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Gardner RS, Ambalavanar MT, Gold PE, Korol DL. Enhancement of response learning in male rats with intrastriatal infusions of a BDNF - TrkB agonist, 7,8-dihydroxyflavone. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.08.606692. [PMID: 39211174 PMCID: PMC11360987 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.08.606692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Enhancement of learning and memory by cognitive and physical exercise may be mediated by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) acting at tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB). Upregulation of BDNF and systemic administration of a TrkB agonist, 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF), enhance learning of several hippocampus-sensitive tasks in rodents. Although BDNF and 7,8-DHF enhance functions of other brain areas too, these effects have mainly targeted non-cognitive functions. One goal of the present study was to determine whether 7,8-DHF would act beyond the hippocampus to enhance cognitive functions sensitive to manipulations of the striatum. Here, we examined the effects of intrastriatal infusions of 7,8-DHF on learning a striatum-sensitive response maze and on phosphorylation of TrkB receptors in 3-month-old male Sprague Dawley rats. Most prior studies of BDNF and 7,8-DHF effects on learning and memory have administered the drugs for days to months before assessing effects on cognition. A second goal of the present study was to determine whether a single drug treatment near the time of training would effectively enhance learning. Moreover, 7,8-DHF is often tested for its ability to reverse impairments in learning and memory rather than to enhance these functions in the absence of impairments. Thus, a third goal of this experiment was to evaluate the efficacy of 7,8-DHF in enhancing learning in unimpaired rats. In untrained rats, intrastriatal infusions of 7,8-DHF resulted in phosphorylation of TrkB receptors, suggesting that 7,8-DHF acted as a TrkB agonist and BDNF mimic. The findings that a single, intra-striatal infusion of 7,8-DHF 20 min before training enhanced response learning in rats suggest that, in addition to its trophic effects, BDNF modulates learning and memory through receptor mediated cell signaling events.
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Brenner M, Zink C, Witzinger L, Keller A, Hadamek K, Bothe S, Neuenschwander M, Villmann C, von Kries JP, Schindelin H, Jeanclos E, Gohla A. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone is a direct inhibitor of human and murine pyridoxal phosphatase. eLife 2024; 13:RP93094. [PMID: 38856179 PMCID: PMC11164532 DOI: 10.7554/elife.93094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Vitamin B6 deficiency has been linked to cognitive impairment in human brain disorders for decades. Still, the molecular mechanisms linking vitamin B6 to these pathologies remain poorly understood, and whether vitamin B6 supplementation improves cognition is unclear as well. Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate phosphatase (PDXP), an enzyme that controls levels of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), the co-enzymatically active form of vitamin B6, may represent an alternative therapeutic entry point into vitamin B6-associated pathologies. However, pharmacological PDXP inhibitors to test this concept are lacking. We now identify a PDXP and age-dependent decline of PLP levels in the murine hippocampus that provides a rationale for the development of PDXP inhibitors. Using a combination of small-molecule screening, protein crystallography, and biolayer interferometry, we discover, visualize, and analyze 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) as a direct and potent PDXP inhibitor. 7,8-DHF binds and reversibly inhibits PDXP with low micromolar affinity and sub-micromolar potency. In mouse hippocampal neurons, 7,8-DHF increases PLP in a PDXP-dependent manner. These findings validate PDXP as a druggable target. Of note, 7,8-DHF is a well-studied molecule in brain disorder models, although its mechanism of action is actively debated. Our discovery of 7,8-DHF as a PDXP inhibitor offers novel mechanistic insights into the controversy surrounding 7,8-DHF-mediated effects in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Brenner
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Christoph Zink
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Linda Witzinger
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Angelika Keller
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Kerstin Hadamek
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Sebastian Bothe
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | | | - Carmen Villmann
- Institute of Clinical Neurobiology, University Hospital, University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | | | - Hermann Schindelin
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Elisabeth Jeanclos
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
| | - Antje Gohla
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of WürzburgWürzburgGermany
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Jaberi KR, Alamdari-palangi V, Savardashtaki A, Vatankhah P, Jamialahmadi T, Tajbakhsh A, Sahebkar A. Modulatory Effects of Phytochemicals on Gut-Brain Axis: Therapeutic Implication. Curr Dev Nutr 2024; 8:103785. [PMID: 38939650 PMCID: PMC11208951 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.103785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
This article explores the potential therapeutic implications of phytochemicals on the gut-brain axis (GBA), which serves as a communication network between the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system. Phytochemicals, which are compounds derived from plants, have been shown to interact with the gut microbiota, immune system, and neurotransmitter systems, thereby influencing brain function. Phytochemicals such as polyphenols, carotenoids, flavonoids, and terpenoids have been identified as having potential therapeutic implications for various neurological disorders. The GBA plays a critical role in the development and progression of various neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, depression, anxiety, and autism spectrum disorders. Dysbiosis, or an imbalance in gut microbiota composition, has been associated with a range of neurological disorders, suggesting that modulating the gut microbiota may have potential therapeutic implications for these conditions. Although these findings are promising, further research is needed to elucidate the optimal use of phytochemicals in neurological disorder treatment, as well as their potential interactions with other medications. The literature review search was conducted using predefined search terms such as phytochemicals, gut-brain axis, neurodegenerative, and Parkinson in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane library.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khojasteh Rahimi Jaberi
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vahab Alamdari-palangi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amir Savardashtaki
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Infertility Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Pooya Vatankhah
- Anesthesiology and Critical Care Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amir Tajbakhsh
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Shi J, Song S, Wu K, Liang G, Wang A, Xu X. Role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in endotoxaemia-induced acute lung injury. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:1456-1465. [PMID: 37909847 PMCID: PMC10988478 DOI: 10.1113/ep091228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is a pulmonary manifestation of a systemic reactive inflammatory syndrome, is a serious disease with high mortality, and sepsis is an important risk factor in the development of ALI. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a member of the nerve growth factor family. It plays an essential role in the regulation of the modification of synaptic efficacy and brain metabolic activity and enhances neuronal survival. However, the role and underlying mechanism of BDNF in sepsis-induced ALI remain unclear. Here, we sought to observe the expression of BDNF in the lung tissues of mice. C57BL/6J mice were divided randomly into two groups: saline (n = 4) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (n = 4). We found that BDNF expression was elevated in the lung tissues of septic mice. Furthermore, we found that BDNF colocalized with aquaporin 5, a marker for type I alveolar epithelial cells, by immunofluorescence staining. In addition, we also found that tropomyosin-related kinase B, the specific receptor of BDNF, colocalized with surfactant protein C, a marker for type II alveolar epithelial cells, by immunofluorescence staining. Finally, the present study indicated that BDNF may alleviate excessive LPS-induced autophagy in alveolar epithelial cells. Overall, we hypothesize that BDNF expression increases in the lung tissues of septic mice as a compensatory mechanism to ameliorate sepsis-induced ALI by inhibiting excessive alveolar epithelial cell autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinye Shi
- College of Fisheries and Life ScienceShanghai Ocean UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Shuang Song
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Kaixuan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Gui Liang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Aizhong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaotao Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Shanghai Sixth People's HospitalShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghaiChina
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Rawlings-Mortimer F, Lazari A, Tisca C, Tachrount M, Martins-Bach AB, Miller KL, Lerch JP, Johansen-Berg H. 7,8-dihydroxyflavone enhances long-term spatial memory and alters brain volume in wildtype mice. Front Syst Neurosci 2023; 17:1134594. [PMID: 37008453 PMCID: PMC10057119 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2023.1134594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) is a low molecular weight compound that can cross the blood brain barrier and has been implicated in numerous functions and behaviours. It is thought to have neuroprotective capability and has been shown to alleviate symptoms in a wide range of diseases.Methods: 7,8-DHF was administered systemically to wildtype mice during Morris water maze training. Long-term spatial memory was assessed 28 days later. Ex-vivo T2-weighted (T2w) imaging was undertaken on a subset of these mice to assess brain-wide changes in volume.Results: We found that systemic 7,8-DHF administration during the training period enhanced spatial memory 28 days later. Volumetric changes were observed in numerous brain regions associated with a broad range of functions including cognition, sensory, and motor processing.Discussion: Our findings give the first whole brain overview of long-term anatomical changes following 7,8-DHF administration providing valuable information for assessing and understanding the widespread effects this drug has been shown to have in behaviour and disease.
