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Kalandakanond-Thongsong S, Daendee S, Thongsong B, Srikiatkhachorn A. Daidzein, but not genistein, has anxiolytic-liked effect on intact male Wistar rats. Behav Brain Res 2024:115172. [PMID: 39094955 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.115172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
The phytoestrogens daidzein and genistein are ubiquitous in human food. This study aimed to elucidate their anxiety-liked effects, their effects on the reproductive organs, and the molecular mechanism behind any anxiety-liked effects in intact adult male Wistar rats. These phytoestrogens are of interest due to their posited health benefits, particularly for female, but with some effect on males as well. This study comprised two experiments: (1) Male Wistar rats received either a vehicle, daidzein, or genistein (0.25, 0.50, or 1.00mg/kg) by subcutaneously injection for four weeks. They were then tested for anxiety-liked behaviors. Then, the brain monoamines in anxiolytic rats were determined; (2) The modulation of gamma aminobutyric acid receptors by phytoestrogens was further analyzed by administration of diazepam to phytoestrogen-treated rats before behavioral tests. In the first experiment, the biological parameters measured, including body weight, daily food intake and reproductive organ weights were unaffected by either genistein or daidzein. However, anxiolytic-like effect was observed in the low-dose daidzein (0.25mg/kg) group. Higher doses of daidzein or genistein of all doses had no effect. Further, the low-dose daidzein did not alter brain monoamine levels. In the second experiment, the anxiolytic-like behavior of daidzein-treated rats receiving diazepam did not differ from that of the rats treated with just diazepam or just daidzein. In conclusion, 4-week exposure to daidzein or genistein had no negative effects on the reproductive organs, body weight, food intake, anxiogenic-like behavior, or monoaminergic and diazepam-modulated GABAergic neurotransmissions of intact male rats. However, beneficial anxiolytic-like effects were apparent after low-dose treatment with daidzein.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Suwaporn Daendee
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand.
| | - Boonrit Thongsong
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Anan Srikiatkhachorn
- Faculty of Medicine, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Pestana JE, Graham BM. Reproductive experience alters the effects of diazepam and fluoxetine on anxiety-like behaviour, fear extinction, and corticosterone levels in female rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2023; 240:2515-2528. [PMID: 37581635 PMCID: PMC10640474 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-023-06446-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
OVERVIEW Reproductive experience (pregnancy and motherhood) leads to long-term changes in the neurobiological and hormonal features of anxiety in rats and humans. The aim of this study was to examine whether reproductive experience alters the effects of two pharmacological treatments for anxiety, a benzodiazepine (diazepam) and a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (fluoxetine), on animal models of anxiety. METHODS In Experiment 1, virgin (n = 47) and age-matched mother (n = 50) rats at 1-month post-weaning were injected with diazepam (1.3 mg/kg or 1.7 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle, in the proestrus (high estradiol/progesterone/allopregnanolone) or metestrus (low estradiol/progesterone/allopregnanolone) phase of the estrous cycle 30 min prior to the elevated plus maze (EPM). In Experiment 2, virgin (n = 25) and mother rats (n = 20) were administered fluoxetine (10 mg/kg) or vehicle for 2 weeks prior to being tested on a Pavlovian fear conditioning and extinction protocol, and the EPM. RESULTS Replicating past research, in virgin rats, the low dose of diazepam produced anxiolytic-like effects in proestrus, but only the high dose was anxiolytic-like in metestrus. In contrast, in mother rats, both doses of diazepam were anxiolytic-like irrespective of estrous phase. Fluoxetine produced anxiogenic-like effects in virgin rats during fear extinction and the EPM, but had no behavioural effects in mothers. In contrast, fluoxetine increased plasma corticosterone levels measured 30-min post-EPM in mothers, but not virgin rats. CONCLUSIONS Reproductive experience alters the dose responsivity and efficacy of common anti-anxiety medications in female rats. These findings highlight the importance of considering reproductive status in studies on anxiety and its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodie E Pestana
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
| | - Bronwyn M Graham
- School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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3
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Tongta S, Daendee S, Kalandakanond-Thongsong S. Anxiety-like behavior and GABAergic system in ovariectomized rats exposed to chronic mild stress. Physiol Behav 2023; 258:114014. [PMID: 36328075 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.114014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Stress or low level of estrogen could promote anxiety and depression; thus, it is of interest to investigate the combined effect of mild stress and the lack of estrogen on mental disorders by utilizing an animal model. This study was conducted to assess anxiety- and depressive- like behaviors in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats exposed to chronic mild stress (CMS) and determine the alteration in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-related transmission. Ovx rats were randomly assigned into four groups: (1) estrogen replacement (E2-NoCMS), (2) estrogen replacement and exposure to CMS (E2-CMS), (3) vehicle (VEH-NoCMS), and (4) vehicle and exposure to CMS (VEH-CMS). Following 4-week CMS, VEH groups (VEH-NoCMS and VEH-CMS) showed a similar level of anxiety-like behavior in elevated T-maze, whereas E2-CMS, VEH-NoCMS and VEH-CMS showed anxiety-like behavior in open field. The depressive-like behavior in the force swimming test tended to be affected by estrogen deprivation than CMS. The alteration of the GABAergic system as determined from the GABA level and mRNA expression of GABA-related transmission (i.e., glutamic acid decarboxylase, GABA transporter and GABAA subunits) showed that the GABA level in the amygdala and frontal cortex was affected by CMS. For mRNA expression, the mRNA profile in the amygdala and hippocampus of VEH-NoCMS and E2-CMS was the same but different from those of VEH-NoCMS and E2-CMS. In addition, compared with E2-NoCMS, the mRNA profile in the frontal cortex was similar in VEH-NoCMS, E2-CMS, and VEH-CMS. These findings indicated that the underlying mechanism of the GABAergic system was differently modified, although VEH-NoCMS and VEH-CMS showed anxiety-like behavior. The findings of this study may provide a comprehensive understanding of the modulation of the GABAergic system during estrogen deprivation under CMS, as observed in menopausal women who were daily exposed to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushawadee Tongta
