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Kageyama H, Ma T, Sato M, Komiya M, Tadaki D, Hirano-Iwata A. New Aspects of Bilayer Lipid Membranes for the Analysis of Ion Channel Functions. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12090863. [PMID: 36135882 PMCID: PMC9501126 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12090863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The bilayer lipid membrane (BLM) is the main structural component of cell membranes, in which various membrane proteins are embedded. Artificially formed BLMs have been used as a platform in studies of the functions of membrane proteins, including various ion channels. In this review, we summarize recent advances that have been made on artificial BLM systems for the analysis of ion channel functions. We focus on two BLM-based systems, cell-membrane mimicry and four-terminal BLM systems. As a cell-membrane-mimicking system, an efficient screening platform for the evaluation of drug side effects that act on a cell-free synthesized channel has been developed, and its prospects for use in personalized medicine will be discussed. In the four-terminal BLMs, we introduce "lateral voltage" to BLM systems as a novel input to regulate channel activities, in addition to the traditional transmembrane voltages. Such state-of-the-art technologies and new system setups are predicted to pave the way for a variety of applications, in both fundamental physiology and in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Kageyama
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Teng Ma
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-2-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Madoka Sato
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Maki Komiya
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Daisuke Tadaki
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Ayumi Hirano-Iwata
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
- Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Advanced Institute for Materials Research (WPI-AIMR), Tohoku University, 2-2-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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2
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Galluccio M, Console L, Pochini L, Scalise M, Giangregorio N, Indiveri C. Strategies for Successful Over-Expression of Human Membrane Transport Systems Using Bacterial Hosts: Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073823. [PMID: 35409183 PMCID: PMC8998559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ten percent of human genes encode for membrane transport systems, which are key components in maintaining cell homeostasis. They are involved in the transport of nutrients, catabolites, vitamins, and ions, allowing the absorption and distribution of these compounds to the various body regions. In addition, roughly 60% of FDA-approved drugs interact with membrane proteins, among which are transporters, often responsible for pharmacokinetics and side effects. Defects of membrane transport systems can cause diseases; however, knowledge of the structure/function relationships of transporters is still limited. Among the expression of hosts that produce human membrane transport systems, E. coli is one of the most favorable for its low cultivation costs, fast growth, handiness, and extensive knowledge of its genetics and molecular mechanisms. However, the expression in E. coli of human membrane proteins is often toxic due to the hydrophobicity of these proteins and the diversity in structure with respect to their bacterial counterparts. Moreover, differences in codon usage between humans and bacteria hamper translation. This review summarizes the many strategies exploited to achieve the expression of human transport systems in bacteria, providing a guide to help people who want to deal with this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Galluccio
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4c, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (M.G.); (L.C.); (L.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Lara Console
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4c, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (M.G.); (L.C.); (L.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Lorena Pochini
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4c, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (M.G.); (L.C.); (L.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Mariafrancesca Scalise
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4c, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (M.G.); (L.C.); (L.P.); (M.S.)
| | - Nicola Giangregorio
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnology (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Cesare Indiveri
- Unit of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences (DiBEST), University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4c, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (M.G.); (L.C.); (L.P.); (M.S.)
- Institute of Biomembranes, Bioenergetics and Molecular Biotechnology (IBIOM), National Research Council (CNR), Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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3
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Therapeutic Antibodies Targeting Potassium Ion Channels. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2021; 267:507-545. [PMID: 33963460 DOI: 10.1007/164_2021_464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies combine specificity and high affinity binding with excellent pharmacokinetic properties and are rapidly being developed for a wide range of drug targets including clinically important potassium ion channels. Nonetheless, while therapeutic antibodies come with great promise, K+ channels represent particularly difficult targets for biologics development for a variety of reasons that include their dynamic structures and relatively small extracellular loops, their high degree of sequence conservation (leading to immune tolerance), and their generally low-level expression in vivo. The process is made all the more difficult when large numbers of antibody candidates must be screened for a given target, or when lead candidates fail to cross-react with orthologous channels in animal disease models due to their highly selective binding properties. While the number of antibodies targeting potassium channels in preclinical or clinical development is still modest, significant advances in the areas of protein expression and antibody screening are converging to open the field to an avalanche of new drugs. Here, the opportunities and constraints associated with the discovery of antibodies against K+ channels are discussed, with an emphasis on novel technologies that are opening the field to exciting new possibilities for biologics development.
