strasse 56, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Inga Pauels
- Research Group Cellular Biochemistry - Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Institute of Molecular Virology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster (formerly Research Group Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster), von-Esmarch-Strasse 56, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Nicole Heitzig
- Research Group Cellular Biochemistry - Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Institute of Molecular Virology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster (formerly Research Group Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster), von-Esmarch-Strasse 56, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Katharina Thomas
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Albert Schweitzer Campus 1, A1, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Marina Kardell
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Albert Schweitzer Campus 1, A1, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Johannes Naß
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster, von-Esmarch-Strasse 56, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Einar Kleinhans Krogsaeter
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Nussbaumstrasse 26, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schloer
- Research Group Cellular Biochemistry - Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Institute of Molecular Virology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster (formerly Research Group Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster), von-Esmarch-Strasse 56, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Barbara Spix
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Nussbaumstrasse 26, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Lívia Linard Matos
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster, von-Esmarch-Strasse 56, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Charlotte Leser
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Tristan Wegner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Muenster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Frank Glorius
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Muenster, Corrensstrasse 40, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Franz Bracher
- Department of Pharmacy, Center for Drug Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Volker Gerke
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster, von-Esmarch-Strasse 56, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Jan Rossaint
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, University Hospital Muenster, Albert Schweitzer Campus 1, A1, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Christian Grimm
- Walther-Straub-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Nussbaumstrasse 26, 80336 Munich, Germany; Immunology, Infection and Pandemic Research IIP, Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ursula Rescher
- Research Group Cellular Biochemistry - Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Institute of Molecular Virology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster (formerly Research Group Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster), von-Esmarch-Strasse 56, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
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3
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Yang J, Pei T, Su G, Duan P, Liu X. AnnexinA6: a potential therapeutic target gene for extracellular matrix mineralization. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1201200. [PMID: 37727505 PMCID: PMC10506415 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1201200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The mineralization of the extracellular matrix (ECM) is an essential and crucial process for physiological bone formation and pathological calcification. The abnormal function of ECM mineralization contributes to the worldwide risk of developing mineralization-related diseases; for instance, vascular calcification is attributed to the hyperfunction of ECM mineralization, while osteoporosis is due to hypofunction. AnnexinA6 (AnxA6), a Ca2+-dependent phospholipid-binding protein, has been extensively reported as an essential target in mineralization-related diseases such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, atherosclerosis, osteosarcoma, and calcific aortic valve disease. To date, AnxA6, as the largest member of the Annexin family, has attracted much attention due to its significant contribution to matrix vesicles (MVs) production and release, MVs-ECM interaction, cytoplasmic Ca2+ influx, and maturation of hydroxyapatite, making it an essential target in ECM mineralization. In this review, we outlined the recent advancements in the role of AnxA6 in mineralization-related diseases and the potential mechanisms of AnxA6 under normal and mineralization-related pathological conditions. AnxA6 could promote ECM mineralization for bone regeneration in the manner described previously. Therefore, AnxA6 may be a potential osteogenic target for ECM mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Xiaoheng Liu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Li W, Pang Y, Jin K, Wang Y, Wu Y, Luo J, Xu W, Zhang X, Xu R, Wang T, Jiao L. Membrane contact sites orchestrate cholesterol homeostasis that is central to vascular aging. WIREs Mech Dis 2023; 15:e1612. [PMID: 37156598 DOI: 10.1002/wsbm.1612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronological age causes structural and functional vascular deterioration and is a well-established risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases, leading to more than 40% of all deaths in the elderly. The etiology of vascular aging is complex; a significant impact arises from impaired cholesterol homeostasis. Cholesterol level is balanced through synthesis, uptake, transport, and esterification, the processes executed by multiple organelles. Moreover, organelles responsible for cholesterol homeostasis are spatially and functionally coordinated instead of isolated by forming the membrane contact sites. Membrane contact, mediated by specific protein-protein interaction, pulls opposing organelles together and creates the hybrid place for cholesterol transfer and further signaling. The membrane contact-dependent cholesterol transfer, together with the vesicular transport, maintains cholesterol homeostasis and has intimate implications in a growing list of diseases, including vascular aging-related diseases. Here, we summarized the latest advances regarding cholesterol homeostasis by highlighting the membrane contact-based regulatory mechanism. We also describe the downstream signaling under cholesterol homeostasis perturbations, prominently in cholesterol-rich conditions, stimulating age-dependent organelle dysfunction and vascular aging. Finally, we discuss potential cholesterol-targeting strategies for therapists regarding vascular aging-related diseases. This article is categorized under: Cardiovascular Diseases > Molecular and Cellular Physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Li