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Suwaporn Daendee
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand
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Tongta S, Daendee S, Kalandakanond-Thongsong S. Effects of estrogen receptor β or G protein-coupled receptor 30 activation on anxiety-like behaviors in relation to GABAergic transmission in stress-ovariectomized rats. Neurosci Lett 2022; 789:136885. [PMID: 36152742 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
For mental disorders such as anxiety and depression, stress and stressful events are considered as precipitating causes that may be enhanced by estrogen variability. This condition is proven by the higher vulnerability of women than men. Despite the complexity of underlying mechanisms, the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) system piques interest as its receptor contains multiple psychoactive modulatory sites including neurosteroids. Moreover, according to clinical and experimental reports, GABA-associated genes can be altered by stress and hormonal status. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of estrogen receptor β (ERβ) or G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30) activation on anxiety/depression-like behaviors and the alterations in the GABA-associated gene of ovariectomized rats under chronic mild stress (CMS). Mild stressors were focused on because they represent a realistic simulation of daily life stress. In this study, ovariectomized rats were treated with vehicle, estradiol (E2), diarylpropionitrile (DPN; ERβ agonist) or G1 (GPR30 agonist) and exposed to 4-week CMS. The results showed that E2, DPN, and G1 treatments reduced anxiety-like behaviors without affecting depression-like behaviors. Concurrently, the GABA level and most GABA- and neurosteroid-associated mRNAs were altered by E2. Similar mRNA profiles were observed in DPN- and E2-administrations but not in G1 treatment. Collectively, these data suggest that estrogen exerts an anxiolytic-like action through either ERβ and/or GPR30 activation, and the modulatory effects of estrogen on GABAergic system are likely to be modulated through ERβ. The findings of this study therefore further provide insights into the roles of estrogen and daily mild stressors in GABA-related activity and behavioral responses, especially anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushawadee Tongta
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Suwaporn Daendee
- College of Medicine and Public Health, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand
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Brouillard A, Davignon LM, Fortin J, Marin MF. A Year Through the COVID-19 Pandemic: Deleterious Impact of Hormonal Contraception on Psychological Distress in Women. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:835857. [PMID: 35370813 PMCID: PMC8966723 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.835857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women are more at risk than men of suffering from psychological distress during disease outbreaks. Interestingly, no biological factors have been studied to explain this disparity in such contexts. Sex hormone variations induced by hormonal contraceptives (HC) have been associated with mental health vulnerabilities. However, most studies have examined current effects of HC without considering whether a chronic modulation of sex hormone levels could induce long-lasting effects that persist after HC cessation. OBJECTIVES To date, the role of HC on psychological health in women during a disease outbreak is still unknown. We aimed to investigate both current and long-term effects of HC on psychological distress throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD At four time points during the COVID-19 pandemic (June 2020, September 2020, December 2020, March 2021), we collected self-reported data on psychological distress, assessing symptoms of post-traumatic stress [via the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R)], symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress [via the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21)]. Linear mixed models were first used to compare men (n = 49), naturally cycling women (n = 73), and women using HC (n = 32) across time. To examine long-lasting effects of HC, exploratory analyses were restricted to women, comparing current HC users (n = 32), past users (n = 56), and never users (n = 17). RESULTS The first model revealed that women taking HC reported stable post-traumatic stress symptoms across time, compared to naturally cycling women and men who showed a significant decrease from T1 to T2. HC users also reported greater DASS-21 total scores over time. Moreover, HC users reported higher stress and anxiety symptoms than men. In the second model, results showed that past HC users had similar anxiety levels as current HC users. These two groups reported significantly more anxiety symptoms than never users. CONCLUSION HC users report increased distress during the pandemic relative to naturally cycling women and men. Our results also suggest a long-lasting effect of HC intake, highlighting the importance of considering both the current use of HC and its history. This could provide some insight into potential avenues for explaining why some women are prone to higher psychological distress than men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Brouillard
- Research Center of the Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Quebec in Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Lisa Marie Davignon
- Research Center of the Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Quebec in Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Justine Fortin
