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Sato K, Hayashi K, Oka K, Morishita S, Kurita K, Ishii K, Negishi S. Efficacy of hard gummy candy chewing in improving masticatory function in Japanese children aged 6-12 years: a clinical trial. J Oral Biosci 2024:S1349-0079(24)00142-7. [PMID: 38942192 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Japanese children have been shown to exhibit decreased masticatory function; however, limited evidence is available regarding the efficacy of certain food items in improving this issue. Therefore, this study examined the effects of chewing hard gummy candy on the masticatory function of Japanese children aged 6-12 years. METHODS The study included 26 participants (10 boys and 16 girls; mean age ± standard error = 9.3 ± 0.3 years) who were asked to chew hard gummy candy twice daily for 4 weeks at home. The lip-closing force, occlusal force, and masticatory performance of the participants were recorded before commencement (T1), 4 weeks after commencement (T2), and 4 weeks after completion (T3) of the training. Statistical analyses were performed using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test or the Wilcoxon signed-rank test with Bonferroni correction. RESULTS No correlation was observed between masticatory function and sex at T1. The lip-closing and right occlusal forces increased significantly after 4 weeks of exercise, and the effects persisted for another 4 weeks after completion. The masticatory performance also improved after training, although these effects did not persist and deteriorated substantially 4 weeks after completion of the training. CONCLUSIONS Habitual mastication training using hard gummy candy markedly enhances masticatory function (e.g., lip-closing force, occlusal force, and masticatory performance) in Japanese children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishi Sato
- Advanced Oral Health Science Research Laboratories, Research and Development Headquarters, LION Corporation, 7-2-1 Hirai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 132-0035, Japan
| | - Kaichi Hayashi
- Advanced Oral Health Science Research Laboratories, Research and Development Headquarters, LION Corporation, 7-2-1 Hirai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 132-0035, Japan
| | - Kengo Oka
- Advanced Oral Health Science Research Laboratories, Research and Development Headquarters, LION Corporation, 7-2-1 Hirai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 132-0035, Japan
| | - Satoru Morishita
- Advanced Oral Health Science Research Laboratories, Research and Development Headquarters, LION Corporation, 7-2-1 Hirai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 132-0035, Japan.
| | - Kei Kurita
- Advanced Oral Health Science Research Laboratories, Research and Development Headquarters, LION Corporation, 7-2-1 Hirai, Edogawa-ku, Tokyo 132-0035, Japan
| | - Kaori Ishii
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Negishi
- Department of Orthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Japan
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2
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Arai S, Kato C, Watari I, Ono T. Does Orthodontic Treatment Change the Preferred Chewing Side of Patients with Malocclusion? J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11216343. [PMID: 36362571 PMCID: PMC9657436 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11216343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Whether orthodontic treatment can change the preferred chewing side (PCS) is unknown. This study examined (1) if the PCS changes after orthodontic treatment and (2) which factors contribute to this change. Two hundred fifty patients who visited the orthodontic clinic at Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital between 2017 and 2020 were included in the study. Mandibular kinesiograph (MKG) was taken at pre- and post-treatment, and PCS was determined. Patients who showed a change in PCS to the opposite side and those who showed no change in PCS at post-treatment were pooled into the PCS-changed and PCS-unchanged groups, respectively. The demographic, clinical, and cephalometric parameters were compared between the groups. Significant factors associated with changes in were of age < 20 years at the beginning of orthodontic treatment (odds ratio (OR), 2.00), maximum lateral mandibular movement to PCS ≥ 10.0 mm at pre-treatment (OR, 6.51), and change in occlusal canting of ≥1.0° (OR, 2.72). The predicted probability of change in PCS was 13.2%, 36.0%, and 67.5% for no factor, one factor, and two factors associated with PCS change, respectively. Orthodontic treatment may change PCS due to patient age, maximum lateral mandibular movement to PCS, and change in occlusal canting.
