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Jiang Y, Cai Y, Yang N, Gao S, Li Q, Pang Y, Su P. Molecular mechanisms of spinal cord injury repair across vertebrates: A comparative review. Eur J Neurosci 2024; 60:4552-4568. [PMID: 38978308 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.16462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
In humans and other adult mammals, axon regeneration is difficult in axotomized neurons. Therefore, spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating event that can lead to permanent loss of locomotor and sensory functions. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms of axon regeneration in vertebrates are not very well understood, and currently, no effective treatment is available for SCI. In striking contrast to adult mammals, many nonmammalian vertebrates such as reptiles, amphibians, bony fishes and lampreys can spontaneously resume locomotion even after complete SCI. In recent years, rapid progress in the development of next-generation sequencing technologies has offered valuable information on SCI. In this review, we aimed to provide a comparison of axon regeneration process across classical model organisms, focusing on crucial genes and signalling pathways that play significant roles in the regeneration of individually identifiable descending neurons after SCI. Considering the special evolutionary location and powerful regenerative ability of lamprey and zebrafish, they will be the key model organisms for ongoing studies on spinal cord regeneration. Detailed study of SCI in these model organisms will help in the elucidation of molecular mechanisms of neuron regeneration across species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Jiang
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Yang Cai
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Ning Yang
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Si Gao
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Qingwei Li
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Yue Pang
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
| | - Peng Su
- College of Life Science, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Lamprey Research Center, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Seafood Deep Processing, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, China
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Ebrahimnezhad M, Valizadeh A, Majidinia M, Tabnak P, Yousefi B. Unveiling the potential of FOXO3 in lung cancer: From molecular insights to therapeutic prospects. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 176:116833. [PMID: 38843589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer poses a significant challenge regarding molecular heterogeneity, as it encompasses a wide range of molecular alterations and cancer-related pathways. Recent discoveries made it feasible to thoroughly investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying lung cancer, giving rise to the possibility of novel therapeutic strategies relying on molecularly targeted drugs. In this context, forkhead box O3 (FOXO3), a member of forkhead transcription factors, has emerged as a crucial protein commonly dysregulated in cancer cells. The regulation of the FOXO3 in reacting to external stimuli plays a key role in maintaining cellular homeostasis as a component of the molecular machinery that determines whether cells will survive or dies. Indeed, various extrinsic cues regulate FOXO3, affecting its subcellular location and transcriptional activity. These regulations are mediated by diverse signaling pathways, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and protein interactions that eventually drive post-transcriptional modification of FOXO3. Nevertheless, while it is no doubt that FOXO3 is implicated in numerous aspects of lung cancer, it is unclear whether they act as tumor suppressors, promotors, or both based on the situation. However, FOXO3 serves as an intriguing possible target in lung cancer therapeutics while widely used anti-cancer chemo drugs can regulate it. In this review, we describe a summary of recent findings on molecular mechanisms of FOXO3 to clarify that targeting its activity might hold promise in lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ebrahimnezhad
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Amir Valizadeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maryam Majidinia
- Solid Tumor Research Center, Cellular and Molecular Medicine Institute, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Peyman Tabnak
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Bahman Yousefi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Kochumon S, Al-Sayyar A, Jacob T, Arefanian H, Bahman F, Almansour N, Alzaid F, Al-Mulla F, Sindhu S, Ahmad R. IL-1β-Induced CXCL10 Expression in THP-1 Monocytic Cells Involves the JNK/c-Jun and NF-κB-Mediated Signaling. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:823. [PMID: 39065674 PMCID: PMC11279630 DOI: 10.3390/ph17070823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
CXCL10 (IP-10) plays a key role in leukocyte homing to the inflamed tissues and its increased levels are associated with the pathophysiology of various inflammatory diseases including obesity and type 2 diabetes. IL-1β is a key proinflammatory cytokine that is found upregulated in meta-inflammatory conditions and acts as a potent activator, inducing the expression of cytokines/chemokines by immune cells. However, it is unclear whether IL-1β induces the expression of CXCL10 in monocytic cells. We, therefore, determined the CXCL10 induction using IL-1β in THP1 monocytic cells and investigated the mechanisms involved. Monocytes (human monocytic THP-1 cells) were stimulated with IL-1β. CXCL10 gene expression was determined with real-time RT-PCR. CXCL10 protein was determined using ELISA. Signaling pathways were identified by using Western blotting, inhibitors, siRNA transfections, and kinase assay. Our data show that IL-1β induced the CXCL10 expression at both mRNA and protein levels in monocytic cells (p = 0.0001). Notably, only the JNK inhibitor (SP600125) significantly suppressed the IL-1β-induced CXCL10 expression, while the inhibitors of MEK1/2 (U0126), ERK1/2 (PD98059), and p38 MAPK (SB203580) had no significant effect. Furthermore, IL-1β-induced CXCL10 expression was decreased in monocytic cells deficient in JNK/c-Jun. Accordingly, inhibiting the JNK kinase activity markedly reduced the IL-1β-induced JNK/c-Jun phosphorylation in monocytic cells. NF-κB inhibition by Bay-117085 and resveratrol also suppressed the CXCL10 expression. Our findings provide preliminary evidence that IL-1β stimulation induces the expression of CXCL10 in monocytic cells which requires signaling via the JNK/c-Jun/NF-κB axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihab Kochumon
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (T.J.); (H.A.); (F.B.); (N.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Amnah Al-Sayyar
- Centre d’Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, Inserm, 13288 Marseille, France;
| | - Texy Jacob
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (T.J.); (H.A.); (F.B.); (N.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Hossein Arefanian
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (T.J.); (H.A.); (F.B.); (N.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Fatemah Bahman
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (T.J.); (H.A.); (F.B.); (N.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Nourah Almansour
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (T.J.); (H.A.); (F.B.); (N.A.); (S.S.)
| | - Fawaz Alzaid
- Bioenergetics & Neurometabolism Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait;
- Institut Necker Enfants Malades (INEM), INSERM U1151/CNRS UMRS8253, IMMEDIAB, Université deParis Cité, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Translational Research Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait;
| | - Sardar Sindhu
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (T.J.); (H.A.); (F.B.); (N.A.); (S.S.)
- Animal & Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (S.K.); (T.J.); (H.A.); (F.B.); (N.A.); (S.S.)
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Zavvarian MM, Modi AD, Sadat S, Hong J, Fehlings MG. Translational Relevance of Secondary Intracellular Signaling Cascades Following Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5708. [PMID: 38891894 PMCID: PMC11172219 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a life-threatening and life-altering condition that results in debilitating sensorimotor and autonomic impairments. Despite significant advances in the clinical management of traumatic SCI, many patients continue to suffer due to a lack of effective therapies. The initial mechanical injury to the spinal cord results in a series of secondary molecular processes and intracellular signaling cascades in immune, vascular, glial, and neuronal cell populations, which further damage the injured spinal cord. These intracellular cascades present promising translationally relevant targets for therapeutic intervention due to their high ubiquity and conservation across eukaryotic evolution. To date, many therapeutics have shown either direct or indirect involvement of these pathways in improving recovery after SCI. However, the complex, multifaceted, and heterogeneous nature of traumatic SCI requires better elucidation of the underlying secondary intracellular signaling cascades to minimize off-target effects and maximize effectiveness. Recent advances in transcriptional and molecular neuroscience provide a closer characterization of these pathways in the injured spinal cord. This narrative review article aims to survey the MAPK, PI3K-AKT-mTOR, Rho-ROCK, NF-κB, and JAK-STAT signaling cascades, in addition to providing a comprehensive overview of the involvement and therapeutic potential of these secondary intracellular pathways following traumatic SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Masoud Zavvarian
- Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.-M.Z.); (A.D.M.); (S.S.); (J.H.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Akshat D. Modi
- Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.-M.Z.); (A.D.M.); (S.S.); (J.H.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, ON M1C 1A4, Canada
- Department of Human Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3J6, Canada
| | - Sarah Sadat
- Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.-M.Z.); (A.D.M.); (S.S.); (J.H.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - James Hong
- Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.-M.Z.); (A.D.M.); (S.S.); (J.H.)
| | - Michael G. Fehlings
- Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada; (M.-M.Z.); (A.D.M.); (S.S.); (J.H.)
- Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 1P5, Canada
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Zhang J, Liu K, Tang X, Wang XJ. Dysfunction of Nrf2-regulated cellular defence system and JNK activation induced by high dose of fly Ash particles are associated with pulmonary injury in mouse lungs. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 275:116239. [PMID: 38518612 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
The mechanisms of the exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) as a risk factor for pulmonary injury are not fully understood. The transcription factor, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), plays a key role in protection lung against PM insult and cancer chemoprevention. In this study, F3-S fly ash particles from a municipal waste incinerator were evaluated as a PM model. We found that F3-S triggered hierarchical oxidative stress responses involving the prolonged activation of the cytoprotective Nrf2 transcriptional program via Keap1 Cys151 modification, and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation at higher doses. In mouse lungs exposed to fly ash particles at a low dose (10-20 mg/kg), Nrf2 signalling was upregulated, while in those exposed to a high fly ash particle dose (40 mg/kg), there was significant activation of JNK, and this correlated with Nrf2 phosphorylation and the downregulation of antioxidant response element (ARE)-driven genes. The JNK inhibitor, SP600125, reversed Nrf2 phosphorylation, and downregulation of detoxifying enzymes. Silencing JNK expression in mouse lungs using adenoviral shRNA inhibited JNK activation and Nrf2 phosphorylation, promoted ARE-driven gene expression, and reduced pulmonary injury. Furthermore, we found that the 452-515 amino acid region within the Neh1 domain of Nrf2 was required for its interaction with P-JNK. We demonstrated that Nrf2 was an important P-JNK target in fly ash-induced pulmonary toxicity. JNK phosphorylated Nrf2, leading to a dysfunction of the Nrf2-mediated defence system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Zhang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention of the Ministry of Education), and Department of Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Kaihua Liu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention of the Ministry of Education), and Department of Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, PR China
| | - Xiuwen Tang
- Department of Biochemistry, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, PR China.
| | - Xiu Jun Wang
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention of the Ministry of Education), and Department of Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, PR China.