- Research Center of the Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Quebec in Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie France Marin
- Research Center of the Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychology, University of Quebec in Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
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Yang Z, Huang S, Kong W, Yu H, Li F, Khatoon Z, Ashraf MN, Akram W. Effect of different fish feeds on water quality and growth of crucian carp (Carassius carassius) in the presence and absence of prometryn. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 227:112914. [PMID: 34678629 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Few data are available regarding comprehensive or quantitative assessment of fish feed considering both the environmental and feeding impacts. Aiming to fill the gap, an experimental study to investigate the effects of three fish feeds on concentrations of nutrients and crucian carp (Carassius carassius) growth was conducted in laboratory aquariums in the presence and absence of prometryn. Results showed that weight gain rates of crucian carp treated with Tong Wei (TW) feed were 106.3% and 2.0% higher than that of Zhong Shan (ZS) and Zhong Liang (ZL) feeds, a possible explanation was that the quality of protein in TW feed was highest as evidenced by the protein efficiency ratios. Meanwhile, TW feed posed relatively lighter effects on water qualities (between ZL and ZS). Prometryn significantly inhibited the growth of crucian carp and thus affected concentrations of nutrients in water indirectly. The relationships between weight gain rates of fish and concentrations of nutrients in water (R2 = 0.929-0.990) were developed. In sum, this study suggested that it is realizable to obtain better fish growth performance with lesser degrading effects on water qualities by producing and selecting appropriate feed regardless of prometryn existence, and the developed equations could be used as a basis for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Remediation and Pollution Control for Urban Ecological Environment, Numerical Simulation Group for Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Suiliang Huang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Remediation and Pollution Control for Urban Ecological Environment, Numerical Simulation Group for Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Wenwen Kong
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Remediation and Pollution Control for Urban Ecological Environment, Numerical Simulation Group for Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Remediation and Pollution Control for Urban Ecological Environment, Numerical Simulation Group for Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Fengyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Remediation and Pollution Control for Urban Ecological Environment, Numerical Simulation Group for Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zobia Khatoon
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Remediation and Pollution Control for Urban Ecological Environment, Numerical Simulation Group for Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Muhammad Nabil Ashraf
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Remediation and Pollution Control for Urban Ecological Environment, Numerical Simulation Group for Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Waseem Akram
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria of the Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Remediation and Pollution Control for Urban Ecological Environment, Numerical Simulation Group for Water Environment, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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7
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Ellis SN, Honeycutt JA. Sex Differences in Affective Dysfunction and Alterations in Parvalbumin in Rodent Models of Early Life Adversity. Front Behav Neurosci 2021; 15:741454. [PMID: 34803622 PMCID: PMC8600234 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2021.741454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The early life environment markedly influences brain and behavioral development, with adverse experiences associated with increased risk of anxiety and depressive phenotypes, particularly in females. Indeed, early life adversity (ELA) in humans (i.e., caregiver deprivation, maltreatment) and rodents (i.e., maternal separation, resource scarcity) is associated with sex-specific emergence of anxious and depressive behaviors. Although these disorders show clear sex differences in humans, little attention has been paid toward evaluating sex as a biological variable in models of affective dysfunction; however, recent rodent work suggests sex-specific effects. Two widely used rodent models of ELA approximate caregiver deprivation (i.e., maternal separation) and resource scarcity (i.e., limited bedding). While these approaches model aspects of ELA experienced in humans, they span different portions of the pre-weaning developmental period and may therefore differentially contribute to underlying mechanistic risk. This is borne out in the literature, where evidence suggests differences in trajectories of behavior depending on the type of ELA and/or sex; however, the neural underpinning of these differences is not well understood. Because anxiety and depression are thought to involve dysregulation in the balance of excitatory and inhibitory signaling in ELA-vulnerable brain regions (e.g., prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hippocampus), outcomes are likely driven by alterations in local and/or circuit-specific inhibitory activity. The most abundant GABAergic subtypes in the brain, accounting for approximately 40% of inhibitory neurons, contain the calcium-binding protein Parvalbumin (PV). As PV-expressing neurons have perisomatic and proximal dendritic targets on pyramidal neurons, they are well-positioned to regulate excitatory/inhibitory balance. Recent evidence suggests that PV outcomes following ELA are sex, age, and region-specific and may be influenced by the type and timing of ELA. Here, we suggest the possibility of a combined role of PV and sex hormones driving differences in behavioral outcomes associated with affective dysfunction following ELA. This review evaluates the literature across models of ELA to characterize neural (PV) and behavioral (anxiety- and depressive-like) outcomes as a function of sex and age. Additionally, we detail a putative mechanistic role of PV on ELA-related outcomes and discuss evidence suggesting hormone influences on PV expression/function which may help to explain sex differences in ELA outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seneca N Ellis