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Oral Administration of TrkB Agonist, 7, 8-Dihydroxyflavone Regenerates Hair Cells and Restores Function after Gentamicin-Induced Vestibular Injury in Guinea Pig. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020493. [PMID: 36839815 PMCID: PMC9966733 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The causes of vestibular dysfunction include the loss of hair cells (HCs), synapses beneath the HCs, and nerve fibers. 7, 8-dihydroxyflavone (DHF) mimics the physiological functions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor. We investigated the effects of the orally-administered DHF in the guinea pig crista ampullaris after gentamicin (GM)-induced injury. Twenty animals treated with GM received daily administration of DHF or saline for 14 or 28 days (DHF (+) or DHF (-) group; N = 5, each). At 14 days after GM treatment, almost all of the HCs had disappeared in both groups. At 28 days, the HCs number in DHF (+) and DHF (-) groups was 74% and 49%, respectively, compared to GM-untreated control. In the ampullary nerves, neurofilament 200 positive rate in the DHF (+) group was 91% at 28 days, which was significantly higher than 42% in DHF (-). On day 28, the synaptic connections observed between C-terminal-binding protein 2-positive and postsynaptic density protein-95-positive puncta were restored, and caloric response was significantly improved in DHF (+) group (canal paresis: 57.4% in DHF (+) and 100% in DHF (-)). Taken together, the oral administration of DHF may be a novel therapeutic approach for treating vestibular dysfunction in humans.
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Zhang W, Ge MM, Zhang LQ, Yuan XM, Han SY, Manyande A, Tian YK, Tian XB. Dysfunction of the Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor-Tyrosine Kinase B Signaling Pathway Contributes to Learning and Memory Impairments Induced by Neuroinflammation in Mice. Neuroscience 2022; 505:21-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Povarnina PY, Volkova AA, Vorontsova ON, Kamensky AA, Gudasheva TA, Seredenin SB. A Low-Molecular-Weight BDNF Mimetic, Dipeptide GSB-214, Prevents Memory Impairment in Rat Models of Alzheimer's Disease. Acta Naturae 2022; 14:94-100. [PMID: 36694902 PMCID: PMC9844091 DOI: 10.32607/actanaturae.11755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is known to be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the pharmacological use of full-length neurotrophin is limited, because of its macromolecular protein nature. A dimeric dipeptide mimetic of the BDNF loop 1, bis-(N-monosuccinyl-L-methionyl-L-serine) heptamethylene diamide (GSB-214), was designed at the Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology. GSB-214 activates TrkB, PI3K/AKT, and PLC-γ1 in vitro. GSB-214 exhibited a neuroprotective activity during middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats when administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg and improved memory in the novel object recognition test (0.1 and 1.0 mg/kg, i.p.). In the present study, we investigated the effects of GSB-214 on memory in the scopolamine- and steptozotocin-induced AD models, with reference to activation of TrkB receptors. AD was modeled in rats using a chronic i.p. scopolamine injection or a single streptozotocin injection into the cerebral ventricles. GSB-214 was administered within 10 days after the exposure to scopolamine at doses of 0.05, 0.1, and 1 mg/kg (i.p.) or within 14 days after the exposure to streptozotocin at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg (i.p.). The effect of the dipeptide was evaluated in the novel object recognition test; K252A, a selective inhibitor of tyrosine kinase receptors, was used to reveal a dependence between the mnemotropic action and Trk receptors. GSB-214 at doses of 0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg statistically significantly prevented scopolamine-induced long-term memory impairment, while not affecting short-term memory. In the streptozotocin-induced model, GSB-214 completely eliminated the impairment of short-term memory. No mnemotropic effect of GSB-214 was registered when Trk receptors were inhibited by K252A.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Yu Povarnina
- Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, 125315 Russia
| | - A A Volkova
- Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, 125315 Russia
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - O N Vorontsova
- Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, 125315 Russia
| | - A A Kamensky
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119991 Russia
| | - T A Gudasheva
- Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, 125315 Russia
| | - S B Seredenin
- Research Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, 125315 Russia
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Szarowicz CA, Steece-Collier K, Caulfield ME. New Frontiers in Neurodegeneration and Regeneration Associated with Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and the rs6265 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23148011. [PMID: 35887357 PMCID: PMC9319713 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23148011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is an extensively studied neurotrophin implicated in the pathology of multiple neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders including, but not limited to, Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, traumatic brain injury, major de-pressive disorder, and schizophrenia. Here we provide a brief summary of current knowledge on the role of BDNF and the common human single nucleotide polymorphism, rs6265, in driving the pathogenesis and rehabilitation in these disorders, as well as the status of BDNF-targeted therapies. A common trend has emerged correlating low BDNF levels, either detected within the central nervous system or peripherally, to disease states, suggesting that BDNF replacement therapies may hold clinical promise. In addition, we introduce evidence for a distinct role of the BDNF pro-peptide as a biologically active ligand and the need for continuing studies on its neurological function outside of that as a molecular chaperone. Finally, we highlight the latest research describing the role of rs6265 expression in mechanisms of neurodegeneration as well as paradoxical advances in the understanding of this genetic variant in neuroregeneration. All of this is discussed in the context of personalized medicine, acknowledging there is no “one size fits all” therapy for neurodegenerative or psychiatric disorders and that continued study of the multiple BDNF isoforms and genetic variants represents an avenue for discovery ripe with therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlye A. Szarowicz
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; (C.A.S.); (K.S.-C.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Kathy Steece-Collier
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; (C.A.S.); (K.S.-C.)
| | - Margaret E. Caulfield
- Department of Translational Neuroscience, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA; (C.A.S.); (K.S.-C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-616-234-0969; Fax: +1- 616-234-0991
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Yang S, Zhu G. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Translational Perspective from the Mechanism to Drug Development. Curr Neuropharmacol 2022; 20:1479-1497. [PMID: 34525922 PMCID: PMC9881092 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x19666210915122820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) is a kind of natural flavonoid with the potential to cross the blood-brain barrier. 7,8-DHF effectively mimics the effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the brain to selectively activate tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) and downstream signaling pathways, thus playing a neuroprotective role. The preclinical effects of 7,8-DHF have been widely investigated in neuropsychiatric disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), depression, and memory impairment. Besides the effect on TrkB, 7,8-DHF could also function through fighting against oxidative stress, cooperating with estrogen receptors, or regulating intestinal flora. This review focuses on the recent experimental studies on depression, neurodegenerative diseases, and learning and memory functions. Additionally, the structural modification and preparation of 7,8-DHF were also concluded and proposed, hoping to provide a reference for the follow-up research and clinical drug development of 7,8-DHF in the field of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaojie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230038, China
| | - Guoqi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Xin’an Medicine, the Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, 230038, China,Address correspondence to this author at the Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Meishan Road 103, Hefei 230038, China; E-mail:
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Gupta V, Chitranshi N, Gupta V, You Y, Rajput R, Paulo JA, Mirzaei M, van den Buuse M, Graham SL. TrkB receptor agonist 7,8 dihydroxyflavone is protective against the inner retinal deficits induced by experimental glaucoma. Neuroscience 2022; 490:36-48. [PMID: 35217121 PMCID: PMC9142859 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Glaucoma is an age-related neurodegenerative disorder characterized by retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration and excavation of the optic nerve head (ONH). It is associated with an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP) and progressive decline in the visual field. Reduction in the retrograde axonal transport of neurotrophic factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) from the brain to the neuronal cell bodies in retina, has been suggested as one of the key mechanisms underlying selective degeneration of ganglion cells and optic nerve in glaucoma. Multiple studies have indicated that BDNF and its high affinity receptor Tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) play crucial roles in survival of RGCs and that upregulating BDNF/TrkB signalling using gene therapy can protect the ganglion cells against degeneration. This study corroborates previous findings and demonstrates that glaucoma is associated with downregulation of TrkB downstream signalling and enhanced levels of amyloid β (Aβ 1-42) accumulation in the retina. 7,8 dihydroxyflavone (7,8 DHF) is a TrkB agonist and regular administration of this compound imparted significant protection against loss of GCL density and preserved inner retinal function in experimental glaucoma models. 7,8 DHF treatment stimulated activation of TrkB intracellular signalling as well as ameliorated the increase in the levels of soluble Aβ (1-42) in the retinas of rats and mice exposed to high IOP. The protective effects of 7,8 DHF were also evident in BDNF+/- mice indicating that TrkB agonist mediated activation of TrkB signalling was not altered upon BDNF allelic impairment. These data support BDNF/TrkB axis as a promising therapeutic target in glaucoma and highlight that the detrimental effects of high IOP exposure can be compensated by the exogenous administration of a TrkB agonist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Gupta
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie university, NSW, Australia.