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Šimičić P, Batović M, Stojanović Marković A, Židovec-Lepej S. Deciphering the Role of Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Membrane Protein 1 in Immune Modulation: A Multifaced Signalling Perspective. Viruses 2024; 16:564. [PMID: 38675906 PMCID: PMC11054855 DOI: 10.3390/v16040564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The disruption of antiviral sensors and the evasion of immune defences by various tactics are hallmarks of EBV infection. One of the EBV latent gene products, LMP1, was shown to induce the activation of signalling pathways, such as NF-κB, MAPK (JNK, ERK1/2, p38), JAK/STAT and PI3K/Akt, via three subdomains of its C-terminal domain, regulating the expression of several cytokines responsible for modulation of the immune response and therefore promoting viral persistence. The aim of this review is to summarise the current knowledge on the EBV-mediated induction of immunomodulatory molecules by the activation of signal transduction pathways with a particular focus on LMP1-mediated mechanisms. A more detailed understanding of the cytokine biology molecular landscape in EBV infections could contribute to the more complete understanding of diseases associated with this virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Šimičić
- Department of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Vinogradska cesta 29, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Margarita Batović
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Hospital Infections, Dubrava University Hospital, Avenija Gojka Šuška 6, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Anita Stojanović Marković
- Department of Immunological and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases “Dr. Fran Mihaljević”, Mirogojska 8, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Snjezana Židovec-Lepej
- Department of Immunological and Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases “Dr. Fran Mihaljević”, Mirogojska 8, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Ali Hussein M, Kamalakkannan A, Valinezhad K, Kannan J, Paleati N, Saad R, Kajdacsy-Balla A, Munirathinam G. The dynamic face of cadmium-induced Carcinogenesis: Mechanisms, emerging trends, and future directions. Curr Res Toxicol 2024; 6:100166. [PMID: 38706786 PMCID: PMC11068539 DOI: 10.1016/j.crtox.2024.100166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a malleable element with odorless, tasteless characteristics that occurs naturally in the earth's crust, underground water, and soil. The most common reasons for the anthropological release of Cd to the environment include industrial metal mining, smelting, battery manufacturing, fertilizer production, and cigarette smoking. Cadmium-containing products may enter the environment as soluble salts, vapor, or particle forms that accumulate in food, soil, water, and air. Several epidemiological studies have highlighted the association between Cd exposure and adverse health outcomes, especially renal toxicity, and the impact of Cd exposure on the development and progression of carcinogenesis. Also highlighted is the evidence for early-life and even maternal exposure to Cd leading to devastating health outcomes, especially the risk of cancer development in adulthood. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain how Cd mediates carcinogenic transformation, including epigenetic alteration, DNA methylation, histone posttranslational modification, dysregulated non-coding RNA, DNA damage in the form of DNA mutation, strand breaks, and chromosomal abnormalities with double-strand break representing the most common DNA form of damage. Cd induces an indirect genotoxic effect by reducing p53's DNA binding activity, eventually impairing DNA repair, inducing downregulation in the expression of DNA repair genes, which might result in carcinogenic transformation, enhancing lipid peroxidation or evasion of antioxidant interference such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione. Moreover, Cd mediates apoptosis evasion, autophagy activation, and survival mechanisms. In this review, we decipher the role of Cd mediating carcinogenic transformation in different models and highlight the interaction between various mechanisms. We also discuss diagnostic markers, therapeutic interventions, and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ali Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services, Children’s Cancer Hospital Egypt, 57357 Cairo, Egypt
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology (IGHHE), School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Abishek Kamalakkannan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Kamyab Valinezhad
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Jhishnuraj Kannan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
| | - Nikhila Paleati
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, College of Undergraduate Studies, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA
| | - Rama Saad
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - André Kajdacsy-Balla
- Department of Pathology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Gnanasekar Munirathinam
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Rockford, IL 61107, USA
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Ren H, Wang Z, Zhang L, Zhu G, Li F, Chen B. Clinical significance of low expression of CADM3 in breast cancer and preliminary exploration of related mechanisms. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:367. [PMID: 38515057 PMCID: PMC10958964 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell adhesion molecule 3 (CADM3), a transmembrane glycoprotein on cell membranes, plays a role in the way of ligand and receptor interaction. However, there are few studies on CADM3 in tumors, and how it works in breast cancer (BC) remains unclear. METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and clinical samples were used to analyze CADM3 expression and its correlation with clinicopathological factors and prognosis. Its correlation with immune infiltration was analyzed by TCGA. The effects of CADM3 on proliferation and migration were investigated by cell clonal formation, CCK-8, cell scratch and transwell assay. Protein interaction network was prepared and the function prediction of related genes was conducted. The correlation between CADM3 and MAPK pathway was further explored by western blot experiment. RESULTS The expression of CADM3 in BC tissues were significantly lower than that in adjacent normal tissues. High level of CADM3 was related to better prognosis of BC patients. CADM3 was an independent prognostic factor for BC. Expression of CADM3 was significantly associated with the status of ER and PR, age and PAM50 subtypes. CADM3 positively related to many immune infiltrating cells. Overexpression of CADM3 can notably reduce cell proliferation and migration. CADM3 was related to MAPK pathway and the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and JNK1 was inhibited in BC cells with high CADM3. CONCLUSIONS Our research reveals the clinical significance of CADM3 in BC and indicates the critical roles of CADM3 in immune infiltration and MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyang Ren
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110001, China.
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110001, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110001, China.
| | - Guolian Zhu
- Department of Breast Surgery, the Fifth People's Hospital of Shenyang, 188 Xingshun Street, Tiexi District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110023, China.
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology of National Health Commission of the PRC, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education of the PRC, China Medical University, No.77, Puhe Road, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, China.
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Breast Surgery, the First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Heping District, Shenyang City, Liaoning, 110001, China.
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Huang YT, Hesting LL, Calvi BR. An unscheduled switch to endocycles induces a reversible senescent arrest that impairs growth of the Drosophila wing disc. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.14.585098. [PMID: 38559130 PMCID: PMC10980049 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.14.585098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
A programmed developmental switch to G / S endocycles results in tissue growth through an increase in cell size. Unscheduled, induced endocycling cells (iECs) promote wound healing but also contribute to cancer. Much remains unknown, however, about how these iECs affect tissue growth. Using the D. melanogasterwing disc as model, we find that populations of iECs initially increase in size but then subsequently undergo a heterogenous arrest that causes severe tissue undergrowth. iECs acquired DNA damage and activated a Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway, but, unlike other stressed cells, were apoptosis-resistant and not eliminated from the epithelium. Instead, iECs entered a JNK-dependent and reversible senescent-like arrest. Senescent iECs promoted division of diploid neighbors, but this compensatory proliferation did not rescue tissue growth. Our study has uncovered unique attributes of iECs and their effects on tissue growth that have important implications for understanding their roles in wound healing and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Huang
- Department of Biology, Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405
| | - Lauren L. Hesting
- Department of Biology, Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405
| | - Brian R. Calvi
- Department of Biology, Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405
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10
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Mendez J, Toker A. Minimizing Shear Stress in Cell Signaling Studies. Curr Protoc 2024; 4:e1019. [PMID: 38506433 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.1019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Cellular signal transduction comprises a complex series of biochemical reactions by which extracellular signals such as growth factors, hormones, cytokines, and neurotransmitters are translated into specific intracellular responses. Signal transduction is mediated by protein kinase phosphorylation cascades that culminate in the regulation of numerous cellular responses, including division, differentiation, migration, and survival. Importantly, signal relay pathways are dysregulated in human diseases, making the study of signal transduction important for both uncovering basic biology and understanding pathophysiology. Established laboratory cell culture models are useful for studying signal transduction mechanisms, but differences in sample handling procedures can introduce unwanted variability in experimental outcomes and conclusions. One such potential source of experimental variability is the introduction of fluid shear stress upon handling of tissue culture cells. Fluid shear stress triggers a wide range of cellular responses in adherent cell culture, including stimulating the production of cyclic AMP, potentiating the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2), and ultimately inducing changes in the gene expression of growth and remodeling factors. Further, mechanical stress on cells is physiologically relevant to the development of many pathologies. Here, we describe a detailed protocol for cell lysis and protein extraction that minimizes shear stress induced by classical cell harvest protocols. We also highlight the impact of fluid shear stress by using immunoblotting to assess ERK pathway activation as a readout for this protocol. © 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Gentle cell lysis and protein extraction Basic Protocol 2: Immunoblotting for cell signaling readouts by SDS-PAGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefina Mendez
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Alex Toker
- Department of Pathology and Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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11
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Tan TCJ, Spanos C, Tollervey D. Improved detection and consistency of RNA-interacting proteomes using DIA SILAC. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:e21. [PMID: 38197237 PMCID: PMC10899761 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The RNA-interacting proteome is commonly characterized by UV-crosslinking followed by RNA purification, with protein recovery quantified using SILAC labeling followed by data-dependent acquisition (DDA) of proteomic data. However, the low efficiency of UV-crosslinking, combined with limited sensitivity of the DDA approach often restricts detection to relatively abundant proteins, necessitating multiple mass spec injections of fractionated peptides for each biological sample. Here we report an application of data-independent acquisition (DIA) with SILAC in a total RNA-associated protein purification (TRAPP) UV-crosslinking experiment. This gave 15% greater protein detection and lower inter-replicate variation relative to the same biological materials analyzed using DDA, while allowing single-shot analysis of the sample. As proof of concept, we determined the effects of arsenite treatment on the RNA-bound proteome of HEK293T cells. The DIA dataset yielded similar GO term enrichment for RNA-binding proteins involved in cellular stress responses to the DDA dataset while detecting extra proteins unseen by DDA. Overall, the DIA SILAC approach improved detection of proteins over conventional DDA SILAC for generating RNA-interactome datasets, at a lower cost due to reduced machine time. Analyses are described for TRAPP data, but the approach is suitable for proteomic analyses following essentially any RNA-binding protein enrichment technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C J Tan
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology and Institute of Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh. Edinburgh EH9 3BF, Scotland, UK
| | - Christos Spanos
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology and Institute of Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh. Edinburgh EH9 3BF, Scotland, UK
| | - David Tollervey
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology and Institute of Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh. Edinburgh EH9 3BF, Scotland, UK
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12
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Yan H, He L, Lv D, Yang J, Yuan Z. The Role of the Dysregulated JNK Signaling Pathway in the Pathogenesis of Human Diseases and Its Potential Therapeutic Strategies: A Comprehensive Review. Biomolecules 2024; 14:243. [PMID: 38397480 PMCID: PMC10887252 DOI: 10.3390/biom14020243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
JNK is named after c-Jun N-terminal kinase, as it is responsible for phosphorylating c-Jun. As a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, JNK is also known as stress-activated kinase (SAPK) because it can be activated by extracellular stresses including growth factor, UV irradiation, and virus infection. Functionally, JNK regulates various cell behaviors such as cell differentiation, proliferation, survival, and metabolic reprogramming. Dysregulated JNK signaling contributes to several types of human diseases. Although the role of the JNK pathway in a single disease has been summarized in several previous publications, a comprehensive review of its role in multiple kinds of human diseases is missing. In this review, we begin by introducing the landmark discoveries, structures, tissue expression, and activation mechanisms of the JNK pathway. Next, we come to the focus of this work: a comprehensive summary of the role of the deregulated JNK pathway in multiple kinds of diseases. Beyond that, we also discuss the current strategies for targeting the JNK pathway for therapeutic intervention and summarize the application of JNK inhibitors as well as several challenges now faced. We expect that this review can provide a more comprehensive insight into the critical role of the JNK pathway in the pathogenesis of human diseases and hope that it also provides important clues for ameliorating disease conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaying Yan
- Department of Ultrasound, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; (H.Y.); (L.H.)
| | - Lanfang He
- Department of Ultrasound, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China; (H.Y.); (L.H.)
