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Wang Y, Duan F, Li J, Li X, Xia L, Zhao W, Wang Z, Song X, Chen J, Wang J, Wang Y, Zhang J, Zhang X, Jiao D. Involvement of nucleus accumbens SERCA2b in methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference. Addict Biol 2024; 29:e13382. [PMID: 38488467 PMCID: PMC11061847 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a highly addictive psycho-stimulant that induces addictive behaviour by stimulating increased dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). The sarco/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ion transport ATPases (SERCA or ATP2A) is a calcium ion (Ca2+) pump in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane. SERCA2b is a SERCA subtype mainly distributed in the central nervous system. This study used conditioned place preference (CPP), a translational drug reward model, to observe the effects of SERCA and SERCA2b on METH-CPP in mice. Result suggested that the activity of SERCA was significantly decreased in NAc after METH-CPP. Intraperitoneal SERCA agonist CDN1163 injection or bilateral CDN1163 microinjection in the NAc inhibited METH-CPP formation. SERCA2b overexpression by the Adeno-associated virus can reduce the DA release of NAc and inhibit METH-CPP formation. Although microinjection of SERCA inhibitor thapsigargin in the bilateral NAc did not significantly aggravate METH-CPP, interference with SERCA2b expression in NAc by adeno-associated virus increased DA release and promoted METH-CPP formation. METH reduced the SERCA ability to transport Ca2+ into the ER in SHSY5Y cells in vitro, which was reversed by CDN1163. This study revealed that METH dysregulates intracellular calcium balance by downregulating SERCA2b function, increasing DA release in NAc and inducing METH-CPP formation. Drugs that target SERCA2b may have the potential to treat METH addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Wang
- School of Mental HealthBengbu Medical UniversityBengbuChina
| | - Fan Duan
- School of Mental HealthBengbu Medical UniversityBengbuChina
| | - Junda Li
- School of Mental HealthBengbu Medical UniversityBengbuChina
| | - Xiangyu Li
- School of Mental HealthBengbu Medical UniversityBengbuChina
| | - Lingling Xia
- School of Mental HealthBengbu Medical UniversityBengbuChina
| | - Wei Zhao
- School of Mental HealthBengbu Medical UniversityBengbuChina
| | - Ze Wang
- School of Mental HealthBengbu Medical UniversityBengbuChina
| | - Xun Song
- School of Mental HealthBengbu Medical UniversityBengbuChina
| | - Juan Chen
- School of Mental HealthBengbu Medical UniversityBengbuChina
| | - Jingjing Wang
- School of Mental HealthBengbu Medical UniversityBengbuChina
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Mental HealthBengbu Medical UniversityBengbuChina
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Mental HealthBengbu Medical UniversityBengbuChina
| | - Xiaochu Zhang
- School of Mental HealthBengbu Medical UniversityBengbuChina
- CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease and School of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiChina
| | - Dongliang Jiao
- School of Mental HealthBengbu Medical UniversityBengbuChina
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Barbosa-Méndez S, Perez-Sánchez G, Salazar-Juárez A. Vortioxetine treatment decreases cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization in rats. Physiol Behav 2022; 257:113989. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Calma ID, Persons AL, Napier TC. Mitochondrial function influences expression of methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization. Sci Rep 2021; 11:24529. [PMID: 34972820 PMCID: PMC8720100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04301-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Repeated methamphetamine use leads to long lasting brain and behavioral changes in humans and laboratory rats. These changes have high energy requirements, implicating a role for mitochondria. We explored whether mitochondrial function underpins behaviors that occur in rats months after stopping methamphetamine self-administration. Accordingly, rats self-administered intravenous methamphetamine for 3 h/day for 14 days. The mitochondrial toxin rotenone was administered as (1 mg/kg/day for 6 days) via an osmotic minipump starting at 0, 14 or 28 days of abstinence abstinence. On abstinence day 61, expression of methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization was obtained with an acute methamphetamine challenge in rotenone-free rats. Rotenone impeded the expression of sensitization, with the most robust effects obtained with later abstinence exposure. These findings verified that self-titration of moderate methamphetamine doses results in behavioral (and thus brain) changes that can be revealed months after exposure termination, and that the meth-initiated processes progressed during abstinence so that longer abstinence periods were more susceptible to the consequences of exposure to a mitochondrial toxin.
