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Bertaccini GA, Evans EL, Nourse JL, Dickinson GD, Liu G, Casanellas I, Seal S, Ly AT, Holt JR, Yan S, Hui EE, Panicker MM, Upadhyayula S, Parker I, Pathak MM. PIEZO1-HaloTag hiPSCs: Bridging Molecular, Cellular and Tissue Imaging. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.22.573117. [PMID: 38187535 PMCID: PMC10769387 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.22.573117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
PIEZO1 channels play a critical role in numerous physiological processes by transducing diverse mechanical stimuli into electrical and chemical signals. Recent studies underscore the importance of endogenous PIEZO1 activity and localization in regulating mechanotransduction. To enable physiologically and clinically relevant human-based studies, we genetically engineered human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) to express a HaloTag fused to endogenous PIEZO1. Combined with super-resolution imaging, our chemogenetic approach allows precise visualization of PIEZO1 in various cell types. Further, the PIEZO1-HaloTag hiPSC technology allows non-invasive monitoring of channel activity via Ca2+-sensitive HaloTag ligands, with temporal resolution approaching that of patch clamp electrophysiology. Using lightsheet imaging of hiPSC-derived neural organoids, we also achieve molecular scale PIEZO1 imaging in three-dimensional tissue samples. Our advances offer a novel platform for studying PIEZO1 mechanotransduction in human cells and tissues, with potential for elucidating disease mechanisms and development of targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella A Bertaccini
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Elizabeth L Evans
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Jamison L Nourse
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - George D Dickinson
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Gaoxiang Liu
- Advanced Bioimaging Center, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, United States
| | - Ignasi Casanellas
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Sayan Seal
- Advanced Bioimaging Center, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, United States
| | - Alan T Ly
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Jesse R Holt
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Shijun Yan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Elliot E Hui
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Mitradas M Panicker
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Srigokul Upadhyayula
- Advanced Bioimaging Center, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, United States
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, United States
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, United States
| | - Ian Parker
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
| | - Medha M Pathak
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Sue and Bill Gross Stem Cell Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Center for Complex Biological Systems, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA
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2
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Smith HA, Taylor CW. Dissociation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate from IP 3 receptors contributes to termination of Ca 2+ puffs. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:102871. [PMID: 36621623 PMCID: PMC9971896 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.102871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ca2+ puffs are brief, localized Ca2+ signals evoked by physiological stimuli that arise from the coordinated opening of a few clustered inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs). However, the mechanisms that control the amplitude and termination of Ca2+ puffs are unresolved. To address these issues, we expressed SNAP-tagged IP3R3 in HEK cells without endogenous IP3Rs and used total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy to visualize the subcellular distribution of IP3Rs and the Ca2+ puffs that they evoke. We first confirmed that SNAP-IP3R3 were reliably identified and that they evoked normal Ca2+ puffs after photolysis of a caged analog of IP3. We show that increased IP3R expression caused cells to assemble more IP3R clusters, each of which contained more IP3Rs, but the mean amplitude of Ca2+ puffs (indicative of the number of open IP3Rs) was unaltered. We thus suggest that functional interactions between IP3Rs constrain the number of active IP3Rs within a cluster. Furthermore, Ca2+ puffs evoked by IP3R with reduced affinity for IP3 had undiminished amplitude, but the puffs decayed more quickly. The selective effect of reducing IP3 affinity on the decay times of Ca2+ puffs was not mimicked by exposing normal IP3R to a lower concentration of IP3. We conclude that distinct mechanisms constrain recruitment of IP3Rs during the rising phase of a Ca2+ puff and closure of IP3Rs during the falling phase, and that only the latter is affected by the rate of IP3 dissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holly A Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Colin W Taylor
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
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3
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Knighten JM, Aziz T, Pleshinger DJ, Annamdevula N, Rich TC, Taylor MS, Andrews JF, Macarilla CT, Francis CM. Algorithm for biological second messenger analysis with dynamic regions of interest. