1
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Forero A, Pipicelli F, Moser S, Baumann N, Grätz C, Gonzalez Pisfil M, Pfaffl MW, Pütz B, Kielkowski P, Cernilogar FM, Maccarrone G, Di Giaimo R, Cappello S. Extracellular vesicle-mediated trafficking of molecular cues during human brain development. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114755. [PMID: 39302835 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellular crosstalk is an essential process influenced by numerous factors, including secreted vesicles that transfer nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins between cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been the center of many studies focusing on neurodegenerative disorders, but whether EVs display cell-type-specific features for cellular crosstalk during neurodevelopment is unknown. Here, using human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cerebral organoids, neural progenitors, neurons, and astrocytes, we identify heterogeneity in EV protein content and dynamics in a cell-type-specific and time-dependent manner. Our results support the trafficking of key molecules via EVs in neurodevelopment, such as the transcription factor YAP1, and their localization to differing cell compartments depending on the EV recipient cell type. This study sheds new light on the biology of EVs during human brain development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Forero
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; Division of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Fabrizia Pipicelli
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Sylvain Moser
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Natalia Baumann
- Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Christian Grätz
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Mariano Gonzalez Pisfil
- Core Facility Bioimaging and Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Center, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Michael W Pfaffl
- Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany
| | - Benno Pütz
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Pavel Kielkowski
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Filippo M Cernilogar
- Division of Molecular Biology, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Munich, Germany; Department of Science and Technological Innovation, University of Piemonte Orientale, Alessandria, Italy
| | | | - Rossella Di Giaimo
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Silvia Cappello
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; Division of Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center (BMC), Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University (LMU), Munich, Germany.
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2
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Pizzella A, Penna E, Abate N, Frenna E, Canafoglia L, Ragona F, Russo R, Chambery A, Perrone-Capano C, Cappello S, Crispino M, Di Giaimo R. Pathological Deficit of Cystatin B Impairs Synaptic Plasticity in EPM1 Human Cerebral Organoids. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:4318-4334. [PMID: 38087165 PMCID: PMC11236866 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03812-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Cystatin B (CSTB) is a small protease inhibitor protein being involved in cell proliferation and neuronal differentiation. Loss-of-function mutations in CSTB gene cause progressive myoclonic epilepsy 1 (EPM1). We previously demonstrated that CSTB is locally synthesized in synaptic nerve terminals from rat brain and secreted into the media, indicating its role in synaptic plasticity. In this work, we have further investigated the involvement of CSTB in synaptic plasticity, using synaptosomes from human cerebral organoids (hCOs) as well as from rodents' brain. Our data demonstrate that CSTB is released from synaptosomes in two ways: (i) as a soluble protein and (ii) in extracellular vesicles-mediated pathway. Synaptosomes isolated from hCOs are enriched in pre-synaptic proteins and contain CSTB at all developmental stages analyzed. CSTB presence in the synaptic territories was also confirmed by immunostaining on human neurons in vitro. To investigate if the depletion of CSTB affects synaptic plasticity, we characterized the synaptosomes from EPM1 hCOs. We found that the levels of presynaptic proteins and of an initiation factor linked to local protein synthesis were both reduced in EPM1 hCOs and that the extracellular vesicles trafficking pathway was impaired. Moreover, EPM1 neurons displayed anomalous morphology with longer and more branched neurites bearing higher number of intersections and nodes, suggesting connectivity alterations. In conclusion, our data strengthen the idea that CSTB plays a critical role in the synapse physiology and reveal that pathologically low levels of CSTB may affect synaptic plasticity, leading to synaptopathy and altered neuronal morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Pizzella
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Eduardo Penna
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, 91766, USA
| | - Natalia Abate
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Elisa Frenna
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Laura Canafoglia
- Integrated Diagnostics for Epilepsy, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ragona
- Department of Pediatric Neuroscience, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosita Russo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Angela Chambery
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Cappello
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
- Biomedical Center, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marianna Crispino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Rossella Di Giaimo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
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3