| | - Nitin Chitranshi
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie university, NSW, Australia
| | - Veer Gupta
- School of Medicine, Deakin University, VIC, Australia
| | - Yuyi You
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie university, NSW, Australia; Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Rashi Rajput
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie university, NSW, Australia
| | - Joao A Paulo
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie university, NSW, Australia
| | - Maarten van den Buuse
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stuart L Graham
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie university, NSW, Australia; Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Chiang NN, Lin TH, Teng YS, Sun YC, Chang KH, Lin CY, Hsieh-Li HM, Su MT, Chen CM, Lee-Chen GJ. Flavones 7,8-DHF, Quercetin, and Apigenin Against Tau Toxicity via Activation of TRKB Signaling in ΔK280 Tau RD-DsRed SH-SY5Y Cells. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 13:758895. [PMID: 34975454 PMCID: PMC8714935 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.758895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with memory loss and cognitive decline. Neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) formed by hyperphosphorylated Tau protein are one of the pathological hallmarks of several neurodegenerative diseases including AD. Heat shock protein family B (small) member 1 (HSPB1) is a molecular chaperone that promotes the correct folding of other proteins in response to environmental stress. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (NRF2), a redox-regulated transcription factor, is the master regulator of the cellular response to excess reactive oxygen species. Tropomyosin-related kinase B (TRKB) is a membrane-bound receptor that, upon binding brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), phosphorylates itself to initiate downstream signaling for neuronal survival and axonal growth. In this study, four natural flavones such as 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF), wogonin, quercetin, and apigenin were evaluated for Tau aggregation inhibitory activity and neuroprotection in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma. Among the tested flavones, 7,8-DHF, quercetin, and apigenin reduced Tau aggregation, oxidative stress, and caspase-1 activity as well as improved neurite outgrowth in SH-SY5Y cells expressing ΔK280 TauRD-DsRed folding reporter. Treatments with 7,8-DHF, quercetin, and apigenin rescued the reduced HSPB1 and NRF2 and activated TRKB-mediated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling to upregulate cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) and its downstream antiapoptotic BCL2 apoptosis regulator (BCL2). Knockdown of TRKB attenuated the neuroprotective effects of these three flavones. Our results suggest 7,8-DHF, quercetin, and apigenin targeting HSPB1, NRF2, and TRKB to reduce Tau aggregation and protect cells against Tau neurotoxicity and may provide new treatment strategies for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni-Ni Chiang
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Te-Hsien Lin
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Teng
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chieh Sun
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Hsuan Chang
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yin Lin
- Medical Imaging Research Center, Institute for Radiological Research, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu Mei Hsieh-Li
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Tsan Su
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chiung-Mei Chen
- Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University School of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Guey-Jen Lee-Chen
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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7,8-Dihydroxyflavone improves cognitive functions in ICV-STZ rat model of sporadic Alzheimer's disease by reversing oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and insulin resistance. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:1991-2009. [PMID: 33774703 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05826-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Intracerebroventricular (ICV) streptozotocin (STZ) mimics sporadic Alzheimer's disease (SAD) characterized by tau pathology and neurodegeneration arising from oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and insulin resistance. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) is a flavonoid having antioxidant property interlinked with mitochondrial functioning and insulin actions. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the neuroprotective and cognitive enhancement properties of 7,8-DHF in an ICV-STZ rat model of SAD. METHODS ICV-STZ (3 mg/kg) was injected into male Wistar rats. Cognitive functions were evaluated by Morris water maze (MWM) and novel object recognition (NOR). 7,8-DHF (5 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, and 20 mg/kg) and rivastigmine (2 mg/kg) were given orally for 21 days. Reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein carbonylation (PCO), and nitrite assays were performed. Mitochondrial enzyme complex I, II, III, and IV, and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activities were determined. ELISA for the insulin-degrading enzyme (IDE) and p-tau was done. Histopathology was investigated by hematoxylin and eosin staining. RESULTS 7,8-DHF treatment attenuated ICV-STZ-induced cognitive deficit in MWM and NOR. Moreover, in the cortex and hippocampus regions of the brain, GSH, catalase, SOD, GPX, LPO, PCO, and nitrite levels were reversed. Mitochondrial enzyme complex I, II, III, and IV, and acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activities were also normalized. IDE and p-tau protein were found to be significantly altered. 7,8-DHF provided protection from neuronal cell death examined in histopathology. CONCLUSIONS Conclusively, 7,8-DHF was found to be neuroprotective in the ICV-STZ rat model by ameliorating oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and insulin resistance, thereby improving cognitive functions evident with the behavioral results.
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Suggesting 7,8-dihydroxyflavone as a promising nutraceutical against CNS disorders. Neurochem Int 2021; 148:105068. [PMID: 34022252 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2021.105068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
7,8-dihydroxyflavone (DHF), a naturally-occurring plant-based flavone, is a high-affinity tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) agonist and a bioactive molecule of therapeutic interest for neuronal survival, differentiation, synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis. In the family of neurotrophic factors, this small BDNF-mimetic molecule has attracted considerable attention due to its oral bioavailability and ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. Recent evidences have shed light on the neuroprotective role of this pleiotropic flavone against several neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cerebral ischemia, Huntington's disease, and other CNS disorders. DHF also elicits potent protective actions against toxins-induced insults to brain and neuronal cells. DHF shows promising anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in ameliorating the neurodegenerative processes affecting the CNS. This review provides an overview of the significant neuroprotective potentials of DHF and discusses how it exerts its multitudinous beneficial effects by modulating different pathways linked with the pathophysiology of CNS disorders, and thus proposes it to be a nutraceutical against a broad spectrum of neurological disorders.
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15
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Leptin enhances adult neurogenesis and reduces pathological features in a transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 148:105219. [PMID: 33301880 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common dementia worldwide and is characterized by the presence of senile plaques by amyloid-beta (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles of hyperphosphorylated Tau protein. These changes lead to progressive neuronal degeneration and dysfunction, resulting in severe brain atrophy and cognitive deficits. With the discovery that neurogenesis persists in the adult mammalian brain, including brain regions affected by AD, studies of the use of neural stem cells (NSCs) for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases to repair or prevent neuronal cell loss have increased. Here we demonstrate that leptin administration increases the neurogenic process in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus as well as in the subventricular zone of lateral ventricles of adult and aged mice. Chronic treatment with leptin increased NSCs proliferation with significant effects on proliferation and differentiation of newborn cells. The expression of the long form of the leptin receptor, LepRb, was detected in the neurogenic niches by reverse qPCR and immunohistochemistry. Moreover, leptin modulated astrogliosis, microglial cell number and the formation of senile plaques. Additionally, leptin led to attenuation of Aβ-induced neurodegeneration and superoxide anion production as revealed by Fluoro-Jade B and dihydroethidium staining. Our study contributes to the understanding of the effects of leptin in the brain that may lead to the development of new therapies to treat Alzheimer's disease.
