1
|
Su W, Yang P, Xu F, Zhang T, Wang L, Li H, Cui L, Yang Z, He H, Han S, He L, Liu J, Kong Y, Long J. Twin Strep-Tag Modified CPT1A Mitochondrial Membrane Chromatography in Screening Lipid Metabolism Regulators. Anal Chem 2024; 96:10851-10859. [PMID: 38912707 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial Membrane Chromatography (MMC) is a bioaffinity chromatography technique developed to study the interaction between target proteins embedded in the mitochondrial membrane and their ligand compounds. However, the MMC stationary phases (MMSP) prepared by chemical immobilization are prone to nonspecific binding in candidate agent screening inevitably. To address these challenges, Twin Strep-Tag/Strep Tactin was employed to establish a specific affinity system in the present study. We prepared a carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A) MMSP by specifically linking Strep-tactin-modified silica gel with the Twin Strep-Tag on the CPT1A-oriented mitochondrial membrane. This Twin Strep-Tag/Strep Tactin modified CPT1A/MMC method exhibited remarkably better retention behavior, longer stationary phase lifespan, and higher screening specificity compared with previous MMC systems with glutaraldehyde immobilization. We adopted the CPT1A-specific MMC system in screening CPT1A ligands from traditional Chinese medicines, and successfully identified novel candidate ligands: ononin, isoliquiritigenin, and aloe-emodin, from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch and Senna tora (L.) Roxb extracts. Biological assessments illustrated that the compounds screened promote CPT1A enzyme activity without affecting CPT1A protein expression, as well as effectively reduce the lipid droplets and triglyceride levels in the high fat induction HepG2 cells. The results suggest that we have developed an MMC system, which is promising for studying the bioaffinity of mitochondrial membrane proteins to candidate compounds. This system provides a platform for a key step in mitochondrial medicine discovery, especially for bioactive molecule screening from complex herbal extracts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wu Su
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Fanding Xu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Tingrong Zhang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Lizhuo Wang
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Hua Li
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Li Cui
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhiwei Yang
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710116, China
| | - Huaizhen He
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710116, China
| | - Shengli Han
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710116, China
| | - Langchong He
- School of Pharmacy, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710116, China
| | - Jiankang Liu
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Yu Kong
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jiangang Long
- Center for Mitochondrial Biology and Medicine, The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Frigini EN, Porasso RD, Beke-Somfai T, López Cascales JJ, Enriz RD, Pantano S. The Mechanism of Antimicrobial Small-Cationic Peptides from Coarse-Grained Simulations. J Chem Inf Model 2023; 63:6877-6889. [PMID: 37905818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial cationic peptides (AMPs) are excellent candidates for use as therapeutic antimicrobial agents. Among them, short peptides possessing sequences of 9-11 amino acids have some advantages over long-sequence peptides. However, one of the main limitations of short peptides is that their mechanism of action at the molecular level is not well-known. In this article, we report a model based on multiscale molecular dynamics simulations of short peptides interacting with vesicles containing palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidylglycerol (POPG)/palmitoyl-oleoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine (POPE). Simulations using this approach have allowed us to understand the different behaviors of peptides with antimicrobial activity with respect to those that do not produce this effect. We found remarkable agreement with a series of experimental results directly supporting our model. Moreover, these results allow us to understand the mechanism of action at the molecular level of these short peptides. Our simulations suggest that mechanical inhomogeneities appear in the membrane, promoting membrane rupture when a threshold concentration of peptides adsorbed on the membrane is achieved. These results explain the high structural demand for these peptides to maintain a delicate balance between the affinity for the bilayer surface, a low peptide-peptide repulsion (in order to reach the threshold concentration), and an acceptable tendency to penetrate into the bilayer. This mechanism is different from those proposed for peptides with long amino acid sequences. Such information is very useful from the medicinal chemistry point of view for the design of new small antimicrobial peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel N Frigini
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis 5700, Argentina
- Biomolecular Simulations Group, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - Rodolfo D Porasso
- Instituto de Matemáticas Aplicada San Luis (IMASL), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Av. Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis 5700, Argentina
| | - Tamás Beke-Somfai
- Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, H-1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - José Javier López Cascales
- Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Grupo de Bioinformática y Macromoleculas (BioMac), Area de Química Física, Aulario II, Campus de Alfonso XIII, 30203 Cartagena, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ricardo D Enriz
- Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-SL), Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, San Luis 5700, Argentina
| | - Sergio Pantano
- Biomolecular Simulations Group, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Seifert EL, Hajnóczky G. Fuel oxidation under the control of mitochondrial shape and dynamics. EMBO J 2023; 42:e114129. [PMID: 37154272 PMCID: PMC10233371 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2023114129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