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Machine Intelligence, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Artificial Intelligence, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiyun Pang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kehan Jin
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuru Wang
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Wu
- Laboratory of Computational Biology and Machine Intelligence, National Laboratory of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jichang Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Wenlong Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Ran Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
| | - Liqun Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- China International Neuroscience Institute (China-INI), Beijing, China
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Enrich C, Lu A, Tebar F, Rentero C, Grewal T. Ca 2+ and Annexins - Emerging Players for Sensing and Transferring Cholesterol and Phosphoinositides via Membrane Contact Sites. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1422:393-438. [PMID: 36988890 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-21547-6_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining lipid composition diversity in membranes from different organelles is critical for numerous cellular processes. However, many lipids are synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and require delivery to other organelles. In this scenario, formation of membrane contact sites (MCS) between neighbouring organelles has emerged as a novel non-vesicular lipid transport mechanism. Dissecting the molecular composition of MCS identified phosphoinositides (PIs), cholesterol, scaffolding/tethering proteins as well as Ca2+ and Ca2+-binding proteins contributing to MCS functioning. Compelling evidence now exists for the shuttling of PIs and cholesterol across MCS, affecting their concentrations in distinct membrane domains and diverse roles in membrane trafficking. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) at the plasma membrane (PM) not only controls endo-/exocytic membrane dynamics but is also critical in autophagy. Cholesterol is highly concentrated at the PM and enriched in recycling endosomes and Golgi membranes. MCS-mediated cholesterol transfer is intensely researched, identifying MCS dysfunction or altered MCS partnerships to correlate with de-regulated cellular cholesterol homeostasis and pathologies. Annexins, a conserved family of Ca2+-dependent phospholipid binding proteins, contribute to tethering and untethering events at MCS. In this chapter, we will discuss how Ca2+ homeostasis and annexins in the endocytic compartment affect the sensing and transfer of cholesterol and PIs across MCS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Enrich
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel⋅lular, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Albert Lu
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel⋅lular, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Tebar
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel⋅lular, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Rentero
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel⋅lular, Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Grewal
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Enrich C, Lu A, Tebar F, Rentero C, Grewal T. Annexins Bridging the Gap: Novel Roles in Membrane Contact Site Formation. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:797949. [PMID: 35071237 PMCID: PMC8770259 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.797949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane contact sites (MCS) are specialized small areas of close apposition between two different organelles that have led researchers to reconsider the dogma of intercellular communication via vesicular trafficking. The latter is now being challenged by the discovery of lipid and ion transfer across MCS connecting adjacent organelles. These findings gave rise to a new concept that implicates cell compartments not to function as individual and isolated entities, but as a dynamic and regulated ensemble facilitating the trafficking of lipids, including cholesterol, and ions. Hence, MCS are now envisaged as metabolic platforms, crucial for cellular homeostasis. In this context, well-known as well as novel proteins were ascribed functions such as tethers, transporters, and scaffolds in MCS, or transient MCS companions with yet unknown functions. Intriguingly, we and others uncovered metabolic alterations in cell-based disease models that perturbed MCS size and numbers between coupled organelles such as endolysosomes, the endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, or lipid droplets. On the other hand, overexpression or deficiency of certain proteins in this narrow 10-30 nm membrane contact zone can enable MCS formation to either rescue compromised MCS function, or in certain disease settings trigger undesired metabolite transport. In this "Mini Review" we summarize recent findings regarding a subset of annexins and discuss their multiple roles to regulate MCS dynamics and functioning. Their contribution to novel pathways related to MCS biology will provide new insights relevant for a number of human diseases and offer opportunities to design innovative treatments in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Enrich
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Lu
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Tebar
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Rentero
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thomas Grewal
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Grewal T, Rentero C, Enrich C, Wahba M, Raabe CA, Rescher U. Annexin Animal Models-From Fundamental Principles to Translational Research. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073439. [PMID: 33810523 PMCID: PMC8037771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Routine manipulation of the mouse genome has become a landmark in biomedical research. Traits that are only associated with advanced developmental stages can now be investigated within a living organism, and the in vivo analysis of corresponding phenotypes and functions advances the translation into the clinical setting. The annexins, a family of closely related calcium (Ca2+)- and lipid-binding proteins, are found at various intra- and extracellular locations, and interact with a broad range of membrane lipids and proteins. Their impacts on cellular functions has been extensively assessed in vitro, yet annexin-deficient mouse models generally develop normally and do not display obvious phenotypes. Only in recent years, studies examining genetically modified annexin mouse models which were exposed to stress conditions mimicking human disease often revealed striking phenotypes. This review is the first comprehensive overview of annexin-related research using animal models and their exciting future use for relevant issues in biology and experimental medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Grewal
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
- Correspondence: (T.G.); (U.R.); Tel.: +61-(0)2-9351-8496 (T.G.); +49-(0)251-83-52121 (U.R.)