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0284394. [PMID: 37167308 PMCID: PMC10174521 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Physiological function is regulated through cellular communication that is facilitated by multiple signaling molecules such as second messengers. Analysis of signal dynamics obtained from cell and tissue imaging is difficult because of intricate spatially and temporally distinct signals. Signal analysis tools based on static region of interest analysis may under- or overestimate signals in relation to region of interest size and location. Therefore, we developed an algorithm for biological signal detection and analysis based on dynamic regions of interest, where time-dependent polygonal regions of interest are automatically assigned to the changing perimeter of detected and segmented signals. This approach allows signal profiles to be rigorously and precisely tracked over time, eliminating the signal distortion observed with static methods. Integration of our approach with state-of-the-art image processing and particle tracking pipelines enabled the isolation of dynamic cellular signaling events and characterization of biological signaling patterns with distinct combinations of parameters including amplitude, duration, and spatial spread. Our algorithm was validated using synthetically generated datasets and compared with other available methods. Application of the algorithm to volumetric time-lapse hyperspectral images of cyclic adenosine monophosphate measurements in rat microvascular endothelial cells revealed distinct signal heterogeneity with respect to cell depth, confirming the utility of our approach for analysis of 5-dimensional data. In human tibial arteries, our approach allowed the identification of distinct calcium signal patterns associated with atherosclerosis. Our algorithm for automated detection and analysis of second messenger signals enables the decoding of signaling patterns in diverse tissues and identification of pathologic cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Knighten
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Takreem Aziz
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Donald J Pleshinger
- Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Naga Annamdevula
- Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Thomas C Rich
- Department of Pharmacology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Mark S Taylor
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Joel F Andrews
- Bioimaging Core Facility, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Christian T Macarilla
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
| | - C Michael Francis
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
- Center for Lung Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, Alabama, United States of America
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Satellite Image Processing by Python and R Using Landsat 9 OLI/TIRS and SRTM DEM Data on Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa. J Imaging 2022; 8:jimaging8120317. [PMID: 36547482 PMCID: PMC9786221 DOI: 10.3390/jimaging8120317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we propose an advanced scripting approach using Python and R for satellite image processing and modelling terrain in Côte d'Ivoire, West Africa. Data include Landsat 9 OLI/TIRS C2 L1 and the SRTM digital elevation model (DEM). The EarthPy library of Python and 'raster' and 'terra' packages of R are used as tools for data processing. The methodology includes computing vegetation indices to derive information on vegetation coverage and terrain modelling. Four vegetation indices were computed and visualised using R: the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Enhanced Vegetation Index 2 (EVI2), Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI) and Atmospherically Resistant Vegetation Index 2 (ARVI2). The SAVI index is demonstrated to be more suitable and better adjusted to the vegetation analysis, which is beneficial for agricultural monitoring in Côte d'Ivoire. The terrain analysis is performed using Python and includes slope, aspect, hillshade and relief modelling with changed parameters for the sun azimuth and angle. The vegetation pattern in Côte d'Ivoire is heterogeneous, which reflects the complexity of the terrain structure. Therefore, the terrain and vegetation data modelling is aimed at the analysis of the relationship between the regional topography and environmental setting in the study area. The upscaled mapping is performed as regional environmental analysis of the Yamoussoukro surroundings and local topographic modelling of the Kossou Lake. The algorithms of the data processing include image resampling, band composition, statistical analysis and map algebra used for calculation of the vegetation indices in Côte d'Ivoire. This study demonstrates the effective application of the advanced programming algorithms in Python and R for satellite image processing.
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Vorontsova I, Lock JT, Parker I. KRAP is required for diffuse and punctate IP 3-mediated Ca 2+ liberation and determines the number of functional IP 3R channels within clusters. Cell Calcium 2022; 107:102638. [PMID: 36030740 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
KRas-induced actin-interacting protein (KRAP) has been identified as crucial for the appropriate localization and functioning of the inositol trisphosphate receptors (IP3Rs) that mediate Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum. Here, we used siRNA knockdown of KRAP expression in HeLa and HEK293 cells to examine the roles of KRAP in the generation of IP3-mediated local Ca2+ puffs and global, cell-wide Ca2+ signals. High resolution Ca2+ imaging revealed that the mean amplitude of puffs was strongly reduced by KRAP knockdown, whereas the Ca2+ flux during openings of individual IP3R channels was little affected. In both control and KRAP knockdown cells the numbers of functional channels in the clusters underlying puff sites were stochastically distributed following a Poisson relationship, but the mean number of functional channels per site was reduced by about two thirds by KRAP knockdown. We conclude that KRAP is required for activity of IP3R channels at puff sites and stochastically 'licenses' the function of individual channels on a one-to-one basis, rather than determining the functioning of the puff site as a whole. In addition to puff activity ('punctate' Ca2+ release), global, cell-wide Ca2+ signals evoked by higher levels of IP3 are further composed from a discrete 'diffuse' mode of Ca2+ release. By applying fluctuation analysis to isolate the punctate component during global Ca2+ signals, we find that KRAP knockdown suppresses to similar extents punctate and diffuse Ca2+ release in wild-type cells and in HEK293 cells exclusively expressing type 1 and type 3 IP3Rs. Thus, KRAP appears essential for the functioning of the IP3Rs involved in diffuse Ca2+ release as well as the clustered IP3Rs that generate local Ca2+ puffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Vorontsova
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Jeffrey T Lock
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Ian Parker
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States; Department of Physiology & Biophysics, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States.
