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Romon I, Gonzalez-Barrera S, Coello de Portugal C, Ocio E, Sampedro I. Brave new world: expanding home care in stem cell transplantation and advanced therapies with new technologies. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1366962. [PMID: 38736880 PMCID: PMC11082320 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1366962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and cell therapies like CAR-T are costly, complex therapeutic procedures. Outpatient models, including at-home transplantation, have been developed, resulting in similar survival results, reduced costs, and increased patient satisfaction. The complexity and safety of the process can be addressed with various emerging technologies (artificial intelligence, wearable sensors, point-of-care analytical devices, drones, virtual assistants) that allow continuous patient monitoring and improved decision-making processes. Patients, caregivers, and staff can also benefit from improved training with simulation or virtual reality. However, many technical, operational, and above all, ethical concerns need to be addressed. Finally, outpatient or at-home hematopoietic transplantation or CAR-T therapy creates a different, integrated operative system that must be planned, designed, and carefully adapted to the patient's characteristics and distance from the hospital. Patients, clinicians, and their clinical environments can benefit from technically improved at-home transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iñigo Romon
- Transfusion Section, Hematology Department, University Hospital “Marques de Valdecilla”, Santander, Spain
| | - Soledad Gonzalez-Barrera
- Home Hospitalization Department, University Hospital “Marques de Valdecilla” - Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
| | | | - Enrique Ocio
- Hematology Department, University Hospital “Marques de Valdecilla” - IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Isabel Sampedro
- Home Hospitalization Department, University Hospital “Marques de Valdecilla” - Instituto de Investigación Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, Spain
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2
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Prockop S, Wachter F. The current landscape: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2023; 36:101485. [PMID: 37611999 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2023.101485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
One of the consistent features in development of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HCT) for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the rapidity with which discoveries in the laboratory are translated into innovations in clinical care. Just a few years after murine studies demonstrated that rescue from radiation induced marrow failure is mediated by cellular not humoral factors, E. Donnall Thomas reported on the transfer of bone marrow cells into irradiated leukemia patients. This was followed quickly by the first descriptions of Graft versus Leukemia (GvL) effect and Graft versus Host Disease (GvHD). Despite the pivotal nature of these findings, early human transplants were uniformly unsuccessful and identified the challenges that continue to thwart transplanters today - leukemic relapse, regimen related toxicity, and GvHD. While originally only an option for young, fit patients with a matched family donor, expansion of the donor pool to include unrelated donors, umbilical cord blood units, and more recently the growing use of haploidentical donors have all made transplant a more accessible therapy for patients with ALL. Novel agents for conditioning, prevention and treatment of GvHD have improved outcomes and investigators continue to develop novel treatment strategies that balance regimen related toxicity with disease control. Our evolving understanding of how to prevent and treat GvHD and how to prevent relapse are incorporated into novel clinical trials that are expected to further improve outcomes. Here we review current considerations and future directions for both adult and pediatric patients undergoing HCT for ALL, including indication for transplant, donor selection, cytoreductive regimens, and outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Prockop
- Pediatric Stem Cell Transplant Program, DFCI/BCH Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
| | - Franziska Wachter
- Pediatric Stem Cell Transplant Program, DFCI/BCH Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, United States.
