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Mishra V, Adlakha N. Cross Talking Calcium, IP 3 and Buffer Dynamics Alters ATP and NADH Level in Obese and Normal Hepatocyte Cell. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01306-9. [PMID: 38789660 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01306-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The cross talk between calcium (Ca2+), IP3 and buffer dynamics regulate various mechanisms in hepatocyte cells. The study of independent systems of calcium, IP3, and buffer signaling provides limited information about cell dynamics. In the current study, coupled reaction-diffusion equations are used to design a cross-talk model for IP3, buffer, and calcium dynamics in a hepatocyte cell. The one-way feedback of calcium, buffer, and IP3 in ATP production, ATP degradation, and NADH production rate is incorporated into the model. Numerical simulation has been done using the Finite Element Method (FEM) along the spatial direction and the Crank-Nicolson (C-N) method along the temporal direction. The numerical results are analysed to determine the effects of alterations in processes of cross-talking dynamics of IP3, buffer, and calcium on ATP and NADH production and degradation rate of ATP in a hepatocyte cell under normal and obesity conditions. The comparative analysis of these findings unveils notable distinctions induced by obesity in calcium dynamics, ATP and NADH synthesis, and ATP degradation kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedika Mishra
- Department of Mathematics, SVNIT, Surat, 395007, Gujarat, India.
| | - Neeru Adlakha
- Department of Mathematics, SVNIT, Surat, 395007, Gujarat, India
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2
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Voicu SN, Gheran CV, Balta C, Hermenean A, Callewaert M, Chuburu F, Dinischiotu A. In Vivo Evaluation of Innovative Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents Designed for Bioimaging Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1064. [PMID: 38674983 PMCID: PMC11054998 DOI: 10.3390/polym16081064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was the investigation of biochemical and histological changes induced in different tissues, as a result of the subcutaneous administration of Gd nanohydrogels (GdDOTA⸦CS-TPP/HA) in a CD-1 mouse strain. The nanohydrogels were obtained by encapsulating contrast agents (GdDOTA) in a biocompatible polymer matrix composed of chitosan (CS) and hyaluronic acid (HA) through the ionic gelation process. The effects of Gd nanohydrogels on the redox status were evaluated by measuring specific activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as oxidative stress markers, such as reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), and protein-reactive carbonyl groups (PRCG), in the liver, kidney, and heart tissues. The nitrosylated proteins expression were analyzed with Western Blot and the serum biochemical markers were measured with spectrophotometric methods. Also, a histological analysis of CD-1 mouse tissues was investigated. These results indicated that Gd nanohydrogels could potentially be an alternative to current MRI contrast agents thanks to their low toxicity in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sorina Nicoleta Voicu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (S.N.V.); (C.V.G.)
| | - Cecilia Virginia Gheran
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (S.N.V.); (C.V.G.)
| | - Cornel Balta
- Department of Experimental and Applied Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu, 310414 Arad, Romania; (C.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Anca Hermenean
- Department of Experimental and Applied Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 86 Rebreanu, 310414 Arad, Romania; (C.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Maité Callewaert
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, CNRS UMR 7312, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne URCA, CEDEX 2, F-51685 Reims, France; (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Françoise Chuburu
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Reims, CNRS UMR 7312, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne URCA, CEDEX 2, F-51685 Reims, France; (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Anca Dinischiotu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (S.N.V.); (C.V.G.)
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Humbert A, Lefebvre R, Nawrot M, Caussy C, Rieusset J. Calcium signalling in hepatic metabolism: Health and diseases. Cell Calcium 2023; 114:102780. [PMID: 37506596 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2023.102780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The flexibility between the wide array of hepatic functions relies on calcium (Ca2+) signalling. Indeed, Ca2+ is implicated in the control of many intracellular functions as well as intercellular communication. Thus, hepatocytes adapt their Ca2+ signalling depending on their nutritional and hormonal environment, leading to opposite cellular functions, such as glucose storage or synthesis. Interestingly, hepatic metabolic diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, are associated with impaired Ca2+ signalling. Here, we present the hepatocytes' toolkit for Ca2+ signalling, complete with regulation systems and signalling pathways activated by nutrients and hormones. We further discuss the current knowledge on the molecular mechanisms leading to alterations of Ca2+ signalling in hepatic metabolic diseases, and review the literature on the clinical impact of Ca2+-targeting therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Humbert
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U-1060, INRAE U-1397, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Rémy Lefebvre
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U-1060, INRAE U-1397, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Margaux Nawrot
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U-1060, INRAE U-1397, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Cyrielle Caussy
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U-1060, INRAE U-1397, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France; Département Endocrinologie, Diabète et Nutrition, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Hôpital Lyon Sud, Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - Jennifer Rieusset
- Laboratoire CarMeN, INSERM U-1060, INRAE U-1397, Université Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Pierre-Bénite, France.
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Liu Y, Lyu Y, Zhu L, Wang H. Role of TRP Channels in Liver-Related Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12509. [PMID: 37569884 PMCID: PMC10420300 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The liver plays a crucial role in preserving the homeostasis of an entire organism by metabolizing both endogenous and exogenous substances, a process that relies on the harmonious interactions of hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), Kupffer cells (KCs), and vascular endothelial cells (ECs). The disruption of the liver's normal structure and function by diverse pathogenic factors imposes a significant healthcare burden. At present, most of the treatments for liver disease are palliative in nature, rather than curative or restorative. Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, which are extensively expressed in the liver, play a crucial role in regulating intracellular cation concentration and serve as the origin or intermediary stage of certain signaling pathways that contribute to liver diseases. This review provides an overview of recent developments in liver disease research, as well as an examination of the expression and function of TRP channels in various liver cell types. Furthermore, we elucidate the molecular mechanism by which TRP channels mediate liver injury, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Ultimately, the present discourse delves into the current state of research and extant issues pertaining to the targeting of TRP channels in the treatment of liver diseases and other ailments. Despite the numerous obstacles encountered, TRP channels persist as an extremely important target for forthcoming clinical interventions aimed at treating liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Yihan Lyu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.)
| | - Lijuan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Diseases, MOE, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China;
| | - Hongmei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China; (Y.L.); (Y.L.)
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Effect of Abscisic Acid on Growth, Fatty Acid Profile, and Pigment Composition of the Chlorophyte Chlorella (Chromochloris) zofingiensis and Its Co-Culture Microbiome. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020452. [PMID: 36836809 PMCID: PMC9962398 DOI: 10.3390/life13020452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Microalga Chlorella (Chromochloris) zofingiensis has been gaining increasing attention of investigators as a potential competitor to Haematococcus pluvialis for astaxanthin and other xanthophylls production. Phytohormones, including abscisic acid (ABA), at concentrations relevant to that in hydroponic wastewater, have proven themselves as strong inductors of microalgae biomass productivity and biosynthesis of valuable molecules. The main goal of this research was to evaluate the influence of phytohormone ABA on the physiology of C. zofingiensis in a non-aseptic batch experiment. Exogenous ABA stimulated C. zofingiensis cell division, biomass production, as well as chlorophyll, carotenoid, and lipid biosynthesis. The relationship between exogenous ABA concentration and the magnitude of the observed effects was non-linear, with the exception of cell growth and biomass production. Fatty acid accumulation and composition depended on the concentration of ABA tested. Exogenous ABA induced spectacular changes in the major components of the culture microbiome of C. zofingiensis. Thus, the abundance of the representatives of the genus Rhodococcus increased drastically with an increase in ABA concentration, whereas the abundance of the representatives of Reyranella and Bradyrhizobium genera declined. The possibilities of exogenous ABA applications for the enhancing of the biomass, carotenoid, and fatty acid productivity of the C. zofingiensis cultures are discussed.
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Chen P, Li S, Zhou Z, Wang X, Shi D, Li Z, Li X, Xiao Y. Liver fat metabolism of broilers regulated by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TL via stimulating IGF-1 secretion and regulating the IGF signaling pathway. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:958112. [PMID: 35966703 PMCID: PMC9363834 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.958112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens TL (B.A-TL) is well-known for its capability of promoting protein synthesis and lipid metabolism, in particular, the abdominal fat deposition in broilers. However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. In our study, the regulations of lipid metabolism of broilers by B.A-TL were explored both in vivo and in vitro. The metabolites of B.A-TL were used to simulate in vitro the effect of B.A-TL on liver metabolism based on the chicken hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (i.e., LMH cells). The effects of B.A-TL on lipid metabolism by regulating insulin/IGF signaling pathways were investigated by applying the signal pathway inhibitors in vitro. The results showed that the B.A-TL metabolites enhanced hepatic lipid synthesis and stimulated the secretion of IGF-1. The liver transcriptome analysis revealed the significantly upregulated expressions of four genes (SI, AMY2A, PCK1, and FASN) in the B.A-TL treatment group, mainly involved in carbohydrate digestion and absorption as well as biomacromolecule metabolism, with a particularly prominent effect on fatty acid synthase (FASN). Results of cellular assays showed that B.A-TL metabolites were involved in the insulin/IGF signaling pathway, regulating the expressions of lipid metabolism genes (e.g., FASN, ACCα, LPIN, and ACOX) and the FASN protein, ultimately regulating the lipid metabolism via the IGF/PI3K/FASN pathway in broilers.