- Program in Neuroscience, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME, United States
| | - Jennifer A Honeycutt
- Program in Neuroscience, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME, United States.,Department of Psychology, Bowdoin College, Brunswick, ME, United States
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Lovick TA, Zangrossi H. Effect of Estrous Cycle on Behavior of Females in Rodent Tests of Anxiety. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:711065. [PMID: 34531768 PMCID: PMC8438218 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.711065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are more prevalent in women than in men. In women the menstrual cycle introduces another variable; indeed, some conditions e.g., premenstrual syndrome, are menstrual cycle specific. Animal models of fear and anxiety, which form the basis for research into drug treatments, have been developed almost exclusively, using males. There remains a paucity of work using females and the available literature presents a confusing picture. One confound is the estrous cycle in females, which some authors consider, but many do not. Importantly, there are no accepted standardized criteria for defining cycle phase, which is important given the rapidly changing hormonal profile during the 4-day cycle of rodents. Moreover, since many behavioral tests that involve a learning component or that consider extinction of a previously acquired association require several days to complete; the outcome may depend on the phase of the cycle on the days of training as well as on test days. In this article we consider responsiveness of females compared to males in a number of commonly used behavioral tests of anxiety and fear that were developed in male rodents. We conclude that females perform in a qualitatively similar manner to males in most tests although there may be sex and strain differences in sensitivity. Tests based on unconditioned threatening stimuli are significantly influenced by estrous cycle phase with animals displaying increased responsiveness in the late diestrus phase of the cycle (similar to the premenstrual phase in women). Tests that utilize conditioned fear paradigms, which involve a learning component appear to be less impacted by the estrous cycle although sex and cycle-related differences in responding can still be detected. Ethologically-relevant tests appear to have more translational value in females. However, even when sex differences in behavior are not detected, the same outward behavioral response may be mediated by different brain mechanisms. In order to progress basic research in the field of female psychiatry and psychopharmacology, there is a pressing need to validate and standardize experimental protocols for using female animal models of anxiety-related states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thelma A. Lovick
- Physiology, Pharmacology & Neuroscience, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Hélio Zangrossi
- Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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9
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Franklin ZG, Ladagu AD, Germain Jean Magloire KW, Folarin OR, Sefirin D, Tashara TG, Dieudonne N, Olopade JO. Ameliorative effects of the aqueous extract of Khaya anthotheca (Welw.) C.DC (Meliaceae) in vanadium induced anxiety, memory loss and pathologies in the brain and ovary of mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 275:114099. [PMID: 33831470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ethnobotanical enquiries have revealed that Khaya anthotheca (Welw.) C.DC (Meliaceae) has anxiolytic properties and is used to alleviate vaginal dryness in postmenopausal women in Cameroon. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ameliorative effects of the aqueous extract of K. anthotheca in vanadium induced anxiety, memory loss and pathologies in the brain and ovary of mice. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty neonatal female mice were used in this study. All animals received vanadium (3 mg/kg BW/72 h, by lactation and i.p.) for 20 weeks except the Control group. At 16 weeks old, mice were divided into 5 groups (n = 8): Control group received distilled water; V-group received vanadium (V) (3 mg/kg BW every 72 h i.p.), V + Vit E group received vitamin E (500 mg/kg BW/72 h) and vanadium (V) (3 mg/kg BW/72 h i.p, simultaneously). V + KA 125 and V + KA 250 groups received K. anthotheca extract at the doses of 125 and 250 mg/kg BW/day respectively and vanadium (V) (3 mg/kg BW/72 h i.p, simultaneously).The treatment was done per os at 10 mL/kg of volume of administration for 4 weeks. To evalute anxiolytic effects and spatial working memory improved by the extract in mice, the elevated open space test and Y maze test were used respectively. After sacrifice, brains were harvested and pathologies were assessed using cresyl violet stainning and immunohistochemistry (GFAP, Iba-1 and MBP), while pathologies in the ovaries were assessed using immunohistochemistry (Collagen type 1) and H&E stainning. RESULTS Results in the three sessions of elevated open space test showed that vanadium exposure resulted in a significant (p < 0.05; p < 0.01) increase of the latency of first entry in the slopes and a significant (p < 0.05; p < 0.01; p < 0.001) decrease of the time spent and number of entries in the slopes however, Khaya anthotheca treatment induced a significant (p < 0.05; p < 0.01) decrease of the latency of first entry in the slopes and a significant (p < 0.05; p < 0.01) increase of the time spent and number of entries in the slopes. In the Y maze test, vanadium exposure resulted in a significant decrease (p < 0.01) in the percentage of correct alternation, K. anthotheca extract at the dose of 250 mg/kg BW however induced a significant (p < 0.05) increase of this percentage of correct spontaneous alternation. In the brain, degeneration induced by vanadium exposure was marked by an increase of GFAP-immunoreactive cells, microgliosis and demyelination. The treatment with Khaya anthotheca extract at the dose of 250 mg/kg BW resulted in the preservation of cellular integrity in the same anatomical regions with reduced astroglial and microglial activation and prevented demyelination. In addition, vanadium exposure decreased Collagen type 1 expression in the ovaries and induced a deterioration of tertiary follicle. Khaya anthotheca treatment at the dose of 250 mg/kg BW induced an increase of expression of Collagen type 1 and alleviated deterioration of the microarchitecture of tertiary follicle induced by vanadium. CONCLUSION These effects induced by K. anthotheca extract could justify the traditional use of this plant in Cameroonian traditional medicine to manage anxiety. Therefore, to minimise vanadium induced toxicity, the plant should be given more emphasis as a candidate in developing a modern phytodrug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemo Gamo Franklin