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Žerovnik E. Human stefin B: from its structure, folding, and aggregation to its function in health and disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1009976. [PMID: 36340691 PMCID: PMC9634419 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1009976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the gene for human stefin B (cystatin B) cause progressive myoclonic epilepsy type 1 (EPM1), a neurodegenerative disorder. The most common change is dodecamer repeats in the promoter region of the gene, though missense and frameshift mutations also appear. Human stefin B primarily acts as a cysteine cathepsin inhibitor, and it also exhibits alternative functions. It plays a protective role against oxidative stress, likely via reducing mitochondrial damage and thus generating fewer mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS). Accordingly, lack of stefin B results in increased inflammation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, producing more ROS. The protein is cytosolic but also has an important role in the nucleus, where it prevents cleavage of the N terminal part of histone 3 by inhibiting cathepsins L and B and thus regulates transcription and cell cycle. Furthermore, it has been shown that stefin B is oligomeric in cells and that it has a specific role in the physiology of the synapse and in vesicular transport. On the basis of my research team's data on the structure, folding, and aggregation of stefin B, we have proposed that it might regulate proteostasis, possessing a chaperone-like function. In this review, I synthesize these observations and derive some conclusions on possible sources of EPM1 pathology. The interaction partners of stefin B and other gene mutations leading to EPM1-like pathology are discussed and common pathways are pinpointed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Žerovnik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Jožef Stefan International Postgraduate School, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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4
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Perrone-Capano C, Volpicelli F, Penna E, Chun JT, Crispino M. Presynaptic protein synthesis and brain plasticity: From physiology to neuropathology. Prog Neurobiol 2021; 202:102051. [PMID: 33845165 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2021.102051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
To form and maintain extremely intricate and functional neural circuitry, mammalian neurons are typically endowed with highly arborized dendrites and a long axon. The synapses that link neurons to neurons or to other cells are numerous and often too remote for the cell body to make and deliver new proteins to the right place in time. Moreover, synapses undergo continuous activity-dependent changes in their number and strength, establishing the basis of neural plasticity. The innate dilemma is then how a highly complex neuron provides new proteins for its cytoplasmic periphery and individual synapses to support synaptic plasticity. Here, we review a growing body of evidence that local protein synthesis in discrete sites of the axon and presynaptic terminals plays crucial roles in synaptic plasticity, and that deregulation of this local translation system is implicated in various pathologies of the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Perrone-Capano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy; Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati Traverso", CNR, Naples, Italy.
| | | | - Eduardo Penna
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
| | - Jong Tai Chun
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy.
| | - Marianna Crispino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
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5
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Ayo-Martin AC, Kyrousi C, Di Giaimo R, Cappello S. GNG5 Controls the Number of Apical and Basal Progenitors and Alters Neuronal Migration During Cortical Development. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:578137. [PMID: 33330619 PMCID: PMC7673377 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.578137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cortical development is a very complex process in which any temporal or spatial alterations can give rise to a wide range of cortical malformations. Among those malformations, periventricular heterotopia (PH) is characterized by clusters of neurons that do not migrate to the correct place. Cerebral organoids derived from patients with mutations in DCHS1 and FAT4, which have been associated with PH, exhibit higher levels of GNG5 expression in a patient-specific cluster of neurons. Here we investigate the role of GNG5 during the development of the cerebral cortex in mice and human cerebral organoids. GNG5, highly expressed in progenitors and downregulated in neurons, is critical for controlling the number of apical and basal progenitors and neuronal migration. Moreover, forced expression of GNG5 recapitulates some of the alterations observed upon downregulation of Dchs1 and Fat4 in mice and human cerebral organoids derived from DCHS1 and FAT4 patients, suggesting a critical role of GNG5 in cortical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ane Cristina Ayo-Martin
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.,International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
| | | | - Rossella Di Giaimo
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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6
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Di Giaimo R, Penna E, Pizzella A, Cirillo R, Perrone-Capano C, Crispino M. Cross Talk at the Cytoskeleton-Plasma Membrane Interface: Impact on Neuronal Morphology and Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21239133. [PMID: 33266269 PMCID: PMC7730950 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21239133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytoskeleton and its associated proteins present at the plasma membrane not only determine the cell shape but also modulate important aspects of cell physiology such as intracellular transport including secretory and endocytic pathways. Continuous remodeling of the cell structure and intense communication with extracellular environment heavily depend on interactions between cytoskeletal elements and plasma membrane. This review focuses on the plasma membrane-cytoskeleton interface in neurons, with a special emphasis on the axon and nerve endings. We discuss the interaction between the cytoskeleton and membrane mainly in two emerging topics of neurobiology: (i) production and release of extracellular vesicles and (ii) local synthesis of new proteins at the synapses upon signaling cues. Both of these events contribute to synaptic plasticity. Our review provides new insights into the physiological and pathological significance of the cytoskeleton-membrane interface in the nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossella Di Giaimo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (A.P.); (R.C.)