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Kinetic mechanisms by which nickel alters the calcium (Ca 2+) transport in intact rat liver. J Biol Inorg Chem 2021; 26:641-658. [PMID: 34304317 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-021-01883-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, the multiple-indicator dilution (MID) technique was used to investigate the kinetic mechanisms by which nickel (Ni2+) affects the calcium (Ca2+) transport in intact rat liver. 45Ca2+ and extra- and intracellular space indicators were injected in livers perfused with 1 mM Ni2+, and the outflow profiles were analyzed by a mathematical model. For comparative purposes, the effects of norepinephrine were measured. The influence of Ni2+ on the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c) in human hepatoma Huh7 cells and on liver glycogen catabolism, a biological response sensitive to cellular Ca2+, was also evaluated. The estimated transfer coefficients of 45Ca2+ transport indicated two mechanisms by which Ni2+ increases the [Ca2+]c in liver under steady-state conditions: (1) an increase in the net efflux of Ca2+ from intracellular Ca2+ stores due to a stimulus of Ca2+ efflux to the cytosolic space along with a diminution of Ca2+ re-entry into the cellular Ca2+ stores; (2) a decrease in Ca2+ efflux from the cytosolic space to vascular space, minimizing Ca2+ loss. Glycogen catabolism activated by Ni2+ was transient contrasting with the sustained activation induced by norepinephrine. Ni2+ caused a partial reduction in the norepinephrine-induced stimulation in the [Ca2+]c in Huh7 cells. Our data revealed that the kinetic parameters of Ca2+ transport modified by Ni2+ in intact liver are similar to those modified by norepinephrine in its first minutes of action, but the membrane receptors or Ca2+ transporters affected by Ni2+ seem to be distinct from those known to be modulated by norepinephrine.
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Zhang K, Liu C, Yang T, Li X, Wei L, Chen D, Zhou J, Yin Y, Yu X, Li F. Systematically explore the potential hepatotoxic material basis and molecular mechanism of Radix Aconiti Lateralis based on the concept of toxicological evidence chain (TEC). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 205:111342. [PMID: 32971455 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Radix aconiti lateralis (Fuzi) is widely used in China as a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of asthenia, pain and inflammation. However, its toxic alkaloids often lead to adverse reactions. Currently, most of the toxicity studies on Fuzi are focused on the heart and nervous system, and more comprehensive toxicity studies are needed. In this study, based on the previous reports of Fuzi hepatotoxicity, serum pharmacochemistry and network toxicology were used to screen the potential toxic components of Heishunpian(HSP), a processed product of Fuzi, and to explore the possible mechanism of HSP-induced hepatotoxicity. The results obtained are expressed based on the toxicological evidence chain (TEC). It was found that 22 potential toxic components screened can affect Th17 cell differentiation, Jak-STAT signaling pathway, glutathione metabolism, and other related pathways by regulating AKT1, IL2, F2, GSR, EGFR and other related targets, which induces oxidative stress, metabolic disorders, cell apoptosis, immune response, and excessive release of inflammatory factors, eventually inducing liver damage in rats. This is the first study on HSP-induced hepatotoxicity based on the TEC concept, providing references for further studies on the toxicity mechanism of Fuzi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Liangxiang Town, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Chuanxin Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Liangxiang Town, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Tiange Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Liangxiang Town, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Xinxin Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Liangxiang Town, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Longyin Wei
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Liangxiang Town, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Dongling Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Liangxiang Town, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Jiali Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Liangxiang Town, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yihui Yin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Liangxiang Town, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Xinyu Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Liangxiang Town, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Fei Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Liangxiang Town, Fangshan District, Beijing, 102488, China.
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Rojas JJ, Vargas-Lagos C, Martínez D, Oyarzún-Salazar R, Pontigo JP, Morera F, Vargas-Chacoff L. Francisella noatunensis subsp. noatunensis triggers calcium metabolism gene modulation in Eleginops maclovinus. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2020; 250:110805. [PMID: 32927078 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2020.110805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Francisella noatunensis subsp. noatunensis is the responsible agent of Francisellosis, a bacterial disease that affects an important amount of aquatic farmed species. Eleginops maclovinus is a fish that cohabits with salmonids cages in Chile and can also act as a vector of this bacterial disease. In the present study, we evaluated calcium metabolism in the liver of E. maclovinus injected intraperitoneally with different doses of F. noatunensis subsp. noatunensis (low 1.5 × 101, medium 1.5 × 105 and high doses 1.5 × 1010 cells/μL). Fish were sampled at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post injection (dpi). No mortalities nor clinical signs were observed. Plasma calcium levels were higher in the high doses group of F. noatunensis subsp. noatunensis at day 7 and 14 compared to the control group (fish injected with bacterial medium alone). Hypercalcemic factors increased at day 14 and 21 for the medium and low dose (parathyroid hormone-related protein precursor), while vitamin D3 receptor increased its expression at times 1, 3 and 7 for the low dose. On the other hand, hypocalcemic factors such as calcitonin receptor and stanniocalcin increased its expression at time 7 and 14, respectively. Calmodulin involved in calcium storage decreased its expression during all experimental days in fish subjected to high bacterial dose. Proteins involved in calcium transport, such as L-type voltage-gated calcium channel and trpv5 increased their transcription at day 1 and 14, compared to calcium sensing-receptor and plasma membrane Ca2 +- ATPase that showed peak expression at times 14 and 28. The results suggest a clear alteration of calcium metabolism, mainly in high bacterial doses. This study provides new knowledge about the calcium metabolism in fish infected with bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan José Rojas
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro FONDAP-IDEAL, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
| | - Carolina Vargas-Lagos
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro FONDAP-IDEAL, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Danixa Martínez
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro FONDAP-IDEAL, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Ricardo Oyarzún-Salazar
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro FONDAP-IDEAL, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Universidad Austral de Chile, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Pontigo
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Laboratorio de Biotecnología Aplicada, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad San Sebastián, Puerto Montt, Chile
| | - Francisco Morera
- Instituto de Farmacología y Morfofisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Luis Vargas-Chacoff
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Centro FONDAP-IDEAL, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
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Ali ES, Rychkov GY, Barritt GJ. Deranged hepatocyte intracellular Ca 2+ homeostasis and the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease to hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Calcium 2019; 82:102057. [PMID: 31401389 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2019.102057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men, and the sixth in women. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is now one of the major risk factors for HCC. NAFLD, which involves the accumulation of excess lipid in cytoplasmic lipid droplets in hepatocytes, can progress to non-alcoholic steatosis, fibrosis, and HCC. Changes in intracellular Ca2+ constitute important signaling pathways for the regulation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in normal hepatocytes. Recent studies of steatotic hepatocytes have identified lipid-induced changes in intracellular Ca2+, and have provided evidence that altered Ca2+ signaling exacerbates lipid accumulation and may promote HCC. The aims of this review are to summarise current knowledge of the lipid-induced changes in hepatocyte Ca2+ homeostasis, to comment on the mechanisms involved, and discuss the pathways leading from altered Ca2+ homeostasis to enhanced lipid accumulation and the potential promotion of HCC. In steatotic hepatocytes, lipid inhibits store-operated Ca2+ entry and SERCA2b, and activates Ca2+ efflux from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and its transfer to mitochondria. These changes are associated with changes in Ca2+ concentrations in the ER (decreased), cytoplasmic space (increased) and mitochondria (likely increased). They lead to: inhibition of lipolysis, lipid autophagy, lipid oxidation, and lipid secretion; activation of lipogenesis; increased lipid; ER stress, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), activation of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent kinases and activation of transcription factor Nrf2. These all can potentially mediate the transition of NAFLD to HCC. It is concluded that lipid-induced changes in hepatocyte Ca2+ homeostasis are important in the initiation and progression of HCC. Further research is desirable to better understand the cause and effect relationships, the time courses and mechanisms involved, and the potential of Ca2+ transporters, channels, and binding proteins as targets for pharmacological intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunus S Ali
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia
| | - Grigori Y Rychkov
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, and South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, 5005, Australia
| | - Greg J Barritt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia.