| | - Carles Rentero
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.); (C.E.)
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (C.R.); (C.E.)
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mohamed Wahba
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Carsten A. Raabe
- Research Group Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE) and Cells in Motion Interfaculty Center (CiM), Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany;
| | - Ursula Rescher
- Research Group Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation (ZMBE) and Cells in Motion Interfaculty Center (CiM), Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany;
- Correspondence: (T.G.); (U.R.); Tel.: +61-(0)2-9351-8496 (T.G.); +49-(0)251-83-52121 (U.R.)
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Méndez-Barbero N, Gutiérrez-Muñoz C, Blázquez-Serra R, Martín-Ventura JL, Blanco-Colio LM. Annexins: Involvement in cholesterol homeostasis, inflammatory response and atherosclerosis. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2021; 33:206-216. [PMID: 33622609 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2020.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The annexin superfamily consists of 12 proteins with a highly structural homology that binds to phospholipids depending on the availability of Ca2+-dependent. Different studies of overexpression, inhibition, or using recombinant proteins have linked the main function of these proteins to their dynamic and reversible binding to membranes. Annexins are found in multiple cellular compartments, regulating different functions, such as membrane trafficking, anchoring to the cell cytoskeleton, ion channel regulation, as well as pro- or anti-inflammatory and anticoagulant activities. The use of animals deficient in any of these annexins has established their possible functions in vivo, demonstrating that annexins can participate in relevant functions independent of Ca2+ signalling. This review will focus mainly on the role of different annexins in the pathological vascular remodelling that underlies the formation of the atherosclerotic lesion, as well as in the control of cholesterol homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Méndez-Barbero
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, España; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), España
| | - Carmen Gutiérrez-Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, España; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), España
| | | | - José Luis Martín-Ventura
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, España; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), España
| | - Luis Miguel Blanco-Colio
- Laboratorio de Patología Vascular, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, España; CIBER de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), España.
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9
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Ma F, Li X, Fang H, Jin Y, Sun Q, Li X. Prognostic Value of ANXA8 in Gastric Carcinoma. J Cancer 2020; 11:3551-3558. [PMID: 32284751 PMCID: PMC7150447 DOI: 10.7150/jca.40010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric carcinoma (GC) remains one of the most common and deadly cancers worldwide. In China, the incidence and mortality rates related to GC were quite high. Annexin A8 (ANXA8) is a member of the annexins family of calcium-dependent membrane phospholipid binding proteins. According to recent research, the up-regulation of ANXA8 is closely associated with various types of tumors. However, the specific role of ANXA8 in GC remains unclear. In our study, we explored the prognostic value of ANXA8 in GC. Here, with the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets (GSE19826 and GSE13861) analyzed, we further performed quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) using 58 pairs of fresh-frozen tissues. We also subjected 152 pairs of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded GC tumor tissues from patients, and the adjacent normal gastric tissues (ANGTs) to immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis. Hence, we found an elevated expression of ANXA8 in tumor tissues with bioinformatics analyses, qRT-PCR, western blot and IHC. Over-expression of ANXA8 was strongly correlated with TNM stages and differentiation grades. Kaplan-Meier and cox proportional-hazard analyses showed that the increased expression of ANXA8 was strongly associated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in GC patients. Moreover, we found that ANXA8 is an independent prognostic factor of GC patients' OS and DFS. In brief, those results suggest that ANXA8 can act as an oncogene of GC development and can serve as a potential prognostic biomarker for GC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangqi Ma
- The Graduate School, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- The Graduate School, Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Haiming Fang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yueping Jin