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Cichon N, Saluk-Bijak J, Gorniak L, Przyslo L, Bijak M. Flavonoids as a Natural Enhancer of Neuroplasticity-An Overview of the Mechanism of Neurorestorative Action. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9111035. [PMID: 33114058 PMCID: PMC7690743 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroplasticity is a complex physiological process occurring in the brain for its entire life. However, it is of particular importance in the case of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Neurological recovery largely depends on the ability to reestablish the structural and functional organization of neurovascular networks, which must be pharmacologically supported. For this reason, new forms of therapy are constantly being sought. Including adjuvant therapies in standard treatment may support the enhancement of repair processes and restore impaired brain functions. The common hallmark of nerve tissue damage is increased by oxidative stress and inflammation. Thus, the studies on flavonoids with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties as a potential application in neuro intervention have been carried out for a long time. However, recent results have revealed another important property of these compounds in CNS therapy. Flavonoids possess neuroprotective activity, and promote synaptogenesis and neurogenesis, by, among other means, inhibiting oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. This paper presents an overview of the latest knowledge on the impact of flavonoids on the plasticity processes of the brain, taking into account the molecular basis of their activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Cichon
- Biohazard Prevention Center, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (L.G.); (M.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-42-635-43-36
| | - Joanna Saluk-Bijak
- Department of General Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Leslaw Gorniak
- Biohazard Prevention Center, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (L.G.); (M.B.)
| | - Lukasz Przyslo
- Department of Developmental Neurology and Epileptology, Research Institute of Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital, Rzgowska 281/289, 93-338 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Michal Bijak
- Biohazard Prevention Center, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland; (L.G.); (M.B.)
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Emili M, Guidi S, Uguagliati B, Giacomini A, Bartesaghi R, Stagni F. Treatment with the flavonoid 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone: a promising strategy for a constellation of body and brain disorders. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:13-50. [DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1810625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Emili
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sandra Guidi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Beatrice Uguagliati
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Giacomini
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Renata Bartesaghi
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Fiorenza Stagni
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Rimini, Italy
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18
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Saragovi HU, Galan A, Levin LA. Neuroprotection: Pro-survival and Anti-neurotoxic Mechanisms as Therapeutic Strategies in Neurodegeneration. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:231. [PMID: 31244606 PMCID: PMC6563757 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophins (NTs) are a subset of the neurotrophic factor family. These growth factors were originally named based on the nerve growth functional assays used to identify them. NTs act as paracrine or autocrine factors for cells expressing NT receptors. The receptors and their function have been studied primarily in cells of the nervous system, but are also present in the cardiovascular, endocrine, and immune systems, as well as in many neoplastic cells. The signals activated by NTs can be varied, depending on cellular stage and context, healthy or disease states, and depending on whether the specific NTs and their receptors are expressed in the relevant cells. In the healthy central and peripheral adult nervous systems, NTs drive neuronal survival, phenotype, synaptic maintenance, and function. Deficiencies of the NT/NT receptor axis are causally associated with disease onset or disease progression. Paradoxically, NTs can also drive synaptic loss and neuronal death. In the embryonic stage this activity is essential for proper developmental pruning of the nervous system, but in the adult it can be associated with neurodegenerative disease. Given their key role in neuronal survival and death, NTs and NT receptors have long been considered therapeutic targets to achieve neuroprotection. The first neuroprotective approaches consisted of enhancing neuronal survival signals using NTs. Later strategies selectively targeted receptors to induce survival signals specifically, while avoiding activation of death signals. Recently, the concept of selectively targeting receptors to reduce neuronal death signals has emerged. Here, we review the rationale of each neuroprotective strategy with respect to the complex cell biology and pharmacology of each target receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Horacio Uri Saragovi
- Lady Davis Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Alba Galan
- Lady Davis Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Leonard A Levin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.,McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada.,Montreal Neurological Institute, Mcgill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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19
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Rhine MA, Parrott JM, Schultz MN, Kazdoba TM, Crawley JN. Hypothesis-driven investigations of diverse pharmacological targets in two mouse models of autism. Autism Res 2019; 12:401-421. [PMID: 30653853 PMCID: PMC6402976 DOI: 10.1002/aur.2066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental syndrome diagnosed primarily by persistent deficits in social interactions and communication, unusual sensory reactivity, motor stereotypies, repetitive behaviors, and restricted interests. No FDA‐approved medical treatments exist for the diagnostic symptoms of autism. Here we interrogate multiple pharmacological targets in two distinct mouse models that incorporate well‐replicated autism‐relevant behavioral phenotypes. Compounds that modify inhibitory or excitatory neurotransmission were selected to address hypotheses based on previously published biological abnormalities in each model. Shank3B is a genetic model of a mutation found in autism and Phelan‐McDermid syndrome, in which deficits in excitatory neurotransmission and synaptic plasticity have been reported. BTBR is an inbred strain model of forms of idiopathic autism in which reduced inhibitory neurotransmission and excessive mTOR signaling have been reported. The GABA‐A receptor agonist gaboxadol significantly reduced repetitive self‐grooming in three independent cohorts of BTBR. The TrkB receptor agonist 7,8‐DHF improved spatial learning in Shank3B mice, and reversed aspects of social deficits in BTBR. CX546, a positive allosteric modulator of the glutamatergic AMPA receptor, and d‐cycloserine, a partial agonist of the glycine site on the glutamatergic NMDA receptor, did not rescue aberrant behaviors in Shank3B mice. The mTOR inhibitor rapamycin did not ameliorate social deficits or repetitive behavior in BTBR mice. Comparison of positive and negative pharmacological outcomes, on multiple phenotypes, evaluated for replicability across independent cohorts, enhances the translational value of mouse models of autism for therapeutic discovery. GABA agonists present opportunities for personalized interventions to treat components of autism spectrum disorder. Autism Res 2019, 12: 401–421 © 2019 The Authors. Autism Research published by International Society for Autism Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Lay Summary Many of the risk genes for autism impair synapses, the connections between nerve cells in the brain. A drug that reverses the synaptic effects of a mutation could offer a precision therapy. Combining pharmacological and behavioral therapies could reduce symptoms and improve the quality of life for people with autism. Here we report reductions in repetitive behavior by a GABA‐A receptor agonist, gaboxadol, and improvements in social and cognitive behaviors by a TrkB receptor agonist, in mouse models of autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya A Rhine
- MIND Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, 95817
| | - Jennifer M Parrott
- MIND Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, 95817
| | - Maria N Schultz
- MIND Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, 95817
| | - Tatiana M Kazdoba
- MIND Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, 95817
| | - Jacqueline N Crawley
- MIND Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, 95817
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20
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Creighton SD, Mendell AL, Palmer D, Kalisch BE, MacLusky NJ, Prado VF, Prado MAM, Winters BD. Dissociable cognitive impairments in two strains of transgenic Alzheimer's disease mice revealed by a battery of object-based tests. Sci Rep 2019; 9:57. [PMID: 30635592 PMCID: PMC6329782 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37312-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Object recognition tasks detect cognitive deficits in transgenic Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse models. Object recognition, however, is not a unitary process, and there are many uncharacterized facets of object processing with relevance to AD. We therefore systematically evaluated object processing in 5xFAD and 3xTG AD mice to clarify the nature of object recognition-related deficits. Twelve-month-old male and female 5xFAD and 3xTG mice were assessed on tasks for object identity recognition, spatial recognition, and multisensory object perception. Memory and multisensory perceptual impairments were observed, with interesting dissociations between transgenic AD strains and sex that paralleled neuropathological changes. Overreliance on the widespread "object recognition" task threatens to slow discovery of potentially significant and clinically relevant behavioural effects related to this multifaceted cognitive function. The current results support the use of carefully designed object-based test batteries to clarify the relationship between "object recognition" impairments and specific aspects of AD pathology in rodent models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha D Creighton
- Department of Psychology and Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Ari L Mendell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Palmer
- Department of Psychology and Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Bettina E Kalisch
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Neil J MacLusky
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Vania F Prado
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marco A M Prado
- Molecular Medicine Research Group, Robarts Research Institute, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Boyer D Winters
- Department of Psychology and Collaborative Neuroscience Program, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada.