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3
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Jaimovich G, Lazarus HM, Gale RP. Hematopoietic cell transplants in resource-poor countries: challenges and opportunities. Expert Rev Hematol 2023; 16:163-169. [PMID: 36919565 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2023.2191946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Numbers of hematopoietic cell transplants continue to increase globally but most of this activity is in resource-rich countries. Limitations to increasing transplant activity in resource-poor countries include lack of sophisticated personnel and infrastructure, complexity in identifying and accessing donors, unavailability of some new drugs and high cost. AREAS COVERED We searched the biomedical literature for hematopoietic cell transplants and resource-rich and resource-poor countries. Recent advances which potentially make transplants more accessible in resource-poor countries include: (1) outpatient transplants; (2) grafts stored at 4°C; (3) less intensive pretransplant conditioning; (4) use of generic drugs; (5) less complex and costly donor access; and (6) increased collaboration with transplant centers in resource-rich countries. EXPERT OPINION We reviewed publications on the limitations and solutions discussed above. Paradoxically, most data we analyzed originate from resource-rich countries. We found no convincing epidemiological data to support a recent increased transplant rate in resource-poor countries yet but hope to see increases soon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Jaimovich
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation, Favaloro University Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hillard M Lazarus
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Robert Peter Gale
- Centre for Haematology, Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Imperial Collage London, London, UK
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Singhal S, Saadeh SS, Durani U, Kansagra A, Alkhateeb HB, Shah MV, Mangaonkar A, Kenderian S, Hashmi S, Patnaik MV, Litzow MR, Hogan WJ. Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in the Outpatient Setting: The Mayo Clinic Experience. Transplant Cell Ther 2023; 29:183.e1-183.e6. [PMID: 36584940 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2022.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCT) are intensive and potentially curative modalities available for a variety of hematological diseases. Although alloHSCTs are typically performed in an inpatient setting, there has been increasing interest in moving them to the outpatient setting. AlloHSCTs are associated with a median length of hospital stay of 30 days. AlloHSCTs in the inpatient setting may increase patient exposure to nosocomial infections, drug-resistant organisms, rapid deconditioning with time spent in hospital beds, and loss of muscle mass. In this study, we aim to share outcomes of 856 consecutive alloHSCTs done in our institute over the past 2 decades. This is a single-center retrospective chart review encompassing 856 patients who underwent outpatient alloHSCTs between 2000 and 2017. Reduced-intensity conditioning, stem cell infusion, and much of the immediate follow-up in the early alloHSCT period was performed on an outpatient basis with daily evaluation, laboratory assessment, and intervention as needed. Rate of non-routine hospital admission was our primary outcome of interest. We also looked at various secondary outcomes, including causes of admission, median length of stay, and in-hospital mortality rate. Data analysis was performed using STATA statistical software Version 15. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize baseline demographic data and outcomes. Logistic regression modeling was used to identify predictors of hospital admission. We observed that about one third of our cohort never required admission to the hospital throughout the first 100 days after HSCT. Among those admitted, 6.6% experienced a direct admission to the intensive care unit, and the overall in hospital mortality was low at 5%. Furthermore, the median length of stay was noted to be decreased at 6 days compared to a median reported 30 days in existing literature. Overall, we observed favorable safety profile and outcomes with outpatient management of HSCTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sachi Singhal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Crozer-Chester Medical Center, Upland, Pennsylvania; Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Salwa S Saadeh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan
| | - Urshila Durani
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Ankit Kansagra
- Department of Internal Medicine, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Texas
| | | | - Mithun V Shah
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | | | - Saad Kenderian
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Shahrukh Hashmi
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Hematology/Oncology, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City/ Mayo Clinic, Abu Dhabi
| | | | - Mark R Litzow
- Department of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Gómez-Almaguer D, Gómez-De León A, Colunga-Pedraza PR, Cantú-Rodríguez OG, Gutierrez-Aguirre CH, Ruíz-Arguelles G. Outpatient allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation: a review. Ther Adv Hematol 2022; 13:20406207221080739. [PMID: 35237396 PMCID: PMC8882949 DOI: 10.1177/20406207221080739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) is usually performed in
well-equipped units inside a hospital. The cost of this in-hospital transplant
is usually very high; therefore, this procedure is more difficult to perform in
low- and middle-income countries. Autologous outpatient HSCT is now a common
procedure; however, outpatient allogeneic transplants are more complicated. Only
a few centers in the world have incorporated outpatient HSCT. This transplant
requires special adaptation, like a day hospital, careful selection of patients,
oral medications, and the patient must live relatively close to the hospital.