| | - De Lv
- Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610075, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Zhu Yuan
- Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;
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Kookli K, Soleimani KT, Amr EF, Ehymayed HM, Zabibah RS, Daminova SB, Saadh MJ, Alsaikhan F, Adil M, Ali MS, Mohtashami S, Akhavan-Sigari R. Role of microRNA-146a in cancer development by regulating apoptosis. Pathol Res Pract 2024; 254:155050. [PMID: 38199132 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.155050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Despite great advances in diagnostic and treatment options for cancer, like chemotherapy surgery, and radiation therapy it continues to remain a major global health concern. Further research is necessary to find new biomarkers and possible treatment methods for cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), tiny non-coding RNAs found naturally in the body, can influence the activity of several target genes. These genes are often disturbed in diseases like cancer, which perturbs functions like differentiation, cell division, cell cycle, apoptosis and proliferation. MiR-146a is a commonly and widely used miRNA that is often overexpressed in malignant tumors. The expression of miR-146a has been correlated with many pathological and physiological changes in cancer cells, such as the regulation of various cell death paths. It's been established that the control of cell death pathways has a huge influence on cancer progression. To improve our understanding of the interrelationship between miRNAs and cancer cell apoptosis, it's necessary to explore the impact of miRNAs through the alteration in their expression levels. Research has demonstrated that the appearance and spread of cancer can be mitigated by moderating the expression of certain miRNA - a commencement of treatment that presents a hopeful approach in managing cancer. Consequently, it is essential to explore the implications of miR-146a with respect to inducing different forms of tumor cell death, and evaluate its potential to serve as a target for improved chemotherapy outcomes. Through this review, we provide an outline of miR-146a's biogenesis and function, as well as its significant involvement in apoptosis. As well, we investigate the effects of exosomal miR-146a on the promotion of apoptosis in cancer cells and look into how it could possibly help combat chemotherapeutic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keihan Kookli
- International Campus, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Eman Fathy Amr
- College of Nursing, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, Iraq
| | | | - Rahman S Zabibah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Shakhnoza B Daminova
- Department of Prevention of Dental Diseases, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Department of Scientific affairs, Tashkent Medical Pediatric Institute, Bogishamol Street 223, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
| | - Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia; School of Pharmacy, Ibn Sina National College for Medical Studies, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | - Saghar Mohtashami
- University of California Los Angeles, School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University Warsaw, Poland
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14
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Jin R, Hu W, Zhou M, Lin F, Xu A. Caffeic acid derivative WSY6 protects melanocytes from oxidative stress by reducing ROS production and MAPK activation. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24843. [PMID: 38304822 PMCID: PMC10831733 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Vitiligo is a chronic depigmentation disease caused by a loss of functioning melanocytes and melanin from the epidermis. Oxidative stress-induced damage to melanocytes is key in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. WSY6 is a caffeic acid derivative synthesized from epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). This study is to investigate whether the new chemical WSY6 protected melanocytes from H2O2-induced cell damage and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanism. Patients and methods The present study compared the antioxidative potential of WSY6 with EGCG in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-treated PIG1 cells. Western blotting was used to study the protein expression of cyto-c, cleaved-caspase3, cleaved-caspase9, and the activation of MAPK family members, including p38, ERK1/2, JNK and their phosphorylation in melanocytes. ROS assay kit to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species production; CCK8 and lactate dehydrogenase leak assay to detect cytotoxicity. Results EGCG and WSY6 ameliorated H2O2-induced oxidative stress damage in PIG1 cells in a does-dependent manner, while WSY6 was much more effective. WSY6 reduced cellular ROS production, cytochrome c release, downregulated caspase-3 and caspase-9 activation. MAPK pathway signaling including phosphorylated p38, ERK and JNK were observed under oxidative stress and can be much protected by pre-treatment of WSY6. Conclusion These results indicated that WSY6 could be a more powerful antioxidant than EGCG and protect melanocytes against oxidative cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Miaoni Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310009, PR China
| | - Fuquan Lin
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310009, PR China
| | - Aie Xu
- Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou Third People's Hospital, Hangzhou, 310009, PR China
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15
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Balakireva Y, Nikitina M, Makhnovskii P, Kukushkina I, Kuzmin I, Kim A, Nefedova L. The Lifespan of D. melanogaster Depends on the Function of the Gagr Gene, a Domesticated gag Gene of Drosophila LTR Retrotransposons. INSECTS 2024; 15:68. [PMID: 38249074 PMCID: PMC10816282 DOI: 10.3390/insects15010068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
(1) Background: The Gagr gene in Drosophila melanogaster's genome originated from the molecular domestication of retrotransposons and retroviruses' gag gene. In all Drosophila species, the Gagr protein homologs exhibit a conserved structure, indicative of a vital role. Previous studies have suggested a potential link between the Gagr gene function and stress responses. (2) Methods: We compared flies with Gagr gene knockdown in all tissues to control flies in physiological tests and RNA-sequencing experiments. (3) Results: Flies with the Gagr gene knockdown exhibited shorter lifespans compared to control flies. Transcriptome analysis revealed that Gagr knockdown flies showed elevated transcription levels of immune response genes. We used ammonium persulfate, a potent stress inducer, to elicit a stress response. In control flies, ammonium persulfate activated the Toll, JAK/STAT, and JNK/MAPK signaling pathways. In contrast, flies with the Gagr gene knockdown displayed reduced expression of stress response genes. Gene ontology enrichment analysis identified categories of genes upregulated under ammonium persulfate stress in control flies but not in Gagr knockdown flies. These genes are involved in developmental control, morphogenesis, and central nervous system function. (4) Conclusion: Our findings indicate the significance of the Gagr gene in maintaining immune response and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevgenia Balakireva
- Department of Genetics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Y.B.); (M.N.); (I.K.); (I.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Maria Nikitina
- Department of Genetics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Y.B.); (M.N.); (I.K.); (I.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Pavel Makhnovskii
- Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, 123007 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Inna Kukushkina
- Department of Genetics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Y.B.); (M.N.); (I.K.); (I.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Ilya Kuzmin
- Department of Genetics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Y.B.); (M.N.); (I.K.); (I.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Alexander Kim
- Department of Genetics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Y.B.); (M.N.); (I.K.); (I.K.); (A.K.)
- Faculty of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Longgang District, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Lidia Nefedova
- Department of Genetics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (Y.B.); (M.N.); (I.K.); (I.K.); (A.K.)
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16
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Giraldo-Berrio D, Jimenez-Del-Rio M, Velez-Pardo C. Sildenafil Reverses the Neuropathological Alzheimer's Disease Phenotype in Cholinergic-Like Neurons Carrying the Presenilin 1 E280A Mutation. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 99:639-656. [PMID: 38728184 DOI: 10.3233/jad-231169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Background Familial Alzheimer's disease (FAD) presenilin 1 E280A (PSEN 1 E280A) is characterized by functional impairment and the death of cholinergic neurons as a consequence of amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation and abnormal phosphorylation of the tau protein. Currently, there are no available therapies that can cure FAD. Therefore, new therapies are urgently needed for treating this disease. Objective To assess the effect of sildenafil (SIL) on cholinergic-like neurons (ChLNs) harboring the PSEN 1 E280A mutation. Methods Wild-type (WT) and PSEN 1 E280A ChLNs were cultured in the presence of SIL (25μM) for 24 h. Afterward, proteinopathy, cell signaling, and apoptosis markers were evaluated via flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Results We found that SIL was innocuous toward WT PSEN 1 ChLNs but reduced the accumulation of intracellular Aβ fragments by 87%, decreased the non-physiological phosphorylation of the protein tau at residue Ser202/Thr205 by 35%, reduced the phosphorylation of the proapoptotic transcription factor c-JUN at residue Ser63/Ser73 by 63%, decreased oxidized DJ-1 at Cys106-SO3 by 32%, and downregulated transcription factor TP53 (tumor protein p53), BH-3-only protein PUMA (p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis), and cleaved caspase 3 (CC3) expression by 20%, 32%, and 22%, respectively, compared with untreated mutant ChLNs. Interestingly, SIL also ameliorated the dysregulation of acetylcholine-induced calcium ion (Ca2+) influx in PSEN 1 E280A ChLNs. Conclusions Although SIL showed no antioxidant capacity in the oxygen radical absorbance capacity and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power assays, it might function as an anti-amyloid and antiapoptotic agent and functional neuronal enhancer in PSEN 1 E280A ChLNs. Therefore, the SIL has therapeutic potential for treating FAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Giraldo-Berrio
- Neuroscience Research Group, Institute of Medical Investigations, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Marlene Jimenez-Del-Rio
- Neuroscience Research Group, Institute of Medical Investigations, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carlos Velez-Pardo
- Neuroscience Research Group, Institute of Medical Investigations, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antioquia (UdeA), Medellín, Colombia
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17
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Pirković A, Jovanović Krivokuća M, Vilotić A, Nacka-Aleksić M, Bojić-Trbojević Ž, Dekanski D. Oleuropein Stimulates Migration of Human Trophoblast Cells and Expression of Invasion-Associated Markers. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:500. [PMID: 38203672 PMCID: PMC10779171 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Successful pregnancy establishment requires highly synchronized cross talk between the invasive trophoblast cells and the receptive maternal endometrium. Any disturbances in this tightly regulated process may lead to pregnancy complications. Local factors such as nutrients, hormones, cytokines and reactive oxygen species modulate the invasion of extravillous trophoblasts through critical signaling cascades. Epidemiological studies strongly indicate that a Mediterranean diet can significantly impact molecular pathways during placentation. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to examine whether oleuropein (OLE), one of the main compounds of the Mediterranean diet, may influence trophoblast cell adhesion and migration, as well as the expression of invasion-associated molecular markers and inflammatory pathways fostering these processes. HTR-8/SVneo cells were incubated with OLE at selected concentrations of 10 and 100 µM for 24 h. Results showed that OLE did not affect trophoblast cell viability, proliferation and adhesion after 24 h in in vitro treatment. The mRNA expression of integrin subunits α1, α5 and β1, as well as matrix-degrading enzymes MMP-2 and -9, was significantly increased after treatment with 10 µM OLE. Furthermore, OLE at a concentration of 10 µM significantly increased the protein expression of integrin subunits α1 and β1. Also, OLE inhibited the activation of JNK and reduced the protein expression of COX-2. Finally, a lower concentration of OLE 10 µM significantly stimulated migration of HTR-8/SVneo cells. In conclusion, the obtained results demonstrate the effects of OLE on the function of trophoblast cells by promoting cell migration and stimulating the expression of invasion markers. As suggested from results, these effects may be mediated via inhibition of the JNK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Dragana Dekanski
- Institute for the Application of Nuclear Energy, Department for Biology of Reproduction, University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia; (A.P.); (M.J.K.); (A.V.); (M.N.-A.); (Ž.B.-T.)
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18
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Suganuma T, Workman JL. Chromatin balances cell redox and energy homeostasis. Epigenetics Chromatin 2023; 16:46. [PMID: 38017471 PMCID: PMC10683155 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-023-00520-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromatin plays a central role in the conversion of energy in cells: alteration of chromatin structure to make DNA accessible consumes energy, and compaction of chromatin preserves energy. Alteration of chromatin structure uses energy sources derived from carbon metabolism such as ATP and acetyl-CoA; conversely, chromatin compaction and epigenetic modification feedback to metabolism and energy homeostasis by controlling gene expression and storing metabolites. Coordination of these dual chromatin events must be flexibly modulated in response to environmental changes such as during development and exposure to stress. Aging also alters chromatin structure and the coordination of metabolism, chromatin dynamics, and other cell processes. Noncoding RNAs and other RNA species that associate directly with chromatin or with chromatin modifiers contribute to spatiotemporal control of transcription and energy conversion. The time required for generating the large amounts of RNAs and chromatin modifiers observed in super-enhancers may be critical for regulation of transcription and may be impacted by aging. Here, taking into account these factors, we review alterations of chromatin that are fundamental to cell responses to metabolic changes due to stress and aging to maintain redox and energy homeostasis. We discuss the relationship between spatiotemporal control of energy and chromatin function, as this emerging concept must be considered to understand how cell homeostasis is maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamaki Suganuma
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 E. 50th Street, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA.
| | - Jerry L Workman
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 E. 50th Street, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA
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19
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Yu X, Li Y, Tian X, Zang X, Yang S, Qiao H, Zhu C, Moussian B, Wang Y. Pb exposure causes non-linear accumulation of Pb in D. melanogaster controlled by metallothionein B and exerts ecological effects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 900:165680. [PMID: 37499811 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.165680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Pb pollution can harm human health and the ecosystem. Therefore, it is worthwhile to study the metabolic processes of heavy metals in individual bodies and their influence on ecological systems. In this work, we analyzed the genetic responses and physiological changes of D. melanogaster which took diets exposed to different doses of Pb using transcriptomic analysis, ICP-MS, and various other physiological methods. We found that the Pb accumulated in D. melanogaster in a nonlinear pattern with the increase of Pb content in food. Metallothioneins (Mtns), especially the MtnB directly affects the accumulation and excretion of metal Pb in D. melanogaster, and causes the nonlinear accumulation. Metal regulatory transcription factor-1 (MTF-1) is involved in the regulation of Pb-induced high expressions of Mtns. Furthermore, an interaction between the metal metabolism pathway and xenobiotic response pathway leads to the cross-tolerances of Pb-exposed D. melanogaster to insecticides and other toxins. The oxidative stress induced by Pb toxicity may be the bridge between them. Our findings provide a physiological and molecular genetic basis for further study of the accumulation and metabolism of Pb in D. melanogaster.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohan Tian
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Xiya Zang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Shuyu Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Huanhuan Qiao
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Chunfeng Zhu
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China
| | - Bernard Moussian
- Animal Genetics, Interfaculty Institute of Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Yiwen Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 300072 Tianjin, China.