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Bono D, Belyk M, Longo MR, Dick F. Beyond language: The unspoken sensory-motor representation of the tongue in non-primates, non-human and human primates. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 139:104730. [PMID: 35691470 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The English idiom "on the tip of my tongue" commonly acknowledges that something is known, but it cannot be immediately brought to mind. This phrase accurately describes sensorimotor functions of the tongue, which are fundamental for many tongue-related behaviors (e.g., speech), but often neglected by scientific research. Here, we review a wide range of studies conducted on non-primates, non-human and human primates with the aim of providing a comprehensive description of the cortical representation of the tongue's somatosensory inputs and motor outputs across different phylogenetic domains. First, we summarize how the properties of passive non-noxious mechanical stimuli are encoded in the putative somatosensory tongue area, which has a conserved location in the ventral portion of the somatosensory cortex across mammals. Second, we review how complex self-generated actions involving the tongue are represented in more anterior regions of the putative somato-motor tongue area. Finally, we describe multisensory response properties of the primate and non-primate tongue area by also defining how the cytoarchitecture of this area is affected by experience and deafferentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Bono
- Birkbeck/UCL Centre for Neuroimaging, 26 Bedford Way, London WC1H0AP, UK; Department of Experimental Psychology, UCL Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, 26 Bedford Way, London WC1H0AP, UK.
| | - Michel Belyk
- Department of Speech, Hearing, and Phonetic Sciences, UCL Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, 2 Wakefield Street, London WC1N 1PJ, UK
| | - Matthew R Longo
- Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, Malet St, London WC1E7HX, UK
| | - Frederic Dick
- Birkbeck/UCL Centre for Neuroimaging, 26 Bedford Way, London WC1H0AP, UK; Department of Experimental Psychology, UCL Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, 26 Bedford Way, London WC1H0AP, UK; Department of Psychological Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, Malet St, London WC1E7HX, UK.
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4
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Lv C, Lou L, Mosca AC, Wang X, Yang N, Chen J. Effect of tongue temperature on oral tactile sensitivity and viscosity discrimination. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.105578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Montuelle SJ, Olson RA, Curtis H, Williams SH. Unilateral lingual nerve transection alters jaw-tongue coordination during mastication in pigs. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 128:941-951. [PMID: 32191597 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00398.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
During chewing, movements and deformations of the tongue are coordinated with jaw movements to manage and manipulate the bolus and avoid injury. Individuals with injuries to the lingual nerve report both tongue injuries due to biting and difficulties in chewing, primarily because of impaired bolus management, suggesting that jaw-tongue coordination relies on intact lingual afferents. Here, we investigate how unilateral lingual nerve (LN) transection affects jaw-tongue coordination in an animal model (pig, Sus scrofa). Temporal coordination between jaw pitch (opening-closing) and 1) anteroposterior tongue position (i.e., protraction-retraction), 2) anteroposterior tongue length, and 3) mediolateral tongue width was compared between pre- and post-LN transection using cross-correlation analyses. Overall, following LN transection, the lag between jaw pitch and the majority of tongue kinematics decreased significantly, demonstrating that sensory loss from the tongue alters jaw-tongue coordination. In addition, decrease in jaw-tongue lag suggests that, following LN transection, tongue movements and deformations occur earlier in the gape cycle than when the lingual sensory afferents are intact. If the velocity of tongue movements and deformations remains constant, earlier occurrence can reflect less pronounced movements, possibly to avoid injuries. The results of this study demonstrate that lingual afferents participate in chewing by assisting with coordinating the timing of jaw and tongue movements. The observed changes may affect bolus management performance and/or may represent protective strategies because of altered somatosensory awareness of the tongue.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Chewing requires coordination between tongue and jaw movements. We compared the coordination of tongue movements and deformation relative to jaw opening-closing movements pre- and post-lingual nerve transection during chewing in pigs. These experiments reveal that the timing of jaw-tongue coordination is altered following unilateral disruption of sensory information from the tongue. Therefore, maintenance of jaw-tongue coordination requires bilateral sensory information from the tongue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane J Montuelle
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Warrensville Heights, Ohio
| | - Rachel A Olson
- Department of Biological Sciences, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio
| | - Hannah Curtis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, Ohio
| | - Susan H Williams
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Athens, Ohio