The results until now suggest that this outpatient transplant is factible and
similar to inpatient HSCT. The objective was to review and describe the
different methods and results following an outpatient allogeneic-HSCT
strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Gómez-Almaguer
- Hematology Service, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario ‘Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez’, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Francisco I. Madero Ave., Mitras Centro, Monterrey 64460, Nuevo León, México
| | - Andrés Gómez-De León
- Hematology Service, Hospital Universitario ‘Dr. José Eleuterio González’, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Perla R. Colunga-Pedraza
- Hematology Service, Hospital Universitario ‘Dr. José Eleuterio González’, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - Olga G. Cantú-Rodríguez
- Hematology Service, Hospital Universitario ‘Dr. José Eleuterio González’, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
| | - César Homero Gutierrez-Aguirre
- Hematology Service, Hospital Universitario ‘Dr. José Eleuterio González’, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
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Hospital and outpatient models for Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A systematic review of comparative studies for health outcomes, experience of care and costs. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254135. [PMID: 34383780 PMCID: PMC8360565 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantations has risen in the past 20 years. The practice of outpatient Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation programs is increasing in an attempt to improve the quality of patient care and reduce the demand for hospital admission. A systematic review of 29 comparative studies between in-hospital and outpatient treatment of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, with no restriction by outpatient regime was conducted. This study aims to analyse the current evidence on the effects of the outpatient model on patient-centred outcomes, comparing both in-hospital and outpatient models for autologous and allogeneic HSCT using the Triple Aim framework: health outcomes, costs and experience of care. We found evidence on improved health outcomes and quality of life, on enhanced safety and effectiveness and on reduced overall costs and hospital stays, with similar results on overall survival rates comparing both models for autologous and allogeneic patients. We also found that the outpatient Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation is a safe practice as well as less costly, it requires fewer days of hospital stay both for autologous and allogeneic transplantations. Under a situation of an increasing number of transplants, rising healthcare costs and shortages of hospital capacity, incorporating outpatient models could improve the quality of care for people requiring Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation programs.
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Lind ML, Roncaioli S, Liu C, Bryan A, Sweet A, Tverdek F, Sorror M, Phipps AI, Pergam SA. Are hematopoietic cell transplant recipients with Gram-negative bacteremia spending more time outpatient while on intravenous antibiotics? Addressing trends over 10 years at a single center. IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE 2021; 9:1786-1794. [PMID: 34289529 PMCID: PMC8589361 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The increasing proportion of outpatient allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplants (HCTs) coupled with increased access of once‐daily broad‐spectrum antibiotics and evidence that outpatient antibiotic treatment may be safer and less costly than inpatient treatment, suggest that allogeneic HCT recipients with Gram‐negative rod bacteremia (GNRBs) are increasingly being treated in ambulatory care settings. Methods Using data from the first GNRB event that occurred within the first 100 days posttransplantation among allogeneic HCT recipients transplanted at a single center between 2007 and 2016, we estimated the temporal trends in GNRB incidence and treatment management of GNRBs and identified if patient or infection characteristics impacted observed trends. Results A total of 11% (238/2165) of the observed allogeneic HCT recipients experienced ≥1 GNRB with available resistance data and contributed antibiotic treatment time. Patients, on average, received 55.1% of their antibiotic treatment in an outpatient setting and we observed a significant decline in the proportion of treatment time spent outpatient (crude: −3.3% [95% confidence interval: −5.0, −1.6%]). We observed similar declines in the proportion of treatment time spent outpatient among patients with similar GNRB and pretransplant complexity factors but not among patients with similar posttransplant complications (p value: .165). Conclusion These results suggest that, despite increased availability of outpatient suitable treatment options, allogeneic HCT recipients with GNRBs received less treatment in outpatient settings. However, among patients with similar posttransplant complications, the lack of significant decline suggests that treatment location decisions remained consistent for patients with similar posttransplant complications. These findings suggest the need for additional interventions targeting outpatient antibiotic treatment among allogeneic HCT recipients with GNRBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret L Lind
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Steven Roncaioli
- Infection Control, Department of Medicine, BronxCare Health System, New York, New York, USA
| | - Catherine Liu
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Antimicrobial Stewardship and Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy Programs, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Andrew Bryan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Ania Sweet
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Antimicrobial Stewardship and Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy Programs, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Frank Tverdek