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20
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Suresh BM, Tong Y, Abegg D, Adibekian A, Childs-Disney JL, Disney MD. Altering the Cleaving Effector in Chimeric Molecules that Target RNA Enhances Cellular Selectivity. ACS Chem Biol 2023; 18:2385-2393. [PMID: 37824291 PMCID: PMC10825929 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Small molecules that target RNA and effect their cleavage are useful chemical probes and potential lead medicines. In this study, we investigate factors affecting degradation of two cancer-associated RNA targets, the mRNA that encodes the transcription factor JUN (c-Jun) and the hairpin precursor to microRNA-372 (pre-miR-372). The two RNA targets harbor the same small-molecule binding site juxtaposed with different neighboring structures. Specifically, pre-miR-372 has AU pairs and contiguous purines on one strand near the small-molecule binding site, making it an ideal substrate for oxidative cleavage via the direct degrader bleomycin A5. In contrast, while JUN mRNA has a similar number of AU pairs near the small-molecule binding site, it lacks contiguous purine nucleotides. Instead, it contains unpaired pyrimidine nucleotides, which are preferred substrates for RNase L, a ribonuclease that can be recruited to RNA with heterobifunctional ribonuclease targeting chimeras (RiboTACs). We hypothesized that structural features surrounding the binding site could be leveraged to program selective small-molecule degradation by alteration of the cleaving module. Indeed, the bleomycin degrader cleaves pre-miR-372 in gastric cancer cells but not JUN mRNA. Conversely, the RiboTAC cleaves JUN mRNA but not pre-miR-372. Thus, the selection of the appropriate cleaving effector moiety for an RNA-binding small molecule can be leveraged to cleave an RNA selectively in a predictable manner, which could have broad implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessy M. Suresh
- Department of Chemistry, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology and The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Yuquan Tong
- Department of Chemistry, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology and The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Daniel Abegg
- Department of Chemistry, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology and The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Alexander Adibekian
- Department of Chemistry, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology and The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Jessica L. Childs-Disney
- Department of Chemistry, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology and The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
| | - Matthew D. Disney
- Department of Chemistry, The Herbert Wertheim UF Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology and The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, Florida 33458, United States
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21
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Papadogkonaki S, Spyridakos D, Lapokonstantaki E, Chaniotakis N, Makriyannis A, Malamas MS, Thermos K. Investigating the Effects of Exogenous and Endogenous 2-Arachidonoylglycerol on Retinal CB1 Cannabinoid Receptors and Reactive Microglia in Naive and Diseased Retina. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15689. [PMID: 37958673 PMCID: PMC10650178 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a new target for the development of retinal disease therapeutics, whose pathophysiology involves neurodegeneration and neuroinflammation. The endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) affects neurons and microglia by activating CB1/CB2 cannabinoid receptors (Rs). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of 2-AG on the CB1R expression/downregulation and retinal neurons/reactive microglia, when administered repeatedly (4 d), in three different paradigms. These involved the 2-AG exogenous administration (a) intraperitoneally (i.p.) and (b) topically and (c) by enhancing the 2-AG endogenous levels via the inhibition (AM11920, i.p.) of its metabolic enzymes (MAGL/ABHD6). Sprague Dawley rats were treated as mentioned above in the presence or absence of CB1/CB2R antagonists and the excitatory amino acid, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA). Immunohistochemistry, Western blot and a 2-AG level analyses were performed. The 2-AG repeated treatment (i.p.) induced the CB1R downregulation, abolishing its neuroprotective actions. However, 2-AG attenuated the AMPA-induced activation of microglia via the CB2R, as concurred by the AM630 antagonist effect. Topically administered 2-AG was efficacious as a neuroprotectant/antiapoptotic and anti-inflammatory agent. AM11920 increased the 2-AG levels providing neuroprotection against excitotoxicity and reduced microglial activation without affecting the CB1R expression. Our findings show that 2-AG, in the three paradigms studied, displays differential pharmacological profiles in terms of the downregulation of the CB1R and neuroprotection. All treatments, however, attenuated the activation of microglia via the CB2R activation, supporting the anti-inflammatory role of 2-AG in the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Papadogkonaki
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003 Crete, Greece; (S.P.); (D.S.)
| | - Dimitris Spyridakos
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003 Crete, Greece; (S.P.); (D.S.)
| | | | - Nikos Chaniotakis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003 Crete, Greece; (E.L.); (N.C.)
| | - Alexandros Makriyannis
- Center for Drug Discovery and Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.M.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Michael S. Malamas
- Center for Drug Discovery and Departments of Chemistry and Chemical Biology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.M.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Kyriaki Thermos
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, 71003 Crete, Greece; (S.P.); (D.S.)
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22
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Cirillo F, Talia M, Santolla MF, Pellegrino M, Scordamaglia D, Spinelli A, De Rosis S, Giordano F, Muglia L, Zicarelli A, Di Dio M, Rigiracciolo DC, Miglietta AM, Filippelli G, De Francesco EM, Belfiore A, Lappano R, Maggiolini M. GPER deletion triggers inhibitory effects in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells through the JNK/c-Jun/p53/Noxa transduction pathway. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:353. [PMID: 37749101 PMCID: PMC10520078 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01654-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) mediates estrogen action in different pathophysiological conditions, including cancer. GPER expression and signaling have been found to join in the progression of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), even though controversial data have been reported. In present study, we aimed at providing new mechanistic and biological discoveries knocking out (KO) GPER expression by CRISPR/Cas9 technology in MDA-MB-231 TNBC cells. GPER KO whole transcriptome respect to wild type (WT) MDA-MB-231 cells was determined through total RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. We ascertained that anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic gene signatures characterize GPER KO MDA-MB-231 cells. Thereafter, we determined that these cells exhibit a reduced proliferative, clonogenic and self-renewal potential along with an increased mitochondria-dependent apoptosis phenotype. In addition, we recognized that decreased cAMP levels trigger the JNK/c-Jun/p53/Noxa axis, which in turn orchestrates the pro-apoptotic effects observed in GPER KO cells. In accordance with these data, survival analyses in TNBC patients of the Molecular Taxonomy of Breast Cancer International Consortium (METABRIC) dataset indicated that high Noxa expression correlates with improved outcomes in TNBC patients. Furthermore, we demonstrated that GPER KO in TNBC cells impairs the expression and secretion of the well-acknowledged GPER target gene named CTGF, thus resulting in the inhibition of migratory effects in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Overall, the present study provides novel mechanistic and biological insights on GPER KO in TNBC cells suggesting that GPER may be considered as a valuable target in comprehensive therapeutic approaches halting TNBC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cirillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Marianna Talia
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Maria Francesca Santolla
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Michele Pellegrino
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Domenica Scordamaglia
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Asia Spinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Salvatore De Rosis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Francesca Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Lucia Muglia
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Azzurra Zicarelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Marika Di Dio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Damiano Cosimo Rigiracciolo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Via Adamello 16, 20139, Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Miglietta
- Breast and General Surgery Unit, Regional Hospital Cosenza, 87100, Cosenza, Italy
| | | | - Ernestina Marianna De Francesco
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122, Catania, Italy
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, 95122, Catania, Italy
| | - Rosamaria Lappano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy.
| | - Marcello Maggiolini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy.
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23
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Zhang P, Wang Q, Chen J, Ci Z, Zhang W, Liu Y, Wang X, Zhou G. Chondrogenic medium in combination with a c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor mediates engineered cartilage regeneration by regulating matrix metabolism and cell proliferation. Regen Biomater 2023; 10:rbad079. [PMID: 38020237 PMCID: PMC10640392 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbad079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cartilage tissue engineering is a promising strategy for repairing cartilage defects. However, achieving satisfactory cartilage regeneration in vitro and maintaining its stability in vivo remains a challenge. The key to achieving this goal is establishing an efficient cartilage regeneration culture system to retain sufficient active cells with physiological functions, generate abundant cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) and maintain a low level of cartilage ECM degradation. The current chondrogenic medium (CM) can effectively promote cartilage ECM production; however, it has a negative effect on cell proliferation. Meanwhile, the specific c-Jun N-terminal kinase pathway inhibitor SP600125 promotes chondrocyte proliferation but inhibits ECM synthesis. Here, we aimed to construct a three-dimensional cartilage regeneration model using a polyglycolic acid/polylactic acid scaffold in combination with chondrocytes to investigate the effect of different culture modes with CM and SP600125 on in vitro cartilage regeneration and their long-term outcomes in vivo systematically. Our results demonstrate that the long-term combination of CM and SP600125 made up for each other and maximized their respective advantages to obtain optimal cartilage regeneration in vitro. Moreover, the long-term combination achieved stable cartilage regeneration after implantation in vivo with a relatively low initial cell-seeding concentration. Therefore, the long-term combination of CM and SP600125 enhanced in vitro and in vivo cartilage regeneration stability with fewer initial seeding cells and thus optimized the cartilage regeneration culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiling Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200023, China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Qianyi Wang
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Department of Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Wei Fang Medical College, Wei Fang, Shandong, 261041, China
| | - Jie Chen
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200023, China
| | - Zheng Ci
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200023, China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Department of Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Wei Fang Medical College, Wei Fang, Shandong, 261041, China
| | - Yu Liu
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Department of Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Wei Fang Medical College, Wei Fang, Shandong, 261041, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Tong Ren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200050, China
| | - Guangdong Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200023, China
- National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, 200241, China
- Department of Research Institute of Plastic Surgery, Wei Fang Medical College, Wei Fang, Shandong, 261041, China
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24
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Hussain MS, Afzal O, Gupta G, Altamimi ASA, Almalki WH, Alzarea SI, Kazmi I, Fuloria NK, Sekar M, Meenakshi DU, Thangavelu L, Sharma A. Long non-coding RNAs in lung cancer: Unraveling the molecular modulators of MAPK signaling. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 249:154738. [PMID: 37595448 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Lung cancer (LC) continues to pose a significant global medical burden, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of its molecular foundations to establish effective treatment strategies. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling system has been scientifically associated with LC growth; however, the intricate regulatory mechanisms governing this system remain unknown. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as crucial regulators of diverse cellular activities, including cancer growth. LncRNAs have been implicated in LC, which can function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, and their dysregulation has been linked to cancer cell death, metastasis, spread, and proliferation. Due to their involvement in critical pathophysiological processes, lncRNAs are gaining attention as potential candidates for anti-cancer treatments. This article aims to elucidate the regulatory role of lncRNAs in MAPK signaling in LC. We provide a comprehensive review of the key components of the MAPK pathway and their relevance in LC, focusing on aberrant signaling processes associated with disease progression. By examining recent research and experimental findings, this article examines the molecular mechanisms through which lncRNAs influence MAPK signaling in lung cancer, ultimately contributing to tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, 302017 Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Obaid Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Mahal Road, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India; School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | | | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mahendran Sekar
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Subang Jaya 47500, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Center for Global Health Research , Saveetha Medical College , Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India
| | - Ajay Sharma
- Delhi Pharmaceutical Science and Research University, Pushp Vihar Sector-3, MB Road, New Delhi 110017, India.
