1
|
Shen H, Ma Z, Hans E, Duan Y, Bi GH, Chae YC, Bonifazi A, Battiti FO, Newman AH, Xi ZX, Yang Y. Neuropharmacology Involvement of dopamine D3 receptor in impulsive choice decision-making in male rats. Neuropharmacology 2024:110051. [PMID: 38917939 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Impulsive decision-making has been linked to impulse control disorders and substance use disorders. However, the neural mechanisms underlying impulsive choice are not fully understood. While previous PET imaging and autoradiography studies have shown involvement of dopamine and D2/3 receptors in impulsive behavior, the roles of distinct D1, D2, and D3 receptors in impulsive decision-making remain unclear. In this study, we used a food reward delay-discounting task (DDT) to identify low- and high-impulsive rats, in which low-impulsive rats exhibited preference for large delayed reward over small immediate rewards, while high-impulsive rats showed the opposite preference. We then examined D1, D2, and D3 receptor gene expression using RNAscope in situ hybridization assays. We found that high-impulsive male rats exhibited lower levels of D2 and D3, and particularly D3, receptor expression in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), with no significant changes in the insular, prelimbic, and infralimbic cortices. Based on these findings, we further explored the role of the D3 receptor in impulsive decision-making. Systemic administration of a selective D3 receptor agonist (FOB02-04) significantly reduced impulsive choices in high-impulsive rats but had no effects in low-impulsive rats. Conversely, a selective D3 receptor antagonist (VK4-116) produced increased both impulsive and omission choices in both groups of rats. These findings suggest that impulsive decision-making is associated with a reduction in D3 receptor expression in the NAc. Selective D3 receptor agonists, but not antagonists, may hold therapeutic potentials for mitigating impulsivity in high-impulsive subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Shen
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Zilu Ma
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Emma Hans
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Ying Duan
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Guo-Hua Bi
- Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Yurim C Chae
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Alessandro Bonifazi
- Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Francisco O Battiti
- Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Amy Hauck Newman
- Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Zheng-Xiong Xi
- Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| | - Yihong Yang
- Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Minnes GL, Wiener AJ, Liley AE, Simon NW. Dopaminergic modulation of sensitivity to immediate and delayed punishment during decision-making. COGNITIVE, AFFECTIVE & BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE 2024; 24:304-321. [PMID: 38052746 DOI: 10.3758/s13415-023-01139-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Effective decision-making involves careful consideration of all rewarding and aversive outcomes. Importantly, negative outcomes often occur later in time, leading to underestimation, or "discounting," of these consequences. Despite the frequent occurrence of delayed outcomes, little is known about the neurobiology underlying sensitivity to delayed punishment during decision-making. The Delayed Punishment Decision-making Task (DPDT) addresses this by assessing sensitivity to delayed versus immediate punishment in rats. Rats initially avoid punished reinforcers, then select this option more frequently when delay precedes punishment. We used DPDT to examine effects of acute systemic administration of catecholaminergic drugs on sensitivity to delayed punishment in male and female adult rats. Cocaine did not affect choice of rewards with immediate punishment but caused a dose-dependent reduction in choice of delayed punishment. Neither activation nor blockade of D1-like dopamine receptor affected decision-making, but activation of D2-like dopamine receptors reduced choice of delayed punishment. D2 blockade did not attenuate cocaine's effects on decision-making, suggesting that cocaine's effects are not dependent on D2 receptor activation. Increasing synaptic norepinephrine via atomoxetine also reduced choice of delayed (but not immediate) punishment. Notably, when DPDT was modified from ascending to descending pre-punishment delays, these drugs did not affect choice of delayed or immediate punishment, although high-dose quinpirole impaired behavioral flexibility. In summary, sensitivity to delayed punishment is regulated by both dopamine and norepinephrine transmission in task-specific fashion. Understanding the neurochemical modulation of decision-making with delayed punishment is a critical step toward treating disorders characterized by aberrant sensitivity to negative consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grace L Minnes
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Anna J Wiener
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Anna E Liley
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Nicholas W Simon
- Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Varma MM, Zhen S, Yu R. Not all discounts are created equal: Regional activity and brain networks in temporal and effort discounting. Neuroimage 2023; 280:120363. [PMID: 37673412 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Reward outcomes associated with costs like time delay and effort investment are generally discounted in decision-making. Standard economic models predict rewards associated with different types of costs are devalued in a similar manner. However, our review of rodent lesion studies indicated partial dissociations between brain regions supporting temporal- and effort-based decision-making. Another debate is whether options involving low and high costs are processed in different brain substrates (dual-system) or in the same regions (single-system). This research addressed these issues using coordinate-based, connectivity-based, and activation network-based meta-analyses to identify overlapping and separable neural systems supporting temporal (39 studies) and effort (20 studies) discounting. Coordinate-based activation likelihood estimation and resting-state connectivity analyses showed immediate-small reward and delayed-large reward choices engaged distinct regions with unique connectivity profiles, but their activation network mapping was found to engage the default mode network. For effort discounting, salience and sensorimotor networks supported low-effort choices, while the frontoparietal network supported high-effort choices. There was little overlap between the temporal and effort networks. Our findings underscore the importance of differentiating different types of costs in decision-making and understanding discounting at both regional and network levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohith M Varma
- Department of Management, Marketing, and Information Systems, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shanshan Zhen
- Department of Social and Behavioural Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Rongjun Yu
- Department of Management, Marketing, and Information Systems, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cavallaro J, Yeisley J, Akdoǧan B, Salazar RE, Floeder JR, Balsam PD, Gallo EF. Dopamine D2 receptors in nucleus accumbens cholinergic interneurons increase impulsive choice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023; 48:1309-1317. [PMID: 37221325 PMCID: PMC10354036 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01608-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Impulsive choice, often characterized by excessive preference for small, short-term rewards over larger, long-term rewards, is a prominent feature of substance use and other neuropsychiatric disorders. The neural mechanisms underlying impulsive choice are not well understood, but growing evidence implicates nucleus accumbens (NAc) dopamine and its actions on dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs). Because several NAc cell types and afferents express D2Rs, it has been difficult to determine the specific neural mechanisms linking NAc D2Rs to impulsive choice. Of these cell types, cholinergic interneurons (CINs) of the NAc, which express D2Rs, have emerged as key regulators of striatal output and local dopamine release. Despite these relevant functions, whether D2Rs expressed specifically in these neurons contribute to impulsive choice behavior is unknown. Here, we show that D2R upregulation in CINs of the mouse NAc increases impulsive choice as measured in a delay discounting task without affecting reward magnitude sensitivity or interval timing. Conversely, mice lacking D2Rs in CINs showed decreased delay discounting. Furthermore, CIN D2R manipulations did not affect probabilistic discounting, which measures a different form of impulsive choice. Together, these findings suggest that CIN D2Rs regulate impulsive decision-making involving delay costs, providing new insight into the mechanisms by which NAc dopamine influences impulsive behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenna Yeisley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Başak Akdoǧan
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ronald E Salazar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Joseph R Floeder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Peter D Balsam
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Barnard College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eduardo F Gallo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cavallaro J, Yeisley J, Akdoǧan B, Floeder J, Balsam PD, Gallo EF. Dopamine D2 receptors in nucleus accumbens cholinergic interneurons increase impulsive choice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.01.20.524596. [PMID: 36711450 PMCID: PMC9882257 DOI: 10.1101/2023.01.20.524596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Impulsive choice, often characterized by excessive preference for small, short-term rewards over larger, long-term rewards, is a prominent feature of substance use and other neuropsychiatric disorders. The neural mechanisms underlying impulsive choice are not well understood, but growing evidence implicates nucleus accumbens (NAc) dopamine and its actions on dopamine D2 receptors (D2Rs). Because several NAc cell types and afferents express D2Rs, it has been difficult to determine the specific neural mechanisms linking NAc D2Rs to impulsive choice. Of these cell types, cholinergic interneurons (CINs) of the NAc, which express D2Rs, have emerged as key regulators of striatal output and local dopamine release. Despite these relevant functions, whether D2Rs expressed specifically in these neurons contribute to impulsive choice behavior is unknown. Here, we show that D2R upregulation in CINs of the mouse NAc increases impulsive choice as measured in a delay discounting task without affecting reward magnitude sensitivity or interval timing. Conversely, mice lacking D2Rs in CINs showed decreased delay discounting. Furthermore, CIN D2R manipulations did not affect probabilistic discounting, which measures a different form of impulsive choice. Together, these findings suggest that CIN D2Rs regulate impulsive decision-making involving delay costs, providing new insight into the mechanisms by which NAc dopamine influences impulsive behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jenna Yeisley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY
| | - Başak Akdoǧan
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY.,Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY
| | - Joseph Floeder
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY
| | - Peter D. Balsam
- Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY.,Division of Developmental Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY.,Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Barnard College, New York, NY
| | - Eduardo F. Gallo
- Department of Biological Sciences, Fordham University, Bronx, NY
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sun X, Liu M, Xu X, Shi C, Zhang L, Yao Z, Chen J, Wang Q. Accumbal adenosine A 2A receptor inactivation biases for large and costly rewards in the effort- but not delay-based decision making. Neuropharmacology 2023; 222:109273. [PMID: 36252615 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The cost-benefit decision-making (CBDM) is critical to normal human activity and a diminished willingness to expend effort to obtain rewards is a prevalent/noted characteristic of neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease. Numerous studies have identified nucleus accumbens (NAc) as an important locus for CBDM control but their neuromodulatory and behavioral mechanisms remain largely under-explored. Adenosine A2A receptors (A2ARs), which are highly concentrated in the striatopallidal neurons, can integrate glutamate and dopamine signals for controlling effort-related choice behaviors. While the involvement of A2ARs in effort-based decision making is well documented, the role of other decision variables (reward discrimination) in effort-based decision making and the role of A2AR in delay-based decision making are less clear. In this study, we have developed a well-controlled CBDM behavioral paradigm to manipulate effort/cost and reward independently or in combination, allowing a dissection of four behavioral elements: effort-based CBDM (E-CBDM), delay-based CBDM (D-CBDM), reward discrimination (RD), effort discrimination (ED), and determined the effect of genetic knockdown (KD) of NAc A2AR on the four behavioral elements. We found that A2AR KD in NAc increased the choice for larger, more costly reward in the E-CBDM, but not D-CBDM. Furthermore, this high-effort/high-reward bias was attributable to the increased willingness to engage in effort but not the effect of discrimination of reward magnitude. Our findings substantiate an important role of the NAc A2AR in control of E-CBDM and support that pharmacologically targeting NAc A2ARs would be a useful strategy for treating the aberrant effort-based decision making in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Sun
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and Eye-Brain Research Center, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Min Liu
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and Eye-Brain Research Center, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Xinyu Xu
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and Eye-Brain Research Center, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Chennan Shi
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and Eye-Brain Research Center, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Liping Zhang
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and Eye-Brain Research Center, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Zhimo Yao
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and Eye-Brain Research Center, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Jiangfan Chen
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and Eye-Brain Research Center, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
| | - Qin Wang
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Laboratory and Eye-Brain Research Center, School of Optometry and Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China; State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology & Optometry and Vision Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Salamone J, Ecevitoglu A, Carratala-Ros C, Presby R, Edelstein G, Fleeher R, Rotolo R, Meka N, Srinath S, Masthay JC, Correa M. Complexities and Paradoxes in Understanding the Role of Dopamine in Incentive Motivation and Instrumental Action: Exertion of Effort vs. Anhedonia. Brain Res Bull 2022; 182:57-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
8
|
Juvenile stress increases cocaine-induced impulsivity in female rats. Behav Brain Res 2021; 414:113488. [PMID: 34329670 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In humans, adverse childhood experiences are associated with an increased risk of developing a neuropsychiatric disorder. Changes in social behavior and cognitive function are hallmarks of numerous neuropsychiatric disorders. Here we examined the effects of exposure to variable stress during the juvenile period on social behavior, reward, and cognitive function (as measured in the 5-choice serial reaction time task (5CSRTT)) in rats. From postnatal days (PND) 25-29 male and female rats were exposed to a variable stress protocol. In adulthood, social interactions and sucrose preference were assessed prior to training on the 5CSRTT. Once successfully trained, rats were challenged with different task versions, and then the effects of cocaine (0, 10, or 20 mg/kg, IP) on performance were assessed. A follow-up experiment examined the ability of the D2 receptor antagonist eticlopride (0.0, 0.025, 0.05 mg/kg, IP) to block the effects of cocaine on 5CSRTT performance in female rats. Male rats exposed to juvenile stress tended to engage in less social behavior and had an increased correct response latency in the 5CSRTT following cocaine administration. Female rats exposed to juvenile stress exhibited a trend towards increased social behavior and demonstrated increased cocaine-induced impulsivity. The increase in impulsivity was not blocked by co-administration of eticlopride. Juvenile stress had minimal effects on adult behavior in male rats, but increased cocaine-induced impulsivity in female rats. Such an effect could contribute to the enhanced escalation of drug-use observed in females that experience juvenile stress. This possibility awaits further testing.