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Antimicrobial Stewardship and Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy Programs, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Mohamed Sorror
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Amanda I Phipps
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington School of Public Health, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Steven A Pergam
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Antimicrobial Stewardship and Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy Programs, Seattle Cancer Care Alliance, Seattle, Washington, USA
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8
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Colunga-Pedraza PR, Gómez-De León A, Rodríguez-Roque CS, Morcos-Sandino M, Colunga-Pedraza JE, Cantú-Rodriguez OG, Gutiérrez-Aguirre CH, Gómez-Almaguer D. Outpatient Haploidentical Stem Cell Transplantation Using Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide Is Safe and Feasible. Transplant Cell Ther 2020; 27:259.e1-259.e6. [PMID: 33781529 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) feasibility has increased in the last decades because of haplo-HSCT, changes in chemotherapy schedules, and the possibility of an outpatient-based HSCT. The main barriers remain in low-middle income countries. There is a lack of information regarding haplo-HSCT with a myeloablative (MAC) regimen on an outpatient basis. OBJECTIVES Our primary objective was to determine if outpatient haplo-HSCT was feasible. STUDY DESIGN Single center, retrospective cohort, n=60 adult patients undergoing Haplo-HSCT. Descriptive statistical analysis, univariate and multivariate comparison. PATIENTS AND METHOD We analyzed 60 adult patients transplanted with an intended haplo-HSCT on an outpatient basis from 2015 to 2019 in our unit. A multivariate analysis was performed on risk factors for hospitalization. RESULTS Median age was 27 years (15-64). All patients underwent conditioning as outpatients, and none required hospitalization before day 0. Thirteen patients (21.6%) were followed completely in the outpatient clinic and 47 (78.3%) required hospitalization in a median of 3 days after infusion (range, 1-14). The median length of stay (LOS) was 8 days (IQR, 3-17). Fever secondary to cytokine release syndrome (CRS) was the most common reason for hospitalization occurring in 43/47 (91.5%), 4 were related to infection and 36 were related to CRS. In the univariate analysis, CRS, slower engraftment, and female sex were associated with the need for hospitalization. In the multivariate analysis, only CRS remained significant (OR 9.14 [95%CI, 1.58-56.46]). The 2-year overall survival (OS) was 41.7% for ambulatory transplant vs. 38% for those requiring hospitalization (P = 0.12). The 2-year event-free survival (EFS) was 33% for outpatient patients and 16.7% for those hospitalized (log-rank, P = 0.062). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated the feasibility and safety of carrying out an outpatient haplo-HSCT, potentially resulting in cost savings and perhaps a higher quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perla R Colunga-Pedraza
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Dr. José E. González, Department of Hematology, Internal Medicine Division, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Andrés Gómez-De León
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Dr. José E. González, Department of Hematology, Internal Medicine Division, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Carlos Saúl Rodríguez-Roque
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Dr. José E. González, Department of Hematology, Internal Medicine Division, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Michelle Morcos-Sandino
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Dr. José E. González, Department of Hematology, Internal Medicine Division, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Julia E Colunga-Pedraza
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Dr. José E. González, Department of Hematology, Internal Medicine Division, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Olga Graciela Cantú-Rodriguez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Dr. José E. González, Department of Hematology, Internal Medicine Division, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - César Homero Gutiérrez-Aguirre
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Dr. José E. González, Department of Hematology, Internal Medicine Division, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - David Gómez-Almaguer
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario Dr. José E. González, Department of Hematology, Internal Medicine Division, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico.
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Granot N, Storb R. History of hematopoietic cell transplantation: challenges and progress. Haematologica 2020; 105:2716-2729. [PMID: 33054108 PMCID: PMC7716373 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.245688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
After more than 60 years of research in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), this therapy has advanced from one that was declared dead in the 1960s to a standard treatment of otherwise fatal malignant and non-malignant blood diseases. To date, close to 1.5 million hematopoietic cell transplants have been performed in more than 1,500 transplantation centers worldwide. This review will highlight the enormous efforts by numerous investigators throughout the world who have brought the experimental field of HCT to clinical reality, examine ongoing challenges, and provide insights for the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Granot
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and the University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
| | - Rainer Storb
- Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and the University of Washington, Seattle, WA.