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Ali ES, Petrovsky N. Calcium Signaling As a Therapeutic Target for Liver Steatosis. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2019; 30:270-281. [PMID: 30850262 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatic steatosis, the first step in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), can arise from various pathophysiological conditions. While lipid metabolism in the liver is normally balanced such that there is no excessive lipid accumulation, when this homeostasis is disrupted lipid droplets (LDs) accumulate in hepatocytes resulting in cellular toxicity. The mechanisms underlying this accumulation and the subsequent hepatocellular damage are multifactorial and poorly understood, with the result that there are no currently approved treatments for NAFLD. Impaired calcium signaling has recently been identified as a cause of increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress contributing to hepatic lipid accumulation. This review highlights new findings on the role of impaired Ca2+ signaling in the development of steatosis and discusses potential new approaches to NAFLD treatment based on these new insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunüs S Ali
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Nikolai Petrovsky
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Vaxine Pty Ltd, 11 Walkley Avenue, Warradale, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
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12
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Rampes S, Ma D. Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in liver transplant setting: mechanisms and protective strategies. J Biomed Res 2019; 33:221-234. [PMID: 32383437 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.32.20180087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury is a major cause of liver transplant failure, and is of increasing significance due to increased use of expanded criteria livers for transplantation. This review summarizes the mechanisms and protective strategies for hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in the context of liver transplantation. Pharmacological therapies, the use of pre-and post-conditioning and machine perfusion are discussed as protective strategies. The use of machine perfusion offers significant potential in the reconditioning of liver grafts and the prevention of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury, and is an exciting and active area of research, which needs more study clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanketh Rampes
- Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 1U, UK
| | - Daqing Ma
- Anaesthetics, Pain Medicine and Intensive Care, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London SW10 9NH, UK
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13
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Vajanthri KY, Yadav P, Poddar S, Mahto SK. Development of optically sensitive liver cells. Tissue Cell 2018; 52:129-134. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2018.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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14
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Fouda AM, Youssef AR, Sharaf Eldin O. Comparative study of amlodipine vs. cilnidipine for the prevention of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat model. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2017; 32:163-173. [PMID: 29172244 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Revised: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Ca2+ signaling plays crucial role in ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury. Although blockade of L-type Ca2+ channels by amlodipine (AML) has been shown to suppress hepatic I/R injury in several animal models, information is still needed regarding the hepatoprotective effects of the dual L/N-type Ca2+ channel blockers, cilnidipine (CIL). We examined the effect of pretreatment with AML or CIL (100 μg/kg i.p.) 45 min before induction of 60 min of liver ischemia followed by reperfusion, on oxidative stress markers, liver enzymes, serum tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, apoptosis markers, and nuclear factor KB after 6 and 24 h of hepatic reperfusion. Both drugs significantly ameliorated biochemical and histological markers of hepatic I/R injury, but protection with CIL was more significant at the 6-h time point where protection with AML outlasted that of CIL. Both drugs offered significant protection against hepatic I/R damage, but the protection with CIL seemed more potent but of shorter duration than that observed with AML possibly due to the shorter half-life of CIL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Motaal Fouda
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | - Amany R Youssef
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | - Osama Sharaf Eldin
- Pathology Department, Weston General Hospital Grange Road BS23 4TQ, UK.,Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
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15
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Zhao P, Ye T, Yan X, Hu X, Liu P, Wang X. HMGB1 release by H 2O 2-induced hepatocytes is regulated through calcium overload and 58-F interference. Cell Death Discov 2017; 3:17008. [PMID: 28417016 PMCID: PMC5385391 DOI: 10.1038/cddiscovery.2017.8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
HMGB1 is passively released by injured or dying cells and aggravates inflammatory processes. The release of HMGB1 and calcium overload have each been reported to be important mediators of H2O2-induced injury. However, a potential connection between these two processes remains to be elucidated. In the present study, we employed H2O2-induced hepatocytes to investigate how calcium overload takes place during cellular injury and how the extracellular release of HMGB1 is regulated by this overload. In addition, we investigated the use of 58-F, a flavanone extracted from Ophiopogon japonicus, as a potential therapeutic drug. We show that the PLCγ1-IP3R-SOC signalling pathway participates in the H2O2-induced disturbance of calcium homoeostasis and leads to calcium overload in hepatocytes. After a rise in intracellular calcium, two calcium-dependent enzymes, PKCα and CaMKIV, are activated and translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus to modify HMGB1 phosphorylation. In turn, this promotes HMGB1 translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and subsequent extracellular release. 58-F effectively rescued the hepatocytes by suppressing the PLCγ1-IP3R-SOC signalling pathway and decreasing the calcium concentration in cells, thus reducing HMGB1 release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhao
- The Public Experiment Platform, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Tingjie Ye
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yan
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xudong Hu
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Liver and Kidney Diseases (Ministry of Education), Institute of Liver Diseases, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.,E-institute of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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16
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Metabolic Disorders and Cancer: Hepatocyte Store-Operated Ca2+ Channels in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 993:595-621. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-57732-6_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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17
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Jemnitz K, Bátai-Konczos A, Szabó M, Ioja E, Kolacsek O, Orbán TI, Török G, Homolya L, Kovács E, Jablonkai I, Veres Z. A transgenic rat hepatocyte - Kupffer cell co-culture model for evaluation of direct and macrophage-related effect of poly(amidoamine) dendrimers. Toxicol In Vitro 2016; 38:159-169. [PMID: 27717685 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Increasing number of papers demonstrate that Kupffer cells (KCs) play a role in the development of drug induced liver injury (DILI). Furthermore, elevated intracellular Ca2+ level of hepatocytes is considered as a common marker of DILI. Here we applied an in vitro model based on hepatocyte mono- and hepatocyte/KC co-cultures (H/KC) isolated from transgenic rats stably expressing the GCaMP2 fluorescent Ca2+ sensor protein to investigate the effects of polycationic (G5), polyanionic (G4.5) and polyethylene-glycol coated neutral (G5 Peg) dendrimers known to accumulate in the liver, primarily in KCs. Following dendrimer exposure, hepatocyte homeostasis was measured by MTT cytotoxicity assay and by Ca2+ imaging, while hepatocyte functions were studied by CYP2B1/2 inducibility, and bilirubin and taurocholate transport. G5 was significantly more cytotoxic than G4.5 for hepatocytes and induced Ca2+ oscillation and sustained Ca2+ signals at 1μM and10 μM, respectively both in hepatocytes and KCs. Dendrimer-induced Ca2+ signals in hepatocytes were attenuated by macrophages. Activation of KCs by lipopolysaccharide and G5 decreased the inducibility of CYP2B1/2, which was restored by depleting the KCs with gadolinium-chloride and pentoxyphylline, suggesting a role of macrophages in the hindrance of CYP2B1/2 induction by G5 and lipopolysaccharide. In the H/KC, but not in the hepatocyte mono-culture, G5 reduced the canalicular efflux of bilirubin and stimulated the uptake and canalicular efflux of taurocholate. In conclusion, H/KC provides a good model for the prediction of hepatotoxic potential of drugs, especially of nanomaterials known to be trapped by macrophages, activation of which presumably contributes to DILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katalin Jemnitz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Attila Bátai-Konczos
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mónika Szabó
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Enikő Ioja
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Kolacsek
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás I Orbán
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Török
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Homolya
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - István Jablonkai
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Veres
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
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18
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Ali ES, Hua J, Wilson CH, Tallis GA, Zhou FH, Rychkov GY, Barritt GJ. The glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue exendin-4 reverses impaired intracellular Ca(2+) signalling in steatotic hepatocytes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2016; 1863:2135-46. [PMID: 27178543 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The release of Ca(2+) from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and subsequent replenishment of ER Ca(2+) by Ca(2+) entry through store-operated Ca(2+) channels (SOCE) play critical roles in the regulation of liver metabolism by adrenaline, glucagon and other hormones. Both ER Ca(2+) release and Ca(2+) entry are severely inhibited in steatotic hepatocytes. Exendin-4, a slowly-metabolised glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue, is known to reduce liver glucose output and liver lipid, but the mechanisms involved are not well understood. The aim of this study was to determine whether exendin-4 alters intracellular Ca(2+) homeostasis in steatotic hepatocytes, and to evaluate the mechanisms involved. Exendin-4 completely reversed lipid-induced inhibition of SOCE in steatotic liver cells, but did not reverse lipid-induced inhibition of ER Ca(2+) release. The action of exendin-4 on Ca(2+) entry was rapid in onset and was mimicked by GLP-1 or dibutyryl cyclic AMP. In steatotic liver cells, exendin-4 caused a rapid decrease in lipid (half time 6.5min), inhibited the accumulation of lipid in liver cells incubated in the presence of palmitate plus the SOCE inhibitor BTP-2, and enhanced the formation of cyclic AMP. Hormone-stimulated accumulation of extracellular glucose in glycogen replete steatotic liver cells was inhibited compared to that in non-steatotic cells, and this effect of lipid was reversed by exendin-4. It is concluded that, in steatotic hepatocytes, exendin-4 reverses the lipid-induced inhibition of SOCE leading to restoration of hormone-regulated cytoplasmic Ca(2+) signalling. The mechanism may involve GLP-1 receptors, cyclic AMP, lipolysis, decreased diacylglycerol and decreased activity of protein kinase C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunüs S Ali
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Centre for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Jin Hua
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Centre for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia
| | - Claire H Wilson
- Molecular Regulation Laboratory, Centre for Cancer Biology, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia
| | - George A Tallis
- Medical Biochemistry, SA Pathology, Finders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia 5042, Australia
| | - Fiona H Zhou
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, and South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Grigori Y Rychkov
- School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, and South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia
| | - Greg J Barritt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Centre for Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia.