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Affiliation(s)
- I. Daphne Calma
- grid.240684.c0000 0001 0705 3621Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA ,grid.240684.c0000 0001 0705 3621Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Amanda L. Persons
- grid.240684.c0000 0001 0705 3621Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA ,grid.240684.c0000 0001 0705 3621Departments of Physician Assistant Studies, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA ,grid.240684.c0000 0001 0705 3621Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - T. Celeste Napier
- grid.240684.c0000 0001 0705 3621Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA ,grid.240684.c0000 0001 0705 3621Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612 USA ,grid.240684.c0000 0001 0705 3621Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Suite 424, Cohn Research Building, 1735 W. Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60610 USA
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Barbosa-Méndez S, López-Morado C, Salazar-Juárez A. Mirtazapine-induced decrease in cocaine sensitization is enhanced by environmental enrichment in rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2021; 208:173237. [PMID: 34274360 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2021.173237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Several studies have reported that mirtazapine attenuated the induction and expression of cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization. Animals placed in enriched housing environments have shown a decrease in cocaine-induced locomotor activity and sensitization. In addition, it has been suggested that a pharmacological treatment combined with a behavioral intervention increases the efficacy of the former. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine if dosing of mirtazapine in an enriched housing environment enhanced the mirtazapine-induced decrease on the induction and expression of cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization. Wistar male rats were dosed with cocaine (10 mg/kg, i.p.). During the drug-withdrawal phase, mirtazapine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered under standard and enriched housing environmental conditions. The environmental enrichment consisted of housing the animals in enclosures with plastic toys, tunnels, and running wheels. After each administration, locomotor activity for each animal was recorded for 30 min. The study found that treatment with mirtazapine in an enriched housing environment produced an enhanced and persistent attenuation of the induction and expression of cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization. Additionally, it reduced the duration of cocaine-induced locomotor activity in the expression phase of locomotor sensitization. Dosing of mirtazapine in an enriched housing environment enhanced the effectiveness of mirtazapine to decrease cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization. This suggests the potential use of enriched environments to enhance the effect of mirtazapine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Barbosa-Méndez
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Conductual, Microcirugía y Terapéutica Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, Ciudad de México 14370, Mexico
| | - Casandra López-Morado
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Conductual, Microcirugía y Terapéutica Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, Ciudad de México 14370, Mexico
| | - Alberto Salazar-Juárez
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Conductual, Microcirugía y Terapéutica Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, Ciudad de México 14370, Mexico.
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Barbosa Méndez S, Salazar-Juárez A. Mirtazapine decreased induction and expression of cocaine + nicotine-induced locomotor sensitisation in rats. World J Biol Psychiatry 2020; 21:595-611. [PMID: 31104538 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2019.1620967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Concurrent abuse of cocaine and nicotine is considered a public health problem. To date, no effective therapy has been known to reduce the reinforcing effects of concurrent use of cocaine and nicotine. Mirtazapine, an antagonist of the α2-adrenoceptor and the 5-HT2A/C and the 5-HT3 receptors has proven effective in reducing the cocaine, nicotine and methamphetamine behavioural effects in humans and animals. Our study evaluated the effect of mirtazapine on enhancing locomotor activity during the induction and expression of locomotor sensitisation induced by a cocaine + nicotine mixture.Methods: Wistar rats were dosed with cocaine, nicotine or cocaine + nicotine combination. Mirtazapine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered during the extinction phase.Results: Mirtazapine decreased cocaine + nicotine-induced locomotor activity and induction and expression of locomotor sensitisation. In addition, we found that co-administration of mecamylamine and mirtazapine significantly enhanced the effect of mirtazapine on cocaine + nicotine-induced locomotor activity during induction and expression of behavioural sensitisation.Conclusions: Our results suggest that mirtazapine demonstrated efficacy in decreasing the psycho-stimulant effects of concurrent use of cocaine and nicotine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Barbosa Méndez
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Conductual, Microcirugía, y Terapéutica Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, Ciudad de México, 14370, México
| | - Alberto Salazar-Juárez
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Conductual, Microcirugía, y Terapéutica Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, Ciudad de México, 14370, México
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Wang X, Northcutt AL, Cochran TA, Zhang X, Fabisiak TJ, Haas ME, Amat J, Li H, Rice KC, Maier SF, Bachtell RK, Hutchinson MR, Watkins LR. Methamphetamine Activates Toll-Like Receptor 4 to Induce Central Immune Signaling within the Ventral Tegmental Area and Contributes to Extracellular Dopamine Increase in the Nucleus Accumbens Shell. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:3622-3634. [PMID: 31282647 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a globally abused, highly addictive stimulant. While investigations of the rewarding and motivational effects of METH have focused on neuronal actions, increasing evidence suggests that METH can also target microglia, the innate immune cells of the central nervous system, causing release of proinflammatory mediators and therefore amplifying the reward changes in the neuronal activity induced by METH. However, how METH induces neuroinflammatory responses within the central nervous system (CNS) is unknown. Herein, we provide direct evidence that METH creates neuroinflammation, at least in part, via the activation of the innate immune Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Biophysical studies revealed that METH bound to MD-2, the key coreceptor of TLR4. Molecular dynamics simulations showed METH binding stabilized the active heterotetramer (TLR4/MD-2)2 conformation. Classic TLR4 antagonists LPS-RS and TAK-242 attenuated METH induced NF-κB activation of microglia, whereas added MD-2 protein boosted METH-induced NF-κB activation. Systemically administered METH (1 mg/kg) was found to specifically up-regulate expression of both CD11b (microglial activation marker) and the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 6 (IL-6) mRNAs in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), but not in either the nucleus accumbens shell (NAc) or prefrontal cortex (PFC). Systemic administration of a nonopioid, blood-brain barrier permeable TLR4 antagonist (+)-naloxone inhibited METH-induced activation of microglia and IL-6 mRNA overexpression in VTA. METH was found to increase conditioned place preference (CPP) as well as extracellular dopamine concentrations in the NAc, with both effects suppressed by the nonopioid TLR4 antagonist (+)-naloxone. Furthermore, intra-VTA injection of LPS-RS or IL-6 neutralizing antibody suppressed METH-induced elevation of extracellular NAc dopamine. Taken together, this series of studies demonstrate that METH-induced neuroinflammation is, at least in part, mediated by TLR4-IL6 signaling within the VTA, which has the downstream effect of elevating dopamine in the NAc shell. These results provide a novel understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying acute METH reward that includes a critical role for central immune signaling and offers a new target for medication development for treating drug abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Wang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Alexis L. Northcutt
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience and the Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Thomas A. Cochran
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience and the Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Xiaozheng Zhang
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Timothy J. Fabisiak
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience and the Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Mackenzie E. Haas
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience and the Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Jose Amat
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience and the Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Hongyuan Li
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, China
| | - Kenner C. Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Steven F. Maier
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience and the Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Ryan K. Bachtell
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience and the Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | | | - Linda R. Watkins
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience and the Center for Neuroscience, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Nicotine is the major psychoactive component of tobacco. A number of pharmacological therapies have been evaluated, with poor results. Given the lack of success of these therapies, several authors have proposed alternative therapeutic strategies. One of these is the use of antidepressant drugs that may have a specific effect on the neural pathways or receptors underlying nicotine addiction. Mirtazapine is an antagonist of α2 NE receptors (noradrenergic receptor), 5-HT2A/C and 5-HT3 receptors and has demonstrated efficacy in reducing behavioral effects induced by drugs of abuse in human and animal models. AIMS In this study, we evaluated the effect of chronic dosing of mirtazapine during extinction on the re-acquisition of nicotine-seeking in rodents. METHODS We used the nicotine self-administration paradigm to assess the effects of mirtazapine on rats trained to self-administer nicotine under a pharmacological fixed-ratio schedule. Mirtazapine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered during extinction. RESULTS In this work, we found that mirtazapine attenuates the re-acquisition of nicotine-seeking responses. CONCLUSIONS These results support the use of mirtazapine in clinical controlled trials as a useful therapy that prolongs and increases rates of preventing relapse into nicotine intake in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Barbosa-Méndez
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Conductual, Microcirugía y Terapéutica Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Alberto Salazar-Juárez
- Subdirección de Investigaciones Clínicas, Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología Conductual, Microcirugía y Terapéutica Experimental, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, Ciudad de México, México
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8
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Mirtazapine impairs acquisition and reinstatement of cocaine-induced place preference in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 820:183-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Synergistic interactions between mirtazapine and prazosin prevent the induction and expression of behavioral sensitization to cocaine in rats. Physiol Behav 2017; 180:137-145. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2017.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Barbosa-Méndez S, Jurado N, Matus-Ortega M, Martiñon S, Heinze G, Salazar-Juárez A. Mirtazapine attenuates the expression of nicotine-induced locomotor sensitization in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 812:28-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Mirtazapine attenuates cocaine seeking in rats. J Psychiatr Res 2017; 92:38-46. [PMID: 28391178 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relapse to cocaine use is a major problem in the clinical treatment of cocaine addiction. Antidepressants have been studied for their therapeutic potential to treat cocaine use disorder. Research has suggested that antidepressants attenuate both drug craving and the re-acquisition of drug-seeking and drug-taking behaviors. This study examined the efficacy of mirtazapine, an antidepressant/anxiolytic, in decreasing cocaine seeking in rats. METHODS We used the cocaine self-administration paradigm to assess the effects of mirtazapine on rats trained to self-administer cocaine or food under a fixed-ratio schedule. Mirtazapine (30 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered during extinction. RESULTS Mirtazapine significantly attenuated non-reinforced lever-press responses during extinction. Moreover, the mirtazapine dosed for 30 days during extinction produced sustained attenuation of lever-press responses during re-acquisition of cocaine self-administration, without changing food-seeking behavior. Our results showed that mirtazapine attenuated the re-acquisition of cocaine-seeking responses. CONCLUSION Our study pointed to the efficacy of mirtazapine in reducing the risk of drug relapse during abstinence, suggesting for its potential use as a novel pharmacological agent to treat drug abuse.