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Hershenfeld SA, Matelski J, Ling V, Paterson M, Cheung M, Cram P. Utilisation and outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation in Ontario, Canada, and New York State, USA: a population-based retrospective cohort study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e039293. [PMID: 33130568 PMCID: PMC7783612 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Allogeneic haematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a potentially curative treatment for haematologic and oncologic diseases. There is a perception that the United States of America (USA) offers greater access to expensive therapies such as HCT. Alternatively, Canada is thought to suffer from protracted wait times, but lower spending. Our objective was to compare HCT utilisation and short-term outcomes in Ontario (ON), Canada, and New York State (NY), USA. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS We conducted a population-based cohort study using administrative health data to identify all residents of ON and NY who underwent allogeneic HCT between 2012 and 2015. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measures were age and sex standardised HCT utilisation rates, in-hospital mortality, hospital length of stay (LOS) and readmission rates in ON and NY. Secondary outcomes included comparing ON and NY HCT recipients with respect to demographic characteristics and patient wealth (using neighbourhood income quintile). RESULTS We identified 547 HCT procedures in ON and 1361 HCT procedures performed in NY. HCT recipients in ON were younger than NY (mean age 49.0 vs 51.6 years; p<0.001) and a lower percentage of ON recipients resided in affluent neighbourhoods compared with NY (47.2% vs 52.6%; p=0.026). Utilisation of HCT was 14.4 per 1 million population per year in ON and 26.7 per 1 million per year in NY (p<0.001). The magnitude of the ON-NY difference in utilisation was larger for older patients. In-hospital mortality, LOS and readmission rates were lower in ON than NY in both unadjusted and adjusted analyses. CONCLUSIONS We found significantly lower utilisation of HCT in ON compared with NY, particularly among older patients. Higher in-hospital mortality in NY relative to ON requires further study. These differences are thought provoking for patients, healthcare providers and policy-makers in both jurisdictions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Matelski
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Sinai Health System and University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vicki Ling
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Paterson
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES), Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew Cheung
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Cram
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Sinai Health System and University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Jaime-Pérez JC, Picón-Galindo E, Herrera-Garza JL, Gómez-Almaguer D. Outcomes of second hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using reduced-intensity conditioning in an outpatient setting. Hematol Oncol 2020; 39:87-96. [PMID: 32978807 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Relapse and graft failure after autologous (auto) or allogeneic (allo) hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are serious and frequently fatal events. A second HSCT can be a life-saving alternative, however, information on the results of such intervention in an outpatient setting is limited. Outpatient second hematoprogenitors transplant after reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) at a single academic center was analyzed. Twenty-seven consecutive adults who received an allo-HSCT after an initial auto- or allo-HSCT from 2006 to 2019 were included. Data were compared using the χ2 -test. Survival analysis using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard models was performed; cumulative incidence estimation of transplant-related mortality (TRM) was assessed. Hodgkin lymphoma was the most frequent diagnosis for the group with a first auto-HSCT with 5/12 (41.7%) cases, and acute myeloid leukemia for those with a first allo-HSCT with 6/15 (40%). One-year overall survival and disease-free survival (DFS) was 66.7% (95% CI 27.2-88.2) and 59% (95% CI 16-86) for 12 patients with a first auto-HSCT; and for 15 patients with a first allo-HSCT, it was 43.3% (95% CI 17.9-66.5) and 36% (95% CI 13.2-59.9), respectively. Eight (29.6%) patients died of TRM and the cumulative incidence of TRM at 1 year was 22% (95% CI 8.6-39.27). Chronic graft-versus-host disease and late (>10 months) second transplantation were protective factors for longer survival. Neutropenic fever was more common in the group with a first allo-HSCT (p = 0.01). In conclusion, outpatient second allo-HSCT using RIC after auto- or allografting failure or relapse is feasible and offers a reasonable alternative for patients with severe life-threatening hematological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Carlos Jaime-Pérez
- Department of Hematology, Internal Medicine Division, Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez University Hospital and School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Ernesto Picón-Galindo