Collapse
|
9
|
Dopaminergic modulation of reward discounting in healthy rats: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:711-723. [PMID: 33215269 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-020-05723-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Although numerous studies have suggested that pharmacological alteration of the dopamine (DA) system modulates reward discounting, these studies have produced inconsistent findings. OBJECTIVES Here, we conducted a systematic review and pre-registered meta-analysis to evaluate DA drug-mediated effects on reward discounting of time, probability, and effort costs in studies of healthy rats. This produced a total of 1343 articles to screen for inclusion/exclusion. From the literature, we identified 117 effects from approximately 1549 individual rats. METHODS Using random effects with maximum-likelihood estimation, we meta-analyzed placebo-controlled drug effects for (1) DA D1-like receptor agonists and (2) antagonists, (3) D2-like agonists and (4) antagonists, and (5) DA transporter-modulating drugs. RESULTS Meta-analytic effects showed that DAT-modulating drugs decreased reward discounting. While D1-like and D2-like antagonists both increased discounting, agonist drugs for those receptors had no significant effect on discounting behavior. A number of these effects appear contingent on study design features like cost type, rat strain, and microinfusion location. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest a nuanced relationship between DA and discounting behavior and urge caution when drawing generalizations about the effects of pharmacologically manipulating dopamine on reward-based decision-making.
Collapse
|
10
|
Khlghatyan J, Quintana C, Parent M, Beaulieu JM. High Sensitivity Mapping of Cortical Dopamine D2 Receptor Expressing Neurons. Cereb Cortex 2020; 29:3813-3827. [PMID: 30295716 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhy261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cortical D2 dopamine receptor (Drd2) have mostly been examined in the context of cognitive function regulation and neurotransmission modulation of medial prefrontal cortex by principal neurons and parvalbumin positive, fast-spiking, interneurons in schizophrenia. Early studies suggested the presence of D2 receptors in several cortical areas, albeit with major technical limitations. We used combinations of transgenic reporter systems, recombinase activated viral vectors, quantitative translatome analysis, and high sensitivity in situ hybridization to identify D2 receptor expressing cells and establish a map of their respective projections. Our results identified previously uncharacterized clusters of D2 expressing neurons in limbic and sensory regions of the adult mouse brain cortex. Characterization of these clusters by translatome analysis and cell type specific labeling revealed highly heterogeneous expression of D2 receptors in principal neurons and various populations of interneurons across cortical areas. Transcript enrichment analysis also demonstrated variable levels of D2 receptor expression and several orphan G-protein-coupled receptors coexpression in different neuronal clusters, thus suggesting strategies for genetic and therapeutic targeting of D2 expressing neurons in specific cortical areas. These results pave the way for a thorough re-examination of cortical D2 receptor functions, which could provide information about neuronal circuits involved in psychotic and mood disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jivan Khlghatyan
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec-City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Clémentine Quintana
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Martin Parent
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec-City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Martin Beaulieu
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec-City, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Holleran KM, Rose JH, Fordahl SC, Benton KC, Rohr KE, Gasser PJ, Jones SR. Organic cation transporter 3 and the dopamine transporter differentially regulate catecholamine uptake in the basolateral amygdala and nucleus accumbens. Eur J Neurosci 2020; 52:4546-4562. [PMID: 32725894 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Regional alterations in kinetics of catecholamine uptake are due in part to variations in clearance mechanisms. The rate of clearance is a critical determinant of the strength of catecholamine signaling. Catecholamine transmission in the nucleus accumbens core (NAcc) and basolateral amygdala (BLA) is of particular interest due to involvement of these regions in cognition and motivation. Previous work has shown that catecholamine clearance in the NAcc is largely mediated by the dopamine transporter (DAT), but clearance in the BLA is less DAT-dependent. A growing body of literature suggests that organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3) also contributes to catecholamine clearance in both regions. Consistent with different clearance mechanisms between regions, catecholamine clearance is more rapid in the NAcc than in the BLA, though mechanisms underlying this have not been resolved. We compared the expression of DAT and OCT3 and their contributions to catecholamine clearance in the NAcc and BLA. We found DAT protein levels were ~ 4-fold higher in the NAcc than in the BLA, while OCT3 protein expression was similar between the two regions. Immunofluorescent labeling of the two transporters in brain sections confirmed these findings. Ex vivo voltammetry demonstrated that the magnitude of catecholamine release was greater, and the clearance rate was faster in the NAcc than in the BLA. Additionally, catecholamine clearance in the BLA was more sensitive to the OCT3 inhibitor corticosterone, while clearance in the NAcc was more cocaine sensitive. These distinctions in catecholamine clearance may underlie differential effects of catecholamines on behavioral outputs mediated by these regions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M Holleran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jamie H Rose
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Steven C Fordahl
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kelsey C Benton
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Kayla E Rohr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Paul J Gasser
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Sara R Jones
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
The basolateral amygdala regulation of complex cognitive behaviours in the five-choice serial reaction time task. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2019; 236:3135-3146. [PMID: 31079161 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05260-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The basolateral amygdala (BLA) plays important roles in the cognitive control in human and non-human animals. However, inconsistent findings between species have been observed and there have been relatively few detailed investigations of the cognitive properties of BLA, especially in mice. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to determine the role of BLA in cognition by using optogenetic manipulations. METHODS Male C57BL/six mice were trained and tested on the five-choice serial reaction time task (5-CSRTT), open-field test (OFT), elevated plus maze (EPM), Y-maze, and novel object recognition (NOR) test during optogenetic stimulation and inhibition of the BLA. RESULTS Optogenetic activation of the BLA decreased the impulsivity and increased the compulsivity of mice, whereas optogenetic inhibition of BLA had the opposite effect. Similarly, anxiety-like behaviours and spatial working memory were increased in BLA activation mice, whereas BLA inhibition decreased these behaviours. However, both BLA activation and inhibition decreased the motivation of the mice. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that the BLA regulates impulsive action and spatial working memory, and plays a critical role in anxiety-like behaviours.