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qin Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Schloer S, Hübel N, Masemann D, Pajonczyk D, Brunotte L, Ehrhardt C, Brandenburg LO, Ludwig S, Gerke V, Rescher U. The annexin A1/FPR2 signaling axis expands alveolar macrophages, limits viral replication, and attenuates pathogenesis in the murine influenza A virus infection model. FASEB J 2019; 33:12188-12199. [PMID: 31398292 PMCID: PMC6902725 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901265r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are key elements in the innate immune response. Formyl peptide receptor (FPR) 2 is a PRR that, in addition to proinflammatory, pathogen-derived compounds, also recognizes the anti-inflammatory endogenous ligand annexin A1 (AnxA1). Because the contribution of this signaling axis in viral infections is undefined, we investigated AnxA1-mediated FPR2 activation on influenza A virus (IAV) infection in the murine model. AnxA1-treated mice displayed significantly attenuated pathology upon a subsequent IAV infection with significantly improved survival, impaired viral replication in the respiratory tract, and less severe lung damage. The AnxA1-mediated protection against IAV infection was not caused by priming of the type I IFN response but was associated with an increase in the number of alveolar macrophages (AMs) and enhanced pulmonary expression of the AM-regulating cytokine granulocyte-M-CSF (GM-CSF). Both AnxA1-mediated increase in AM levels and GM-CSF production were abrogated when mouse (m)FPR2 signaling was antagonized but remained up-regulated in mice genetically deleted for mFPR1, an mFPR2 isoform also serving as AnxA1 receptor. Our results indicate a novel protective function of the AnxA1-FPR2 signaling axis in IAV pathology via GM-CSF–associated maintenance of AMs, expanding knowledge on the potential use of proresolving mediators in host defense against pathogens.—Schloer, S., Hübel, N., Masemann, D., Pajonczyk, D., Brunotte, L., Ehrhardt, C., Brandenburg, L.-O., Ludwig, S., Gerke, V., Rescher, U. The annexin A1/FPR2 signaling axis expands alveolar macrophages, limits viral replication, and attenuates pathogenesis in the murine influenza A virus infection model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schloer
- Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Nicole Hübel
- Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Dörthe Masemann
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, Institute of Virology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Denise Pajonczyk
- Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Linda Brunotte
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, Institute of Virology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Christina Ehrhardt
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, Institute of Virology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Section for Experimental Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Lars-Ove Brandenburg
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Anatomy, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stephan Ludwig
- Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, Institute of Virology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Volker Gerke
- Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
| | - Ursula Rescher
- Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.,Cells-in-Motion Cluster of Excellence, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany
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11
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Grewal T, Enrich C, Rentero C, Buechler C. Annexins in Adipose Tissue: Novel Players in Obesity. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143449. [PMID: 31337068 PMCID: PMC6678658 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity and the associated comorbidities are a growing health threat worldwide. Adipose tissue dysfunction, impaired adipokine activity, and inflammation are central to metabolic diseases related to obesity. In particular, the excess storage of lipids in adipose tissues disturbs cellular homeostasis. Amongst others, organelle function and cell signaling, often related to the altered composition of specialized membrane microdomains (lipid rafts), are affected. Within this context, the conserved family of annexins are well known to associate with membranes in a calcium (Ca2+)- and phospholipid-dependent manner in order to regulate membrane-related events, such as trafficking in endo- and exocytosis and membrane microdomain organization. These multiple activities of annexins are facilitated through their diverse interactions with a plethora of lipids and proteins, often in different cellular locations and with consequences for the activity of receptors, transporters, metabolic enzymes, and signaling complexes. While increasing evidence points at the function of annexins in lipid homeostasis and cell metabolism in various cells and organs, their role in adipose tissue, obesity and related metabolic diseases is still not well understood. Annexin A1 (AnxA1) is a potent pro-resolving mediator affecting the regulation of body weight and metabolic health. Relevant for glucose metabolism and fatty acid uptake in adipose tissue, several studies suggest AnxA2 to contribute to coordinate glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) translocation and to associate with the fatty acid transporter CD36. On the other hand, AnxA6 has been linked to the control of adipocyte lipolysis and adiponectin release. In addition, several other annexins are expressed in fat tissues, yet their roles in adipocytes are less well examined. The current review article summarizes studies on the expression of annexins in adipocytes and in obesity. Research efforts investigating the potential role of annexins in fat tissue relevant to health and metabolic disease are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Grewal
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Rentero
- Department of Biomedicine, Unit of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Christa Buechler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Regensburg University Hospital, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