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La Touche R, Losana-Ferrer A, Pascual-Vaquerizo E, Suso-Martí L, Paris-Alemany A, Chamorro-Sánchez J, Cuenca-Martínez F. Orofacial sensorimotor behaviour in unilateral chewing: A comparative analysis in asymptomatic population. Physiol Behav 2019; 212:112718. [PMID: 31634522 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2019.112718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 10/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence of differences in motor, somatosensory and laterality recognise variables between individuals with unilateral chewing (UC) versus bilateral chewing (BC). A cross-sectional study with a nonprobabilistic sample was conducted. Seventy asymptomatic individuals were grouped as UC or BC to assess differences in motor, somatosensory, and laterality recognise variables. The recorded variables were range of motion (ROM), electromyographic (EMG) activity, lip grip force, 2-point discrimination (2-PD), pain pressure threshold (PPT), and laterality recognition. Significant differences in EMG activity of the masseter and temporal muscles were found in group*side (p<.005). Significant changes in group*side (p<.005) were found in lip strength and 2-PD in the maxillary and mandibular branch. For laterality, significant between-group differences in accuracy were found (p=.037). Individuals with UC showed unilateral sensorimotor modifications compared with those with BC. Although the relationship between type of mastication and temporomandibular disorder (TMD) cannot be established, neurophysiological changes in UC could affect biomechanics and temporomandibular joint function and could predispose individuals to the onset, development, and maintenance of TMD because patients with TMD usually present an impairment in orofacial motor and sensory functions, with recruitment abnormalities of the masseter and temporal muscles during chewing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy La Touche
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Motion in Brains Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience and Sciences of the Movement (INCIMOV), Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Neurociencia y Dolor Craneofacial (INDCRAN), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Losana-Ferrer
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Pascual-Vaquerizo
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Suso-Martí
- Motion in Brains Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience and Sciences of the Movement (INCIMOV), Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alba Paris-Alemany
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Motion in Brains Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience and Sciences of the Movement (INCIMOV), Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Neurociencia y Dolor Craneofacial (INDCRAN), Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ferran Cuenca-Martínez
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain; Motion in Brains Research Group, Institute of Neuroscience and Sciences of the Movement (INCIMOV), Centro Superior de Estudios Universitarios La Salle, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
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7
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Montuelle SJ, Olson RA, Curtis H, Sidote JV, Williams SH. The effect of unilateral lingual nerve injury on the kinematics of mastication in pigs. Arch Oral Biol 2018; 98:226-237. [PMID: 30522042 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2018.11.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the effect of unilateral lingual sensory loss on the spatial and temporal dynamics of jaw movements during pig chewing. DESIGN X-ray Reconstruction of Moving Morphology (XROMM) was used to reconstruct the 3-dimensional jaw movements of 6 pigs during chewing before and after complete unilateral lingual nerve transection. The effect of the transection were evaluated at the temporal and spatial level using Multiple Analysis of Variance. Temporal variables include gape cycle and phase durations, and the corresponding relative phase durations. Spatial variables include the amplitude of jaw opening, jaw yaw, and mandibular retraction-protraction. RESULTS The temporal and spatial dynamics of jaw movements did not differ when chewing ipsilateral versus contralateral to the transection. When compared to pre-transection data, 4 of the 6 animals showed significant changes in temporal characteristics of the gape cycle following the transection, irrespective of chewing side, but the specific response to the lesion was highly dependent on the animal. On the other hand, in affected individuals the amplitude of jaw movements was altered similarly in all 3 dimensions: jaw opening and protraction-retraction increased whereas jaw yaw decreased. CONCLUSION The variable impact of this injury in this animal model suggests that individuals use different compensatory strategies to adjust or maintain the temporal dynamics of the gape cycle. Because the amplitude of jaw movements are more adversely affected than their timing, results suggest that maintaining the tongue-jaw coordination is critical and this can come at the expense of bolus handling and masticatory performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane J Montuelle
- Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, 4180 Warrensville Center Road, SPS349, Warrensville Heights, OH, 44122, USA.
| | - Rachel A Olson
- Ohio University, Department of Biological Sciences, Irvine Hall 107, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.
| | - Hannah Curtis
- Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Irvine Hall 228, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.
| | - JoAnna V Sidote
- Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Irvine Hall 228, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.
| | - Susan H Williams
- Ohio University Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Irvine Hall 228, Athens, OH, 45701, USA.