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12
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Barbosa-Méndez S, Matus-Ortega M, Flores-Zamora A, Jurado N, Salazar-Juárez A. Dose- and time-dependent effects of mirtazapine on the expression of cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization in rats. Psychiatry Res 2017; 254:301-310. [PMID: 28501735 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Relapse to cocaine use is a major problem in the clinical treatment of cocaine dependence. Antidepressant medications have been studied as potential therapeutic drugs to relieve a cocaine dependence disorder. Mirtazapine is an antidepressant implicated in reducing behavioral alterations induced by drugs of abuse. We have reported elsewhere that 30mg/kg mirtazapine administered for 30 days during cocaine extinction significantly attenuated the induction and expression of cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization and decreased the duration of the cocaine-induced locomotor effect. This study focused on exploring whether different mirtazapine dosing regimens could optimize and/or improve the effect of 30mg/kg mirtazapine administered for 30 days on cocaine-induced locomotor activity during the expression phase of behavioral sensitization. Our study revealed that the daily dosing regimen with a fixed dose of mirtazapine (30mg/kg ip) over 60 days improved the decrease in cocaine-induced locomotor activity and behavioral sensitization obtained by dosing of 30mg mirtazapine for 30 days. In addition, it showed that a dosing regimen of 30mg/Kg mirtazapine for 30 days managed to reduce cocaine toxicity. These results suggested that dosage of mirtazapine for 30 consecutive days may be an effective therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Barbosa-Méndez
- Branch Clinical Research. Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Neurochemistry of Addiction, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maura Matus-Ortega
- Branch Clinical Research. Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Neurochemistry of Addiction, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Anabel Flores-Zamora
- Branch Clinical Research. Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Neurochemistry of Addiction, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Noe Jurado
- Branch Clinical Research. Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Neurochemistry of Addiction, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alberto Salazar-Juárez
- Branch Clinical Research. Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Neurochemistry of Addiction, National Institute of Psychiatry Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Mexico City, Mexico.
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Persons AL, Tedford SE, Napier TC. Mirtazapine and ketanserin alter preference for gambling-like schedules of reinforcement in rats. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2017; 77:178-184. [PMID: 28412411 PMCID: PMC5656013 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2017.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Drug and behavioral addictions have overlapping features, e.g., both manifest preference for larger, albeit costlier, reinforcement options in cost/benefit decision-making tasks. Our prior work revealed that the mixed-function serotonergic compound, mirtazapine, attenuates behaviors by rats motivated by abused drugs. To extend this work to behavioral addictions, here we determined if mirtazapine and/or ketanserin, another mixed-function serotonin-acting compound, can alter decision-making in rats that is independent of drug (or food)-motivated reward. Accordingly, we developed a novel variable-ratio task in rats wherein intracranial self-stimulation was used as the positive reinforcer. Using lever pressing for various levels of brain stimulation, the operant task provided choices between a small brain stimulation current delivered on a fixed-ratio schedule (i.e., a predictable reward) and a large brain stimulation delivered following an unpredictable number of responses (i.e., a variable-ratio schedule). This task allowed for demonstration of individualized preference and detection of shifts in motivational influences during a pharmacological treatment. Once baseline preference was established, we determined that pretreatment with mirtazapine or ketanserin significantly decreased preference for the large reinforcer presented after gambling-like schedules of reinforcement. When the rats were tested the next day without drug, preference for the unpredictable large reinforcer option was restored. These data demonstrate that mirtazapine and ketanserin can reduce preference for larger, costlier reinforcement options, and illustrate the potential for these drugs to alter behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L. Persons
- Dept. of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL,Dept. of Physician Assistant Studies, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL,Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - Stephanie E. Tedford
- Dept. of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL,Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
| | - T. Celeste Napier
- Dept. of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL,Dept. of Psychiatry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL,Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL
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Morley KC, Cornish JL, Faingold A, Wood K, Haber PS. Pharmacotherapeutic agents in the treatment of methamphetamine dependence. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2017; 26:563-578. [PMID: 28351169 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2017.1313229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Methamphetamine use is a serious public health concern in many countries and is second to cannabis as the most widely abused illicit drug in the world. Effective management for methamphetamine dependence remains elusive and the large majority of methamphetamine users relapse following treatment. Areas covered: Progression in the understanding of the pharmacological basis of methamphetamine use has provided us with innovative opportunities to develop agents to treat dependence. The current review summarizes relevant literature on the neurobiological and clinical correlates associated with methamphetamine use. We then outline agents that have been explored for potential treatments in preclinical studies, human laboratory phase I and phase II trials over the last ten years. Expert opinion: No agent has demonstrated a broad and strong effect in achieving MA abstinence in Phase II trials. Agents with novel therapeutic targets appear promising. Advancement in MA treatment, including translation into practice, faces several clinical challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten C Morley
- a NHMRC Centre for Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use, Discipline of Addiction Medicine , The University of Sydney , Sydney , Australia
| | - Jennifer L Cornish
- b Department of Psychology , Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University , Sydney , Australia
| | - Alon Faingold
- c Drug Health Services , Royal Prince Alfred Hospital , Camperdown , Australia
| | - Katie Wood
- a NHMRC Centre for Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use, Discipline of Addiction Medicine , The University of Sydney , Sydney , Australia
| | - Paul S Haber
- a NHMRC Centre for Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use, Discipline of Addiction Medicine , The University of Sydney , Sydney , Australia.,c Drug Health Services , Royal Prince Alfred Hospital , Camperdown , Australia
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15
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Holtz NA, Tedford SE, Persons AL, Grasso SA, Napier TC. Pharmacologically distinct pramipexole-mediated akinesia vs. risk-taking in a rat model of Parkinson's disease. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2016; 70:77-84. [PMID: 27216282 PMCID: PMC5410378 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pramipexole and ropinirole are dopamine agonists that are efficacious in treating motor disturbances of neuropathologies, e.g., Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome. A significant portion of treated patients develop impulsive/compulsive behaviors. Current treatment is dose reduction or switching to an alternative dopamine replacement, both of which can undermine the motor benefits. Needed is a preclinical model that can assist in identifying adjunct treatments to dopamine agonist therapy that reduce impulsive/compulsive behaviors without interfering with motor benefits of the dopamine agonist. Toward that objective, the current study implemented a rat model of Parkinson's disease to behaviorally profile chronically administered pramipexole. This was accomplished with male Sprague-Dawley rats wherein (i) 6-hydroxydopamine-induced lesions of the dorsolateral striatum produced Parkinson's disease-like akinesia, measured in the forelimbs, (ii) intracranial self-stimulation-mediated probability discounting indicated impulsivity/risk-taking, and (iii) two doses of pramipexole were continuously administered for 14-28days via osmotic minipumps to mirror the chronic, stable exposure achieved with extended release formulations. The atypical antidepressant, mirtazapine, is known to reduce behaviors associated with drug addiction in rats; thus, we demonstrated model utility here by determining the effects of mirtazapine on pramipexole-induced motor improvements versus probability discounting. We observed that forelimb akinesia subsequent to striatal lesions was attenuated by both pramipexole doses tested (0.3 and 1.2mg/kg/day) within 4h of pump implant dispensing 0.3mg/kg/day and 1h by 1.2mg/kg/day. By contrast, 12-14days of infusion with 0.3mg/kg/day did not alter discounting, but increases were obtained with 1.2mg/kg/day pramipexole, with 67% of 1.2mg/kg/day-treated rats meeting categorical criteria for 'high risk-taking'. Insertion of a second minipump delivering mirtazapine did not alter motor function during 14days of co-administration with pramipexole, but was sufficient to attenuate risk-taking. These outcomes revealed distinct probability discounting and anti-akinesia profiles for pramipexole, indicating that pharmacotherapy, (e.g., mirtazapine treatments), can be developed that reduce risk-taking while leaving motor benefits intact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan A. Holtz
- Dept. of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA,Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Stephanie E. Tedford
- Dept. of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA,Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Amanda L. Persons
- Dept. of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA,Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Salvatore A. Grasso
- Dept. of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA,Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
| | - T. Celeste Napier
- Dept. of Pharmacology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA,Dept. of Psychiatry, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA,Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL USA
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16