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12
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Schloer S, Goretzko J, Kühnl A, Brunotte L, Ludwig S, Rescher U. The clinically licensed antifungal drug itraconazole inhibits influenza virus in vitro and in vivo. Emerg Microbes Infect 2019; 8:80-93. [PMID: 30866762 PMCID: PMC6455256 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2018.1559709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a common pathogen of respiratory disease. The IAV-induced seasonal epidemics and the sporadic pandemics are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, effective protection and therapy for IAV infections is an important challenge in countering this public health threat. Because vaccinations only protect against known circulating strains, and the currently available antivirals pose the risk of resistance formation, drugs targeting host cell factors needed for viral replication offer a promising therapeutic approach. In this study, we describe the use of the antifungal therapeutics posaconazole and itraconazole in the therapy of IAV. We show that both drugs efficiently inhibit the propagation of IAV in the cell culture model without being cytotoxic. The mode of action is probably based on several targets and includes both a priming of the interferon response and the induced imbalance of cellular cholesterol. The antiviral effect of itraconazole could be confirmed in the mouse model, where the administration of itraconazole led to a drastic reduction in mortality and a significant increase in the survival rate. Thus, our data indicate a promising therapeutic potential of at least itraconazole in influenza therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Schloer
- a Institute of Medical Biochemistry , Centre for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany.,b Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research , University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany.,c Cluster of Excellence "Cells in Motion" , University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany
| | - Jonas Goretzko
- a Institute of Medical Biochemistry , Centre for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany.,b Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research , University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany.,c Cluster of Excellence "Cells in Motion" , University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany
| | - Alexander Kühnl
- a Institute of Medical Biochemistry , Centre for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany.,b Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research , University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany.,c Cluster of Excellence "Cells in Motion" , University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany
| | - Linda Brunotte
- b Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research , University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany.,c Cluster of Excellence "Cells in Motion" , University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany.,d Institute of Virology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation , University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany
| | - Stephan Ludwig
- b Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research , University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany.,c Cluster of Excellence "Cells in Motion" , University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany.,d Institute of Virology, Center for Molecular Biology of Inflammation , University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany
| | - Ursula Rescher
- a Institute of Medical Biochemistry , Centre for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany.,b Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research , University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany.,c Cluster of Excellence "Cells in Motion" , University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany
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13
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Abstract
The protein-mediated formation of membrane contacts is a crucial event in many cellular processes ranging from the establishment of organelle contacts to the docking of vesicles to a target membrane. Annexins are Ca2+ regulated membrane-binding proteins implicated in providing such membrane contacts; however, the molecular basis of membrane bridging by annexins is not fully understood. We addressed this central question using annexin A2 (AnxA2) that functions in secretory vesicle exocytosis possibly by providing membrane bridges. By quantitatively analyzing membrane contact formation using a novel assay based on quartz crystal microbalance recordings, we show that monomeric AnxA2 can bridge membrane surfaces Ca2+ dependently. However, this activity depends on an oxidative crosslink involving a cysteine residue in the N-terminal domain and thus formation of disulfide-linked dimers. Alkylated AnxA2 in which this cysteine residue has been modified and AnxA2 mutants lacking the N-terminal domain are not capable of bridging membrane surfaces. In contrast, a heterotetrameric complex comprising two membrane binding AnxA2 subunits linked by a S100A10 dimer can provide membrane contacts irrespective of oxidation status. Thus, monomeric AnxA2 only contains one lipid binding site and AnxA2-mediated linking of membrane surfaces under non-oxidative intracellular conditions most likely requires AnxA2-S100 complex formation.