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Letters and Social Science, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 7011, Yaounde, Cameroon.
| | - Amany Digal Ladagu
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 20001, Nigeria.
| | | | - Oluwabusayo Rachael Folarin
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 200284, Nigeria.
| | - Djiogue Sefirin
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon.
| | - Taidinda Gilbert Tashara
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 20001, Nigeria.
| | - Njamen Dieudonne
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaounde I, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon.
| | - James Olukayode Olopade
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, 20001, Nigeria.
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10
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Jimenez-Sánchez GL, Segovia-Mendoza M, Figueroa A, Lemini C. Potential Estrogenic Properties of 17β-Hydroxy-ethylimine Estradiol Derivative Targeted to Menopause Stage. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:63-68. [PMID: 33390551 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b20-00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Hormone replacement therapy during menopause increases the risk of thromboembolic diseases and cancer, so safety alternative therapeutic strategies are needed. 17β-Aminoestrogens are a synthetic estrogens group that possess mild anticoagulant activity that contrasts with the pro-coagulant effects showed by estradiol's (E2) in rodents. Being considered an alternative to conventional hormone replacement therapy during menopause without thrombogenic risks producing. The present study aimed to determine the estrogenic profile and anxiolytic activity of 17β-[hydroxy-ethylimine]-1,3,5(10)-estratrien-3-ol (IE2), a related compound unknown until now. METHODS IE2 was assessed in immature rats by uterotrophic assay administering IE2, E2, or vehicle. In ovariectomized adult Wistar rats (Ovx) to facilitating the lordotic behavior compared with E2, estradiol benzoate, or vehicle. The effect of IE2 on anxiety was estimated in Ovx animals treated with IE2, E2, or vehicle group and evaluated in the elevated plus-maze model. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION IE2 produced an uterotrophic effect, lordotic behavior, and anxiolytic effect in a dose-dependent manner, similar to E2. IE2 depicted estrogenicity, indicating potential clinical use as hormone replacement therapy during menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guadalupe Luisa Jimenez-Sánchez
- Departament of Pharmacology, National Autonomous University of Mexico. Av. Universidad No. 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia Copilco Universidad
| | - Mariana Segovia-Mendoza
- Departament of Pharmacology, National Autonomous University of Mexico. Av. Universidad No. 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia Copilco Universidad
| | - Alejandra Figueroa
- Departament of Pharmacology, National Autonomous University of Mexico. Av. Universidad No. 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia Copilco Universidad
| | - Cristina Lemini
- Departament of Pharmacology, National Autonomous University of Mexico. Av. Universidad No. 3000, Ciudad Universitaria, Colonia Copilco Universidad
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11
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Campos GV, de Souza AMA, Ji H, West CA, Wu X, Lee DL, Aguilar BL, Forcelli PA, de Menezes RC, Sandberg K. The Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Antagonist Losartan Prevents Ovariectomy-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction and Anxiety-Like Behavior in Long Evans Rats. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2019; 40:407-420. [PMID: 31637567 PMCID: PMC7056686 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00744-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Women who have bilateral oophorectomies prior to the age of natural menopause are at increased risk of developing mild cognitive decline, dementia, anxiety, and depressive type disorders. Clinical and animal studies indicate angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R) blockers (ARBs) have blood pressure (BP)-independent neuroprotective effects. To investigate the potential use of ARBs in normotensive women at increased risk of developing neurocognitive problems, we studied a rat model of bilateral oophorectomy. Long Evans rats were sham-operated (Sham) or ovariectomized (Ovx) at 3 months of age and immediately treated continuously with vehicle (Veh) or the ARB losartan (Los) for the duration of the experiment. In contrast to many hypertensive rat models, ovariectomy did not increase mean arterial pressure (MAP) in these normotensive rats. Ovariectomized rats spent less time in the open arms of the elevated plus maze (EPM) [(% total time): Veh, 34.1 ± 5.1 vs. Ovx, 18.7 ± 4.4; p < 0.05] and in the center of the open field (OF) [(s): Veh, 11.1 ± 1.7 vs. Ovx, 6.64 ± 1.1; p < 0.05]. They also had worse performance in the novel object recognition (NOR) test as evidenced by a reduction in the recognition index [Veh, 0.62 ± 0.04 vs. Ovx, 0.45 ± 0.03; p < 0.05]. These adverse effects of ovariectomy were prevented by Los. Losartan also reduced plasma corticosterone in Ovx rats compared to Veh treatment [(ng/mL): Ovx–Veh, 238 ± 20 vs. Ovx–Los, 119 ± 42; p < 0.05]. Ovariectomy increased AT1R mRNA expression in the CA3 region of the hippocampus (Hc) [(copies x 106/µg RNA): Sham–Veh, 7.15 ± 0.87 vs. Ovx–Veh, 9.86 ± 1.7; p < 0.05]. These findings suggest the neuroprotective effects of this ARB in normotensive Ovx rats involve reduction of plasma corticosterone and blockade of increased AT1R activity in the hippocampus. These data suggest ARBs have therapeutic potential for normotensive women at increased risk of developing cognitive and behavioral dysfunction due to bilateral oophorectomy prior to the natural age of menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenda V Campos