Collapse
|
13
|
Top-down control of the medial orbitofrontal cortex to nucleus accumbens core pathway in decisional impulsivity. Brain Struct Funct 2019; 224:2437-2452. [DOI: 10.1007/s00429-019-01913-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
|
14
|
Salamone JD, Correa M, Ferrigno S, Yang JH, Rotolo RA, Presby RE. The Psychopharmacology of Effort-Related Decision Making: Dopamine, Adenosine, and Insights into the Neurochemistry of Motivation. Pharmacol Rev 2019; 70:747-762. [PMID: 30209181 DOI: 10.1124/pr.117.015107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Effort-based decision making is studied using tasks that offer choices between high-effort options leading to more highly valued reinforcers versus low-effort/low-reward options. These tasks have been used to study the involvement of neural systems, including mesolimbic dopamine and related circuits, in effort-related aspects of motivation. Moreover, such tasks are useful as animal models of some of the motivational symptoms that are seen in people with depression, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease, and other disorders. The present review will discuss the pharmacology of effort-related decision making and will focus on the use of these tasks for the development of drug treatments for motivational dysfunction. Research has identified pharmacological conditions that can alter effort-based choice and serve as models for depression-related symptoms (e.g., the vesicular monoamine transport-2 inhibitor tetrabenazine and proinflammatory cytokines). Furthermore, tests of effort-based choice have identified compounds that are particularly useful for stimulating high-effort work output and reversing the deficits induced by tetrabenazine and cytokines. These studies indicate that drugs that act by facilitating dopamine transmission, as well as adenosine A2A antagonists, are relatively effective at reversing effort-related impairments. Studies of effort-based choice may lead to the identification of drug targets that could be useful for treating motivational treatments that are resistant to commonly used antidepressants such as serotonin transport inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John D Salamone
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (J.D.S., S.F., J.-H.Y., R.A.R., R.E.P.); and Area de Psicobiologia, Universitat de Jaume I, Castelló, Spain (M.C.)
| | - Mercè Correa
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (J.D.S., S.F., J.-H.Y., R.A.R., R.E.P.); and Area de Psicobiologia, Universitat de Jaume I, Castelló, Spain (M.C.)
| | - Sarah Ferrigno
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (J.D.S., S.F., J.-H.Y., R.A.R., R.E.P.); and Area de Psicobiologia, Universitat de Jaume I, Castelló, Spain (M.C.)
| | - Jen-Hau Yang
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (J.D.S., S.F., J.-H.Y., R.A.R., R.E.P.); and Area de Psicobiologia, Universitat de Jaume I, Castelló, Spain (M.C.)
| | - Renee A Rotolo
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (J.D.S., S.F., J.-H.Y., R.A.R., R.E.P.); and Area de Psicobiologia, Universitat de Jaume I, Castelló, Spain (M.C.)