How mitochondrial shape and substrate-specific metabolism are related has been a difficult question to address. Here, new work by Ngo et al (2023) reports that mitochondrial shape-long versus fragmented-determines the activity of β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acids, supporting a novel role for mitochondrial fission products as β-oxidation hubs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Seifert
- MitoCare Center, Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| | - György Hajnóczky
- MitoCare Center, Department of Pathology and Genomic MedicineThomas Jefferson UniversityPhiladelphiaPAUSA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ngo J, Choi DW, Stanley IA, Stiles L, Molina AJA, Chen P, Lako A, Sung ICH, Goswami R, Kim M, Miller N, Baghdasarian S, Kim‐Vasquez D, Jones AE, Roach B, Gutierrez V, Erion K, Divakaruni AS, Liesa M, Danial NN, Shirihai OS. Mitochondrial morphology controls fatty acid utilization by changing CPT1 sensitivity to malonyl-CoA. EMBO J 2023; 42:e111901. [PMID: 36917141 PMCID: PMC10233380 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022111901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in mitochondrial morphology are associated with nutrient utilization, but the precise causalities and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, using cellular models representing a wide variety of mitochondrial shapes, we show a strong linear correlation between mitochondrial fragmentation and increased fatty acid oxidation (FAO) rates. Forced mitochondrial elongation following MFN2 over-expression or DRP1 depletion diminishes FAO, while forced fragmentation upon knockdown or knockout of MFN2 augments FAO as evident from respirometry and metabolic tracing. Remarkably, the genetic induction of fragmentation phenocopies distinct cell type-specific biological functions of enhanced FAO. These include stimulation of gluconeogenesis in hepatocytes, induction of insulin secretion in islet β-cells exposed to fatty acids, and survival of FAO-dependent lymphoma subtypes. We find that fragmentation increases long-chain but not short-chain FAO, identifying carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1) as the downstream effector of mitochondrial morphology in regulation of FAO. Mechanistically, we determined that fragmentation reduces malonyl-CoA inhibition of CPT1, while elongation increases CPT1 sensitivity to malonyl-CoA inhibition. Overall, these findings underscore a physiologic role for fragmentation as a mechanism whereby cellular fuel preference and FAO capacity are determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Ngo
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Molecular Biology InstituteUCLACALos AngelesUSA
- Department of Molecular and Medical PharmacologyUCLACALos AngelesUSA
- Department of Chemistry & BiochemistryUCLACALos AngelesUSA
- Molecular Biology InstituteUCLACALos AngelesUSA
| | - Dong Wook Choi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana‐Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard Medical SchoolMABostonUSA
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural SciencesChungnam National UniversityDaejeonSouth Korea
| | - Illana A Stanley
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana‐Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard Medical SchoolMABostonUSA
| | - Linsey Stiles
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Molecular Biology InstituteUCLACALos AngelesUSA
- Department of Molecular and Medical PharmacologyUCLACALos AngelesUSA
| | - Anthony J A Molina
- Division of Geriatrics and GerontologyUCSD School of MedicineCALa JollaUSA
| | - Pei‐Hsuan Chen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana‐Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard Medical SchoolMABostonUSA
| | - Ana Lako
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana‐Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard Medical SchoolMABostonUSA
| | - Isabelle Chiao Han Sung
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana‐Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard Medical SchoolMABostonUSA
- Yale‐NUS CollegeUniversity Town, NUSSingapore
| | - Rishov Goswami
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana‐Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard Medical SchoolMABostonUSA
| | - Min‐young Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural SciencesChungnam National UniversityDaejeonSouth Korea
| | - Nathanael Miller
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Molecular Biology InstituteUCLACALos AngelesUSA
- Obesity Research Center, Molecular MedicineBoston University School of MedicineMABostonUSA
| | - Siyouneh Baghdasarian
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Molecular Biology InstituteUCLACALos AngelesUSA
| | - Doyeon Kim‐Vasquez
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Molecular Biology InstituteUCLACALos AngelesUSA
| | - Anthony E Jones
- Department of Molecular and Medical PharmacologyUCLACALos AngelesUSA
| | - Brett Roach
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Molecular Biology InstituteUCLACALos AngelesUSA
| | - Vincent Gutierrez
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Molecular Biology InstituteUCLACALos AngelesUSA
| | - Karel Erion
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Molecular Biology InstituteUCLACALos AngelesUSA
| | - Ajit S Divakaruni
- Department of Molecular and Medical PharmacologyUCLACALos AngelesUSA
| | - Marc Liesa
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Molecular Biology InstituteUCLACALos AngelesUSA
- Department of Molecular and Medical PharmacologyUCLACALos AngelesUSA
- Molecular Biology InstituteUCLACALos AngelesUSA
- Molecular Biology Institute of BarcelonaIBMB‐CSICBarcelonaSpain
| | - Nika N Danial
- Department of Cancer Biology, Dana‐Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard Medical SchoolMABostonUSA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana‐Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard Medical SchoolMABostonUSA
- Department of MedicineHarvard Medical SchoolMABostonUSA
| | - Orian S Shirihai
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, Molecular Biology InstituteUCLACALos AngelesUSA