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Salazar-Juárez A, Barbosa-Méndez S, Jurado N, Hernández-Miramontes R, Leff P, Antón B. Mirtazapine prevents induction and expression of cocaine-induced behavioral sensitization in rats. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2016; 68:15-24. [PMID: 26922897 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2016.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cocaine abuse is a major health problem worldwide. Treatment based on both 5-HT2A/C and 5-HT3 receptor antagonists attenuate not only the effects of cocaine abuse but also the incentive/motivational effect related to cocaine-paired cues. Mirtazapine, an antagonist of postsynaptic α2-adrenergic, 5-HT2A/C and 5HT3 receptors and inverse agonist of the 5-HT2C receptor, has been shown to effectively modify, at the preclinical and clinical levels, various behavioral alterations induced by drugs abuse. Therefore, it is important to assess whether chronic dosing of mirtazapine alters locomotor effects of cocaine as well as induction and expression of cocaine sensitization. Our results reveal that a daily mirtazapine regimen administered for 30days effectively induces a significant attenuation of cocaine-dependent locomotor activity and as well as the induction and expression of behavioral sensitization. These results suggest that mirtazapine may be used as a potentially effective therapy to attenuate induction and expression of cocaine-induced locomotor sensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Salazar-Juárez
- Subdirección de investigaciones Clínicas, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Neuroquímica de las Adicciones, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, México DF 14370, Mexico
| | - Susana Barbosa-Méndez
- Subdirección de investigaciones Clínicas, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Neuroquímica de las Adicciones, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, México DF 14370, Mexico
| | - Noe Jurado
- Subdirección de investigaciones Clínicas, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Neuroquímica de las Adicciones, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, México DF 14370, Mexico
| | - Ricardo Hernández-Miramontes
- Subdirección de investigaciones Clínicas, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Neuroquímica de las Adicciones, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, México DF 14370, Mexico
| | - Philippe Leff
- Subdirección de investigaciones Clínicas, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Neuroquímica de las Adicciones, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, México DF 14370, Mexico
| | - Benito Antón
- Subdirección de investigaciones Clínicas, Laboratorio de Neurobiología Molecular y Neuroquímica de las Adicciones, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría, México DF 14370, Mexico.
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17
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Jiao DL, Liu Y, Long JD, Du J, Ju YY, Zan GY, Liu JG, Zhao M. Involvement of dorsal striatal α1-containing GABAA receptors in methamphetamine-associated rewarding memories. Neuroscience 2016; 320:230-8. [PMID: 26868969 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Rewarding memories induced by addictive drugs may contribute to persistent drug-seeking behaviors, which is an important contributing factor to drug addiction. However, the biological mechanisms underlying drug-associated rewarding memories have not yet been fully understood, especially the new synthetic drugs, such as amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS). In this study, using the rat-conditioned place preference (CPP) model, a classic animal model for the reward-associated effects of addictive drugs, we found that the expression level of GABAA α1 subunits was significantly decreased in the dorsal striatum (Dstr) after conditioned methamphetamine (METH) pairing, and no significant differences were observed in the other four rewarding memory-associated areas (medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), nucleus accumbens (NAc), amygdala (Amy), and dorsal hippocampus (DH)). Intra-Dstr injection of either the GABAA receptor agonist muscimol or the specific α1GABAA receptor-preferring benzodiazepine (BDZ) agonist zolpidem significantly abolished METH CPP formation. Thus, this study extends previous findings by showing that GABAA receptors, particularly the α1-containing GABAA receptors, may be strongly implicated in METH-associated rewarding memories. This work provides us with a new perspective on the goal of treating ATS addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- D-L Jiao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Y Liu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - J-D Long
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - J Du
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Y-Y Ju
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - G-Y Zan
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - J-G Liu
- Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - M Zhao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China.
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18
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Napier TC, Herrold AA, de Wit H. Using conditioned place preference to identify relapse prevention medications. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2013; 37:2081-6. [PMID: 23680702 PMCID: PMC3815959 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli, including contexts, which predict the availability or onset of a drug effect, can acquire conditioned incentive motivational properties. These conditioned properties endure after withdrawal, and can promote drug-seeking which may result in relapse. Conditioned place preference (CPP) assesses the associations between drugs and the context in which they are experienced. Here, we review the potential utility of CPP procedures in rodents and humans to evaluate medications that target conditioned drug-seeking responses. We discuss the translational potential of the CPP procedure from rodents to humans, and review findings with FDA-approved treatments that support the use of CPP to develop relapse-reduction medications. We also discuss challenges and methodological questions in applying the CPP procedure to this purpose. We argue that an efficient and valid CPP procedure in humans may reduce the burden of full clinical trials with drug-abusing patients that are currently required for testing promising treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Celeste Napier
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Compulsive Behaviors and Addiction, Rush University, Chicago, IL, United States.