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Zaitseva E, Obergrussberger A, Weichbrodt C, Boukhet M, Bernhard F, Hein C, Baaken G, Fertig N, Behrends JC. Electrophysiology on Channel-Forming Proteins in Artificial Lipid Bilayers: Next-Generation Instrumentation for Multiple Recordings in Parallel. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2021; 2188:67-92. [PMID: 33119847 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0818-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Artificial lipid bilayers have been used for several decades to study channel-forming pores and ion channels in membranes. Until recently, the classical two-chamber setups have been primarily used for studying the biophysical properties of pore forming proteins. Within the last 10 years, instruments for automated lipid bilayer measurements have been developed and are now commercially available. This chapter focuses on protein purification and reconstitution of channel-forming proteins into lipid bilayers using a classic setup and on the commercially available systems, the Orbit mini and Orbit 16.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Frank Bernhard
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry & Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christopher Hein
- Institute of Biophysical Chemistry & Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | | | - Jan C Behrends
- Laboratory for Membrane Physiology and Technology, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Rauh O, Kukovetz K, Winterstein L, Introini B, Thiel G. Combining in vitro translation with nanodisc technology and functional reconstitution of channels in planar lipid bilayers. Methods Enzymol 2021; 652:293-318. [PMID: 34059286 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2021.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Experimental studies on membrane proteins have been recently enriched by two promising method developments: protocols for cell-free protein synthesis and the use of soluble nanoscale lipid bilayers, so called nanodiscs, as membrane mimics for keeping these proteins in a soluble form. Here, we show how the advantages of these techniques can be combined with the classical planar lipid bilayer method for a functional reconstitution of channel activity. The present data demonstrate that the combination of these methods offers a very rapid and reliable way of recording channel activity in different bilayer systems. This approach has additional advantages in that it strongly lowers the propensity of contamination from the expression system and allows the simultaneous reconstitution of thousands of channel proteins for macroscopic current measurements without compromising bilayer stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Rauh
- Membrane Biophysics and Center for Synthetic Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Kerri Kukovetz
- Membrane Biophysics and Center for Synthetic Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Laura Winterstein
- Membrane Biophysics and Center for Synthetic Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Bianca Introini
- Department of Biosciences and CNR IBF-Mi, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Gerhard Thiel
- Membrane Biophysics and Center for Synthetic Biology, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany.
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Abstract
Proteins are the main source of drug targets and some of them possess therapeutic potential themselves. Among them, membrane proteins constitute approximately 50% of the major drug targets. In the drug discovery pipeline, rapid methods for producing different classes of proteins in a simple manner with high quality are important for structural and functional analysis. Cell-free systems are emerging as an attractive alternative for the production of proteins due to their flexible nature without any cell membrane constraints. In a bioproduction context, open systems based on cell lysates derived from different sources, and with batch-to-batch consistency, have acted as a catalyst for cell-free synthesis of target proteins. Most importantly, proteins can be processed for downstream applications like purification and functional analysis without the necessity of transfection, selection, and expansion of clones. In the last 5 years, there has been an increased availability of new cell-free lysates derived from multiple organisms, and their use for the synthesis of a diverse range of proteins. Despite this progress, major challenges still exist in terms of scalability, cost effectiveness, protein folding, and functionality. In this review, we present an overview of different cell-free systems derived from diverse sources and their application in the production of a wide spectrum of proteins. Further, this article discusses some recent progress in cell-free systems derived from Chinese hamster ovary and Sf21 lysates containing endogenous translocationally active microsomes for the synthesis of membrane proteins. We particularly highlight the usage of internal ribosomal entry site sequences for more efficient protein production, and also the significance of site-specific incorporation of non-canonical amino acids for labeling applications and creation of antibody drug conjugates using cell-free systems. We also discuss strategies to overcome the major challenges involved in commercializing cell-free platforms from a laboratory level for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srujan Kumar Dondapati
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Marlitt Stech
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Anne Zemella
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Stefan Kubick
- Fraunhofer Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology (IZI), Branch Bioanalytics and Bioprocesses (IZI-BB), Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg, The Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and the University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.