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25
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Nadel G, Maik-Rachline G, Seger R. JNK Cascade-Induced Apoptosis-A Unique Role in GqPCR Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13527. [PMID: 37686335 PMCID: PMC10487481 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The response of cells to extracellular signals is mediated by a variety of intracellular signaling pathways that determine stimulus-dependent cell fates. One such pathway is the cJun-N-terminal Kinase (JNK) cascade, which is mainly involved in stress-related processes. The cascade transmits its signals via a sequential activation of protein kinases, organized into three to five tiers. Proper regulation is essential for securing a proper cell fate after stimulation, and the mechanisms that regulate this cascade may involve the following: (1) Activatory or inhibitory phosphorylations, which induce or abolish signal transmission. (2) Regulatory dephosphorylation by various phosphatases. (3) Scaffold proteins that bring distinct components of the cascade in close proximity to each other. (4) Dynamic change of subcellular localization of the cascade's components. (5) Degradation of some of the components. In this review, we cover these regulatory mechanisms and emphasize the mechanism by which the JNK cascade transmits apoptotic signals. We also describe the newly discovered PP2A switch, which is an important mechanism for JNK activation that induces apoptosis downstream of the Gq protein coupled receptors. Since the JNK cascade is involved in many cellular processes that determine cell fate, addressing its regulatory mechanisms might reveal new ways to treat JNK-dependent pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rony Seger
- Department of Immunology and Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel; (G.N.); (G.M.-R.)
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26
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Wang X, Wang T, Lam E, Alvarez D, Sun Y. Ocular Vascular Diseases: From Retinal Immune Privilege to Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12090. [PMID: 37569464 PMCID: PMC10418793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The eye is an immune privileged tissue that insulates the visual system from local and systemic immune provocation to preserve homeostatic functions of highly specialized retinal neural cells. If immune privilege is breached, immune stimuli will invade the eye and subsequently trigger acute inflammatory responses. Local resident microglia become active and release numerous immunological factors to protect the integrity of retinal neural cells. Although acute inflammatory responses are necessary to control and eradicate insults to the eye, chronic inflammation can cause retinal tissue damage and cell dysfunction, leading to ocular disease and vision loss. In this review, we summarized features of immune privilege in the retina and the key inflammatory responses, factors, and intracellular pathways activated when retinal immune privilege fails, as well as a highlight of the recent clinical and research advances in ocular immunity and ocular vascular diseases including retinopathy of prematurity, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (X.W.)
| | - Tianxi Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (X.W.)
| | - Enton Lam
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (X.W.)
| | - David Alvarez
- Department of Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ye Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (X.W.)
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27
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Schepetkin IA, Karpenko OS, Kovrizhina AR, Kirpotina LN, Khlebnikov AI, Chekal SI, Radudik AV, Shybinska MO, Quinn MT. Novel Tryptanthrin Derivatives with Selectivity as c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase (JNK) 3 Inhibitors. Molecules 2023; 28:4806. [PMID: 37375361 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) family includes three proteins (JNK1-3) that regulate many physiological processes, including cell proliferation and differentiation, cell survival, and inflammation. Because of emerging data suggesting that JNK3 may play an important role in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease, as well as cancer pathogenesis, we sought to identify JNK inhibitors with increased selectivity for JNK3. A panel of 26 novel tryptanthrin-6-oxime analogs was synthesized and evaluated for JNK1-3 binding (Kd) and inhibition of cellular inflammatory responses. Compounds 4d (8-methoxyindolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6,12-dione oxime) and 4e (8-phenylindolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6,12-dione oxime) had high selectivity for JNK3 versus JNK1 and JNK2 and inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nuclear factor-κB/activating protein 1 (NF-κB/AP-1) transcriptional activity in THP-1Blue cells and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production by MonoMac-6 monocytic cells in the low micromolar range. Likewise, compounds 4d, 4e, and pan-JNK inhibitor 4h (9-methylindolo[2,1-b]quinazolin-6,12-dione oxime) decreased LPS-induced c-Jun phosphorylation in MonoMac-6 cells, directly confirming JNK inhibition. Molecular modeling suggested modes of binding interaction of these compounds in the JNK3 catalytic site that were in agreement with the experimental data on JNK3 binding. Our results demonstrate the potential for developing anti-inflammatory drugs based on these nitrogen-containing heterocyclic systems with selectivity for JNK3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor A Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Oleksander S Karpenko
- O.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 65080 Odesa, Ukraine
| | | | - Liliya N Kirpotina
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | | | - Stepan I Chekal
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Odesa I.I. Mechnikov National University, 65082 Odesa, Ukraine
| | - Alevtyna V Radudik
- O.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 65080 Odesa, Ukraine
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Odesa I.I. Mechnikov National University, 65082 Odesa, Ukraine
| | - Maryna O Shybinska
- O.V. Bogatsky Physico-Chemical Institute, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 65080 Odesa, Ukraine
| | - Mark T Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
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28
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Cheng Y, Zhong X, Nie X, Gu H, Wu X, Li R, Wu Y, Lv K, Leung GPH, Fu C, Lee SMY, Zhang J, Li J. Glycyrrhetinic acid suppresses breast cancer metastasis by inhibiting M2-like macrophage polarization via activating JNK1/2 signaling. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 114:154757. [PMID: 37011418 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer metastasis is leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) have been considered as potential targets for treating breast cancer metastasis because they promote tumor growth and development. Glycyrrhetinic acid (GA) is one of the most important phytochemicals of licorice which has shown promising anti-cancer efficacies in pre-clinical trials. However, the regulatory effect of GA on the polarization of TAMs remains elusive. PURPOSE To investigate the role of GA in regulating the polarization of M2 macrophages and inhibiting breast cancer metastasis, and to further explore its underlying mechanisms of action. STUDY DESIGN IL-4 / IL-13-treated RAW 264.7 and THP-1 cells were used as the M2-polarized macrophages in vitro. A 4T1 mouse breast cancer model and the tail vein breast cancer metastasis model were applied to study the effect of GA on breast cancer growth and metastasis in vivo. RESULTS In vitro studies showed that GA significantly inhibited IL-4 / IL 13-induced M2-like polarization in RAW 264.7 and THP-1 macrophages without affecting M1-like polarization. GA strongly decreased the expression of M2 macrophage markers CD206 and Arg-1, and reduced the levels of the pro-angiogenic molecules VEGF, MMP9, MMP2 and IL-10 in M2 macrophages. GA also increased the phosphorylation of JNK1/2 in M2 macrophages. Moreover, GA significantly suppressed M2 macrophage-induced cell proliferation and migration in 4T1 cancer cells and HUVECs. Interestingly, the inhibitory effects of GA on M2 macrophages were abolished by a JNK inhibitor. Animal studies showed that GA significantly suppressed tumor growth, angiogenesis, and lung metastasis in BALB/c mice bearing breast tumor. In tumor tissues, GA reduced the number of M2 macrophages but elevated the proportion of M1 macrophages, accompanied by activation of JNK signaling. Similar results were found in the tail vein breast cancer metastasis model. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated for the first time that GA could effectively suppress breast cancer growth and metastasis by inhibiting macrophage M2 polarization via activating JNK1/2 signaling. These findings indicate that GA could be served as the lead compound for the future development of anti-breast cancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuemei Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Huan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoping Wu
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Renkai Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yihan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kongpeng Lv
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, China
| | - George Pak-Heng Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chaomei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Simon Ming-Yuen Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jingjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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29
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Qian H, Ding Y, Deng X, Huang W, Li Z, Liu F, Zhang J, Wang L, Liu J, Yuan Y, Hou S, Chen X, Ma L. Synthesis-accessibility-oriented design of c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 inhibitor. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 256:115442. [PMID: 37156184 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a severe and progressive lung disease with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. The c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase 1 (JNK1), a key component of the MAPK pathway, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of IPF and represents a potential therapeutic target. However, the development of JNK1 inhibitors has been slowed, partly due to synthetic complexity in medicinal chemistry modification. Here, we report a synthesis-accessibility-oriented strategy for designing JNK1 inhibitors based on computational prediction of synthetic feasibility and fragment-based molecule generation. This strategy led to the discovery of several potent JNK1 inhibitors, such as compound C6 (IC50 = 33.5 nM), which exhibited comparable activity to the clinical candidate CC-90001 (IC50 = 24.4 nM). The anti-fibrotic effect of C6 was further confirmed in animal model of pulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, compound C6 could be synthesized in only two steps, compared to nine steps for CC-90001. Our findings suggest that compound C6 is a promising lead for further optimization and development as a novel anti-fibrotic agent targeting JNK1. In addition, the discovery of C6 also demonstrates the feasibility of synthesis-accessibility-oriented strategy in lead discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hewen Qian
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yuanqing Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Xingyu Deng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China; School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Weiwei Huang
- Hangzhou Matrix Biopharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Fengling Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China
| | - Lihui Wang
- Institute of Ageing Research, Hangzhou Normal University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, China
| | - Junping Liu
- Institute of Ageing Research, Hangzhou Normal University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 311121, China
| | - Yaxia Yuan
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, 78229, USA
| | - Shurong Hou
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
| | - Xiabin Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines; Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311121, China.
| | - Lei Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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Relton EL, Roth NJ, Yasa S, Kaleem A, Hermey G, Minnis CJ, Mole SE, Shelkovnikova T, Lefrancois S, McCormick PJ, Locker N. The Batten disease protein CLN3 is important for stress granules dynamics and translational activity. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104649. [PMID: 36965618 PMCID: PMC10149212 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The assembly of membrane-less organelles such as stress granules (SGs) is emerging as central in helping cells rapidly respond and adapt to stress. Following stress sensing, the resulting global translational shutoff leads to the condensation of stalled mRNAs and proteins into SGs. By reorganizing cytoplasmic contents, SGs can modulate RNA translation, biochemical reactions, and signaling cascades to promote survival until the stress is resolved. While mechanisms for SG disassembly are not widely understood, the resolution of SGs is important for maintaining cell viability and protein homeostasis. Mutations that lead to persistent or aberrant SGs are increasingly associated with neuropathology and a hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases. Mutations in CLN3 are causative of juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, a rare neurodegenerative disease affecting children also known as Batten disease. CLN3 encodes a transmembrane lysosomal protein implicated in autophagy, endosomal trafficking, metabolism, and response to oxidative stress. Using a HeLa cell model lacking CLN3, we now show that CLN3KO is associated with an altered metabolic profile, reduced global translation, and altered stress signaling. Furthermore, loss of CLN3 function results in perturbations in SG dynamics, resulting in assembly and disassembly defects, and altered expression of the key SG nucleating factor G3BP1. With a growing interest in SG-modulating drugs for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, novel insights into the molecular basis of CLN3 Batten disease may reveal avenues for disease-modifying treatments for this debilitating childhood disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily L Relton
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas J Roth
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Seda Yasa
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Laval, Canada
| | - Abuzar Kaleem
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Cognition, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Hermey
- Institute for Molecular and Cellular Cognition, Center for Molecular Neurobiology Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christopher J Minnis
- Great Ormond Street, Institute of Child Health and MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and Great Ormond Street, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sara E Mole
- Great Ormond Street, Institute of Child Health and MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology and Great Ormond Street, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tatyana Shelkovnikova
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Stephane Lefrancois
- Centre Armand-Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Laval, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada; Centre d'Excellence en Recherche sur les Maladies Orphelines - Fondation Courtois (CERMO-FC), Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, Canada
| | - Peter J McCormick
- Centre for Endocrinology, William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine, Queen Mary, University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas Locker
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom.