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19
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Graves SM, Rafeyan R, Watts J, Napier TC. Mirtazapine, and mirtazapine-like compounds as possible pharmacotherapy for substance abuse disorders: evidence from the bench and the bedside. Pharmacol Ther 2012; 136:343-53. [PMID: 22960395 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2012.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 08/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Understanding substance use disorders (SUDs) and the problems associated with abstinence has grown in recent years. Nonetheless, highly efficacious treatment targeting relapse prevention has remained elusive, and there remains no FDA-approved pharmacotherapy for psychostimulant dependence. Preclinical and clinical investigations assessing the utility of classical antidepressants, which block monoamine reuptake, show mixed and often contradictory results. Mirtazapine (Remeron®) is a unique FDA-approved antidepressant, with negligible affinity for reuptake proteins, indirectly augments monoamine transmission presumably through antagonist activity at multiple receptors including the norepinephrine (NE)(α2), and serotonin (5-HT)(2A/C) receptors. Historically, mirtazapine was also considered to be a 5-HT(2C) antagonist, but recent evidence indicates that mirtazapine is an inverse agonist at this receptor subtype. Suggesting a promising role for mixed-action serotonergic drugs for addiction pharmacotherapy, mirtazapine attenuates psychostimulant-induced behaviors in several rodent models of substance abuse, and antagonizes methamphetamine-induced biochemical and electrophysiological alterations in rats. Preclinical findings are confirmed through published case studies documenting successful outcomes with mirtazapine therapy across a number of SUDs. To date, a large scale clinical trial assessing the utility of mirtazapine in substance abuse pharmacotherapy has yet to be conducted. However, as reviewed here, accumulating preclinical and clinical evidence argues that mirtazapine, or compounds that emulate aspects of its pharmacological profile, may prove useful in helping treat addictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Graves
- Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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20
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Graves SM, Persons AL, Riddle JL, Napier TC. The atypical antidepressant mirtazapine attenuates expression of morphine-induced place preference and motor sensitization. Brain Res 2012; 1472:45-53. [PMID: 22820297 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2012.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Revised: 06/24/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Opioid abuse and dependence remains prevalent despite having multiple FDA-approved medications to help maintain abstinence. Mirtazapine is an atypical antidepressant receiving attention for substance abuse pharmacotherapy, and its action includes alterations in monoaminergic transmission. As monoamines are indirectly altered by opioids, the current investigation assessed the ability of mirtazapine to ameliorate morphine-induced behaviors. Conditioned place preference (CPP) is a behavioral assay wherein a rewarding drug is paired with a distinct environmental context resulting in reward-related salience of cues through learning-related neuronal plasticity. A second behavioral assay involved motor sensitization (MSn), wherein repeated administration results in an enhanced motoric response to an acute challenge, also reflecting neuronal plasticity. Attenuation of CPP and/or MSn provides two behavioral measures to suggest therapeutic potential for addiction therapy, and the present study evaluated the effectiveness of mirtazapine to reduce both behaviors. To do so, morphine-induced CPP was established using an eight day conditioning paradigm, and expression of CPP was tested on day 10 following a 24h or 30min mirtazapine pretreatment. To determine if mirtazapine altered the expression of MSn, on day 11, rats received a pretreatment of mirtazapine, followed 30min later by a challenge injection of morphine. Pretreatment with mirtazapine 24h prior to the CPP test had no effect on CPP expression. In contrast, a 30min pretreatment of mirtazapine attenuated the expression of both CPP and MSn. Collectively, these results indicate that mirtazapine may help to maintain abstinence in opioid dependent patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Graves
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Compulsive Behaviors and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60657, USA
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21
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Graves SM, Napier TC. SB 206553, a putative 5-HT2C inverse agonist, attenuates methamphetamine-seeking in rats. BMC Neurosci 2012; 13:65. [PMID: 22697313 PMCID: PMC3441362 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-13-65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Methamphetamine (meth) dependence presents a substantial socioeconomic burden. Despite the need, there is no FDA-approved pharmacotherapy for psychostimulant dependence. We consider 5-HT2C receptors as viable therapeutic targets. We recently revealed that the atypical antidepressant, mirtazapine, attenuates meth-seeking in a rodent model of human substance abuse. Mirtazapine historically has been considered to be an antagonist at 5-HT2C receptors, but more recently shown to exhibit inverse agonism at constitutively active 5-HT2C receptors. To help distinguish the roles for antagonism vs. inverse agonism, here we explored the ability of a more selective 5-HT2C inverse agonist, SB 206553 to attenuate meth-seeking behavior, and compared its effects to those obtained with 5-HT2C