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Suite 232 Building D, 4000 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Aline M A de Souza
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Suite 232 Building D, 4000 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Hong Ji
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Suite 232 Building D, 4000 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Crystal A West
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Suite 232 Building D, 4000 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Xie Wu
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Suite 232 Building D, 4000 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA
| | - Dexter L Lee
- Department of Physiology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Brittany L Aguilar
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Patrick A Forcelli
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rodrigo C de Menezes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Kathryn Sandberg
- Department of Medicine, Georgetown University, Suite 232 Building D, 4000 Reservoir Road, NW, Washington, DC, 20057, USA.
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12
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Zhou XD, Shi DD, Zhang ZJ. Ameliorative effects of Radix rehmanniae extract on the anxiety- and depression-like symptoms in ovariectomized mice: A behavioral and molecular study. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 63:153012. [PMID: 31301535 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Menopause is closely associated with the risk of anxiety and depression in a woman's life. Despite the numerous reports on the effects of Radix rehmanniae extract (RRE) on various types of depression, there are few studies exploring the effects of RRE on the menopausal anxiety and depression. PURPOSE To investigate whether RRE could alleviate the menopausal anxiety and depression in ovariectomized (OVX) mice submitted to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). METHODS OVX mice were treated with 2.6 g/kg RRE for 5 weeks. After a series of behavior tests, serum, uterus, and brain tissues were collected for the measurement of neurotransmitters and their related biomarkers, neurotrophins, and estrogen receptor α (ERα) and β (ERβ). RESULTS RRE showed antidepressant and anxiolytic effects through these behavior tests, but had no effects on the OVX-induced weight gains, uterine shrinkage and drop of serum estrogen level. RRE restored the levels of serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA) and its metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), Glutamate (Glu), gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and their related biomarkers in different brain regions. RRE also reversed OVX-induced decrease in the expression levels of neurotrophins in uterus and brain regions except for uterine nerve growth factor (NGF). Moreover, RRE restored and even enhanced ERβ expression levels in uterus and brain without affecting uterine, hippocampal and cortical ERα. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated the antidepressant and anxiolytic effects of RRE in OVX mice, which were possibly mediated via their modulation of brain neurotransmitters, and regulation of neurotrophins and activation of ERβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Dan Zhou
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dong-Dong Shi
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhang-Jin Zhang
- School of Chinese Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, 10 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
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13
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Moreno A, Gumaste A, Adams GK, Chong KK, Nguyen M, Shepard KN, Liu RC. Familiarity with social sounds alters c-Fos expression in auditory cortex and interacts with estradiol in locus coeruleus. Hear Res 2018; 366:38-49. [PMID: 29983289 PMCID: PMC6470399 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
When a social sound category initially gains behavioral significance to an animal, plasticity events presumably enhance the ability to recognize that sound category in the future. In the context of learning natural social stimuli, neuromodulators such as norepinephrine and estrogen have been associated with experience-dependent plasticity and processing of newly salient social cues, yet continued plasticity once stimuli are familiar could disrupt the stability of sensorineural representations. Here we employed a maternal mouse model of natural sensory cortical plasticity for infant vocalizations to ask whether the engagement of the noradrenergic locus coeruleus (LC) by the playback of pup-calls is affected by either prior experience with the sounds or estrogen availability, using a well-studied cellular activity and plasticity marker, the immediate early gene c-Fos. We counted call-induced c-Fos immunoreactive (cFos-IR) cells in both LC and physiologically validated fields within the auditory cortex (AC) of estradiol or blank-implanted virgin female mice with either 0 or 5-days prior experience caring for vocalizing pups. Estradiol and pup experience interacted both in the induction of c-Fos-IR in the LC, as well as in behavioral measures of locomotion during playback, consistent with the neuromodulatory center’s activity being an online reflection of both hormonal and experience-dependent influences on arousal. Throughout core AC, as well as in a high frequency sub-region of AC and in secondary AC, a main effect of pup experience was to reduce call-induced c-Fos-IR, irrespective of estradiol availability. This is consistent with the hypothesis that sound familiarity leads to less c-Fos-mediated plasticity, and less disrupted sensory representations of a meaningful call category. Taken together, our data support the view that any coupling between these sensory and neuromodulatory areas is situationally dependent, and their engagement depends differentially on both internal state factors like hormones and external state factors like prior experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amielle Moreno