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Jun J, Moon H, Yang S, Lee J, Baek J, Kim H, Cho H, Hwang K, Ahn S, Kim Y, Kim G, Kim H, Kwon H, Hah JM. Carbamate JNK3 Inhibitors Show Promise as Effective Treatments for Alzheimer's Disease: In Vivo Studies on Mouse Models. J Med Chem 2023; 66:6372-6390. [PMID: 37094094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
We have been developing new inhibitors for c-Jun N-terminal kinase 3 (JNK3) as a potential treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD). We identified potential JNK3 inhibitors through pharmacodynamic optimization studies, including benzimidazole compounds 2 and 3, but their unreliable pharmacokinetic properties led us to develop carbamate inhibitors 2h and 3h. In vitro studies validated carbamate inhibitors 2h and 3h as potent and highly selective JNK3 inhibitors with favorable pharmacokinetic profiles. Oral administration of 2h and 3h to both APP/PS1 and 3xTg AD mouse models improved cognitive function, indicating their potential as effective treatments for Alzheimer's disease. Carbamate JNK3 inhibitor 3h, in particular, restored cognitive function to near-normal levels in the 3xTg mice model of AD and led to pTau reduction in the hippocampal tissues of 3xTg-AD mice during in vivo behavioral evaluations. We intend to further develop these carbamate JNK3 inhibitors in preclinical studies as a potential first-in-class treatment for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joonhong Jun
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Kyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyungwoo Moon
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Kyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Songyi Yang
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Kyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghun Lee
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Kyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Baek
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Kyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Kyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwook Cho
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Kyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungrim Hwang
- Research Center, Samjin Pharm. Co. Ltd. 90, Magokjungang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07794, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyeon Ahn
- Research Center, Samjin Pharm. Co. Ltd. 90, Magokjungang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07794, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuro Kim
- Research Center, Samjin Pharm. Co. Ltd. 90, Magokjungang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07794, Republic of Korea
| | - Gibeom Kim
- Research Center, Samjin Pharm. Co. Ltd. 90, Magokjungang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07794, Republic of Korea
| | - HyunTae Kim
- Research Center, Samjin Pharm. Co. Ltd. 90, Magokjungang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07794, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoseok Kwon
- Research Center, Samjin Pharm. Co. Ltd. 90, Magokjungang 10-ro, Gangseo-gu, Seoul 07794, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Mi Hah
- Department of Pharmacy & Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Kyeonggi-do 15588, Republic of Korea
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32
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Singh SK, Roy R, Kumar S, Srivastava P, Jha S, Rana B, Rana A. Molecular Insights of MAP4K4 Signaling in Inflammatory and Malignant Diseases. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15082272. [PMID: 37190200 PMCID: PMC10136566 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15082272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are crucial in extracellular signal transduction to cellular responses. The classical three-tiered MAPK cascades include signaling through MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K) that activates a MAP kinase kinase (MAP2K), which in turn induces MAPK activation and downstream cellular responses. The upstream activators of MAP3K are often small guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP)-binding proteins, but in some pathways, MAP3K can be activated by another kinase, which is known as a MAP kinase kinase kinase kinase (MAP4K). MAP4K4 is one of the widely studied MAP4K members, known to play a significant role in inflammatory, cardiovascular, and malignant diseases. The MAP4K4 signal transduction plays an essential role in cell proliferation, transformation, invasiveness, adhesiveness, inflammation, stress responses, and cell migration. Overexpression of MAP4K4 is frequently reported in many cancers, including glioblastoma, colon, prostate, and pancreatic cancers. Besides its mainstay pro-survival role in various malignancies, MAP4K4 has been implicated in cancer-associated cachexia. In the present review, we discuss the functional role of MAP4K4 in malignant/non-malignant diseases and cancer-associated cachexia and its possible use in targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Kumar Singh
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ruchi Roy
- UICentre for Drug Discovery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Piush Srivastava
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Saket Jha
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Basabi Rana
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Ajay Rana
- Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
- Jesse Brown VA Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
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Wright GM, Black JC. Genomic Redistribution of Metal-Response Transcription Factor-1 (MTF-1) in Cadmium Resistant Cells. Cells 2023; 12:cells12060953. [PMID: 36980293 PMCID: PMC10047149 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Metal homeostasis is an important part of cellular programs and is disrupted when cells are exposed to carcinogenic heavy metals. Metal response is mediated by the metal response element transcription factor MTF-1. However, where MTF-1 binds and how that binding changes in response to heavy metals, such as cadmium, remains unknown. (2) Methods: To investigate the effects of prolonged cadmium exposure on the genomic distribution of MTF-1, we performed MTF-1 CUT&RUN, RNA-seq and ATAC-seq on control and cadmium-resistant cells. (3) Results: Changes in MTF-1 binding primarily occur distal to the transcription start sight. Newly occupied MTF-1 sites are enriched for FOS/JUN DNA binding motifs, while regions that lose MTF-1 binding in cadmium are enriched for the FOX transcription factor family member DNA binding sites. (4) Conclusions: Relocalization of MTF-1 to new genomic loci does not alter the accessibility of these locations. Our results support a model whereby MTF-1 is relocalized to accessible FOS/JUN-bound genomic locations in response to cadmium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory M Wright
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
| | - Joshua C Black
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
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Plotnikov MB, Chernysheva GA, Smol’yakova VI, Aliev OI, Fomina TI, Sandrikina LA, Sukhodolo IV, Ivanova VV, Osipenko AN, Anfinogenova ND, Khlebnikov AI, Atochin DN, Schepetkin IA, Quinn MT. Cardioprotective Effects of a Selective c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Inhibitor in a Rat Model of Myocardial Infarction. Biomedicines 2023; 11:714. [PMID: 36979693 PMCID: PMC10044897 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) is involved in myocardial injury, left ventricular remodeling (LV), and heart failure (HF) after myocardial infarction (MI). The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of a selective JNK inhibitor, 11H-indeno [1,2-b]quinoxalin-11-one oxime (IQ-1), on myocardial injury and acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in adult male Wistar rats. Intraperitoneal administration of IQ-1 (25 mg/kg daily for 5 days) resulted in a significant decrease in myocardial infarct size on day 5 after MI. On day 60 after MI, a significant (2.6-fold) decrease in LV scar size, a 2.2-fold decrease in the size of the LV cavity, a 2.9-fold decrease in the area of mature connective tissue, and a 1.7-fold decrease in connective tissue in the interventricular septum were observed compared with the control group. The improved contractile function of the heart resulted in a significant (33%) increase in stroke size, a 40% increase in cardiac output, a 12% increase in LV systolic pressure, a 28% increase in the LV maximum rate of pressure rise, a 45% increase in the LV maximum rate of pressure drop, a 29% increase in the contractility index, a 14% increase in aortic pressure, a 2.7-fold decrease in LV end-diastolic pressure, and a 4.2-fold decrease in LV minimum pressure. We conclude that IQ-1 has cardioprotective activity and reduces the severity of HF after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark B. Plotnikov
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634028 Tomsk, Russia
- Faculty of Radiophysics, National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Galina A. Chernysheva
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634028 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vera I. Smol’yakova
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634028 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Oleg I. Aliev
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634028 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Tatyana I. Fomina
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634028 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Lyubov A. Sandrikina
- Department of Pharmacology, Goldberg Research Institute of Pharmacology and Regenerative Medicine, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634028 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Irina V. Sukhodolo
- Department of Morphology and General Pathology, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vera V. Ivanova
- Department of Morphology and General Pathology, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anton N. Osipenko
- Department of Pharmacology, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nina D. Anfinogenova
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634012 Tomsk, Russia
| | | | - Dmitriy N. Atochin
- Kizhner Research Center, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA 02115, USA
| | - Igor A. Schepetkin
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
| | - Mark T. Quinn
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
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Guo B, Huang X, Chen Y, Broxmeyer HE. Ex Vivo Expansion and Homing of Human Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1442:85-104. [PMID: 38228960 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-7471-9_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Cord blood (CB) has been proven to be an alternative source of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) for clinical transplantation and has multiple advantages, including but not limited to greater HLA compatibility, lower incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), higher survival rates and lower relapse rates among patients with minimal residual disease. However, the limited number of HSCs in a single CB unit limits the wider use of CB in clinical treatment. Many efforts have been made to enhance the efficacy of CB HSC transplantation, particularly by ex vivo expansion or enhancing the homing efficiency of HSCs. In this chapter, we will document the major advances regarding human HSC ex vivo expansion and homing and will also discuss the possibility of clinical translation of such laboratory work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Guo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xinxin Huang
- Xuhui Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yandan Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hal E Broxmeyer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
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Jun J, Yang S, Lee J, Moon H, Kim J, Jung H, Im D, Oh Y, Jang M, Cho H, Baek J, Kim H, Kang D, Bae H, Tak C, Hwang K, Kwon H, Kim H, Hah JM. Discovery of novel imidazole chemotypes as isoform-selective JNK3 inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 245:114894. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Jin J, Chang RS, Xu S, Xia G, Wong JMJ, Fang Y, Jia P, Ding X. Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Ameliorates LPS-Induced Acute Kidney Injury through Detoxification of 4-HNE and Suppression of the MAPK Pathway. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:5513507. [PMID: 37064008 PMCID: PMC10101750 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5513507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced septic acute kidney injury (AKI) is determined as a devastating organ dysfunction elicited by an inappropriate response to infection with high morbidity and mortality rates. Previous evidence has illustrated an indispensable role of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) in the pathogenesis of sepsis-induced multiorgan abnormalities. Specifically, this study investigated the potential role of ALDH2 in sepsis-induced AKI. After LPS administration, we observed a significant decline in renal function, increased inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE) accumulation, and apoptosis via MAPK activation in ALDH2-/- mice; in contrast, pretreatment with Alda-1 (an ALDH2 activator) alleviated the LPS-induced dysfunctions in mice. Moreover, in vitro analysis revealed that ALDH2 overexpression in mouse tubular epithelial cells (mTECs) improved the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, 4-HNE accumulation, and apoptosis via MAPK inhibition, whereas ALDH2 knockdown in mTECs aggravated these parameters via MAPK activation. Therefore, ALDH2 may protect against LPS-induced septic AKI by suppressing 4-HNE/MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifu Jin
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rebecca Suchi Chang
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sujuan Xu
- Orthopedic Research Institute of Hebei Province, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Department of Nephrology, Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guang Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jennifer Ming Jen Wong
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Fang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Jia
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Ding
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Wydra VR, Ditzinger RB, Seidler NJ, Hacker FW, Laufer SA. A patent review of MAPK inhibitors (2018 - present). Expert Opin Ther Pat 2023; 33:421-444. [PMID: 37501497 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2023.2242584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family consist of p38 MAP kinases, c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs). They are involved in a multitude of diseases, including inflammatory, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, and metabolic diseases as well as cancer. In recent years, further developments in the field of MAPK-inhibitors have been reported, including an isoform or downstream target selective inhibition of MAPKs as well as target protein degradation approaches. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes newly patented MAPK-inhibitors that were claimed between 2018 and early 2023. Presented are the patents as well as their corresponding publications, the storyline of development, and clinical trials involving these compounds. This article elaborates a total of 27 patents, which were identified using established search engines. EXPERT OPINION Although industrial research on MAPK-inhibitors has been ongoing for more than 20 years, novel clinical trials of MAPK-inhibitors as potential drug candidates are still being conducted in the period under review. Recently reported inhibitors show an excellent selectivity profile and are even achieving selectivity between closely related isoforms. This progression offers the possibility to eliminate unwanted side effects and may finally lead to the approval of the first MAPK-inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin R Wydra
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universit't Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Raphael B Ditzinger
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universit't Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Nico J Seidler
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universit't Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Frederik W Hacker
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universit't Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan A Laufer
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Eberhard Karls Universit't Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC2180) "Image-Guided & Functionally Instructed Tumor Therapies", Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Tübingen Center for Academic Drug Discovery & Development (Tücad2), Tübingen, Germany
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Zhang H, Liao Z, Wang W, Liu Y, Zhu H, Liang H, Zhang B, Chen X. A micropeptide JunBP regulated by TGF-β promotes hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis. Oncogene 2023; 42:113-123. [PMID: 36380240 PMCID: PMC9816058 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02518-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway plays important roles in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. Long intergenic non-protein coding RNAs (lincRNAs) are important components of TGF-β signaling pathway and perform their functions through different mechanisms. Here, we found that LINC02551 was activated by TGF-β transcriptionally and identified a 174-amino-acid peptide, Jun binding micropeptide (JunBP), encoded by LINC02551 in HCC tissues and HCC cell lines. Functional study showed that JunBP promotes HCC metastasis through binding to c-Jun and subsequent promotion of its phosphorylated activation. Activated c-Jun has higher binding affinity to SMAD3, which in turn leads to more SMAD3 recruited to the promoter region of LINC02551. We find a positive feedback among them, and this mechanism provides a novel potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Zhang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei P.R. China ,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei P.R. China
| | - Zhibin Liao
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei P.R. China ,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei P.R. China
| | - Weijian Wang
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei P.R. China ,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei P.R. China
| | - Yachong Liu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei P.R. China ,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei P.R. China
| | - He Zhu
- grid.33199.310000 0004 0368 7223Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei P.R. China ,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei P.R. China
| | - Huifang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China.