- Department of Molecular and Medical PharmacologyUCLACALos AngelesUSA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu Y, Birsoy K. Metabolic sensing and control in mitochondria. Mol Cell 2023; 83:877-889. [PMID: 36931256 PMCID: PMC10332353 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2023.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are membrane-enclosed organelles with endosymbiotic origins, harboring independent genomes and a unique biochemical reaction network. To perform their critical functions, mitochondria must maintain a distinct biochemical environment and coordinate with the cytosolic metabolic networks of the host cell. This coordination requires them to sense and control metabolites and respond to metabolic stresses. Indeed, mitochondria adopt feedback or feedforward control strategies to restrain metabolic toxicity, enable metabolic conservation, ensure stable levels of key metabolites, allow metabolic plasticity, and prevent futile cycles. A diverse panel of metabolic sensors mediates these regulatory circuits whose malfunctioning leads to inborn errors of metabolism with mild to severe clinical manifestations. In this review, we discuss the logic and molecular basis of metabolic sensing and control in mitochondria. The past research outlined recurring patterns in mitochondrial metabolic sensing and control and highlighted key knowledge gaps in this organelle that are potentially addressable with emerging technological breakthroughs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Liu
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kıvanç Birsoy
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Genetics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sokolova A, Galic M. Modulation of self-organizing circuits at deforming membranes by intracellular and extracellular factors. Biol Chem 2023; 404:417-425. [PMID: 36626681 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2022-0290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Mechanical forces exerted to the plasma membrane induce cell shape changes. These transient shape changes trigger, among others, enrichment of curvature-sensitive molecules at deforming membrane sites. Strikingly, some curvature-sensing molecules not only detect membrane deformation but can also alter the amplitude of forces that caused to shape changes in the first place. This dual ability of sensing and inducing membrane deformation leads to the formation of curvature-dependent self-organizing signaling circuits. How these cell-autonomous circuits are affected by auxiliary parameters from inside and outside of the cell has remained largely elusive. Here, we explore how such factors modulate self-organization at the micro-scale and its emerging properties at the macroscale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiia Sokolova
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Straße 31, 48149 Münster, Germany.,CiM-IMRPS Graduate Program, Schlossplatz 5, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Milos Galic
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Straße 31, 48149 Münster, Germany.,'Cells in Motion' Interfaculty Centre, University of Münster, Röntgenstraße 16, 48149 Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Frigini EN, Porasso RD. Effect of Ionic Strength on Ibuprofenate Adsorption on a Lipid Bilayer of Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine from Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:1941-1950. [PMID: 35226503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c09301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the free energy change in the process of transferring ibuprofenate from the bulk solution to the center of a model of the dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine bilayer at different NaCl concentrations was calculated. Two minima were found in the free energy profile: a local minimum, located in the vicinity of the membrane, and the global free energy minimum, found near the headgroup region. The downward shift of free energy minima with increasing NaCl concentration is consistent with the results of previous works. Conversely, the upward shift of the free energy maximum with increasing ionic strength is due to the competition of sodium ions and lipids molecules to coordinate with ibuprofenate and neutralize its charge. In addition, normal molecular dynamics simulations were performed to study the effects of the ibuprofenate on the lipid bilayer and in the presence of a high ibuprofenate concentration. The effect of ionic strength on the properties of the lipid bilayer and on lipid-drug interactions was analyzed. The area per lipid shrinking with increasing ionic strength, volume of lipids, and thickness of the bilayer is consistent with the experimental results. At a very high ibuprofenate concentration, the lipid bilayer dehydrates, and it consequently transforms into the gel phase, thus blocking the permeation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel N Frigini
- Instituto de Matemáticas Aplicada San Luis, CONICET, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Avenida Ejército de los Andes 950, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - Rodolfo D Porasso
- Instituto de Matemáticas Aplicada San Luis, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Físico Matemáticas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Avenida Ejército de los Andes 950, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mitochondrial Lipid Homeostasis at the Crossroads of Liver and Heart Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22136949. [PMID: 34203309 PMCID: PMC8268967 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22136949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) is a rapidly increasing problem, affecting a huge population around the globe. However, CVDs (cardiovascular diseases) are the most common cause of mortality in NAFLD patients. Atherogenic dyslipidemia, characterized by plasma hypertriglyceridemia, increased small dense LDL (low-density lipoprotein) particles, and decreased HDL-C (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol) levels, is often observed in NAFLD patients. In this review, we summarize recent genetic evidence, proving the diverse nature of metabolic pathways involved in NAFLD pathogenesis. Analysis of available genetic data suggests that the altered operation of fatty-acid β-oxidation in liver mitochondria is the key process, connecting NAFLD-mediated dyslipidemia and elevated CVD risk. In addition, we discuss several NAFLD-associated genes with documented anti-atherosclerotic or cardioprotective effects, and current pharmaceutical strategies focused on both NAFLD treatment and reduction of CVD risk.