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6
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Termination of Ca 2+ puffs during IP 3-evoked global Ca 2+ signals. Cell Calcium 2021; 100:102494. [PMID: 34736161 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
We previously described that cell-wide cytosolic Ca2+ transients evoked by inositol trisphosphate (IP3) are generated by two modes of Ca2+ liberation from the ER; 'punctate' release via an initial flurry of transient Ca2+ puffs from local clusters of IP3 receptors, succeeded by a spatially and temporally 'diffuse' Ca2+ liberation. Those findings were derived using statistical fluctuation analysis to monitor puff activity which is otherwise masked as global Ca2+ levels rise. Here, we devised imaging approaches to resolve individual puffs during global Ca2+ elevations to better investigate the mechanisms terminating the puff flurry. We find that puffs contribute about 40% (∼90 attomoles) of the total Ca2+ liberation, largely while the global Ca2+ signal rises halfway to its peak. The major factor terminating punctate Ca2+ release is an abrupt decline in puff frequency. Although the amplitudes of large puffs fall during the flurry, the amplitudes of more numerous small puffs remain steady, so overall puff amplitudes decline only modestly (∼30%). The Ca2+ flux through individual IP3 receptor/channels does not measurably decline during the flurry, or when puff activity is depressed by pharmacological lowering of Ca2+ levels in the ER lumen, indicating that the termination of punctate release is not a simple consequence of reduced driving force for Ca2+ liberation. We propose instead that the gating of IP3 receptors at puff sites is modulated such that their openings become suppressed as the bulk [Ca2+] in the ER lumen falls during global Ca2+ signals.
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7
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Arige V, Emrich SM, Yoast RE, Trebak M, Yule DI. A protocol for detecting elemental calcium signals (Ca 2+ puffs) in mammalian cells using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. STAR Protoc 2021; 2:100618. [PMID: 34195673 PMCID: PMC8225975 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This protocol outlines steps to visualize and detect Ca2+ puffs following photo-liberation of caged inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) from HEK-293 cells expressing only the native IP3R type 1 receptor using total internal reflection fluorescence (TIRF) microscopy. TIRF microscopy offers high axial resolution and allows imaging at high speed, with a higher signal-to-background ratio. Additionally, we shed light on commonly encountered pitfalls, which should be considered while recording Ca2+ puffs using TIRF microscopy. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Emrich et al. (2021) and Lock et al. (2015a).