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8
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Moritz J, Turk P, Williams JD, Stone-Roy LM. Perceived Intensity and Discrimination Ability for Lingual Electrotactile Stimulation Depends on Location and Orientation of Electrodes. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:186. [PMID: 28484380 PMCID: PMC5399529 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Malfunctioning sensory systems can severely impact quality of life and repair is not always possible. One solution, called sensory substitution, is to use another sensory system to bring lost information to the brain. This approach often involves the use of bioengineered devices that electrically stimulate somatosensory fibers. Interestingly, the tongue is an ideal location for electrotactile stimulation due to its dense innervation, moisture, and protected environment. Success with transmitting visual and vestibular information through the tongue indicates promise for future applications. However, sensitivity and discrimination ability varies between individuals and across the tongue surface complicating efforts to produce reliable and consistent sensations. The goals of the present study were to investigate these differences more precisely to better understand the mechanosensory innervation of the tongue so that future electrotactile devices can be designed more effectively. Specifically, we tested whether stimulation of certain regions of the tongue consistently result in better perception, whether the spacing of stimulating electrodes affects perceived intensity, and whether the orientation of electrodes affects perceived intensity and discrimination. To test these hypotheses, we built a custom tongue stimulation device, recruited 25 participants, and collected perceived intensity and discrimination data. We then subjected the data to thorough statistical analyses. Consistent with previous studies, we found that stimulation of the anterior medial tongue region was perceived as more intense than stimulation of lateral and posterior regions. This region also had the best discrimination ability for electrodes. Dividing the stimulated tongue area into 16 distinct regions allowed us to compare perception ability between anterior and posterior regions, medial and lateral regions, and the left and right sides of the tongue. Stimulation of the most anterior and medial tongue resulted in the highest perceived intensity and the best discrimination ability. Most individuals were able to perceive and discriminate electrotactile stimulation better on one side of the tongue, and orientation of stimulating electrodes affected perception. In conclusion, the present studies reveal new information about the somatosensory innervation of the tongue and will assist the design of future electrotactile tongue stimulation devices that will help provide sensory information to people with damaged sensory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Moritz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State UniversityFort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Philip Turk
- Department of Statistics, Colorado State UniversityFort Collins, CO, USA
| | - John D Williams
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Colorado State UniversityFort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Leslie M Stone-Roy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State UniversityFort Collins, CO, USA
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9
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Serel Arslan S, İnal Ö, Demir N, Ölmez MS, Karaduman AA. Chewing side preference is associated with hemispheric laterality in healthy adults. Somatosens Mot Res 2017; 34:92-95. [PMID: 28393655 DOI: 10.1080/08990220.2017.1308923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose To investigate if chewing side preference (CSP) can be used as an indicator of hemispheric laterality in healthy adults. Materials and methods Seventy-five individuals were included. The visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to determine CSP and laterality test for preferred peripheral organs. Results Significant correlation between CSP and hand, foot, ear, and eye side preference was found (r = .41, p < .001; r = .34, p = .003; r = .35, p = .03; r = .36, p = .002). Conclusion Besides peripheral organs, the CSP can also be used in determination of hemispheric lateralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selen Serel Arslan
- a Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Özgü İnal
- a Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Numan Demir
- a Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Merih Seval Ölmez
- b Department of Pedodontics , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Aynur Ayşe Karaduman
- a Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation , Hacettepe University , Ankara , Turkey
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10