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21
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Levy MJF, Boulle F, Steinbusch HW, van den Hove DLA, Kenis G, Lanfumey L. Neurotrophic factors and neuroplasticity pathways in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:2195-2220. [PMID: 29961124 PMCID: PMC6061771 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-018-4950-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Depression is a major health problem with a high prevalence and a heavy socioeconomic burden in western societies. It is associated with atrophy and impaired functioning of cortico-limbic regions involved in mood and emotion regulation. It has been suggested that alterations in neurotrophins underlie impaired neuroplasticity, which may be causally related to the development and course of depression. Accordingly, mounting evidence suggests that antidepressant treatment may exert its beneficial effects by enhancing trophic signaling on neuronal and synaptic plasticity. However, current antidepressants still show a delayed onset of action, as well as lack of efficacy. Hence, a deeper understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of depression, as well as in the action of antidepressants, might provide further insight to drive the development of novel fast-acting and more effective therapies. Here, we summarize the current literature on the involvement of neurotrophic factors in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. Further, we advocate that future development of antidepressants should be based on the neurotrophin theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion J F Levy
- Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (Inserm U894), Université Paris Descartes, 102-108 rue de la santé, 75014, Paris, France
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- EURON-European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Fabien Boulle
- Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (Inserm U894), Université Paris Descartes, 102-108 rue de la santé, 75014, Paris, France
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- EURON-European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Harry W Steinbusch
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- EURON-European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Daniël L A van den Hove
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- EURON-European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Gunter Kenis
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- EURON-European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Laurence Lanfumey
- Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (Inserm U894), Université Paris Descartes, 102-108 rue de la santé, 75014, Paris, France.
- EURON-European Graduate School of Neuroscience, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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22
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Lee B, Shim I, Lee H, Hahm DH. Melatonin ameliorates cognitive memory by regulation of cAMP-response element-binding protein expression and the anti-inflammatory response in a rat model of post-traumatic stress disorder. BMC Neurosci 2018; 19:38. [PMID: 29973144 PMCID: PMC6032787 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-018-0439-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an important psychological disease that can develop following the physical experience or witnessing of traumatic events. The psychopathological response to traumatic stressors increases inflammation in the hippocampus and induces memory deficits. Melatonin (MTG) plays critical roles in circadian rhythm disorders, Alzheimer's disease, and other neurological disorders. However, the cognitive efficiency of MTG and its mechanisms of action in the treatment of PTSD remain unclear. Thus, the present study investigated the effects of MTG on spatial cognitive impairments stimulated by single prolonged stress (SPS) in rats, an animal model of PTSD. Male rats received intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of various doses of MTG for 21 consecutive days after the SPS procedure. RESULTS SPS-stimulated cognitive impairments in the object recognition task and Morris water maze were reversed by MTG treatment (25 mg/kg, i.p). Additionally, MTG significantly increased cognitive memory-related decreases in cAMP-response element-binding (CREB) protein and mRNA levels in the hippocampus. Our results also demonstrate that MTG significantly inhibited SPS-stimulated cognitive memory impairments by inhibiting the expression of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the rat brain. CONCLUSION The present results indicate that MTG can be beneficial for SPS-stimulated memory impairments via changes in CREB expression and proinflammatory mediators. Thus, MTG may be a prophylactic strategy for the prevention or mitigation of the progression of some features of the PTSD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bombi Lee
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
- Center for Converging Humanities, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
| | - Insop Shim
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejung Lee
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hyun Hahm
- Acupuncture and Meridian Science Research Center, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
- Center for Converging Humanities, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447 Republic of Korea
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23
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Aytan N, Choi JK, Carreras I, Crabtree L, Nguyen B, Lehar M, Blusztajn JK, Jenkins BG, Dedeoglu A. Protective effects of 7,8-dihydroxyflavone on neuropathological and neurochemical changes in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 828:9-17. [PMID: 29510124 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Interest in brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) was greatly enhanced when it was recognized that its expression is reduced in neurodegenerative disorders, especially in Alzheimer's disease (AD). BDNF signaling through the TrkB receptor has a central role in promoting synaptic transmission, synaptogenesis, and facilitating synaptic plasticity making the BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway an attractive candidate for targeted therapies. Here we investigated the early effect of the small molecule TrkB agonist, 7,8 dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF), on AD-related pathology, dendritic arborization, synaptic density, and neurochemical changes in the 5xFAD mouse model of AD. We treated 5xFAD mice with 7,8-DHF for 2 months beginning at 1 month of age. We found that, in this model of AD, 7,8-DHF treatment decreased cortical Aβ plaque deposition and protected cortical neurons against reduced dendritic arbor complexity but had no significant impact on the density of dendritic spines. In addition 7,8-DHF treatment protected against hippocampal increase in the level of choline-containing compounds and glutamate loss, but had no significant impact on hippocampal neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurgul Aytan
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA; Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Ji-Kyung Choi
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Isabel Carreras
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA; Department of Biochemistry Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Leah Crabtree
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA; Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; University of Exeter Medical School, Devon EX4 4QJ, UK.
| | - Brian Nguyen
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA; Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | - Margaret Lehar
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA; Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
| | | | - Bruce G Jenkins
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Alpaslan Dedeoglu
- Department of Veterans Affairs, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA 02130, USA; Department of Neurology Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
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24
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Perez-Rando M, Castillo-Gomez E, Bueno-Fernandez C, Nacher J. The TrkB agonist 7,8-dihydroxyflavone changes the structural dynamics of neocortical pyramidal neurons and improves object recognition in mice. Brain Struct Funct 2018; 223:2393-2408. [PMID: 29500536 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-018-1637-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BDNF and its receptor TrkB have important roles in neurodevelopment, neural plasticity, learning, and memory. Alterations in TrkB expression have been described in different CNS disorders. Therefore, drugs interacting with TrkB, specially agonists, are promising therapeutic tools. Among them, the recently described 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (DHF), an orally bioactive compound, has been successfully tested in animal models of these diseases. Recent studies have shown the influence of this drug on the structure of pyramidal neurons, specifically on dendritic spine density. However, there is no information yet on how DHF may alter the structural dynamics of these neurons (i.e., real-time study of the addition/elimination of dendritic spines and axonal boutons). To gain knowledge on these effects of DHF, we have performed a real-time analysis of spine and axonal dynamics in pyramidal neurons of barrel cortex, using cranial windows and 2-photon microscopy during a chronic oral treatment with this drug. After confirming TrkB expression in these neurons, we found that DHF increased the gain rates of spines and axonal boutons, as well as improved object recognition memory. These results help to understand how the activation of the BDNF-TrkB system can improve basic behavioral tasks through changes in the structural dynamics of pyramidal neurons. Moreover, they highlight DHF as a promising therapeutic vector for certain brain disorders in which this system is altered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Perez-Rando
- Neurobiology Unit, Cell Biology Department, Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner, 50, Burjassot, 46100, Spain
| | - Esther Castillo-Gomez
- Neurobiology Unit, Cell Biology Department, Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner, 50, Burjassot, 46100, Spain. .,CIBERSAM: Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health, Valencia, Spain. .,Department of Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Vicente Sos Banyat s/n, 12071, Castellón de la Plana, Spain.
| | - Clara Bueno-Fernandez
- Neurobiology Unit, Cell Biology Department, Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner, 50, Burjassot, 46100, Spain
| | - Juan Nacher
- Neurobiology Unit, Cell Biology Department, Program in Neurosciences and Interdisciplinary Research Structure for Biotechnology and Biomedicine (BIOTECMED), Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner, 50, Burjassot, 46100, Spain. .,CIBERSAM: Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health, Valencia, Spain. .,Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico de Valencia, INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain.
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Mechanisms of dietary flavonoid action in neuronal function and neuroinflammation. Mol Aspects Med 2017; 61:50-62. [PMID: 29117513 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are a class of plant-derived dietary polyphenols that have attracted attention for their pro-cognitive and anti-inflammatory effects. The diversity of flavonoids and their extensive in vivo metabolism suggest that a variety of cellular targets in the brain are likely to be impacted by flavonoid consumption. Initially characterized as antioxidants, flavonoids are now believed to act directly on neurons and glia via the interaction with major signal transduction cascades, as well as indirectly via interaction with the blood-brain barrier and cerebral vasculature. This review discusses potential mechanisms of flavonoid action in the brain, with a focus on two critical transcription factors: cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB). To advance beyond current understanding of cellular targets, critical bioavailability studies need to be performed to verify the identity and concentration of flavonoid metabolites reaching the brain after ingestion and to validate that these metabolites are produced not just in rodent models but also in humans. Recent advances in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) differentiation protocols to generate human neuronal and glial cell types could also provide a unique tool for clinically relevant in vitro investigation of the mechanisms of action of bioavailable flavonoid metabolites in humans.