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19
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Badr H, Kozai D, Sakaguchi R, Numata T, Mori Y. Different Contribution of Redox-Sensitive Transient Receptor Potential Channels to Acetaminophen-Induced Death of Human Hepatoma Cell Line. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:19. [PMID: 26903865 PMCID: PMC4746322 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is a safe analgesic antipyretic drug at prescribed doses. Its overdose, however, can cause life-threatening liver damage. Though, involvement of oxidative stress is widely acknowledged in APAP-induced hepatocellular death, the mechanism of this increased oxidative stress and the associated alterations in Ca2+ homeostasis are still unclear. Among members of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels activated in response to oxidative stress, we here identify that redox-sensitive TRPV1, TRPC1, TRPM2, and TRPM7 channels underlie Ca2+ entry and downstream cellular damages induced by APAP in human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. Our data indicate that APAP treatment of HepG2 cells resulted in increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glutathione (GSH) depletion, and Ca2+ entry leading to increased apoptotic cell death. These responses were significantly suppressed by pretreatment with the ROS scavengers N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and 4,5-dihydroxy-1,3-benzene disulfonic acid disodium salt monohydrate (Tiron), and also by preincubation of cells with the glutathione inducer Dimethylfumarate (DMF). TRP subtype-targeted pharmacological blockers and siRNAs strategy revealed that suppression of either TRPV1, TRPC1, TRPM2, or TRPM7 reduced APAP-induced ROS formation, Ca2+ influx, and cell death; the effects of suppression of TRPV1 or TRPC1, known to be activated by oxidative cysteine modifications, were stronger than those of TRPM2 or TRPM7. Interestingly, TRPV1 and TRPC1 were labeled by the cysteine-selective modification reagent, 5,5′-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid)-2biotin (DTNB-2Bio), and this was attenuated by pretreatment with APAP, suggesting that APAP and/or its oxidized metabolites act directly on the modification target cysteine residues of TRPV1 and TRPC1 proteins. In human liver tissue, TRPV1, TRPC1, TRPM2, and TRPM7 channels transcripts were localized mainly to hepatocytes and Kupffer cells. Our findings strongly suggest that APAP-induced Ca2+ entry and subsequent hepatocellular death are regulated by multiple redox-activated cation channels, among which TRPV1 and TRPC1 play a prominent role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Badr
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kozai
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Kyoto, Japan
| | - Reiko Sakaguchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversityKyoto, Japan; World Premier International Research Initiative-Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto UniversityKyoto, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Numata
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversityKyoto, Japan; Laboratory of Environmental Systems Biology, Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto UniversityKyoto, Japan
| | - Yasuo Mori
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto UniversityKyoto, Japan; World Premier International Research Initiative-Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences, Kyoto UniversityKyoto, Japan; Laboratory of Environmental Systems Biology, Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto UniversityKyoto, Japan
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20
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Ion Channels and Oxidative Stress as a Potential Link for the Diagnosis or Treatment of Liver Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:3928714. [PMID: 26881024 PMCID: PMC4736365 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3928714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress results from a disturbed balance between oxidation and antioxidant systems. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) may be either harmful or beneficial to the cells. Ion channels are transmembrane proteins that participate in a large variety of cellular functions and have been implicated in the development of a variety of diseases. A significant amount of the available drugs in the market targets ion channels. These proteins have sulfhydryl groups of cysteine and methionine residues in their structure that can be targeted by ROS and RNS altering channel function including gating and conducting properties, as well as the corresponding signaling pathways associated. The regulation of ion channels by ROS has been suggested to be associated with some pathological conditions including liver diseases. This review focuses on understanding the role and the potential association of ion channels and oxidative stress in liver diseases including fibrosis, alcoholic liver disease, and cancer. The potential association between ion channels and oxidative stress conditions could be used to develop new treatments for major liver diseases.
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21
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Yi X, Zhang Y, Zhong C, Zhong X, Xiao F. The role of STIM1 in the Cr(vi)-induced [Ca2+]iincrease and cell injury in L-02 hepatocytes. Metallomics 2016; 8:1273-1282. [DOI: 10.1039/c6mt00204h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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22
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Ge W, Yuan M, Ceylan AF, Wang X, Ren J. Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase protects against doxorubicin cardiotoxicity through a transient receptor potential channel vanilloid 1-mediated mechanism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1862:622-634. [PMID: 26692169 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Revised: 11/25/2015] [Accepted: 12/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cardiotoxicity is one of the major life-threatening effects encountered in cancer chemotherapy with doxorubicin and other anthracyclines. Mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) may alleviate doxorubicin toxicity although the mechanism remains elusive. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of ALDH2 overexpression on doxorubicin-induced myocardial damage with a focus on mitochondrial injury. Wild-type (WT) and transgenic mice overexpressing ALDH2 driven by chicken β-actin promoter were challenged with doxorubicin (15mg/kg, single i.p. injection, for 6days) and cardiac mechanical function was assessed using the echocardiographic and IonOptix systems. Western blot analysis was used to evaluate intracellular Ca(2+) regulatory and mitochondrial proteins, PKA and its downstream signal eNOS. Doxorubicin challenge altered cardiac geometry and function evidenced by enlarged left ventricular end systolic and diastolic diameters, decreased factional shortening, cell shortening and intracellular Ca(2+) rise, prolonged relengthening and intracellular Ca(2+) decay, the effects of which were attenuated by ALDH2. Doxorubicin challenge compromised mitochondrial integrity and upregulated 4-HNE and UCP-2 levels while downregulating levels of TRPV1, SERCA2a and PGC-1α, the effects of which were alleviated by ALDH2. Doxorubicin-induced cardiac functional defect and apoptosis were reversed by the TRPV1 agonist SA13353 and the ALDH-2 agonist Alda-1 whereas the TRPV1 antagonist capsazepine nullified ALDH2/Alda-1-induced protection. Doxorubicin suppressed phosphorylation of PKA and eNOS, the effect of which was reversed by ALDH2. Moreover, 4-HNE mimicked doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte anomalies, the effect of which was ablated by SA13353. Taken together, our results suggested that ALDH2 may rescue against doxorubicin cardiac toxicity possibly through a TRPV1-mediated protection of mitochondrial integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ge
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Ming Yuan
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Asli F Ceylan
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Geriatrics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China; Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
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23
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Cui R, Yan L, Luo Z, Guo X, Yan M. Blockade of store-operated calcium entry alleviates ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity via inhibiting apoptosis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2015; 287:52-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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24
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Mori Y, Takahashi N, Polat OK, Kurokawa T, Takeda N, Inoue M. Redox-sensitive transient receptor potential channels in oxygen sensing and adaptation. Pflugers Arch 2015; 468:85-97. [PMID: 26149285 PMCID: PMC4700073 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-015-1716-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Regulation of ion channels is central to the mechanisms that underlie immediate acute physiological responses to changes in the availability of molecular oxygen (O2). A group of cation-permeable channels that are formed by transient receptor potential (TRP) proteins have been characterized as exquisite sensors of redox reactive species and as efficient actuators of electric/ionic signals in vivo. In this review, we first discuss how redox-sensitive TRP channels such as TRPA1 have recently emerged as sensors of the relatively inert oxidant O2. With regard to the physiological significance of O2 sensor TRP channels, vagal TRPA1 channels are mainly discussed with respect to their role in respiratory regulation in comparison with canonical pathways in glomus cells of the carotid body, which is a well-established O2-sensing organ. TRPM7 channels are discussed regarding hypoxia-sensing function in ischemic cell death. Also, ubiquitous expression of TRPA1 and TRPM7 together with their physiological relevance in the body is examined. Finally, based upon these studies on TRP channels, we propose a hypothesis of “O2 remodeling.” The hypothesis is that cells detect deviation of O2 availability from appropriate levels via sensors and adjust local O2 environments in vivo by controlling supply and consumption of O2 via pathways comprising cellular signals and transcription factors downstream of sensors, which consequently optimize physiological functions. This new insight into O2 adaptation through ion channels, particularly TRPs, may foster a paradigm shift in our understanding in the biological significance of O2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuo Mori
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.