- Department of Hematology, Internal Medicine Division, Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez University Hospital and School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - José Luis Herrera-Garza
- Department of Hematology, Internal Medicine Division, Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez University Hospital and School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - David Gómez-Almaguer
- Department of Hematology, Internal Medicine Division, Dr. Jose Eleuterio Gonzalez University Hospital and School of Medicine, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico
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George G, Martin AS, Chhabra S, Eapen M. The Effect of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Use on Hospital Length of Stay after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2020; 26:2359-2364. [PMID: 32818554 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2020.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is administered after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) to aid neutrophil recovery. We compared the effect of empiric G-CSF administration on the duration of index inpatient hospitalization stay after HCT for patients aged ≥18 years with a hematologic malignancy. G-CSF was considered empiric if administered between day -3 and day +6 in relation to graft infusion. We studied 3562 HCTs (1487 HLA-matched sibling donor HCTs and 2075 HLA-matched unrelated donor HCTs) between 2007 and 2016. Three hundred and thirteen (21%) recipients of HLA-matched sibling donor HCT and 417 (20%) recipients of HLA-matched unrelated donor HCT received empiric G-CSF therapy. The effect of G-CSF therapy on the index hospitalization stay was examined in generalized linear models (GLMs) with adjustment for other patient, disease, and transplantation characteristics and acute graft-versus-host disease and infection post-transplantation. The duration of index hospitalization by treatment group did not differ for HLA-matched sibling donor HCT but was shorter with G-CSF for HLA-matched unrelated donor HCT (15 days versus 19 days; P < .001). Our GLMs confirmed shorter hospitalization with the use of G-CSF therapy for HLA-matched unrelated donor HCT (P = .01). G-CSF therapy was not associated with early survival for either donor type, and there was no benefit or disadvantage of giving G-CSF to promote neutrophil recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gemlyn George
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
| | - Andrew St Martin
- Center for International Blood and Bone Marrow Transplant Registry, Department of Medicine, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Saurabh Chhabra
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Center for International Blood and Bone Marrow Transplant Registry, Department of Medicine, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Mary Eapen
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Center for International Blood and Bone Marrow Transplant Registry, Department of Medicine, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Impact of Rituximab and Host/Donor Fc Receptor Polymorphisms after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for CD20 + B Cell Malignancies. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2020; 26:1811-1818. [PMID: 32693210 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2020.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We previously reported a 24% 1-year relapse rate in 93 older or medically unfit patients with CD20+ B cell malignancies after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) with low-intensity conditioning. The current prospective study tested the hypothesis that disease relapse could be reduced and overall survival (OS) improved by peritransplantation administration of rituximab (RTX). Sixty-three patients received RTX (375 mg/m2/day) on days -3, +10, +24, and +38 along with 2 to 3 Gy total body irradiation with or without fludarabine (30 mg/m2 for 3 days). Median RTX levels of >25 μg/mL were achieved through day +84 after transplantation, but RTX level was not correlated with relapse or graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). HCT recipients with F/F and V/F FCγRIIIa polymorphisms showed a trend toward a higher relapse rate compared with those with V/V polymorphism (P= .15). No difference in outcome was found based on V/V donor pairing. Five-year relapse rates were similar between RTX-treated patients and historical controls (32% versus 28%; P = .94). RTX-treated patients had greater 5-year OS (47% versus 38%; P = .13) and progression-free survival (41% versus 32%; P = .12) compared with historical controls who underwent HCT without RTX, although the difference was not statistically significant. The incidence of acute GVHD was similar in the 2 groups (grade II-IV, 57% versus 56%; grade III-IV, 13% versus 17%), but the 5-year incidence of chronic GVHD was higher among RTX-treated patients (62% versus 47%). In patients with relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma, peritransplantation RTX neither reduced relapse nor improved GVHD. The role of donor-recipient pairing by FCγRIIIa polymorphisms in outcomes remains to be determined.
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