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Chitranshi N, Dheer Y, Gupta V, Abbasi M, Mirzaei M, You Y, Chung R, Graham SL, Gupta V. PTPN11 induces endoplasmic stress and apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells. Neuroscience 2017; 364:175-189. [PMID: 28947394 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PTPN11 is associated with regulation of growth factor signaling pathways in neuronal cells. Using SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells, we showed that adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated PTPN11 upregulation was associated with TrkB antagonism, reduced neuritogenesis and enhanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response leading to apoptotic changes. Genetic knock-down of PTPN11 on the other hand leads to increased TrkB phosphorylation in SH-SY5Y cells. ER stress response induced by PTPN11 upregulation was alleviated pharmacologically by a TrkB agonist. Conversely the enhanced ER stress response induced by TrkB receptor antagonism was ameliorated by PTPN11 suppression, providing evidence of cross-talk of PTPN11 effects with TrkB actions. BDNF treatment of neuronal cells with PTPN11 upregulation also resulted in reduced expression of ER stress protein markers. This study provides evidence of molecular interactions between PTPN11 and the TrkB receptor in SH-SY5Y cells. The results reinforce the role played by PTPN11 in regulating neurotrophin protective signaling in neuronal cells and highlight that PTPN11 dysregulation promotes apoptotic activation. Based on these findings we suggest that blocking PTPN11 could have potential beneficial effects to limit the progression of neuronal loss in neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Chitranshi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, F10A, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia.
| | - Yogita Dheer
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, F10A, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Veer Gupta
- School of Medical Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, Australia
| | - Mojdeh Abbasi
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, F10A, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Mehdi Mirzaei
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, F10A, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia; Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia; Australian Proteome Analysis Facility, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Yuyi You
- Save Sight Institute, Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Roger Chung
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, F10A, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
| | - Stuart L Graham
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, F10A, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia; Save Sight Institute, Sydney University, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, F10A, 2 Technology Place, North Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia
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Baazaoui N, Iqbal K. Prevention of dendritic and synaptic deficits and cognitive impairment with a neurotrophic compound. ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY 2017; 9:45. [PMID: 28655344 PMCID: PMC5488423 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-017-0273-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background The use of neurotrophic factors to treat Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is hindered by their blood–brain barrier impermeability, short half-life, and severe side effects. Peptide 021 (P021) is a neurotrophic/neurogenic tetra-peptide that was derived from the most active region of the ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) by epitope mapping. Admantylated glycine was added to its C-terminal to increase its blood–brain barrier permeability and decrease its degradation by exopeptidases to make it druggable. Here, we report on the preventive effect of P021 in 3 × Tg-AD, a transgenic mouse model of AD. Methods P021 was administered in the diet at 3 months, i.e., 6–9 months before any overt amyloid beta (Aβ) or tau pathology, and during the period of synaptic compensation, and was continued until 21 months in 3 × Tg-AD mice. The 3 × Tg-AD mice and wild-type (WT) mice were treated identically but with a vehicle-only diet serving as controls. The effects of P021 on neurogenesis, dendritic and synaptic markers, and cognitive performance were investigated. Results We found that P021 treatment was able to rescue dendritic and synaptic deficits, boost neurogenesis, and reverse cognitive impairment in 3 × Tg-AD mice. Conclusions Availability of appropriate neurotrophic support during the period of synaptic compensation can prevent synaptic deficit and cognitive impairment, and P021 is a promising neurotrophic compound for this purpose. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13195-017-0273-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narjes Baazaoui
- Department of Neurochemistry, IngeGrundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY, 10314, USA.,Graduate Program in Biology (Neuroscience), College of Staten Island (CSI), City University of New York (CUNY) Graduate Center, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, 10016-4309, USA
| | - Khalid Iqbal
- Department of Neurochemistry, IngeGrundke-Iqbal Research Floor, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities, 1050 Forest Hill Road, Staten Island, NY, 10314, USA.
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Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Loaded PS80 PBCA Nanocarrier for In Vitro Neural Differentiation of Mouse Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030663. [PMID: 28335495 PMCID: PMC5372675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) can induce neural differentiation in stem cells and has the potential for repair of the nervous system. In this study, a polysorbate 80-coated polybutylcyanoacrylate nanocarrier (PS80 PBCA NC) was constructed to deliver plasmid DNAs (pDNAs) containing BDNF gene attached to a hypoxia-responsive element (HRE-cmvBDNF). The hypoxia-sensing mechanism of BDNF expression and inductiveness of the nano-formulation on mouse induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to differentiate into neurons following hypoxia was tested in vitro with immunofluorescent staining and Western blotting. The HRE-cmvBDNF appeared to adsorb onto the surface of PS80 PBCA NC, with a resultant mean diameter of 92.6 ± 1.0 nm and zeta potential of −14.1 ± 1.1 mV. HIF-1α level in iPSCs was significantly higher in hypoxia, which resulted in a 51% greater BDNF expression when transfected with PS80 PBCA NC/HRE-cmvBDNF than those without hypoxia. TrkB and phospho-Akt were also elevated which correlated with neural differentiation. The findings suggest that PS80 PBCA NC too can be endocytosed to serve as an efficient vector for genes coupled to the HRE in hypoxia-sensitive cells, and activation of the PI3/Akt pathway in iPSCs by BDNF is capable of neural lineage specification.
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Wurzelmann M, Romeika J, Sun D. Therapeutic potential of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and a small molecular mimics of BDNF for traumatic brain injury. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:7-12. [PMID: 28250730 PMCID: PMC5319242 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.198964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health problem worldwide. Following primary mechanical insults, a cascade of secondary injuries often leads to further neural tissue loss. Thus far there is no cure to rescue the damaged neural tissue. Current therapeutic strategies primarily target the secondary injuries focusing on neuroprotection and neuroregeneration. The neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has significant effect in both aspects, promoting neuronal survival, synaptic plasticity and neurogenesis. Recently, the flavonoid 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF), a small TrkB agonist that mimics BDNF function, has shown similar effects as BDNF in promoting neuronal survival and regeneration following TBI. Compared to BDNF, 7,8-DHF has a longer half-life and much smaller molecular size, capable of penetrating the blood-brain barrier, which makes it possible for non-invasive clinical application. In this review, we summarize functions of the BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway and studies examining the potential of BDNF and 7,8-DHF as a therapy for TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Wurzelmann
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Jennifer Romeika
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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7,8-DHF Treatment Induces Cyr61 Expression to Suppress Hypoxia Induced ER Stress in HK-2 Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2016:5029797. [PMID: 28116298 PMCID: PMC5223021 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5029797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common syndrome which is strongly linked to high morbidity and mortality. Hypoxia is the leading cause of AKI and the proximal renal tubular cells are the most damaged part in the kidney during this period. It has been observed that 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) plays a protective role by acting on antiapoptosis and antioxidative stress. In this study we explored functions of 7,8-DHF in protecting human proximal tubular cell line HK-2 from hypoxia insults. We observed that treatment of 7,8-DHF could improve the viability of ischemic cell. Mechanistically, we found that 7,8-DHF could elevate the expression of cysteine-rich protein 61 (Cyr61), a protective immediate early gene in AKI. In addition, treatment of 7,8-DHF decreased CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) expression, which is a marker protein during endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress activation. Intriguingly, overexpression of Cyr61 significantly reduced CHOP expression. Taken together, our results provide novel insights into the possible protective role of 7,8-DHF by activating Cyr61 signaling and suppressing ER stress in hypoxic HK-2 cells which have potential clinical implications for the treatment of AKI.