- Laboratory of Environmental Systems Biology, Department of Technology and Ecology, Hall of Global Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.
| | - Nobuaki Takahashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Onur Kerem Polat
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Tatsuki Kurokawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan
| | - Norihiko Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Masahiro Inoue
- Department of Biochemistry, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Higashinari-ku, Osaka, 537-8511, Japan
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25
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Sun DP, Li XX, Liu XL, Zhao D, Qiu FQ, Li Y, Ma P. Gypenosides induce apoptosis by ca2+ overload mediated by endoplasmic-reticulum and store-operated ca2+ channels in human hepatoma cells. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2015; 28:320-6. [PMID: 25310348 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2012.1327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Gypenosides (Gyps) are triterpenoid saponins contained in an extract from Gynostemma pentaphyllum Makino and reported to induce apoptosis in human hepatoma cells through Ca(2+)-implicated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondria-dependent pathways. The mechanism underlying the Gyp-increased intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) is unclear. Here, we examined Gyp-induced necrosis and apoptosis in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. Gyp-induced apoptotic cell death was accompanied by a sustained increase in [Ca(2+)]i level. Gyp-increased [Ca(2+)]i level was partly inhibited by removal of extracellular Ca(2+) by Ca(2+) chelator EGTA, store-operated Ca(2+) channel (SOC) inhibitor 2- aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB), and ER Ca(2+)-release-antagonist 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid 8-(diethylamino) octyl ester (TMB-8). The strongest inhibitory effect was observed with TMB-8. EGTA, 2-APB, and TMB-8 also protected against Gyp-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells. The combination of 2-APB and TMB-8 almost completely abolished the Gyp-induced Ca(2+) response and apoptosis. In contrast, the sarco/endoplasmic-reticulum-Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) inhibitor thapsigargin slightly elevated Gyp-induced [Ca(2+)]i increase and apoptosis in HepG2 cells. Exposure to 300 μg/mL Gyp for 24 hours upregulated protein levels of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor and SOC and downregulated that of SERCA for at least 72 hours. Thus, Gyp-induced increase in [Ca(2+)]i level and consequent apoptosis in HepG2 cells may be mainly due to enhanced Ca(2+) release from ER stores and increased store-operated Ca(2+) entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Peng Sun
- 1 Cancer Research Institute, First Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University , Shenyang, People's Republic of China
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26
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Mohammed NEM, Messiha BAS, Abo-Saif AA. Effect of amlodipine, lisinopril and allopurinol on acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Saudi Pharm J 2015; 24:635-644. [PMID: 27829805 PMCID: PMC5094429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to chemotherapeutic agents such as acetaminophen may lead to serious liver injury. Calcium deregulation, angiotensin II production and xanthine oxidase activity are suggested to play mechanistic roles in such injury. Objective This study evaluates the possible protective effects of the calcium channel blocker amlodipine, the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor lisinopril, and the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol against experimental acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity, aiming to understand its underlying hepatotoxic mechanisms. Material and methods Animals were allocated into a normal control group, a acetaminophen hepatotoxicity control group (receiving a single oral dose of acetaminophen; 750 mg/kg/day), and four treatment groups receive N-acetylcysteine (300 mg/kg/day; a reference standard), amlodipine (10 mg/kg/day), lisinopril (20 mg/kg/day) and allopurinol (50 mg/kg/day) orally for 14 consecutive days prior to acetaminophen administration. Evaluation of hepatotoxicity was performed by the assessment of hepatocyte integrity markers (serum transaminases), oxidative stress markers (hepatic malondialdehyde, glutathione and catalase), and inflammatory markers (hepatic myeloperoxidase and nitrate/nitrite), in addition to a histopathological study. Results Rats pre-treated with amlodipine, lisinopril or allopurinol showed significantly lower serum transaminases, significantly lower hepatic malondialdehyde, myeloperoxidase and nitrate/nitrite, as well as significantly higher hepatic glutathione and catalase levels, compared with acetaminophen control rats. Serum transaminases were normalized in the lisinopril treatment group, while hepatic myeloperoxidase was normalized in the all treatment groups. Histopathological evaluation strongly supported the results of biochemical estimations. Conclusion Amlodipine, lisinopril or allopurinol can protect against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity, showing mechanistic roles of calcium channels, angiotensin converting enzyme and xanthine oxidase enzyme in the pathogenesis of hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesreen E M Mohammed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Sueif, Egypt
| | - Basim A S Messiha
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni Sueif University, Beni-Sueif, Egypt
| | - Ali A Abo-Saif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Sueif, Egypt
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Caligaris C, Vázquez-Victorio G, Sosa-Garrocho M, Ríos-López DG, Marín-Hernández A, Macías-Silva M. Actin-cytoskeleton polymerization differentially controls the stability of Ski and SnoN co-repressors in normal but not in transformed hepatocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1850:1832-41. [PMID: 26002202 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ski and SnoN proteins function as transcriptional co-repressors in the TGF-β pathway. They regulate cell proliferation and differentiation, and their aberrant expression results in altered TGF-β signalling, malignant transformation, and alterations in cell proliferation. METHODS We carried out a comparative characterization of the endogenous Ski and SnoN protein regulation by TGF-β, cell adhesion disruption and actin-cytoskeleton rearrangements between normal and transformed hepatocytes; we also analyzed Ski and SnoN protein stability, subcellular localization, and how their protein levels impact the TGF-β/Smad-driven gene transcription. RESULTS Ski and SnoN protein levels are lower in normal hepatocytes than in hepatoma cells. They exhibit a very short half-life and a nuclear/cytoplasmic distribution in normal hepatocytes opposed to a high stability and restricted nuclear localization in hepatoma cells. Interestingly, while normal cells exhibit a transient TGF-β-induced gene expression, the hepatoma cells are characterized by a strong and sustained TGF-β-induced gene expression. A novel finding is that Ski and SnoN stability is differentially regulated by cell adhesion and cytoskeleton rearrangements in the normal hepatocytes. The inhibition of protein turnover down-regulated both Ski and SnoN co-repressors impacting the kinetic of expression of TGF-β-target genes. CONCLUSION Normal regulatory mechanisms controlling Ski and SnoN stability, subcellular localization and expression are altered in hepatocarcinoma cells. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE This work provides evidence that Ski and SnoN protein regulation is far more complex in normal than in transformed cells, since many of the normal regulatory mechanisms are lost in transformed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandre Caligaris
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México D.F., 04510, México
| | - Genaro Vázquez-Victorio
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México D.F., 04510, México
| | - Marcela Sosa-Garrocho
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México D.F., 04510, México
| | - Diana G Ríos-López
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México D.F., 04510, México
| | - Alvaro Marín-Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología, México D.F., 14080, México
| | - Marina Macías-Silva
- Departamento de Biología Celular y Desarrollo, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México D.F., 04510, México.
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Steatosis inhibits liver cell store-operated Ca²⁺ entry and reduces ER Ca²⁺ through a protein kinase C-dependent mechanism. Biochem J 2015; 466:379-90. [PMID: 25422863 DOI: 10.1042/bj20140881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lipid accumulation in hepatocytes can lead to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), which can progress to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and Type 2 diabetes (T2D). Hormone-initiated release of Ca²⁺ from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stores and subsequent replenishment of these stores by Ca²⁺ entry through SOCs (store-operated Ca²⁺ channels; SOCE) plays a critical role in the regulation of liver metabolism. ER Ca²⁺ homoeostasis is known to be altered in steatotic hepatocytes. Whether store-operated Ca²⁺ entry is altered in steatotic hepatocytes and the mechanisms involved were investigated. Lipid accumulation in vitro was induced in cultured liver cells by amiodarone or palmitate and in vivo in hepatocytes isolated from obese Zucker rats. Rates of Ca²⁺ entry and release were substantially reduced in lipid-loaded cells. Inhibition of Ca²⁺ entry was associated with reduced hormone-initiated intracellular Ca²⁺ signalling and enhanced lipid accumulation. Impaired Ca²⁺ entry was not associated with altered expression of stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) or Orai1. Inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) reversed the impairment of Ca²⁺ entry in lipid-loaded cells. It is concluded that steatosis leads to a substantial inhibition of SOCE through a PKC-dependent mechanism. This enhances lipid accumulation by positive feedback and may contribute to the development of NASH and insulin resistance.