Collapse
|
9
|
Frigini EN, López Cascales JJ, Porasso RD. Influence of Lipid Composition on the Insertion Process of Glyphosate into Membranes: A Thermodynamic Study. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:184-192. [PMID: 33375787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c09561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, molecular dynamics simulations were applied to investigate the influence of lipid composition of the model membrane on the insertion of glyphosate (in its charged state, GLYP2-). The profiles of free energy, entropy and enthalpy were obtained through umbrella sampling calculations, for lipid bilayers composed by only 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), only 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphoserine (DPPS) or a symmetric binary mixture of DPPC and DPPS. In general, the location, the values of minima and maxima of the free energy, and the trend of free energy profiles are influenced by the lipid composition of the lipid bilayer. The driving force in the glyphosate insertion process depends on the lipid composition of the membrane model. If the lipid bilayer is composed solely of DPPS or DPPC, GLYP2- insertion is driven by a favorable enthalpic change. However, if the membrane is composed of a mixture of both lipids, this process is driven by a favorable entropic change. In the lipid bilayer containing DPPS, the glyphosate was found to penetrate hydrated and coordinated with Na+ ions, in contrast to the pure zwitterionic lipid bilayer which penetrated only hydrated. This effect is independent of the concentration of sodium ions present in the bulk solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ezequiel N Frigini
- Instituto de Matemáticas Aplicada San Luis (IMASL), CONICET, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Avenue Ejército de los Andes 950, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| | - J J López Cascales
- Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Grupo de Bioinformática y Macromoléculas (BioMac), Área de Química Física, Aulario II, Campus de Alfonso XIII, 30203 Cartagena, Murcia, Spain
| | - Rodolfo D Porasso
- Instituto de Matemáticas Aplicada San Luis (IMASL), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Física Matemáticas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Avenue Ejército de los Andes 950, 5700 San Luis, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sun B, Hayashi M, Kudo M, Wu L, Qin L, Gao M, Liu T. Madecassoside Inhibits Body Weight Gain via Modulating SIRT1-AMPK Signaling Pathway and Activating Genes Related to Thermogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:627950. [PMID: 33767670 PMCID: PMC7985537 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.627950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-clinical research studies have shown that Madecassoside (MA) has favorable therapeutic effects on arthritis, acne, vitiligo and other diseases. However, the effects of MA on obesity have not yet been studied. This study mainly aimed to investigate the effects of MA in protecting against obesity and its underlying mechanism in reducing obesity. METHODS Obese diabetic KKay/TaJcl mice model was adopted to the study. The body weight of all animals was recorded daily, and the blood glucose, blood lipid, and serum aminotransferase levels were examined, respectively. The expression of P-AMPK, SIRT1, P-LKB1, P-ACC, and P-HSL in abdominal fat, mesenteric fat, and epididymal fat was measured by western blotting, and the levels of PPARα, CPT1a, PGC-1α, UCP-1, Cidea, Cox7a1, and Cox8b were examined by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). RESULTS The results revealed that the body weight of the mice in MA group was significantly reduced, and the body mass index (BMI) showed significant difference between the two groups after 8 weeks of MA treatment. Further research revealed that it affected the mesenteric fat and epididymis fat by activating SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway, and then promoted fatty acid oxidation of epididymal fat (PPARα ↑, CPT1a↑, and PGC-1α↑). Last but not the least, it also promoted the expression of UCP-1 and stimulated thermoregulatory genes (Cidea, Cox7a1, and Cox8b) in brown fat and mesenteric fat. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these findings suggest that MA can inhibit the weight gain in obese diabetic mice, and reduce triglyceride levels, inhibit lipogenesis of mesenteric fat, promote epididymal fat lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation. Furthermore, MA treatment might promote mesenteric fat browning and activate mitochondrial function in brown fat as well as mesenteric fat.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boju Sun
- Second Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Misa Hayashi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Maya Kudo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Lili Wu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Qin
- Technology Department, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Hyogo, Japan
- Institute for Biosciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Hyogo, Japan
- *Correspondence: Ming Gao, ; Tonghua Liu,
| | - Tonghua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Ming Gao, ; Tonghua Liu,
| |
Collapse
|