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14
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Late Endosomal/Lysosomal Cholesterol Accumulation Is a Host Cell-Protective Mechanism Inhibiting Endosomal Escape of Influenza A Virus. mBio 2018; 9:mBio.01345-18. [PMID: 30042202 PMCID: PMC6058292 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.01345-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To transfer the viral genome into the host cell cytoplasm, internalized influenza A virus (IAV) particles depend on the fusion of the IAV envelope with host endosomal membranes. The antiviral host interferon (IFN) response includes the upregulation of interferon-induced transmembrane protein 3 (IFITM3), which inhibits the release of the viral content into the cytosol. Although IFITM3 induction occurs concomitantly with late endosomal/lysosomal (LE/L) cholesterol accumulation, the functional significance of this process is not well understood. Here we report that LE/L cholesterol accumulation itself plays a pivotal role in the early antiviral defense. We demonstrate that inducing LE/L cholesterol accumulation is antiviral in non-IFN-primed cells, restricting incoming IAV particles and impairing mixing of IAV/endosomal membrane lipids. Our results establish a protective function of LE/L cholesterol accumulation and suggest endosomal cholesterol balance as a possible antiviral target. With annual epidemics occurring in all parts of the world and the risk of global outbreaks, influenza A virus (IAV) infections remain a major threat to public health. Infected host cells detect viral components and mount an interferon (IFN)-mediated response to restrict virus propagation and spread of infection. Identification of cellular factors and underlying mechanisms that establish such an antiviral state can provide novel strategies for the development of antiviral drugs. The contribution of LE/L cholesterol levels, especially in the context of the IFN-induced antiviral response, has remained controversial so far. Here, we report that accumulation of cholesterol in the LE/L compartment contributes to the IFN-induced host cell defense against incoming IAV. Our results establish cholesterol accumulation in LE/L per se as a novel antiviral barrier and suggest the endosomal cholesterol balance as a putative druggable host cell factor in IAV infection.
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15
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Rentero C, Blanco-Muñoz P, Meneses-Salas E, Grewal T, Enrich C. Annexins-Coordinators of Cholesterol Homeostasis in Endocytic Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1444. [PMID: 29757220 PMCID: PMC5983649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The spatiotemporal regulation of calcium (Ca2+) storage in late endosomes (LE) and lysosomes (Lys) is increasingly recognized to influence a variety of membrane trafficking events, including endocytosis, exocytosis, and autophagy. Alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis within the LE/Lys compartment are implicated in human diseases, ranging from lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) to neurodegeneration and cancer, and they correlate with changes in the membrane binding behaviour of Ca2+-binding proteins. This also includes Annexins (AnxA), which is a family of Ca2+-binding proteins participating in membrane traffic and tethering, microdomain organization, cytoskeleton interactions, Ca2+ signalling, and LE/Lys positioning. Although our knowledge regarding the way Annexins contribute to LE/Lys functions is still incomplete, recruitment of Annexins to LE/Lys is greatly influenced by the availability of Annexin bindings sites, including acidic phospholipids, such as phosphatidylserine (PS) and phosphatidic acid (PA), cholesterol, and phosphatidylinositol (4,5)-bisphosphate (PIP2). Moreover, the cytosolic portion of LE/Lys membrane proteins may also, directly or indirectly, determine the recruitment of Annexins to LE. Strikingly, within LE/Lys, AnxA1, A2, A6, and A8 differentially contribute to cholesterol transport along the endocytic route, in particular, cholesterol transfer between LE and other compartments, positioning Annexins at the centre of major pathways mediating cellular cholesterol homeostasis. Underlying mechanisms include the formation of membrane contact sites (MCS) and intraluminal vesicles (ILV), as well as the modulation of LE-cholesterol transporter activity. In this review, we will summarize the current understanding how Annexins contribute to influence LE/Lys membrane transport and associated functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carles Rentero
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona. 08036 Barcelona. Spain.
| | - Patricia Blanco-Muñoz
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona. 08036 Barcelona. Spain.
| | - Elsa Meneses-Salas
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona. 08036 Barcelona. Spain.
| | - Thomas Grewal
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Carlos Enrich
- Departament de Biomedicina, Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, Universitat de Barcelona. 08036 Barcelona. Spain.
- Centre de Recerca Biomèdica CELLEX, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
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