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Maßberg D, Simon A, Häussinger D, Keitel V, Gisselmann G, Conrad H, Hatt H. Monoterpene (-)-citronellal affects hepatocarcinoma cell signaling via an olfactory receptor. Arch Biochem Biophys 2014; 566:100-9. [PMID: 25513961 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2014.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Terpenes are the major constituents of essential oils in plants. In recent years, terpenes have become of clinical relevance due to their ability to suppress cancer development. Their effect on cellular proliferation has made them promising agents in the prevention or treatment of many types of cancer. In the present study, a subset of different monoterpenes was investigated for their molecular effects on the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Huh7. Using fluorometric calcium imaging, acyclic monoterpene (-)-citronellal was found to induce transient Ca(2+) signals in Huh7 cells by activating a cAMP-dependent signaling pathway. Moreover, we detected the (-)-citronellal-activated human olfactory receptor OR1A2 at the mRNA and protein levels and demonstrated its potential involvement in (-)-citronellal-induced calcium signaling in Huh7 cells. Furthermore, activation of OR1A2 results in phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and reduced cell proliferation, indicating an effect on hepatocellular carcinoma progression. Here, we provide for the first time data on the molecular mechanism evoked by (-)-citronellal in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. The identified olfactory receptor could serve as a potential therapeutic target for cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Désirée Maßberg
- Department of Cell Physiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Annika Simon
- Department of Cell Physiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Dieter Häussinger
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Verena Keitel
- Clinic of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Günter Gisselmann
- Department of Cell Physiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Heike Conrad
- Department of Cell Physiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
| | - Hanns Hatt
- Department of Cell Physiology, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801 Bochum, Germany.
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Abstract
Intracellular free Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)]i) is a highly versatile second messenger that regulates a wide range of functions in every type of cell and tissue. To achieve this versatility, the Ca(2+) signaling system operates in a variety of ways to regulate cellular processes that function over a wide dynamic range. This is particularly well exemplified for Ca(2+) signals in the liver, which modulate diverse and specialized functions such as bile secretion, glucose metabolism, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. These Ca(2+) signals are organized to control distinct cellular processes through tight spatial and temporal coordination of [Ca(2+)]i signals, both within and between cells. This article will review the machinery responsible for the formation of Ca(2+) signals in the liver, the types of subcellular, cellular, and intercellular signals that occur, the physiological role of Ca(2+) signaling in the liver, and the role of Ca(2+) signaling in liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jimena Amaya
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ channel blockade as a potential tool in antipancreatitis therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:13186-91. [PMID: 23878235 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1300910110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-related acute pancreatitis can be mediated by a combination of alcohol and fatty acids (fatty acid ethyl esters) and is initiated by a sustained elevation of the Ca(2+) concentration inside pancreatic acinar cells ([Ca(2+)]i), due to excessive release of Ca(2+) stored inside the cells followed by Ca(2+) entry from the interstitial fluid. The sustained [Ca(2+)]i elevation activates intracellular digestive proenzymes resulting in necrosis and inflammation. We tested the hypothesis that pharmacological blockade of store-operated or Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) channels (CRAC) would prevent sustained elevation of [Ca(2+)]i and therefore protease activation and necrosis. In isolated mouse pancreatic acinar cells, CRAC channels were activated by blocking Ca(2+) ATPase pumps in the endoplasmic reticulum with thapsigargin in the absence of external Ca(2+). Ca(2+) entry then occurred upon admission of Ca(2+) to the extracellular solution. The CRAC channel blocker developed by GlaxoSmithKline, GSK-7975A, inhibited store-operated Ca(2+) entry in a concentration-dependent manner within the range of 1 to 50 μM (IC50 = 3.4 μM), but had little or no effect on the physiological Ca(2+) spiking evoked by acetylcholine or cholecystokinin. Palmitoleic acid ethyl ester (100 μM), an important mediator of alcohol-related pancreatitis, evoked a sustained elevation of [Ca(2+)]i, which was markedly reduced by CRAC blockade. Importantly, the palmitoleic acid ethyl ester-induced trypsin and protease activity as well as necrosis were almost abolished by blocking CRAC channels. There is currently no specific treatment of pancreatitis, but our data show that pharmacological CRAC blockade is highly effective against toxic [Ca(2+)]i elevation, necrosis, and trypsin/protease activity and therefore has potential to effectively treat pancreatitis.
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Identification of a Calcium Signalling Pathway of S-[6]-Gingerol in HuH-7 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:951758. [PMID: 23956783 PMCID: PMC3730182 DOI: 10.1155/2013/951758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Revised: 06/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Calcium signals in hepatocytes control cell growth, proliferation, and death. Members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channel superfamily are candidate calcium influx channels. NFκB activation strictly depends on calcium influx and often induces antiapoptotic genes favouring cell survival. Previously, we reported that S-[6]-gingerol is an efficacious agonist of the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) in neurones. In this study, we tested the effect of S-[6]-gingerol on HuH-7 cells using the Fluo-4 calcium assay, RT-qPCR, transient cell transfection, and luciferase measurements. We found that S-[6]-gingerol induced a transient rise in [Ca2+]i in HuH-7 cells. The increase in [Ca2+]i induced by S-[6]-gingerol was abolished by preincubation with EGTA and was also inhibited by the TRPV1 channel antagonist capsazepine. Expression of TRPV1 in HuH-7 cells was confirmed by mRNA analysis as well as a test for increase of [Ca2+]i by TRPV1 agonist capsaicin and its inhibition by capsazepine. We found that S-[6]-gingerol induced rapid NFκB activation through TRPV1 in HuH-7 cells. Furthermore, S-[6]-gingerol-induced NFκB activation was dependent on the calcium gradient and TRPV1. The rapid NFκB activation by S-[6]-gingerol was associated with an increase in mRNA levels of NFκB-target genes: cIAP-2, XIAP, and Bcl-2 that encode antiapoptotic proteins.
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Kavok NS, Malyukina MY, Borovoy IA, Obukchova EN, Klimov SA. Two-probe microfluorometry estimation of transmembrane potential (ΔΨ(p)) slight changes in individual hepatocytes under short-term hormone action. Cell Biochem Biophys 2013; 67:763-71. [PMID: 23526190 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-013-9569-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Early events in individual hepatocytes of rat activated by adrenaline (10(-6)M) and phenylephrine (10(-5)M) have been investigated by quantitative image microfluorometry and microspectrofluorometry. Cationic DiOC2 and anionic SqSC4 probes have been used for image analysis and transmembrane potential (ΔΨ p) estimation in real-time studies. Fluorescence spectra resulting from the accumulation of dyes in single cells were recorded. Based on the mean fluorescence intensity, the magnitude of ΔΨ p was calculated by Nernst equation adapted for lipophilic cationic probes. DiOC2 has revealed that both hormones induce biphasic hyperpolarization of hepatocytes membrane with α-agonist phenylephrine causing ΔΨ p changes at higher amplitude. The first increase of ΔΨ p within 2 and 5 min (ΔΔΨ p = -8.6 ± 4.2 mV) apparently related to Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activation by the Ca(2+)-mobilizing hormone. The second peak of hyperpolarization (ΔΔΨ p = -13.2 ± 3.2 mV) between 25 and 30 min, after a transient decrease of ΔΨ p (ΔΔΨ p = 10.9 ± 4.3 mV) over 15 min experiment, probably is mediated by phenylephrine stimulating action on K(+)-channels. K(+) channel blocker (Ba(2+) or 4-aminopyridine) as well as elevating of extracellular K(+) prevented the hyperpolarization. Modulation of PLD-dependent signal transduction pathway by 0.4% butanol had a weak influence on the first increase of ΔΨ p but it abolished the second phase of hyperpolarization. That points to PLD involvement in the ΔΨ p fluctuations mediated by K(+)-channels in response to phenylephrine. Based on SqSC4, fluorescent parameters estimation of relative changes of ΔΨ p revealed similar character of time dependence with two phases of hyperpolarization. Synchronic fluctuation of ΔΨ p determined by oppositely charged probes demonstrate that the quantitative microfluorometry allows to evaluate slight ΔΨ p changes separately from ΔΨ m in non-excitable individual cells at the short-term hormone action.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S Kavok
- Department of Nanocrystalic Materials, Institute for Scintillation Materials National Academy of Science of Ukraine, 60 Lenin Avenue, Kharkov, 61001, Ukraine,
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Amigo I, Traba J, González-Barroso MM, Rueda CB, Fernández M, Rial E, Sánchez A, Satrústegui J, Del Arco A. Glucagon regulation of oxidative phosphorylation requires an increase in matrix adenine nucleotide content through Ca2+ activation of the mitochondrial ATP-Mg/Pi carrier SCaMC-3. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:7791-7802. [PMID: 23344948 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.409144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been known for a long time that mitochondria isolated from hepatocytes treated with glucagon or Ca(2+)-mobilizing agents such as phenylephrine show an increase in their adenine nucleotide (AdN) content, respiratory activity, and calcium retention capacity (CRC). Here, we have studied the role of SCaMC-3/slc25a23, the mitochondrial ATP-Mg/Pi carrier present in adult mouse liver, in the control of mitochondrial AdN levels and respiration in response to Ca(2+) signals as a candidate target of glucagon actions. With the use of SCaMC-3 knock-out (KO) mice, we have found that the carrier is responsible for the accumulation of AdNs in liver mitochondria in a strictly Ca(2+)-dependent way with an S0.5 for Ca(2+) activation of 3.3 ± 0.9 μm. Accumulation of matrix AdNs allows a SCaMC-3-dependent increase in CRC. In addition, SCaMC-3-dependent accumulation of AdNs is required to acquire a fully active state 3 respiration in AdN-depleted liver mitochondria, although further accumulation of AdNs is not followed by increases in respiration. Moreover, glucagon addition to isolated hepatocytes increases oligomycin-sensitive oxygen consumption and maximal respiratory rates in cells derived from wild type, but not SCaMC-3-KO mice and glucagon administration in vivo results in an increase in AdN content, state 3 respiration and CRC in liver mitochondria in wild type but not in SCaMC-3-KO mice. These results show that SCaMC-3 is required for the increase in oxidative phosphorylation observed in liver mitochondria in response to glucagon and Ca(2+)-mobilizing agents, possibly by allowing a Ca(2+)-dependent accumulation of mitochondrial AdNs and matrix Ca(2+), events permissive for other glucagon actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacio Amigo
- Departmento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-CSIC; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) 28049 Madrid
| | - Javier Traba
- Departmento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-CSIC; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) 28049 Madrid
| | - M Mar González-Barroso
- Departamento de Medicina Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas 28040 Madrid
| | - Carlos B Rueda
- Departmento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-CSIC; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) 28049 Madrid
| | - Margarita Fernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid
| | - Eduardo Rial
- Departamento de Medicina Celular y Molecular, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas 28040 Madrid
| | - Aránzazu Sánchez
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid 28040 Madrid
| | - Jorgina Satrústegui
- Departmento de Biología Molecular, Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-CSIC; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER) 28049 Madrid.