| | - Bixiang Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China. .,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaoping Chen
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China. .,Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China. .,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education and Ministry of Health, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China.
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Eccles JA, Baldwin WS. Detoxification Cytochrome P450s (CYPs) in Families 1-3 Produce Functional Oxylipins from Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids. Cells 2022; 12:82. [PMID: 36611876 PMCID: PMC9818454 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This manuscript reviews the CYP-mediated production of oxylipins and the current known function of these diverse set of oxylipins with emphasis on the detoxification CYPs in families 1-3. Our knowledge of oxylipin function has greatly increased over the past 3-7 years with new theories on stability and function. This includes a significant amount of new information on oxylipins produced from linoleic acid (LA) and the omega-3 PUFA-derived oxylipins such as α-linolenic acid (ALA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). However, there is still a lack of knowledge regarding the primary CYP responsible for producing specific oxylipins, and a lack of mechanistic insight for some clinical associations between outcomes and oxylipin levels. In addition, the role of CYPs in the production of oxylipins as signaling molecules for obesity, energy utilization, and development have increased greatly with potential interactions between diet, endocrinology, and pharmacology/toxicology due to nuclear receptor mediated CYP induction, CYP inhibition, and receptor interactions/crosstalk. The potential for diet-diet and diet-drug/chemical interactions is high given that these promiscuous CYPs metabolize a plethora of different endogenous and exogenous chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - William S. Baldwin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
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41
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Benito-León M, Gil-Redondo JC, Perez-Sen R, Delicado EG, Ortega F, Gomez-Villafuertes R. BCI, an inhibitor of the DUSP1 and DUSP6 dual specificity phosphatases, enhances P2X7 receptor expression in neuroblastoma cells. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1049566. [PMID: 36589747 PMCID: PMC9797830 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1049566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
P2X7 receptor (P2RX7) is expressed strongly by most human cancers, including neuroblastoma, where high levels of P2RX7 are correlated with a poor prognosis for patients. Tonic activation of P2X7 receptor favors cell metabolism and angiogenesis, thereby promoting cancer cell proliferation, immunosuppression, and metastasis. Although understanding the mechanisms that control P2X7 receptor levels in neuroblastoma cells could be biologically and clinically relevant, the intracellular signaling pathways involved in this regulation remain poorly understood. Here we show that (E)-2-benzylidene-3-(cyclohexylamino)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-1-one (BCI), an allosteric inhibitor of dual specificity phosphatases (DUSP) 1 and 6, enhances the expression of P2X7 receptor in N2a neuroblastoma cells. We found that exposure to BCI induces the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases p38 and JNK, while it prevents the phosphorylation of ERK1/2. BCI enhanced dual specificity phosphatase 1 expression, whereas it induced a decrease in the dual specificity phosphatase 6 transcripts, suggesting that BCI-dependent inhibition of dual specificity phosphatase 1 may be responsible for the increase in p38 and JNK phosphorylation. The weaker ERK phosphorylation induced by BCI was reversed by p38 inhibition, indicating that this MAPK is involved in the regulatory loop that dampens ERK activity. The PP2A phosphatase appears to be implicated in the p38-dependent dephosphorylation of ERK1/2. In addition, the PTEN phosphatase inhibition also prevented ERK1/2 dephosphorylation, probably through p38 downregulation. By contrast, inhibition of the p53 nuclear factor decreased ERK phosphorylation, probably enhancing the activity of p38. Finally, the inhibition of either p38 or Sp1-dependent transcription halved the increase in P2X7 receptor expression induced by BCI. Moreover, the combined inhibition of both p38 and Sp1 completely prevented the effect exerted by BCI. Together, our results indicate that dual specificity phosphatase 1 acts as a novel negative regulator of P2X7 receptor expression in neuroblastoma cells due to the downregulation of the p38 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Benito-León
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Gil-Redondo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain,Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Biophysics, BOKU University for Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Raquel Perez-Sen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Esmerilda G. Delicado
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Felipe Ortega
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain,*Correspondence: Felipe Ortega, ; Rosa Gomez-Villafuertes,
| | - Rosa Gomez-Villafuertes
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, Madrid, Spain,Instituto Universitario de Investigación en Neuroquímica (IUIN), Madrid, Spain,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain,*Correspondence: Felipe Ortega, ; Rosa Gomez-Villafuertes,
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Boccuni L, Podgorschek E, Schmiedeberg M, Platanitis E, Traxler P, Fischer P, Schirripa A, Novoszel P, Nebreda AR, Arthur JSC, Fortelny N, Farlik M, Sexl V, Bock C, Sibilia M, Kovarik P, Müller M, Decker T. Stress signaling boosts interferon-induced gene transcription in macrophages. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabq5389. [PMID: 36512641 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abq5389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Promoters of antimicrobial genes function as logic boards, integrating signals of innate immune responses. One such set of genes is stimulated by interferon (IFN) signaling, and the expression of these genes [IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs)] can be further modulated by cell stress-induced pathways. Here, we investigated the global effect of stress-induced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling on the response of macrophages to IFN. In response to cell stress that coincided with IFN exposure, the p38 MAPK-activated transcription factors CREB and c-Jun, in addition to the IFN-activated STAT family of transcription factors, bound to ISGs. In addition, p38 MAPK signaling induced activating histone modifications at the loci of ISGs and stimulated nuclear translocation of the CREB coactivator CRTC3. These actions synergistically enhanced ISG expression. Disrupting this synergy with p38 MAPK inhibitors improved the viability of macrophages infected with Listeria monocytogenes. Our findings uncover a mechanism of transcriptional synergism and highlight the biological consequences of coincident stress-induced p38 MAPK and IFN-stimulated signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Boccuni
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria
- University of Vienna, Center for Molecular Biology, Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Elke Podgorschek
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria
- University of Vienna, Center for Molecular Biology, Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Moritz Schmiedeberg
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria
- University of Vienna, Center for Molecular Biology, Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Ekaterini Platanitis
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria
- University of Vienna, Center for Molecular Biology, Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Peter Traxler
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Philipp Fischer
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria
- University of Vienna, Center for Molecular Biology, Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Alessia Schirripa
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna 1210, Austria
| | - Philipp Novoszel
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Angel R Nebreda
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona 08028, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluís Companys 23, Barcelona 08010, Spain
| | - J Simon C Arthur
- Division of Cell Signaling and Immunology and University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
- Medical Research Council Protein Phosphorylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, Wellcome Trust Building, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Nikolaus Fortelny
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Computational Systems Biology Group, Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, Paris Lodron University of Salzburg, Salzburg 5020, Austria
| | - Matthias Farlik
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Veronika Sexl
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna 1210, Austria
| | - Christoph Bock
- CeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna 1090, Austria
- Institute of Artificial Intelligence, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Maria Sibilia
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Pavel Kovarik
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria
- University of Vienna, Center for Molecular Biology, Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Vienna 1030, Austria
| | - Mathias Müller
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna 1210, Austria
| | - Thomas Decker
- Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter Campus (VBC), Vienna 1030, Austria
- University of Vienna, Center for Molecular Biology, Department of Microbiology, Immunobiology and Genetics, Vienna 1030, Austria
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43
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Rodari MM, Cerf-Bensussan N, Parlato M. Dysregulation of the immune response in TGF-β signalopathies. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1066375. [PMID: 36569843 PMCID: PMC9780292 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1066375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family of cytokines exerts pleiotropic functions during embryonic development, tissue homeostasis and repair as well as within the immune system. Single gene defects in individual component of this signaling machinery cause defined Mendelian diseases associated with aberrant activation of TGF-β signaling, ultimately leading to impaired development, immune responses or both. Gene defects that affect members of the TGF-β cytokine family result in more restricted phenotypes, while those affecting downstream components of the signaling machinery induce broader defects. These rare disorders, also known as TGF-β signalopathies, provide the unique opportunity to improve our understanding of the role and the relevance of the TGF-β signaling in the human immune system. Here, we summarize this elaborate signaling pathway, review the diverse clinical presentations and immunological phenotypes observed in these patients and discuss the phenotypic overlap between humans and mice genetically deficient for individual components of the TGF-β signaling cascade.