- Correspondence: (R.D.G.); (M.C.)
| | - Eduardo Penna
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (A.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Amelia Pizzella
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (A.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Raffaella Cirillo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (A.P.); (R.C.)
| | - Carla Perrone-Capano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati Traverso”, National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Crispino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (A.P.); (R.C.)
- Correspondence: (R.D.G.); (M.C.)
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7
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Penna E, Pizzella A, Cimmino F, Trinchese G, Cavaliere G, Catapano A, Allocca I, Chun JT, Campanozzi A, Messina G, Precenzano F, Lanzara V, Messina A, Monda V, Monda M, Perrone-Capano C, Mollica MP, Crispino M. Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Effect of High-Fat Diet on Synaptic Plasticity and Mitochondrial Functions. Brain Sci 2020; 10:brainsci10110805. [PMID: 33142719 PMCID: PMC7694125 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci10110805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) include diverse neuropathologies characterized by abnormal brain development leading to impaired cognition, communication and social skills. A common feature of NDDs is defective synaptic plasticity, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are only partially known. Several studies have indicated that people’s lifestyles such as diet pattern and physical exercise have significant influence on synaptic plasticity of the brain. Indeed, it has been reported that a high-fat diet (HFD, with 30–50% fat content), which leads to systemic low-grade inflammation, has also a detrimental effect on synaptic efficiency. Interestingly, metabolic alterations associated with obesity in pregnant woman may represent a risk factor for NDDs in the offspring. In this review, we have discussed the potential molecular mechanisms linking the HFD-induced metabolic dysfunctions to altered synaptic plasticity underlying NDDs, with a special emphasis on the roles played by synaptic protein synthesis and mitochondrial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Penna
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (A.P.); (F.C.); (G.T.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (I.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Amelia Pizzella
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (A.P.); (F.C.); (G.T.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (I.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Fabiano Cimmino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (A.P.); (F.C.); (G.T.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (I.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Giovanna Trinchese
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (A.P.); (F.C.); (G.T.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (I.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Gina Cavaliere
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (A.P.); (F.C.); (G.T.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (I.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Angela Catapano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (A.P.); (F.C.); (G.T.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (I.A.); (M.C.)
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Ivana Allocca
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (A.P.); (F.C.); (G.T.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (I.A.); (M.C.)
| | - Jong Tai Chun
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy;
| | - Angelo Campanozzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Giovanni Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy;
| | - Francesco Precenzano
- Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.P.); (V.L.)
| | - Valentina Lanzara
- Department of Mental Health, Physical and Preventive Medicine, Clinic of Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (F.P.); (V.L.)
| | - Antonietta Messina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetics and Sports Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Vincenzo Monda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy;
| | - Marcellino Monda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Human Physiology and Unit of Dietetics and Sports Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.M.); (M.M.)
| | - Carla Perrone-Capano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics “Adriano Buzzati Traverso”, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Pina Mollica
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (A.P.); (F.C.); (G.T.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (I.A.); (M.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-081-679990; Fax: +39-081-679233
| | - Marianna Crispino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy; (E.P.); (A.P.); (F.C.); (G.T.); (G.C.); (A.C.); (I.A.); (M.C.)