| | - Araceli Del Arco
- Área de Bioquímica, Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla La Mancha (UCLM), Avda. Carlos III s/n, Toledo 45071, Spain.
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Transport and distribution of 45Ca2+ in the perfused rat liver and the influence of adjuvant-induced arthritis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2013; 1832:249-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2012.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2012] [Revised: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 10/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Sancho-Martínez SM, Prieto-García L, Prieto M, López-Novoa JM, López-Hernández FJ. Subcellular targets of cisplatin cytotoxicity: An integrated view. Pharmacol Ther 2012; 136:35-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Ischemia/Reperfusion injury in liver surgery and transplantation: pathophysiology. HPB SURGERY : A WORLD JOURNAL OF HEPATIC, PANCREATIC AND BILIARY SURGERY 2012; 2012:176723. [PMID: 22693364 PMCID: PMC3369424 DOI: 10.1155/2012/176723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2012] [Accepted: 04/05/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Liver ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is caused by a heavily toothed network of interactions of cells of the immune system, cytokine production, and reduced microcirculatory blood flow in the liver. These complex networks are further elaborated by multiple intracellular pathways activated by cytokines, chemokines, and danger-associated molecular patterns. Furthermore, intracellular ionic disturbances and especially mitochondrial disorders play an important role leading to apoptosis and necrosis of hepatocytes in IR injury. Overall, enhanced production of reactive oxygen species, found very early in IR injury, plays an important role in liver tissue damage at several points within these complex networks. Many contributors to IR injury are only incompletely understood so far. This paper tempts to give an overview of the different mechanisms involved in the formation of IR injury. Only by further elucidation of these complex mechanisms IR injury can be understood and possible therapeutic strategies can be improved or be developed.
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Inhibition of store-operated Ca2+ channels prevent ethanol-induced intracellular Ca2+ increase and cell injury in a human hepatoma cell line. Toxicol Lett 2012; 208:254-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2011] [Revised: 11/06/2011] [Accepted: 11/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Yang YR, Choi JH, Chang JS, Kwon HM, Jang HJ, Ryu SH, Suh PG. Diverse cellular and physiological roles of phospholipase C-γ1. Adv Biol Regul 2012; 52:138-151. [PMID: 21964416 DOI: 10.1016/j.advenzreg.2011.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2011] [Accepted: 09/19/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Ryoul Yang
- School of Nano-Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan 689-798, Republic of Korea
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Báez-Ruiz A, Díaz-Muñoz M. Chronic inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum calcium-release channels and calcium-ATPase lengthens the period of hepatic clock gene Per1. J Circadian Rhythms 2011; 9:6. [PMID: 21740569 PMCID: PMC3142245 DOI: 10.1186/1740-3391-9-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Accepted: 07/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The role played by calcium as a regulator of circadian rhythms is not well understood. The effect of the pharmacological inhibition of the ryanodine receptor (RyR), inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R), and endoplasmic-reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA), as well as the intracellular Ca2+-chelator BAPTA-AM was explored on the 24-h rhythmicity of the liver-clock protein PER1 in an experimental model of circadian synchronization by light and restricted-feeding schedules. Methods Liver explants from Period1-luciferase (Per1-luc) transgenic rats with either free food access or with a restricted meal schedule were treated for several days with drugs to inhibit the activity of IP3Rs (2-APB), RyRs (ryanodine), or SERCA (thapsigargin) as well as to suppress intracellular calcium fluctuations (BAPTA-AM). The period of Per1-luc expression was measured during and after drug administration. Results Liver explants from rats fed ad libitum showed a lengthened period in response to all the drugs tested. The pharmacological treatments of the explants from meal-entrained rats induced the same pattern, with the exception of the ryanodine treatment which, unexpectedly, did not modify the Per1-luc period. All effects associated with drug application were reversed after washout, indicating that none of the pharmacological treatments was toxic to the liver cultures. Conclusions Our data suggest that Ca2+ mobilized from internal deposits modulates the molecular circadian clock in the liver of rats entrained by light and by restricted meal access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Báez-Ruiz
- Departament de Neurobiología Moleculary Celular, Instituto de Neurobiología, UNAM-Juriquilla, Boulevard Juriquilla #3001, Apdo, Postal 1-1141, Querétaro, QRO, 76230, México.
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Jones L, Ma L, Castro J, Litjens T, Barritt G, Rychkov G. The predominant role of IP3 type 1 receptors in activation of store-operated Ca2+ entry in liver cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2011; 1808:745-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2010.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2010] [Revised: 12/10/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Li W, Vogel CFA, Wu D, Matsumura F. Non-genomic action of TCDD to induce inflammatory responses in HepG2 human hepatoma cells and in liver of C57BL/6J mice. Biol Chem 2011; 391:1205-19. [PMID: 20707612 DOI: 10.1515/bc.2010.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
To assess the significance of the non-genomic signaling of TCDD (=dioxin) on liver of C57BL/6 mice and HepG2 human hepatoma cells, we first determined the group of markers that are susceptible to inhibition by parthenolide, a compound known to specifically suppress NF-κB-mediated inflammation. Of those, the most consistent marker turned out to be SOCS3 (a suppressor of cytokine signaling) known to respond to inflammation. An early diagnostic test on the action of TCDD on HepG2 cells in vitro within 3-6 h indicated that Cox-2 and SOCS3 are mainly induced via a non-genomic route, whereas PAI-2 appears to be induced through the classical action route. More detailed diagnostic tests at later stages of action of TCDD in HepG2 cells revealed that induction of IL-1β, BAFF, and iNOS are largely mediated by the protein kinase-dependent non-genomic route. An in vivo study on the 7 day action of TCDD on liver of AhR(NLS) mice showed that several early markers (e.g., Cox-2, MCP-1 and SOCS3) are induced, but not late markers such as IL-1β. Together, these results show that the non-genomic pathway contributes significantly to the early stress response reactions to TCDD that includes inflammation in hepatoma cells as well as in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Department of Environmental Toxicology and Center for Health and the Environment, University of California, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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Expression and function of TRP channels in liver cells. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2011; 704:667-86. [PMID: 21290321 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-0265-3_35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The liver plays a central role in whole body homeostasis by mediating the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, proteins, drugs and xenobiotic compounds, and bile acid and protein secretion. Hepatocytes together with endothelial cells, Kupffer cells, smooth muscle cells, stellate and oval cells comprise the functioning liver. Many members of the TRP family of proteins are expressed in hepatocytes. However, knowledge of their cellular functions is limited. There is some evidence which suggests the involvement of TRPC1 in volume control, TRPV1 and V4 in cell migration, TRPC6 and TRPM7 in cell proliferation, and TRPPM in lysosomal Ca(2+) release. Altered expression of some TRP proteins, including TRPC6, TRPM2 and TRPV1, in tumorigenic cell lines may play roles in the development and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma and metastatic liver cancers. It is likely that future experiments will define important roles for other TRP proteins in the cellular functions of hepatocytes and other cell types of which the liver is composed.