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Emory University, 1462 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Department of Biology, Emory University, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Ankita Gumaste
- Department of Biology, Emory University, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Neuroscience and Behavior Biology Program, Emory University, 1462 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Geoff K Adams
- Department of Biology, Emory University, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Kelly K Chong
- Department of Biology, Emory University, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Georgia Institute of Technology, North Ave NW, Atlanta, GA, 30332, USA.
| | - Michael Nguyen
- Department of Biology, Emory University, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Neuroscience and Behavior Biology Program, Emory University, 1462 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Kathryn N Shepard
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, Emory University, 1462 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Department of Biology, Emory University, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
| | - Robert C Liu
- Department of Biology, Emory University, 1510 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA; Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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14
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Nostro AD, Müller VI, Reid AT, Eickhoff SB. Correlations Between Personality and Brain Structure: A Crucial Role of Gender. Cereb Cortex 2018; 27:3698-3712. [PMID: 27390020 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhw191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that males and females differ in personality and gender differences have also been reported in brain structure. However, effects of gender on this "personality-brain" relationship are yet unknown. We therefore investigated if the neural correlates of personality differ between males and females. Whole brain voxel-based morphometry was used to investigate the influence of gender on associations between NEO FFI personality traits and gray matter volume (GMV) in a matched sample of 182 males and 182 females. In order to assess associations independent of and dependent on gender, personality-GMV relationships were tested across the entire sample and separately for males and females. There were no significant correlations between any personality scale and GMV in the analyses across the entire sample. In contrast, significant associations with GMV were detected for neuroticism, extraversion, and conscientiousness only in males. Interestingly, GMV in left precuneus/parieto-occipital sulcus correlated with all 3 traits. Thus, our results indicate that brain structure-personality relationships are highly dependent on gender, which might be attributable to hormonal interplays or differences in brain organization between males and females. Our results thus provide possible neural substrates of personality-behavior relationships and underline the important role of gender in these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra D Nostro
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Veronika I Müller
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Andrew T Reid
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Simon B Eickhoff
- Institute of Clinical Neuroscience and Medical Psychology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.,Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1), Research Centre Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
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15
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Campos GV, de Noronha SR, de Souza AA, Lima PM, Abreu AR, Chianca-Jr D, de Menezes RC. Estrogen receptor β activation within dorsal raphe nucleus reverses anxiety-like behavior induced by food restriction in female rats. Behav Brain Res 2018; 357-358:57-64. [PMID: 29567265 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2018.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Severe food restriction (FR), as observed in disorders like anorexia nervosa, has been associated to the reduction of estrogen levels, which in turn could lead to anxiety development. Estrogen receptors, mainly ERβ type, are commonly found in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) neurons, an important nucleus related to anxiety modulation and the primary source of serotonin (5-HT) in the brain. Taking together, these findings suggest an involvement of estrogen in anxiety modulation during food restriction, possibly mediated by ERβ activation in serotonergic DRN neurons. Thus, the present study investigated the relationship between food restriction and anxiety-like behavior, and the involvement of DRN and ERβ on the modulation of anxiety-like behaviors in animals subjected to FR. For that, female Fischer rats were grouped in control group, with free access to food, or a FR group, which received 40% of control intake during 14 days. Animals were randomly treated with 17β-estradiol (E2), DPN (ERβ selective agonist), or their respective vehicles, PBS and DMSO. Behavioral tests were performed on Elevated T-Maze (ETM) and Open Field (OF). Our results suggest that FR probably reduced the estrogen levels, since the remained in the non-ovulatory cycle phases, and their uterine weight was lower when compared to control group. The FR rats showed increased inhibitory avoidance latency in theETM indicating that FR is associated with the development of an anxiety-like state. The injections of both E2 and DPN into DRN of FR animals had an anxiolytic effect. Those data suggest thatanxiety-like behavior induced by FR could be mediated by a reduction of ERβ activation in the DRN neurons, probably due to decreased estrogen levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glenda Viggiano Campos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Sylvana Rendeiro de Noronha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Aline Arlindo de Souza
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Paulo Marcelo Lima
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Aline Rezende Abreu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Deoclecio Chianca-Jr
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Cunha de Menezes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute of Exact and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences CBIOL/NUPEB, Federal University of Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil.