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8
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Di Matteo F, Pipicelli F, Kyrousi C, Tovecci I, Penna E, Crispino M, Chambery A, Russo R, Ayo-Martin AC, Giordano M, Hoffmann A, Ciusani E, Canafoglia L, Götz M, Di Giaimo R, Cappello S. Cystatin B is essential for proliferation and interneuron migration in individuals with EPM1 epilepsy. EMBO Mol Med 2020; 12:e11419. [PMID: 32378798 PMCID: PMC7278547 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201911419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME) of Unverricht–Lundborg type (EPM1) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disorder with the highest incidence of PME worldwide. Mutations in the gene encoding cystatin B (CSTB) are the primary genetic cause of EPM1. Here, we investigate the role of CSTB during neurogenesis in vivo in the developing mouse brain and in vitro in human cerebral organoids (hCOs) derived from EPM1 patients. We find that CSTB (but not one of its pathological variants) is secreted into the mouse cerebral spinal fluid and the conditioned media from hCOs. In embryonic mouse brain, we find that functional CSTB influences progenitors’ proliferation and modulates neuronal distribution by attracting interneurons to the site of secretion via cell‐non‐autonomous mechanisms. Similarly, in patient‐derived hCOs, low levels of functional CSTB result in an alteration of progenitor's proliferation, premature differentiation, and changes in interneurons migration. Secretion and extracellular matrix organization are the biological processes particularly affected as suggested by a proteomic analysis in patients’ hCOs. Overall, our study sheds new light on the cellular mechanisms underlying the development of EPM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Di Matteo
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.,International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
| | - Fabrizia Pipicelli
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.,International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
| | | | - Isabella Tovecci
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Eduardo Penna
- Department of Biology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Angela Chambery
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Rosita Russo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Ane Cristina Ayo-Martin
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.,International Max Planck Research School for Translational Psychiatry (IMPRS-TP), Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Emilio Ciusani
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Magdalena Götz
- Physiological Genomics, Biomedical Center (BMC), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet (LMU), Planegg/Martinsried, Germany.,Helmholtz Center Munich, Biomedical Center (BMC), Institute of Stem Cell Research, Planegg/Martinsried, Germany.,SyNergy Excellence Cluster, Munich, Germany
| | - Rossella Di Giaimo
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy
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9
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Pepe S, Scarlato V, Roncarati D. The Helicobacter pylori HspR-Modulator CbpA Is a Multifunctional Heat-Shock Protein. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8020251. [PMID: 32069975 PMCID: PMC7074700 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8020251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The medically important human pathogen Helicobacter pylori relies on a collection of highly conserved heat-shock and chaperone proteins to preserve the integrity of cellular polypeptides and to control their homeostasis in response to external stress and changing environmental conditions. Among this set of chaperones, the CbpA protein has been shown to play a regulatory role in heat-shock gene regulation by directly interacting with the master stress-responsive repressor HspR. Apart from this regulatory role, little is known so far about CbpA functional activities. Using biochemistry and molecular biology approaches, we have started the in vitro functional characterization of H. pylori CbpA. Specifically, we show that CbpA is a multifunctional protein, being able to bind DNA and to stimulate the ATPase activity of the major chaperone DnaK. In addition, we report a preliminary observation suggesting that CbpA DNA-binding activity can be affected by the direct interaction with the heat-shock master repressor HspR, supporting the hypothesis of a reciprocal crosstalk between these two proteins. Thus, our work defines novel functions for H. pylori CbpA and stimulates further studies aimed at the comprehension of the complex regulatory interplay among chaperones and heat-shock transcriptional regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vincenzo Scarlato
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (D.R.); Tel.: +39-051-2094204 (V.S.); +39-051-2099320 (D.R.)
| | - Davide Roncarati
- Correspondence: (V.S.); (D.R.); Tel.: +39-051-2094204 (V.S.); +39-051-2099320 (D.R.)