antagonists, SDZ Ser 082 and SB 242084. To do so, rats were trained to self-administer meth and tested for seeking-like behavior in cue reactivity sessions consisting of contingently presenting meth-associated cues without meth reinforcement. We also explored motor function to determine the influence of SB 206553 and SDZ Ser 082 on motor activity in the presence and absence of meth. Results Like mirtazapine, pretreatment with SB 206553 (1.0, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/kg), attenuated meth-seeking. In contrast, the antagonists, SDZ Ser 082 (0.1, 0.3, and 1.0 mg/kg) and SB 242084 (3.0 mg/kg) had no effect on cue reactivity (CR). SB 242084 (3.0 mg/kg) failed to attenuate the effects of 5.0 and 10 mg/kg SB 206553 on CR. Motor function was largely unaltered by the 5-HT2C ligands; however, SB 206553, at the highest dose tested (10.0 mg/kg), attenuated meth-induced rearing behavior. Conclusions The lack of effect by 5-HT2C antagonists suggests that meth-seeking and meth-evoked motor activity are independent of endogenous 5-HT acting at 5-HT2C receptors. While SB 206553 dramatically impacted meth-evoked behaviors it is unclear whether the observed effects were 5-HT2C receptor mediated. Thus, SB 206553 deserves further attention in the study of psychostimulant abuse disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Graves
- Department of Pharmacology Rush, University Medical Center, 1735 W Harrison Street, Cohn Research Building, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
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22
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Thorn DA, Winter JC, Li JX. Agmatine attenuates methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2012; 680:69-72. [PMID: 22329899 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2011] [Revised: 01/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The polyamine agmatine modulates a variety of behavioral effects including the abuse-related effects of opioids and has been proposed as a potential medication candidate for the treatment of opioid abuse. However, little is known of the effects of agmatine on the abuse-related effects of other drugs of abuse. This study examined the effects of agmatine on the rewarding effects of methamphetamine in rats using a conditioned place preference paradigm. Methamphetamine (0.1-1.0mg/kg) dose-dependently increased the time spent in methamphetamine-paired side (place preference). Agmatine, at doses that did not produce place preference or aversion (10-32mg/kg), significantly decreased the development of methamphetamine-induced place preference when agmatine was administered in combination with methamphetamine during place conditioning. Agmatine also significantly decreased the expression of methamphetamine-induced place preference when an acute injection of agmatine was given immediately before test session. These doses of agmatine do not alter the motor activity in rats, suggesting that the observed attenuation of methamphetamine-induced place preference was not due to general behavioral disruption. Together, these data suggests that agmatine attenuates the rewarding effects of methamphetamine and may be able to modulate the abuse liability of methamphetamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Thorn
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, the State University of New York, 102 Farber Hall, Buffalo, NY14214-3000, USA
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Voigt RM, Napier TC. Context-dependent effects of a single administration of mirtazapine on the expression of methamphetamine-induced conditioned place preference. Front Behav Neurosci 2012; 5:92. [PMID: 22347852 PMCID: PMC3276317 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2011.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2011] [Accepted: 12/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Re-exposure to cues repeatedly associated with methamphetamine (Meth) can trigger Meth-seeking and relapse in the abstinent abuser. Weakening the conditioned Meth-associated memory during cue re-exposure may provide a means for relapse-reduction pharmacotherapy. Accordingly, we sought to determine if the atypical antidepressant mirtazapine disrupted the persistence of Meth-induced conditioned place preference (CPP) when administered in conjunction with re-exposure to contextual conditioning cues, and if this effect was altered by Meth being present during cue re-exposure. First, we evaluated the effect of mirtazapine on the maintenance of Meth-induced CPP during re-exposure to either the saline- or Meth-paired chamber 12 days after conditioning. Meth-conditioned rats subsequently administered mirtazapine expressed CPP independent of re-exposure to the saline- or Meth-paired chamber; but the magnitude of CPP was significantly less for mirtazapine-treated rats re-exposed to the Meth-paired chamber. Next, we evaluated the effect of mirtazapine on a "reinforced re-exposure" to the Meth-paired context. Administration of mirtazapine vehicle and Meth, prior to re-exposure to the Meth-paired chamber did not disrupt the ability of rats to demonstrate CPP 15 days after conditioning; however, CPP was disrupted when rats were administered mirtazapine and Meth prior to re-exposure to the Meth-paired chamber. These results indicate that the capacity of mirtazapine to diminish Meth-induced CPP is promoted if mirtazapine treatment is coupled with Meth administration in the Meth-associated context and thus appears to be the consequence of disrupting processes necessary to reconsolidate CPP following activation of drug-associated memories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin M Voigt
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Compulsive Behavior and Addiction, Rush University Medical Center Chicago, IL, USA
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