| | - Rose E Presby
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut (J.D.S., S.F., J.-H.Y., R.A.R., R.E.P.); and Area de Psicobiologia, Universitat de Jaume I, Castelló, Spain (M.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Tian L, Liu X, Mei X, Cui R, Li X. The role of dopamine D1- and D2-like receptors related to muscarinic M1 receptors in impulsive choice in high-impulsive and low-impulsive rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 176:43-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2018.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
16
|
D'Souza MS. Brain and Cognition for Addiction Medicine: From Prevention to Recovery Neural Substrates for Treatment of Psychostimulant-Induced Cognitive Deficits. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:509. [PMID: 31396113 PMCID: PMC6667748 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Addiction to psychostimulants like cocaine, methamphetamine, and nicotine poses a continuing medical and social challenge both in the United States and all over the world. Despite a desire to quit drug use, return to drug use after a period of abstinence is a common problem among individuals dependent on psychostimulants. Recovery for psychostimulant drug-dependent individuals is particularly challenging because psychostimulant drugs induce significant changes in brain regions associated with cognitive functions leading to cognitive deficits. These cognitive deficits include impairments in learning/memory, poor decision making, and impaired control of behavioral output. Importantly, these drug-induced cognitive deficits often impact adherence to addiction treatment programs and predispose abstinent addicts to drug use relapse. Additionally, these cognitive deficits impact effective social and professional rehabilitation of abstinent addicts. The goal of this paper is to review neural substrates based on animal studies that could be pharmacologically targeted to reverse psychostimulant-induced cognitive deficits such as impulsivity and impairment in learning and memory. Further, the review will discuss neural substrates that could be used to facilitate extinction learning and thus reduce emotional and behavioral responses to drug-associated cues. Moreover, the review will discuss some non-pharmacological approaches that could be used either alone or in combination with pharmacological compounds to treat the above-mentioned cognitive deficits. Psychostimulant addiction treatment, which includes treatment for cognitive deficits, will help promote abstinence and allow for better rehabilitation and integration of abstinent individuals into society.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoranjan S D'Souza
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, The Raabe College of Pharmacy, Ohio Northern University, Ada, OH, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Luján MA, Colomar L, Tarragón E, López-Cruz L, Pastor R, Font L. Drug-free and context-dependent locomotor hyperactivity in DBA/2 J mice previously treated with repeated cocaine: Relationship with behavioral sensitization and role of noradrenergic receptors. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2018; 176:101-110. [PMID: 30571988 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2018.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Drug-associated contexts and discrete cues can trigger motivational states responsible for drug-seeking behavior and relapse. In preclinical research, drug-free conditioned hyperactivity has been used to investigate the expression of memories associated with psychostimulant drug effects. Addictive drugs can produce long-lasting sensitization to their psychomotor actions, a phenomenon known as behavioral sensitization. The neuroplasticity underlying behavioral sensitization appears to be involved in pathological drug pursuit and abuse. In the present study we evaluated drug-free, context-dependent hyperactivity in DBA/2 J mice previously treated with cocaine and we explored whether this conditioned effect was related to behavioral sensitization. Given the role of noradrenergic (NA) neurotransmission in memory retrieval, consolidation and reconsolidation processes, we also investigated whether conditioned hyperactivity in a drug-free state was mediated by NA receptors. Animals underwent a sensitization protocol with six cocaine injections (0, 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg) paired to a particular floor cue. Three days after this sensitization phase, all animals were exposed to the same familiar floor environment without drug treatment. A second test with an unfamiliar floor was conducted 24 h later. Conditioned hyperactivity was also explored after one or three cocaine pairings and was evaluated for its duration (with repeated familiar vs. unfamiliar floor tests). In a series of pharmacological experiments, we evaluated the effects propranolol (a non-selective antagonist of β1- and β2-receptors) and prazosin (α1-receptor antagonist) on conditioned hyperactivity. Cocaine treatment produced both robust sensitization and drug-free conditioned hyperactivity, an effect that lasted up to 17 days (with cocaine 20 mg/kg). A significant correlation between the magnitude of cocaine sensitization and the level of conditioned hyperactivity was found. Propranolol, but not prazosin, blocked context-dependent hyperlocomotion in a drug-free state. Our data, together with a vast body of literature, indicate that the NA system plays a key role in the retrieval and behavioral expression of drug-associated memories.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Luján
- Area de Psicobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain; Neurobiology of Behaviour Research Group (GReNeCNeuroBio), Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Colomar
- Area de Psicobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Ernesto Tarragón
- Area de Psicobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Laura López-Cruz
- Area de Psicobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain; Department of Psychology and MRC/Wellcome Trust Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Raúl Pastor
- Area de Psicobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain
| | - Laura Font