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10
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Penna E, Cerciello A, Chambery A, Russo R, Cernilogar FM, Pedone EM, Perrone-Capano C, Cappello S, Di Giaimo R, Crispino M. Cystatin B Involvement in Synapse Physiology of Rodent Brains and Human Cerebral Organoids. Front Mol Neurosci 2019; 12:195. [PMID: 31467503 PMCID: PMC6707391 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2019.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystatin B (CSTB) is a ubiquitous protein belonging to a superfamily of protease inhibitors. CSTB may play a critical role in brain physiology because its mutations cause progressive myoclonic epilepsy-1A (EPM1A), the most common form of progressive myoclonic epilepsy. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the role of CSTB in the central nervous system (CNS) are largely unknown. To investigate the possible involvement of CSTB in the synaptic plasticity, we analyzed its expression in synaptosomes as a model system in studying the physiology of the synaptic regions of the CNS. We found that CSTB is not only present in the synaptosomes isolated from rat and mouse brain cortex, but also secreted into the medium in a depolarization-controlled manner. In addition, using biorthogonal noncanonical amino acid tagging (BONCAT) procedure, we demonstrated, for the first time, that CSTB is locally synthesized in the synaptosomes. The synaptic localization of CSTB was confirmed in a human 3D model of cortical development, namely cerebral organoids. Altogether, these results suggest that CSTB may play a role in the brain plasticity and open a new perspective in studying the involvement of CSTB deregulation in neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Penna
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Cerciello
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Chambery
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Rosita Russo
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | - Filippo M Cernilogar
- Division of Molecular Biology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, LMU, Munich, Germany
| | - Emilia Maria Pedone
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Perrone-Capano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "Adriano Buzzati Traverso", National Research Council (CNR), Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Cappello
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Rossella Di Giaimo
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.,Department of Developmental Neurobiology, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Marianna Crispino
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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11
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Yao Y, Yang Y, He X, Wang X. miR-16-1 expression, heat shock protein 70 and inflammatory reactions in astrocytes of mice with epilepsy induced by encephalitis B virus infection. Exp Ther Med 2017; 14:495-498. [PMID: 28672958 PMCID: PMC5488623 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2017.4513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The upregulation of miR-16-1 expression and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and inflammatory reaction mechanism in astrocytes of mice with epilepsy induced by encephalitis B virus infection were studied. Six-to-eight-week-old healthy male C57BL/6 mice received intraperitoneal injection of pilocarpine (320-340 mg/kg, 40 mg/ml) to induce status epilepsy. After 7 days, mice were inoculated with 100 µl Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) in the neck, including 6.25×23 PFU Japanese encephalitis virus P3 wild strain. The experiment was divided into 4 groups, including, the healthy control group, the epilepsy model group, the model group + negative inoculation group and the virus infection group with 10 mice in each group. The healthy control group received intraperitoneal injection of the same amount of normal saline; the model group + negative inoculation group was injected with the same amount of DMEM without P3. One and three days after infection, 5 mice from each group were sacrificed, hippocampus tissues were obtained and astrocytes were isolated. After purification, glial fibrillary acidic protein was identified by immunohistochemical staining. Infected glial cells were detected by P3 antigen of immunofluorescence staining. RT-PCR method was used to detect the expression of miR-16-1 mRNA in astrocytes. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of HSP70. ELISA method was used to detect the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) inflammatory factors in tail vein blood. Level of expression of miR-16-1 mRNA, HSP70 as well as IL-6, TNF-α and NF-κB inflammatory factor levels of virus infected mice of 1 and 3 days were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those of model group and negative inoculation group and lowest in control group. In conclusion, the level of expression of miR-16-1 and HSP70 can be increased by the infection of Japanese encephalitis virus on the astrocytes of mice with epilepsy, to promote the expression of IL-6, TNF-α and NF-κB of inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yao
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yujia Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xuehua He
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xia Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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12
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Žerovnik E. Putative alternative functions of human stefin B (cystatin B): binding to amyloid-beta, membranes, and copper. J Mol Recognit 2016; 30. [PMID: 27577977 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.2562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Revised: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We describe studies performed thus far on stefin B from the family of cystatins as a model protein for folding and amyloid fibril formation studies. We also briefly mention our studies on aggregation of some of the missense EPM1 mutants of stefin B in cells, which mimic additional pathological traits (gain in toxic function) in selected patients with EPM1 disease. We collected data on the reported interactors of stefin B and discuss several hypotheses of possible cytosolic alternative functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Žerovnik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,CipKeBip-Centre of Excellence for Integrated Approaches in Chemistry and Biology of Proteins, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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