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Shi J, Yang X, Kang Q, Lu J, Denzinger M, Kornmann M, Traub B. JNK inhibitor IX restrains pancreatic cancer through p53 and p21. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1006131. [PMID: 36568248 PMCID: PMC9768178 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1006131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel treatment options for pancreatic cancer are desperately needed. De-regulated kinases can be regularly detected in pancreatic cancer. Multiple pathway inhibitors were developed to exploit these features, among them selective inhibitors of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase isoforms 1 and 2 (JNK1 and 2). We evaluated the effectiveness of four different JNK inhibitors on pancreatic cancer cell lines. Cell mobility and migration were evaluated in scratch assay and Boyden chamber assay. Mechanism of cell death was analyzed via apoptosis assays in FACS and immunoblotting as well as cell cycle analysis via FACS, and qPCR. JNK2 knockout cells were generated using siRNA transfection. Among the inhibitors, JNK inhibitor IX (JNK-in-IX), designed as specific inhibitor against JNK2 was proven highly effective in inhibiting cell growth, mobility and migration. We were able to show that JNK-in-IX caused DNA damage resulting in G2 arrest mediated through p53 and p21. Interestingly, JNK-in-IX acted independently of its primary target JNK2. In summary, JNK-in-IX was shown highly effective in pancreatic cancer. This study underlines the need for modeling systems in testing therapeutic options as JNK2 was previously not indicated as a potential target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Shi
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China,Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Xing Yang
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Qi Kang
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jian Lu
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Maximilian Denzinger
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Marko Kornmann
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany
| | - Benno Traub
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Ulm University Hospital, Ulm, Germany,*Correspondence: Benno Traub,
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45
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Cheng X, Wei Y, Zhang Z, Wang F, He J, Wang R, Xu Y, Keerman M, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Bi J, Yao J, He M. Plasma PFOA and PFOS Levels, DNA Methylation, and Blood Lipid Levels: A Pilot Study. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:17039-17051. [PMID: 36374530 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) is associated with blood lipids in adults, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This pilot study aimed to investigate the associations between PFOA or PFOS and epigenome-wide DNA methylation and assess the mediating effect of DNA methylation on the PFOA/PFOS-blood lipid association. We measured plasma PFOA/PFOS and leukocyte DNA methylation in 98 patients enrolled from the hospital between October 2018 and August 2019. The median plasma PFOA/PFOS levels were 0.85 and 2.29 ng/mL. Plasma PFOA and PFOS levels were significantly associated with elevated total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) levels. There were 63/87 CpG positions and 8/11 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with plasma PFOA/PFOS levels, respectively. In addition, 5 CpG positions (annotated to AFF3, CREB5, NRG2, USF2, and intergenic region) and one DMR annotated to IRF6 may mediate the association between plasma PFOA/PFOS and LDL levels (mediated proportion from 7.29 to 46.77%); two CpG positions may mediate the association between plasma PFOA/PFOS and TC levels (annotated to CREB5 and USF2, mediated proportion is around 30%). The data suggest that PFOA/PFOS exposure alters DNA methylation. More importantly, the association of PFOA/PFOS with lipid indicators was partly mediated by DNA methylation changes in lipid metabolism-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Cheng
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yue Wei
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Zefang Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - Jia He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ruixin Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Yali Xu
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Mulatibieke Keerman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Shiyang Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jiao Bi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Jinqiu Yao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Meian He
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health for Incubating, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan 430030, China
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Oki K, Henderson CG, Ward SM, Ward JA, Plamper ML, Mayer TA, Caldwell AR, Leon LR. Identification of therapeutic targets in a murine model of severe exertional heat stroke. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2022; 323:R935-R950. [PMID: 36283086 PMCID: PMC9722257 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00150.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Exertional heat stroke (EHS) is a potentially lethal condition resulting from high core body temperatures (TC) in combination with a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) with varying degrees of severity across victims, and limited understanding of the underlying mechanism(s). We established a mouse model of severe EHS to identify mechanisms of hyperthermia/inflammation that may be responsible for organ damage. Mice were forced to run on a motorized wheel in a 37.5°C chamber until loss of consciousness and were either removed immediately (exertional heat injury or EHI; TCMax = 42.4 ± 0.2°C) or remained in the chamber an additional 20 min (EHS; TCMax = 42.5 ± 0.4°C). Exercise control mice (ExC) experienced identical procedures to EHS at 25°C. At 3 h post-EHS, there was evidence for an immune/inflammatory response as elevated blood chemokine [interferon γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10), keratinocytes-derived chemokine (KC), macrophage inflammatory proteins (MIP-1α), MIP-1β, MIP-2] and cytokine [granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), interleukins (IL-10), IL-6] levels peaked and were highest in EHS mice compared with EHI and ExC mice. Immunoblotting of organs susceptible to EHS damage indicated that several kinases were sensitive to stress associated with heat/inflammation and exercise; specifically, phosphorylation of liver c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) at threonine 183/tyrosine 185 immediately (0 h) postheating related to heat illness severity. We have established a mouse EHS model, and JNK [or its downstream target(s)] could underlie EHS symptomatology, allowing the identification of molecular pathways or countermeasure targets to mitigate heat illness severity, enable complete recovery, and decrease overall EHS-related fatalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Oki
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts
| | - Chloe G Henderson
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts
- Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - Shauna M Ward
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts
| | - Jermaine A Ward
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts
| | - Mark L Plamper
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts
| | - Thomas A Mayer
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts
| | - Aaron R Caldwell
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts
- Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
| | - Lisa R Leon
- Thermal and Mountain Medicine Division, United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, Massachusetts
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Blanco S, Morán P, Diz AP, Olabarria C, Vázquez E. Effects of short-term hyposalinity stress on four commercially important bivalves: A proteomic perspective. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 215:114371. [PMID: 36162473 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Increased heavy rainfall can reduce salinity to values close to 0 in estuaries. Lethal and sublethal physiological and behavioural effects of decreases in salinity below ten have already been found to occur in the commercially important clam species Venerupis corrugata, Ruditapes decussatus and R. philippinarum and the cockle Cerastoderma edule, which generate an income of ∼74 million euros annually in Galicia (NW Spain). However, studies of the molecular response to hyposaline stress in bivalves are scarce. This 'shotgun' proteomics study evaluates changes in mantle-edge proteins subjected to short-term hyposaline episodes in two different months (March and May) during the gametogenic cycle. We found evidence that the mantle-edge proteome was more responsive to sampling time than to hyposalinity, strongly suggesting that reproductive stages condition the stress response. However, hyposalinity modulated proteome profiles in V. corrugata and C. edule in both months and R. philippinarum in May, involving proteins implicated in protein folding, redox homeostasis, detoxification, cytoskeleton modulation and the regulation of apoptotic, autophagic and lipid degradation pathways. However, proteins that are essential for an optimal osmotic stress response but which are highly energy demanding, such as chaperones, osmoprotectants and DNA repair factors, were found in small relative abundances. In both months in R. decussatus and in March in R. philippinarum, almost no differences between treatments were detected. Concordant trends in the relative abundance of stress response candidate proteins were also obtained in V. corrugata and C. edule in the different months, but not in Ruditapes spp., strongly suggesting that the osmotic stress response in bivalves is complex and possibly influenced by a combination of controlled (sampling time) and uncontrolled variables. In this paper, we report potential molecular targets for studying the response to osmotic stress, especially in the most osmosensitive native species C. edule and V. corrugata, and suggest factors to consider when searching for biomarkers of hyposaline stress in bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Blanco
- CIM - Centro de Investigación Mariña and Departamento de Bioquímica, Xenética e Inmunoloxía, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
| | - P Morán
- CIM - Centro de Investigación Mariña and Departamento de Bioquímica, Xenética e Inmunoloxía, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - A P Diz
- CIM - Centro de Investigación Mariña and Departamento de Bioquímica, Xenética e Inmunoloxía, Facultade de Bioloxía, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - C Olabarria
- CIM - Centro de Investigación Mariña and Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de Ciencias do Mar, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
| | - E Vázquez
- CIM - Centro de Investigación Mariña and Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal, Facultade de Ciencias do Mar, Universidade de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain
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Brennan CM, Hill AS, St. Andre M, Li X, Madeti V, Breitkopf S, Garren S, Xue L, Gilbert T, Hadjipanayis A, Monetti M, Emerson CP, Moccia R, Owens J, Christoforou N. DUX4 expression activates JNK and p38 MAP kinases in myoblasts. Dis Model Mech 2022; 15:dmm049516. [PMID: 36196640 PMCID: PMC10655719 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is caused by misexpression of the DUX4 transcription factor in skeletal muscle that results in transcriptional alterations, abnormal phenotypes and cell death. To gain insight into the kinetics of DUX4-induced stresses, we activated DUX4 expression in myoblasts and performed longitudinal RNA sequencing paired with proteomics and phosphoproteomics. This analysis revealed changes in cellular physiology upon DUX4 activation, including DNA damage and altered mRNA splicing. Phosphoproteomic analysis uncovered rapid widespread changes in protein phosphorylation following DUX4 induction, indicating that alterations in kinase signaling might play a role in DUX4-mediated stress and cell death. Indeed, we demonstrate that two stress-responsive MAP kinase pathways, JNK and p38, are activated in response to DUX4 expression. Inhibition of each of these pathways ameliorated DUX4-mediated cell death in myoblasts. These findings uncover that the JNK pathway is involved in DUX4-mediated cell death and provide additional insights into the role of the p38 pathway, a clinical target for the treatment of FSHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M. Brennan
- Rare Disease Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- WRDM Postdoctoral Program, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Abby S. Hill
- Rare Disease Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | | | - Xianfeng Li
- Rare Disease Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Vijaya Madeti
- NGS Technology Center, Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Susanne Breitkopf
- Proteomics Technology Center, Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Seth Garren
- NGS Technology Center, Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Liang Xue
- Machine Learning and Computational Science, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Tamara Gilbert
- High Content Imaging Technology Center, Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Angela Hadjipanayis
- NGS Technology Center, Inflammation and Immunology Research Unit, Pfizer, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Mara Monetti
- Proteomics Technology Center, Internal Medicine Research Unit, Pfizer, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Charles P. Emerson
- Rare Disease Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Wellstone Muscular Dystrophy Program, Department of Neurology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA
| | - Robert Moccia
- Rare Disease Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Jane Owens
- Rare Disease Research Unit, Pfizer Inc., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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Quantification of a promising JNK inhibitor and nitrovasodilator IQ-1 and its major metabolite in rat plasma by LC-MS/MS. Bioanalysis 2022; 14:1423-1441. [PMID: 36705017 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2022-0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: IQ-1 is a promising c-Jun-N-terminal kinase inhibitor and nitrovasodilator. An LC-MS/MS method was validated to determine IQ-1 isomers and major metabolite IQ-18 in rat plasma. Materials & methods: The analytes were extracted using ethyl acetate. The chromatographic separation was performed on a C8 column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) under acetonitrile-water (5 mM ammonium formate buffer, pH 2.93) gradient elution. Multiple reaction monitoring was used for MS/MS detection in the positive ion mode. Results: The method was fully validated over the range of 0.1-400 ng/ml (Z-isomer), 0.9-3600 ng/ml (E-isomer), 5.0-4000 (IQ-18). Conclusion: This method has been successfully applied to pharmacokinetic studies of IQ-1 and IQ-18 in rats after a single oral dose of IQ-1 (50 mg/kg).
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Brockmueller A, Mueller AL, Kunnumakkara AB, Aggarwal BB, Shakibaei M. Multifunctionality of Calebin A in inflammation, chronic diseases and cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:962066. [PMID: 36185259 PMCID: PMC9523377 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.962066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic diseases including cancer have high case numbers as well as mortality rates. The efficient treatment of chronic diseases is a major ongoing medical challenge worldwide, because of their complexity and many inflammatory pathways such as JNK, p38/MAPK, MEK/ERK, JAK/STAT3, PI3K and NF-κB among others being implicated in their pathogenesis. Together with the versatility of chronic disease classical mono-target therapies are often insufficient. Therefore, the anti-inflammatory as well as anti-cancer capacities of polyphenols are currently investigated to complement and improve the effect of classical anti-inflammatory drugs, chemotherapeutic agents or to overcome drug resistance of cancer cells. Currently, research on Calebin A, a polyphenolic component of turmeric (Curcuma longa), is becoming of growing interest with regard to novel treatment strategies and has already been shown health-promoting as well as anti-tumor properties, including anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, in diverse cancer cells. Within this review, we describe already known anti-inflammatory activities of Calebin A via modulation of NF-κB and its associated signaling pathways, linked with TNF-α, TNF-β and COX-2 and further summarize Calebin A’s tumor-inhibiting properties that are known up to date such as reduction of cancer cell viability, proliferation as well as metastasis. We also shed light on possible future prospects of Calebin A as an anti-cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aranka Brockmueller
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Mueller
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Guwahati, Guwahati, India
| | | | - Mehdi Shakibaei
- Musculoskeletal Research Group and Tumor Biology, Chair of Vegetative Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Mehdi Shakibaei,
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