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Jetté M, Anderson C, Ramakrishnan V. Case Report: Diagnosis of hypogeusia after oral exposure to commercial cleaning agent and considerations for clinical taste testing. F1000Res 2017; 6:373. [PMID: 28713552 PMCID: PMC5490477 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11241.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Few reports in the literature document acute taste disturbance following exposure to toxic chemicals. We describe the case of a 54-year-old man who presented with primary complaint of tongue numbness and persistent problems with taste 1.5 years following oral exposure to a commercial cleaning agent. A test of olfaction revealed normosmia for age and gender. Lingual tactile two-point discrimination testing showed reduced somatosensation. Taste threshold testing using a 3-drop method demonstrated severe hypogeusia, though the patient was able to discriminate tastants at lower concentrations with a whole mouth swish and spit test. We conclude that clinical evaluation of dysgeusia can be performed using a number of previously published testing methods, however, determining causative factors may be confounded by duration since exposure, lack of knowledge of baseline taste function, and medications. Although many testing options exist, basic taste testing can be performed with minimal expertise or specialized equipment, depending on the patient history and goals of evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Jetté
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Catherine Anderson
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Vijay Ramakrishnan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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11
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Jetté M, Anderson C, Ramakrishnan V. Case Report: Diagnosis of hypogeusia after oral exposure to commercial cleaning agent and considerations for clinical taste testing. F1000Res 2017; 6:373. [PMID: 28713552 PMCID: PMC5490477 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.11241.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Few reports in the literature document acute taste disturbance following exposure to toxic chemicals. We describe the case of a 54-year-old man who presented with primary complaint of tongue numbness and persistent problems with taste 1.5 years following oral exposure to a commercial cleaning agent. A test of olfaction revealed normosmia for age and gender. Lingual tactile two-point discrimination testing showed reduced somatosensation. Taste threshold testing using a 3-drop method demonstrated severe hypogeusia, though the patient was able to discriminate tastants at lower concentrations with a whole mouth swish and spit test. We conclude that clinical evaluation of dysgeusia can be performed using a number of previously published testing methods, however, determining causative factors may be confounded by duration since exposure, lack of knowledge of baseline taste function, and medications. Although many testing options exist, basic taste testing can be performed with minimal expertise or specialized equipment, depending on the patient history and goals of evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Jetté
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Catherine Anderson
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Vijay Ramakrishnan
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
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12
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysphagia is a common symptom and an important prognostic factor in Parkinson's disease (PD). Although cognitive and motor dysfunctions may contribute to dysphagia in patients with PD, any specific association between such problems and swallowing functions is unclear. Here, we examined the potential relationship between cognitive/motor components and swallowing functions in PD. We evaluated the contributions of cognition and motor function to the components of swallowing via video fluoroscopic swallowing (VFS) experiments. METHODS We prospectively enrolled 56 patients without dementia having PD. Parkinson's disease severity was assessed by the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS). All participants received neuropsychological tests covering general mental status, visuospatial function, attention, language, learning and memory, and frontal executive function. The well-validated "modified barium swallow impairment profile" scoring system was applied during VFS studies to quantify swallowing impairments. Finally, correlations between neuropsychological or motor functions and impairment in swallowing components were calculated. RESULTS The most significant correlations were found between the frontal/executive or learning/memory domains and the oral phase of swallowing, though a minor component of the pharyngeal phase correlated with frontal function as well. Bradykinesia and the UPDRS total score were associated with both the pharyngeal and oral phases. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that cognitive dysfunctions are associated with the oral phase of swallowing in patients with early stage PD while the severity of motor symptoms may be associated with overall swallowing function.