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Kamiya K. Development of Artificial Cell Models Using Microfluidic Technology and Synthetic Biology. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:E559. [PMID: 32486297 PMCID: PMC7345299 DOI: 10.3390/mi11060559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Giant lipid vesicles or liposomes are primarily composed of phospholipids and form a lipid bilayer structurally similar to that of the cell membrane. These vesicles, like living cells, are 5-100 μm in diameter and can be easily observed using an optical microscope. As their biophysical and biochemical properties are similar to those of the cell membrane, they serve as model cell membranes for the investigation of the biophysical or biochemical properties of the lipid bilayer, as well as its dynamics and structure. Investigation of membrane protein functions and enzyme reactions has revealed the presence of soluble or membrane proteins integrated in the giant lipid vesicles. Recent developments in microfluidic technologies and synthetic biology have enabled the development of well-defined artificial cell models with complex reactions based on the giant lipid vesicles. In this review, using microfluidics, the formations of giant lipid vesicles with asymmetric lipid membranes or complex structures have been described. Subsequently, the roles of these biomaterials in the creation of artificial cell models including nanopores, ion channels, and other membrane and soluble proteins have been discussed. Finally, the complex biological functions of giant lipid vesicles reconstituted with various types of biomolecules has been communicated. These complex artificial cell models contribute to the production of minimal cells or protocells for generating valuable or rare biomolecules and communicating between living cells and artificial cell models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Kamiya
- Division of Molecular Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho, Kiryu city, Gunma 376-8515, Japan
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First report on BaltCRP, a cysteine-rich secretory protein (CRISP) from Bothrops alternatus venom: Effects on potassium channels and inflammatory processes. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 140:556-567. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.08.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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9
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Allen-Benton M, Findlay HE, Booth PJ. Probing membrane protein properties using droplet interface bilayers. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2019; 244:709-720. [PMID: 31053046 PMCID: PMC6552395 DOI: 10.1177/1535370219847939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT The paper presents a comprehensive review of integral membrane protein studies utilizing droplet interface bilayers. Droplet interface bilayers are a novel method of constructing artificial lipid bilayers with enhanced stability and physicochemical complexity compared to existing methods. Their unique morphology also suggests applications in the construction of synthetic biological systems and protocells. As well as serving as a guide to in vitro membrane protein functional studies using droplet interface bilayers in the literature to date, a novel in vitro study of a flippase protein in a droplet interface bilayer is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paula J Booth
- Department of Chemistry, King’s College London,
London SE1 1DB, UK
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10
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Hutchings CJ, Colussi P, Clark TG. Ion channels as therapeutic antibody targets. MAbs 2018; 11:265-296. [PMID: 30526315 PMCID: PMC6380435 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2018.1548232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
It is now well established that antibodies have numerous potential benefits when developed as therapeutics. Here, we evaluate the technical challenges of raising antibodies to membrane-spanning proteins together with enabling technologies that may facilitate the discovery of antibody therapeutics to ion channels. Additionally, we discuss the potential targeting opportunities in the anti-ion channel antibody landscape, along with a number of case studies where functional antibodies that target ion channels have been reported. Antibodies currently in development and progressing towards the clinic are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Theodore G. Clark
- TetraGenetics Inc, Arlington Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca New York, USA
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Cortes S, Barette C, Beroud R, De Waard M, Schaack B. Functional characterization of cell-free expressed Kv1.3 channel using a voltage-sensitive fluorescent dye. Protein Expr Purif 2018; 145:94-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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12
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Chadli M, Maniti O, Marquette C, Tillier B, Cortès S, Girard-Egrot A. A new functional membrane protein microarray based on tethered phospholipid bilayers. Analyst 2018; 143:2165-2173. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an00260f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A new membrane protein microarray based on peptide-tethered bilayer lipid membranes formed by the fusion of cell-free expressed proteoliposomes inside micropatterned microwells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meriem Chadli
- Univ Lyon
- Université Lyon 1
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires
- ICBMS
- 69622 Villeurbanne
| | - Ofelia Maniti
- Univ Lyon
- Université Lyon 1
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires
- ICBMS
- 69622 Villeurbanne
| | - Christophe Marquette
- Univ Lyon
- Université Lyon 1
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires
- ICBMS
- 69622 Villeurbanne
| | | | | | - Agnès Girard-Egrot
- Univ Lyon
- Université Lyon 1
- Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires
- ICBMS
- 69622 Villeurbanne
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