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16
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Chaiworakul V, Kosonsiriluk S, Mauro LJ, El Halawani ME. Ovarian steroid withdrawal results in GABA A receptor upregulation in the photoperiodic neuroendocrine pathways of the turkey hen. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2017; 240:84-90. [PMID: 27717718 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism(s) underlying photorefractoriness in temperate zone seasonally breeding birds remains undetermined. Our recent findings reveal a link between the upregulation of GABAA receptors (GABAARs) in the premammillary nucleus (PMM) and the state of photorefractoriness. Gonadal steroid levels fluctuate during the breeding season; increasing after gonadal recrudescence and declining sharply once gonadal regression begins. Here, we examined the effect of gonadal steroid withdrawal on the expression of GABAARs in the turkey PMM. Exogenous ovarian steroids were administered and then withdrawn from turkey hens to mimic the decline of ovarian steroids levels at the end of a breeding season. The upregulation of GABAAR α3, α4, δ, π, and γ2-subunits was observed in the PMM of the steroid withdrawal group when compared to the non-steroid treatment group. The level of tyrosine hydroxylase, photopigment melanopsin, and circadian clock genes in the PMM of the steroid withdrawal group resembled the levels observed in the natural photorefractory hens and were significantly lower than those of the short-day light stimulated group. A reduction in gonadotropin-releasing hormone-I mRNA expressed within the nucleus commissurae pallii was also observed in hens undergoing steroid withdrawal. These results suggest that the natural decline in circulating ovarian steroid levels may modulate the GABAergic system in the PMM through the upregulation of GABAA receptors. This, in turn, could diminish the reproductive neuroendocrine responses to light and favor a condition resembling the state of photorefractoriness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Voravasa Chaiworakul
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | | | - Laura J Mauro
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
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Protective Effects of Tualang Honey against Oxidative Stress and Anxiety-Like Behaviour in Stressed Ovariectomized Rats. INTERNATIONAL SCHOLARLY RESEARCH NOTICES 2014; 2014:521065. [PMID: 27379299 PMCID: PMC4897279 DOI: 10.1155/2014/521065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to evaluate the antioxidant and anxiolytic-like effect of Tualang honey in stressed ovariectomized (OVX) rats. The animals were divided into; (i) nonstressed sham-operated control rats, (ii) sham-operated control rats exposed to stress, (iii) nonstressed OVX rats, (iv) OVX rats exposed to stress, (v) OVX rats exposed to stress and treated with 17 β-oestradiol (E2) (20 μg daily, sc), and (vi) OVX rats exposed to stress and treated with Tualang honey (0.2 g/kg body weight, orally). The open field test was used to evaluate the anxiety-like behaviour and ELISA kits were used to measure oxidant/antioxidant status of the brain homogenates. The result showed that anxiety-like behavior was significantly increased in stressed OVX compared to other groups, and administering either E2 or Tualang honey significantly decreased anxiety-like behaviour in stressed OVX rats. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PCO) were significantly decreased while the levels/activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferases (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR) were significantly increased in the brain homogenates of treated stressed OVX groups compared to untreated stressed OVX. In conclusion, Tualang honey has protective effects against brain oxidative stress and may be useful alternative anxiolytic agent especially for postmenopausal women.
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Alò R, Avolio E, Mele M, Storino F, Canonaco A, Carelli A, Canonaco M. Excitatory/inhibitory equilibrium of the central amygdala nucleus gates anti-depressive and anxiolytic states in the hamster. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 118:79-86. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2013] [Revised: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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