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13
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Aktar T, Chen J, Ettelaie R, Holmes M. Tactile Sensitivity and Capability of Soft-Solid Texture Discrimination. J Texture Stud 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jtxs.12142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tugba Aktar
- School of Food Science and Nutrition; University of Leeds; Leeds U.K
- Faculty of Life and Natural Sciences; Abdullah Gul University; Kayseri Turkey
| | - Jianshe Chen
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering; Zhejiang Gongshang University; Hangzhou 310018 China
| | - Rammile Ettelaie
- School of Food Science and Nutrition; University of Leeds; Leeds U.K
| | - Melvin Holmes
- School of Food Science and Nutrition; University of Leeds; Leeds U.K
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14
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Somatosensory evoked magnetic fields following tongue and hard palate stimulation on the preferred chewing side. J Neurol Sci 2014; 347:288-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Ogura E, Matsuyama M, Goto TK, Nakamura Y, Koyano K. Brain Activation During Oral Exercises Used for Dysphagia Rehabilitation in Healthy Human Subjects: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study. Dysphagia 2011; 27:353-60. [DOI: 10.1007/s00455-011-9374-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2010] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Sakamoto K, Nakata H, Yumoto M, Kakigi R. Somatosensory processing of the tongue in humans. Front Physiol 2010; 1:136. [PMID: 21423377 PMCID: PMC3059928 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2010.00136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2010] [Accepted: 09/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We review research on somatosensory (tactile) processing of the tongue based on data obtained using non-invasive neurophysiological and neuroimaging methods. Technical difficulties in stimulating the tongue, due to the noise elicited by the stimulator, the fixation of the stimulator, and the vomiting reflex, have necessitated the development of specialized devices. In this article, we show the brain activity relating to somatosensory processing of the tongue evoked by such devices. More recently, the postero-lateral part of the tongue has been stimulated, and the brain response compared with that on stimulation of the antero-lateral part of the tongue. It is likely that a difference existed in somatosensory processing of the tongue, particularly around primary somatosensory cortex, Brodmann area 40, and the anterior cingulate cortex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiwako Sakamoto
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazaki, Japan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo HospitalTokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nakata
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazaki, Japan
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda UniversityTokorozawa, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masato Yumoto
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo HospitalTokyo, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Kakigi
- Department of Integrative Physiology, National Institute for Physiological SciencesOkazaki, Japan
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17
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Steele CM, Miller AJ. Sensory input pathways and mechanisms in swallowing: a review. Dysphagia 2010; 25:323-33. [PMID: 20814803 PMCID: PMC2992653 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-010-9301-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2009] [Accepted: 08/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, research on the physiology of swallowing has confirmed that the oropharyngeal swallowing process can be modulated, both volitionally and in response to different sensory stimuli. In this review we identify what is known regarding the sensory pathways and mechanisms that are now thought to influence swallowing motor control and evoke its response. By synthesizing the current state of research evidence and knowledge, we identify continuing gaps in our knowledge of these mechanisms and pose questions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catriona M Steele
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, 550 University Avenue, #12030, Toronto, ON, M5G 2A2, Canada.
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18
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Farias Gomes SG, Custodio W, Moura Jufer JS, Del Bel Cury AA, Rodrigues Garcia RCM. Correlation of mastication and masticatory movements and effect of chewing side preference. Braz Dent J 2010; 21:351-5. [DOI: 10.1590/s0103-64402010000400011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of this study were to correlate masticatory performance with mandibular movements during mastication, and to evaluate masticatory performance and mandibular movements of subjects with different types of mastication. Seventy-eight healthy dentate subjects were selected and divided into 2 groups: bilateral and unilateral chewers. This classification was set by using kinesiography during mastication of an artificial material. Unilateral mastication was defined as the majority of the cycles took place at one specific side. The same tracings used to define type of mastication were used to evaluate mandibular movements by means of its parameters. Masticatory performance was analyzed by comminution of the artificial material and a sieving method. Statistical analysis was performed by Spearman’s correlation method, and Mann-Whitney and Studentʼs t-test, when appropriate, at 5% significance level. No correlation was found between masticatory performance and parameters of mandibular movement during mastication. Bilateral chewers presented significantly better (p<0.05) masticatory performance than unilateral ones, however no differences in parameters of mandibular movement were found between groups. Within the limits of this study, it may be concluded that parameters of jaw movements during mastication are not related to masticatory performance, and that the presence of a preferred chewing side worsens mastication.
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