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Chang WJ, Chehab M, Kink S, Toledo-Pereyra LH. Intracellular calcium signaling pathways during liver ischemia and reperfusion. J INVEST SURG 2010; 23:228-38. [PMID: 20690849 DOI: 10.3109/08941939.2010.496036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcium plays a major role in intracellular signaling mechanisms during ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury of a liver cell. Under ischemic conditions, the absence of oxygen arrests oxidative phosphorylation, thereby eliminating the energy source by which hepatocellular mechanisms maintain homeostasis of calcium. This, in turn, leaves nonselective plasma membrane influx pores unopposed and results in a net increase in intracellular calcium concentrations. Subsequent reperfusion marks the onset and progression of apoptosis and necrosis, as it involves inflammatory responses as well as free-radical formation due to re-oxygenation of cells. These processes destroy the structural integrity of organelles, leading to disruptive redistribution of calcium between cellular and subcellular compartments. This initial elevation and later imbalance of intracellular calcium concentrations associated with I/R induce various molecular responses within each organelle. In the cytoplasm, a series of pro-apoptotic pathways involving various calcium sensitive enzymes are activated. The injury is further exacerbated in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) due to the malfunction of mechanisms responsible for intracellular calcium sequestration. Both the mitochondria and the nucleus are also adversely affected, as their structural integrity and physiologic functions are disrupted. To date, however, the precise pathophysiology of these calcium-mediated signaling pathways is not fully understood due to its complex nature. This review aims to systematically examine the current literature about individual molecular signaling pathways in the cytoplasm, ER, mitochondria, and the nucleus prior to causing time-sensitive progression of permanent tissue injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson J Chang
- Kalamazoo Center for Medical Studies, Michigan State University, Kalamazoo, Michigan, USA
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Abu-Amara M, Yang SY, Tapuria N, Fuller B, Davidson B, Seifalian A. Liver ischemia/reperfusion injury: processes in inflammatory networks--a review. Liver Transpl 2010; 16:1016-32. [PMID: 20818739 DOI: 10.1002/lt.22117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is typified by an inflammatory response. Understanding the cellular and molecular events underpinning this inflammation is fundamental to developing therapeutic strategies. Great strides have been made in this respect recently. Liver IR involves a complex web of interactions between the various cellular and humoral contributors to the inflammatory response. Kupffer cells, CD4+ lymphocytes, neutrophils, and hepatocytes are central cellular players. Various cytokines, chemokines, and complement proteins form the communication system between the cellular components. The contribution of the danger-associated molecular patterns and pattern recognition receptors to the pathophysiology of liver IR injury are slowly being elucidated. Our knowledge on the role of mitochondria in generating reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, in contributing to ionic disturbances, and in initiating the mitochondrial permeability transition with subsequent cellular death in liver IR injury is continuously being expanded. Here, we discuss recent findings pertaining to the aforementioned factors of liver IR, and we highlight areas with gaps in our knowledge, necessitating further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Abu-Amara
- Liver Transplantation and Hepatobiliary Unit, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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Delgado-Coello B, Bravo-Martínez J, Sosa-Garrocho M, Briones-Orta MA, Macías-Silva M, Mas-Oliva J. Plasma membrane calcium ATPase isoform 3 expression in single cells isolated from rat liver. Mol Cell Biochem 2010; 344:117-24. [PMID: 20625796 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-010-0535-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2009] [Accepted: 06/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The plasma membrane Ca(2+)-ATPase (PMCA) located in the hepatocyte is a controversial molecule in itself since it displays different features to those regarded as canonical for P-type Ca(2+)-ATPases, and from which transcript expression as well as catalytic activity continues to be under active investigation. Our aim in this study was to explore at a first glance, pmca isoform distribution using isolated parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells from rat liver tissue. Expression of pmca transcripts was analyzed in fresh or cell-enriched culture preparations, confirming pmca1 and pmca4 as the housekeeping isoforms in all cell types studied (hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, and stellate cells). However, for the first time we show expression of pmca3 transcripts edited at two different sites in both hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cells. Interestingly, employing non-parenchymal cells we demonstrate the specific expression of pmca3e transcripts previously considered nearly exclusive of excitable tissues. Real-time PCR quantification shows a significant decrease of pmca3 transcripts in cultured Kupffer and hepatic stellate cells in comparison with fresh cells. The presence of pmca2 along with pmca3 in all liver cell types studied suggests that high affinity isoforms are relevant to the adequate management of calcium in liver tissue, particularly when hepatic cells become activated by diverse stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Delgado-Coello
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico, DF, Mexico
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Barritt GJ, Litjens TL, Castro J, Aromataris E, Rychkov GY. Store-operated Ca2+ channels and microdomains of Ca2+ in liver cells. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2009; 36:77-83. [PMID: 19196257 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2008.05095.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
1. Oscillatory increases in the cytoplasmic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](cyt)) play essential roles in the hormonal regulation of liver cells. Increases in [Ca(2+)](cyt) require Ca(2+) release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Ca(2+) entry across the plasma membrane. 2. Store-operated Ca(2+) channels (SOCs), activated by a decrease in Ca(2+) in the ER lumen, are responsible for maintaining adequate ER Ca(2+). Experiments using patch-clamp recording and the fluorescent Ca(2+) reporter fura-2 indicate there is only one type of SOC in rat liver cells. These SOCs have a high selectivity for Ca(2+) and properties essentially indistinguishable from those of Ca(2+) release-activated Ca(2+) (CRAC) channels. 3. Although Orai1, a CRAC channel pore protein, and stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), a CRAC channel Ca(2+) sensor, are components of liver cell SOCs, the mechanism of activation of SOCs, and in particular the role of subregions of the ER, are not well understood. 4. Recent experiments have used the transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) non-selective cation channel, ectopically expressed in liver cells, and a choleretic bile acid to deplete Ca(2+) from different ER subregions. The results of these studies have provided evidence that only a small component of the ER is required for STIM1 redistribution and the activation of SOCs. 5. It is concluded that different Ca(2+) microdomains in the ER and cytoplasmic space are important in both the activation of SOCs and in the signalling actions of Ca(2+) in liver cells. Future experiments will investigate the nature of these microdomains further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg J Barritt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
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A small component of the endoplasmic reticulum is required for store-operated Ca2+ channel activation in liver cells: evidence from studies using TRPV1 and taurodeoxycholic acid. Biochem J 2009; 418:553-66. [PMID: 19007332 DOI: 10.1042/bj20081052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The question of whether the activation of SOCs (store-operated Ca(2+) channels) requires the whole or part of the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) has not been fully resolved. The role of a putative sub-compartment of the ER in SOC activation in liver cells was investigated using ectopically expressed TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 1), a non-selective cation channel, and TDCA (taurodeoxycholic acid), an activator of SOCs, to release Ca(2+) from different regions of the ER. TRPV1 was expressed in the ER and in the plasma membrane. The amount of Ca(2+) released from the ER by a TRPV1 agonist, measured using fura-2, was the same as that released by a SERCA (sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase) inhibitor, indicating that TRPV1 agonist-sensitive stores substantially overlap with SERCA inhibitor-sensitive stores. In contrast with SERCA inhibitors, TRPV1 agonists did not activate store-operated Ca(2+) entry. These findings were confirmed by patch-clamp recording. Using FFP-18, it was shown that SERCA inhibitors release Ca(2+) from the ER located closer to the plasma membrane than the region from which TRPV1 agonists release Ca(2+). In contrast with SERCA inhibitors, TRPV1 agonists did not induce a redistribution of STIM1 (stromal interaction molecule 1). TDCA caused the release of Ca(2+) from the ER, which was detected by FFP-18 but not by fura-2, and a redistribution of STIM1 to puncta similar to that caused by SERCA inhibitors. It is concluded that in liver cells, Ca(2+) release from a small component of the ER located near the plasma membrane is required to induce STIM1 redistribution and SOC activation.
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