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Josephy-Hernandez S, Jmaeff S, Pirvulescu I, Aboulkassim T, Saragovi HU. Neurotrophin receptor agonists and antagonists as therapeutic agents: An evolving paradigm. Neurobiol Dis 2016; 97:139-155. [PMID: 27546056 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders are prevalent, complex and devastating conditions, with very limited treatment options currently available. While they manifest in many forms, there are commonalities that link them together. In this review, we will focus on neurotrophins - a family of related factors involved in neuronal development and maintenance. Neurodegenerative diseases often present with a neurotrophin imbalance, in which there may be decreases in trophic signaling through Trk receptors for example, and/or increases in pro-apoptotic activity through p75. Clinical trials with neurotrophins have continuously failed due to their poor pharmacological properties as well as the unavoidable activation of p75. Thus, there is a need for drugs without such setbacks. Small molecule neurotrophin mimetics are favorable options since they can selectively activate Trks or inactivate p75. In this review, we will initially present a brief outline of how these molecules are synthesized and their mechanisms of action; followed by an update in the current state of neurotrophins and small molecules in major neurodegenerative diseases. Although there has been significant progress in the development of potential therapeutics, more studies are needed to establish clear mechanisms of action and target specificity in order to transition from animal models to the assessment of safety and use in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Josephy-Hernandez
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sean Jmaeff
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Iulia Pirvulescu
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Tahar Aboulkassim
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - H Uri Saragovi
- Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Integrated Program in Neuroscience, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Liu C, Chan CB, Ye K. 7,8-dihydroxyflavone, a small molecular TrkB agonist, is useful for treating various BDNF-implicated human disorders. Transl Neurodegener 2016; 5:2. [PMID: 26740873 PMCID: PMC4702337 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-015-0048-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulates a variety of biological processes predominantly via binding to the transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase TrkB. It is a potential therapeutic target in numerous neurological, mental and metabolic disorders. However, the lack of efficient means to deliver BDNF into the body imposes an insurmountable hurdle to its clinical application. To address this challenge, we initiated a cell-based drug screening to search for small molecules that act as the TrkB agonist. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) is our first reported small molecular TrkB agonist, which has now been extensively validated in various biochemical and cellular systems. Though binding to the extracellular domain of TrkB, 7,8-DHF triggers TrkB dimerization to induce the downstream signaling. Notably, 7,8-DHF is orally bioactive that can penetrate the brain blood barrier (BBB) to exert its neurotrophic activities in the central nervous system. Numerous reports suggest 7,8-DHF processes promising therapeutic efficacy in various animal disease models that are related to deficient BDNF signaling. In this review, we summarize our current knowledge on the binding activity and specificity, structure-activity relationship, pharmacokinetic and metabolism, and the pre-clinical efficacy of 7,8-DHF against some human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyang Liu
- School of Information and Safety Engineering, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, 430073 P.R. China
| | - Chi Bun Chan
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 940 Stanton L. Young Blvd., Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA
| | - Keqiang Ye
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, 615 Michael Street, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
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Gao L, Tian M, Zhao HY, Xu QQ, Huang YM, Si QC, Tian Q, Wu QM, Hu XM, Sun LB, McClintock SM, Zeng Y. TrkB activation by 7, 8-dihydroxyflavone increases synapse AMPA subunits and ameliorates spatial memory deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. J Neurochem 2015; 136:620-36. [DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Revised: 09/20/2015] [Accepted: 11/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Gao
- Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction Research Center; School of Medicine; Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Mi Tian
- Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction Research Center; School of Medicine; Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Hong-Yun Zhao
- The Fifth Ward of Neurology Rehabilitation Center; Hangzhou Armed Police Hospital; Hangzhou China
| | - Qian-Qian Xu
- Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction Research Center; School of Medicine; Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Yu-Ming Huang
- Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction Research Center; School of Medicine; Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Qun-Cao Si
- Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction Research Center; School of Medicine; Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Qing Tian
- Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction Research Center; School of Medicine; Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Qing-Ming Wu
- Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction Research Center; School of Medicine; Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Xia-Min Hu
- Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction Research Center; School of Medicine; Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Li-Bo Sun
- Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction Research Center; School of Medicine; Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
| | - Shawn M. McClintock
- Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction Research Center; School of Medicine; Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
- Division of Brain Stimulation and Neurophysiology; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; Duke University School of Medicine; Durham North Carolina USA
- Department of Psychiatry; UT Southwestern Medical Center; Dallas Texas USA
| | - Yan Zeng
- Brain and Cognitive Dysfunction Research Center; School of Medicine; Wuhan University of Science and Technology; Wuhan China
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Feng P, Akladious AA, Hu Y, Raslan Y, Feng J, Smith PJ. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone reduces sleep during dark phase and suppresses orexin A but not orexin B in mice. J Psychiatr Res 2015; 69:110-9. [PMID: 26343602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2015.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) binds to Tropomyosin-receptor-kinase B (TrkB) receptors that regulate synaptic strength and plasticity in the mammalian nervous system. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (DHF) is a recently identified small molecule Trk B agonist that has been reported to ameliorate depression, attenuate the fear response, improve memory consolidation, and exert neuroprotective effects. Poor and disturbed sleep remains a symptom of major depressive disorder and most current antidepressants affect sleep. Therefore, we conducted sleep/wake recordings and concomitant measurement of brain orexins, endogenous peptides that suppress sleep, in mice for this study. Baseline polysomnograph recording was performed for 24 h followed by treatment with either 5 mg/kg of DHF or vehicle at the beginning of the dark phase. Animals were sacrificed the following day, one hour after the final treatment with DHF. Orexin A and B were quantified using ELISA and radioimmunoassay, respectively. Total sleep was significantly decreased in the DHF group, 4 h after drug administration in the dark phase, when compared with vehicle-treated animals. This difference was due to a significant decrease of non-rapid eye movement sleep, but not rapid eye movement sleep. DHF increased power of alpha and sigma bands but suppressed power of gamma band during sleep in dark phase. Interestingly, hypothalamic levels of orexin A were also significantly decreased in the DHF group (97 pg/mg) when compared with the vehicle-treated group (132 pg/mg). However, no significant differences of orexin B were observed between groups. Additionally, no change was found in immobility tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingfu Feng
- Louis Stokes Cleveland DVA Medical Center, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | | | - Yufen Hu
- Louis Stokes Cleveland DVA Medical Center, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Yousef Raslan
- Louis Stokes Cleveland DVA Medical Center, USA; Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James Feng
- Louis Stokes Cleveland DVA Medical Center, USA
| | - Phillip J Smith
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Du X, Hill R. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone as a pro-neurotrophic treatment for neurodevelopmental disorders. Neurochem Int 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2015.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Hong ZY, Yu SS, Wang ZJ, Zhu YZ. SCM-198 Ameliorates Cognitive Deficits, Promotes Neuronal Survival and Enhances CREB/BDNF/TrkB Signaling without Affecting Aβ Burden in AβPP/PS1 Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:18544-63. [PMID: 26262618 PMCID: PMC4581259 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160818544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
SCM-198 is an alkaloid found only in Herba leonuri and it has been reported to possess considerable neuroprotective effects in animal models of ischemic stroke, Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that 3-month oral SCM-198 treatment could significantly improve both recognition and spatial memory, inhibit microgliosis and promote neuronal survival in amyloid-β protein precursor and presenilin-1(AβPP/PS1) double-transgenic mice without affecting amyloid-β (Aβ) burden. In addition, decreases in cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) phosphorylation were attenuated by SCM-198 both in vivo and in primary cortical neurons, which could be blocked by protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitors, suggesting the involvement of upstream PKA in enhancing the BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling by SCM-198. Our results indicate that SCM-198, a drug that could promote neuronal survival and enhance BDNF/TrkB/CREB signaling, has beneficial effects on behavioral and biochemical alterations without affecting Aβ burden in AβPP/PS1 mice and might become a potential drug candidate for AD treatment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yi Hong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Shuang-Shuang Yu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Zhi-Jun Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Yi-Zhun Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Bioactive Small Molecules, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Du X, Pang TY. Is Dysregulation of the HPA-Axis a Core Pathophysiology Mediating Co-Morbid Depression in Neurodegenerative Diseases? Front Psychiatry 2015; 6:32. [PMID: 25806005 PMCID: PMC4353372 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence of prodromal manifestation of neuropsychiatric symptoms in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD). These affective symptoms may be observed many years before the core diagnostic symptoms of the neurological condition. It is becoming more apparent that depression is a significant modifying factor of the trajectory of disease progression and even treatment outcomes. It is therefore crucial that we understand the potential pathophysiologies related to the primary condition, which could contribute to the development of depression. The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis is a key neuroendocrine signaling system involved in physiological homeostasis and stress response. Disturbances of this system lead to severe hormonal imbalances, and the majority of such patients also present with behavioral deficits and/or mood disorders. Dysregulation of the HPA-axis is also strongly implicated in the pathology of major depressive disorder. Consistent with this, antidepressant drugs, such as the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have been shown to alter HPA-axis activity. In this review, we will summarize the current state of knowledge regarding HPA-axis pathology in Alzheimer's, PD and HD, differentiating between prodromal and later stages of disease progression when evidence is available. Both clinical and preclinical evidence will be examined, but we highlight animal model studies as being particularly useful for uncovering novel mechanisms of pathology related to co-morbid mood disorders. Finally, we purpose utilizing the preclinical evidence to better inform prospective, intervention studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Du
- Mental Health Division, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, VIC , Australia
| | - Terence Y Pang
- Behavioural Neurosciences Division, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne , Melbourne, VIC , Australia
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Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Alzheimer's Disease: Risk, Mechanisms, and Therapy. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 52:1477-1493. [PMID: 25354497 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8958-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has a neurotrophic support on neuron of central nervous system (CNS) and is a key molecule in the maintenance of synaptic plasticity and memory storage in hippocampus. However, changes of BDNF level and expression have been reported in the CNS as well as blood of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients in the last decade, which indicates a potential role of BDNF in the pathogenesis of AD. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the latest progress in the field of BDNF and its biological roles in AD pathogenesis. We will discuss the interaction between BDNF and amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide, the effect of BDNF on synaptic repair in AD, and the association between BDNF polymorphism and AD risk. The most important is, enlightening the detailed biological ability and complicated mechanisms of action of BDNF in the context of AD would provide a future BDNF-related remedy for AD, such as increment in the production or release of endogenous BDNF by some drugs or BDNF mimics.