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikas Arige
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Scott M. Emrich
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Ryan E. Yoast
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - Mohamed Trebak
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, the Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17033, USA
| | - David I. Yule
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
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8
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Guse AH, Gil Montoya DC, Diercks BP. Mechanisms and functions of calcium microdomains produced by ORAI channels, d-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors, or ryanodine receptors. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 223:107804. [PMID: 33465399 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
With the discovery of local Ca2+ signals in the 1990s the concept of 'elementary Ca2+ signals' and 'fundamental Ca2+ signals' was developed. While 'elementary Ca2+signals' relate to optical signals gained by activity of small clusters of Ca2+channels, 'fundamental signals' describe such optical signals that arise from opening of single Ca2+channels. In this review, we discuss (i) concepts of local Ca2+ signals and Ca2+ microdomains, (ii) molecular mechanisms underlying Ca2+ microdomains, (iii) functions of Ca2+ microdomains, and (iv) mathematical modelling of Ca2+ microdomains. We focus on Ca2+ microdomains produced by ORAI channels, D-myo-inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors, or ryanodine receptors. In summary, research on local Ca2+ signals in different cell models aims to better understand how cells use the Ca2+ toolkit to produce Ca2+ microdomains as relevant signals for specific cellular responses, but also how local Ca2+ signals as building blocks merge into global Ca2+ signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas H Guse
- The Calcium Signalling Group, Dept of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Diana C Gil Montoya
- The Calcium Signalling Group, Dept of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Björn-Philipp Diercks
- The Calcium Signalling Group, Dept of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany
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9
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Shah SI, Ong HL, Demuro A, Ullah G. PunctaSpecks: A tool for automated detection, tracking, and analysis of multiple types of fluorescently labeled biomolecules. Cell Calcium 2020; 89:102224. [PMID: 32502904 PMCID: PMC7343294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in imaging technology and fluorescent probes have made it possible to gain information about the dynamics of subcellular processes at unprecedented spatiotemporal scales. Unfortunately, a lack of automated tools to efficiently process the resulting imaging data encoding fine details of the biological processes remains a major bottleneck in utilizing the full potential of these powerful experimental techniques. Here we present a computational tool, called PunctaSpecks, that can characterize fluorescence signals arising from a wide range of biological molecules under normal and pathological conditions. Among other things, the program can calculate the number, areas, life-times, and amplitudes of fluorescence signals arising from multiple sources, track diffusing fluorescence sources like moving mitochondria, and determine the overlap probability of two processes or organelles imaged using indicator dyes of different colors. We have tested PunctaSpecks on synthetic time-lapse movies containing mobile fluorescence objects of various sizes, mimicking the activity of biomolecules. The robustness of the software is tested by varying the level of noise along with random but known pattern of appearing, disappearing, and movement of these objects. Next, we use PunctaSpecks to characterize protein-protein interaction involved in store-operated Ca2+ entry through the formation and activation of plasma membrane-bound ORAI1 channel and endoplasmic reticulum membrane-bound stromal interaction molecule (STIM), the evolution of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)-induced Ca2+ signals from sub-micrometer size local events into global waves in human cortical neurons, and the activity of Alzheimer's disease-associated β amyloid pores in the plasma membrane. The tool can also be used to study other dynamical processes imaged through fluorescence molecules. The open source algorithm allows for extending the program to analyze more than two types of biomolecules visualized using markers of different colors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hwei Ling Ong
- Secretory Physiology Section, NIDCR, NIH, Bethesda, MD, 20892,USA
| | - Angelo Demuro
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Ghanim Ullah
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33647, USA.
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10
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Vais H, Wang M, Mallilankaraman K, Payne R, McKennan C, Lock JT, Spruce LA, Fiest C, Chan MYL, Parker I, Seeholzer SH, Foskett JK, Mak DOD. ER-luminal [Ca 2+] regulation of InsP 3 receptor gating mediated by an ER-luminal peripheral Ca 2+-binding protein. eLife 2020; 9:e53531. [PMID: 32420875 PMCID: PMC7259957 DOI: 10.7554/elife.53531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulating cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) by endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-localized inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (InsP3R) Ca2+-release channels is a universal signaling pathway that regulates numerous cell-physiological processes. Whereas much is known regarding regulation of InsP3R activity by cytoplasmic ligands and processes, its regulation by ER-luminal Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]ER) is poorly understood and controversial. We discovered that the InsP3R is regulated by a peripheral membrane-associated ER-luminal protein that strongly inhibits the channel in the presence of high, physiological [Ca2+]ER. The widely-expressed Ca2+-binding protein annexin A1 (ANXA1) is present in the nuclear envelope lumen and, through interaction with a luminal region of the channel, can modify high-[Ca2+]ER inhibition of InsP3R activity. Genetic knockdown of ANXA1 expression enhanced global and local elementary InsP3-mediated Ca2+ signaling events. Thus, [Ca2+]ER is a major regulator of InsP3R channel activity and InsP3R-mediated [Ca2+]i signaling in cells by controlling an interaction of the channel with a peripheral membrane-associated Ca2+-binding protein, likely ANXA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horia Vais