- Area de Psicobiología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shi YW, Fan BF, Xue L, Wen JL, Zhao H. Regulation of Fear Extinction in the Basolateral Amygdala by Dopamine D2 Receptors Accompanied by Altered GluR1, GluR1-Ser845 and NR2B Levels. Front Behav Neurosci 2017; 11:116. [PMID: 28676746 PMCID: PMC5476700 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The amygdala, a critical structure for both Pavlovian fear conditioning and fear extinction, receives sparse but comprehensive dopamine innervation and contains dopamine D1 and D2 receptors. Fear extinction, which involves learning to suppress the expression of a previously learned fear, appears to require the dopaminergic system. The specific roles of D2 receptors in mediating associative learning underlying fear extinction require further study. Intra-basolateral amygdala (BLA) infusions of a D2 receptor agonist, quinpirole, and a D2 receptor antagonist, sulpiride, prior to fear extinction and extinction retention were tested 24 h after fear extinction training for long-term memory (LTM). LTM was facilitated by quinpirole and attenuated by sulpiride. In addition, A-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor glutamate receptor 1 (GluR1) subunit, GluR1 phospho-Ser845, and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor NR2B subunit levels in the BLA were generally increased by quinpirole and down-regulated by sulpiride. The present study suggests that activation of D2 receptors facilitates fear extinction and that blockade of D2 receptors impairs fear extinction, accompanied by changes in GluR1, GluR1-Ser845 and NR2B levels in the amygdala.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Wei Shi
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Bu-Fang Fan
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Li Xue
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Ling Wen
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| | - Hu Zhao
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang Z, Liang S, Yu S, Xie T, Wang B, Wang J, Li Y, Shan B, Cui C. Distinct Roles of Dopamine Receptors in the Lateral Thalamus in a Rat Model of Decisional Impulsivity. Neurosci Bull 2017; 33:413-422. [PMID: 28585114 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-017-0146-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The thalamus and central dopamine signaling have been shown to play important roles in high-level cognitive processes including impulsivity. However, little is known about the role of dopamine receptors in the thalamus in decisional impulsivity. In the present study, rats were tested using a delay discounting task and divided into three groups: high impulsivity (HI), medium impulsivity (MI), and low impulsivity (LI). Subsequent in vivo voxel-based magnetic resonance imaging revealed that the HI rats displayed a markedly reduced density of gray matter in the lateral thalamus compared with the LI rats. In the MI rats, the dopamine D1 receptor antagonist SCH23390 or the D2 receptor antagonist eticlopride was microinjected into the lateral thalamus. SCH23390 significantly decreased their choice of a large, delayed reward and increased their omission of lever presses. In contrast, eticlopride increased the choice of a large, delayed reward but had no effect on the omissions. Together, our results indicate that the lateral thalamus is involved in decisional impulsivity, and dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in the lateral thalamus have distinct effects on decisional impulsive behaviors in rats. These results provide a new insight into the dopamine signaling in the lateral thalamus in decisional impulsivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Wang
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, The Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shengxiang Liang
- Division of Nuclear Technology and Applications, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yu
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, The Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Tong Xie
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, The Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Baicheng Wang
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, The Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Junkai Wang
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, The Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yijing Li
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.,Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, The Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Baoci Shan
- Division of Nuclear Technology and Applications, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cailian Cui
- Neuroscience Research Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China. .,Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, The Ministry of Education and Ministry of Public Health, Beijing, 100191, China.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Tzeng WY, Cherng CFG, Yu L, Wang CY. Basolateral amygdalar D2 receptor activation is required for the companions-exerted suppressive effect on the cocaine conditioning. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2017; 137:48-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
21
|
Beitscher-Campbell H, Blum K, Febo M, Madigan MA, Giordano J, Badgaiyan RD, Braverman ER, Dushaj K, Li M, Gold MS. Pilot clinical observations between food and drug seeking derived from fifty cases attending an eating disorder clinic. J Behav Addict 2016; 5:533-41. [PMID: 27502054 PMCID: PMC5264422 DOI: 10.1556/2006.5.2016.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The reward deficiency syndrome hypothesis posits that genes are responsible for reward dependence and related behaviors. There is evidence that both bulimia and anorexia nervosa, especially in women, have been linked to a lifetime history of substance use disorder (SUD). There are difficulties in accepting food as an addiction similar to drugs; however, increasingly neuroimaging studies favor such an assertion. Case presentations We are reporting the evidence of comorbidity of eating disorders with SUD found within these case presentations. We show 50 case reports derived from two independent treatment centers in Florida that suggest the commonality between food and drug addictions. In an attempt to provide data from this cohort, many participants did not adequately respond to our questionnaire. Discussion We propose that dopamine agonist therapy may be of common benefit. Failure in the past may reside in too powerful D2 agonist activity leading to D2 receptor downregulation, while the new methodology may cause a reduction of "dopamine resistance" by inducing "dopamine homeostasis." While this is not a definitive study, it does provide some additional clinical evidence that these two addictions are not mutually exclusive. Conclusion Certainly, it is our position that there is an overlap between food- and drug-seeking behavior. We propose that the studies focused on an effort to produce natural activation of dopaminergic reward circuitry as a type of common therapy may certainly be reasonable. Additional research is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harriet Beitscher-Campbell