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Kim DH, Lee Y, Lee HE, Park SJ, Jeon SJ, Jeon SJ, Cheong JH, Shin CY, Son KH, Ryu JH. Oroxylin A enhances memory consolidation through the brain-derived neurotrophic factor in mice. Brain Res Bull 2014; 108:67-73. [PMID: 25218897 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Memory consolidation is a process by which acquired information is transformed from a labile into a more stable state that can be retrieved at a later time. In the present study, we investigated the role of oroxylin A on the memory consolidation process in mice. Oroxylin A improved the memory retention administered at 0 h, 1 h and 3 h after training in a passive avoidance task, suggesting that oroxylin A facilitates memory consolidation. Oroxylin A increased mature brain-derived neurotrophic factor (mBDNF) levels in the hippocampus from 6h to 24h after administration. Moreover, 3h post-training administration of oroxylin A enhanced the mBDNF level at 9h after the acquisition trial compared to the level at 6h after the acquisition trial. However, 6h post-training administration of oroxylin A did not increase the mBDNF level at 9h after the acquisition trial. Blocking mBDNF signaling with recombinant tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB)-Fc or k252a at 9h after the acquisition trial obstructed the effect of oroxylin A on memory consolidation. Taken together, our data suggest that oroxylin A facilitates memory consolidation through BDNF-TrkB signaling and confirms that the increase of BDNF in a specific time window plays a crucial role in memory consolidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Dong-A University, #37 Nakdong-Daero, 550 Beon-Gil, Saha-Gu, Busan 604-714, Korea
| | - Younghwan Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, #26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Hyung Eun Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, #26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Se Jin Park
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, #26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Su Jin Jeon
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Korea
| | - Se Jin Jeon
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, #26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Cheong
- Department of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Nowon-goo, Seoul 139-742, Korea
| | - Chan Young Shin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine and Center for Geriatric Neuroscience Research, Konkuk University, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-Gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun Ho Son
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Korea.
| | - Jong Hoon Ryu
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, #26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Korea; Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, #26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemoon-Ku, Seoul 130-701, Korea.
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40
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Yang YJ, Li YK, Wang W, Wan JG, Yu B, Wang MZ, Hu B. Small-molecule TrkB agonist 7,8-dihydroxyflavone reverses cognitive and synaptic plasticity deficits in a rat model of schizophrenia. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2014; 122:30-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2014.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Chen C, Li XH, Zhang S, Tu Y, Wang YM, Sun HT. 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone Ameliorates Scopolamine-Induced Alzheimer-Like Pathologic Dysfunction. Rejuvenation Res 2014; 17:249-54. [PMID: 24325271 DOI: 10.1089/rej.2013.1519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chong Chen
- Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurology, Pingjin Hospital, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Li
- Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurology, Pingjin Hospital, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Sai Zhang
- Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurology, Pingjin Hospital, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Tu
- Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurology, Pingjin Hospital, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan-Min Wang
- Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurology, Pingjin Hospital, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
| | - Hong-Tao Sun
- Institute of Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurology, Pingjin Hospital, Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, Tianjin, China
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Lynch G, Cox CD, Gall CM. Pharmacological enhancement of memory or cognition in normal subjects. Front Syst Neurosci 2014; 8:90. [PMID: 24904313 PMCID: PMC4033242 DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2014.00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The possibility of expanding memory or cognitive capabilities above the levels in high functioning individuals is a topic of intense discussion among scientists and in society at large. The majority of animal studies use behavioral endpoint measures; this has produced valuable information but limited predictability for human outcomes. Accordingly, several groups are pursuing a complementary strategy with treatments targeting synaptic events associated with memory encoding or forebrain network operations. Transcription and translation figure prominently in substrate work directed at enhancement. Notably, the question of why new proteins would be needed for a now-forming memory given that learning-driven synthesis presumably occurred throughout the immediate past has been largely ignored. Despite this conceptual problem, and some controversy, recent studies have reinvigorated the idea that selective gene manipulation is a plausible route to enhancement. Efforts to improve memory by facilitating synaptic encoding of information have also progressed, in part due of breakthroughs on mechanisms that stabilize learning-related, long-term potentiation (LTP). These advances point to a reductionistic hypothesis for a diversity of experimental results on enhancement, and identify under-explored possibilities. Cognitive enhancement remains an elusive goal, in part due to the difficulty of defining the target. The popular view of cognition as a collection of definable computations seems to miss the fluid, integrative process experienced by high functioning individuals. The neurobiological approach obviates these psychological issues to directly test the consequences of improving throughput in networks underlying higher order behaviors. The few relevant studies testing drugs that selectively promote excitatory transmission indicate that it is possible to expand cortical networks engaged by complex tasks and that this is accompanied by capabilities not found in normal animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary Lynch
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, CA, USA ; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Conor D Cox
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Christine M Gall
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California Irvine, CA, USA
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Kwon G, Lee HE, Lee DH, Woo H, Park SJ, Gao Q, Ahn YJ, Son KH, Ryu JH. Spicatoside A enhances memory consolidation through the brain-derived neurotrophic factor in mice. Neurosci Lett 2014; 572:58-62. [PMID: 24792393 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a pivotal role in memory consolidation. Previously, we found that the increased mature BDNF (mBDNF) levels in the hippocampal region at a specific time window after the acquisition trial are required for memory consolidation. In the present study, we investigated whether spicatoside A enhances memory consolidation, and whether its effects on memory consolidation are related to hippocampal mBDNF levels. Spicatoside A (2.5, 5, 10 or 20mg/kg) enhanced memory consolidation in a dose-dependent manner, and enhanced memory consolidation was also observed when spicatoside A was administered 1h after the acquisition trial. Concurrently, when spicatoside A was administered immediately or 1h after the acquisition trial, hippocampal mBDNF levels were similar or significantly increased at 9h after the acquisition trial compared to levels at 6h. These results suggest that increased mBDNF levels in the hippocampal region at 9h after the acquisition trial might play a pivotal role in memory consolidation and that spicatoside A might enhance memory consolidation by increasing hippocampal mBDNF levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guyoung Kwon
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung Eun Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hwa Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Woo
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Jin Park
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Qingtao Gao
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Je Ahn
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kun Ho Son
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Andong National University, Andong 760-749, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong Hoon Ryu
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea; Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
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