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Karthik Mallilankaraman
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Riley Payne
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Chris McKennan
- Department of Statistics, University of PittsburghPittsburghUnited States
| | - Jeffrey T Lock
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of CaliforniaIrvineUnited States
| | - Lynn A Spruce
- Proteomics Core Facility, The Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Carly Fiest
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Matthew Yan-lok Chan
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Ian Parker
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of CaliforniaIrvineUnited States
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of CaliforniaIrvineUnited States
| | - Steven H Seeholzer
- Proteomics Core Facility, The Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - J Kevin Foskett
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Don-On Daniel Mak
- Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
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11
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Lock JT, Parker I. IP 3 mediated global Ca 2+ signals arise through two temporally and spatially distinct modes of Ca 2+ release. eLife 2020; 9:e55008. [PMID: 32396066 PMCID: PMC7253181 DOI: 10.7554/elife.55008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The 'building-block' model of inositol trisphosphate (IP3)-mediated Ca2+ liberation posits that cell-wide cytosolic Ca2+ signals arise through coordinated activation of localized Ca2+ puffs generated by stationary clusters of IP3 receptors (IP3Rs). Here, we revise this hypothesis, applying fluctuation analysis to resolve Ca2+ signals otherwise obscured during large Ca2+ elevations. We find the rising phase of global Ca2+ signals is punctuated by a flurry of puffs, which terminate before the peak by a mechanism involving partial ER Ca2+ depletion. The continuing rise in Ca2+, and persistence of global signals even when puffs are absent, reveal a second mode of spatiotemporally diffuse Ca2+ signaling. Puffs make only small, transient contributions to global Ca2+ signals, which are sustained by diffuse release of Ca2+ through a functionally distinct process. These two modes of IP3-mediated Ca2+ liberation have important implications for downstream signaling, imparting spatial and kinetic specificity to Ca2+-dependent effector functions and Ca2+ transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey T Lock
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
| | - Ian Parker
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
- Department of Physiology & Biophysics, UC IrvineIrvineUnited States
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12
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Stewart TA, Davis FM. A Primary Cell and Organoid Platform for Evaluating Pharmacological Responses in Mammary Epithelial Cells. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2020; 3:63-75. [PMID: 32259089 PMCID: PMC7088941 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.9b00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
An essential process in predicting the in vivo pharmacological activity of a candidate molecule involves the evaluation of target responses using established model systems. While these models largely comprise immortalized cells, which are often serially passaged as monolayers on uniformly stiff substrates and are modified to overexpress one or more components of the pathway-of-interest, the importance of cell identity, heterogeneity, and three-dimensional (3D) context to target response is gaining increasing attention. Here, we assess intracellular calcium responses in mouse mammary epithelial cells in three distinct model systems: 3D primary organoids, 2D primary epithelial cells, and 2D immortalized cells. Specifically, we assess intracellular calcium responses to a number of extracellular signals implicated in the regulation of basal (or myoepithelial) cell function. These findings provide further insights into cell type and context-specific pharmacological responses in mammary epithelial cells and highlight the opportunities and challenges in the adoption of architecturally complex and heterogeneous in vitro assays in pharmacological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teneale A. Stewart
- Mater
Research-The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
- Translational
Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
| | - Felicity M. Davis
- Mater
Research-The University of Queensland, Faculty of Medicine, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
- Translational
Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia
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Lock JT, Smith IF, Parker I. Spatial-temporal patterning of Ca 2+ signals by the subcellular distribution of IP 3 and IP 3 receptors. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2019; 94:3-10. [PMID: 30703557 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The patterning of cytosolic Ca2+ signals in space and time underlies their ubiquitous ability to specifically regulate numerous cellular processes. Signals mediated by liberation of Ca2+ sequestered in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) through inositol trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) channels constitute a hierarchy of events; ranging from openings of individual IP3 channels, through the concerted openings of several clustered IP3Rs to generate local Ca2+ puffs, to global Ca2+ waves and oscillations that engulf the entire cell. Here, we review recent progress in elucidating how this hierarchy is shaped by an interplay between the functional gating properties of IP3Rs and their spatial distribution within the cell. We focus in particular on the subset of IP3Rs that are organized in stationary clusters and are endowed with the ability to preferentially liberate Ca2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey T Lock
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
| | - Ian F Smith
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ian Parker
- Department of Neurobiology & Behavior, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA; Department of Physiology & Biophysics, UC Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
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