- A New Beginning PA, North Miami Beach, FL, USA,Ocean Breeze Recovery Program, Pompano Beach, FL, USA,National Institute of Holistic Addiction Studies, North Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Kenneth Blum
- National Institute of Holistic Addiction Studies, North Miami Beach, FL, USA,Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA,Division of Neuroscience-based Therapy, Summit Estate Recovery Center, Las Gatos, CA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA,Department of Neurological Research, PATH Foundation NY, New York, NY, USA,Dominion Diagnostics, LLC, North Kingstown, RI, USA,IGENE, LLC, Austin, TX, USA,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Division of Neuroscience Research and Addiction Therapy, The Shores Treatment and Recovery, Port Saint Lucie, FL, USA,Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary,Corresponding author: Kenneth Blum, PhD; Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Box 100183, Gainesville, FL 32610-0183, USA; Phone: +1 352 392 6680; Fax: +1 352 392 8217; E-mail:
| | - Marcelo Febo
- Department of Psychiatry, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - John Giordano
- National Institute of Holistic Addiction Studies, North Miami Beach, FL, USA
| | - Rajendra D. Badgaiyan
- Department of Psychiatry and Laboratory for Radiochemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Eric R. Braverman
- Department of Neurological Research, PATH Foundation NY, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristina Dushaj
- Department of Neurological Research, PATH Foundation NY, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mona Li
- Department of Neurological Research, PATH Foundation NY, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark S. Gold
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Keck School of Medicine of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Effects of striatal lesions on components of choice: Reward discrimination, preference, and relative valuation. Behav Brain Res 2016; 315:130-40. [PMID: 27544873 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2016.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The striatum is a key structure involved in reward processing and choice. Recently, we have developed a paradigm to explore how components of reward processing work together or independently during choice behavior. These components include reward discrimination, preference and relative valuation, and the goal of the present study was to determine how the striatum is involved in these dissociable components during this novel free choice paradigm. We tested choice utilizing two different outcome series with one being a more straightforward single-option discrimination anchored by a 0 reward outcome, and the other as a multi-option outcome discrimination of greater difficulty. We compared the free choice reward task to a sequential reward task and an extinction task. Striatal lesions impaired responding only in the free choice version with alterations in both appetitive and consummatory measures. Ventral striatal lesions had greater impact altering discrimination, preference and relative valuation in both the single and multi-option week studies. A major factor involved in these deficits was a significant aversion to the multi-option that contained a larger outcome option but with a longer delay to reward. Dorsal striatal lesions caused less impairment even leading to enhanced choice behavior compared to control animals during the more difficult multi-option free choice series. Overall, the results suggest that the context of action is crucial when linking striatal function to choice behavior and its diverse components. The implications include the idea that striatal involvement in decision-making is increased when responses are self-paced and diverse in a more naturalistic environment.
Collapse
|
23
|
Salamone JD, Correa M, Yohn S, Lopez Cruz L, San Miguel N, Alatorre L. The pharmacology of effort-related choice behavior: Dopamine, depression, and individual differences. Behav Processes 2016; 127:3-17. [PMID: 26899746 DOI: 10.1016/j.beproc.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 02/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review paper is focused upon the involvement of mesolimbic dopamine (DA) and related brain systems in effort-based processes. Interference with DA transmission affects instrumental behavior in a manner that interacts with the response requirements of the task, such that rats with impaired DA transmission show a heightened sensitivity to ratio requirements. Impaired DA transmission also affects effort-related choice behavior, which is assessed by tasks that offer a choice between a preferred reinforcer that has a high work requirement vs. less preferred reinforcer that can be obtained with minimal effort. Rats and mice with impaired DA transmission reallocate instrumental behavior away from food-reinforced tasks with high response costs, and show increased selection of low reinforcement/low cost options. Tests of effort-related choice have been developed into models of pathological symptoms of motivation that are seen in disorders such as depression and schizophrenia. These models are being employed to explore the effects of conditions associated with various psychopathologies, and to assess drugs for their potential utility as treatments for effort-related symptoms. Studies of the pharmacology of effort-based choice may contribute to the development of treatments for symptoms such as psychomotor slowing, fatigue or anergia, which are seen in depression and other disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John D Salamone
- Dept. of Psychology Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-1020, USA.
| | - Merce Correa
- Dept. of Psychology Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-1020, USA; Area de Psicobiol., Dept. Psic., Universitat de Jaume I, Castelló 12071, Spain
| | - Samantha Yohn
- Dept. of Psychology Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-1020, USA
| | - Laura Lopez Cruz
- Dept. of Psychology Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-1020, USA; Area de Psicobiol., Dept. Psic., Universitat de Jaume I, Castelló 12071, Spain
| | - Noemi San Miguel
- Dept. of Psychology Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-1020, USA; Area de Psicobiol., Dept. Psic., Universitat de Jaume I, Castelló 12071, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|